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Alessandrello C, Sanfilippo S, Minciullo PL, Gangemi S. An Overview on Atopic Dermatitis, Oxidative Stress, and Psychological Stress: Possible Role of Nutraceuticals as an Additional Therapeutic Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5020. [PMID: 38732239 PMCID: PMC11084351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a considerable impact on patients' quality of life. Its etiology is multifactorial and, among the predisposing factors, a role is played by oxidative stress. Pollution, recurrent infections, and psychological stress contribute to oxidative stress, amplifying the production of proinflammatory cytokines and worsening barrier damage. There are various oxidative stress mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Moreover, AD often appears to be associated with psychological disorders such as alexithymia, depression, and anxiety due to severe itching and related insomnia, as well as social distress and isolation. The increasing incidence of AD requires the evaluation of additional therapeutic approaches in order to reduce the psychological burden of this condition. Our review aims to evaluate the role of some nutraceuticals in AD treatment and its related psychological comorbidities. The combination of some natural compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes, isothiocyanates) with traditional AD treatments might be useful in improving the effectiveness of therapy, by reducing chronic inflammation and preventing flare-ups, and in promoting corticosteroid sparing. In addition, some of these nutraceuticals also appear to have a role in the treatment of psychological disorders, although the underlying oxidative stress mechanisms are different from those already known for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paola L. Minciullo
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (S.G.)
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Raimondo A, Balestrino A, Ligrone L, Lembo S. Dupilumab therapy reduces urinary biopyrrin levels in atopic patients: a new possible biomarker of oxidative status in atopic dermatitis. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:50-54. [PMID: 38127318 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the inflammatory process of atopic dermatitis (AD). Biopyrrins are the end products of the oxidative reaction of bilirubin with reactive oxygen species. The aim of our study was to explore the correlation between urinary biopyrrin levels and AD severity as well as to assess the possible modification of them in AD patients during biologic therapy with human monoclonal antibody dupilumab. METHODS For this purpose, 25 adult patients with moderate-severe AD who were candidates for dupilumab therapy independently from the study, and 15 healthy control subjects, matched by sex and age, were enrolled. Morning urine samples were collected from all study participants. For AD patients, a collection was planned before starting therapy with dupilumab (WO), after 8, 16, 52 weeks (W8, W16, W52, respectively), and two years (Y2) of treatment. The analysis of urinary levels of biopyrrins was performed by ELISA assay. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that urinary biopyrrin levels were significantly augmented in AD patients, and interestingly they correlated with disease severity. Furthermore, dupilumab therapy decreased levels of urinary biopyrrins in AD patients after eight and 16 weeks, maintaining the result after 52 weeks as well as after two years of treatment. The correlation analysis showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the urinary concentration of biopyrrins and EASI Index, circulating total IgE as well as plasma C reactive protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab therapy was able to ameliorate oxidative state in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Raimondo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy -
| | - Alessia Balestrino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luigi Ligrone
- Unit of Dermatology, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - Serena Lembo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Raimondo A, Serio B, Lembo S. Oxidative Stress in Atopic Dermatitis and Possible Biomarkers: Present and Future. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:657-660. [PMID: 38371532 PMCID: PMC10868981 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_878_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is important in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD); it can damage keratinocytes, increase dermal inflammation, and reduce skin barrier function, the hallmarks of atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. Measuring oxidative stress is possible by identifying peripheral markers, which could have a predictive value of disease severity, disease progression and response to therapy, with a potentially significant impact on patient management. Our review explored this fascinating field of research, focusing on old and new possible biomarkers that may represent an effective tool to investigate the inflammatory-oxidative axis in AD, adding clinically important information to patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Raimondo
- From the Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Bianca Serio
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy
| | - Serena Lembo
- From the Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Cordiano R, Di Gioacchino M, Mangifesta R, Panzera C, Gangemi S, Minciullo PL. Malondialdehyde as a Potential Oxidative Stress Marker for Allergy-Oriented Diseases: An Update. Molecules 2023; 28:5979. [PMID: 37630231 PMCID: PMC10457993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a compound that is derived from the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has been used as a biomarker to measure oxidative stress in various biological samples in patients who are affected by a wide range of diseases. The aim of our work is to provide an updated overview of the role of MDA as a marker of oxidative stress in allergy-related diseases. We considered studies involving both paediatric and adult patients affected by rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and atopic dermatitis. The measurement of MDA was performed on different types of samples. The reported data highlight the role of serum MDA in inflammatory airway diseases. According to the literature review, the oxidative stress status in asthmatic patients, assessed via MDA determination, appears to worsen in the presence of other allergic airway diseases and in relation to the disease severity. This suggests that MDA can be a suitable marker for monitoring the disease status. However, there are several limitations in the considered studies due to the different samples used and the lack of phenotyping and description of the clinical period of patients examined. In cutaneous allergic diseases, the role of MDA is controversial because of the smallness of the studies and the heterogeneity of the samples and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cordiano
- Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (C.P.); (S.G.); (P.L.M.)
| | - Mario Di Gioacchino
- Center of Advanced Science and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- YDA—Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, 65121 Pescara, Italy
| | - Rocco Mangifesta
- Center of Advanced Science and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Claudia Panzera
- Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (C.P.); (S.G.); (P.L.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (C.P.); (S.G.); (P.L.M.)
| | - Paola Lucia Minciullo
- Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (C.P.); (S.G.); (P.L.M.)
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Liu HM, Cheng MY, Xun MH, Zhao ZW, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng J, Ni J, Wang W. Possible Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043755. [PMID: 36835162 PMCID: PMC9962998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the greatest defense organ of the body, the skin is exposed to endogenous and external stressors that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the antioxidant system of the body fails to eliminate ROS, oxidative stress is initiated, which results in skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. Two main possible mechanisms underlie oxidative stress-induced skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. One mechanism is that ROS directly degrade biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipids, that are essential for cell metabolism, survival, and genetics. Another one is that ROS mediate signaling pathways, such as MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Nrf2, and SIRT1/FOXO, affecting cytokine release and enzyme expression. As natural antioxidants, plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit a therapeutic potential. We here discuss in detail the therapeutic potential of selected polyphenolic compounds and outline relevant molecular targets. Polyphenols selected here for study according to their structural classification include curcumin, catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, ellagic acid, and procyanidins. Finally, the latest delivery of plant polyphenols to the skin (taking curcumin as an example) and the current status of clinical research are summarized, providing a theoretical foundation for future clinical research and the generation of new pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Meng-Han Xun
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jia Ni
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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Saleh MA, Rateb MH, Abd-Allah EA, Mohamed GAE. Circulating redox status in sheep naturally infected with Trichophyton verrucosum. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:288. [PMID: 36087151 PMCID: PMC9464168 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trichophyton verrucosum is a zoophilic dermatophyte that causes skin inflammation. The present study aimed to evaluate the redox status in the blood of sheep clinically infected with T. verrucosum. According to clinical and mycological investigations, 48 juvenile male Balady sheep were selected in their natural habitat and divided into four groups depending on the lesion size: mild (MID), moderate (MOD), severe (SEV) T. verrucosum infection, and healthy control groups. Compared to the controls, plasma superoxide anion increased (P < 0.05) in both MOD and SEV but total peroxides (TPx) gradually increased (P < 0.05) in MID followed by MOD and SEV. Superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were higher (P < 0.05) in MID and lower (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV than in controls, but SEV showed lower TAC than MOD. Malondialdehyde (MDA, a lipid peroxide marker) increased (P < 0.05) in SEV than in controls, but protein carbonyl (PC, a protein peroxidation marker) was augmented (P < 0.05) as lesions progressed from mild to severe. The oxidative stress index (TPx/TAC ratio) progressively increased (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV. The correlation of PC was positive with TPx and negative with TAC (P < 0.01). In conclusion, sheep infection with T. verrucosum is characterized by increased TPx and decreased TAC in plasma depending on the lesion area. The redox status is shifted towards the oxidizing state, particularly in MOD and SEV cases. This results in a condition of OS, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Saleh
- Biochemistry Unit, Regional Animal Health Research Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - M H Rateb
- Biochemistry Unit, Regional Animal Health Research Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Elham A Abd-Allah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharga, 725211, Egypt
| | - Ghada A E Mohamed
- Biochemistry Unit, Regional Animal Health Research Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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Gao JF, Tang L, Luo F, Zhang YY, Chen L, Ding H, Meng ZD. Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by blocking activation of ROS-mediated JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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The Double-Edged Sword of Oxidative Stress in Skin Damage and Melanoma: From Physiopathology to Therapeutical Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040612. [PMID: 35453297 PMCID: PMC9027913 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is constantly exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An adequate balance between ROS levels and antioxidant defenses is necessary for the optimal cell and tissue functions, especially for the skin, since it must face additional ROS sources that do not affect other tissues, including UV radiation. Melanocytes are more exposed to oxidative stress than other cells, also due to the melanin production process, which itself contributes to generating ROS. There is an increasing amount of evidence that oxidative stress may play a role in many skin diseases, including melanoma, being the primary cause or being a cofactor that aggravates the primary condition. Indeed, oxidative stress is emerging as another major force involved in all the phases of melanoma development, not only in the arising of the malignancy but also in the progression toward the metastatic phenotype. Furthermore, oxidative stress seems to play a role also in chemoresistance and thus has become a target for therapy. In this review, we discuss the existing knowledge on oxidative stress in the skin, examining sources and defenses, giving particular consideration to melanocytes. Therefore, we focus on the significance of oxidative stress in melanoma, thus analyzing the possibility to exploit the induction of oxidative stress as a therapeutic strategy to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic management of melanoma.
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Hwang J, Newton EM, Hsiao J, Shi VY. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (AHR/NRF2) Signaling: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Atopic Dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:485-497. [PMID: 35174548 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) modulation are emerging as novel targets in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin disorders. Agonist activation of this pathway has downstream effects on epidermal barrier function, immunomodulation, oxidative stress reduction, and cutaneous microbiome modulation. Tapinarof, a dual agonist of the AHR/NRF2 signaling pathway, has shown promise in phase 2 trials for atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the AHR/NRF2 pathway and implications in skin disease process. We also review the therapeutic potential of current AHR agonists and propose future directions to address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonwei Hwang
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, 808 S. Wood St. - 380 CME, Chicago, IL, 60612-7307, USA
| | - Edita M Newton
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
| | - Jennifer Hsiao
- University of Southern California, Department of Dermatology, Ezralow Tower, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Suite 5301, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
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Dobrică EC, Cozma MA, Găman MA, Voiculescu VM, Găman AM. The Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020282. [PMID: 35204165 PMCID: PMC8868066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the appearance of erythematous plaques, covered by white scales, occasionally pruritogenic, and distributed mainly on the extensor areas. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance or a transient or chronic increase in the levels of free oxygen/nitrogen radicals, either as a result of the exaggerated elevation in their production or the decrease in their ability to be eliminated by antioxidant systems. Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains far from elucidated, there are studies that delineate an involvement of oxidative stress in this skin disorder. Thus, a systematic search was computed in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and SCOPUS and, in total, 1293 potentially eligible articles exploring this research question were detected. Following the removal of duplicates and the exclusion of irrelevant manuscripts based on the screening of their titles and abstracts (n = 995), 298 original articles were selected for full-text review. Finally, after we applied the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 79 original articles were included in this systematic review. Overall, the data analyzed in this systematic review point out that oxidative stress markers are elevated in psoriasis and share an association with the duration and severity of the disease. The concentrations of these biomarkers are impacted on by anti-psoriasis therapy. In addition, the crosstalk between psoriasis and oxidative stress is influenced by several polymorphisms that arise in genes encoding markers or enzymes related to the redox balance. Although the involvement of oxidative stress in psoriasis remains undisputable, future research is needed to explore the utility of assessing circulating serum, plasma, urinary and/or skin biomarkers of oxidative stress and of studying polymorphisms in genes regulating the redox balance, as well as how can these findings be translated into the management of psoriasis, as well in understanding its pathogenesis and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Codruța Dobrică
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, “Elias” University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: or (E.-C.D.); (V.-M.V.)
| | - Matei-Alexandru Cozma
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad-Mihai Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Elias” University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Correspondence: or (E.-C.D.); (V.-M.V.)
| | - Amelia Maria Găman
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; or
- Clinic of Hematology, Filantropia City Hospital, 200143 Craiova, Romania
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Nakai K, Tsuruta D. What Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Free Radicals, and Oxidative Stress in Skin Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910799. [PMID: 34639139 PMCID: PMC8509443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen in the atmosphere is a crucial component for life-sustaining aerobic respiration in humans. Approximately 95% of oxygen is consumed as energy and ultimately becomes water; however, the remaining 5% produces metabolites called activated oxygen or reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are extremely reactive. Skin, the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to air pollutants, including diesel exhaust fumes, ultraviolet rays, food, xenobiotics, drugs, and cosmetics, which promote the production of ROS. ROS exacerbate skin aging and inflammation, but also function as regulators of homeostasis in the human body, including epidermal keratinocyte proliferation. Although ROS have been implicated in various skin diseases, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Current knowledge on ROS-related and oxidative stress-related skin diseases from basic research to clinical treatment strategies are discussed herein. This information may be applied to the future treatment of skin diseases through the individual targeting of the ROS generated in each case via their inhibition, capture, or regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Nakai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6645-3826; Fax: +81-6-6645-3828
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder with varying phenotypes. Although AD has long been associated with barrier dysfunction, the pathogenesis of this disease is more complex, involving many molecular markers in different functional domains. Biomarkers can be helpful in different ways, including predicting prognosis, measuring treatment response, and gauging disease severity. With the advent of targeted immunomodulators, biomarkers have the potential to take on new significance in terms of selecting appropriate therapies for patients. In this review, we have summarized the key findings related to biomarkers and AD, including the specific subtype differences. Clinicians will use this information to better understand the potential of biomarkers in AD and have a guide because more specific treatments are developed that are tailored toward individual molecular profiles.
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Tosti A, Schwartz J. Role of Scalp Health in Achieving Optimal Hair Growth and Retention. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 43 Suppl 1:S1-S8. [PMID: 33932025 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have conducted a thorough review of the literature to assess the evidence for supporting a cause-and-effect linkage between scalp condition and resultant hair condition. Over 20 epidemiological studies have been published covering a wide range of abnormal scalp conditions in which consequent impacts to the hair have been documented. A treatment study was conducted to demonstrate not only that impaired scalp condition led to impaired hair quality but that the impacts to hair are reversible upon normalization of the scalp condition. A proposed explanation involves the impact of scalp oxidative stress, which is part of the etiology of these scalp conditions as well as normal aging, in interfering with the normal keratinization of the pre-emergent hair cuticle. This perturbed cuticle impedes normal fiber anchorage and emerges more brittle and fragile than normal cuticle leading to accelerated physical degradation, mirroring the effects of chronological aging of the hair fiber. The consequences of the rapid cuticle degradation result in hair that is more vulnerable to mechanical insults and compromised overall quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tosti
- Fredric Brandt Endowed Professor, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, USA
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Oxidative Stress and Alterations of Paraoxonases in Atopic Dermatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050697. [PMID: 33925093 PMCID: PMC8144960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: previous studies reported the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in children affected by atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Methods: levels of lipid hydroperoxides, total antioxidant capacity, and activities of the enzymes myeloperoxidase (MPO), PON1, and PON2/3 were investigated in 56 atopic pediatric patients, and compared with 48 sex-/age-matched healthy controls. Results: significantly higher levels of lipid hydroperoxides and lower values of total antioxidant potential were observed in the serum of AD children compared to that of the controls. Significant lower PON1 activities, and a significant increase in levels of MPO were observed in serum of patients, with a higher serum MPO level/PON1 paraoxonase activity ratio in patients compared to that in the controls. Significantly lower lactonase activity of PON enzymes was observed in polymorphonuclear cells isolated from AD patients. Statistically negative correlation was established between the activity of intracellular PON2/3 activity and ROS levels. Conclusions: our data confirmed that AD is associated with higher oxidative damage and a decrease in antioxidant defense. Moreover, alterations of extracellular and intracellular PON activity can promote lipoprotein dysfunction in AD patients.
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Baumann R, Untersmayr E, Zissler UM, Eyerich S, Adcock IM, Brockow K, Biedermann T, Ollert M, Chaker AM, Pfaar O, Garn H, Thwaites RS, Togias A, Kowalski ML, Hansel TT, Jakwerth CA, Schmidt‐Weber CB. Noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques for the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases. Allergy 2021; 76:1010-1023. [PMID: 33128851 DOI: 10.1111/all.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases of the (upper and lower) airways, the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, are on the rise, resulting in impaired quality of life, decreased productivity, and increased healthcare costs. As allergic diseases are mostly tissue-specific, local sampling methods for respective biomarkers offer the potential for increased sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, local sampling using noninvasive or minimally invasive methods can be cost-effective and well tolerated, which may even be suitable for primary or home care sampling. Non- or minimally invasive local sampling and diagnostics may enable a more thorough endotyping, may help to avoid under- or overdiagnosis, and may provide the possibility to approach precision prevention, due to early diagnosis of these local diseases even before they get systemically manifested and detectable. At the same time, dried blood samples may help to facilitate minimal-invasive primary or home care sampling for classical systemic diagnostic approaches. This EAACI position paper contains a thorough review of the various technologies in allergy diagnosis available on the market, which analytes or biomarkers are employed, and which samples or matrices can be used. Based on this assessment, EAACI position is to drive these developments to efficiently identify allergy and possibly later also viral epidemics and take advantage of comprehensive knowledge to initiate preventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Baumann
- Medical Faculty Institute for Molecular Medicine Medical School Hamburg (MSH) – Medical University Hamburg Germany
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine Aachen Germany
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein School of Medicine Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein School of Medicine Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis (ORCA) University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Adam M. Chaker
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology Allergy Section Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Marburg Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Holger Garn
- Biochemical Pharmacological Center (BPC) ‐ Molecular Diagnostics, Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics Philipps University of Marburg ‐ Medical Faculty Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC) Marburg Germany
| | - Ryan S. Thwaites
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Alkis Togias
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Marek L. Kowalski
- Department of Immunology and Allergy Medical University of Lodz Lodz Poland
| | - Trevor T. Hansel
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Constanze A. Jakwerth
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt‐Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
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Parekh K, Mehta TA, Dhas N, Kumar P, Popat A. Emerging Nanomedicines for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:55. [PMID: 33486609 PMCID: PMC7828097 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence of Atopic dermatitis (AD) is significantly increasing and affecting around 20% of population including children. Complex interactions amongst abnormality in epidermal barrier function, environment, infectious agents and immunological defects are considered as key factors in the pathogenesis of AD. Although the role of oxidative stress has been studied in some skin diseases, investigation of the same in AD is intermittent. Calcineurin inhibitors and/or topical corticosteroids are currently available; however, it causes atrophy of the skin, burning sensation, and systemic side effects which leads to poor patient compliance. These limitations provoke the strong need to develop an innovative approach in managing AD. Nanomaterials for effective drug delivery to skin conditions such as AD have attracted a lot of attention owing to its ability to encapsulate, protect, and release the cargo at the diseased skin site. However, there are lots of unmet challenges especially in terms of development of non-toxic formulations and clinical translation of established nanomedicines in the form of accessible products. Numerous formulations have emerged as carrier for poorly soluble and permeable drugs, viz., lipidic, polymeric, metal, silica, liposomes, hydrocarbon gels and this field is evolving. This review is intended to provide an insight incidences associated with pathophysiology of AD and challenges with existing treatments of AD. Focus is kept on reviewing current development and emerging nanomedicines for effective treatment of AD. The review also inculcates merits of several nanomedicines in overcoming challenges of existing products and its future implications.
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17
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Emmert H, Fonfara M, Rodriguez E, Weidinger S. NADPH oxidase inhibition rescues keratinocytes from elevated oxidative stress in a 2D atopic dermatitis and psoriasis model. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:749-758. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Melina Fonfara
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
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18
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Karacan G, Ercan N, Bostanci I, Alisik M, Erel O. A novel oxidative stress marker of atopic dermatitis in infants: thiol-disulfide balance. Arch Dermatol Res 2020; 312:697-703. [PMID: 32162083 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease of infancy and its pathogenesis remains unclear. There are recent studies suggesting that oxidative stress could play a role in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate thiol (SH)-disulfide (SS) hemostasis as a new marker of oxidative stress (OS) in infants with atopic dermatitis. Thirty-one infants with AD and 30 healthy infants were included in a prospective, cross-sectional study. PO-SCORAD Index of infants with atopic dermatitis was calculated at the time of sample collection. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), native thiol (-SH), total thiol (-SH + -S-S-), and disulfide (SS) were measured in the control and patient groups. SS/SH, SS/total SH, SH/total SH ratios were compared between the groups. Mean native thiol and total thiol concentrations of the patient group were lower than the control group (p = 0.012; 0.047). The mean disulfide concentration of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.025). SS/SH, SS/total SH, and SH/total SH ratios were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the duration of the breasting of the patients and thiol concentrations (p = 0.000). In our study, we found increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defense mechanisms in infants with AD. Dynamic thiol-disulfide balance in the patient group was weakened and the balance shifted towards the oxidative side. These results may shed light on etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and be useful in the development of new therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulin Karacan
- Department of Child Health and Diseases, Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06080, Turkey
| | - Nazli Ercan
- Department of Child Health and Diseases, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Health Sciences University, Gülhane Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06010, Turkey.
| | - Ilknur Bostanci
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, 06080, Turkey
| | - Murat Alisik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Health Sciences University, Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
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Bertino L, Guarneri F, Cannavò SP, Casciaro M, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Oxidative Stress and Atopic Dermatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E196. [PMID: 32111015 PMCID: PMC7139929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic/chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease, with increasing worldwide prevalence. Etiopathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, with a mix of genetic, immunological and environmental aspects. Like in other chronic inflammatory diseases, oxidative stress plays an important pathogenetic role. We reviewed in vivo research studies on humans about oxidative stress and atopic dermatitis. Although sometimes contrasting, overall, they suggest that oxidative stress may have a significant role in atopic dermatitis, but our understanding is still incomplete, at least concerning in vivo data, because of limitations of available literature. Research consists of 33 papers published in 28 years, was not always performed on large study populations, represents a limited number of countries and ethnicities-not always in proportion to their size-and is scattered over multiple papers that, in the majority of cases, cannot be pooled and/or compared because many biomarkers were studied, in different tissues and with different methods. Further, larger studies appear warranted and necessary to shed more light on this aspect of atopic dermatitis, which is important not only to improve our understanding of this disease, but also for potential clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Bertino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Serafinella Patrizia Cannavò
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (L.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
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20
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Igalan from Inula helenium (L.) suppresses the atopic dermatitis-like response in stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes via JAK/STAT3 signaling. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:309-319. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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21
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Minzaghi D, Pavel P, Dubrac S. Xenobiotic Receptors and Their Mates in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4234. [PMID: 31470652 PMCID: PMC6747412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease worldwide. It is a chronic, relapsing and pruritic skin disorder which results from epidermal barrier abnormalities and immune dysregulation, both modulated by environmental factors. AD is strongly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in the so-called 'atopic march.' Xenobiotic receptors and their mates are ligand-activated transcription factors expressed in the skin where they control cellular detoxification pathways. Moreover, they regulate the expression of genes in pathways involved in AD in epithelial cells and immune cells. Activation or overexpression of xenobiotic receptors in the skin can be deleterious or beneficial, depending on context, ligand and activation duration. Moreover, their impact on skin might be amplified by crosstalk among xenobiotic receptors and their mates. Because they are activated by a broad range of endogenous molecules, drugs and pollutants owing to their promiscuous ligand affinity, they have recently crystalized the attention of researchers, including in dermatology and especially in the AD field. This review examines the putative roles of these receptors in AD by critically evaluating the conditions under which the proteins and their ligands have been studied. This information should provide new insights into AD pathogenesis and ways to develop new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Minzaghi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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22
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Landeck L, Kneip C, Reischl J, Asadullah K. Biomarkers and personalized medicine: current status and further perspectives with special focus on dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2018; 25:333-9. [PMID: 27167702 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are of increasingly high importance in medicine, particularly in the realm of 'personalized medicine'. They are valuable for predicting prognosis and dose selection. Moreover, they may be helpful in detecting therapeutic and adverse responses and in patient stratification based on efficacy or safety prediction. Thus, biomarkers are essential tools for the selection of appropriate patients for treatment with certain drugs to and enable personalized medicine, that is 'providing the right treatment to the right patient, at the right dose at the right time'. Currently, there are six drugs approved for dermatological indications with recommended or mandatory biomarker testing. Most of them are used to treat melanoma and human immunodeficiency virus infection. In contrast to the few fully validated biomarkers, many exploratory biomarkers and biomarker candidates have potential applications. Prognostic biomarkers are of particular significance for malignant conditions. Similarly, diagnostic biomarkers are important in autoimmune diseases. Disease severity biomarkers are helpful tools in the treatment for inflammatory skin diseases. Identification, qualification and implementation of the different kinds of biomarkers are challenging and frequently necessitate collaborative efforts. This is particularly true for stratification biomarkers that require a companion diagnostic marker that is co-developed with a certain drug. In this article general definitions and requirements for biomarkers as well as for the impact of biomarkers in dermatology are reviewed and opportunities and challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Landeck
- Department of Dermatology, Ernst von Bergmann General Hospital Potsdam, Teaching Hospital of Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Reischl
- Bayer Global Drug Discovery, Berlin, Germany.,Astra Zeneca, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khusru Asadullah
- Bayer Global Drug Discovery, Berlin, Germany.,Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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23
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The Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Quest for Biomarkers in Psoriasis, a Stress-Related Skin Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5823684. [PMID: 29619128 PMCID: PMC5829341 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5823684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a physically, emotionally, and socially invalidating multifactorial disorder, with a significant impact on the patients' quality of life. Stress is one of the leading triggers for psoriasis and has been associated with disease onset and subsequent flare-ups, while the flare-ups by themselves often lead to psychological discomfort. The treatment of psoriasis is individualized, depending on the patients' measurable severity of illness, as well as the impact the skin condition has on patients' quality of life, as assessed by standardized questionnaires. The clinical scales used nowadays for measuring the severity of psoriasis are characterized by low reproducibility and high variability between examiners. Hence, there is a real need to identify objectively measurable biomarkers to standardize the assessment of the severity of psoriasis. We aim to review the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in psoriasis, focusing on the most critical advances in psoriasis biomarker discovery, pointing out those biomarkers which have also been studied in other stress-related conditions, thus emphasizing the relationship between psoriasis and stress.
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24
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Trüeb RM, Henry JP, Davis MG, Schwartz JR. Scalp Condition Impacts Hair Growth and Retention via Oxidative Stress. Int J Trichology 2018; 10:262-270. [PMID: 30783333 PMCID: PMC6369642 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_57_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, the medical focus has been either on hair loss or the condition of the scalp in terms of specific dermatological diseases. Indeed, the proximate structural arrangement of the scalp and hair leads to an interdependent relationship between the two. While protective benefits of the hair to the scalp are obvious, the role of the scalp as an incubatory environment for the preemergent hair fiber has largely been ignored. In fact, there is a wealth of observational data on specific dermatological conditions of the scalp providing evidence for the role of the scalp condition in supporting the production of healthy hair. Oxidative stress, the inability of the body to sufficiently counteract the sources of oxidation, is prevalent in many skin conditions, including normal skin aging. On the scalp, the hair appears to be impacted prior to emergence, and oxidative stress appears to play a role in premature hair loss. The scalp commensal organism, Malassezia, has been recognized to be a source of oxidative damage. Therefore, hair care products, specifically shampoos, with active Malassezia inhibitory agents, such as zinc pyrithione, tend to reduce premature hair loss, besides the known benefits in treating specific dermatologic scalp pathologies, and therefore should represent an integral part of every treatment regimen for hair loss, even in individuals not showing symptoms of scalp pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph M Trüeb
- Center for Dermatology and Hair Diseases, University of Zurich, Wallisellen, Switzerland
| | - Jim P Henry
- The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mike G Davis
- The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Abstract
In contrast to the skin, aging of the hair has seemingly only recently found the attention of dermatological meetings, mainly promoted by the cosmetic industry for marketing purposes. In fact, basic scientists interested in the biology of hair growth and pigmentation have for some time already exposed the hair follicle as a highly accessible model with unique opportunities for the study of age-related effects. As a result, the science of hair aging focuses on two main streams of interest: the esthetic problem of aging hair and its management, in terms of age-related effects on hair color, quantity, and quality; and the biological problem of aging hair, in terms of microscopic, biochemical, and molecular changes underlying the aging process. Ultimately, the aim of hair anti-aging is to delay, lessen, or reverse the effects of aging on hair. According to the complex nature of the aging process, the treatment for lifetime scalp and hair health has to be holistic to include the multitude of contributing factors in a polyhedral and patient-specific manner. It comprises both medical treatments and hair cosmetics. Accordingly, the discovery of pharmacological targets and the development of safe and effective drugs for treatment of hair loss indicate strategies of the drug industry for maintenance of hair growth and quantity, while the hair care industry has become capable of delivering active compounds directed toward meeting the consumer demand for maintenance of hair cosmesis and quality. “Where there's life, there's hope” (Ecclesiastes 9:3-5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph M Trüeb
- Center for Dermatology and Hair Diseases Professor Trüeb, Zurich-Wallisellen, Switzerland
| | - Hudson Dutra Rezende
- Center for Dermatology and Hair Diseases Professor Trüeb, Zurich-Wallisellen, Switzerland
| | - Maria Fernanda Reis Gavazzoni Dias
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Centro de Ciencias Medicas, Hospital Universitario Antonia Pedro, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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26
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Blunder S, Kõks S, Kõks G, Reimann E, Hackl H, Gruber R, Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Schmuth M, Dubrac S. Enhanced Expression of Genes Related to Xenobiotic Metabolism in the Skin of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis but Not with Ichthyosis Vulgaris. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:98-108. [PMID: 28899689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous transcriptome analyses underscored the importance of immunological and skin barrier abnormalities in atopic dermatitis (AD). We sought to identify pathogenic pathways involved in AD by comparing the transcriptomes of AD patients stratified for filaggrin (FLG)-null mutations to those of both healthy donors and patients with ichthyosis vulgaris. We applied RNA sequencing to analyze the whole transcriptome of nonlesional skin. We found that 607 genes (476 up-regulated and 131 down-regulated by >2-fold) and 193 genes (172 up-regulated and 21 down-regulated by >2-fold) were differentially expressed when all AD or ichthyosis vulgaris patients were compared with healthy donors, respectively. Expression of genes involved in RNA/protein turnover and adenosine triphosphate synthesis, as well as genes involved in cell death, response to oxidative stress, DNA damage/repair, and autophagy, were significantly enriched in AD skin and, to a lesser extent, in ichthyosis vulgaris skin. FLG-null mutations appear to hardly interfere with current observations. Genes related to xenobiotic metabolism were up-regulated in AD skin only, as were genes related to arachidonic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Thus, this work newly links AD pathogenesis to aberrant expression of genes related to xenobiotic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Blunder
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gea Kõks
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ene Reimann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Division of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Moosbrugger-Martinz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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27
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Ji H, Li XK. Oxidative Stress in Atopic Dermatitis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:2721469. [PMID: 27006746 PMCID: PMC4781995 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2721469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic skin disorder affecting many people especially young children. It is a disease caused by the combination of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and skin barrier defect. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests oxidative stress may play an important role in many skin diseases and skin aging, possibly including AD. In this review, we give an update on scientific progress linking oxidative stress to AD and discuss future treatment strategies for better disease control and improved quality of life for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Ji
- Incyte Diagnostics, 1280 116th Avenue NE, Bellevue, WA 98004, USA
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Shershakova N, Baraboshkina E, Andreev S, Purgina D, Struchkova I, Kamyshnikov O, Nikonova A, Khaitov M. Anti-inflammatory effect of fullerene C60 in a mice model of atopic dermatitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:8. [PMID: 26810232 PMCID: PMC4727272 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Water-soluble form of fullerene C60 is a promising tool for the control of ROS-dependent inflammation including allergic diseases. Anti-inflammatory effects of C60 (nC60) aqueous dispersion were evaluated in the mouse models of atopic dermatitis using subcutaneous (SC) and epicutaneous (EC) applications during 50 days period. A highly stable nC60 was prepared by exhaustive dialysis of water-organic C60 solution against water, where the size and ζ-potential of fullerene nanoparticles are about 100 nm and −30 mV, respectively. Results To induce skin inflammation, female BALB/c mice were EC sensitized with ovalbumin three times during one-weekly exposures. The nC60 solution was administrated in mice subcutaneously (SC) (0.1 mg/kg) and epicutaneously (EC) (1 mg/kg). Significant suppression of IgE and Th2 cytokines production and a concomitant rise in concentrations of Th1 cytokines were observed in nC60-treated groups. In addition, a significant increase in the levels of Foxp3+ and filaggrin mRNA expression was observed at EC application. Histological examination of skin samples indicated that therapeutic effect was achieved by both EC and SC treatment, but it was more effective with EC. Pronounced reduction of the eosinophil and leukocyte infiltration in treated skin samples was observed. Conclusions We suppose that nC60 treatment shifts immune response from Th2 to Th1 and restores to some extent the function of the skin barrier. This approach can be a good alternative to the treatment of allergic and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergey Andreev
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Daria Purgina
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | | | | | - Musa Khaitov
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
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Watanabe K, Karuppagounder V, Arumugam S, Thandavarayan RA, Pitchaimani V, Sreedhar R, Afrin R, Harima M, Suzuki H, Suzuki K, Nakamura T, Nomoto M, Miyashita S, Fukumoto K, Ueno K. Pruni cortex ameliorates skin inflammation possibly through HMGB1-NFκB pathway in house dust mite induced atopic dermatitis NC/Nga transgenic mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015; 56:186-94. [PMID: 26060348 PMCID: PMC4454076 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruni cortex, the bark of Prunus jamasakura Siebold ex Koidzumi, has been used in the Japanese systems of medicine for many years for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitussive properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of pruni cortex on atopic dermatitis NC/Nga mouse model. Atopic dermatitis-like lesion was induced by the application of house dust mite extract to the dorsal skin. After induction of atopic dermatitis, pruni cortex aqueous extract (1 g/kg, p.o.) was administered daily for 2 weeks. We evaluated dermatitis severity, histopathological changes and cellular protein expression by Western blotting for nuclear and cytoplasmic high mobility group box 1, receptor for advanced glycation end products, nuclear factor κB, apoptosis and inflammatory markers in the skin of atopic dermatitis mice. The clinical observation confirmed that the dermatitis score was significantly lower when treated with pruni cortex than in the atopic dermatitis group. Similarly pruni cortex inhibited hypertrophy and infiltration of inflammatory cells as identified by histopathology. In addition, pruni cortex significantly inhibited the protein expression of cytoplasmic high mobility group box 1, receptor for advanced glycation end products, nuclear p-nuclear factor kappa B, apoptosis and inflammatory markers. These results indicate that pruni cortex may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of atopic dermatitis by attenuating high mobility group box 1 and inflammation possibly through the nuclear factor κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Somasundaram Arumugam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Rajarajan A Thandavarayan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Vigneshwaran Pitchaimani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Remya Sreedhar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Rejina Afrin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Meilei Harima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nomoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Shizuka Miyashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fukumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ueno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
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Plevnik Kapun A, Salobir J, Levart A, Tavčar Kalcher G, Nemec Svete A, Kotnik T. Vitamin E supplementation in canine atopic dermatitis: improvement of clinical signs and effects on oxidative stress markers. Vet Rec 2014; 175:560. [PMID: 25205675 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of plasma vitamin E concentrations were found in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). The present study was aimed at determining the effect of an eight-week vitamin E supplementation on clinical response (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-03) scores and pruritus intensity) in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Levels of oxidative stress markers (plasma malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), blood glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations) were also determined. Twenty-nine dogs with CAD were included in the study. Fourteen received vitamin E (8.1 IU/kg once daily, orally) and 15 received mineral oil as placebo (orally). All dogs were treated with antihistamine fexofenadine. Levels of oxidative stress markers (with the exception of skin vitamin E), CADESI-03 and pruritus intensity were determined at the beginning, then every two weeks. Skin vitamin E was determined at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Significantly higher plasma levels of vitamin E and TAC were observed in the vitamin E group than in the placebo group. CADESI-03 scores determined throughout the treatment in the vitamin E group were significantly lower than in the placebo group. The findings of this study support the supplementation of vitamin E in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Salobir
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - A Levart
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - G Tavčar Kalcher
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute for Hygiene and Pathology of Animal Nutrition, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Nemec Svete
- Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - T Kotnik
- Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Dimitriades V, Rodriguez PC, Zabaleta J, Ochoa AC. Arginase I levels are decreased in the plasma of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 113:271-5. [PMID: 25027824 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum arginase levels have been shown to be elevated in conditions, such as trauma, cancer, chronic wounds, pregnancy, and diabetes. This also has been found to be true in atopic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE To study arginase activity in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS In this pilot study, arginase activity levels in 15 pediatric patients with AD were compared with those in controls to determine whether arginase levels in AD are altered as in patients with other atopic diseases. RESULTS In contrast to the other diseases studied, arginase activity was found to be decreased in granulocytes and in the plasma of patients with AD compared with controls. This finding was coupled with a trend toward higher L-arginine plasma levels. CONCLUSION In AD, a different mechanism of arginine metabolism seems to be stimulated, leading to the formation of nitric oxide pathway components causing suppression of the arginase pathway and impairment in skin hydration, collagen synthesis, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Dimitriades
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Augusto C Ochoa
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Rodríguez-Cerdeira C, Molares-Vila A, Sánchez-Blanco E, Sánchez-Blanco B. Study on Certain Biomarkers of Inflammation in Psoriasis Through "OMICS" Platforms. Open Biochem J 2014; 8:21-34. [PMID: 24688608 PMCID: PMC3970352 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01408010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, research on psoriasis has focused on the identification of biomarkers for the diagnosis, pathogenesis, prognosis, or therapeutic response of the disease. These studies could provide insights into the susceptibility and natural history of psoriasis. The identification of biomarkers related to comorbidities in psoriasis, such as arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and the metabolic syndrome, is of special clinical interest. Materials and Methods: We performed an extensive review on psoriasis biomarkers, including cytokine and growth factors, in the literature published between 1997 and 2013, including cross-references of any retrieved articles. We also included some data from our own studies. Results: This review presents current knowledge of soluble biomarkers in psoriasis, including cytokines, chemokines, proangiogenic mediators, growth factors, antimicrobial proteins, neuropeptides, and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: In conclusion, a number of studies have been conducted with the aim of establishing soluble biomarkers for psoriasis. Most of the biomarkers that have been studied do not meet the criteria for a clinically useful biomarker. Further work is needed to establish a role for soluble biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis, with a special focus on biomarkers for psoriasis comorbidities, such as arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Molares-Vila
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vigo, Spain
| | | | - B Sánchez-Blanco
- Postgraduate researcher, Department of Emergency, CHUVI, Vigo, Spain
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Song S, Paek D, Park C, Lee C, Lee JH, Yu SD. Exposure to ambient ultrafine particles and urinary 8-hydroxyl-2-deoxyguanosine in children with and without eczema. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 458-460:408-413. [PMID: 23685365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine and ultrafine particles (UFPs) in urban air are known to contribute to inflammatory and allergic disease. It has been suggested that oxidative stress is an underlying mechanism for the detrimental health effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of ambient UFPs and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on urinary 8-hydroxyl-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations in children with and without eczema. Spot urine samples were collected from 84 children twice weekly for 61 days and 8-OHdG content was measured. Significant associations were found between the ambient UFPs and particle bound PAHs and increase in urinary 8-OHdG levels. An inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in the UFP concentration in the 24-h (IQR, 32,300/m(3)) period preceding urine collection was significantly associated with a 5.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16-1.27%) increase in the urinary 8-OHdG level children with AD. In children without eczema, such short-term effect of previous day UFPs on urinary 8-OHdG was not observed. There were no significant positive associations between the mass fraction of PMs and urinary 8-OHdG. The results suggest that short-term exposure to ambient UFPs plays a critical role in PM induced oxidative stress in children with eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghwan Song
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Compensation of cATSCs-derived TGFβ1 and IL10 expressions was effectively modulated atopic dermatitis. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e497. [PMID: 23412382 PMCID: PMC3734835 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we found an effective and novel therapeutic approach to atopic dermatitis (AD) therapy via treatment with a canine adipose tissue stem cell (cATSC) extract. We determined that the therapeutic application of cATSC-derived interleukin 10 (IL10) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) effectively modulated the overloaded immune response after the induction of AD. In addition, we investigated the molecular role of the cATSC extract during AD treatment. Dogs with naturally occurring AD that was treated at Seoul National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital was enrolled in this study. Owner consent was obtained for privately owned dogs before enrollment. We prepared a primary fat-derived cATSC extract that contained various functional factors, including IL10 and TGFβ1, as a treatment for AD. We found that the cATSC extract significantly ameliorated the pathological symptoms of canine AD. The cATSC extract secreted the immunomodulatory cytokines IL10 and TGFβ1, which modulated the overloaded immune response after the induction of AD. Moreover, these immunomodulatory cytokines modulated AD-induced inflammation and inactivated the pathological signals IL6, INFγ, iNOS, eNOS and Nox4. Additionally, these cytokines protected against apoptotic keratinocyte degeneration. This study demonstrated the novel therapeutic efficacy of the cATSC extract during successive AD treatments, which suggests a potential therapeutic use for human AD patients.
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Plevnik Kapun A, Salobir J, Levart A, Tavčar Kalcher G, Nemec Svete A, Kotnik T. Plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations in canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Q 2013; 33:2-6. [PMID: 23323961 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2012.758395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered homeostasis of vitamin E has been demonstrated in human atopic dermatitis. Data on plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) are not available. OBJECTIVE To determine vitamin E concentrations in plasma and skin of atopic dogs. ANIMALS AND METHODS Vitamin E concentrations in plasma and full-thickness skin biopsies of 15 atopic dogs were related to CAD extent and severity index (CADESI-03) scores and compared to the equivalent concentrations in 17 healthy dogs. Statistically significant differences of measured parameters between the two groups were determined by the nonparametric Mann Whitney U test and correlations between CADESI-03 scores and vitamin E concentrations were evaluated by the Spearman rank test. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of vitamin E were significantly lower in atopic dogs than in healthy dogs, with median values of 29.8 and 52.9 μmol/L, respectively. Skin vitamin E values did not differ significantly between patients and healthy controls. The median concentration of skin vitamin E in atopic dogs was higher than that in healthy dogs. No significant correlations were found between CADESI-03 score and plasma vitamin E or skin vitamin E concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Significantly lower plasma vitamin E concentrations in atopic dogs than in healthy controls indicate altered homeostasis of vitamin E in CAD. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Further investigation into vitamin E supplementation in CAD is warranted.
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Osto E, Piaserico S, Maddalozzo A, Forchetti G, Montisci R, Famoso G, Giovagnoni A, Peserico A, Iliceto S, Tona F. Impaired coronary flow reserve in young patients affected by severe psoriasis. Atherosclerosis 2012; 221:113-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Basavaraj K, Vasu Devaraju P, Rao K. Studies on serum 8-hydroxy guanosine (8-OHdG) as reliable biomarker for psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:655-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kapun AP, Salobir J, Levart A, Kotnik T, Svete AN. Oxidative stress markers in canine atopic dermatitis. Res Vet Sci 2011; 92:469-70. [PMID: 21601227 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are no data in the veterinary literature relating to oxidative stress in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). The study aimed to determine levels of oxidative stress markers, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), in 15 CAD patients and 17 healthy dogs. A correlation between CADESI (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index) score and MDA was also determined. Significantly higher plasma MDA levels were found in patients than in healthy dogs. The significant, highly positive correlation determined between CADESI score and MDA in the patient group indicates an association between the severity of CAD and the extent of oxidative damage to membrane lipids. There were no significant differences in TAC, GPX and SOD between patients and healthy dogs. Our findings suggest that oxidative stress with increased lipid peroxidation could be involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alja Plevnik Kapun
- University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Wiwanitkit V. Urinary 8-OHdG level in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24:862. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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