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Liu X, Yuan Y, Gao W, Luo Y. Longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem, related predictors, and impact on depression among students over a four-year period at college in China. HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 11:615. [DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-03136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
AbstractSelf-esteem plays a crucial role in the psychological development of college students. Based on four-wave longitudinal data, this study empirically investigated the longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem, related predictors, and the impact on depression in a sample of Chinese college students. Piecewise growth mixture modeling was utilized to identify potential self-esteem trajectories. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression models were employed along with the Kruskal‒Wallis test to analyze the factors that influence self-esteem development trajectories and assess variations in depression. The results showed that college students’ self-esteem trajectories can be divided into three categories: slowly decreasing (81.04%), rising then falling (16.94%), and falling then rising (2.02%). Various personal factors (e.g. ethnicity, family residence, self-reported health status, extroversion) and socioeconomic factors (e.g. closeness with classmates, family economic level, family social status, and the mother’s educational level) can influence the classification of students’ self-esteem development trajectories. Moreover, notable differences in depression were observed among students in different self-esteem trajectory groups. The results emphasize the imperative of implementing interventions to enhance self-esteem among college students.
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Karunarathne RAIC. Parents or Peers? (In)congruence Effect of Adolescents' Attachment to Parents and Peers on Self-Esteem. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 19:207-219. [PMID: 37731895 PMCID: PMC10508205 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Building on the attachment theory and extending prior research that has hinted strongly at the important influence of social relationships on self-esteem, this study examined the simultaneous effect of adolescents' attachment to parents and peers on self-esteem. To test our hypotheses, we collected data from a sample of 267 adolescents. We used polynomial regression coupled with response surface analysis to assess the (in)congruence effect of adolescents' attachment to parents and peers on self-esteem. The results of polynomial regression analysis show that the congruence effect of attachment to parents and peers did not relate to adolescent self-esteem. However, self-esteem is high when attachment to both parents and peers is at a high level rather than a low level. Moreover, results show that attachment to parents is more significant than attachment to peers in developing adolescents' self-esteem. Interpretation of findings and theoretical contribution of congruence perspective to attachment theory and self-esteem literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotumba A. I. C. Karunarathne
- Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Dalugama, Sri Lanka
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Kim J, Moon K, Kim S, Kim H, Ko YG. The relationship between mental representations of self and social evaluation: Examining the validity and usefulness of visual proxies of self-image. Front Psychol 2023; 13:937905. [PMID: 36710754 PMCID: PMC9878293 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Reverse correlation (RC) method has been recently used to visualize mental representations of self. Previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between psychological aspects measured by self-reports and classification images of self (self-CIs), which are visual proxies of self-image generated through the RC method. In Experiment 1 (N = 118), to extend the validity of self-CIs, we employed social evaluation on top of self-reports as criterion variables and examined the relationship between self-CIs and social evaluation provided by clinical psychologists. Experiment 1 revealed that the valence ratings of self-CIs evaluated by independent raters predicted social evaluation after controlling for the effects of self-reported self-esteem and extraversion. Furthermore, in Experiment 2 (N = 127), we examined whether a computational scoring method - a method to assess self-CIs without employing independent raters - could be applied to evaluate the valence of participants' self-CIs. Experiment 2 found that the computational scores of self-CIs were comparable to independent valence ratings of self-CIs. We provide evidence that self-CIs can add independent information to self-reports in predicting social evaluation. We also suggest that the computational scoring method can complement the independent rating process of self-CIs. Overall, our findings reveal that self-CIs are a valid and useful tool to examine self-image more profoundly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kibum Moon
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hackjin Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-gun Ko
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Young-gun Ko, ✉
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Cameron JJ, Chee K, MacGregor JCD. Impressions of self-esteem influence impressions of close others and predictions for hypothetical events. SELF AND IDENTITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2164346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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5
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When a man sounds like a woman: The consequences of puberphonia for perceived romantic desirability and attractiveness for relationships. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Dufner M, Denissen J, Sedikides C, Van Zalk M, Meeus WHJ, van Aken M. Are Actual and Perceived Intellectual Self–enhancers Evaluated Differently by Social Perceivers? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Do actual and perceived self–enhancement entail differing social impressions (i.e. interpersonal evaluations)? Actual self–enhancement represents unduly positive self–views, as gauged by an objective criterion (in this case, IQ scores), whereas perceived self–enhancement involves the extent to which an individual is seen by informants (i.e. peers or observers) as self–enhancing. In an online survey (N = 337), a laboratory experiment (N = 75), and a round–robin study (N = 183), we tested the effects of actual and perceived intellectual self–enhancement on (informant–rated) emotional stability, social attractiveness, and social influence. Actual self–enhancers were rated as emotionally stable, socially attractive, and socially influential. High perceived self–enhancers were judged as socially influential, whereas low–to–moderate perceived self–enhancers were deemed emotionally stable and socially attractive. Privately entertained, illusory positive (even extreme) self–beliefs confer social benefits, whereas being perceived as self–enhancing buys social influence at the cost of being despised. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dufner
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Maarten Van Zalk
- Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H. J. Meeus
- Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel van Aken
- Department of Psychology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Fernández-Zabala A, Ramos-Díaz E, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Núñez JL. Sociometric Popularity, Perceived Peer Support, and Self-Concept in Adolescence. Front Psychol 2020; 11:594007. [PMID: 33324296 PMCID: PMC7726329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.594007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the role that peer support plays in the incidence relationships between sociometric popularity and general self-concept based on sociometer theory. A total of 676 randomly selected secondary school students from the Basque Country (49.6% boys and 50.4% girls) between 12 and 18 years of age (M = 14.32, DT = 1.36) participated voluntarily. All of them completed a sociometric questionnaire (SOCIOMET), the Family and Friends Support Questionnaire (AFA-R), and the Dimensional Self-concept Questionnaire (AUDIM-33). Several models of structural equations were tested. The results indicate that sociometric popularity is linked to self-concept through the perceived social support of peers. These results are discussed within the framework of positive psychology and its practical implications in the school context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Fernández-Zabala
- Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, Education and Sport Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Ramos-Díaz
- Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, Education and Sport Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Arantzazu Rodríguez-Fernández
- Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, Education and Sport Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Juan L Núñez
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Social Work, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A, Besser Y. The Negative Consequences of Stuttering for Perceptions of Leadership Ability. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to extend previous research concerning the negative perceptions of stuttering by considering the perceived leadership ability of targets who stuttered compared with targets who did not stutter. We were also interested in the possibility that negative perceptions of the targets (i.e., low levels of self-esteem, intelligence, dominance-based status motivation, and prestige-based status motivation) would mediate the association between stuttering and a lack of perceived leadership ability as well as the possibility that manipulating the ostensible self-esteem level of the target would further moderate these associations. The results for 838 Israeli community members revealed a negative association between stuttering and perceived leadership ability that was mediated by the perceived self-esteem level and dominance-based status motivation of the target. Further, the associations between stuttering and perceptions of leadership ability were moderated by the ostensible self-esteem level of the target. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results for understanding the negative halo that surrounds stuttering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avi Besser
- Department of Communication Disorders, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Besser
- Department of Communication Disorders, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
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Marigold DC, Cavallo JV, Hirniak A. Subjective perception or objective reality? How recipients’ self-esteem influences perceived and actual provider responsiveness in support contexts. SELF AND IDENTITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2019.1652681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin V. Cavallo
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Alexandra Hirniak
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
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10
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser Y, Besser A. A negative halo effect for stuttering? The consequences of stuttering for romantic desirability are mediated by perceptions of personality traits, self-esteem, and intelligence. SELF AND IDENTITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2019.1645729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuval Besser
- Interdisciplinary School for Sciences, Health and Society, Department of Communication Disorders, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi Besser
- Center for Research in Personality, Life Transitions, and Stressful Life Events, Sapir Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
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11
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Partner self-esteem and interpersonal risk: Rejection from a low self-esteem partner constrains connection and increases depletion. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Giacomin M, Jordan CH. Misperceiving grandiose narcissism as self-esteem: Why narcissists are well liked at zero acquaintance. J Pers 2018; 87:827-842. [PMID: 30320405 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examine why people form positive first impressions of grandiose narcissists, even though they can identify others' narcissism. We test whether this occurs because narcissists are perceived to have especially high self-esteem, which is socially valued. METHOD Across four studies, undergraduate perceivers viewed photographs of targets (for whom narcissism and self-esteem were known) and rated perceptions of their narcissism and self-esteem, as well as how much they liked them. RESULTS Perceivers rated more narcissistic targets to be higher in self-esteem (even compared to targets with equally high self-esteem) and liked them more. Perceptions of self-esteem, moreover, mediated the effect of target narcissism on liking (Study 1). This effect disappeared when targets' narcissism was made salient, suggesting that trait narcissism is not inherently attractive (Study 2). Finally, path models revealed a negative effect of perceptions of narcissism on liking that was suppressed by a positive effect of perceptions of self-esteem on liking (Study 3a), even for ratings of people's online dating profiles (Study 3b). CONCLUSIONS Positive initial impressions of narcissists may be driven by inflated perceptions that they have high self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Giacomin
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian H Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Luan Z, Poorthuis AMG, Hutteman R, Denissen JJA, Asendorpf JB, van Aken MAG. Unique predictive power of other-rated personality: An 18-year longitudinal study. J Pers 2018; 87:532-545. [PMID: 30120776 PMCID: PMC7379997 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE What is gained by having others report on one's personality? Research on adult samples has suggested that informant reports are especially informative regarding traits that are highly visible and evaluative (i.e., socially desirable/undesirable instead of neutral), such as Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness. This 18-year longitudinal study aims to demonstrate the unique predictive power of other-rated personality in adolescence, using life outcomes and personality in adulthood as trait criteria. METHOD We examined the unique predictive power of self- and other-rated Big Five personality traits at age 12 and 17 on self-rated life outcomes and personality at age 29 (e.g., educational achievement, work income, depression, moral transgressions, and relationship satisfaction). Participants were 186 German adolescents (53% boys), their parents and friends at age 12, and their mothers and fathers at age 17. RESULTS Other-ratings showed unique predictive power beyond self-ratings for all Big Five traits, with the most consistent results for Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate the added value of including other-reports on adolescent personality when predicting future life outcomes and personality, especially for highly visible and evaluative traits. The present study sheds light on the predictive power of self- versus other-rated personality and personality-outcome associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Luan
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid M G Poorthuis
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roos Hutteman
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap J A Denissen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marcel A G van Aken
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Dufner M, Gebauer JE, Sedikides C, Denissen JJA. Self-Enhancement and Psychological Adjustment: A Meta-Analytic Review. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2018. [PMID: 29534642 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318756467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article advances the debate about costs and benefits of self-enhancement (the tendency to maintain unrealistically positive self-views) with a comprehensive meta-analytic review (299 samples, N = 126,916). The review considers relations between self-enhancement and personal adjustment (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, depression), and between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment (informant reports of domain-general social valuation, agency, communion). Self-enhancement was positively related to personal adjustment, and this relation was robust across sex, age, cohort, and culture. Important from a causal perspective, self-enhancement had a positive longitudinal effect on personal adjustment. The relation between self-enhancement and interpersonal adjustment was nuanced. Self-enhancement was positively related to domain-general social valuation at 0, but not long, acquaintance. Communal self-enhancement was positively linked to informant judgments of communion, whereas agentic self-enhancement was linked positively to agency but negatively to communion. Overall, the results suggest that self-enhancement is beneficial for personal adjustment but a mixed blessing for interpersonal adjustment.
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Cameron JJ, Granger S. Does Self-Esteem Have an Interpersonal Imprint Beyond Self-Reports? A Meta-Analysis of Self-Esteem and Objective Interpersonal Indicators. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2018; 23:73-102. [PMID: 29482451 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318756532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-esteem promises to serve as the nexus of social experiences ranging from social acceptance, interpersonal traits, interpersonal behavior, relationship quality, and relationship stability. Yet previous researchers have questioned the utility of self-esteem for understanding relational outcomes. To examine the importance of self-esteem for understanding interpersonal experiences, we conducted systematic meta-analyses on the association between trait self-esteem and five types of interpersonal indicators. To ensure our results were not due to self-esteem biases in perception, we focused our meta-analyses to 196 samples totaling 121,300 participants wherein researchers assessed interpersonal indicators via outsider reports. Results revealed that the association between self-esteem and the majority of objective interpersonal indicators was small to moderate, lowest for specific and distal outcomes, and moderated by social risk. Importantly, a subset of longitudinal studies suggests that self-esteem predicts later interpersonal experience. Our results should encourage researchers to further explore the link between self-esteem and one's interpersonal world.
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Cavallo JV, Hirniak A. No Assistance Desired: How Perceptions of Others’ Self-Esteem Affect Support-Seeking. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550617732394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Seeking social support from close others often instantiates effective support transactions that foster coping with negative events. However, people often do not solicit the support they require. The present research expands on this phenomenon by examining how perceptions of providers’ self-esteem influences support recipients’ willingness to seek help in times of need. Across five correlational, experimental, and dyadic investigations, we found that people were less willing to seek support from providers who they perceived to be lower (vs. higher) in self-esteem. Moreover, this effect was mediated by perceptions of efficacy in all studies, revealing that perceptions of providers’ self-worth affect the extent that recipients view them as capable and thus are willing to turn to them for help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin V. Cavallo
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Hirniak
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Zeigler-Hill V, Dahlen ER, Madson MB. Self-Esteem and Alcohol Use: Implications for Aggressive Behavior. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Hirschmüller S, Schmukle SC, Krause S, Back MD, Egloff B. Accuracy of Self-Esteem Judgments at Zero Acquaintance. J Pers 2017; 86:308-319. [PMID: 28317118 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceptions of strangers' self-esteem can have wide-ranging interpersonal consequences. Aiming to reconcile inconsistent results from previous research that had predominantly suggested that self-esteem is a trait that can hardly be accurately judged at zero acquaintance, we examined unaquainted others' accuracy in inferring individuals' actual self-esteem. METHOD Ninety-nine target participants (77 female; Mage = 23.5 years) were videotaped in a self-introductory situation, and self-esteem self-reports and reports by well-known informants were obtained as separate accuracy criteria. Forty unacquainted observers judged targets' self-esteem on the basis of these short video sequences (M = 23s, SD = 7.7). RESULTS Results showed that both self-reported (r = .31, p = .002) and informant-reported self-esteem (r = .21, p = .040) of targets could be inferred by strangers. The degree of accuracy in self-esteem judgments could be explained with lens model analyses: Self- and informant-reported self-esteem predicted nonverbal and vocal friendliness, both of which predicted self-esteem judgments by observers. In addition, observers' accuracy in inferring informant-reported self-esteem was mediated by the utilization of targets' physical attractiveness. Besides using valid behavioral information to infer strangers' self-esteem, observers inappropriately relied on invalid behavioral information reflecting nonverbal, vocal, and verbal self-assuredness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that strangers can quite accurately detect individuals' self-reported and informant-reported self-esteem when targets are observed in a public self-presentational situation.
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Czarna AZ, Leifeld P, Śmieja M, Dufner M, Salovey P. Do Narcissism and Emotional Intelligence Win Us Friends? Modeling Dynamics of Peer Popularity Using Inferential Network Analysis. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2016; 42:1588-1599. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167216666265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated effects of narcissism and emotional intelligence (EI) on popularity in social networks. In a longitudinal field study, we examined the dynamics of popularity in 15 peer groups in two waves ( N = 273). We measured narcissism, ability EI, and explicit and implicit self-esteem. In addition, we measured popularity at zero acquaintance and 3 months later. We analyzed the data using inferential network analysis (temporal exponential random graph modeling, TERGM) accounting for self-organizing network forces. People high in narcissism were popular, but increased less in popularity over time than people lower in narcissism. In contrast, emotionally intelligent people increased more in popularity over time than less emotionally intelligent people. The effects held when we controlled for explicit and implicit self-esteem. These results suggest that narcissism is rather disadvantageous and that EI is rather advantageous for long-term popularity.
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Giacomin M, Jordan CH. How implicit self-esteem influences perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance. SELF AND IDENTITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2016.1183516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A, Vrabel J, Noser AE. Would you like fries with that? The roles of servers’ personality traits and job performance in the tipping behavior of customers. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Stinson DA, Cameron JJ, Huang ET. Your Sociometer Is Telling You Something: How the Self-Esteem System Functions to Resolve Important Interpersonal Dilemmas. EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12697-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Zeigler-Hill V, Holden CJ, Enjaian B, Southard AC, Besser A, Li H, Zhang Q. Self-Esteem Instability and Personality. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2014; 41:183-98. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167214559719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Relatively few studies have focused on the connections between self-esteem and basic personality dimensions. The purpose of the present studies was to examine whether self-esteem level and self-esteem instability were associated with the Big Five personality dimensions and whether self-esteem instability moderated the associations that self-esteem level had with these personality features. This was accomplished by conducting a series of studies that included samples from the United States, Israel, and China. Across these studies, self-esteem level was associated with high levels of extraversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness, whereas self-esteem instability was associated with low levels of emotional stability, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Individuals with stable high self-esteem reported the highest levels of emotional stability, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, whereas those with stable low self-esteem had the lowest levels of openness. The results of these studies suggest that feelings of self-worth are associated with self-reported and perceived personality features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Avi Besser
- Sapir Academic College, D.N. Hof Ashkelon, Israel
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Dufner M, Reitz AK, Zander L. Antecedents, Consequences, and Mechanisms: On the Longitudinal Interplay Between Academic Self-Enhancement and Psychological Adjustment. J Pers 2014; 83:511-22. [DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vaughan J, Zeigler-Hill V, Arnau RC. Self-esteem instability and humor styles: does the stability of self-esteem influence how people use humor? The Journal of Social Psychology 2014; 154:299-310. [PMID: 25154114 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2014.896773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine whether self-esteem instability moderated the association between self-esteem level and the use of humor. This was accomplished by examining the associations that humor styles had with self-esteem level and self-esteem instability among 499 undergraduates. The results of the present study show that self-esteem instability moderated the association between self-esteem level and humor styles such that individuals with stable high self-esteem reported the highest levels of affiliative humor as well as the lowest levels of aggressive and self-defeating humor. These results suggest that individuals with stable and unstable forms of self-esteem employ different styles of humor.
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Hu J, Ai H. Self-esteem mediates the effect of the parent–adolescent relationship on depression. J Health Psychol 2014; 21:897-904. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105314541315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a trend of rapid growth in both the level and occurrence of depression when people reach adolescence. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the parent–adolescent relationship on depression in adolescents, and mainly focused on the confirmation of the mediator role of self-esteem. A total of 364 senior middle school students accomplished the Parent–Adolescent Relationship Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. The results suggested that both parent–adolescent relationship and self-esteem were significantly correlated with depression. Structural equation modeling indicated that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between parent–adolescent relationship and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Hu
- The Affiliated Party School of CPC Guangxi, China
| | - Hongshan Ai
- Hunan University, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Resource-Conserving & Environment-Friendly Society and Ecological Civilization, China
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