1
|
Ballesteros-Monrreal MG, Mendez-Pfeiffer P, Ortíz B, Bolado-Martínez E, Álvarez-Ainza ML, Enciso-Martínez Y, Arenas-Hernández MMP, Diaz-Murrieta B, Barrios-Villa E, Valencia D. Uropathogenic E. coli and Hybrid Pathotypes in Mexican Women with Urinary Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Molecular and Phenotypic Overview. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5909-5928. [PMID: 38921024 PMCID: PMC11202577 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and carries virulence and resistance factors often found in mobilizable genetic elements, such as plasmids or pathogenicity islands (PAIs). UPEC is part of the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), but hybrid strains possessing both diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and ExPEC traits, termed "hypervirulent", present a significant health threat. This study assessed the prevalence of UPEC PAIs, ExPEC sequence types (ST), DEC genes, carbapenemase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes, resistance genotypes, and plasmids in 40 clinical isolates of UPEC. Results showed that 72.5% of isolates had PAIs, mainly PAI IV536 (53%). ESBL phenotypes were found in 65% of β-lactam-resistant isolates, with 100% of carbapenem-resistant isolates producing carbapenemase. The predominant ESBL gene was blaCTX-M-2 (60%), and the most common resistance gene in fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside-resistant isolates was aac(6')Ib (93%). Plasmids were present in 57% of isolates, and 70% belonged to the ST131 clonal group. Molecular markers for DEC pathotypes were detected in 20 isolates, with 60% classified as hybrid pathotypes. These findings indicate significant pathogenic potential and the presence of hybrid pathotypes in E. coli UTI clinical isolates in the Mexican population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel G. Ballesteros-Monrreal
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Pablo Mendez-Pfeiffer
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Bryan Ortíz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Enrique Bolado-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo CP 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (E.B.-M.); (M.L.Á.-A.)
| | - Maritza Lizeth Álvarez-Ainza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo CP 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (E.B.-M.); (M.L.Á.-A.)
| | - Yessica Enciso-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Margarita M. P. Arenas-Hernández
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla CP 72570, Pue, Mexico
| | - Betsaida Diaz-Murrieta
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Edwin Barrios-Villa
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Dora Valencia
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wyrsch ER, Hoye BJ, Sanderson-Smith M, Gorman J, Maute K, Cummins ML, Jarocki VM, Marenda MS, Dolejska M, Djordjevic SP. The faecal microbiome of the Australian silver gull contains phylogenetically diverse ExPEC, aEPEC and Escherichia coli carrying the transmissible locus of stress tolerance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170815. [PMID: 38336047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Wildlife are implicated in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, but their roles as hosts for Escherichia coli that pose a threat to human and animal health is limited. Gulls (family Laridae) in particular, are known to carry diverse lineages of multiple-antibiotic resistant E. coli, including extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Whole genome sequencing of 431 E. coli isolates from 69 healthy Australian silver gulls (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) sampled during the 2019 breeding season, and without antibiotic selection, was undertaken to assess carriage in an urban wildlife population. Phylogenetic analysis and genotyping resolved 123 sequence types (STs) representing most phylogroups, and identified diverse ExPEC, including an expansive phylogroup B2 cluster comprising 103 isolates (24 %; 31 STs). Analysis of the mobilome identified: i) widespread carriage of the Yersinia High Pathogenicity Island (HPI), a key ExPEC virulence determinant; ii) broad distribution of two novel phage elements, each carrying sitABCD and iii) carriage of the transmissible locus of stress tolerance (tLST), an element linked to sanitation resistance. Of the 169 HPI carrying isolates, 49 (48 %) represented diverse B2 isolates hosting FII-64 ColV-like plasmids that lacked iutABC and sitABC operons typical of ColV plasmids, but carried the serine protease autotransporter gene, sha. Diverse E. coli also carried archetypal ColV plasmids (52 isolates; 12 %). Clusters of closely related E. coli (<50 SNVs) from ST58, ST457 and ST746, sourced from healthy gulls, humans, and companion animals, were frequently identified. In summary, anthropogenically impacted gulls host an expansive E. coli population, including: i) putative ExPEC that carry ColV virulence gene cargo (101 isolates; 23.4 %) and HPI (169 isolates; 39 %); ii) atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (17 isolates; 3.9 %), and iii) E. coli that carry the tLST (20 isolates; 4.6 %). Gulls play an important role in the evolution and transmission of E. coli that impact human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan R Wyrsch
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Bethany J Hoye
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Martina Sanderson-Smith
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jody Gorman
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Kimberly Maute
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Max L Cummins
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Veronica M Jarocki
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc S Marenda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Monika Dolejska
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic; CEITEC VETUNI, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Plzen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Steven P Djordjevic
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moazeni S, Askari Badouei M, Hashemitabar G, Rezatofighi SE, Mahmoodi F. Detection and characterization of potentially hybrid enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strains isolated from urinary tract infection. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1-9. [PMID: 38036848 PMCID: PMC10920591 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) have the potential to receive the virulence markers of intestinal pathotypes and transform into various important hybrid pathotypes. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and characteristics of hybrid enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)/UPEC strains. Out of 202 UPEC strains, nine (4.5%) were detected as hybrid EAEC/UPEC. These strains carried one to four iron uptake systems. Among nine investigated pathogenicity islands (PAIs), PAI IV536, PAI II536, and PAI ICFT073 were found in 9 (100%), 3 (33.3%), and 1 (11.1%) strains, respectively. The chuA and sitA genes were detected in 5 (55.5%) and 3 (33.3%) hybrid strains, respectively. Six hybrid strains were found to be typical extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) according to their virulence traits. Most of the hybrid strains belonged to the phylogenetic group E (6/9). Among the hybrid strains, seven (7/9) were able to form biofilm and adhere to cells; however, only two strains penetrated into the HeLa cells. Our findings reveal some of the virulence characteristics of hybrid strains that lead to fitness and infection in the urinary tract. These strains, with virulence factors of intestinal and non-intestinal pathotypes, may become emerging pathogens in clinical settings; therefore, further studies are needed to reveal their pathogenicity mechanisms and so that preventive measures can be taken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Moazeni
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Askari Badouei
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Hashemitabar
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fahimeh Mahmoodi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kubiak-Szeligowska AB, Majchrzak M, Parniewski P. TRS-PCR profiles correlate with polymorphisms of the genomic o454-nlpD region, virulence factors repertoire, and phylogenetic groups among uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients from Lodz region, Poland. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:11. [PMID: 38395935 PMCID: PMC10885528 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal urinary tract infections are mainly caused by uropathogenic strains of E. coli. UPECs are a heterogeneous group of strains possessing various genes associated with virulence traits. It was demonstrated that changes in the composition of the o454-nlpD region and genetic variation in the mutS-rpoS chromosomal region in ExPEC strains are correlated with their virulence, particularly in those with the pattern III o454-nlpD region and belonging to phylogenetic group B2. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of the o454-nlpD genomic polymorphism in our collection of 124 uropathogenic E. coli strains, examining the correlation of o454-nlpD region types with the virulence factors studied. Our findings revealed a positive association between certain virulence factors in UPEC strains and the presence of pattern III in the o454-nlpD region. Additionally, all these strains were classified under phylogenetic group B2. We also showed that the highly pathogenic group of E. coli identified by examining the polymorphism of the o454-nlpD region coincides with the highly pathogenic group of uropathogens we identified in the averaged TRS-PCR analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Majchrzak
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Pawel Parniewski
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232, Lodz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aurich S, Wolf SA, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Thrukonda L, Semmler T, Ewers C. Genotypic Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Companion Animals: Predominance of ST372 in Dogs and Human-Related ST73 in Cats. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:38. [PMID: 38247597 PMCID: PMC10812829 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) account for over 80% and 60% of bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans and animals, respectively. As shared uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains have been previously reported among humans and pets, our study aimed to characterize E. coli lineages among UTI isolates from dogs and cats and to assess their overlaps with human UPEC lineages. We analysed 315 non-duplicate E. coli isolates from the UT of dogs (198) and cats (117) collected in central Germany in 2019 and 2020 utilizing whole genome sequencing and in silico methods. Phylogroup B2 (77.8%), dog-associated sequence type (ST) 372 (18.1%), and human-associated ST73 (16.6%), were predominant. Other STs included ST12 (8.6%), ST141 (5.1%), ST127 (4.8%), and ST131 (3.5%). Among these, 58.4% were assigned to the ExPEC group and 51.1% to the UPEC group based on their virulence associated gene (VAG) profile (ExPEC, presence of ≥VAGs: papAH and/or papC, sfa/focG, afaD/draBC, kpsMTII, and iutA; UPEC, additionally cnf1 or hlyD). Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) resistance mediated by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC-β-lactamase was identified in 1.9% of the isolates, along with one carbapenemase-producing isolate and one isolate carrying a mcr gene. Low occurrence of ESC-resistant or multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates (2.9%) in the two most frequently detected STs implies that E. coli isolated from UTIs of companion animals are to a lesser extent associated with resistance, but possess virulence-associated genes enabling efficient UT colonization and carriage. Detection of human-related pandemic lineages suggests interspecies transmission and underscores the importance of monitoring companion animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Aurich
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (E.P.-B.); (C.E.)
| | - Silver Anthony Wolf
- Genome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany (L.T.)
| | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (E.P.-B.); (C.E.)
| | | | - Torsten Semmler
- Genome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany (L.T.)
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (E.P.-B.); (C.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balbuena-Alonso MG, Camps M, Cortés-Cortés G, Carreón-León EA, Lozano-Zarain P, Rocha-Gracia RDC. Strain belonging to an emerging, virulent sublineage of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated in fresh spinach, suggesting that ST131 may be transmissible through agricultural products. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1237725. [PMID: 37876872 PMCID: PMC10591226 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1237725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Food contamination with pathogenic Escherichia coli can cause severe disease. Here, we report the isolation of a multidrug resistant strain (A23EC) from fresh spinach. A23EC belongs to subclade C2 of ST131, a virulent clone of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Most A23EC virulence factors are concentrated in three pathogenicity islands. These include PapGII, a fimbrial tip adhesin linked to increased virulence, and CsgA and CsgB, two adhesins known to facilitate spinach leaf colonization. A23EC also bears TnMB1860, a chromosomally-integrated transposon with the demonstrated potential to facilitate the evolution of carbapenem resistance among non-carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales. This transposon consists of two IS26-bound modular translocatable units (TUs). The first TU carries aac(6')-lb-cr, bla OXA-1, ΔcatB3, aac(3)-lle, and tmrB, and the second one harbors bla CXT-M-15. A23EC also bears a self-transmissible plasmid that can mediate conjugation at 20°C and that has a mosaic IncF [F(31,36):A(4,20):B1] and Col156 origin of replication. Comparing A23EC to 86 additional complete ST131 sequences, A23EC forms a monophyletic cluster with 17 other strains that share the following four genomic traits: (1) virotype E (papGII+); (2) presence of a PAI II536-like pathogenicity island with an additional cnf1 gene; (3) presence of chromosomal TnMB1860; and (4) frequent presence of an F(31,36):A(4,20):B1 plasmid. Sequences belonging to this cluster (which we named "C2b sublineage") are highly enriched in septicemia samples and their associated genetic markers align with recent reports of an emerging, virulent sublineage of the C2 subclade, suggesting significant pathogenic potential. This is the first report of a ST131 strain belonging to subclade C2 contaminating green leafy vegetables. The detection of this uropathogenic clone in fresh food is alarming. This work suggests that ST131 continues to evolve, gaining selective advantages and new routes of transmission. This highlights the pressing need for rigorous epidemiological surveillance of ExPEC in vegetables with One Health perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Balbuena-Alonso
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Manel Camps
- Departament of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Gerardo Cortés-Cortés
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
- Departament of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Eder A. Carreón-León
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Patricia Lozano-Zarain
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rosa del Carmen Rocha-Gracia
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pokharel P, Dhakal S, Dozois CM. The Diversity of Escherichia coli Pathotypes and Vaccination Strategies against This Versatile Bacterial Pathogen. Microorganisms 2023; 11:344. [PMID: 36838308 PMCID: PMC9965155 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a gram-negative bacillus and resident of the normal intestinal microbiota. However, some E. coli strains can cause diseases in humans, other mammals and birds ranging from intestinal infections, for example, diarrhea and dysentery, to extraintestinal infections, such as urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, meningitis, and sepsis. In terms of morbidity and mortality, pathogenic E. coli has a great impact on public health, with an economic cost of several billion dollars annually worldwide. Antibiotics are not usually used as first-line treatment for diarrheal illness caused by E. coli and in the case of bloody diarrhea, antibiotics are avoided due to the increased risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome. On the other hand, extraintestinal infections are treated with various antibiotics depending on the site of infection and susceptibility testing. Several alarming papers concerning the rising antibiotic resistance rates in E. coli strains have been published. The silent pandemic of multidrug-resistant bacteria including pathogenic E. coli that have become more difficult to treat favored prophylactic approaches such as E. coli vaccines. This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis of different pathotypes of E. coli, the virulence factors involved and updates on the major aspects of vaccine development against different E. coli pathotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravil Pokharel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal Saint-Hyacinthe, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Sabin Dhakal
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal Saint-Hyacinthe, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Charles M. Dozois
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Avicole (CRIPA), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal Saint-Hyacinthe, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
- Pasteur Network, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Escherichia coli Isolated from Vegans, Vegetarians and Omnivores: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Factors, Pathogenicity Islands and Phylogenetic Classification. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli have acquired virulence factors, which confer an increased ability to cause a broad spectrum of enteric diseases and extraintestinal infections. The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial resistance profile of and the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) in E. coli fecal isolates from omnivores, vegetarians and vegans. A control group of 60 isolates from omnivores, as well as a study group with 41 isolates from vegetarians and 17 from vegans, were analyzed. Isolates from both groups showed a high rate of resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and nalidixic acid, and some of them were positive for the ESBL test (12% of isolates from vegetarians/vegans and 5% of isolates from omnivores). The most predominant VAGs detected in isolates from omnivores were fimH (70%), iutA (32%), fyuA (32%) and traT (32%), while among isolates from vegetarians or vegans, the most predominant were traT (62%), kpsMT k1 (28%) and iutA (22%). Most isolates from omnivores (55%) were positive for PAI I536, while most of those from vegetarians/vegans (59%) were positive for PAI IV536. Phylogenetic group A, composed of commensal non-pathogenic isolates that survive in the intestinal tract, was the most prevalent in both control and study groups. Some VAGs were found in only one of the groups, such as the pathogenicity island PAI III536, found in 12% of the isolates from omnivores, while the kpsMT III gene (15%) was detected only among isolates from vegetarians/vegans. Interestingly, this gene codes for a polysaccharide capsule found mainly in E. coli isolates causing intestinal infections, including EPEC, ETEC and EHEC. Finally, our results show that there were no advantages in vegetarian or vegan diets compared to the omnivorous diet, as in both groups we detected isolates harboring VAGs and displaying resistance to antibiotics, especially those most commonly used to treat urinary tract infections.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sadat A, Ramadan H, Elkady MA, Hammad AM, Soliman MM, Aboelenin SM, Al-Harthi HF, Abugomaa A, Elbadawy M, Awad A. Phylotypic Profiling, Distribution of Pathogenicity Island Markers, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Chicken Meat and Humans. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091197. [PMID: 36139976 PMCID: PMC9495032 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E.coli) found in retail chicken meat could be causing a wide range of infections in humans and constitute a potential risk. This study aimed to evaluate 60 E. coli isolates from retail chicken meat (n = 34) and human urinary tract infections (UTIs, n = 26) for phylogenetic diversity, presence of pathogenicity island (PAI) markers, antimicrobial susceptibility phenotypes, and antimicrobial resistance genes, and to evaluate their biofilm formation capacity. In that context, confirmed E.coli isolates were subjected to phylogrouping analysis using triplex PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method; PAI distribution was investigated by using two multiplex PCRs. Most of the chicken isolates (22/34, 64.7%) were identified as commensal E. coli (A and B1), while 12 isolates (35.3%) were classified as pathogenic virulent E. coli (B2 and D). Similarly, the commensal group dominated in human isolates. Overall, 23 PAIs were detected in the chicken isolates; among them, 39.1% (9/23) were assigned to group B1, 34.8% (8/23) to group A, 4.34% (1/23) to group B2, and 21.7% (5/23) to group D. However, 25 PAIs were identified from the human isolates. PAI IV536 was the most prevalent (55.9%, 69.2%) PAI detected in both sources. In total, 37 (61.7%) isolates of the chicken and human isolates were biofilm producers. Noticeably, 100% of E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillin and rifamycin. Markedly, all E. coli isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) phenotypes, and the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) among E. coli isolates ranged between 0.5 and 1. Several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified by a PCR assay; the sul2 gene was the most prevalent (38/60, 63.3%) from both sources. Interestingly, a significant positive association (r = 0.31) between biofilm production and resistance to quinolones by the qnr gene was found by the correlation analysis. These findings were suggestive of the transmission of PAI markers and antibiotic resistance genes from poultry to humans or humans to humans through the food chain. To avoid the spread of virulent and multidrug-resistant E. coli, intensive surveillance of retail chicken meat markets is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Sadat
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hazem Ramadan
- Hygiene and Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Elkady
- Mansoura Veterinary Laboratory Branch, Microbiology Research Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Amal Mahmoud Hammad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine Damietta, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salama M. Aboelenin
- Biology Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Al Hawiyah 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helal F. Al-Harthi
- Biology Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Al Hawiyah 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Abugomaa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Amal Awad
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-0102-127-6993
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lima T, Fernandes L, Matias M, Mateus A, Silveira E, Domingues S, Pomba C, Da Silva GJ. Longitudinal Study Detects the Co-Carriage of ESBL and mcr-1 and -4 Genes in Escherichia coli Strains in a Portuguese Farrow-to-Finish Swine Herd. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172209. [PMID: 36077929 PMCID: PMC9454694 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cephalosporins and polymyxins are employed in antimicrobial protocols to control and treat neonatal infections and post-weaning diarrhoea in swine operations. We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate the colonization and transmission of antibiotic–resistant Escherichia coli in sows and their piglets in a farrow-to-finish operation, focusing on characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) and mcr genes, virulence traits and genetic relatedness. A total of 293 E. coli isolates were obtained from faecal samples collected in five time points. At birth blaCTX-M-1group cluster was detected in E. coli isolates from 9 sows and 49 piglets (73.41%), while in the following four’ piglets sampling moments it was detected in 91.8%, 57.6%, 71.4% and 97.4%. The gene mcr-1 was detected in E. coli from one sow and from three piglets from different litters at birth and increased in the first weeks of piglet life (68.85%, 100%, 90% and 8.1%). A new mcr-4 allele, mcr-4.7, was identified in 3.28%, 28.57%, 7.5% of E. coli isolates. Most mcr-positive E. coli isolates (96,7%) carried blaCTX-M-1Group genes and 93,33% carried both mcr-4 and mcr-1. CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-32 were the most predominant ESBLs. Plasmids belonged to IncI1, IncF and IncN groups. Most isolates belong to phylogenetic group B1; PAI IV536 marker was detected in nine isolates. The strains were kept in the different stages of the piglets’ life. The use of ceftiofur and colistin may explain the high prevalence and co-selection of blaCTX-M-1Group and mcr-1 and/or -4 genes, contributing to the maintenance of resistant and virulent isolates throughout the pig life cycle that may reach the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laura Fernandes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistance, CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Matias
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Mateus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Silveira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School Vasco Da Gama, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Domingues
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistance, CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (G.J.D.S.); Tel.: +351-213-652-037 (C.P.); +351-239-488-460 (G.J.D.S.)
| | - Gabriela Jorge Da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-458 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (G.J.D.S.); Tel.: +351-213-652-037 (C.P.); +351-239-488-460 (G.J.D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu J, Wang D, Huang X, Yang Y, Lian X, Wang W, Xu X, Liu Y. Effects of TolC on the pathogenicity of porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. Front Immunol 2022; 13:929740. [PMID: 36059454 PMCID: PMC9433895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a well-known critical pathogenic zoonosis that causes extraintestinal infections in humans and animals by affecting their immune organs. Recently, research on the outer membrane protein of E. coli, tolerant colicin (TolC), a virulent protein in the formation of the ExPEC efflux pump, has been an attractive subject. However, the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of TolC in the pathogenesis of the ExPEC strain PPECC42; a complementation strain (Cm-TolC) and an isogenic mutant (ΔTolC) were constructed. Loss of TolC drastically impaired the virulence of ExPEC in an experimental mouse model. ΔTolC showed a substantial decrease in the porcine aortic vascular endothelial cell (PAVEC) adherence, invasion, and pro-inflammatory response, in contrast to that of the wild type, with a reduced survival ratio in both the bacterial load and whole blood in mice. ΔTolC also showed decreased expression of necroptosis signals such as receptor-interacting protein kinase 1, phosphorylated mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein, and mitochondrial proteins such as phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5. Our data suggest that TolC is closely associated with ExPEC pathogenesis. These results provide scientific grounds for exploring the potential of TolC as an effective drug target for controlling ExPEC infection, screening new inhibitors, and developing new drugs. This will allow for further prevention and control of ExPEC infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingfa Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Lian
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yulan Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Distribution of Pathogenicity Island Markers and Virulence Factors Genes of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm-121044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) can colonize the urinary system with various virulence factors. Escaping from the host defense, can lead to serious infections, such as bacteremia and sepsis. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the presence of phylogenetic groups, various virulence factor genes, and pathogenicity island (PAI) markers of extraintestinal and commensal E. coli isolates. Methods: Within January 2016 and December 2017, 50 E. coli isolates were isolated from simultaneous blood and urine samples of 25 patients hospitalized in Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey, and 50 commensal E. coli isolates were isolated from fecal 18 samples of healthy volunteers as the control group was included in the study. Phylogenetic groups, virulence factors genes, and PAI markers were determined by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Results: The majority of ExPEC isolates were observed to be in phylogenetic group B2. All of the commensal E. coli isolates were detected in phylogenetic group A. The most predominant virulence factor gene was traT (80%). The most prevalent PAI marker was PAI IV536 (86%). However, the PAI I536, IJ96, and IIJ96 markers were not detected in any isolates. Only PAI IV536 was detected in commensal E. coli isolates. Conclusions: It was determined that E. coli isolates that cause uropathogenic and bloodstream infections contain a higher frequency of PAI than commensal isolates.
Collapse
|
13
|
Firoozeh F, Zibaei M, Badmasti F, Khaledi A. Virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and the relationship between these characteristics in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
14
|
Belas A, Marques C, Menezes J, da Gama LT, Cavaco-Silva P, Pomba C. ESBL/ pAmpC-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Non-Related Companion Animals and Humans. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050559. [PMID: 35625203 PMCID: PMC9137695 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli are frequently diagnosed in humans and companion animals. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and cephalosporinase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli are worldwide-disseminated and frequently multidrug-resistant, hence leading to treatment failure and public health concerns. This study aimed to characterize and compare ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli strains causing community-acquired UTI in companion animals and non-related humans. Third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant E. coli (companion animals n = 35; humans n = 85) isolated from patients with UTI were tested against 14 antimicrobials following CLSI guidelines. PCR-based assays were used to detect the major E. coli phylogenetic groups, pathogenicity associated-islands (PAIs), virulence genes, and ESBLs/pAmpC resistance genes. ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates were typed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and PCR. E. coli strains from companion animals and humans shared two MDR high-risk clonal lineages: ST131 and ST648. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first description of E. coli ST131 clade C1-M27 and the clonal lineage ST131 clade A in humans with community-acquired UTI in Portugal. Considering that companion animals with UTI are generally treated at home by the owners, measures should be implemented to avoid the spread of multidrug-resistant high-risk clones to humans and their household environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Belas
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Marques
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Menezes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Telo da Gama
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Cavaco-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal;
- Technophage, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal or (A.B.); or (C.M.); (J.M.); (L.T.d.G.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Phylogenicity and Virulence Profiles of Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates in the Ho Teaching Hospital of Ghana. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1347033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background. Escherichia coli bacteria are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming aerobes or facultative anaerobic rods. Some strains are pathogenic in men while others are commensals in the gut. The pathogenic strains cause a wide array of diseases by virtue of virulence factors. The commensal strains are generally categorized into phylogenetic groups A and B1. The aim of this study was to determine the association between phylogeny of E. coli isolates and virulence and sociodemographic characteristics of the study subjects. Method. This study was a cross-sectional study carried out from July 2018 to June 2019. E. coli isolates obtained from different clinical specimens were subjected to polymerase chain reaction to determine their phylogenetic groupings and virulence. Results. The majority of the isolates belonged to phylogroup A 101 (74.8%), and the predominant virulent gene was fimA (88.9%). There was no significant correlation between phylogenicity and virulence, except for chuA which was found in all isolates that belonged to phylogroups clade I and D. None of the 101 isolates that belonged to group A had the chuA virulence gene. There was a significant association between patient age category and phylogenetic groups B1 and D. Conclusions. This study assessed the relationship between the phylogenetic distribution and the virulence profile of clinical isolates of E. coli. The virulence of isolates belonging to phylogroup A, which are generally considered as commensals, is alarming. Measures must therefore be put in place to control the spread of these virulent E. coli.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abdelrahim SS, Fouad M, Abdallah N, Ahmed RF, Zaki S. Comparative Study of CTX-M-15 Producing Escherichia coli ST131 Clone Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections and Acute Diarrhoea. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4027-4038. [PMID: 34616160 PMCID: PMC8487868 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s325669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The alarming increase in the prevalence of CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli has been significantly linked to the clonal expansion of emerging sequence type (ST131). This study aimed to screen for the O16/O25-ST131 clones among different phylogenetic types of E. coli strains isolated from urinary and diarrhoeal samples. Methods A total of 205 E. coli strains isolated from patients with UTI and acute diarrhoea were investigated by phenotypic and genotypic methods for ESBL identification. Molecular methods were used for identification of O25/O16-ST131 clone and phylogenetic typing of E. coli isolates. Results O25-ST131 clone was detected in 89/105 (84.8%) and 47/100 (47%) of urinary and intestinal E. coli isolates, respectively, with a significant difference (P-value<0.001). There was a significant high rate of occurrence of ESBLs, MDR, and antibiotic resistance to most antibiotic classes among O25-ST131 than non-O25-ST131 isolates. CTX-M-15 gene was detected in 64/71 (90%) of ESBLs producing intestinal isolates and 54/79 (68.4%) of urinary ESBLs producing isolates. The O25-ST131 clone was reported among all phylogenetic groups. The O16-ST131 clone serotype was not detected in the study isolates. Conclusion High prevalence of the O25-ST131 clone was reported among extraintestinal and intestinal E. coli isolates. First detection of the O25-ST131 clone among phylogenetic groups other than group B2 draws attention of the ability of this clone to transfer among commensal groups. An increasing in the prevalence of CTX-M-15 among E. coli strains especially of intestinal origin is alarming as the intestine is the main reservoir for ExPEC strains causing UTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha S Abdelrahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Magdy Fouad
- Tropical Medicine Department, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nilly Abdallah
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha F Ahmed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Zaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
El-Mahdy R, Mahmoud R, Shrief R. Characterization of E. coli Phylogroups Causing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3183-3193. [PMID: 34429618 PMCID: PMC8378909 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s325770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Characterization of different uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) phylogroups is crucial to understand pathogenesis of urinary tract infection (UTI). The objective of our study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern, biofilm formation and pathogenicity islands (PAIs) of UPEC phylogroups isolated from catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) compared to community UTI (Com-UTI). PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 90 UPEC strains recovered from CAUTI and Com-UTI. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the Kirby-Bauer method and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed using the combined disk. The biofilm formation was tested using the microtiter plate assay. Main E. coli phylogroups (A, B1, B2 and D) were detected by multiplex PCR and 2 multiplex PCR detected the 8 PAIs. RESULTS Antibiotic resistance of UPEC strains showed a similar high resistance in CAUTI and Com-UTI. Isolates from CAUTI significantly produced biofilm higher than Com-UTI strains (68.9% vs 44.4%). In CAUTI and Com-UTI isolates, phylogroup A was the commonest (53.3% vs 48.9%, respectively). PAI IV536 was the most common in the strains from CAUTI (71.1%) and Com-UTI (73.3%). No significant relationship was detected between the studied characters and different phylogroups except the significant resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam among phylogroups from CAUTI isolates. CONCLUSION Increased antibiotic resistance and ESBLs were detected in UPEC strains from CAUTI and Com-UTI. The strains from CAUTI significantly produced biofilm higher than Com-UTI strains. Phylogroup A was the predominate phylogroup and PAI IV536 was the most prevalent marker in all phylogroups from both types of UTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha El-Mahdy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Mahmoud
- Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raghdaa Shrief
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
El-Shaer S, Abdel-Rhman SH, Barwa R, Hassan R. Genetic characterization of extended-spectrum β-Lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from Egyptian hospitals and environments. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255219. [PMID: 34297783 PMCID: PMC8301635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, Escherichia coli (E. coli) have acquired extensive resistance to antibiotics; especially β- lactams. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase producers among E. coli isolates and their correlation with serotypes, phylogenetic background, and pathogenicity associated islands. A total of 105 E. coli strains were isolated and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against β-lactam antibiotics. All isolates showed a high resistance profile. Resistant isolates were tested for ESBL and carbapenemase production. Fifty-three and 18 isolates were positive for ESBL and carbapenemase producers, respectively. ESBL and carbapenemase genes were detected by PCR. TEM gene was the most prevalent gene among all isolates followed by SHV and CTX-M15. In carbapenemase-producers, OXA-48 and IMP were the predominant genes. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) were the major producers of ESBL and carbapenemase, respectively as indicated by serodiagnosis. They were further assessed for the presence of pathogenicity islands (PAIs) and phylogenetic background. The most predominant DEC PAI and ExPEC PAI were HPI and IICFT073. Most clinically ESBL-producers were group D and B2 while environmentally ones were group B1 and A. On contrary, clinically carbapenemase-producers belonged to group C and D. In conclusion, our study confirms the importance of phylogenetic group D, B2, and C origin for antibiotic resistance in E. coli. Ultimately, our findings support the fact that environmental isolates contribute to the local spread of E. coli pathogenicity in Egypt and these isolates maybe serve as reservoirs for transmission of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha El-Shaer
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa H. Abdel-Rhman
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Barwa
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ramadan Hassan
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Matinfar S, Ahmadi M, Sisakht AM, Sadeghi J, Javedansirat S. Phylogenetic and antibiotics resistance in extended-spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: An update review. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Role of Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Gut-Brain Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084235. [PMID: 33921831 PMCID: PMC8073592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human intestinal microbiota comprise of a dynamic population of bacterial species and other microorganisms with the capacity to interact with the rest of the organism and strongly influence the host during homeostasis and disease. Commensal and pathogenic bacteria coexist in homeostasis with the intestinal epithelium and the gastrointestinal tract’s immune system, or GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue), of the host. However, a disruption to this homeostasis or dysbiosis by different factors (e.g., stress, diet, use of antibiotics, age, inflammatory processes) can cause brain dysfunction given the communication between the gut and brain. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bacteria have emerged as possible carriers in gut-brain communication through the interaction of their vesicle components with immune receptors, which lead to neuroinflammatory immune response activation. This review discusses the critical role of bacterial EVs from the gut in the neuropathology of brain dysfunctions by modulating the immune response. These vesicles, which contain harmful bacterial EV contents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycans, toxins and nucleic acids, are capable of crossing tissue barriers including the blood-brain barrier and interacting with the immune receptors of glial cells (e.g., Toll-like receptors) to lead to the production of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, which can cause brain impairment and behavioral dysfunctions.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chaalal N, Touati A, Yahiaoui-Martinez A, Aissa MA, Sotto A, Lavigne JP, Pantel A. Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Chicken Meat in Western Algeria. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:991-1002. [PMID: 33428521 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In Algeria, colistin is used as a metaphylactic treatment in the poultry industry for the treatment of Gram-negative gastrointestinal infections and also as a feed additive to promote animal growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance and genetic characteristics of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales from chicken meat in Western Algeria. Results: A total of 181 samples of chicken meat were collected from three poultry farms across three provinces in Western Algeria. The presence of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales isolates was screened on selective media. Resistance and virulence profiles were characterised by PCR and sequencing. The clonal relatedness of the different mcr positive isolates was studied using repetitive sequence-based PCR (Rep-PCR) and multilocus sequence typing. Transferability and characteristics of plasmids harboring mcr-1 positive gene were performed using conjugation, PCR-based replicon typing, and whole-genome sequencing. A total of 22 isolates with acquired colistin resistance were identified giving an overall prevalence of 12.2% (22/181): 17 Escherichia coli (predominantly ST224 [n = 4, 23.5%]) and 5 Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST17 [n = 2, 40%], ST646 [n = 2, 40%], and ST944 [n = 1, 20%]). mcr-1 gene was exclusively found in 11 E. coli (prevalence of 6.1% [11/181]) and was associated with IncFV (n = 7) and IncFIIK (n = 4) plasmids. All the isolates had a commensal origin (n = 11). One isolate harbored virulence profile, a high colistin resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration = 96 mg/L), with some new mutations in the chromosomic colistin-resistant genes and different pathogenicity islands typically identified in uropathogenic E. coli. Conclusions: This study reports the diffusion of mcr-1 producing Enterobacterales from chicken meat in Western Algeria. This represents a worrisome situation needing continuous monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Chaalal
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria.,VBMI, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Abdelaziz Touati
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Alex Yahiaoui-Martinez
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Mohamed Amine Aissa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National Institute of Veterinarian Sciences, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Albert Sotto
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Alix Pantel
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, CHU Nîmes, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hossain M, Tabassum T, Rahman A, Hossain A, Afroze T, Momen AMI, Sadique A, Sarker M, Shams F, Ishtiaque A, Khaleque A, Alam M, Huq A, Ahsan GU, Colwell RR. Genotype-phenotype correlation of β-lactamase-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains from Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14549. [PMID: 32883963 PMCID: PMC7471317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a pathogen commonly encountered in clinical laboratories, and is capable of causing a variety of diseases, both within the intestinal tract (intestinal pathogenic strains) and outside (extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, or ExPEC). It is associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. This report represents the first comparative analysis of the draft genome sequences of 11 uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains isolated from two tertiary hospitals located in Dhaka and Sylhet, Bangladesh, and is focused on comparing their genomic characteristics to each other and to other available UPEC strains. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) confirmed the strains belong to ST59, ST131, ST219, ST361, ST410, ST448 and ST4204, with one of the isolates classified as a previously undocumented ST. De novo identification of the antibiotic resistance genes blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7, blaCTX-M-15 and blaOXA-1 was determined, and phenotypic-genotypic analysis of virulence revealed significant heterogeneity within UPEC phylogroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maqsud Hossain
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tahmina Tabassum
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aura Rahman
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arman Hossain
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Afroze
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Mueed Ibne Momen
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdus Sadique
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mrinmoy Sarker
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fariza Shams
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Ishtiaque
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Khaleque
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Munirul Alam
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Huq
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Gias U Ahsan
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rita R Colwell
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. .,University of Maryland Institute of Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. .,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ahani F, Pirouzi A, Mohsenzadeh M, Khaledi A. Evaluate the presence of class 1 integrons among uropathogenic Escherichia coli recovered from children urinary tract infection; a systematic review and meta-analysis. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Rasoulinasab M, Shahcheraghi F, Feizabadi MM, Nikmanesh B, Hajihasani A, Sabeti S, Aslani MM. Distribution of Pathogenicity Island Markers and H-Antigen Types of Escherichia coli O25b/ST131 Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 27:369-382. [PMID: 32716242 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli serogroup O25b-sequence type 131 (E. coli O25b/ST131) is known as a multidrug-resistant organism with high virulence potential and has received attention internationally. We aim to investigate the prevalence of O25b/ST131 and the distribution of blaCTX-M-15, pathogenicity island (PAI) markers, phylogenetic groups, and H-antigen typing in the E. coli O25b/ST131 isolated from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) in Tehran, the capital of Iran. Seventy (26.9%) E. coli isolates were identified as O25b/ST131. There was also a significant difference in the prevalence of virulence genes, including papA, sfa, sat, cnf1, iutA, kpMII, traT, and usp, in the O25b/ST131 isolates rather than non-O25b/ST131 ones (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, 78% of the O25b/ST131 isolates carried four to seven PAIs, while 71% of non-O25b/ST131 isolates carried two to four PAI markers (p ≤ 0.05). Our study showed that in addition to H4, other H-antigens may play a role in the O25b/ST131 virulence potential. Besides, a significant association was found between the history of previous UTIs and infection among the O25b/ST131 clone isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed circulating of O25b:H4-ST131/PST43 clone in both hospital and community. Approximately one in every three uropathogenic E. coli isolates was the O25b/ST131 clone, representing a significant public health threat. Practical investigation on O25b/ST131 can be helpful in better understanding of ST131 evolution and controlling UTI in hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Nikmanesh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azade Hajihasani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Sabeti
- Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
The Frequency of PAI, aer and traT Genes in Escherichia coli Commensal and Urinary Pathogenic E. coli Isolates in Shahrekord and the Relationship Between the Two Groups by Multiplex PCR. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.98683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nosocomial infections are acquired during hospital treatment or in a hospital environment. One such infecting agent is uropathogenic Escherichia coli and many virulence genes enable it to become pathogenic, thereby causing damage to the host. Objectives: This study aimed to identify aer, traT, and PAI genes in E. coli isolates collected from fecal and urinary tract infection (UTI) specimens and determine the relationship between them in both populations studied in a center in Iran by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Methods: Seventy-five isolates of E. coli from the urine of inpatients and 75 isolates from commensal fecal without UTI and diarrhea were collected. The E. coli bacteria were detected and isolated, using biochemical techniques and supplementary tests in the Microbiology Laboratory of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern for 14 antibiotics was done utilizing the disc diffusion method. The existence of aer, traT, and PAI virulence genes among all isolates was investigated by multiplex PCR. Results: Among the urinary pathogenic E. coli isolates, the highest antibiotic resistance was observed in cefazolin, ampicillin, and cotrimoxazole antibiotics. The prevalence rates of aer, traT, and PAI genes in the fecal isolates were 92%, 90.6%, and 46.6%, respectively. Further, their prevalence rates in urine isolates were 96%, 97.3%, and 41.3%, in that order. Conclusions: The presence of the high frequency of pathogenic islands (PAIs), especially in fecal samples, is important because these genes are easily transmitted and convert a commensal bacterium into a pathogen. Because only the genome of pathogenic bacteria has been unwrapped, little attention has been paid to PAIs in commensal bacteria.
Collapse
|
26
|
Virulence Potential of a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain Belonging to the Emerging Clonal Group ST101-B1 Isolated from Bloodstream Infection. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060827. [PMID: 32486334 PMCID: PMC7355805 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli EC121 is a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain isolated from a bloodstream infection of an inpatient with persistent gastroenteritis and T-zone lymphoma that died due to septic shock. Despite causing an extraintestinal infection, previous studies showed that it did not have the usual characteristics of an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Instead, it belonged to phylogenetic group B1 and harbored few known virulence genes. To evaluate the pathogenic potential of strain EC121, an extensive genome sequencing and in vitro characterization of various pathogenicity-associated properties were performed. The genomic analysis showed that strain EC121 harbors more than 50 complete virulence genetic clusters. It also displays the capacity to adhere to a variety of epithelial cell lineages and invade T24 bladder cells, as well as the ability to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, and survive the bactericidal serum complement activity. Additionally, EC121 was shown to be virulent in the Galleria mellonella model. Furthermore, EC121 is an MDR strain harboring 14 antimicrobial resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-2. Completing the scenario, it belongs to serotype O154:H25 and to sequence type 101-B1, which has been epidemiologically linked to extraintestinal infections as well as to antimicrobial resistance spread. This study with E. coli strain EC121 shows that clinical isolates considered opportunistic might be true pathogens that go underestimated.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Host iron restriction is a common mechanism for limiting the growth of pathogens. We compared the regulatory network controlled by Fur in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) to that of nonpathogenic E. coli K-12 to uncover strategies that pathogenic bacteria use to overcome iron limitation. Although iron homeostasis functions were regulated by Fur in the uropathogen as expected, a surprising finding was the activation of the stringent and general stress responses in the uropathogen fur mutant, which was rescued by amino acid addition. This coordinated global response could be important in controlling growth and survival under nutrient-limiting conditions and during transitions from the nutrient-rich environment of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract to the more restrictive environment of the urinary tract. The coupling of the response of iron limitation to increased demand for amino acids could be a critical attribute that sets UPEC apart from other E. coli pathotypes. Pathogenicity islands and plasmids bear genes for pathogenesis of various Escherichia coli pathotypes. Although there is a basic understanding of the contribution of these virulence factors to disease, less is known about variation in regulatory networks in determining disease phenotypes. Here, we dissected a regulatory network directed by the conserved iron homeostasis regulator, ferric uptake regulator (Fur), in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain CFT073. Comparing anaerobic genome-scale Fur DNA binding with Fur-dependent transcript expression and protein levels of the uropathogen to that of commensal E. coli K-12 strain MG1655 showed that the Fur regulon of the core genome is conserved but also includes genes within the pathogenicity/genetic islands. Unexpectedly, regulons indicative of amino acid limitation and the general stress response were also indirectly activated in the uropathogen fur mutant, suggesting that induction of the Fur regulon increases amino acid demand. Using RpoS levels as a proxy, addition of amino acids mitigated the stress. In addition, iron chelation increased RpoS to the same levels as in the fur mutant. The increased amino acid demand of the fur mutant or iron chelated cells was exacerbated by aerobic conditions, which could be partly explained by the O2-dependent synthesis of the siderophore aerobactin, encoded by an operon within a pathogenicity island. Taken together, these data suggest that in the iron-poor environment of the urinary tract, amino acid availability could play a role in the proliferation of this uropathogen, particularly if there is sufficient O2 to produce aerobactin.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ballesteros-Monrreal MG, Arenas-Hernández MMP, Enciso-Martínez Y, Martínez-de la Peña CF, Rocha-Gracia RDC, Lozano-Zaraín P, Navarro-Ocaña A, Martínez-Laguna Y, de la Rosa-López R. Virulence and Resistance Determinants of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women from Two States in Mexico. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:295-310. [PMID: 32099421 PMCID: PMC6997036 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s226215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) and it is known that pregnant women have a higher risk for UTI. UPEC has a variety of virulence and antibiotic resistance factors that facilitate its pathogenic success and it is crucial to know which are the susceptibility patterns, Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL) production, virulence genes, pathogenicity islands (PAI), phylogenetic groups and serotypes among strains isolated from pregnant and non-pregnant women. METHODS One hundred fifty UPEC strains were isolated from pregnant and non-pregnant women from two different Mexican states (Sonora and Puebla). Strains were analyzed using the Kirby-Bauer method for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility and ESBL. Virulence genes, PAIs and phylogenetic groups were determined using a multiplex PCR. Strains were serotyped by an agglutination assay. Blood agar and CAS agar were used for phenotypic assays. RESULTS 92.7% of UPEC strains showed multidrug-resistant (MDR), 6.7% extremely-resistant (XDR) and 0.6% pandrug-resistant (PDR). The highest resistance was determined to be for β-lactam antibiotics (>72% in both states) and 44.5% of the UPEC strains were ESBL+. The predominant virulence genes found were fimH (100%), iucD (85%) and iha (60%). The strains isolated from pregnant women from Puebla presented a large percentage of genes associated with upper urinary tract infections. PAIs were found in 51% and 68% of the strains from Sonora and Puebla, respectively. All the strains were siderophores producers and 41.5% produced hemolysis. The serotypes found were diverse and belonged to phylogroups A, B2 and C. CONCLUSION The UPEC strains from this study are MDR with tendency to XDR or PDR, they can cause upper UTIs and are serotypically and phylogenetically diverse, which supports the need to develop new strategies for UTI treatment in pregnant and non-pregnant Mexican women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel G Ballesteros-Monrreal
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Margarita MP Arenas-Hernández
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Yessica Enciso-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Norte, Caborca, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Claudia F Martínez-de la Peña
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Rosa del C Rocha-Gracia
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Patricia Lozano-Zaraín
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Armando Navarro-Ocaña
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Rafael de la Rosa-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Norte, Caborca, Sonora, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Belas A, Marques C, Aboim C, Pomba C. Emergence of Escherichia coli ST131 H30/H30-Rx subclones in companion animals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:266-269. [PMID: 30295738 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Belas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Tecnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Marques
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Tecnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Aboim
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Tecnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Tecnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jung JH, Hong HJ, Gharderpour A, Cho JY, Baek BS, Hur Y, Kim BC, Kim D, Seong SY, Lim JY, Seo SU. Differential interleukin-1β induction by uropathogenic Escherichia coli correlates with its phylotype and serum C-reactive protein levels in Korean infants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15654. [PMID: 31666593 PMCID: PMC6821743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants less than age 1 year. UTIs frequently recur and result in long-term effects include sepsis and renal scarring. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most prevalent organism found in UTIs, can cause host inflammation via various virulence factors including hemolysin and cytotoxic necrotizing factors by inducing inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β. However, the ability of each UPEC organism to induce IL-1β production may differ by strain. Furthermore, the correlation between differential IL-1β induction and its relevance in pathology has not been well studied. In this study, we isolated UPEC from children under age 24 months and infected bone-marrow derived macrophages with the isolates to investigate secretion of IL-1β. We found that children with higher concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) were more likely to harbor phylotype B2 UPEC strains that induced more IL-1β production than phylotype D. We also observed a significant correlation between serum CRP level and in vitro IL-1β induction by phylotype B2 UPEC bacteria. Our results highlight the diversity of UPEC in terms of IL-1β induction capacity in macrophages and suggest a potential pathogenic role in UTIs by inducing inflammation in infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyeok Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Aziz Gharderpour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Seo Baek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hur
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Choul Kim
- Division of Nano-bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Seong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea. .,Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Uk Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea. .,Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen SL, Ding Y, Apisarnthanarak A, Kalimuddin S, Archuleta S, Omar SFS, De PP, Koh TH, Chew KL, Atiya N, Suwantarat N, Velayuthan RD, Wong JGX, Lye DC. The higher prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases among Escherichia coli ST131 in Southeast Asia is driven by expansion of a single, locally prevalent subclone. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13245. [PMID: 31519972 PMCID: PMC6744567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ST131 multilocus sequence type (MLST) of Escherichia coli is a globally successful pathogen whose dissemination is increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. Numerous global surveys have demonstrated the pervasiveness of this clone; in some regions ST131 accounts for up to 30% of all E. coli isolates. However, many regions are underrepresented in these published surveys, including Africa, South America, and Asia. We collected consecutive bloodstream E. coli isolates from three countries in Southeast Asia; ST131 was the most common MLST type. As in other studies, the C2/H30Rx clade accounted for the majority of ST131 strains. Clinical risk factors were similar to other reported studies. However, we found that nearly all of the C2 strains in this study were closely related, forming what we denote the SEA-C2 clone. The SEA-C2 clone is enriched for strains from Asia, particularly Southeast Asia and Singapore. The SEA-C2 clone accounts for all of the excess resistance and virulence of ST131 relative to non-ST131 E. coli. The SEA-C2 strains appear to be locally circulating and dominant in Southeast Asia, despite the intuition that high international connectivity and travel would enable frequent opportunities for other strains to establish themselves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swaine L Chen
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Ying Ding
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308442, Singapore
| | - Anucha Apisarnthanarak
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, 95 Phahonyothin Rd, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Shirin Kalimuddin
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 3, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Sophia Archuleta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,University Medicine Cluster, Division of Infectious Diseases, National University Hospital, , 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Sharifah Faridah Syed Omar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Partha Pratim De
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Tse Hsien Koh
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Academia, Diagnostics Tower, Level 7, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Kean Lee Chew
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Nadia Atiya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nuntra Suwantarat
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Rukumani Devi Velayuthan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joshua Guo Xian Wong
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - David C Lye
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308442, Singapore. .,Communicable Diseases Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mohammadzadeh M, Tavakoli M, Yaslianifard S, Asadi E, Golmohammadi R, Mirnejad R. Genetic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from kidney transplant recipients. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:1795-1803. [PMID: 31372004 PMCID: PMC6636430 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s200811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are a common cause of transplant rejection, morbidity, and mortality among kidney transplant recipients. The virulence of UPEC strains differs based on their pathogenicity islands (PAIs) and susceptibility to antibiotics. The present study evaluates the clonal relationship and antibiotic susceptibility of UPEC PAI-genotypes among Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from kidney transplant patients. Patients and methods A total of 115 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were collected from kidney transplant recipients with acute urinary tract infections (UTIs). Isolates were typed based on the presence of PAI-markers, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The disk diffusion method was performed for the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates. Results According to the PAI-specific virulence markers, 69 (60%), 21 (18.3%), and 25 (21.7%) isolates were identified as genotypes related to UPEC 536, UPEC J96, and UPEC CFT073 strains, respectively. PAI III536 genotypes were the most prevalent genotype in this study. The findings showed a high-sensitivity to imipenem (93.9%) and nitrofurantoin (91.3%) and a low-sensitivity to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (36.5%). Clonal association and similar antibiotic susceptibility pattern were seen in the PAI-related genotypes. Conclusion Due to a similar pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of these clonal groups and increased resistance to some important antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of urinary tract infections, especially in kidney transplant patients, the spread of these clones should be considered as a serious concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Tavakoli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Yaslianifard
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Asadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Golmohammadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Daga AP, Koga VL, Soncini JGM, de Matos CM, Perugini MRE, Pelisson M, Kobayashi RKT, Vespero EC. Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections in Patients at a University Hospital: Virulence Factors and Clinical Characteristics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:191. [PMID: 31245301 PMCID: PMC6563721 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) isolates are responsible for many bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was to characterize E. coli isolated from the bloodstreams of patients (n = 48) at the University Hospital in Brazil. Epidemiological data were obtained through the analysis of medical records and laboratory tests. By PCR analysis, we investigated the presence of virulence factors (VFs), pathogenicity islands (PAIs), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), phylogenetic classifications (A, B1, B2, C, D, E, and F) and molecular genotype by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). The mortality analysis showed that 33.3% of the deaths were associated with bacteraemia due to E. coli infections; in addition, an age between 60 and 75 years (p < 0.001; OR = 6.3[2.1–18.9]) and bacteraemia with an abdominal origin (p = 0.02; OR = 5[1.2–20.5]) were risk factors for the severity of the infection. Additionally, the presence of the afa gene was associated with mortality due to E. coli bacteraemia (p = 0.027; OR = 11.4[1.5–85.7]). Immunosuppression (27.1%), intestinal diseases (25.0%) and diabetes (18.8%), were prevalent among patients, and most of the bacteraemia cases were secondary to urinary tract infections (50.0%). The serum resistance gene traT was present in 77.1% of isolates, group capsular 2 (kpsMT II) was present in 45.8% and the K5 capsule was present in 20.8% of isolates. The isolates also showed a high prevalence for the siderophore yersiniabactina (fyuA) (70.8%) and PAI IV536 (77.1%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that group B2 (45.8%) was the most prevalent, and was the phylogroup that had a higher prevalence of VFs and PAIs. However, in this study, a considerable number of isolated bacteria were classified as group B1 (18.8%) and as group E (14.6%). Eight (16.7%) isolates were resistant to third and fourth generation cephalosporin and group CTX-M-1 (CTX-M-15) was the most prevalent ESBL type. The molecular genotyping showed two clonal lineages and several isolates that were not related to each other. This study provides additional information on the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of E. coli bloodstream infections in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Daga
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Lumi Koga
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel Material Soncini
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Caroline Martins de Matos
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Eches Perugini
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marsileni Pelisson
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Carolina Vespero
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mirsepasi-Lauridsen HC, Vallance BA, Krogfelt KA, Petersen AM. Escherichia coli Pathobionts Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2019; 32:e00060-18. [PMID: 30700431 PMCID: PMC6431131 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00060-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut bacteria play a key role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the gut tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by supplying antigens or other stimulatory factors that trigger immune cell activation. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in IBD patients compared to that in healthy controls and a reduced diversity of intestinal microbial species are linked to the pathogenesis of IBD. Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been linked to Crohn's disease (CD) patients, while diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) has been associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Bacteriological analysis of intestinal biopsy specimens and fecal samples from IBD patients shows an increased number of E. coli strains belonging to the B2 phylogenetic group, which are typically known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Results from studies of both cell cultures and animal models reveal pathogenic features of these E. coli pathobionts, which may link them to IBD pathogenesis. This suggests that IBD-associated E. coli strains play a facilitative role during IBD flares. In this review, we explain IBD-associated E. coli and its role in IBD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce Andrew Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Viral and Microbiological Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Munk Petersen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Incidence of multidrug resistance, pathogenicity island markers, and pathoadaptive FimH mutations in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from asymptomatic hospitalized patients. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:587-600. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
36
|
GHAZVINI H, TAHERI K, EDALATI E, SEDIGHI M, MIRKALANTARI S. Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in uropathogenic Escherichiacoli strains isolated from cystitis and pyelonephritis. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:361-367. [PMID: 30761847 PMCID: PMC7350878 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1805-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of virulence genes as well as patterns of antibiotic resistance in cystitis and pyelonephritis uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates. Materials and methods Two hundred UPEC isolates were collected from hospitalized patients with pyelonephritis (n = 50) and cystitis (n = 150) in Shafa Hospital in Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL production were determined with confirmatory tests. Polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to determine the prevalence of virulence genes in UPEC strains. Results Of a total 200 UPEC isolates, the highest and lowest resistance rates to antibiotics were for cephalexin (74%) and nitrofurantoin (9%), respectively. Of these isolates, 72 (36%) and 128 (64%) strains were ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative, respectively. The frequency of fimH, papC, and hly was 64%, 38%, and 12%, respectively. The most commonly identified virulence gene in ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative strains was fimH 46 (23%) and 86 (43%), respectively. The hlyA gene was more prevalent among patients with pyelonephritis than cystitis. Conclusion The frequency of virulence genes was not significantly different between pyelonephritis and cystitis UPEC strains in the studied patients, but the prevalence rates of hlyA and papC genes were higher among UPEC strains isolated from inpatients compared to outpatients; hence, they could be considered as useful targets for prophylactic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keyvan TAHERI
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, DamghanIran
| | - Elahe EDALATI
- Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, KermanIran
| | - Mansour SEDIGHI
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranIran
- Azarbaijan-Gharbi Regional Blood Transfusion Center, UrmiaIran
| | - Shiva MIRKALANTARI
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranIran
- Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
de Cássia Bicudo L, Oba E, Bicudo SD, da Silva Leite D, Siqueira AK, de Souza Monobe MM, Nogueira M, de Figueiredo Pantoja JC, Listoni FJP, Ribeiro MG. Virulence factors and phylogenetic group profile of uterine Escherichia coli in early postpartum of high-producing dairy cows. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is the most common contaminant of the bovine uterus in the first few weeks postpartum, and one of the most important pathogens involved in uterine infections. This bacterium is characterised by diverse virulence factors (VF); however, the profile of E. coli VF in physiologic postpartum uterine contamination is not well established. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of intrauterine bacteria, a set of virulence factors and phylogroups of E. coli isolates, leukogram and uterine cytology in 75 Holstein cows at 24 h (Sampling time 1) and 14 days (Sampling time 2) postpartum. Escherichia coli, α-haemolytic Streptococcus, Trueperella pyogenes, and Pasteurella multocida were the most common microorganisms isolated in pure culture, whereas E. coli and Clostridium perfringens Type A, E. coli and α-haemolytic Streptococcus, and E. coli and Proteus mirabilis were the most frequent microorganisms in mixed colonies at both studied sampling times. In the 59 E. coli isolates after 24 h (n = 35) and 14 days (n = 24) postpartum, the genes detected for VF were fimH, iucD/aer, kps, hlyA, usp, vt1 and vt2. Most E. coli strains detected in both moments of study belonged to Commensal phylogenetic groups A and B1, whereas Pathogenic groups D and B2 were identified at 24 h and 14 days postpartum respectively. All cows presented suitable immune response against the presence of bacteria in uterine lumen, observed by leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytosis and monocytosis at leukogram and a high number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in uterine cytology, in both studied moments. Thus, a complex diversity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is involved in uterine contamination in the early postpartum of cows, besides the predominance of E. coli. Moreover, the genes fimH, iucD/aer, hlyA, kps, usp, vt1 and vt2 play a key role in the virulence of E. coli in this period.
Collapse
|
38
|
Barrios-Villa E, Cortés-Cortés G, Lozano-Zaraín P, Arenas-Hernández MMDLP, Martínez de la Peña CF, Martínez-Laguna Y, Torres C, Rocha-Gracia RDC. Adherent/invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) isolates from asymptomatic people: new E. coli ST131 O25:H4/H30-Rx virotypes. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2018; 17:42. [PMID: 30526606 PMCID: PMC6287351 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-018-0295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread Escherichia coli clone ST131 implicated in multidrug-resistant infections has been recently reported, the majority belonging to O25:H4 serotype and classified into five main virotypes in accordance with the virulence genes carried. METHODS Pathogenicity Islands I and II (PAI-I and PAI-II) were determined using conventional PCR protocols from a set of four E. coli CTXR ST131 O25:H4/H30-Rx strains collected from healthy donors' stool. The virulence genes patterns were also analyzed and compared them with the virotypes reported previously; then adherence, invasion, macrophage survival and biofilm formation assays were evaluated and AIEC pathotype genetic determinants were investigated. FINDINGS Non-reported virulence patterns were found in our isolates, two of them carried satA, papA, papGII genes and the two-remaining isolates carried cnfI, iroN, satA, papA, papGII genes, and none of them belonged to classical ST131 virotypes, suggesting an endemic distribution of virulence genes and two new virotypes. The presence of PAI-I and PAI-II of Uropathogenic E. coli was determined in three of the four strains, furthermore adherence and invasion assays demonstrated higher degrees of attachment/invasion compared with the control strains. We also amplified intI1, insA and insB genes in all four samples. INTERPRETATION The results indicate that these strains own non-reported virotypes suggesting endemic distribution of virulence genes, our four strains also belong to an AIEC pathotype, being this the first report of AIEC in México and the association of AIEC with healthy donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Barrios-Villa
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Cortés-Cortés
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Patricia Lozano-Zaraín
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Margarita María de la Paz Arenas-Hernández
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Claudia Fabiola Martínez de la Peña
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carmen Torres
- Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Rosa del Carmen Rocha-Gracia
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Virulence Characteristics, Serotyping and Phylogenetic Typing of Clinical and Environmental Escherichia coli Isolates. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.82835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
40
|
Identification of novel DNA sequence associated with pathogenicity island III536 locus in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolate and distribution of virulence determinants in β-lactam resistant isolates. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:393-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
41
|
Ferjani S, Saidani M, Maamar E, Harbaoui S, Hamzaoui Z, Hosni H, Amine FS, Boubaker IBB. Escherichia coli colonizing healthy children in Tunisia: High prevalence of extra-intestinal pathovar and occurrence of non-extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing ST131 clone. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:878-885. [PMID: 30036576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes and extra-intestinal virulence determinants in a collection of 98 Escherichia coli strains isolated from rectal swabs of healthy children. Forty-six isolated strains were resistant to at least one of the tested antibiotics (usually active against enterobacteria). They were mainly resistant to ampicillin and ticarcillin (42.97%), tetracyclin (26.5%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (18.4%). No resistance to the third generation of cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and colistin was found. Resistance to penicillins was encoded by blaTEM-1 (n=34) and blaSHV-1 genes (n=4). Tetracyclin resistance was encoded by tetB (n=12), tetA (n= 5), and tetC (n=1) genes. Amongst resistant quinolones isolated (n=5), chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC genes were detected in four isolates and qnrS1 gene in two strains. Nine plasmid replicon types were detected; IncFIB (n=36) and IncI1 (n=7) were the most frequent ones. Isolates frequently belonged to phylogenetic groups A (51.1%) and D (27.5%). Extra-intestinal pathovar (n=38) occurred mainly in B2 phylogroup (P=0.0002). Amongst them, two isolates (non-extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producers) belonged to the pandemic clone ST131. A significant distribution of virulence determinants and pathogenicity island marker was observed within strains belonging to B2 and D phylogroups. Interestingly, our results showed that ExPEC strains, including ST131 pandemic clone, are present within fecal isolates in healthy children. These findings highlight the importance of intestinal microbiota as a reservoir for virulent and resistant strains. Thus, reinforcing hand hygiene and antibiotic rational use is imperative to avoid the diffusion of these pathogens in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ferjani
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mabrouka Saidani
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia; CHU Charles Nicolle, Service de Microbiologie, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Elaa Maamar
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Harbaoui
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Hamzaoui
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda Hosni
- CHU Charles Nicolle, Service de Microbiologie, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Ilhem Boutiba Ben Boubaker
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de recherche «Résistance aux antimicrobiens» 1007, Tunis, Tunisia; CHU Charles Nicolle, Service de Microbiologie, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bok E, Mazurek J, Myc A, Stosik M, Wojciech M, Baldy-Chudzik K. Comparison of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolates from Adults and Young Children in Lubuskie Province, Poland: Virulence Potential, Phylogeny and Antimicrobial Resistance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040617. [PMID: 29597292 PMCID: PMC5923659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Commensal Escherichia coli population is a dynamic structure which may be important in the pathogenesis of extraintestinal infections. The aim of this study was the comparison of genetic diversity of commensal E. coli isolates from two age group—adults and young children. E. coli strains were isolated on MacConkey agar and identified by biochemical tests. Determination of four major phylogenetic groups, identification of virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance determinants were performed by using multiplex or simplex PCR. Phenotypic analysis of resistance was based on disc-diffusion method. The prevalence of virulence genes was significantly higher among isolates from adults than from young children. Phylogroup B2 predominated among E. coli from adults, whereas phylogroup A was the most common in isolates from young children. The analyses of antimicrobial resistance revealed that resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent and multidrug-resistance were detected significantly more frequent in the isolates from adults than from young children. This study documented that the commensal E. coli isolates from adults showed greater genetic diversity than from young children and constitutes a substantial reservoir of the virulence genes typical for extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bok
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Justyna Mazurek
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Myc
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5648, USA.
| | - Michał Stosik
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Wojciech
- Department of Mathematical Statistics and Econometrics, Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Econometrics, University of Zielona Góra, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Antimicrobial Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Phylogenetic Grouping of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates in Egypt: The Role of Efflux Pump-Mediated Resistance. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.14444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
44
|
Distribution of pathogenicity island markers and virulence factors in new phylogenetic groups of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:335-343. [PMID: 29199378 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at investigating the relationship between the new Clermont's phylogenetic groups, virulence factors, and pathogenicity island markers (PAIs) among uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in Iran. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 140 UPEC isolates collected from patients with urinary tract infections in Bushehr, Iran. All isolates were subjected to phylogenetic typing using a new quadruplex-PCR method. The presence of PAI markers and virulence factors in UPEC strains was evaluated by multiplex PCR. The most predominant virulence gene was fimH (85%), followed by iucC (61.4%), papC (38.6%), hlyA (22.1%), cnf-1 (18.6%), afa (10.7%), papG and neuC (each 9.3%), ibeA (3.6%), and sfa/foc (0.7%). The most common phylogenetic group was related to B2 (39.3%), and the least common to A (0.7%). The most prevalent PAI marker was PAI IV536 (77.14%), while markers for PAI III536 (13.57%), PAI IIJ96 (12.86%), and PAI II536 (12.14%) were the least frequent among the UPEC strains. Meanwhile, the PAI IJ96 marker was not detected. There was a significant association between the phylogenetic group B2 and all the studied virulence genes and PAI markers. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the relationship between new phylogenetic groups, virulence genes and PAI markers in UPEC strains in Iran. The phylogenetic group B2 was predominantly represented among the studied virulence genes and PAI markers, indicating the preference of particular strains to carry virulence genes.
Collapse
|
45
|
Cunha MPV, Saidenberg AB, Moreno AM, Ferreira AJP, Vieira MAM, Gomes TAT, Knöbl T. Pandemic extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) clonal group O6-B2-ST73 as a cause of avian colibacillosis in Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178970. [PMID: 28594893 PMCID: PMC5464619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) represent an emerging pathogen, with pandemic strains increasingly involved in cases of urinary tract infections (UTIs), bacteremia, and meningitis. In addition to affecting humans, the avian pathotype of ExPEC, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), causes severe economic losses to the poultry industry. Several studies have revealed overlapping characteristics between APEC and human ExPEC, leading to the hypothesis of a zoonotic potential of poultry strains. However, the description of certain important pandemic clones, such as Sequence Type 73 (ST73), has not been reported in food sources. We characterized 27 temporally matched APEC strains from diverse poultry farms in Brazil belonging to the O6 serogroup because this serogroup is frequently described as a causal factor in UTI and septicemia in humans in Brazil and worldwide. The isolates were genotypically characterized by identifying ExPEC virulence factors, phylogenetically tested by phylogrouping and multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis, and compared to determine their similarity employing the pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique. The strains harbored a large number of virulence determinants that are commonly described in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and sepsis associated E. coli (SEPEC) strains and, to a lesser extent in neonatal meningitis associated E. coli (NMEC), such as pap (85%), sfa (100%), usp (100%), cnf1 (22%), kpsMTII (66%), hlyA (52%), and ibeA (4%). These isolates also yielded a low prevalence of some genes that are frequently described in APEC, such as iss (37%), tsh, ompT, and hlyF (8% each), and cvi/cva (0%). All strains were classified as part of the B2 phylogroup and sequence type 73 (ST73), with a cluster of 25 strains showing a clonal profile by PFGE. These results further suggest the zoonotic potential of some APEC clonal lineages and their possible role in the epidemiology of human ExPEC, in addition to providing the first description of the O6-B2-ST73 clonal group in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Becker Saidenberg
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Micke Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Aparecida Midolli Vieira
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tânia Aparecida Tardelli Gomes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Terezinha Knöbl
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
da Silva LC, de Mello Santos AC, Silva RM. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli pathogenicity islands and other ExPEC virulence genes may contribute to the genome variability of enteroinvasive E. coli. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:68. [PMID: 28302076 PMCID: PMC5356261 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-0979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) may be the causative agent of part of those million cases of diarrhea illness reported worldwide every year and attributable to Shigella. That is because both enteropathogens have many common characteristics that difficult their identification either by traditional microbiological methods or by molecular tools used in the clinical laboratory settings. While Shigella has been extensively studied, EIEC remains barely characterized at the molecular level. Recent EIEC important outbreaks, apparently generating more life-threatening cases, have prompted us to screen EIEC for virulence traits usually related to extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). That could explain the appearance of EIEC strains presenting higher virulence potential. RESULTS EIEC strains were distributed mainly in three phylogroups in a serogroup-dependent manner. Serogroups O124, O136, O144, and O152 were exclusively classified in phylogroup A; O143 in group E; and O28ac and O29 in group B1. Only two serogroups showed diverse phylogenetic origin as follows: O164 was assigned to groups A, B1, C, and B2 (one strain each), and O167 in groups E (five strains), and A (one strain) (Table 1). Eleven of 20 virulence genes (VGs) searched were detected, and the majority of the 19 different VGs combinations found were serogroup-specific. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) PAI genetic markers were detected in all EIEC strains. PAIs IJ96 and IICFT073 were the most frequent (92.1 and 80.4%, respectively). PAI IV536 was restricted to some serogroups from phylogroups A, B1 and E. PAI ICFT073 was uniquely detected in phylogroups B2 and E. A total of 45 (88%) strains presented multiple PAI markers (two to four). PAIs IJ96 and IICFT073 were found together in 80% of strains. CONCLUSIONS EIEC is a DEC pathovar that presents VGs and pathogenicity island genetic markers typically associated with ExPEC, especially UPEC. These features are distributed in a phylogenetic and serogroup-dependent manner suggesting the existence of stable EIEC subclones. The presence of phylogroups B2 and E strains allied to the presence of UPEC virulence-associated genes may underscore the ongoing evolution of EIEC towards a hypervirulent pathotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laís Cristina da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina de Mello Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Scheinberg JA, Dudley EG, Campbell J, Roberts B, DiMarzio M, DebRoy C, Cutter CN. Prevalence and Phylogenetic Characterization of Escherichia coli and Hygiene Indicator Bacteria Isolated from Leafy Green Produce, Beef, and Pork Obtained from Farmers' Markets in Pennsylvania. J Food Prot 2017; 80:237-244. [PMID: 28221988 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The popularity of farmers' markets in the United States has led to over 8,400 farmers' markets being in operation in 2015. As farmers' markets have increased in size and complexity in the kinds of foods sold at these venues, so have the potential food safety risks. Since 2008, seven major foodborne illness outbreaks and two recalls associated with food products from farmers' markets have occurred, causing 80 known reported illnesses and one death. Various researchers also have observed vendors performing high-risk food safety retail behaviors, and others have identified microbiological hazards in foods sold at farmers' markets. In this study, the presence of hygiene indicators (coliforms, fecal coliforms, Listeria spp., and Escherichia coli ) was assessed in select samples of leafy green produce and meat obtained from farmers' markets in Pennsylvania. E. coli isolates were further characterized by phylogenetic profile and virulence potential. E. coli was present in 40% (20 of 50) and 18% (9 of 50) of beef and pork samples, respectively, and in 28% (15 of 54), 29% (15 of 52), and 17% (8 of 46) of kale, lettuce, and spinach samples, respectively. Listeria spp. was found in 8% (4 of 50) of beef samples, 2% (1 of 54) of kale samples, 4% (2 of 52) of lettuce samples, and 7% (3 of 46) of spinach samples. Among the 10 Listeria spp. isolates, 3 were identified as L. monocytogenes . E. coli isolated from meat samples mainly clustered into phylogroup B1 (66%; 19 of 29), whereas produce isolates clustered into phylogroups B2 (36%; 14 of 39) and B1 (33%; 13 of 39). These E. coli isolates possessed the fimH, iroN, hlyD, and eae genes associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli . The high prevalence but low levels of E. coli and Listeria spp. found on both produce and meat products obtained from farmers' markets in this study strongly indicate that farmers' market vendors would benefit greatly from food safety training and increased public health oversight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Scheinberg
- Department of Food Science, 202 Food Science Building, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Edward G Dudley
- Department of Food Science, 202 Food Science Building, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Jonathan Campbell
- Department of Animal Sciences, 350 Agricultural Science and Industries Building, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Beth Roberts
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Michael DiMarzio
- Department of Food Science, 202 Food Science Building, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Chitrita DebRoy
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Catherine N Cutter
- Department of Food Science, 202 Food Science Building, 115 Henning Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Two levels of specialization in bacteraemic Escherichia coli strains revealed by their comparison with commensal strains. Epidemiol Infect 2016; 145:872-882. [PMID: 28029088 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268816003010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteraemia caused by Escherichia coli are particularly frequent and severe, contrasting with the commensal character of the strains found in the digestive tract. A better understanding of the relationships between strains of both origins is needed to unravel the pathogenesis of this disease. Two hundred and forty-three commensal strains were compared to 243 bacteraemic strains isolated from adult hosts matched in terms of gender and age, and from similar location and epoch. Phylogenetic grouping, O-type determination, virulence factor content and antibiotic resistance were compared. Compared to commensal strains, the bacteraemic strains were characterized by a higher proportion of B2, C and D phylogroups, and a lower proportion of A, E and F phylogroups. They also had a lower proportion of the B2 subgroup IV (STc141), a higher proportion of virulence factors, and a higher frequency of antibiotic resistance. These differences were more marked for the bacteraemic strains of urinary tract origin with the presence of specific clones, whereas the bacteraemic strains of digestive origin remained non-significantly different from the commensal strains, except for their antibiotic resistance. Thus, two levels of specialization from commensal strains were demonstrated in the bacteraemic strains: resistance to antibiotics in all cases, and virulence for those of urinary tract origin.
Collapse
|
49
|
Characterization of Vaginal Escherichia coli Isolated from Pregnant Women in Two Different African Sites. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158695. [PMID: 27387665 PMCID: PMC4936694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The relevance of vaginal colonization of pregnant women by Escherichia coli is poorly understood, despite these strains sharing a similar virulence profile with other extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli producing severe obstetric and neonatal infections. We characterized the epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence profiles of 84 vaginal E. coli isolates from pregnant women from Rabat (Morocco) and Manhiça (Mozambique), two very distinct epidemiological settings. Low levels of antimicrobial resistance were observed to all drugs tested, except for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Manhiça, where this drug is extensively used as prophylaxis for opportunistic HIV infections. The most prevalent virulence factors were related to iron acquisition systems. Phylogroup A was the most common in Rabat, while phylogroups E and non-typeable were the most frequent in Manhiça. Regardless of the apparently "low virulence" of these isolates, the frequency of infections is higher and the outcomes more devastating in constrained-resources conditions, especially among pregnant women and newborns.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ferjani S, Saidani M, Hamzaoui Z, Alonso CA, Torres C, Maamar E, Slim AF, Boutiba BBI. Community fecal carriage of broad-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in Tunisian children. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 87:188-192. [PMID: 27856044 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The spread of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC) was evaluated in Escherichia coli strains collected from the intestinal microbiota of healthy children in Tunisia. The carriage rate of CTXRE. coli was 6.6% (7 of 105 samples) and one strain/sample was further characterized (7 isolates). These isolates harbored blaCTX-M-1 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 2), and blaCMY-2 gene (n = 1), which were usually located on FIB replicon type and carried class 1 integrons. The acc(6')-Ib-cr variant was identified in one isolate that harbored blaCTX-M-15. CTXRE. coli isolates were genetically unrelated and belonged to B1 (n = 3/ST155/ST398/ST58), D (n = 2/ST117/ST493), B2 (n = 1/ST127), and A (n = 1/ST746) phylogroups. Strain virulence scores varied from 3 to 12, and frequently harbored the pathogenicity island PAI IV536. The intestinal tract of healthy children constitute an important reservoir of ESBL producing E. coli. Thus, improvement of hygiene measures mainly in the school environment and rational use of antibiotics would be of great help in preventing selection and diffusion of resistant strains from intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ferjani
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de Résistance aux antimicrobiens, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie.
| | - Mabrouka Saidani
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de Résistance aux antimicrobiens, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie; CHU Charles Nicolle, Service de Microbiologie, 1006, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Zeineb Hamzaoui
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de Résistance aux antimicrobiens, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Carla Andrea Alonso
- Area Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logrono, Spain
| | - Elaa Maamar
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de Résistance aux antimicrobiens, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie
| | | | - Ben Boubaker Ilhem Boutiba
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES09 Laboratoire de Résistance aux antimicrobiens, 1007, Tunis, Tunisie; CHU Charles Nicolle, Service de Microbiologie, 1006, Tunis, Tunisie
| |
Collapse
|