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Quinn CJ, Cartwright EJ, Trafford AW, Dibb KM. On the role of dysferlin in striated muscle: membrane repair, t-tubules and Ca 2+ handling. J Physiol 2024; 602:1893-1910. [PMID: 38615232 DOI: 10.1113/jp285103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysferlin is a 237 kDa membrane-associated protein characterised by multiple C2 domains with a diverse role in skeletal and cardiac muscle physiology. Mutations in DYSF are known to cause various types of human muscular dystrophies, known collectively as dysferlinopathies, with some patients developing cardiomyopathy. A myriad of in vitro membrane repair studies suggest that dysferlin plays an integral role in the membrane repair complex in skeletal muscle. In comparison, less is known about dysferlin in the heart, but mounting evidence suggests that dysferlin's role is similar in both muscle types. Recent findings have shown that dysferlin regulates Ca2+ handling in striated muscle via multiple mechanisms and that this becomes more important in conditions of stress. Maintenance of the transverse (t)-tubule network and the tight coordination of excitation-contraction coupling are essential for muscle contractility. Dysferlin regulates the maintenance and repair of t-tubules, and it is suspected that dysferlin regulates t-tubules and sarcolemmal repair through a similar mechanism. This review focuses on the emerging complexity of dysferlin's activity in striated muscle. Such insights will progress our understanding of the proteins and pathways that regulate basic heart and skeletal muscle function and help guide research into striated muscle pathology, especially that which arises due to dysferlin dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Quinn
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - E J Cartwright
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - A W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - K M Dibb
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
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Murao M, Imano T, Sato Y, Nakajima M. Uphill running preferred over downhill running for recovery from glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy. Steroids 2024; 201:109337. [PMID: 37977489 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Murao
- Research institute of health and welfare, Kibi international university, 8 Iga-machi, Takahashi-city, Okayama 716-8508, Japan; Rehabilitation unit, Kyoto university hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Imano
- Research institute of health and welfare, Kibi international university, 8 Iga-machi, Takahashi-city, Okayama 716-8508, Japan; Department of physical therapy, Hiroshima international and medical welfare collage, 14-22 Hijiyamahonmachi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-city, Hiroshima 732-0816, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Sato
- Research institute of health and welfare, Kibi international university, 8 Iga-machi, Takahashi-city, Okayama 716-8508, Japan; Studio TAIKA, 28-6 Shinyuno, Kannabe-cho, Fukuyama-city, Hiroshima 720-2122, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakajima
- Research institute of health and welfare, Kibi international university, 8 Iga-machi, Takahashi-city, Okayama 716-8508, Japan
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Su Q, Li J, Huang J, Cai Q, Xue C, Huang C, Chen L, Li J, Li D, Ge H, Cheng B. Histological characteristics of exercise-induced skeletal muscle remodelling. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3217-3234. [PMID: 37517049 PMCID: PMC10623533 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyse the pathological features of skeletal muscle injury repair by using rats to model responses to different exercise intensities. Eighty-four rats were randomly divided into five groups for treadmill exercise. The short-term control, low-intensity, medium-intensity and high-intensity groups underwent gastrocnemius muscle sampling after 6, 8 and 12 weeks of exercise. The long-term high-intensity group underwent optical coherence tomography angiography and sampling after 18 weeks of exercise. RNA sequencing was performed on the muscle samples, followed by the corresponding histological staining. Differentially expressed genes were generally elevated at 6 weeks in the early exercise stage, followed by a decreasing trend. Meanwhile, the study demonstrated a negative correlation between time and the gene modules involved in vascular regulation. The modules associated with muscle remodelling were positively correlated with exercise intensity. Although the expression of many genes associated with common angiogenesis was downregulated at 8, 12 and 18 weeks, we found that muscle tissue microvessels were still increased, which may be closely associated with elevated sFRP2 and YAP1. During muscle injury-remodelling, angiogenesis is characterized by significant exercise time and exercise intensity dependence. We find significant differences in the spatial distribution of angiogenesis during muscle injury-remodelling, which be helpful for the future achievement of spatially targeted treatments for exercise-induced muscle injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jie Li
- Department of OrthopedicsZhabei Central Hospital of Jing'an DistrictShanghaiChina
| | - Jingbiao Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiuchen Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chenglong Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liyang Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Hengan Ge
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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Chatterjee N, Misra SK. Nanocarbon-Enforced Anisotropic MusCAMLR for Rapid Rescue of Mechanically Damaged Skeletal Muscles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37257065 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical damages to skeletal muscles could be detrimental to the active work hours and lifestyle of athletes, mountaineers, and security personnel. In this regard, the slowness of conventional treatment strategies and drug-associated side effects greatly demand the design and development of novel biomaterials, which can rescue such mechanically damaged skeletal muscles. To accomplish this demand, we have developed a musculoresponsive polymer-carbon composite for assisting myotubular regeneration (MusCAMLR). The MusCAMLR is enforced to attain anisotropic muscle-like characteristics while incorporating a smartly passivated nanoscale carbon material in the PNIPAM gel under physiological conditions as a stimulus, which is not achieved by the pristine nanocarbon system. The MusCAMLR establishes a specific mechanical interaction with muscle cells, supports myotube regeneration, maintains excellent mechanical similarity with the myotube, and restores the structural integrity and biochemical parameters of mechanically damaged muscles in a delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) rat model within a short period of 72 h. Concisely, this study discloses the potential of smartly passivated nanocarbon in generating an advanced biomaterial system, MusCAMLR, from a regularly used polymeric hydrogel system. This engineered polymer-carbon composite reveals its possible potential to be used as a nondrug therapeutic alternative for rescuing mechanically damaged muscles and probably can be extended for therapy of various other diseases including muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Misra
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Mehta family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kanzaki K, Watanabe D, Shi J, Wada M. Mechanisms of eccentric contraction-induced muscle damage and nutritional supplementations for mitigating it. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2022; 43:147-156. [PMID: 35854160 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-022-09625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Eccentric contraction (ECC) often results in large and long-lasting force deficits accompanied by muscle soreness, primarily due to muscle damage. In this sense, exercises that involve ECC are less desirable. Paradoxically, exercise training that includes a substantial eccentric phase leads to a more powerful activation of the genes responsible for skeletal muscle remodeling (e.g., hypertrophy) than other types of training that emphasize a concentric or isometric phase. Therefore, effective strategies that lessen ECC-induced muscle damage will be of interest and importance to many individuals. The purpose of this brief review is to highlight the published literature on the effects of ECC and/or nutritional supplementations on proteins, lipids, metabolic and ionic changes, and enzyme activities in skeletal muscles subjected to an acute bout of ECC. First, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which ECC causes muscle damage. Previous findings implicate a Ca2+ overload-oxidative modification pathway as one possible mechanism contributing to muscle damage. Thereafter, the efficacy of two nutritional supplementations, i.e., L-arginine and antioxidant, is discussed because L-arginine and antioxidant would be expected to ameliorate the adverse effects of Ca2+ overload and oxidative modification, respectively. Of these, L-arginine ingestion before ECC seems likely to be the effective strategy for mitigating ECC-related proteolysis. More studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of antioxidant ingestion. The application of effective strategies against muscle damage may contribute to improvements in health and fitness, muscle function, and sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kanzaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, 739-8521, Higasihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanobu Wada
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, 739-8521, Higasihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE The ability of skeletal muscle to adapt to eccentric (ECC) contraction-induced injury is known as the repeated bout effect (RBE). Despite the RBE being a well-established phenomenon observed in skeletal muscle, cellular and molecular events particularly those at the membranes that contribute to the adaptive potential of muscle have yet to be established. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how membrane-associated proteins respond to the RBE. METHODS Anterior crural muscles of C57BL/6 female mice (3-5 months) were subjected to repeated bouts of in vivo ECCs, with isometric torque being measured immediately before and after injury. A total of six bouts were completed with 7 d between each bout. Protein content of dystrophin, β-sarcoglycan, and junctophilin were then assessed via immunoblotting in injured and uninjured muscles. RESULTS When expressed relative to preinjury isometric torque of bout 1, deficits in postinjury isometric torque during bout 2 (38%) did not differ from bout 1 (36%; P = 0.646) and were attenuated during bouts 3 through 6 (range, 24%-15%; P ≤ 0.014). Contents of dystrophin, β-sarcoglycan, and junctophilin did not change immediately after a single bout of 50 maximal ECCs (P ≥ 0.155); however, as a result of repeated bouts, contents of dystrophin, β-sarcoglycan, and junctophilin all increased compared with muscles that completed one or no bouts of ECC contractions (P ≤ 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The RBE represents a physiological measure of skeletal muscle plasticity. Here, we demonstrate that repeated bouts of ECC contractions increase contents of dystrophin, β-sarcoglycan, and junctophilin and attenuate postinjury torque deficits. Given our results, accumulation of membrane-associated proteins likely contributes to strength adaptations observed after repeated bouts of ECC contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia R. Sidky
- Division of Rehabilitation Science & Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Dawn A. Lowe
- Division of Rehabilitation Science & Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Cory W. Baumann
- Division of Rehabilitation Science & Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH
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X-ray Diffraction Analysis to Explore Molecular Traces of Eccentric Contraction on Rat Skeletal Muscle Parallelly Evaluated with Signal Protein Phosphorylation Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312644. [PMID: 34884453 PMCID: PMC8657589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed X-ray diffraction analyses on rat plantaris muscle to determine if there are strain-specific structural changes at the molecular level after eccentric contraction (ECC). ECC was elicited in situ by supramaximal electrical stimulation through the tibial nerve. One hour after a series of ECC sessions, the structural changes that remained in the sarcomere were evaluated using X-ray diffraction. Proteins involved in cell signaling pathways in the muscle were also examined. ECC elicited by 100, 75, and 50 Hz stimulation respectively developed peak tension of 1.34, 1.12 and 0.79 times the isometric maximal tetanus tension. The series of ECC sessions phosphorylated the forkhead box O proteins (FoxO) in a tension-time integral-dependent manner, as well as phosphorylated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and a protein in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in a maximal tension dependent manner. Compared to isometric contractions, ECC was more efficient in phosphorylating the signaling proteins. X-ray diffraction revealed that the myofilament lattice was preserved even after intense ECC stimulation at 100 Hz. Additionally, ECC < 75 Hz preserved the molecular alignment of myoproteins along the myofilaments, while 75-Hz stimulation induced a slight but significant decrease in the intensity of meridional troponin reflection at 1/38 nm−1, and of myosin reflection at 1/14.4 nm−1. These two reflections demonstrated no appreciable decrease with triple repetitions of the standard series of ECC sessions at 50 Hz, suggesting that the intensity decrease depended on the instantaneous maximal tension development rather than the total load of contraction, and was more likely linked with the phosphorylation of MAPK and mTOR signaling proteins.
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Minari ALA, Thomatieli-Santos RV. From skeletal muscle damage and regeneration to the hypertrophy induced by exercise: What is the role of different macrophages subsets? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 322:R41-R54. [PMID: 34786967 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00038.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the top players when considering immune cells involved with tissue homeostasis. Recently, increasing evidence has demonstrated that these macrophages could also present two major subsets during tissue healing; proliferative macrophages (M1-like), which are responsible for increasing myogenic cell proliferation, and restorative macrophages (M2-like), which are accountable for the end of the mature muscle myogenesis. The participation and characterization of these macrophage subsets is critical during myogenesis, not only to understand the inflammatory role of macrophages during muscle recovery but also to create supportive strategies that can improve mass muscle maintenance. Indeed, most of our knowledge about macrophage subsets comes from skeletal muscle damage protocols, and we still do not know how these subsets can contribute to skeletal muscle adaptation. This narrative review aims to collect and discuss studies demonstrating the involvement of different macrophage subsets during the skeletal muscle damage/regeneration process, showcasing an essential role of these macrophage subsets during muscle adaptation induced by acute and chronic exercise programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luis Araujo Minari
- Universidade estadual Paulista, Campus Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Psicobiologia, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo V Thomatieli-Santos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Psicobiologia, Brazil
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Wilburn D, Ismaeel A, Machek S, Fletcher E, Koutakis P. Shared and distinct mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy: A narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101463. [PMID: 34534682 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and function is an incredibly nuanced balance of anabolism and catabolism that can become distorted within different pathological conditions. In this paper we intend to discuss the distinct intracellular signaling events that regulate muscle protein atrophy for a given clinical occurrence. Aside from the common outcome of muscle deterioration, several conditions have at least one or more distinct mechanisms that creates unique intracellular environments that facilitate muscle loss. The subtle individuality to each of these given pathologies can provide both researchers and clinicians with specific targets of interest to further identify and increase the efficacy of medical treatments and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Wilburn
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Steven Machek
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Emma Fletcher
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
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KAWASHIMA MASATO, IGUCHI SHOHEI, FUJITA NAOTO, MIKI AKINORI, ARAKAWA TAKAMITSU. Structural Changes in Skeletal Muscle Fibers after Icing or Heating on Downhill Running in Mice. THE KOBE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 67:E48-E54. [PMID: 34795155 PMCID: PMC8622214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An experimental animal model that causes mild structural disorders of skeletal muscles is essential to understand general exercise-induced muscle damage. Thermal stimulations such as icing and heating are commonly used as treatments for muscle injuries in sports. We established a downhill running (DR) protocol that leads to structural muscle disorders without sarcolemmal disruption and directly compared the structural changes produced by icing and heating after DR. Male ddY mice were divided into the DR, DR plus icing (Ice), and DR plus heating (Heat) groups. All mice ran at 20 m/min, -20% grade on a treadmill for a total of 90 min (three rounds of 30 min). In the Ice and Heat groups, an ice pack and a hot pack were, respectively, applied to the exercised triceps brachii muscles for 20 min just after DR. The proportion of myofibers with structural disorders was higher in the Ice group than in the DR and Heat groups at days 1 and 7 after DR. Moreover, the structural disorder of myofibers was slightly improved in the Heat group at day 1 after DR compared with the DR group. These findings suggest that icing treatment might aggravate the structural changes after DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- MASATO KAWASHIMA
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - SHOHEI IGUCHI
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - NAOTO FUJITA
- Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - AKINORI MIKI
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - TAKAMITSU ARAKAWA
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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Watanabe D, Ikegami R, Kano Y. Predominant cause of faster force recovery in females than males after intense eccentric contractions in mouse fast-twitch muscle. J Physiol 2021; 599:4337-4356. [PMID: 34368970 DOI: 10.1113/jp281927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We investigated the mechanisms underlying faster force recovery from eccentric contractions (ECCs) in female than in male mice, focusing on mitochondrial responses. At 3 days after repeated ECCs (REC3), female mice showed faster recovery from ECC-induced force depression than male mice. At REC3, the mitochondria in females displayed superior responses to those in males: (i) mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter content of muscles at REC3 was higher than that of rested muscles in females, and (ii) mitochondrial volume density in females was higher than that in males at REC3. Ovariectomized (OVX) female mice showed lower mitochondrial responses at REC3, similar to those observed in male mice, but oestrogen replacement nullified such lower responses in OVX. We concluded that: (i) superior mitochondrial responses after ECCs, at least in part, cause faster force recovery from ECCs in females than in males, and (ii) oestrogen contributes to such superior responses in the mitochondria in females. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying sex differences in force recovery after eccentric contractions (ECCs). The left limbs of female and male mice were exposed to repeated ECCs (five sets of 50 contractions) elicited in vivo in the plantar flexor muscles. Isometric torques were measured before, immediately and at 3 days after ECCs (REC3), and gastrocnemius muscles obtained at REC3 were used for biochemical and morphological analyses. At REC3, a greater torque depression at 40 Hz was observed in males than females. Additionally, the following differences were observed at REC3: (i) in males but not females, triad structure was distorted, (ii) mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) content was increased in females but not in males, and (iii) mitochondrial volume density at REC3 was lower in males than in females. To examine the contribution of oestrogen to torque recovery, female mice were assigned to sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX treated with 17β-oestradiol (OVX + E2) groups. At REC3, (i) greater torque depression at 40 Hz was observed in the OVX group than in the Sham and OVX + E2 groups, (ii) MCU content was increased in the Sham and OVX + E2 groups but not the OVX group, and (iii) mitochondrial volume density at REC3 was lower in the OVX group than the Sham and OVX + E2 groups. These results suggest that faster force recovery in females than in males is, at least partly, ascribable to superior mitochondrial responses, and oestrogen supplementation, in part, enhances such responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Humanity and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryo Ikegami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (CNBE), University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang SS, Zhou S, Crowley-McHattan ZJ, Wang RY, Li JP. A Review of the Role of Endo/Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Ca 2+ Transport in Diseases and Skeletal Muscle Function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083874. [PMID: 33917091 PMCID: PMC8067840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The physical contact site between a mitochondrion and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), named the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), has emerged as a fundamental platform for regulating the functions of the two organelles and several cellular processes. This includes Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis signalling, ER stress signalling, redox reaction, and membrane structure maintenance. Consequently, the MAM is suggested to be involved in, and as a possible therapeutic target for, some common diseases and impairment in skeletal muscle function, such as insulin resistance and diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, age-related muscle atrophy, and exercise-induced muscle damage. In the past decade, evidence suggests that alterations in Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria, mediated by the macromolecular complex formed by IP3R, Grp75, and VDAC1, may be a universal mechanism for how ER-mitochondria cross-talk is involved in different physiological/pathological conditions mentioned above. A better understanding of the ER (or sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle)-mitochondria Ca2+ transport system may provide a new perspective for exploring the mechanism of how the MAM is involved in the pathology of diseases and skeletal muscle dysfunction. This review provides a summary of recent research findings in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (S.Z.); (Z.J.C.-M.)
| | - Shi Zhou
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; (S.Z.); (Z.J.C.-M.)
| | | | - Rui-Yuan Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jun-Ping Li
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (S.-S.Z.); (J.-P.L.)
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Role of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signalling Axis in Muscle Atrophy Induced by TNFα in C2C12 Myotubes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031280. [PMID: 33525436 PMCID: PMC7866171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass causing reduced agility, increased fatigability and higher risk of bone fractures. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), are strong inducers of skeletal muscle atrophy. The bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phoshate (S1P) plays an important role in skeletal muscle biology. S1P, generated by the phosphorylation of sphingosine catalyzed by sphingosine kinase (SK1/2), exerts most of its actions through its specific receptors, S1P1-5. Here, we provide experimental evidence that TNFα induces atrophy and autophagy in skeletal muscle C2C12 myotubes, modulating the expression of specific markers and both active and passive membrane electrophysiological properties. NMR-metabolomics provided a clear picture of the deep remodelling of skeletal muscle fibre metabolism induced by TNFα challenge. The cytokine is responsible for the modulation of S1P signalling axis, upregulating mRNA levels of S1P2 and S1P3 and downregulating those of SK2. TNFα increases the phosphorylated form of SK1, readout of its activation. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of SK1 and specific antagonism of S1P3 prevented the increase in autophagy markers and the changes in the electrophysiological properties of C2C12 myotubes without affecting metabolic remodelling induced by the cytokine, highlighting the involvement of S1P signalling axis on TNFα-induced atrophy in skeletal muscle.
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14
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Hyatt HW, Powers SK. The Role of Calpains in Skeletal Muscle Remodeling with Exercise and Inactivity-induced Atrophy. Int J Sports Med 2020; 41:994-1008. [PMID: 32679598 DOI: 10.1055/a-1199-7662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calpains are cysteine proteases expressed in skeletal muscle fibers and other cells. Although calpain was first reported to act as a kinase activating factor in skeletal muscle, the consensus is now that calpains play a canonical role in protein turnover. However, recent evidence reveals new and exciting roles for calpains in skeletal muscle. This review will discuss the functions of calpains in skeletal muscle remodeling in response to both exercise and inactivity-induced muscle atrophy. Calpains participate in protein turnover and muscle remodeling by selectively cleaving target proteins and creating fragmented proteins that can be further degraded by other proteolytic systems. Nonetheless, an often overlooked function of calpains is that calpain-mediated cleavage of proteins can result in fragmented proteins that are biologically active and have the potential to actively influence cell signaling. In this manner, calpains function beyond their roles in protein turnover and influence downstream signaling effects. This review will highlight both the canonical and noncanonical roles that calpains play in skeletal muscle remodeling including sarcomere transformation, membrane repair, triad junction formation, regulation of excitation-contraction coupling, protein turnover, cell signaling, and mitochondrial function. We conclude with a discussion of key unanswered questions regarding the roles that calpains play in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden W Hyatt
- Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Scott K Powers
- Applied Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
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15
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Li S, Nguyen NUN, Xiao F, Menendez-Montes I, Nakada Y, Tan WLW, Anene-Nzelu CG, Foo RS, Thet S, Cardoso AC, Wang P, Elhelaly WM, Lam NT, Pereira AHM, Hill JA, Sadek HA. Mechanism of Eccentric Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Secondary to Severe Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation 2020; 141:1787-1799. [PMID: 32272846 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary valvular heart disease is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in both industrialized and developing countries. Although the primary consequence of valvular heart disease is myocardial dysfunction, treatment of valvular heart diseases centers around valve repair or replacement rather than prevention or reversal of myocardial dysfunction. This is particularly evident in primary mitral regurgitation (MR), which invariably results in eccentric hypertrophy and left ventricular (LV) failure in the absence of timely valve repair or replacement. The mechanism of LV dysfunction in primary severe MR is entirely unknown. METHODS Here, we developed the first mouse model of severe MR. Valvular damage was achieved by severing the mitral valve leaflets and chords with iridectomy scissors, and MR was confirmed by echocardiography. Serial echocardiography was performed to follow up LV morphology and systolic function. Analysis of cardiac tissues was subsequently performed to evaluate valve deformation, cardiomyocyte morphology, LV fibrosis, and cell death. Finally, dysregulated pathways were assessed by RNA-sequencing analysis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS In the ensuing 15 weeks after the induction of MR, gradual LV dilatation and dysfunction occurred, resulting in severe systolic dysfunction. Further analysis revealed that severe MR resulted in a marked increase in cardiac mass and increased cardiomyocyte length but not width, with electron microscopic evidence of sarcomere disarray and the development of sarcomere disruption. From a mechanistic standpoint, severe MR resulted in activation of multiple components of both the mammalian target of rapamycin and calcineurin pathways. Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling preserved sarcomeric structure and prevented LV remodeling and systolic dysfunction. Immunohistochemical analysis uncovered a differential pattern of expression of the cell polarity regulator Crb2 (crumbs homolog 2) along the longitudinal axis of cardiomyocytes and close to the intercalated disks in the MR hearts. Electron microscopy images demonstrated a significant increase in polysome localization in close proximity to the intercalated disks and some areas along the longitudinal axis in the MR hearts. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that LV dysfunction in response to severe MR is a form of maladaptive eccentric cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and outline the link between cell polarity regulation and spatial localization protein synthesis as a pathway for directional cardiomyocyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.L.).,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China (S.L.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Yuji Nakada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Wilson Lek Wen Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Roger S Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Suwannee Thet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Alisson Campos Cardoso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo (A.C.C., A.H.M.P.)
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Waleed M Elhelaly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nicholas T Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ana Helena Macedo Pereira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo (A.C.C., A.H.M.P.)
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Department of Molecular Biology (J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine (H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Department of Molecular Biology (J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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16
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Murao M, Imano T, Akiyama J, Kawakami T, Nakajima M. Effect of single bout downhill running on the serum irisin concentrations in rats. Growth Factors 2019; 37:257-262. [PMID: 32200682 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1742118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the effect of different running modes on serum irisin concentrations in rats. A total of 18, 10-week-old rats were divided into three groups; control group, 16° uphill running group (concentric exercise; CON) and, -16° downhill running group (eccentric exercise; ECC). The running group's rats ran on the inclined treadmill at 16 m/min, for a total of 90 min. Blood was drawn from the rats, 48 h after running, after which the rats were anesthetized. The serum concentrations of irisin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Vastus intermedius was collected for immunohistochemical analysis. After multiple comparisons, the ECC showed a significantly high serum irisin concentration (ECC: 28.42 ± 6.31 ng/ml, CON: 21.27 ± 3.03 ng/ml) and a larger irisin antibody reactive cross-sectional area in vastus intermedius compared to the CON (p < 0.05). This is the first study to reveal that single bout downhill running increases serum irisin concentrations in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Murao
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Imano
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukuyama Medical College, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Junichi Akiyama
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kawakami
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakajima
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
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17
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Monitoring exercise-induced muscle damage indicators and myoelectric activity during two weeks of knee extensor exercise training in young and old men. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224866. [PMID: 31697769 PMCID: PMC6837446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study considered the effects of repeated bouts of short-term resistive exercise in old (age: 64.5±5.5 years; n = 10) and young men (age: 25.1±4.9 years; n = 10) who performed six knee extension exercise bouts over two weeks using various markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and electromyographic activity. We found that time-course changes in quadriceps isometric torque, creatine kinase activity, and muscle soreness in the two groups were similar. However, recovery in the acute torque deficit was mediated by more favourable electromyographic activity changes in the young group than in the older adults group. Muscle elastic energy storage and re-use assessed with dynamometry was selectively improved in the young group by the end of the protocol. Serum myoglobin concentration increased selectively in old group, and remained elevated with further bouts, suggesting higher sarcolemma vulnerability and less effective metabolic adaptation in the older adults, which, however, did not affect muscle contractility.
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18
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Hody S, Croisier JL, Bury T, Rogister B, Leprince P. Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Risks and Benefits. Front Physiol 2019; 10:536. [PMID: 31130877 PMCID: PMC6510035 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccentric contractions, characterized by the lengthening of the muscle-tendon complex, present several unique features compared with other types of contractions, which may lead to unique adaptations. Due to its specific physiological and mechanical properties, there is an increasing interest in employing eccentric muscle work for rehabilitation and clinical purposes. However, unaccustomed eccentric exercise is known to cause muscle damage and delayed pain, commonly defined as “Delayed-Onset Muscular Soreness” (DOMS). To date, the most useful preventive strategy to avoid these adverse effects consists of repeating sessions involving submaximal eccentric contractions whose intensity is progressively increased over the training. Despite an increased number of investigations focusing on the eccentric contraction, a significant gap still remains in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the initial damage response and subsequent adaptations to eccentric exercise. Yet, unraveling the molecular basis of exercise-related muscle damage and soreness might help uncover the mechanistic basis of pathological conditions as myalgia or neuromuscular diseases. In addition, a better insight into the mechanisms governing eccentric training adaptations should provide invaluable information for designing therapeutic interventions and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Hody
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Thierry Bury
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, The University Hospital Center, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pierre Leprince
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
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19
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Kanzaki K, Watanabe D, Aibara C, Kawakami Y, Yamada T, Takahashi Y, Wada M. l-arginine ingestion inhibits eccentric contraction-induced proteolysis and force deficit via S-nitrosylation of calpain. Physiol Rep 2019; 6. [PMID: 29368397 PMCID: PMC5789731 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that calpains are involved in the proteolysis of muscle proteins that occurs with eccentric contraction (ECC) and that exogenously applied nitric oxide decreases the calpain‐mediated proteolysis. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ingestion of l‐arginine (ARG), a nitric oxide precursor, on ECC‐related calpain activation. In the first and second experiments, male Wistar rats were given ARG in water for 7 days starting from 3 days before the ECC protocol (average ingestion, ~600 mg kg‐body wt−1 day−1). Tibialis anterior muscles underwent 200 repeated ECCs and, subsequently, were excised 3 days later. Whole muscle analyses (the first experiment) revealed that ARG attenuated ECC‐induced force deficit and autolysis of calpain‐1, and increased the amounts of S‐nitrosylated calpain‐1. Regarding ryanodine receptor (RyR) and dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), ECC‐induced proteolysis was completely inhibited by ARG, whereas the inhibition was partial for junctophilin‐1 (JP1). Skinned fiber analyses (the second experiment) showed that ARG also inhibited ECC‐elicited reductions in the ratio of depolarization‐induced to maximum Ca2+‐activated force. In the third experiment, homogenates of rested muscles were treated with S‐nitrosylating agent, S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), and/or high Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]). Treatment with high [Ca2+] and without GSNO produced proteolysis of RyR, DHPR, and JP1. On the other hand, treatment with high [Ca2+] and GSNO caused complete inhibition of RyR and DHPR proteolysis and partial inhibition of JP1 proteolysis. These results indicate that ARG ingestion can attenuate ECC‐induced proteolysis of Ca2+ regulatory proteins and force deficit by decreasing calpain activation via S‐nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kanzaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Aibara
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masanobu Wada
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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20
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Gokce E, Akat F, Dursun AD, Gunes E, Bayram P, Billur D, Koc E. Effects of eccentric exercise on different slopes. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2019; 19:412-421. [PMID: 31789292 PMCID: PMC6944809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eccentric contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens under tension. Damage-induced responses seen in the muscle after eccentric exercise usually experienced by sedentary individuals. This study aims to investigate muscle damage on different slopes. METHODS 32 male Wistar albino rats randomly divided into four groups: sedentary, horizontal running, and eccentric exercise (-8°, -16°) groups. Animals ran for 90 min with the speed of 25 m/s for five days. After 48h from the last exercise, rats were sacrificed, and plasma creatine kinase (CK), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels were examined. Plasma and soleus total oxidant/antioxidant status (TOS-TAS) and histological changes of soleus muscle assessed. RESULTS CK and HSP70 significantly increased in 16° EE group. TOS increased at 16° EE and 8° EE, but oxidative stress index (OSI) was only high at 8° EE group. Mononuclear cell infiltration and the angiogenesis increased in soleus after eccentric exercise, and there was a correlation with slope. Sarcomere breaks were detected in 16° EE group also in a correlation with slope. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, sedentary individuals are vulnerable to injuries induced by eccentric contraction. Therefore, our study provides information for reconsidering rehabilitation and training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Gokce
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Firat Akat
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ankara, Turkey,Corresponding author: Firat AKAT, Ph.D, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Morfoloji Kampüsü Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey E-mail: •
| | - Ali Dogan Dursun
- Atilim University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emel Gunes
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pinar Bayram
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology. Ankara, Turkey,Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Deniz Billur
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology. Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Koc
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ankara, Turkey,Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Lefkosia, Cyprus
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21
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Pethick J, Whiteaway K, Winter SL, Burnley M. Prolonged depression of knee-extensor torque complexity following eccentric exercise. Exp Physiol 2018; 104:100-111. [DOI: 10.1113/ep087295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Pethick
- Endurance Research Group; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; University of Kent; UK
| | - Katherine Whiteaway
- Endurance Research Group; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; University of Kent; UK
| | - Samantha L. Winter
- Endurance Research Group; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; University of Kent; UK
| | - Mark Burnley
- Endurance Research Group; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; University of Kent; UK
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22
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Girard O, Banzet S, Koulmann N, Chennaoui M, Drogou C, Chalabi H, Racinais S. Larger strength losses and muscle activation deficits in plantar flexors induced by backward downhill in reference to distance-matched forward uphill treadmill walk. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 18:1346-1356. [PMID: 30016189 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1497091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that backward downhill walking (eccentric component) impairs both voluntary activation and muscle contractile properties in the plantar flexors and delays recovery as compared to a gradient and distance-matched uphill walk. Fourteen males performed two 30-min walking exercises (velocity: 1 m/ s; grade: 25%; load: 12% of body weight), one downhill (DW) and one uphill (UP), in a counterbalanced order, separated by 6 weeks. Neuromuscular test sessions were performed before, after, 24-, 48- and 72-h post-exercise, including motor nerve stimulations during brief (5 s) and sustained (1 min) maximal isometric voluntary contractions of the plantar flexors. DW (-18.1 ± 11.1%, P < .001), but not UP (-6.0 ± 7.7%, P =.15), decreased torque production during brief contractions for at least three days post-exercise (P < .05). Voluntary activation during brief contractions decreased after DW (P < .05), but not UP, and recovered by 24 h. Both UP (-9.3 ± 9.0%, P = .024) and DW (-25.6 ± 10.3%, P < .001) decreased torque production during sustained contractions but voluntary activation (P = .001) was lower in DW than UP. Peak twitch torque and maximum rates of torque development and relaxation were equally reduced after UP and DW (P < .05), and recovered by 24 h. DW induced an increase in muscle soreness with peak values observed 48 h post-walking (P < .001), whereas post-UP exercise changes were non-significant (all P > .05). Using a direct comparison, the capacity to drive the plantar flexors during sustained contractions remains sub-optimal during the three-day recovery period in response to non-exhaustive, downhill backward walking in reference to an uphill exercise matched for distance covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Girard
- a Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha , Qatar.,b School of Psychology and Exercise Science , Murdoch University , Perth , Australia
| | - Sébastien Banzet
- c French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA) , Brétigny sur Orge , France.,d UMR-MD-1197 , Clamart , France
| | - Nathalie Koulmann
- c French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA) , Brétigny sur Orge , France.,e Ecole du Val-de-Grâce , Paris , France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- c French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA) , Brétigny sur Orge , France.,f University of Paris Descartes, Hôtel Dieu, EA7330 VIFASOM (Fatigue Vigilance and Sleep) , Paris , France
| | - Catherine Drogou
- c French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA) , Brétigny sur Orge , France.,f University of Paris Descartes, Hôtel Dieu, EA7330 VIFASOM (Fatigue Vigilance and Sleep) , Paris , France
| | - Hakim Chalabi
- a Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha , Qatar
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23
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Kanzaki K, Watanabe D, Aibara C, Kawakami Y, Yamada T, Takahashi Y, Wada M. Ingestion of soy protein isolate attenuates eccentric contraction-induced force depression and muscle proteolysis via inhibition of calpain-1 activation in rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Nutrition 2018; 58:23-29. [PMID: 30273822 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eccentric contraction (ECC) is a contraction in which skeletal muscles are stretched while contracting. The aim of this study was to determine how ingestion of soy protein isolate (SPI) or animal-based proteins affect force deficit, calpain activation, and proteolysis of calcium ion (Ca2+)-regulatory proteins in rat fast-twitch muscles subjected to ECC. METHODS In the first experiment, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control and an SPI group, which were fed a 20% casein and a 20% SPI diet, respectively, for 28 d before the ECC protocol. Anterior crural muscles underwent 200 repeated ECCs and were excised 3 d later. In the second experiment, half of the SPI rats were given water containing NG-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, for 3 d of recovery after ECC. RESULTS SPI ingestion attenuated ECC-induced force deficit, proteolysis of Ca2+-regulatory proteins, and autolysis of calpain-1. Co-ingestion of L-NAME inhibited SPI-associated increases in nitrite and nitrate levels and negated the force recovery effects of SPI. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SPI ingestion inhibits ECC-elicited force deficit and proteolysis of Ca2+ regulatory proteins, which is caused by inhibited activation of calpain-1 via increased nitric oxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kanzaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Aibara
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masanobu Wada
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Váczi M, Río-Rodríguez D, Négyesi J, Fernández Del Olmo M. Acute neuromechanical modifications and 24-h recovery in quadriceps muscle after maximal stretch-shortening cycle exercise. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 40:64-71. [PMID: 29631118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the acute and the delayed changes in corticospinal excitability and in the neuromechanical properties of the quadriceps muscle after maximal intensity stretch-shortening cycle exercise. Ten young males performed 150 jumps to provoke fatigue and muscle damage. Voluntary force, various electrically evoked force variables, and corticospinal excitability were measured at baseline, immediately (IP) and at 24 h post-exercise. Voluntary force, single twitch force, and low frequency force decreased at IP (p < 0.05) but recovered at 24 h, although mild soreness developed in the quadriceps. High frequency force, voluntary activation, and corticospinal excitability remained unchanged. However, vastus lateralis myoelectric activity increased from baseline to IP (p < 0.05). The jumps selectively induced low frequency peripheral fatigue, and central mechanisms did not mediate the acute loss of voluntary force. Because soreness developed at 24 h post-exercise, all force variables recovered, and vastus lateralis electric activity increased, we argue that a dual process of muscle damage, and early neural adaptation as a compensation mechanism took place after the maximal stretch-shortening cycle exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márk Váczi
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Dan Río-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sciences of Sport and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - János Négyesi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Hayao K, Tamaki H, Nakagawa K, Tamakoshi K, Takahashi H, Yotani K, Ogita F, Yamamoto N, Onishi H. Effects of Streptomycin Administration on Increases in Skeletal Muscle Fiber Permeability and Size Following Eccentric Muscle Contractions. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:1096-1102. [PMID: 29314717 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of streptomycin (Str) administration on changes in membrane permeability and the histomorphological characteristics of damaged muscle fibers following eccentric contraction (ECC ). Eighteen 7-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control (Cont), ECC, and ECC with Str (ECC + Str). The tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in both ECC groups were stimulated electrically and exhibited ECC. Evans blue dye (EBD), a marker of muscle fiber damage associated with increased membrane permeability, was injected 24 hr before TA muscle sampling. The number of EBD-positive fibers, muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and roundness were determined via histomorphological analysis. The ECC intervention resulted in an increased fraction of EBD-positive fibers, a larger CSA, and decreased roundness. The fraction of EBD-positive fibers was 79% lower in the ECC + Str group than in the ECC group. However, there was no difference in the CSA and roundness of the EBD-positive fibers between the two ECC groups. These results suggest that Str administration can reduce the number of myofibers that increase membrane permeability following ECC, but does not ameliorate the extent of fiber swelling in extant EBD-positive fibers. Anat Rec, 301:1096-1102, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Hayao
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tamaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kouki Nakagawa
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keigo Tamakoshi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kengo Yotani
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Futoshi Ogita
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
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26
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Bang HS, Seo DY, Chung YM, Kim DH, Lee SJ, Lee SR, Kwak HB, Kim TN, Kim M, Oh KM, Son YJ, Kim S, Han J. Ursolic acid supplementation decreases markers of skeletal muscle damage during resistance training in resistance-trained men: a pilot study. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:651-656. [PMID: 29200908 PMCID: PMC5709482 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.6.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) supplementation was previously shown to improve skeletal muscle function in resistance-trained men. This study aimed to determine, using the same experimental paradigm, whether UA also has beneficial effects on exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage markers including the levels of cortisol, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in resistance-trained men. Sixteen healthy participants were randomly assigned to resistance training (RT) or RT+UA groups (n=8 per group). Participants were trained according to the RT program (60~80% of 1 repetition, 6 times/week), and the UA group was additionally given UA supplementation (450 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained before and after intervention, and cortisol, BNP, myoglobin, CK, CK-MB, and LDH levels were analyzed. Subjects who underwent RT alone showed no significant change in body composition and markers of skeletal muscle damage, whereas RT+UA group showed slightly decreased body weight and body fat percentage and slightly increased lean body mass, but without statistical significance. In addition, UA supplementation significantly decreased the BNP, CK, CK-MB, and LDH levels (p<0.05). In conclusion, UA supplementation alleviates increased skeletal muscle damage markers after RT. This finding provides evidence for a potential new therapy for resistance-trained men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seok Bang
- Department of Physical Education, College of Health, Social Welfare and Education, Tong Myong University, Busan 48520, Korea
| | - Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK 21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Young Min Chung
- School of Free Major, Tong Myong University, Busan 48520, Korea
| | - Do Hyung Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea
| | - Sam-Jun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Health, Social Welfare and Education, Tong Myong University, Busan 48520, Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK 21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Tae Nyun Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK 21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Min Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK 21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mo Oh
- Department of Sports Leisure, College of Kyungsang, Busan 47583, Korea
| | - Young Jin Son
- Department of Sports Industry, Busan University of Foreign Studies, Busan 46234, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Kim
- Department of Sports Science, College of Natural Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK 21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
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Fleckenstein J, Simon P, König M, Vogt L, Banzer W. The pain threshold of high-threshold mechanosensitive receptors subsequent to maximal eccentric exercise is a potential marker in the prediction of DOMS associated impairment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185463. [PMID: 28985238 PMCID: PMC5630131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) refers to dull pain and discomfort in people after participating in exercise, sport or recreational physical activities. The aim of this study was to detect underlying mechanical thresholds in an experimental model of DOMS. Methods Randomised study to detect mechanical pain thresholds in a randomised order following experimentally induced DOMS of the non-dominant arm in healthy participants. Main outcome was the detection of the pressure pain threshold (PPT), secondary thresholds included mechanical detection (MDT) and pain thresholds (MPT), pain intensity, pain perceptions and the maximum isometric voluntary force (MIVF). Results Twenty volunteers (9 female and 11 male, age 25.2 ± 3.2 years, weight 70.5 ± 10.8 kg, height 177.4 ± 9.4 cm) participated in the study. DOMS reduced the PPT (at baseline 5.9 ± 0.4 kg/cm2) by a maximum of 1.5 ± 1.4 kg/cm2 (-24%) at 48 hours (p < 0.001). This correlated with the decrease in MIVF (r = -0.48, p = 0.033). Whereas subjective pain was an indicator of the early 48 hours, the PPT was still present after 72 hours (r = 0.48, p = 0.036). Other mechanical thresholds altered significantly due to DOMS, but did show no clinically or physiologically remarkable changes. Conclusions Functional impairment following DOMS seems related to the increased excitability of high-threshold mechanosensitive nociceptors. The PPT was the most valid mechanical threshold to quantify the extent of dysfunction. Thus PPT rather than pain intensity should be considered a possible marker indicating the athletes’ potential risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Fleckenstein
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias König
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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28
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Callegari GA, Novaes JS, Neto GR, Dias I, Garrido ND, Dani C. Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Responses after Different Resistance and Aerobic Exercise Protocols. J Hum Kinet 2017; 58:65-72. [PMID: 28828078 PMCID: PMC5548155 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after performing different resistance and aerobic exercise protocols. Twelve recreationally trained men (age, 23.2 ± 5.6 years; body mass, 84.3 ± 9.3 kg; body height, 178.9 ± 4.5 cm; and BMI, 26.3 ± 2.3 kg·m2) volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects were randomly assigned to four experimental protocols (crossover): (a) aerobic training at 60% of VO2max, (b) aerobic training at 80% of VO2max, (c) a resistance exercise (RE) session with a bi-set protocol, and (d) an RE session with a multiple sets protocol. Blood samples were collected before, immediately after and 24 hours following the experimental protocols. After 24 hours, there was a significant increase in CK for the 80% of VO2max protocol vs. the bi-set RE session (p = 0.016). Immediately after the protocols, we observed a significant increase in LDH among certain groups compared to others, as follows: multiple sets RE session vs. 60% of VO2max, bi-set RE session vs. 60% of VO2max, multiple sets RE session vs. 80% of VO2max, and bi-set RE session vs. 80% of VO2max (p = 0.008, p = 0.013; p = 0.002, p = 0.004, respectively). In conclusion, aerobic exercise performed at 80% of VO2max appears to elevate plasma CK levels more than bi-set RE sessions. However, the bi-set and multiple sets RE sessions appeared to trigger greater levels of blood LDH compared to aerobic protocols performed at 60% and 80% of VO2max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A. Callegari
- Methodist University Center, Program of Academic Master of Bioscience and Rehabilitation, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Gabriel Rodrigues Neto Department of Physical Education - Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE / UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, University City, Research Center for Human Movement Sciences, Kinanthropometry Laboratory, Room 06 and 08. Castelo Branco. João Pessoa – 58051-900, Brazil.
| | - Jefferson S. Novaes
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Physical Education, Graduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R. Neto
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Physical Education, Graduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Dias
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Department of Physical Education, Graduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Medical Clinic Postgraduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nuno D. Garrido
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Caroline Dani
- Methodist University Center, Program of Academic Master of Bioscience and Rehabilitation, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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29
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Minari ALA, Oyama LM, dos Santos RVT. The Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor mRNA expression is involved with inflammatory control after downhill exercise in the triceps brachii intermediary head in Wistar rats. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:231-239. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Matta TTD, Pereira WCDA, Radaelli R, Pinto RS, Oliveira LFD. Texture analysis of ultrasound images is a sensitive method to follow-up muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2017; 38:477-482. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Torres da Matta
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Programa de Engenharia Biomédica; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Escola de Educação Física e Desporto; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | | | - Regis Radaelli
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Laboratório de Pesquisa e Exercício; Porto Alegre Brasil
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Laboratório de Pesquisa e Exercício; Porto Alegre Brasil
| | - Liliam Fernandes de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Programa de Engenharia Biomédica; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Escola de Educação Física e Desporto; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
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31
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Janecki D, Jaskólska A, Marusiak J, Jaskólski A. Low-Frequency Fatigue Assessed as Double to Single Twitch Ratio after Two Bouts of Eccentric Exercise of the Elbow Flexors. J Sports Sci Med 2016; 15:697-703. [PMID: 27928216 PMCID: PMC5131224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess low-frequency fatigue as a double to single twitch ratio after repeated eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. Maximal isometric torque, single and double twitch responses and low-frequency fatigue were assessed on the elbow flexors in 16 untrained male volunteers before, immediately after, 24 and 48 hours following two bouts of eccentric exercise consisted of 30 repetitions of lowering a dumbbell adjusted to ~75% of each individual's maximal isometric torque. Maximal isometric torque and electrically evoked responses decreased significantly in all measurements after the first bout of eccentric exercise (p < 0.05). In measurements performed at 24 and 48 hours after the second bout both maximal voluntary isometric torque and electrically evoked contractions were significantly higher than in measurements performed after the first bout (p < 0.05). Although low-frequency fatigue significantly increased up to 48 hours after each bout of eccentric exercise, its values at 24 and 48 hours after the second bout were significantly lower than at respective time points after the first bout (p < 0.05). Double to single twitch ratio could be used as a sensitive tool in the evaluation of muscle recovery and adaptation to repeated eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Janecki
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education , Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jaskólska
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education , Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Marusiak
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education , Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Jaskólski
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education , Wroclaw, Poland
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Mechanisms underpinning protection against eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage by ischemic preconditioning. Med Hypotheses 2016; 98:21-27. [PMID: 28012598 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Eccentric exercise training is effective for increasing muscle mass and strength, and improving insulin sensitivity and blood lipid profiles. However, potential muscle damage symptoms such as prolonged loss of muscle function and delayed onset of muscle soreness may restrict the use of eccentric exercise, especially in clinical populations. Therefore, strategies to reduce eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) are necessary, and an extensive number of scientific studies have tried to identify potential intervention modalities to perform eccentric exercises without adverse effects. The present paper is based on a narrative review of current literature, and provides a novel hypothesis by which an ischemic preconditioning (IPC) of the extremities may reduce EIMD. IPC consists of an intermittent application of short-time non-lethal ischemia to an extremity (e.g. using a tourniquet) followed by reperfusion and was discovered in clinical settings in an attempt to minimize inflammatory responses induced by ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion-injury (I/R-Injury) during surgery. The present hypothesis is based on morphological and biochemical similarities in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle damage during clinical surgery and EIMD. Even though the primary origin of stress differs between I/R-Injury and EIMD, subsequent cellular alterations characterized by an intracellular accumulation of Ca2+, an increased production of reactive oxygen species or increased apoptotic signaling are essential elements for both. Moreover, the incipient immune response appears to be similar in I/R-Injury and EIMD, which is indicated by an infiltration of leukocytes into the damaged soft-tissue. Thus far, IPC is considered as a potential intervention strategy in the area of cardiovascular or orthopedic surgery and provides significant impact on soft-tissue protection and downregulation of undesired excessive inflammation induced by I/R-Injury. Based on the known major impact of IPC on skeletal muscle physiology and immunology, the present paper aims to illustrate the potential protective effects of IPC on EIMD by discussing possible underlying mechanisms.
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Rizo-Roca D, Ríos-Kristjánsson JG, Núñez-Espinosa C, Santos-Alves E, Gonçalves IO, Magalhães J, Ascensão A, Pagès T, Viscor G, Torrella JR. Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia combined with aerobic exercise improves muscle morphofunctional recovery after eccentric exercise to exhaustion in trained rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 122:580-592. [PMID: 27765844 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00501.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unaccustomed eccentric exercise leads to muscle morphological and functional alterations, including microvasculature damage, the repair of which is modulated by hypoxia. We present the effects of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia and exercise on recovery from eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD). Soleus muscles from trained rats were excised before (CTRL) and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after a double session of EEIMD protocol. A recovery treatment consisting of one of the following protocols was applied 1 day after the EEIMD: passive normobaric recovery (PNR), a 4-h daily exposure to passive hypobaric hypoxia at 4,000 m (PHR), or hypobaric hypoxia exposure followed by aerobic exercise (AHR). EEIMD produced an increase in the percentage of abnormal fibers compared with CTRL, and it affected the microvasculature by decreasing capillary density (CD, capillaries per mm2) and the capillary-to-fiber ratio (CF). After 14 days, AHR exhibited CD and CF values similar to those of CTRL animals (789 and 3.30 vs. 746 and 3.06) and significantly higher than PNR (575 and 2.62) and PHR (630 and 2.92). Furthermore, VEGF expression showed a significant 43% increase in AHR when compared with PNR. Moreover, after 14 days, the muscle fibers in AHR had a more oxidative phenotype than the other groups, with significantly smaller cross-sectional areas (AHR, 3,745; PNR, 4,502; and PHR, 4,790 µm2), higher citrate synthase activity (AHR, 14.8; PNR, 13.1; and PHR, 12 µmol·min-1·mg-1) and a significant 27% increment in PGC-1α levels compared with PNR. Our data show that hypoxia combined with exercise attenuates or reverses the morphofunctional alterations induced by EEIMD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study provides new insights into the use of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia combined with exercise as a strategy to recover muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise. We analyzed the effects of hypobaric exposure combined with aerobic exercise on histopathological features of muscle damage, fiber morphofunctionality, capillarization, angiogenesis, and the oxidative capacity of damaged soleus muscle. Most of these parameters were improved after a 2-wk protocol of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia combined with aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rizo-Roca
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - J G Ríos-Kristjánsson
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - C Núñez-Espinosa
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - E Santos-Alves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I O Gonçalves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Magalhães
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Ascensão
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Pagès
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - G Viscor
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - J R Torrella
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; and
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Kouzaki K, Kobayashi M, Nakamura KI, Ohta K, Nakazato K. Repeated bouts of fast eccentric contraction produce sciatic nerve damage in rats. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:936-942. [PMID: 26994356 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated sciatic nerve impairment after eccentric contractions (ECs) in rat triceps surae. METHODS Wistar rats were randomly assigned to different joint angular velocity: 180°/s (FAST), 30°/s (SLOW), or nontreated control (CNT). FAST and SLOW groups were subjected to multiple (1-4) bouts of 20 (5 reps, 4 sets) ECs. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and isometric tetanic ankle torque were measured 24 h after each ECs bout. We also assessed nerve morphology. RESULTS After 4 ECs bouts, NCVs and isometric torque in the FAST group were significantly lower than those in the CNT (NCV: 42%, torque: 66%; P < 0.05). After 4 bouts, average nerve diameter was significantly smaller in the FAST group [2.39 ± 0.20 μm vs. 2.69 ± 0.20 μm (CNT) and 2.93 ± 0.24 μm (SLOW); P < 0.05] than that in other two groups. CONCLUSIONS Chronic ECs with high angular velocity induce serious nerve damage. Muscle Nerve 54: 936-942, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kouzaki
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, 7-1-1, Fukasawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 158-8508, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, 7-1-1, Fukasawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 158-8508, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Nakamura
- Division of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohta
- Division of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakazato
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, 7-1-1, Fukasawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 158-8508, Japan
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Pucciarelli MLR, Mattiello SM, Martinez EZ, Mattiello-Sverzut AC. Exercício excêntrico e alongamento para músculos flexores plantares aplicados durante 21 dias após imobilização não modificam o tecido não contrátil. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/12606823022016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO As adaptações da matriz extracelular, que está intimamente ligada à manutenção da integridade e do desempenho do sistema musculoesquelético, não estão consensualmente descritas na literatura após recarga por desuso. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a área de tecido conjuntivo perimisial e de secção transversa das fibras musculares nos músculos sóleo e plantar de ratas imobilizadas e posteriormente reabilitadas por protocolos de alongamento e exercício excêntrico. A expressão do tecido conjuntivo perimisial de ambos os músculos estudados não apresentou diferença significativa após o procedimento de imobilização e treinamento. O treino excêntrico aplicado por 10 dias foi suficiente para recuperar a área das fibras para o músculo plantar, enquanto a recuperação do músculo sóleo aconteceu somente após o protocolo de 21 dias.
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Hill EC, Housh TJ, Camic CL, Smith CM, Cochrane KC, Jenkins ND, Cramer JT, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. Effects of Velocity on Electromyographic, Mechanomyographic, and Torque Responses to Repeated Eccentric Muscle Actions. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:1743-51. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Increases in M-wave latency of biceps brachii after elbow flexor eccentric contractions in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:939-46. [PMID: 26994769 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eccentric contractions (ECCs) induce muscle damage that is indicated by prolonged loss of muscle function and delayed onset muscle soreness. It is possible that ECCs affect motor nerves, and this may contribute to the prolonged decreases in force generating capability. The present study investigated the hypothesis that M-wave latency of biceps brachii would be increased after maximal elbow flexor ECCs resulting in prolonged loss of muscle strength. METHODS Fifteen women performed exercise consisting of 60 maximal ECCs of the elbow flexors using their non-dominant arm. M-wave latency was assessed by the time taken from electrical stimulation applied to the Erb's point to the onset of M-wave of the biceps brachii before, immediately after, and 1-4 days after exercise. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque, range of motion (ROM) and muscle soreness using a numerical rating scale were also assessed before and after exercise. RESULTS Prolonged decreases in MVC torque (1-4 days post-exercise: -54 to -15 %) and ROM (1-2 days: -32 to -22 %), and increased muscle soreness (peak: 4.2 out of 10) were evident after exercise (p < 0.05). The M-wave latency increased (p < 0.01) from 5.8 ± 1.0 ms before exercise to 6.5 ± 1.7 ms at 1 day and 7.2 ± 1.5 ms at 2 days after exercise for the exercised arm only. No significant changes in M-wave amplitude were evident after exercise. CONCLUSION The increased M-wave latency did not fully explain the prolonged decreases in MVC torque after eccentric exercise, but may indicate reversible motor nerve impairment.
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Minari ALA, Oyama LM, Dos Santos RVT. Downhill exercise-induced changes in gene expression related with macrophage polarization and myogenic cells in the triceps long head of rats. Inflammation 2015; 38:209-17. [PMID: 25249340 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most heterogenic immune cells involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. After skeletal muscle damage, M1 phenotypes exhibit pro-inflammatory reaction. In a later stage, they are converted to M2 phenotypes with anti-inflammatory properties. To study when gene expressions of macrophage polarization are changed after damage induced by downhill exercise to exhaustion is the objective of this paper. Before (CTRL) and 0 h (G0), 24 h (G24), 48 h (G48) and 72 h (G72) after 18 bouts of downhill exercise, the animals were euthanised, and the triceps were dissected. We measured gene expression of macrophages (CD68 and CD163), myogenic cells (MyoD and myogenin) and quantified cytokine secretion (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)). The CD68 expression was lower in G72 compared with G24 (P = 0.005) while CD163 was higher in G48 compared with G24 (P = 0.04). The MyoD expression was higher in G72 compared with G0 (P = 0.04). The myogenin expression was lower in G24 compared with CTRL (P = 0.01) and restored in G72 compared with G24 (P = 0.007). The TNF-α was significantly higher at all times after 24 h (all compared with CTRL, with P = 0.03). The CD68 and CD163 expressions behaved distinctly after exercise, which indicates macrophage polarization between 24 and 48 h. The distinct expression of myogenin, concomitantly with MyoD elevation in G72, indicates that myogenic cell differentiation and the significant change of TNF-α level show an important role of this cytokine in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luis Araujo Minari
- Departamento de Biociências, Campus da Baixada Santista, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136,Vila Mathias, Santos/SP-CEP, 11015-020, Brazil
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Valencia AP, Iyer SR, Pratt SJP, Gilotra MN, Lovering RM. A method to test contractility of the supraspinatus muscle in mouse, rat, and rabbit. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 120:310-7. [PMID: 26586911 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00788.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rotator cuff (RTC) muscles not only generate movement but also provide important shoulder joint stability. RTC tears, particularly in the supraspinatus muscle, are a common clinical problem. Despite some biological healing after RTC repair, persistent problems include poor functional outcomes with high retear rates after surgical repair. Animal models allow further exploration of the sequela of RTC injury such as fibrosis, inflammation, and fatty infiltration, but there are few options regarding contractility for mouse, rat, and rabbit. Histological findings can provide a "direct measure" of damage, but the most comprehensive measure of the overall health of the muscle is contractile force. However, information regarding normal supraspinatus size and contractile function is scarce. Animal models provide the means to compare muscle histology, imaging, and contractility within individual muscles in various models of injury and disease, but to date, most testing of animal contractile force has been limited primarily to hindlimb muscles. Here, we describe an in vivo method to assess contractility of the supraspinatus muscle and describe differences in methods and representative outcomes for mouse, rat, and rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Valencia
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shama R Iyer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Stephen J P Pratt
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Mohit N Gilotra
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Richard M Lovering
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
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Rizo-Roca D, Ríos-Kristjánsson JG, Núñez-Espinosa C, Ascensão A, Magalhães J, Torrella JR, Pagès T, Viscor G. A semiquantitative scoring tool to evaluate eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in trained rats. Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2544. [PMID: 26708179 PMCID: PMC4698611 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unaccustomed eccentric exercise is a well-documented cause of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, in trained subjects muscle injury involves only light or moderate tissue damage. Since trained rats are widely used as a model for skeletal muscle injury, here we propose a semiquantitative scoring tool to evaluate muscle damage in trained rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained for two weeks following a two-week preconditioning period, and randomly divided into two groups: control rats (CTL; n=5) and rats with eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (INJ; n=15). Injured rats were sacrificed at three time points: 1, 3 and 7 days post injury (n=5 each). Transverse sections from the right soleus were cut (10 µm) and stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Samples were evaluated by two groups of observers (four researchers experienced in skeletal muscle histopathology and four inexperienced) using the proposed tool, which consisted of six items organised in three domains: abnormal fibre morphology, necrotic/(re) degenerating fibres (muscle fibre domain), endomysial and perimysial infiltration (inflammatory state domain) and endomysium and perimysium distension (interstitial compartment domain). We observed the expected time course in the six evaluated items. Furthermore, agreement among observers was evaluated by measuring the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Within the experienced group, items from the muscle fibre and interstitial compartment domains showed good agreement and the two items from the infiltration compartment domain showed excellent agreement. In conclusion, the proposed tool allowed quick and correct evaluation of light to moderate muscle damage in trained rats with good agreement between observers.
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Imaoka Y, Kawai M, Mori F, Miyata H. Effect of eccentric contraction on satellite cell activation in human vastus lateralis muscle. J Physiol Sci 2015; 65:461-9. [PMID: 26115721 PMCID: PMC10717912 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We compared the time-course of satellite cell (SC) activation between eccentric and concentric contractions in the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle after step exercise. Young adults participated in a 30-min step up/down exercise which mainly involved concentric contractions with the right VL muscle and eccentric contractions with the left VL muscle. The concentric and eccentric contraction phases of the VL muscles were identified by changes in the electromyogram (EMG) and knee joint angle. Biopsy samples were taken from both VL muscles at three time periods: before the exercise and 2 and 5 days after the exercise. We found that the numbers of SCs were significantly increased in the type IIa fibers of the left VL at 2 and 5 days after the exercise. The expression of both hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD) mRNA had significantly increased in the left VL at 2 and 5 days after the exercise and in the right VL at 5 days after the exercise. The expression of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 1 mRNA also increased in the left VL at 2 days after exercise. These results indicate that eccentric contraction can effectively activate SC proliferation for up to 5 days after exercise. Similar changes in HGF, MyoD and TRPC1 mRNA expression suggest that HGF/c-Met signal activation through cation influx has a major impact on skeletal muscle SC activation in response to eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Imaoka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 Japan
| | - Minako Kawai
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Futoshi Mori
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hiroshima Prefectural University, Mihara, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi, 753-8515 Japan
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Tamaki H, Yotani K, Ogita F, Sugawara K, Kirimto H, Onishi H, Kasuga N, Yamamoto N. Effect of electrical stimulation-induced muscle force and streptomycin treatment on muscle and trabecular bone mass in early-stage disuse musculoskeletal atrophy. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2015; 15:270-8. [PMID: 26350946 PMCID: PMC5601240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to determine whether daily muscle electrical stimulation (ES) and streptomycin treatment would have positive or negative effects on trabecular bone mass in disuse rats. METHODS Seven-week-old male F344 rats were randomly divided into five groups of eight animals each: an age-matched control group (CON); a sciatic denervation group (DN); a DN + direct electrical stimulation group (DN+ES); a DN + streptomycin treatment group (DN+SM); and a DN+ES+SM group. The tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in all ES groups were stimulated with 16mA at 10Hz for 30 min/day, six days/week, for one week. Bone volume and structure were evaluated using micro-CT, and histological examinations of the tibiae were performed. RESULTS Direct ES significantly reduced the disuse-induced trabecular bone loss. Osteoid thickness were also significantly greater in the ES groups than in the DN group. Micro CT and histomorphological parameters were significantly lower in the DN+ES+SM group than in the DN+ES group, while there were no significant differences between the DN and DN+SM groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ES-induced muscle force reduced trabecular bone loss, and streptomycin treatment did not induce bone loss, but attenuated the effects of ES-induced muscle force on reducing the loss of disused bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Tamaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan,Corresponding author: Hiroyuki Tamaki Ph.D., Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami, Kita-ku, Niigata, 950-3198, Japan E-mail:
| | - K. Yotani
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan
| | - F. Ogita
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan
| | - K. Sugawara
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - H. Kirimto
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - H. Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - N. Kasuga
- Department of Physical Education, Aichi University of Education, Japan
| | - N. Yamamoto
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan,Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Japan
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Recher G, Coumailleau P, Rouède D, Tiaho F. Structural origin of the drastic modification of second harmonic generation intensity pattern occurring in tail muscles of climax stages xenopus tadpoles. J Struct Biol 2015; 190:1-10. [PMID: 25770062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a powerful tool for studying submicron architecture of muscles tissues. Using this technique, we show that the canonical single frequency sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern (SHG-IP) of premetamorphic xenopus tadpole tail muscles is converted to double frequency (2f) sarcomeric SHG-IP in metamorphic climax stages due to massive physiological muscle proteolysis. This conversion was found to rise from 7% in premetamorphic muscles to about 97% in fragmented muscular apoptotic bodies. Moreover a 66% conversion was also found in non-fragmented metamorphic tail muscles. Also, a strong correlation between predominant 2f sarcomeric SHG-IPs and myofibrillar misalignment is established with electron microscopy. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate the higher sensitivity and the supra resolution power of SHG microscopy over TPEF to reveal 3D myofibrillar misalignment. From this study, we suggest that 2f sarcomeric SHG-IP could be used as signature of triad defect and disruption of excitation-contraction coupling. As the mechanism of muscle proteolysis is similar to that found in mdx mouse muscles, we further suggest that xenopus tadpole tail resorption at climax stages could be used as an alternative or complementary model of Duchene muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Recher
- UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France; IRSET, INSERM, U1085, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Denis Rouède
- IPR, CNRS, UMR-CNRS UR1-6251, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - François Tiaho
- UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France; IRSET, INSERM, U1085, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35000, France.
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Ye X, Beck TW, DeFreitas JM, Wages NP. Acute effects of dynamic exercises on the relationship between the motor unit firing rate and the recruitment threshold. Hum Mov Sci 2014; 40:24-37. [PMID: 25514631 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of concentric versus eccentric exercise on motor control strategies. Fifteen men performed six sets of 10 repetitions of maximal concentric exercises or eccentric isokinetic exercises with their dominant elbow flexors on separate experimental visits. Before and after the exercise, maximal strength testing and submaximal trapezoid isometric contractions (40% of the maximal force) were performed. Both exercise conditions caused significant strength loss in the elbow flexors, but the loss was greater following the eccentric exercise (t=2.401, P=.031). The surface electromyographic signals obtained from the submaximal trapezoid isometric contractions were decomposed into individual motor unit action potential trains. For each submaximal trapezoid isometric contraction, the relationship between the average motor unit firing rate and the recruitment threshold was examined using linear regression analysis. In contrast to the concentric exercise, which did not cause significant changes in the mean linear slope coefficient and y-intercept of the linear regression line, the eccentric exercise resulted in a lower mean linear slope and an increased mean y-intercept, thereby indicating that increasing the firing rates of low-threshold motor units may be more important than recruiting high-threshold motor units to compensate for eccentric exercise-induced strength loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, 1401 Asp Ave. Room 104, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| | - Travis W Beck
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, 1401 Asp Ave. Room 104, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Jason M DeFreitas
- Health and Human Performance, Oklahoma State University, 198 Colvin Rec Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Nathan P Wages
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, 1401 Asp Ave. Room 104, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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Jørgensen A, Ekdahl A, Havnes MB, Eftedal I. Eccentric exercise 48 h prior to simulated diving has no effect on vascular bubble formation in rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 115:597-605. [PMID: 25394809 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Decompression sickness (DCS) caused by vascular bubble formation is a major risk when diving. Prior studies have shown that physical exercise has a significant impact in both reducing and increasing bubble formation. There is limited knowledge about the mechanisms, but there are indications that exercise-induced muscle injury prior to diving may cause increased bubble formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of exercise-induced muscle injury as a possible mechanism of bubble formation during diving. METHODS Muscle injury was induced by exposing female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30) to a single bout of eccentric exercise, 100 min intermittent, downhill (-16°) treadmill running. Forty-eight hours later, the animals were exposed to a 50-min simulated saturation dive (709 kPa) in a pressure chamber, when the degree of muscle injury and inflammation would be the most pronounced. Bubble formation after the dive was observed by ultrasonic imaging for 4 h. RESULTS No difference in bubble loads was found between the groups at any time despite evident muscle injury. Maximum bubble loads (bubbles cm(-2) heart cycle(-1)) were not different, exercise: 1.6 ± 3.5 SD vs control: 2.2 ± 4.1 SD, P = 0.90, n = 15 in each group. CONCLUSIONS Eccentric exercise performed 48 h prior to diving causes skeletal muscle injury but does not increase the amount of vascular bubbles in rats. The prevailing recommendation is that physical activity prior to diving is a risk factor of DCS. However, present and previous studies implicate that pre-dive physical activity does not increase the DCS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arve Jørgensen
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Olavs University Hospital, Post Box 3250, 7006, Trondheim, Norway,
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Contraction induced muscle injury: towards personalized training and recovery programs. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:388-403. [PMID: 25352440 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles can be injured by their own contractions. Such contraction-induced injury, often accompanied by delayed onset of muscle soreness, is a leading cause of the loss of mobility in the rapidly increasing population of elderly people. Unlike other types of muscle injuries which hurt almost exclusively those who are subjected to intensive exercise such as professional athletes and soldiers in training, contraction induced injury is a phenomenon which may be experienced by people of all ages while performing a variety of daily-life activities. Subjects that experience contraction induced injury report on soreness that usually increases in intensity in the first 24 h after the activity, peaks from 24 to 72 h, and then subsides and disappears in a few days. Despite their clinical importance and wide influence, there are almost no studies, clinical, experimental or computational, that quantitatively relate between the extent of contraction induced injury and activity factors, such as number of repetitions, their frequency and magnitude. The lack of such quantitative information is even more emphasized by the fact that contraction induced injury can be used, if moderate and controlled, to improve muscle performance in the long term. Thus, if properly understood and carefully implemented, contraction induced injury can be used for the purpose of personalized training and recovery programs. In this paper, we review experimental, clinical, and theoretical works, attempting towards drawing a more quantitative description of contraction induced injury and related phenomena.
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Cornachione AS, Cação-Benedini LO, Chesca DL, Martinez EZ, Mattiello-Sverzut AC. Effects of eccentric exercise in rehabilitation of phasic and tonic muscles after leg immobilization in rats. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1216-24. [PMID: 25078116 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eccentric exercise is an essential resource for skeletal muscle rehabilitation following muscle disuse however, abnormalities linked to the tissue recuperation require further research. Our aim was analyze the adaptation ability of rehabilitated muscular tissue in rats during different periods of eccentric training after 10 days of limb immobilization. Twenty-seven Wistar rats were divided into six groups: immobilized 10 days, immobilized and eccentric trained for 10 days, immobilized and eccentric trained for 21 days, and three age-matched control groups. After sacrifice, soleus and plantaris muscles were frozen, cut and stained for general histology using hematoxylin and eosin and Gomori trichrome methods and immunohistochemical methods for fiber typing (mATPase, NADH2-TR), for capillaries (CD31) and intermediate filaments (desmin, vimentin) and high resolution microscopy of resin embedded material. Immobilization resulted in more intense morphological alterations in soleus muscles such as formation of target fibers, nuclear centralization, a reduction in the number of type I fibers, diameter of type I, IIA, IIAD fibers, and capillaries. After 10 days of eccentric training, increases in the nuclear centralization and the number of lobulated fibers were observed. This period was insufficient to reestablish the capillary/fiber (C/F) ratio and distribution of fiber types as that observed in the control group. However, 21 days of rehabilitation allowed the reversal of all morphological and quantitative abnormalities. For the plantaris muscles, 10-days of training restored their basic characteristics. Despite the fact that immobilization affected soleus and plantaris muscles, 10 days of eccentric training was insufficient to restore the morphological characteristics of soleus muscles, which was not the case observed in plantaris muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabelle S Cornachione
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Letícia O Cação-Benedini
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Deise Lucia Chesca
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Z Martinez
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Mattiello-Sverzut
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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48
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Franke RDA, Baroni BM, Rodrigues R, Geremia JM, Lanferdini FJ, Vaz MA. Neural and morphological adaptations of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles to isokinetic eccentric training. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742014000300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) are frequently targeted in conditioning/rehabilitation programs due to their role in patellar stabilization during knee extension. This study assessed neural and muscular adaptations in these two muscles after an isokinetic eccentric training program. Twenty healthy men underwent a four-week control period followed by a 12-week period of isokinetic eccentric training. Ultrasound evaluations of VL and VM muscle thickness at rest and electromyographic evaluations during maximal isometric tests were used to assess the morphological and neural properties, respectively. No morphological and neural changes were found throughout the control period, whereas both muscles showed significant increases in thickness (VL = 6.9%; p < .001 and VM = 15.8%; p < .001) post-training. Significant increases in muscle activity were observed in VM (47.8%; p = .003), but not in VL (19.8%; p > .05) post-training. Isokinetic eccentric training produces neural and greater morphological adaptations in VM compared to VL, which shows that synergistic muscles respond differently to an eccentric isokinetic strength training program
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49
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Baumann CW, Rogers RG, Gahlot N, Ingalls CP. Eccentric contractions disrupt FKBP12 content in mouse skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/7/e12081. [PMID: 25347864 PMCID: PMC4187567 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Strength deficits associated with eccentric contraction‐induced muscle injury stem, in part, from impaired voltage‐gated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release. FKBP12 is a 12‐kD immunophilin known to bind to the SR Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor, RyR1) and plays an important role in excitation‐contraction coupling. To assess the effects of eccentric contractions on FKBP12 content, we measured anterior crural muscle (tibialis anterior [TA], extensor digitorum longus [EDL], extensor hallucis longus muscles) strength and FKBP12 content in pellet and supernatant fractions after centrifugation via immunoblotting from mice before and after a single bout of either 150 eccentric or concentric contractions. There were no changes in peak isometric torque or FKBP12 content in TA muscles after concentric contractions. However, FKBP12 content was reduced in the pelleted fraction immediately after eccentric contractions, and increased in the soluble protein fraction 3 day after injury induction. FKBP12 content was correlated (P = 0.025; R2= 0.38) to strength deficits immediately after injury induction. In summary, eccentric contraction‐induced muscle injury is associated with significant alterations in FKBP12 content after injury, and is correlated with changes in peak isometric torque. Eccentric contraction‐induced muscle injury is associated with immediate and prolonged strength deficits that stem in part from impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium release. The content of FKBP12, a 12‐kD immunophilin known to bind to the SR calcium release channel and influence SR calcium release, is reduced in mouse skeletal muscle immediately after injury induction and is significantly associated with strength deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory W Baumann
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Muscle Biology Laboratory, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30302, Georgia
| | - Russell G Rogers
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Muscle Biology Laboratory, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30302, Georgia
| | - Nidhi Gahlot
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Muscle Biology Laboratory, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30302, Georgia
| | - Christopher P Ingalls
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Muscle Biology Laboratory, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30302, Georgia
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50
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Goodman CA, Bennie JA, Leikis MJ, McKenna MJ. Unaccustomed eccentric contractions impair plasma K+ regulation in the absence of changes in muscle Na+,K+-ATPase content. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101039. [PMID: 24959836 PMCID: PMC4069193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) plays a fundamental role in the regulation of skeletal muscle membrane Na+ and K+ gradients, excitability and fatigue during repeated intense contractions. Many studies have investigated the effects of acute concentric exercise on K+ regulation and skeletal muscle NKA, but almost nothing is known about the effects of repeated eccentric contractions. We therefore investigated the effects of unaccustomed maximal eccentric knee extensor contractions on K+ regulation during exercise, peak knee extensor muscle torque, and vastus lateralis muscle NKA content and 3-O-MFPase activity. Torque measurements, muscle biopsies, and venous blood samples were taken before, during and up to 7 days following the contractions in six healthy adults. Eccentric contractions reduced peak isometric muscle torque immediately post-exercise by 26±11% and serum creatine kinase concentration peaked 24 h post-exercise at 339±90 IU/L. During eccentric contractions, plasma [K+] rose during Set 1 and remained elevated at ∼4.9 mM during sets 4–10; this was despite a decline in work output by Set 4, which fell by 18.9% at set 10. The rise in plasma [K+].work−1 ratio was elevated over Set 2 from Set 4– Set 10. Eccentric contractions had no effect on muscle NKA content or maximal in-vitro 3-O-MFPase activity immediately post- or up to 7 d post-exercise. The sustained elevation in plasma [K+] despite a decrease in work performed by the knee extensor muscles suggests an impairment in K+ regulation during maximal eccentric contractions, possibly due to increased plasma membrane permeability or to excitation-contraction uncoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A. Goodman
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jason A. Bennie
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Murray J. Leikis
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J. McKenna
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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