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Kharamani A, Mashayekhi F, Salehi Z. Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 Promoter Polymorphism and its Serum Concentrations with Repeated Implantation Failure after In vitro Fertilisation: A Cross-sectional Study. J Hum Reprod Sci 2024; 17:121-127. [PMID: 39091443 PMCID: PMC11290713 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_68_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play a key role in embryo implantation and support endometrial trophoblastic interaction. Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between FGF-1 (rs34011) gene variety and its serum concentration with repeated implantation failure (RIF). Setting and Design The design of the study was a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods Four hundred infertile women with a history of RIF and 400 healthy women undergoing the first in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer attempt with successful delivery (controls) were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes and genotyped by Tetra-Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction. Serum FGF-1 concentration was evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical Analysis Used The ANOVA test was used to analyse the difference between the means of the groups. Results In RIF group, the genotype frequencies of the GG, GA and AA were 59%, 33.5% and 7.5%, respectively, whereas in controls were 72.5%, 24% and 3.5%, respectively. The G and A allele frequencies in the RIF group were 75.75% and 24.25%, while in controls were 84.5% and 15.5%, respectively (P < 0.0001). We have also shown that serum FGF-1 concentration in RIF and control groups was 17 ± 3.55 and 23.62 ± 4.91 pg/mL, respectively (P = 0.008). We have also shown that AA genotype is significantly associated with decreased serum FGF-1 concentration in RIF (AA, GA and GG serum levels were 9.55 ± 2.65, 14 ± 3.35 and 22.55 ± 7.26 pg/mL, and in controls were 12.22 ± 2.27, 18.44 ± 5.98 and 26.66 ± 8.29 pg/mL, respectively). Conclusion The current study suggests that a significant association between FGF-1 (rs34011) promoter polymorphism and its serum concentration with RIF. The study also suggests that AA genotype is linked to lower FGF-1 serum levels and may play a risk factor for RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Kharamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Müller-Nedebock AC, Dekker MCJ, Farrer MJ, Hattori N, Lim SY, Mellick GD, Rektorová I, Salama M, Schuh AFS, Stoessl AJ, Sue CM, Tan AH, Vidal RL, Klein C, Bardien S. Different pieces of the same puzzle: a multifaceted perspective on the complex biological basis of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:110. [PMID: 37443150 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological basis of the neurodegenerative movement disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD), is still unclear despite it being 'discovered' over 200 years ago in Western Medicine. Based on current PD knowledge, there are widely varying theories as to its pathobiology. The aim of this article was to explore some of these different theories by summarizing the viewpoints of laboratory and clinician scientists in the PD field, on the biological basis of the disease. To achieve this aim, we posed this question to thirteen "PD experts" from six continents (for global representation) and collated their personal opinions into this article. The views were varied, ranging from toxin exposure as a PD trigger, to LRRK2 as a potential root cause, to toxic alpha-synuclein being the most important etiological contributor. Notably, there was also growing recognition that the definition of PD as a single disease should be reconsidered, perhaps each with its own unique pathobiology and treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amica C Müller-Nedebock
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marieke C J Dekker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute of Disease of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0106, Japan
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute of Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Irena Rektorová
- First Department of Neurology and International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahleya, Egypt
- Atlantic Senior Fellow for Equity in Brain Health at the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Artur F S Schuh
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology), Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Neuroscience Research Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales; Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst; Department of Neurology, Prince of Wales Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rene L Vidal
- Instituto de Neurociencia Biomédica (BNI), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Gerociencia, Salud Mental y Metabolismo (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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3
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Discovering genetic interactions bridging pathways in genome-wide association studies. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4274. [PMID: 31537791 PMCID: PMC6753138 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic interactions have been reported to underlie phenotypes in a variety of systems, but the extent to which they contribute to complex disease in humans remains unclear. In principle, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide a platform for detecting genetic interactions, but existing methods for identifying them from GWAS data tend to focus on testing individual locus pairs, which undermines statistical power. Importantly, a global genetic network mapped for a model eukaryotic organism revealed that genetic interactions often connect genes between compensatory functional modules in a highly coherent manner. Taking advantage of this expected structure, we developed a computational approach called BridGE that identifies pathways connected by genetic interactions from GWAS data. Applying BridGE broadly, we discover significant interactions in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, hypertension, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Our novel approach provides a general framework for mapping complex genetic networks underlying human disease from genome-wide genotype data.
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4
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Evaluation of FGF 20 variants for susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease in Eastern Indians. Neurosci Lett 2018; 675:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Naß J, Efferth T. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacotherapy of Military Personnel Suffering from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:831-860. [PMID: 27834145 PMCID: PMC5652029 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666161111113514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe problem among soldiers with combating experience difficult to treat. The pathogenesis is still not fully understood at the psychological level. Therefore, genetic research became a focus of interest. The identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may help to predict, which persons are at high risk to develop PTSD as a starting point to develop novel targeted drugs for treatment. Methods: We conducted a systematic review on SNPs in genes related to PTSD pathology and development of targeted pharmacological treatment options based on PubMed database searches. We focused on clinical trials with military personnel. Results: SNPs in 22 human genes have been linked to PTSD. These genes encode proteins acting as neurotransmitters and receptors, downstream signal transducers and metabolizing enzymes. Pharmacological inhibitors may serve as drug candidates for PTSD treatment, e.g. β2 adrenoreceptor antagonists, dopamine antagonists, partial dopamine D2 receptor agonists, dopamine β hydroxylase inhibitors, fatty acid amid hydrolase antagonists, glucocorticoid receptor agonists, tropomyosin receptor kinase B agonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, gamma-amino butyric acid receptor agonists, glutamate receptor inhibitors, monoaminoxidase B inhibitors, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists. Conclusion: The combination of genetic and pharmacological research may lead to novel target-based drug developments with improved specificity and efficacy to treat PTSD. Specific SNPs may be identified as reliable biomarkers to assess individual disease risk. Focusing on soldiers suffering from PTSD will not only help to improve treatment options for this specific group, but for all PTSD patients and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz. Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz. Germany
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McGregor NW, Hemmings SMJ, Erdman L, Calmarza-Font I, Stein DJ, Lochner C. Modification of the association between early adversity and obsessive-compulsive disorder by polymorphisms in the MAOA, MAOB and COMT genes. Psychiatry Res 2016; 246:527-532. [PMID: 27821364 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The monoamine oxidases (MAOA/B) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzymes break down regulatory components within serotonin and dopamine pathways, and polymorphisms within these genes are candidates for OCD susceptibility. Childhood trauma has been linked OCD psychopathology, but little attention has been paid to the interactions between genes and environment in OCD aetiology. This pilot study investigated gene-by-environment interactions between childhood trauma and polymorphisms in the MAOA, MAOB and COMT genes in OCD. Ten polymorphisms (MAOA: 3 variants, MAOB: 4 variants, COMT: 3 variants) were genotyped in a cohort of OCD patients and controls. Early-life trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Gene-by-gene (GxG) and gene-by-environment interactions (GxE) of the variants and childhood trauma were assessed using logistic regression models. Significant GxG interactions were found between rs362204 (COMT) and two independent polymorphisms in the MAOB gene (rs1799836 and rs6651806). Haplotype associations for OCD susceptibility were found for MAOB. Investigation of GxE interactions indicated that the sexual abuse sub-category was significantly associated with all three genes in haplotype x environment interaction analyses. Preliminary findings indicate that polymorphisms within the MAOB and COMT genes interact resulting in risk for OCD. Childhood trauma interacts with haplotypes in COMT, MAOA and MAOB, increasing risk for OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W McGregor
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - S M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - L Erdman
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - I Calmarza-Font
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - D J Stein
- US/UCT MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Lochner
- US/UCT MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Guo JF, Li K, Yu RL, Sun QY, Wang L, Yao LY, Hu YC, Lv ZY, Luo LZ, Shen L, Jiang H, Yan XX, Pan Q, Xia K, Tang BS. Polygenic determinants of Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:1765.e1-1765.e6. [PMID: 25623333 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but whether a combination of these SNPs would have a stronger association with PD than any individual SNP is unknown. Sixteen SNPs located in the 8 genes and/or loci (SNCA, LRRK2, MAPT, GBA, HLA-DR, BST1, PARK16, and PARK17) were analyzed in a Chinese cohort consisting of 1061 well-characterized PD patients and 1066 control subjects from Central South of Mainland China. We found that Rep1, rs356165, and rs11931074 in SNCA gene; G2385R in LRRK2 gene; rs4698412 in BST1 gene; rs1564282 in PARK17; and L444P in GBA gene were associated with PD with adjustment of sex and age (p < 0.05) in the analysis of 16 variants. PD risk increased when Rep1 and rs11931074, G2385R, rs1564282, rs4698412; rs11931074 and G2385R, rs1564282, rs4698412; G2385R and rs1564282, rs4698412; and rs1564282 and rs4698412 were combined for the association analysis. In addition, PD risk increased cumulatively with the increasing number of variants (odds ratio for carrying 3 variants, 3.494). In summary, we confirmed that Rep1, rs356165, and rs11931074 in SNCA gene, G2385R in LRRK2 gene, rs4698412 in BST1 gene, rs1564282 in PARK17, and L444P in GBA gene have an independent and combined significant association with PD. SNPs in these 4 genes have a cumulative effect with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Feng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ri-Li Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Yin Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Cen Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Yun Lv
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Zi Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Sha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Ma ZG, Xu J, Liu TW. Quantitative assessment of the association between fibroblast growth factor 20 rs1721100 C/G polymorphism and the risk of sporadic Parkinson's diseases: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:47-51. [PMID: 25030126 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) is a neurotrophic factor which enhances the survival of rat midbrain dopamine neurons. Genetic variation in FGF20 may influence the risk of occurrence and development in Parkinson's diseases (PD). Many studies have evaluated the association between FGF20 rs1721100 C/G polymorphism and the risk of sporadic PD; however, published data are still controversial. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of FGF20 rs1721100 C/G polymorphism with susceptibility of PD. The summary odds ratio (OR) with its 95 % confidence interval (CI) was calculated to estimate the association. Five case-control studies with a total of 3,463 sporadic PD cases and 4,606 controls were finally included into this meta-analysis. Neither the basic allele frequencies nor the genotypic distributions of rs1721100 C/G within FGF20 were different between two groups when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed FGF20 rs1721100 C/G polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk in the heterozygote comparison model (CG versus GG: OR = 0.83, 95 % CI, 0.72-0.95, P = 0.009) in Asians but not in Caucasians. Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that FGF20 rs1721100 C/G polymorphism is associated with sporadic PD in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Gang Ma
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China,
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Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) gene polymorphism and risk of Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2014; 35:1889-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Naoi M, Maruyama W. Functional mechanism of neuroprotection by inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase in Parkinson’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 9:1233-50. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Klebe S, Golmard JL, Nalls MA, Saad M, Singleton AB, Bras JM, Hardy J, Simon-Sanchez J, Heutink P, Kuhlenbäumer G, Charfi R, Klein C, Hagenah J, Gasser T, Wurster I, Lesage S, Lorenz D, Deuschl G, Durif F, Pollak P, Damier P, Tison F, Durr A, Amouyel P, Lambert JC, Tzourio C, Maubaret C, Charbonnier-Beaupel F, Tahiri K, Vidailhet M, Martinez M, Brice A, Corvol JC. The Val158Met COMT polymorphism is a modifier of the age at onset in Parkinson's disease with a sexual dimorphism. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84:666-73. [PMID: 23408064 PMCID: PMC3646288 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The catechol-O-methyltranferase (COMT) is one of the main enzymes that metabolise dopamine in the brain. The Val158Met polymorphism in the COMT gene (rs4680) causes a trimodal distribution of high (Val/Val), intermediate (Val/Met) and low (Met/Met) enzyme activity. We tested whether the Val158Met polymorphism is a modifier of the age at onset (AAO) in Parkinson's disease (PD). The rs4680 was genotyped in a total of 16 609 subjects from five independent cohorts of European and North American origin (5886 patients with PD and 10 723 healthy controls). The multivariate analysis for comparing PD and control groups was based on a stepwise logistic regression, with gender, age and cohort origin included in the initial model. The multivariate analysis of the AAO was a mixed linear model, with COMT genotype and gender considered as fixed effects and cohort and cohort-gender interaction as random effects. COMT genotype was coded as a quantitative variable, assuming a codominant genetic effect. The distribution of the COMT polymorphism was not significantly different in patients and controls (p=0.22). The Val allele had a significant effect on the AAO with a younger AAO in patients with the Val/Val (57.1±13.9, p=0.03) than the Val/Met (57.4±13.9) and the Met/Met genotypes (58.3±13.5). The difference was greater in men (1.9 years between Val/Val and Met/Met, p=0.007) than in women (0.2 years, p=0.81). Thus, the Val158Met COMT polymorphism is not associated with PD in the Caucasian population but acts as a modifier of the AAO in PD with a sexual dimorphism: the Val allele is associated with a younger AAO in men with idiopathic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Klebe
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651 Cedex 13, France
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Itoh N, Ohta H. Roles of FGF20 in dopaminergic neurons and Parkinson's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2013; 6:15. [PMID: 23754977 PMCID: PMC3668169 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2013.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family comprises 22 members with diverse functions in development and metabolism. Fgf20 was originally identified as a new Fgf preferentially expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Fgf20, which acts on proximal cells, significantly enhanced the survival of cultured dopaminergic neurons by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway through Fgf receptor 1c. In the rat model of Parkinson's disease, Fgf20 afforded significant protection against the loss of dopaminergic neurons. The significant correlation of Parkinson's disease with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in FGF20 indicates that the genetic variability of FGF20 can be a Parkinson's disease risk. Neural and embryonic stem (ES) cells have been considered as cell resources for restorative transplantation strategies in Parkinson's disease. Fgf20 promoted the differentiation of these stem cells into dopaminergic neurons, which attenuated neurological symptoms in animal models of Parkinson's disease. These findings indicate the importance of FGF20 for the differentiation and survival of dopaminergic neurons and the etiology and therapy of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Itoh
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto, Japan
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Inaba-Hasegawa K, Akao Y. Type A monoamine oxidase regulates life and death of neurons in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2011; 100:85-106. [PMID: 21971004 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386467-3.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease, type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) is proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis through production of reactive oxygen species and neurotoxins from protoxicants, such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. In addition, inhibitors of MAO-B protect neurons in the cellular and animal models of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. However, the role of type A MAO (MAO-A) in neuronal death and neuroprotection by MAO-B inhibitors has been scarcely elucidated. This chapter presents our recent results on the involvement of MAO-A in the activation of mitochondrial death signal pathway and in the induction of prosurvival genes to prevent cell death with MAO-B inhibitors. The roles of MAO-A in the regulation of neuronal survival and death are discussed in concern to find a novel strategy to protect neurons in age-associated neurodegenerative disorders and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Neurosciences, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan
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Itoh N, Ornitz DM. Fibroblast growth factors: from molecular evolution to roles in development, metabolism and disease. J Biochem 2010; 149:121-30. [PMID: 20940169 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvq121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a family of structurally related polypeptides that are essential for embryonic development and that function postnatally as homoeostatic factors, in the response to injury, in the regulation of electrical excitability of cells and as hormones that regulate metabolism. In humans, FGF signalling is involved in developmental, neoplastic, metabolic and neurological diseases. Fgfs have been identified in metazoans but not in unicellular organisms. In vertebrates, FGFs can be classified as having intracrine, paracrine and endocrine functions. Paracrine and endocrine FGFs act via cell-surface FGF receptors (FGFRs); while, intracrine FGFs act independent of FGFRs. The evolutionary history of the Fgf family indicates that an intracrine Fgf is the likely ancestor of the Fgf family. During metazoan evolution, the Fgf family expanded in two phases, after the separation of protostomes and deuterostomes and in the evolution of early vertebrates. These expansions enabled FGFs to acquire diverse actions and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Itoh
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan.
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15
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de Mena L, Cardo LF, Coto E, Miar A, Díaz M, Corao AI, Alonso B, Ribacoba R, Salvador C, Menéndez M, Morís G, Alvarez V. FGF20 rs12720208 SNP and microRNA-433 variation: no association with Parkinson's disease in Spanish patients. Neurosci Lett 2010; 479:22-5. [PMID: 20471450 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
DNA variation at the FGF20 gene has been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). In particular, SNP rs12720208 in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) was linked to PD-risk through a mechanism that would implicate a differential binding to microRNA-433 (miR-433). The reduction of the affinity of miR-433 to the 3' UTR would result in increased FGF20 expression and upregulation of alpha-synuclein, which could in turn promote dopaminergic neurons degeneration. We genotyped the rs12720208 SNP in a total of 512 PD patients and 258 healthy controls from Spain, and searched for miR-433 variants in the patients. We did not find significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between patients and controls. None of the patients had miR-433 variants. In conclusion, our work did not confirm the association between rs12720208 and PD, or an effect of miR-433 variants on this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena de Mena
- Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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16
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Dlugos AM, Palmer AA, de Wit H. Negative emotionality: monoamine oxidase B gene variants modulate personality traits in healthy humans. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:1323-34. [PMID: 19657584 PMCID: PMC3653168 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase A and B (MAOA and MAOB) appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of Major Depression, and vulnerability of Major Depression is associated with personality traits relating to positive and negative affect. This study aimed to investigate associations between MAOA and MAOB polymorphisms and personality traits of positive and negative emotionality in healthy volunteers, to elucidate mechanisms underlying personality and the risk for depression. Healthy Caucasian volunteers (N = 150) completed the Multiphasic Personality Questionnaire (MPQ), which includes independent superfactors of Positive Emotionality and Negative Emotionality. Participants were genotyped for 8 MAOA and 12 MAOB single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Association analyses for both SNPs and haplotypes were performed using the permutation approach implemented in PLINK. Negative Emotionality was significantly associated with the two highly linked MAOB polymorphisms rs10521432 and rs6651806 (p < 0.002). Findings were extended in haplotype analyses. For MAOB the 4-SNP haplotype GACG formed from rs1799836, rs10521432, rs6651806 and rs590551 was significantly related to lower Negative Emotionality scores (p < 0.002). MAOA was not related to personality in this study. Our finding provides the first evidence that MAOB polymorphisms influence levels of negative emotionality in healthy human volunteers. If confirmed, these results could lead to a better understanding of personality traits and inter-individual susceptibility developing psychiatric disorders such as major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Dlugos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL MC3077, USA,
| | - Abraham A. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL MC3077, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Harriet de Wit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL MC3077, USA,
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Wider C, Dachsel JC, Soto AI, Heckman MG, Diehl NN, Yue M, Lincoln S, Aasly JO, Haugarvoll K, Trojanowski JQ, Papapetropoulos S, Mash D, Rajput A, Rajput AH, Gibson JM, Lynch T, Dickson DW, Uitti RJ, Wszolek ZK, Farrer MJ, Ross OA. FGF20 and Parkinson's disease: no evidence of association or pathogenicity via alpha-synuclein expression. Mov Disord 2009; 24:455-9. [PMID: 19133659 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) has been associated with risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Functional evidence suggested the T allele of one SNP, rs12720208 C/T, altered PD risk by increasing FGF20 and alpha-synuclein protein levels. Herein we report our association study of FGF20 and PD risk in four patient-control series (total: 1,262 patients and 1,881 controls), and measurements of FGF20 and alpha-synuclein protein levels in brain samples (nine patients). We found no evidence of association between FGF20 variability and PD risk, and no relationship between the rs12720208 genotype, FGF20 and alpha-synuclein protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wider
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA.
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Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Rubenstein JLR. Chromosome 8p as a potential hub for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders: implications for schizophrenia, autism and cancer. Mol Psychiatry 2009; 14:563-89. [PMID: 19204725 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2009.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Defects in genetic and developmental processes are thought to contribute susceptibility to autism and schizophrenia. Presumably, owing to etiological complexity identifying susceptibility genes and abnormalities in the development has been difficult. However, the importance of genes within chromosomal 8p region for neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer is well established. There are 484 annotated genes located on 8p; many are most likely oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Molecular genetics and developmental studies have identified 21 genes in this region (ADRA1A, ARHGEF10, CHRNA2, CHRNA6, CHRNB3, DKK4, DPYSL2, EGR3, FGF17, FGF20, FGFR1, FZD3, LDL, NAT2, NEF3, NRG1, PCM1, PLAT, PPP3CC, SFRP1 and VMAT1/SLC18A1) that are most likely to contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder and depression), neurodegenerative disorders (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease) and cancer. Furthermore, at least seven nonprotein-coding RNAs (microRNAs) are located at 8p. Structural variants on 8p, such as copy number variants, microdeletions or microduplications, might also contribute to autism, schizophrenia and other human diseases including cancer. In this review, we consider the current state of evidence from cytogenetic, linkage, association, gene expression and endophenotyping studies for the role of these 8p genes in neuropsychiatric disease. We also describe how a mutation in an 8p gene (Fgf17) results in a mouse with deficits in specific components of social behavior and a reduction in its dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. We finish by discussing the biological connections of 8p with respect to neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer, despite the shortcomings of this evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tabarés-Seisdedos
- Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, CIBER-SAM, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Gao X, Martin ER, Liu Y, Mayhew G, Vance JM, Scott WK. Genome-wide linkage screen in familial Parkinson disease identifies loci on chromosomes 3 and 18. Am J Hum Genet 2009; 84:499-504. [PMID: 19327735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with substantial evidence for genetic risk factors. We conducted a genome-wide linkage screen of 5824 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 278 families of European, non-Hispanic descent to localize regions that harbor susceptibility loci for PD. By using parametric and nonparametric linkage analyses and allowing for genetic heterogeneity among families, we found two loci for PD. Significant evidence for linkage was detected on chromosome 18q11 (maximum lod score [MLOD] = 4.1) and suggestive evidence for linkage was obtained on chromosome 3q25 (MLOD = 2.5). These results were strongest in families not previously screened for linkage, and simulation studies suggest that these findings are likely due to locus heterogeneity rather than random statistical error. The finding of two loci (one highly statistically significant) suggests that additional PD susceptibility genes might be identified through targeted candidate gene studies in these regions.
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