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Grosman-Rimon L, Vadasz B, Bondi M, Cohen M, Santos S, Katz J, Clarke H, Singh S, Rimon J, Kumbhare D, Eilat-Adar S. Potential Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 101:1175-1182. [PMID: 35067552 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Insulin-like growth factors have diverse functions in skeletal muscles by acting through multiple signaling pathways, including growth regulation and differentiation, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation. Insulin-like growth factors have anti-inflammatory effects and also play roles in nociceptive pathways, determining pain sensitivity, in addition to their protective role against ischemic injury in both the nervous system and skeletal muscle. In skeletal muscle, insulin-like growth factors maintain homeostasis, playing key roles in maintenance, accelerating muscle regeneration, and repair processes. As part of their maintenance role, increased levels of insulin-like growth factors may be required for the repair mechanisms after exercise. Although the role of insulin-like growth factors in myofascial pain syndrome is not completely understood, there is evidence from a recent study that insulin-like growth factor 2 levels in patients with myofascial pain syndrome are lower than those of healthy individuals and are associated with increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Importantly, higher insulin-like growth factor 2 levels are associated with increased pain severity in myofascial pain syndrome patients. This may suggest that too low or high insulin-like growth factor levels may contribute to musculoskeletal disorder process, whereas a midrange levels may optimize healing without contributing to pain hypersensitivity. Future studies are required to address the mechanisms of insulin-like growth factor 2 in myofascial pain syndrome and the optimal level as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Grosman-Rimon
- From the Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel (LG-R, SE-A); Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, Canada (LG-R, S. Santos, HC, DK); Department of Pathology McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (BV); Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel (MB); Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (MB); The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (MC); Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada (JK, HC); Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada (JK, JR); and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (S. Singh)
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Iglesias-Osma MC, Blanco EJ, Carretero-Hernández M, Catalano-Iniesta L, García-Barrado MJ, Sánchez-Robledo V, Blázquez JL, Carretero J. The lack of Irs2 induces changes in the immunocytochemical expression of aromatase in the mouse retina. Ann Anat 2021; 239:151726. [PMID: 33798691 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate (Irs) belongs to a family of proteins that mediate the intracellular signaling of insulin and IGF-1. Insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2) is necessary for retinal function, since its failure in Irs2-deficient mice in hyperglycemic situation promotes photoreceptor degeneration and visual dysfunction, like in diabetic retinopathy. The expression of P450 aromatase, which catalyzes androgen aromatization to form 17ß-estradiol, increases in some neurodegenerative diseases thus promoting the local synthesis of neuroestrogens that exert relevant neuroprotective functions. Aromatase is also expressed in neurons and glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS), including the retina. To further understand the role of Irs2 at the retinal level, we performed an immunocytochemical study in adult normoglycemic Irs2-deficient mice. For this aim, the retinal immunoexpression of neuromodulators, such as aromatase, glutamine synthetase (GS), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was analyzed, joint to a morphometric and planimetric study of the retinal layers. Comparing with wild-type (WT) control mice, the Irs2-knockout (Irs2-KO) animals showed a significant increase in the immunopositivity to aromatase in almost all of the retinal layers. Besides, Irs2-KO mice exhibited a decreased immunopositive reaction for GS and TH, in Müller and amacrine cells, respectively; morphological variations were also found in these retinal cell types. Furthermore, the retina of Irs2-KO mice displayed alterations in the structural organization, and a generalized decrease in the retinal thickness was observed in each of the layers, except for the inner nuclear layer. Our findings suggest that the absence of Irs2 induces retinal neurodegenerative changes in Müller and amacrine cells that are unrelated to hyperglycemia. Accordingly, in the Irs2-KO mice, the increased retinal immunocytochemical reactivity of aromatase could be associated with an attempt to repair such neural retina injuries by promoting local neuroprotective mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmen Iglesias-Osma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Enrique J Blanco
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Carretero-Hernández
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Leonardo Catalano-Iniesta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Jose García-Barrado
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginia Sánchez-Robledo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Blázquez
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose Carretero
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain.
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Catalano-Iniesta L, Iglesias-Osma MC, Sánchez-Robledo V, Carretero-Hernández M, Blanco EJ, Carretero J, García-Barrado MJ. Variations in adrenal gland medulla and dopamine effects induced by the lack of Irs2. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 74:667-677. [PMID: 30367392 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The adrenomedullary chromaffin cells' hormonal pathway has been related to the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. In mice, the deletion of insulin receptor substrate type 2 (Irs2) causes peripheral insulin resistance and reduction in β-cell mass, leading to overt diabetes, with gender differences on adrenergic signaling. To further unravel the relevance of Irs2 on glycemic control, we analyzed in adult Irs2 deficient (Irs2-/-) mice, of both sexes but still normoglycemic, dopamine effects on insulin secretion and glycerol release, as well as their adrenal medulla by an immunohistochemical and morphologic approach. In isolated islets, 10 μM dopamine significantly inhibited insulin release in wild-type (WT) and female Irs2-/- mice; however, male Irs2-/- islets were insensitive to that catecholamine. Similarly, on isolated adipocytes, gender differences were observed between WT and Irs2-/- mice in basal and evoked glycerol release with crescent concentrations of dopamine. By immunohistochemistry, reactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in female mice was significantly higher in the adrenal medulla of Irs2-/- compared to WT; although no differences for TH-immunopositivity were observed between the male groups of mice. However, compared to their corresponding WT animals, adrenomedullary chromaffin cells of Irs2-/- mice showed a significant decrease in the cellular and nuclear areas, and even in their percentage of apoptosis. Therefore, our observations suggest that, together with gender differences on dopamine responses in Irs2-/- mice, disturbances in adrenomedullary chromaffin cells could be related to deficiency of Irs2. Accordingly, Irs2 could be necessary for adequate glucose homeostasis and maintenance of the population of the adrenomedullary chromaffin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Catalano-Iniesta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, INCyL and IBSAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Carmen Iglesias-Osma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, INCyL and IBSAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginia Sánchez-Robledo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, INCyL and IBSAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Carretero-Hernández
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Enrique J Blanco
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Carretero
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María José García-Barrado
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, INCyL and IBSAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avda. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. .,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Obesity, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Chen C, Bai X, Bi Y, Liu G, Li H, Liu Z, Liu H. Insulin-like growth factor-1 attenuates apoptosis and protects neurochemical phenotypes of dorsal root ganglion neurons with paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:89-102. [PMID: 25136768 DOI: 10.1179/1476830514y.0000000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanwen Bi
- Department of Cardiosurgery, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guixiang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huaxiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Lu L, Dong H, Liu G, Yuan B, Li Y, Liu H. The Protective Effects of IGF-1 on Different Subpopulations of DRG Neurons with Neurotoxicity Induced by gp120 and Dideoxycytidine In Vitro. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:532-9. [PMID: 25489421 PMCID: PMC4256033 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy is not only difficult to distinguish in clinical practice, but also difficult to relieve the pain symptoms by analgesics because of the severity of the disease at the later stage. Hence, to explore the mechanisms of HIV-related neuropathy and find new therapeutic options are particularly important for relieving neuropathic pain symptoms of the patients. In the present study, primary cultured embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were used to determine the neurotoxic effects of HIV-gp120 protein and/or antiretroviral drug dideoxycytidine (ddC) and the therapeutic actions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on gp120- or ddC-induced neurotoxicity. DRG neurons were exposed to gp120 (500 pmol/L), ddC (50 μmol/L), gp120 (500 pmol/L) plus ddC (50 μmol/L), gp120 (500 pmol/L) plus IGF-1 (20 nmol/L), ddC (50 μmol/L) plus IGF-1 (20 nmol/L), gp120 (500 pmol/L) plus ddC (50 μmol/L) plus IGF-1 (20 nmol/L), respectively, for 72 hours. The results showed that gp120 and/or ddC caused neurotoxicity of primary cultured DRG neurons. Interestingly, the severity of neurotoxicity induced by gp120 and ddC was different in different subpopulation of DRG neurons. gp120 mainly affected large diameter DRG neurons (>25 μm), whereas ddC mainly affected small diameter DRG neurons (≤25 μm). IGF-1 could reverse the neurotoxicity induced by gp120 and/or ddC on small, but not large, DRG neurons. These data provide new insights in elucidating the pathogenesis of HIV infection- or antiretroviral therapy-related peripheral neuropathy and facilitating the development of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250021
| | - Haixia Dong
- Department of Computer Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Weifang Medical College Affiliated Yidu Central Hospital, Qingzhou 262500
| | - Guixiang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou 256603
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heze Boai Hospital, Heze 274000
| | - Yizhao Li
- Jinan e-Join Science and Technology, Co., Ltd, Jinan 250100
| | - Huaxiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
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Zemva J, Udelhoven M, Moll L, Freude S, Stöhr O, Brönneke HS, Drake RB, Krone W, Schubert M. Neuronal overexpression of insulin receptor substrate 2 leads to increased fat mass, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance during aging. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:1881-1897. [PMID: 23160735 PMCID: PMC3776092 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-012-9491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The insulin receptor substrates (IRS) are adapter proteins mediating insulin's and IGF1's intracellular effects. Recent data suggest that IRS2 in the central nervous system (CNS) is involved in regulating fuel metabolism as well as memory formation. The present study aims to specifically define the role of chronically increased IRS2-mediated signal transduction in the CNS. We generated transgenic mice overexpressing IRS2 specifically in neurons (nIRS2 (tg)) and analyzed these in respect to energy metabolism, learning, and memory. Western blot (WB) analysis of nIRS2 (tg) brain lysates revealed increased IRS2 downstream signaling. Histopathological investigation of nIRS2 (tg) mice proved unaltered brain development and structure. Interestingly, nIRS2 (tg) mice showed decreased voluntary locomotoric activity during dark phase accompanied with decreased energy expenditure (EE) leading to increased fat mass. Accordingly, nIRS2 (tg) mice develop insulin resistance and glucose intolerance during aging. Exploratory behavior, motor function as well as food and water intake were unchanged in nIRS2 (tg) mice. Surprisingly, increased IRS2-mediated signals did not change spatial working memory in the T-maze task. Since FoxO1 is a key mediator of IRS2-transmitted signals, we additionally generated mice expressing a dominant negative mutant of FoxO1 (FoxO1DN) specifically in neurons. This mutant mimics the effect of increased IRS2 signaling on FoxO-mediated transcription. Interestingly, the phenotype observed in nIRS2 (tg) mice was not present in FoxO1DN mice. Therefore, increased neuronal IRS2 signaling causes decreased locomotoric activity in the presence of unaltered exploratory behavior and motor coordination that might lead to increased fat mass, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance during aging independent of FoxO1-mediated transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Zemva
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Udelhoven
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - L. Moll
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Research Israel—Canada (IMRIC), School of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120 Israel
| | - S. Freude
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - O. Stöhr
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - H. S. Brönneke
- />Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R. B. Drake
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - W. Krone
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M. Schubert
- />Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Li H, Dong H, Li J, Liu H, Liu Z, Li Z. Neuroprotective effect of insulin-like growth factor-1: effects on tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk) expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons with glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in vitro. Brain Res Bull 2013; 97:86-95. [PMID: 23769847 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may play an important role in regulating the expression of distinct tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk) in primary sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Glutamate (Glu) is the main excitatory neurotransmitter and induces neuronal excitotoxicity for primary sensory neurons. It is not known whether IGF-1 influences expression of TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC in DRG neurons with excitotoxicity induced by Glu. In the present study, primary cultured DRG neurons with Glu-induced excitotoxicity were used to determine the effects of IGF-1 on TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC expression. The results showed that IGF-1 increased the expression of TrkA and TrkB and their mRNAs, but not TrkC and its mRNA, in primary cultured DRG neurons with excitotoxicity induced by Glu. Interestingly, neither the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD98059 nor the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 blocked the effect of IGF-1, but both inhibitors together were effective. IGF-1 may play an important role in regulating different Trk receptor expression in DRG neurons through ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. The contribution of distinct Trk receptors might be one of the mechanisms that IGF-1 rescues dying neurons from Glu excitotoxic injury. These data imply that IGF-1 signaling might be a potential target on modifying distinct Trk receptor-mediated biological effects of primary sensory neurons with excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China.
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Alterations in tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk) expression induced by insulin-like growth factor-1 in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res Bull 2013; 90:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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