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Lee T, Lim J, Kim S, Kim J, Park KJ, Joung YS, Kim HW. The association between symptoms of developmental coordination disorder and neuropsychological characteristics in children with and without ADHD. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1441102. [PMID: 39119077 PMCID: PMC11306174 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1441102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between DCD symptoms and neuropsychological characteristics in children with and without ADHD. Methods We recruited 298 children aged 5-12 years. Motor performance was assessed using the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ), while ADHD symptoms were assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale (ARS) and the Advanced Test of Attention (ATA). Cognitive characteristics were measured using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, and behavioral characteristics were assessed using the Korean Personality Rating Scale for Children. Results The children had a mean age of 7.6 ± 1.7 years, with 214 (71.8%) being boys. Among children diagnosed with ADHD (n = 176), 39.2% exceeded the DCDQ cutoff score, compared to 4.1% in the neurotypical group (n = 122). In the correlation analysis, the DCDQ total score was significantly correlated with ARS, omission and commission errors in visual and auditory ATA, and full-scale intellectual quotient. In addition, symptoms of depression, social dysfunction, and psychosis were correlated with the DCDQ total score. In the between-group analysis, children with both ADHD and DCD exhibited more omission errors on the auditory ATA and behavioral problems related to depression, social dysfunction, and psychosis compared to children with ADHD only. Conclusion Our study indicates that children with ADHD exhibit more difficulties in motor performance. Children with both ADHD and DCD may present with a greater burden of psychiatric conditions than children with ADHD only, suggesting the need for careful monitoring in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeop Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongseok Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jichul Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Jeong Park
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Sook Joung
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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McWhirter K, Steel A, Adams J. The association between learning disorders, motor function, and primitive reflexes in pre-school children: A systematic review. J Child Health Care 2024; 28:402-428. [PMID: 35830652 DOI: 10.1177/13674935221114187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically review evidence of the association between learning disorders, motor function, and primitive reflexes in preschool children. Seven databases were systematically searched (EMBASE, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Medline, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane) with no restrictions. Inclusion criteria were full text peer-reviewed articles reporting new empirical data, assessing any two of three phenomena in preschool children: learning disorders, motor function, or primitive reflexes. Intervention studies or studies examining congenital, chromosomal or acquired neurological, or pathological conditions and prematurity were excluded. Included papers (n = 27) were assessed for methodological quality by the Hoy et al. Risk of bias tool. Learning and motor function were assessed in all except two articles and motor deficits found to be associated with speech/language and executive function as well as several areas of academic performance. Three studies included primitive reflexes, with high levels of the asymmetrical tonic neck reflex positively correlated with fine motor skills, "school readiness" and "impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention." Caution must be used when interpreting the review results due to significant study heterogeneity. Further research is needed to further understand common underlying mechanisms that may inform earlier diagnostic methods for these three phenomena. PROSPERO: CRD42021265793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie McWhirter
- Australian research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Amie Steel
- Australian research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Jon Adams
- Australian research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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Malik MA, Weber AM, Lang D, Vanderwal T, Zwicker JG. Changes in cortical grey matter volume with Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance intervention in children with developmental coordination disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1316117. [PMID: 38841123 PMCID: PMC11150831 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1316117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a cognitive-based, task-specific intervention recommended for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). We recently showed structural and functional brain changes after CO-OP, including increased cerebellar grey matter. This study aimed to determine whether CO-OP intervention induced changes in cortical grey matter volume in children with DCD, and if these changes were associated with improvements in motor performance and movement quality. Methods This study is part of a randomized waitlist-control trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751). Children with DCD (N = 78) were randomized to either a treatment or waitlist group and underwent three MRIs over 6 months. The treatment group received intervention (once weekly for 10 weeks) between the first and second scan; the waitlist group received intervention between the second and third scan. Cortical grey matter volume was measured using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Behavioral outcome measures included the Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS) and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2). Of the 78 children, 58 were excluded (mostly due to insufficient data quality), leaving a final N = 20 for analyses. Due to the small sample size, we combined both groups to examine treatment effects. Cortical grey matter volume differences were assessed using a repeated measures ANOVA, controlling for total intracranial volume. Regression analyses examined the relationship of grey matter volume changes to BOT-2 (motor performance) and PQRS (movement quality). Results After CO-OP, children had significantly decreased grey matter in the right superior frontal gyrus and middle/posterior cingulate gyri. We found no significant associations of grey matter volume changes with PQRS or BOT-2 scores. Conclusion Decreased cortical grey matter volume generally reflects greater brain maturity. Decreases in grey matter volume after CO-OP intervention were in regions associated with self-regulation and motor control, consistent with our other studies. Decreased grey matter volume may be due to focal increases in synaptic pruning, perhaps as a result of strengthening networks in the brain via the repeated learning and actions in therapy. Findings from this study add to the growing body of literature demonstrating positive neuroplastic changes in the brain after CO-OP intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrah Anum Malik
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Mark Weber
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara Vanderwal
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Malik M, Weber A, Lang D, Vanderwal T, Zwicker JG. Cortical grey matter volume differences in children with developmental coordination disorder compared to typically developing children. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1276057. [PMID: 38826616 PMCID: PMC11140146 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1276057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cause of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is unknown, but neuroimaging evidence suggests that DCD may be related to altered brain development. Children with DCD show less structural and functional connectivity compared to typically developing (TD) children, but few studies have examined cortical volume in children with DCD. The purpose of this study was to investigate cortical grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in children with DCD compared to TD children. Methods This cross-sectional study was part of a larger randomized-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751) that involved various MRI scans of children with/without DCD. This paper focuses on the anatomical scans, performing VBM of cortical grey matter volume in 30 children with DCD and 12 TD children. Preprocessing and VBM data analysis were conducted using the Computational Anatomy Tool Box-12 and a study-specific brain template. Differences between DCD and TD groups were assessed using a one-way ANOVA, controlling for total intracranial volume. Regression analyses examined if motor and/or attentional difficulties predicted grey matter volume. We used threshold-free cluster enhancement (5,000 permutations) and set an alpha level of 0.05. Due to the small sample size, we did not correct for multiple comparisons. Results Compared to the TD group, children with DCD had significantly greater grey matter in the left superior frontal gyrus. Lower motor scores (meaning greater impairment) were related to greater grey matter volume in left superior frontal gyrus, frontal pole, and right middle frontal gyrus. Greater grey matter volume was also significantly correlated with higher scores on the Conners 3 ADHD Index in the left superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe, and precuneus. These results indicate that greater grey matter volume in these regions is associated with poorer motor and attentional skills. Discussion Greater grey matter volume in the left superior frontal gyrus in children with DCD may be a result of delayed or absent healthy cortical thinning, potentially due to altered synaptic pruning as seen in other neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings provide further support for the hypothesis that DCD is related to altered brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrah Malik
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Weber
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara Vanderwal
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Dionne E, Majnemer A, Beauchamp MH, Brossard-Racine M. Factors associated with mathematical capacity in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 147:104710. [PMID: 38428365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a condition characterized by difficulties in motor planning and coordination and affects 5 to 6% of all school-aged children. Children with DCD frequently present with difficulties with academic activities such as handwriting. However, no study to date has comprehensively described mathematical capacity and its potential associated factors in this high-risk group. AIMS We aimed to describe the frequency and nature of mathematical difficulties of school-aged children with DCD and to evaluate potential factors associated with mathematical performance. METHODS A total of 55 elementary school-aged children with DCD underwent comprehensive standardized assessments of mathematical, visuoperceptual (VP), attentional, visual-motor integration (VMI), and motor skills. The contribution of each factor to mathematical capacity was established using hierarchical multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS Children with DCD (9.1 ± 1.5 years, 44 males) had lower overall mathematical capacity compared to normative data (-0.59 SD) on the KeyMath 3rd edition, with poorer performance in basic concepts and problem-solving. Thirty-eight percent of the sample performed below the 15th percentile in overall mathematical skills. VP skills were the most important factors associated with most mathematical domains. Thirty-four percent of the variance of overall mathematical capacity was explained by VP skills, inattention, VMI and motor impairments while controlling for household income (F [5,49]=5.029, p < .0001). CONCLUSION Children with DCD present with mathematical difficulties in basic concepts and problem-solving, which are partially explained by VP skills. Our findings stress the important of systematically assessing mathematical difficulties children with DCD to ensure they receive the necessary support that leads to academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Dionne
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada; Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Canada
| | - Marie Brossard-Racine
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Canada.
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Shipkova M, Butera CD, Flores GD, Kilroy E, Jayashankar A, Harrison L, Cermak SA, Aziz-Zadeh L. Caregiver and youth inter-rater assessment agreement in autism spectrum disorder, developmental coordination disorder, and typical development. Autism Res 2024; 17:610-625. [PMID: 38450955 PMCID: PMC11022856 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are at heightened risk for co-occurring mental health diagnoses, especially anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, caregiver-child agreement on presence of related symptoms in populations with neurodevelopmental conditions is not well understood. Here, we examine the extent to which 37 ASD, 26 DCD, and 40 typically developing children and their caregivers agree on the degree of the child's symptoms of anxiety and ADHD. All caregiver-child dyads completed the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders and Conners 3 ADHD Index. Across groups, intraclass correlations indicated generally poor agreement on anxiety and ADHD symptomatology. Although youth generally reported greater internalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety), caregivers tended to report more observable externalizing behaviors (i.e., ADHD). Together, the results of this study support the need for a multi-informant approach in assessments of anxiety and ADHD in youth with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Shipkova
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christiana D Butera
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Genesis D Flores
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Emily Kilroy
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aditya Jayashankar
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Laura Harrison
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sharon A Cermak
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Thorsson M, Galazka MA, Johnson M, Åsberg Johnels J, Hadjikhani N. Visuomotor tracking strategies in children: associations with neurodevelopmental symptoms. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:337-353. [PMID: 38078961 PMCID: PMC11297076 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often display motor problems that may impact their daily lives. Studying specific motor characteristics related to spatiotemporal control may inform us about the mechanisms underlying their challenges. Fifty-eight children with varying neurodevelopmental symptoms load (median age: 5.6 years, range: 2.7-12.5 years) performed an interactive tablet-based tracking task. By investigating digit touch errors relative to the target's movement direction, we found that a load of neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with reduced performance in the tracking of abrupt alternating directions (zigzag) and overshooting the target. In contrast, reduced performance in children without neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with lagging behind the target. Neurodevelopmental symptom load was also associated with reduced flexibility in correcting for lateral deviations in smooth tracking (spiral). Our findings suggest that neurodevelopmental symptoms are associated with difficulties in motor regulation related to inhibitory control and reduced flexibility, impacting motor control in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Thorsson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Martyna A Galazka
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Cognition and Communication, Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Johnson
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Åsberg Johnels
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Section of Speech and Language Pathology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nouchine Hadjikhani
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Konrad JD, Marrus N, Lohse KR, Thuet KM, Lang CE. Associations Between Coordination and Wearable Sensor Variables Vary by Recording Context but Not Assessment Type. J Mot Behav 2024; 56:339-355. [PMID: 38189355 PMCID: PMC10957306 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2023.2300969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Motor coordination is an important driver of development and improved coordination assessments could facilitate better screening, diagnosis, and intervention for children at risk of developmental disorders. Wearable sensors could provide data that enhance the characterization of coordination and the clinical utility of that data may vary depending on how sensor variables from different recording contexts relate to coordination. We used wearable sensors at the wrists to capture upper-limb movement in 85 children aged 6-12. Sensor variables were extracted from two recording contexts. Structured recordings occurred in the lab during a unilateral throwing task. Unstructured recordings occurred during free-living activity. The objective was to determine the influence of recording context (unstructured versus structured) and assessment type (direct vs. indirect) on the association between sensor variables and coordination. The greatest associations were between six sensor variables from the structured context and the direct measure of coordination. Worse coordination scores were associated with upper-limb movements that had higher peak magnitudes, greater variance, and less smoothness. The associations were consistent across both arms, even though the structured task was unilateral. This finding suggests that wearable sensors could be paired with a simple, structured task to yield clinically informative variables that relate to motor coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Konrad
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Natasha Marrus
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Keith R Lohse
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Kayla M Thuet
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Catherine E Lang
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
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Van Dyck D, Deconinck N, Aeby A, Baijot S, Coquelet N, De Tiège X, Urbain C. Atypical procedural learning skills in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:1245-1267. [PMID: 36458657 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2152433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the procedural learning deficit hypothesis in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) while controlling for global performance such as slower reaction times (RTs) and variability. Procedural (sequence) learning was assessed in 31 children with DCD and 31 age-matched typically developing (TD) children through a serial reaction time task (SRTT). Sequential and random trial conditions were intermixed within five training epochs. Two repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted on a Sequence-Specific Learning Index (SSLI) and a Global Performance Index (GPI, speed/accuracy measure) with Epoch (for SSLI and GPI) and Condition (for GPI) as within-subjects factors, and Group as between-subjects factor. Controlling for RTs differences through normalized RTs, revealed a global reduction of SSLI in children with DCD compared with TD peers suggesting reduced sequence learning skills in DCD. Still, a significant Group x Condition interaction observed on GPI indicated that children from both groups were able to discriminate between sequential and random trials. DCD presented reduced procedural learning skills after controlling for global performance. This finding highlights the importance of considering the general functioning of the child while assessing learning skills in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Coquelet
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charline Urbain
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Mammarella IC, Cardillo R, Orefice C. Trajectory assessments of cognitive, visuospatial, and academic profile in nonverbal learning disability (visuospatial developmental disorder). RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 139:104540. [PMID: 37270907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Substantial progress has been made in defining children with nonverbal learning disability (NLD), but longitudinal studies are still lacking. To start filling this gap, we examined changes in general cognitive functioning, visuo-constructive skills, and academic profiles in a group of children with NLD, also taking into account any internalizing and externalizing symptom as transdiagnostic features. A total of 30 participants (24 boys) diagnosed with NLD were tested twice, with a three-year gap between the two assessments (T1: at age 8-13; T2: at 11-16), on their cognitive profile, visuospatial abilities, and academic performance (i.e., reading, writing and arithmetic abilities). At T2, any internalizing and externalizing symptom was also investigated. Statistically significant differences emerged between the two assessments in terms of the WISC-IV Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), handwriting speed and arithmetical fact retrieval. The NLD profile seems to be characterized by a relative stability in its core features during a child's development, as regards both weaknesses (i.e., visuospatial processing) and strengths (i.e., verbal abilities). The presence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms also suggested the importance to analyze transdiagnostic features rather than only sharp boundaries between conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene C Mammarella
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Ramona Cardillo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Italy; UOC di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Italy
| | - Camilla Orefice
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
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11
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Koul P, Qureshi MI, Kovela RK. Handwriting Evaluation in School-Aged Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e35817. [PMID: 37033536 PMCID: PMC10075016 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread computer use, legible handwriting remains an important common life skill that requires more attention from schools and health professionals. Importantly, instructors and parents typically attribute the difficulties to laziness or a lack of effort, causing the youngster anger and disappointment. Handwriting issues are a public health concern in terms of both prevalence and consequences. Writing is a tough and diverse activity that requires cognitive, perceptual-motor, mental, and emotional talents. It is largely a motor process involving an effective level of motor organization that results in exact movement synchronization. Handwriting problems have been connected to developmental disorders such as developmental coordination disorder. For the affected youngsters, forming letters takes more work, and the kid may forget what he or she planned to write. School children's primary handwriting issues include illegible writing, slow handwriting, and strained writing. Handwriting problems may lead to scholastic underachievement and low self-esteem. Because of this complication, some school-aged children develop handwriting difficulties, which cause psychological distress and learning impairments. In the treatment of children with bad handwriting, the therapeutic intervention has been demonstrated to be successful. We aimed to determine how efficient tools and scales are which assess handwriting in school-aged children having developmental coordination disorder. Keyword searches were conducted on Google Scholar and PubMed, yielding 45 results, eight of which met the inclusion requirements. We concluded that there are a lot of scales and tools to date but no scale focuses on the temporal and spatial parameters for handwriting evaluation.
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12
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Tran HT, Tseng YT, Chen S, Wu SK, Li YC. Moderation of parental socioeconomic status on the relationship between birth health and developmental coordination disorder at early years. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1020428. [PMID: 37009279 PMCID: PMC10050449 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated whether parental SES moderates the effect of birth health on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in preschool children. Methods One hundred and twenty-two children aged 4 to 6 years were enrolled in the study. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children --2nd Edition (MABC-2) test was used to assess the motor coordination of children. They were preliminarily categorized into either the DCD (<=16th percentile, n = 23) or typically developing (TD) group (>16th percentile, n = 99) based on the testing results. All children in the DCD group were further confirmed to meet other diagnostic criteria of the DSM-V using the intellectual test and parental questionnaires. Moderation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS, and 95% confidence intervals with a bootstrap procedure were calculated to identify the significant moderating effect. Results Maternal education (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6805, SE = 0.3371, p < 0.05) and maternal employment status (unstandardized coefficient = 0.6100, SE = 0.3059, p < 0.05) were found to moderate the relationship between birth length and the probability of having DCD. Moreover, the relationship between birth weight and the probability of having DCD was moderated by the annual household income (unstandardized coefficient = -0.0043, SE = 0.0022, p < 0.05). Conclusion The lower maternal education level and maternal unemployment strengthened the negative relationship between birth length and the probability of having DCD. Additionally, the negative relationship between birth weight and the probability of having DCD was statistically significant in high annual household salaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh-Truc Tran
- Department of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shuya Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng K. Wu
- Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chuen Li
- Department of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Yao-Chuen Li
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13
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Dionne E, Bolduc MÈ, Majnemer A, Beauchamp MH, Brossard-Racine M. Academic Challenges in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2023; 43:34-57. [PMID: 35611495 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2022.2073801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a chronic condition affecting motor coordination in daily activities. While motor difficulties are well documented in this population, it is unclear how frequent and to what extent academic activities are affected. This systematic review aims to comprehensively summarize the knowledge regarding the prevalence and extent of academic difficulties in reading, writing and mathematics in school-aged children with DCD. METHODS Two independent reviewers analyzed original studies on academic difficulties in school-aged children with DCD. A binary random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence by academic difficulty. A random-effects model using standardized mean differences (g statistic) was calculated to estimate the extent of the academic difficulties. RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included. A pooled prevalence of 84% of handwriting difficulties and 89.5% of mathematical difficulties was reported. No pooled prevalence of difficulties could be calculated for the other academic outcomes. Children with DCD present with poorer performance in handwriting legibility (g = -1.312) and speed (g = -0.931), writing (g = -0.859), mathematics (g = -1.199) and reading (g = -1.193). CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the high frequency and severity of academic difficulties in children with DCD, specifically in mathematics, which stresses the importance of evaluating academic performance to target interventions to support optimal functioning in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Dionne
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Bolduc
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, Montreal University, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Marie Brossard-Racine
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada
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14
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Konrad J, Marrus N, Lang CE. A Feasibility Study of Bilateral Wrist Sensors for Measuring Motor Traits in Children With Autism. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1709-1735. [PMID: 36065830 PMCID: PMC9974780 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221125275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct, quantitative measures of hyperactivity and motor coordination, two motor characteristics associated with impairment in autism, are limited. Wearable sensors can objectively index real-world movement variables that may relate to these behaviors. Here, we explored the feasibility of bilateral wrist accelerometers for measuring upper limb activity in 3-10-year-olds with autism (n = 22; 19 boys, 3 girls; M age = 5.64, SD = 2.73 years) and without autism (n = 26; 15 boys, 11 girls; M age = 6.26, SD = 2.47 years). We investigated the relationships between movement characteristics related to duration, intensity, complexity, and symmetry on the one hand and parent-reported hyperactivity and motor coordination on the other. Participants with and without autism wore the sensors for 12-hour periods. Sensor variables varied by age but not sex, with movement intensity and complexity moderately related to motor coordination. These findings lend preliminary support to wearable sensors as a means of providing ecologically-valid metrics of motor characteristics that impact adaptive function in children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Konrad
- Program in Physical Therapy, 12275Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Natasha Marrus
- Department of Psychiatry, 12275Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Catherine E Lang
- Program in Physical Therapy, 12275Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, 12275Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, 12275Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Iuzzini-Seigel J, Moorer L, Tamplain P. An Investigation of Developmental Coordination Disorder Characteristics in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2022; 53:1006-1021. [PMID: 36041512 DOI: 10.1044/2022_lshss-21-00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) evidence a high rate of co-occurring fine and gross motor deficits. This clinical focus article reports a preliminary investigation of characteristics of developmental coordination disorder (DCD), a neurodevelopmental disorder categorized by poor motor proficiency and functional limitations, in this population. METHOD Children with CAS underwent a comprehensive motor evaluation using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition, the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, and a developmental history questionnaire to determine if they met criteria for a DCD diagnosis as specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). RESULTS Six out of seven participants met DCD criteria based on the DSM-5 criteria. Four of these children had a co-occurring diagnosis of developmental language disorder, and all met criteria for DCD. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with previous research, the majority of participants demonstrated motor deficits and 85% met criteria for DCD. Despite this high rate of motor deficits, only 57% had previously undergone a physical/occupational therapy evaluation and intervention and only one had a previous diagnosis of DCD. These findings suggest that formal movement assessments are essential for children with a CAS diagnosis. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20540193.
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16
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Van Dyck D, Baijot S, Aeby A, De Tiège X, Deconinck N. Cognitive, perceptual, and motor profiles of school-aged children with developmental coordination disorder. Front Psychol 2022; 13:860766. [PMID: 35992485 PMCID: PMC9381813 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.860766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a heterogeneous condition. Besides motor impairments, children with DCD often exhibit poor visual perceptual skills and executive functions. This study aimed to characterize the motor, perceptual, and cognitive profiles of children with DCD at the group level and in terms of subtypes. A total of 50 children with DCD and 31 typically developing (TD) peers (7–11 years old) underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological (15 tests) and motor (three subscales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2) assessment. The percentage of children with DCD showing impairments in each measurement was first described. Hierarchical agglomerative and K-means iterative partitioning clustering analyses were then performed to distinguish the subtypes present among the complete sample of children (DCD and TD) in a data-driven way. Moderate to large percentages of children with DCD showed impaired executive functions (92%) and praxis (meaningless gestures and postures, 68%), as well as attentional (52%), visual perceptual (46%), and visuomotor (36%) skills. Clustering analyses identified five subtypes, four of them mainly consisting of children with DCD and one of TD children. These subtypes were characterized by: (i) generalized impairments (8 children with DCD), (ii) impaired manual dexterity, poor balance (static/dynamic), planning, and alertness (15 DCD and 1 TD child), (iii) impaired manual dexterity, cognitive inhibition, and poor visual perception (11 children with DCD), (iv) impaired manual dexterity and cognitive inhibition (15 DCD and 5 TD children), and (v) no impairment (25 TD and 1 child with DCD). Besides subtle differences, the motor and praxis measures did not enable to discriminate between the four subtypes of children with DCD. The subtypes were, however, characterized by distinct perceptual or cognitive impairments. These results highlight the importance of assessing exhaustively the perceptual and cognitive skills of children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie Translationnelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Dorine Van Dyck,
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie Translationnelles, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neuroimaging, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Gill KK, Lang D, Zwicker JG. Cerebellar and brainstem differences in children with developmental coordination disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:921505. [PMID: 35967005 PMCID: PMC9371609 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.921505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impairs a child’s ability to learn motor skills and to perform everyday activities. The cause of DCD is unknown; however, evidence suggests that children with DCD have altered brain structure and function. While the cerebellum has been hypothesised to be involved in developmental coordination disorder, no studies have specifically examined cerebellar structure in this population. The purpose of our study was to examine cerebellar differences in children with DCD compared to typically-developing children. Using voxel-based morphometry, we assessed cerebellar morphology in children 8–12 years of age. Forty-six children (12 typically-developing and 34 with DCD) were investigated using high resolution T1-weighted images, which were then processed using the spatially unbiased atlas template of the cerebellum and brainstem (SUIT) toolbox for a region of interest-based examination of the cerebellum. Results revealed that children with DCD had reduced grey matter volume in several regions, namely: the brainstem, right/left crus I, right crus II, left VI, right VIIb, and right VIIIa lobules. Further, Pearson correlations revealed significant positive associations between the total motor percentile score on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 and regions that had reduced grey matter volume in our cohort (brainstem, left crus I, right VIIb, and right VIIIa). These findings indicate that reductions in cerebellar grey matter volume are associated with poorer motor skills. Given the cerebellum’s involvement in internal models of movement, results of this study may help to explain why children with DCD struggle to learn motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep K. Gill
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jill G. Zwicker,
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18
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The Relationship between Motor Coordination Ability, Cognitive Ability, and Academic Achievement in Japanese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050674. [PMID: 35625060 PMCID: PMC9140156 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor coordination abilities are related to cognitive abilities and academic achievement in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the similarities and differences of these relationships in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor coordination abilities, cognitive abilities, and academic achievement in Japanese children with ASD and AD/HD. Participants included 20 children with ASD, 20 children with AD/HD, and 20 typically developing children, matched for age and gender. Their motor coordination abilities were assessed with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). Furthermore, cognitive ability and academic achievement were assessed with the Kauffman Assessment Battery for Children-II (K-ABCII). Results demonstrated that the MABC-2 Total score significantly correlated with the K-ABCII Simultaneous processing, Planning, Total cognitive ability, Writing and Arithmetic scores in children with ASD. However, in children with AD/HD, there was no significant correlation between MABC-2 and K-ABCII subscale scores. The results of this study indicated that the relationship between motor coordination ability, cognitive ability, and academic achievement differs between ASD and AD/HD. This difference might indicate the non-similarity of neurological characteristics and encourage consideration for an approach that accommodates the features of neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
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Van Dyck D, Deconinck N, Aeby A, Baijot S, Coquelet N, Trotta N, Rovai A, Goldman S, Urbain C, Wens V, De Tiège X. Atypical resting-state functional brain connectivity in children with developmental coordination disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 33:102928. [PMID: 34959048 PMCID: PMC8856907 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atypical connectivity in children with developmental coordination disorder. Stronger connectivity mainly found within the dorsal extrastriate network. May reflect a brain trait of children with developmental coordination disorder. This atypical connectivity is not associated with motor/visual perceptual abilities. Lower visuomotor performance associated with stronger sensorimotor connectivity.
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) present lower abilities to acquire and execute coordinated motor skills. DCD is frequently associated with visual perceptual (with or without motor component) impairments. This magnetoencephalography (MEG) study compares the brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and spectral power of children with and without DCD. 29 children with DCD and 28 typically developing (TD) peers underwent 2 × 5 min of resting-state MEG. Band-limited power envelope correlation and spectral power were compared between groups using a functional connectome of 59 nodes from eight resting-state networks. Correlation coefficients were calculated between fine and gross motor activity, visual perceptual and visuomotor abilities measures on the one hand, and brain rsFC and spectral power on the other hand. Nonparametric statistics were used. Significantly higher rsFC between nodes of the visual, attentional, frontoparietal, default-mode and cerebellar networks was observed in the alpha (maximum statistics, p = .0012) and the low beta (p = .0002) bands in children with DCD compared to TD peers. Lower visuomotor performance (copying figures) was associated with stronger interhemispheric rsFC within sensorimotor areas and power in the cerebellum (right lobule VIII). Children with DCD showed increased rsFC mainly in the dorsal extrastriate visual brain system and the cerebellum. However, this increase was not associated with their coordinated motor/visual perceptual abilities. This enhanced functional brain connectivity could thus reflect a characteristic brain trait of children with DCD compared to their TD peers. Moreover, an interhemispheric compensatory process might be at play to perform visuomotor task within the normative range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Coquelet
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicola Trotta
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonin Rovai
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Goldman
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charline Urbain
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Wens
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Enokizono T, Ohto T, Tanaka M, Maruo K, Mizuguchi T, Sano Y, Kandori A, Takada H. Boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder perform wider and fewer finger tapping than typically developing boys - Peer comparisons and the effects of methylphenidate from an exploratory perspective. Brain Dev 2022; 44:189-195. [PMID: 34865917 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the differences in fine motor and coordination skills between boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing (TD) boys and the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) in boys with ADHD. METHODS Fourteen boys aged 7-12 years who were diagnosed with ADHD and previously treated with MPH were instructed to tap their thumbs and index fingers together repetitively for 10 s after attaching magnetic sensors. The participants executed "in-phase" and "anti-phase" tapping. A two-way analysis of variance for comparing boys with ADHD and TD boys and the paired t-test to investigate the effect of MPH between sessions with and without MPH were performed. RESULTS Boys with ADHD showed a significantly lower "number of taps" and a significantly higher "average of local maximum distance" than TD boys. "Energy balance" was significantly lower in ADHD boys than in TD boys. MPH caused a significant difference in the "standard deviation (SD) of phase difference" in "anti-phase tapping." CONCLUSION Our studies indicated that finger-tapping movements in boys with ADHD tended to be significantly wider and fewer than those in TD boys, and MPH may improve the phase difference of bimanual fine motor coordination skills in boys with ADHD who are above 1.0 SD. The results should be interpreted with caution because we conducted statistical tests for many outcomes and groups without considering the multiplicity factor from an exploratory perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Enokizono
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Tatsuyuki Ohto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mai Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazushi Maruo
- Department of Biostatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Sano
- Research & Development Group, Center for Technology Innovation - Healthcare, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kandori
- Research & Development Group, Center for Exploratory Research, Hitachi, Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Takada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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21
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Medeiros PD, Cardoso FL, Silva WRD, Zequinão MA, Tamplain P. Externalizing problems mediate the relationship between motor proficiency and internalizing problems in children: An extension of the Environmental Stress Hypothesis. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 81:102916. [PMID: 34953291 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Environmental Stress Hypothesis (ESH) is a causal theoretical framework that provides a flexible context for understanding factors that mediate the relationship between low motor proficiency and internalizing problems in children. The purpose of the present study was to use the ESH framework to determine whether body mass index (BMI), physical activity levels, psychosocial health and physical health, self-efficacy, perceived social status, prosocial behavior and externalizing problems were potential mediators between motor proficiency and internalizing factors in a population of Brazilian children. 431 children aged 7- to 10 years (240 females, 191 males) participated in the study. The variables were measured with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd ed. (MABC-2), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the MacArthur Subjective Social Status Scale (MacArthur SSS), the Self-efficacy Sense Assessment Roadmap (RASAE), and the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ). The results indicated a direct relationship between motor proficiency and internalizing problems in a population of Brazilian children, with externalizing problems being the only variable mediating that relationship. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that externalizing problems were tested in the context of the ESH. Understanding and evaluating potential mediators in the relationship between motor proficiency and internalizing problems using the ESH framework is essential to promote prevention policies and interventions for school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmella de Medeiros
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
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22
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The unmet clinical needs of children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:826-831. [PMID: 33504966 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to understand the challenges experienced by families obtaining a diagnosis and therapy for developmental coordination disorder (DCD). METHODS Parents of 435 children aged 4-18 years with persistent motor difficulties consistent with a diagnosis of DCD completed an online survey. Diagnostic timeline and diagnostic label/s received were examined, along with therapies accessed. RESULTS There was inconsistent diagnostic terminology (nine separate terms) with more children diagnosed with dyspraxia (64.7%) than DCD (48.8%). Even though most parents (87.0%) reported that receiving a diagnosis was helpful, children did not receive a diagnosis until years after seeking help (mean 2.8 ± 2.3 years). Many children were diagnosed with at least one co-occurring neurodevelopmental, language or learning disorder (70.0%). Almost all families had accessed therapy for their child's movement difficulties (93.9%), but more than half did not have access to funding to support therapy costs (57.8%) and reported that the costs caused financial strain (52.6%). Two out of every three families reported that they did not feel the current level of therapy was sufficient. CONCLUSIONS This critical advocacy research highlights inconsistent and incorrect terminology and the challenges families experience in obtaining a diagnosis and adequate access to therapy for their child's movement difficulties. IMPACT This is the first comprehensive study to examine the challenges families experience gaining a diagnosis and therapy for their child with DCD. Families regularly experienced prolonged diagnosis; 45% waited between 2 and 4 years. There is no clear diagnostic pathway, with children more likely to be diagnosed with dyspraxia than the correct clinical diagnosis of DCD. More extensive implementation of the diagnostic guidelines into clinical practice is needed.
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Lacroix E, Edwards MG, De Volder A, Noël MP, Rombaux P, Deggouj N. Neuropsychological profiles of children with vestibular loss. J Vestib Res 2021; 30:25-33. [PMID: 32083606 DOI: 10.3233/ves-200689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of vestibular loss (VL) on cognition has been previously studied in experimental animal, human and adult patient studies showing links between VL, and cognitive impairments in space orientation, working memory, mental rotation and selective attention. However, few studies have been conducted on children with VL. OBJECTIVE We investigated for the first time, the impact of a VL on children's cognition. METHODS 13 children with VL (10 years, 5 months) and 60 average-age matched controls performed a neuropsychological assessment consisting of visuospatial working memory, selective visual attention, mental rotation and space orientation tasks. RESULTS Children with VL recalled smaller sequences for both forward and backward memory subtasks (mean±SD = 6.3±1.9 and 5.3±2.6) than controls (8.2±2.3 and 7.3±2.0), have less accurate mental rotation scores (25.4±6 versus 30.8±5.1) and greater additional distance travelled in the maze task (96.4±66.6 versus 60.4±66.3); all corrected p-values <0.05. Selective visual attention measures do not show significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Children with VL show similar cognitive difficulties that adults with VL, in tasks involving dynamic cognitive processes (higher attentional load) that in tasks requiring static cognitive processes such as visual attention task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lacroix
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Martin Gareth Edwards
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Anne De Volder
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marie-Pascale Noël
- Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Philippe Rombaux
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Naima Deggouj
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Institute for Research in Psychological Science (IPSY), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Klupp S, Möhring W, Lemola S, Grob A. Relations between fine motor skills and intelligence in typically developing children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 110:103855. [PMID: 33493957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The embodied cognition hypothesis implies a close connection between motor and cognitive development. Evidence for these associations is accumulating, with some studies indicating stronger relations in clinical than typically developing samples. AIMS The present study extends previous research and investigates relations between fine motor skills and intelligence in typically developing children (n = 139, 7-13 years) and same-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 46). In line with previous findings, we hypothesized stronger relations in children with ADHD than in typically developing children. METHODS AND PROCEDURE Fine motor skills were assessed using the standardized Movement Assessment Battery for Children. Intelligence was measured with the standardized Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Regression analyses indicated significant relations between fine motor skills and full-scale IQ, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. Moderation analyses identified stronger relations between fine motor skills and full-scale IQ, perceptual reasoning, and verbal comprehension in children with ADHD compared to typically developing children. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results suggest a close relation between fine motor skills and intelligence in children with and without ADHD, with children diagnosed with ADHD showing stronger relations. Findings support combined motor-cognitive interventions in treating children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenke Möhring
- University of Basel, Department of Psychology, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander Grob
- University of Basel, Department of Psychology, Switzerland
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Nobusako S, Osumi M, Hayashida K, Furukawa E, Nakai A, Maeda T, Morioka S. Altered sense of agency in children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 107:103794. [PMID: 33086140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have deficits in sensory-motor integration, but it is unclear whether the sense of agency (SoA) generated by sensory-motor integration is altered. AIMS To investigate whether there is a difference in the time window for SoA between children with DCD and typically developing (TD) children. METHODS AND PROCEDURES An agency attribution task was used to quantitatively measure and compare the time window for SoA in 15 children with DCD and 46 children in the TD group. Variables that correlated with the time window for SoA were also examined in both groups of children. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The time window for SoA was significantly extended in children with DCD compared to TD children. The time window for SoA in TD children was significantly associated with manual dexterity, whereas the time window for SoA in children with DCD was significantly associated with depressive tendency. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The time window for SoA is altered in children with DCD. The present results suggest that there may be a bidirectional relationship between an internal model deficit and depressive tendency and SoA in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan; Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan; Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hayashida
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Fujiikai Rehabilitation Hospital, 17-6 Yayoi-cho, Higashiosaka-city, Osaka, 579-8026, Japan
| | - Emi Furukawa
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Akio Nakai
- Graduate School of Clinical Education & The Center for the Study of Child Development, Institute for Education, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya-city, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan
| | - Takaki Maeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan; Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
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Hua J, Du W, Dai X, Wu M, Cai X, Shen M, Zhu L. International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder - Chinese (Mandarin) translation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 61. [PMID: 33249559 PMCID: PMC7839484 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
目的本国际临床指南由欧洲残疾儿童学会(the European Academy of Childhood Disability,EACD)牵头制定,旨在解决发育性协调障碍(developmental coordination disorder,DCD)的定义、诊断、评估、干预以及与社会心理方面的临床应用关键问题。方法本指南针对五个领域的关键问题,通过文献综述和专家团队的正式讨论达成共识。为保证指南的循证基础,以“机制”、“评估”和“干预”为检索词, 对2012年更新以来提出的最新建议以及新增的“社会心理问题”和“青少年/成人”为检索词进行检索。根据牛津大学循证医学中心证据等级 (证据水平 [level of evidence, LOE]1–4) 将结果进行分类,最终转化为指南建议。并由国际、多学科专家小组举行了两次会议,5个回合的Delphi 专家问卷调查,制定了高质量临床应用实践 (good clinical practice,GCP) 。结果本指南共制定35条建议。其中8条以文献综述为依据 (3 条涉及“评估”,5条涉及“干预”); 22 条在 2012 年指南的基础上进行了更新;其他为涉及诊断、评估 (3条GCP) 及社会心理问题 (2 条 GCP) 的新建议。此外,其中有1条(LOE)新建议提出视频游戏可作为以活动和参与为导向的传统干预措施的辅助手段,并针对青少年和成人DCD提出了 2 条新建议 (1 条 GCP,1 条 LOE)。结论本指南是基于当前的研究证据和专家共识对DCD进行全面概述。它反映了不同学科临床和科研人员的最新科技水平。本国际指南可作为各国制定指南的基础。
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wenchong Du
- Department of PsychologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Xiaotian Dai
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Meiqin Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xianying Cai
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Shen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children’s HealthShanghaiChina
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Lee K, Kim YH, Lee Y. Correlation between Motor Coordination Skills and Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in Children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207362. [PMID: 33050188 PMCID: PMC7599916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare whole factors of emotional and behavioral problems between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and investigate the interrelationship between motor coordination skills and emotional and behavioral problems among the children. As a result of screening participants (288 children) based on DSM-5 standard, participants were classified as DCD and typically developing (TD) groups. A total of 60 children (mean age: 8.8 years ± 3.5 months; DCD group n = 30, TD group n = 30) were assessed using the Korean Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition for emotional and behavioral problems. Children with DCD showed significantly poor scores in internalizing problems (p = 0.009), inattention/hyperactivity (p = 0.004), and emotional symptoms index (p = 0.001) among the criteria of emotional problems and in personal adjustment (p = 0.000) among the criteria of behavioral problems. The MABC-2 composite percentile score of participants showed a significant correlation with internalizing problem behavior (r = −0.382, p = 0.003), inattention / hyperactivity disorder (r = −0.409, p = 0.001), emotional symptoms index (r = −0.483, p = 0.000), and personal adjustment (r = 0.474, p < 0.01). Our results validated that children with DCD have more emotional and behavioral difficulties than TD children. Our results revealed that the motor coordination skills have correlated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyujin Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.H.K.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +82-33-640-2554 (Y.H.K.); +82-2-880-7762 (Y.L.); Fax: +82-33-641-3659 (Y.H.K.); +82-2-872-2867 (Y.L.)
| | - Yongho Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.H.K.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +82-33-640-2554 (Y.H.K.); +82-2-880-7762 (Y.L.); Fax: +82-33-641-3659 (Y.H.K.); +82-2-872-2867 (Y.L.)
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Rinat S, Izadi-Najafabadi S, Zwicker JG. Children with developmental coordination disorder show altered functional connectivity compared to peers. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102309. [PMID: 32590334 PMCID: PMC7320316 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's ability to learn motor skills and participate in self-care, educational, and leisure activities. The cause of DCD is unknown, but evidence suggests that children with DCD have atypical brain structure and function. Resting-state MRI assesses functional connectivity by identifying brain regions that have parallel activation during rest. As only a few studies have examined functional connectivity in this population, our objective was to compare whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity of children with DCD and typically-developing children. Using Independent Component Analysis (ICA), we compared functional connectivity of 8-12 year old children with DCD (N = 35) and typically-developing children (N = 23) across 19 networks, controlling for age and sex. Children with DCD demonstrate altered functional connectivity between the sensorimotor network and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and the posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) (p < 0.0001). Previous evidence suggests the PCC acts as a link between functionally distinct networks. Our results indicate that ineffective communication between the sensorimotor network and the PCC might play a role in inefficient motor learning seen in DCD. The pMTG acts as hub for action-related information and processing, and its involvement could explain some of the functional difficulties seen in DCD. This study increases our understanding of the neurological differences that characterize this common motor disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shie Rinat
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sara Izadi-Najafabadi
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, Vancouver, Canada; CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada.
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Tomic K, Schönberger H, Weber P, Lapaire O, Manegold-Brauer G. Significance of isolated borderline ventriculomegaly. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:393-399. [PMID: 31079183 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Foetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is one of the most commonly diagnosed brain abnormalities. The aims of this study were to assess cases with isolated VM, describe the prenatal course and assess short- and long-term follow-up at the age of 2 years. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis from our prenatal data base and included all children that were prenatally diagnosed with VM in our unit between 2008 and 2013 (n = 250). Prenatal management, postnatal outcome and neurologic development at the age of 2 years were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 106 children were born at our institution and were diagnosed prenatally with isolated borderline VM. A total of 1.9% (n = 2/106) was transferred to the neonatal unit. A total of 0.9% (n = 1/106) showed abnormal findings in postnatal brain ultrasound. A total of 1.9% (n = 2/106) showed mild neurologic abnormalities after birth, but none had to be seen by a neuropediatrician. At the follow-up at 2 years, 2.5% (n = 1/40) had an insertion of a shunt. CONCLUSION Based on our analysis, the majority of isolated borderline VM do not show short- or long-term neurological abnormalities. However, all cases of VM should be referred to a detailed prenatal ultrasound exam by a specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Tomic
- Division of Prenatal Diagnostics and Gynecologic Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heidrun Schönberger
- Division of Prenatal Diagnostics and Gynecologic Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Weber
- Division of Neuro- and Developmental Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olav Lapaire
- Division of Prenatal Diagnostics and Gynecologic Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gwendolin Manegold-Brauer
- Division of Prenatal Diagnostics and Gynecologic Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
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Karayağmurlu A, Aytaç İ, Gülşen S. Relationship between otorhinologic trauma and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 120:89-92. [PMID: 30772618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJEVTIVES Otorhinologic trauma is an important condition at the ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic in children. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been identified as a potential risk factor that may contribute to the incidence of traumatic injuries. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is an association between otorhinologic trauma and ADHD symptoms in children. METHODS A prospective study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2018. Fifty-six pediatric patients admitted to the Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) outpatient clinic of a research and training hospital aged between 4 and 18 years were included. The control group consisted of 56 age- and gender-similar children without otorhinologic trauma. Conner's parent Rating Scale (CPRS) was used to evaluate the ADHD symptoms. RESULTS The children with otorhinologic trauma had significantly higher mean scores in all subscales, including inattentiveness, hyperactivity, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, analysis of the study group showed that the hyperactivity score in the subgroup with a history of repetitive injuries were significantly higher than those of the subgroup without a history of repetitive injuries (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that patients admitted to the ENT outpatient clinic for otorhinologic trauma had a higher number of ADHD and ODD symptoms than those who did not have otorhinologic trauma. Psychiatric evaluation for ADHD and ODD should be considered for patients admitted to clinics with similar injuries, especially those who have a history of repetitive injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karayağmurlu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - İsmail Aytaç
- Department of Otorinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Secaattin Gülşen
- Department of Otorinolaryngology, Private Hatem Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Mortimer N, Ganster T, O'Leary A, Popp S, Freudenberg F, Reif A, Soler Artigas M, Ribasés M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Lesch KP, Rivero O. Dissociation of impulsivity and aggression in mice deficient for the ADHD risk gene Adgrl3: Evidence for dopamine transporter dysregulation. Neuropharmacology 2019; 156:107557. [PMID: 30849401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 (ADGRL3, LPHN3) has putative roles in neuronal migration and synapse function. Various polymorphisms in ADGRL3 have been linked with an increased risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we examined the characteristics of Adgrl3-deficient mice in multiple behavioural domains related to ADHD: locomotive activity, impulsivity, gait, visuospatial and recognition memory, sociability, anxiety-like behaviour and aggression. Additionally, we investigated the effect of Adgrl3-depletion at the transcriptomic level by RNA-sequencing three ADHD-relevant brain regions: prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and striatum. Adgrl3-/- mice show increased locomotive activity across all tests and subtle gait abnormalities. These mice also show impairments across spatial memory and learning domains, alongside increased levels of impulsivity and sociability with decreased aggression. However, these alterations were absent in Adgrl3+/- mice. Across all brain regions tested, the numbers of genes found to exhibit differential expression was relatively small, indicating a specific pathway of action, rather than a broad neurobiological perturbation. Gene-set analysis of differential expression in the PFC detected a number of ADHD-relevant pathways including dopaminergic synapses as well as cocaine and amphetamine addiction. The Slc6a3 gene coding for the dopamine transporter was the most dysregulated gene in the PFC. Unexpectedly, several neurohormone/peptides which are typically only expressed in the hypothamalus were found to be dysregulated in the striatum. Our study further validates Adgrl3 constitutive knockout mice as an experimental model of ADHD while providing neuroanatomical targets for future studies involving ADGRL3 modified models. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Mortimer
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Germany; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tatjana Ganster
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aet O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychoneuropharmacology, Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sandy Popp
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Germany; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Olga Rivero
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Germany.
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Blank R, Barnett AL, Cairney J, Green D, Kirby A, Polatajko H, Rosenblum S, Smits‐Engelsman B, Sugden D, Wilson P, Vinçon S. International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:242-285. [PMID: 30671947 PMCID: PMC6850610 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM These international clinical practice recommendations (CPR) for developmental coordination disorder (DCD), initiated by the European Academy of Childhood Disability (EACD), aim to address key questions on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of DCD relevant for clinical practice. METHOD Key questions in five areas were considered through literature reviews and formal expert consensus. For recommendations based on evidence, literature searches on 'mechanisms', 'assessment', and 'intervention' were updated since the last recommendations in 2012. New searches were conducted for 'psychosocial issues' and 'adolescents/adults'. Evidence was rated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (level of evidence [LOE] 1-4) and transferred into recommendations. For recommendations based on formal consensus, two meetings of an international, multidisciplinary expert panel were conducted with a further five Delphi rounds to develop good clinical practice (GCP) recommendations. RESULTS Thirty-five recommendations were made. Eight were based on the evidence from literature reviews (three on 'assessment', five on 'intervention'). Twenty-two were updated from the 2012 recommendations. New recommendations relate to diagnosis and assessment (two GCPs) and psychosocial issues (three GCPs). Additionally, one new recommendation (LOE) reflects active video games as adjuncts to more traditional activity-oriented and participation-oriented interventions, and two new recommendations (one GCP, one LOE) were made for adolescents and adults with DCD. INTERPRETATION The CPR-DCD is a comprehensive overview of DCD and current understanding based on research evidence and expert consensus. It reflects the state of the art for clinicians and scientists of varied disciplines. The international CPR-DCD may serve as a basis for national guidelines. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Updated international clinical practice guidelines on developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Refined and extended recommendations on clinical assessment and intervention for DCD. A critical synopsis of current research on mechanisms of DCD. A critical synopsis of psychosocial issues in DCD, with implications for clinical practice. The first international recommendations to consider adolescents and adults with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Blank
- Clinic for Child Neurology and Social PediatricsChild Centre MaulbronnMaulbronnGermany
- Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Department of Psychology, Health & Professional DevelopmentOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUK
| | - John Cairney
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Department of Family MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada
| | - Dido Green
- Department of RehabilitationSchool of Health and WelfareJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
| | - Amanda Kirby
- Dyscovery CentreUniversity of South WalesNewportUK
| | - Helene Polatajko
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational TherapyRehabilitation Sciences InstituteUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Sara Rosenblum
- Laboratory of Complex Human Activity and ParticipationDepartment of Occupational TherapyUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Bouwien Smits‐Engelsman
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation ServicesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - David Sugden
- School of Special Needs EducationUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Peter Wilson
- School of Psychology and Centre for Disability and Development ResearchAustralian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Sabine Vinçon
- Clinic for Child Neurology and Social PediatricsChild Centre MaulbronnMaulbronnGermany
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Mokobane M, Pillay BJ, Meyer A. Fine motor deficits and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in primary school children. S Afr J Psychiatr 2019; 25:1232. [PMID: 30899581 PMCID: PMC6424539 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v25i0.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display motor deficiencies during their daily routine, which may have impact on their developmental course. Children with ADHD who experience motor deficiencies often display deficits in tasks requiring movements, such as handwriting. Aim This study investigated deficiencies in fine motor skills in primary school children with ADHD. The study further sought to establish whether ADHD subtypes differ in deficiencies of fine motor performance, recorded for both the dominant and non-dominant hands. Methods The Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale, completed by educators and parents, was used to screen for ADHD symptoms. Researchers confirmed the diagnosis of ADHD. Motor functioning was assessed using the Grooved Pegboard and Maze Coordination. The children diagnosed with ADHD were matched for age and gender with controls without ADHD. The sample consisted of an ADHD group (160) and control group (160) of primary school children from the Moletjie area. Results Children with ADHD (predominantly inattentive subtype) and ADHD (combined subtype) performed significantly more poorly than the control group on the Grooved Pegboard (p < 0.05) with both the dominant and non-dominant hand. No significant difference between the hyperactivity and impulsiveness subtype and the controls were found. There was no difference on the Maze Coordination Task (p > 0.05) between the ADHD subtypes and the controls. Conclusion Difficulties in fine motor skills are prevalent in children with ADHD, particularly in the ADHD-PI and ADHD-C. Problems are encountered in distal, complex, speeded tasks. The effect may lead to poor handwriting and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mokobane
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Basil J Pillay
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Anneke Meyer
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Effects of dual tasking and methylphenidate on gait in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 62:48-57. [PMID: 30243117 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Effects of dual tasking on motor processes such as gait have been mainly investigated with healthy adults and clinical older samples whereas studies with clinical samples of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are rare. Similarly, even though methylphenidate (MPH) is the most often prescribed medication for children with ADHD, the influence of MPH on children's gait under single-task and dual-task situations remains poorly understood. In the current study, children diagnosed with ADHD (n = 26) came twice to the laboratory, once without and once with MPH medication. They were asked to walk over an electronic walkway without a concurrent task (motor single task) and while solving different cognitive tasks (motor-cognitive dual task). Gait variability and cognitive performance were measured. Children's performance was compared to an age- and sex-matched control sample of typically developing children (n = 26) who were also tested twice. Results indicated considerable effects of dual tasking on children's gait irrespective of group (ADHD vs. controls), with children diagnosed with ADHD showing more pronounced gait alterations in dual-task situations as compared to controls. Furthermore, MPH medication in children with ADHD enabled them to substantially decrease their stride time variability to a level that was comparable to the level of typically developing children. Overall, our findings support the notion that higher cognitive processes such as attention and executive functions influence gait and that MPH can positively affect cognitive and motor processes such as gait.
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Bolk J, Farooqi A, Hafström M, Åden U, Serenius F. Developmental Coordination Disorder and Its Association With Developmental Comorbidities at 6.5 Years in Apparently Healthy Children Born Extremely Preterm. JAMA Pediatr 2018; 172:765-774. [PMID: 29868837 PMCID: PMC6142915 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE There are concerns that apparently healthy extremely preterm children face a risk of developing motor impairments, such as developmental coordination disorder. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of developmental coordination disorder and associated comorbidities in a national cohort of apparently healthy children born at 22 to 26 gestational weeks, compared alongside term-born peers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective, population-based cohort study included all children who were consecutively born at 22 to 26 gestational weeks in Sweden from April 1, 2004, through March 31, 2007. At 6.5 years, 441 preterm children were evaluated alongside 371 controls. A total of 275 preterm children (62.4%) and 359 term-born children (96.8%) did not have neurodevelopmental disabilities. Motor assessments were completed for 229 of 275 preterm children (83.3%) and 344 of 359 (95.8%) term-born children, who composed the final study sample. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Developmental coordination disorder was defined as a score of the fifth percentile or lower on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition scale, using control group scores. Assessment tools included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition, the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales, the Five to Fifteen questionnaire, and the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire. RESULTS Of the 229 extremely preterm children and 344 term-born controls who underwent motor assessments, 115 (50.2%) and 194 (56.4%) were boys, respectively. Developmental coordination disorder was present in 85 of 229 (37.1%) preterm children and in 19 of 344 controls (5.5%) (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 7.92; 99% CI, 3.69-17.20). When preterm children with developmental coordination disorder were compared with term-born peers, the risk was increased for total behavioral problems, internalizing, externalizing, attentional problems, hyperactivity, perceptual problems, executive dysfunction, and poor social skills, with adjusted ORs varying from 2.66 (99% CI, 1.09-6.48) for time concepts to 9.06 (99% CI, 3.60-22.8) for attentional problems (all P < .01). When preterm children with and without developmental coordination disorder were compared, preterm children with developmental coordination disorder had more behavioral problems; the adjusted OR for total behavioral problems was 2.71 (99% CI, 1.15-6.37); for externalizing problems, 2.80 (99% CI, 1.10-7.12); for inattention, 3.38 (99% CI, 1.39-8.18); and for combined attention/hyperactivity problems, 3.68 (99% CI, 1.47-9.16) (all P < .01). Parents underestimated the children's motor problems and only a few of the children had received psychological care or physiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children who were born extremely preterm faced a high risk for developmental coordination disorder with associated comorbidities. Our findings support the importance of a structured follow-up of motor function, behavior, and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Bolk
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aijaz Farooqi
- Unit of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Hafström
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Paediatrics, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrika Åden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Serenius
- Unit of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden,Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Galloway-Long H, Huang-Pollock C. Using inspection time and ex-Gaussian parameters of reaction time to predict executive functions in children with ADHD. INTELLIGENCE 2018; 69:186-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hannant P, Cassidy S, Van de Weyer R, Mooncey S. Sensory and motor differences in Autism Spectrum Conditions and developmental coordination disorder in children: A cross-syndrome study. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 58:108-118. [PMID: 29408162 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has shown that Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) can present with some similar symptomology as Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC). This paper therefore explored the similarities and differences in coordination and sensory responsivity between DCD and ASC. 77 children took part: 42 (35 male, 7 female) with ASC (ages 7-21: mean age 12.23 years), 26 (19 male, 7 female) with DCD (ages 7-21; mean age 11.07 years) and 9 (2 male, 7 female) with ASC and DCD (ages 8-15; mean age 12.27). All groups completed a battery of validated parent report measures online that included motor coordination (DCDQ), sensory responsivity (SPC-R) and social communication measures (AQ). Results showed no significant differences in coordination, and some significant differences in sensory responsivity between ASC and DCD (increased visual and auditory responsivity and decreased proprioception). Exploratory analysis showed that these differences showed good validity in identifying the diagnosis of ASC and DCD. These results elucidate the underlying causes of motor coordination difficulties in both conditions. Specifically, ASC coordination difficulties appear linked to visual processing impairments, whilst DCD coordination difficulties appear to be linked to spatial processing. This may aid better diagnosis and intervention for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny Hannant
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course, Coventry University, UK.
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Reading and Writing Skills in Children With Specific Learning Disabilities With and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder. Motor Control 2018; 22:391-405. [PMID: 29488824 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2016-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This pilot study is to investigate the influence of a developmental coordination disorder (DCD) comorbidity in a group of children with learning disability (LD). Reading and writing were assessed to investigate if the coexistence of a motor impairment can worsen writing quality, speed, and reading accuracy. A sample of 33 LD children (aged 7-11 years) was divided in two subgroups, on the base of their scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children: LD-only (n = 14) and LD with a comorbidity for DCD (LD-DCD, n = 19). No differences were found in handwriting speed, but significant differences were found in handwriting quality: LD-DCD children showed a worst performance. Reading words and nonwords accuracy was more impaired in LD-only children than in LD-DCD children. Group differences suggest a poorer phonological decoding of the LD-only sample, whereas worst cursive handwriting legibility scores are typical of the motor-impaired subgroup.
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Vogt C, Shameli A. Assessments for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: use of objective measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/pb.bp.110.032144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims and methodTo appraise the value of additional information from objective measurements (QbTest system) in the clinical assessment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Two groups of ADHD assessments were compared. In the first group, assessments were undertaken without objective measures, whereas in the second group objective measures were added to the assessment. Practice outcomes were followed up over 1 year.ResultsObjective measures improve differentiating between ADHD and other conditions whose symptoms are known to overlap with ADHD. Objective measurements reduce the risk of unidentified ADHD (P < 0.0035) as measured by subsequent rates of revised diagnosis over a 12-month period.Clinical implicationsIntroducing objective measurements into the clinical assessment of ADHD provides an increased robustness of the clinical diagnosis strengthening clinical decisions for treatment interventions.
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die umschriebene Entwicklungsstörung der motorischen Funktionen (UEMF) zählt zu den häufigsten Entwicklungsabweichungen des Kindesalters. Charakteristisch sind Defizite der Fein- und Grobmotorik, denen ursächlich keine sensorischen, neurologischen oder kognitiven Einschränkungen zugrunde liegen. Verschiedene Studien belegen, dass Kinder mit einer UEMF auch kognitive Defizite in der visuellen Wahrnehmung, in ihren Aufmerksamkeits- und Arbeitsgedächtnisleistungen aufweisen. Das Ziel ist es daher, den Einfluss dieser kognitiven Teilleistungsdefizite auf die Intelligenzleistungen von Kindern mit UEMF zu untersuchen und zu überprüfen, ob Kinder mit UEMF ein spezifisches Intelligenzprofil aufweisen. Die Datenbanken Web of Science und PubMed wurden entsprechend nach deutsch- und englischsprachigen Beiträgen für den Zeitraum 2007 bis 2017 durchsucht. Lediglich fünf Studien erfüllten die Auswahlkriterien. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Kinder mit einer UEMF geringere Testleistungen im Gesamt-IQ aufweisen. Auf Skalenebene konnten insbesondere geringere Testleistungen in der Handlungsskala der WPPSI-III bzw. dem Wahrnehmungsgebundenen Logischen Denken der WISC-IV sowie in der Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit nachgewiesen werden. Die sprachlichen Leistungen der Kinder mit UEMF scheinen zumindest ab dem Grundschulalter unbeeinträchtigt. Testverfahren, die auf den Wechsler-Skalen basieren, stellen ein ökonomisches Instrument dar, um kognitive Leistungsdefizite orientierend im Zusammenhang mit einer UEMF abzubilden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jaščenoka
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen
| | - Franz Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of ADHD among adolescents in Jos, Nigeria. METHOD A cross-sectional descriptive two-stage study of 487 randomly selected participants using Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), Raven's Standard Progressive Matrix (SPM) and the Children's Global Assessment Score (CGAS). RESULTS The prevalence of ADHD was 8.8%. The subtypes found were inattentive (3.08%), hyperactive-impulsive (2.05%), and combined (3.08%); male:female ratio of 1.4:1. ADHD was significantly associated with use of substance by father (odds ratio [OR] = 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.154, 0.781]), use of substance by mother (OR = 0.2; 95% CI = [0.055, 0.711]), and lower education of mother (OR = 0.3 95% CI = [0.116, 0.693]). Poor quality of handwriting (χ2 = 8.120; p = .010) and impaired global functioning ( t test = 10.756; p < .001) were significantly associated with ADHD in the adolescents. CONCLUSION Given the burden of ADHD, efforts should be made to establish a system for the early identification and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Umar
- 1 Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
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Cunningham AC, Delport S, Cumines W, Busse M, Linden DEJ, Hall J, Owen MJ, van den Bree MBM. Developmental coordination disorder, psychopathology and IQ in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 2018; 212:27-33. [PMID: 29433607 PMCID: PMC6457162 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with high rates of neurodevelopmental disorder, however, the links between developmental coordination disorder (DCD), intellectual function and psychiatric disorder remain unexplored. Aims To establish the prevalence of indicative DCD in children with 22q11.2DS and examine associations with IQ, neurocognition and psychopathology. METHOD Neurocognitive assessments and psychiatric interviews of 70 children with 22q11.2DS (mean age 11.2, s.d. = 2.2) and 32 control siblings (mean age 11.5, s.d. = 2.1) were carried out in their homes. Nine children with 22q11.2DS and indicative DCD were subsequently assessed in an occupational therapy clinic. RESULTS Indicative DCD was found in 57 (81.4%) children with 22q11.2DS compared with 2 (6.3%) control siblings (odds ratio (OR) = 36.7, P < 0.001). Eight of nine (89%) children with indicative DCD met DSM-5 criteria for DCD. Poorer coordination was associated with increased numbers of anxiety, (P < 0.001), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (P < 0.001) and autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms (P < 0.001) in children with 22q11.2DS. Furthermore, 100% of children with 22q11.2DS and ADHD had indicative DCD (20 of 20), as did 90% of children with anxiety disorder (17 of 19) and 96% of children who screened positive for ASD (22 of 23). The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire score was related to sustained attention (P = 0.006), even after history of epileptic fits (P = 0.006) and heart problems (P = 0.009) was taken into account. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be aware of the high risk of coordination difficulties in children with 22q11.2DS and its association with risk of mental disorder and specific neurocognitive deficits. Declaration of interest None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Cunningham
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sue Delport
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Wendy Cumines
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Monica Busse
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - David E. J. Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeremy Hall
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J. Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marianne B. M. van den Bree
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
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Hotham E, Haberfield M, Hillier S, White JM, Todd G. Upper limb function in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:713-726. [PMID: 29234901 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Upper limb function was investigated in children with ADHD using objective methods. We hypothesised that children with ADHD exhibit abnormal dexterity, force application during manipulation of a novel object, and movement rhythmicity. Two groups of age- and gender-matched children were investigated: 35 typically developing children (controls, 10.5 ± 0.4 years, 32M-3F) and 29 children (11.5 ± 0.5 years, 27M-2F) with formally diagnosed ADHD according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Participants underwent a series of screening tests and tests of upper limb function while "off" medication. Objective quantification of upper limb function involved measurement of force during a grip and lift task, maximal finger tapping task, and maximal pinch grip. Acceleration at the index finger was also measured during rest, flexion and extension, and a postural task to quantify tremor. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was also administered. Significant between-group differences were observed in movement rhythmicity, manipulation of a novel object, and performance of the MABC-2 dexterity and aiming and catching components. Children with ADHD lifted a novel object using a lower grip force (P = 0.036), and held the object with a more variable grip force (P = 0.003), than controls. Rhythmicity of finger tapping (P = 0.008) and performance on the dexterity (P = 0.007) and aiming and catching (P = 0.042) components of the MABC-2 were also significantly poorer in the ADHD group than controls. Movement speed, maximum pinch grip strength, and tremor were unaffected. The results of the study show for the first time that ADHD is associated with deficits in multiple, but not all domains of upper limb function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hotham
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Miranda Haberfield
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Susan Hillier
- School of Health Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Jason M White
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Todd
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
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Higashionna T, Iwanaga R, Tokunaga A, Nakai A, Tanaka K, Nakane H, Tanaka G. Relationship between Motor Coordination, Cognitive Abilities, and Academic Achievement in Japanese Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2017; 30:49-55. [PMID: 30186080 PMCID: PMC6092008 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Motor coordination impairment is common in children with neurodevelopmental
disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). The purpose of this study was to
investigate the relationship between motor coordination, cognitive ability,
and academic achievement in Japanese children with neurodevelopmental
disorders. Methods Thirty-four school-age (6–12 years old) children with neurodevelopmental
disorders and 34 age-matched typically developing (TD) children were
recruited in this study. Correlations between the scores of the Movement
Assessment Battery for Children-2 (M-ABC2) and the Kaufman Assessment
Battery for Children — Second Edition (K-ABCII) that assesses cognitive
abilities, and academic achievement were analyzed. Results The children with neurodevelopmental disorders obtained a lower total score
and all component scores on M-ABC2 compared to the TD children. In children
with neurodevelopmental disorders, M-ABC2 Manual Dexterity score was
significantly correlated with K-ABCII Simultaneous Processing (r = .345, p =
.046), Knowledge (r = .422, p = .013), Reading (r = .342, p = .048), Writing
(r = .414, p = .017), and Arithmetic (r = .443, p = .009) scores. In
addition, M-ABC2 Balance score was significantly correlated with K-ABCII
Learning (r = .341, p = .048), Writing (r = .493, p = .004), and Arithmetic
(r = .386, p = .024) scores. Conclusion These findings stress that it is essential to accurately identify motor
coordination impairments and the interventions that would consider motor
coordination problems related to cognitive abilities and academic
achievement in Japanese children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Higashionna
- The Misakaenosono Mutsumi Developmental, Medical and Welfare Center, Japan.,Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Iwanaga
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Akiko Tokunaga
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Akio Nakai
- Hyogo Children's Sleep and Developmental Medical Research Center, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nakane
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Goro Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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45
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Crane L, Sumner E, Hill EL. Emotional and behavioural problems in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Exploring parent and teacher reports. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 70:67-74. [PMID: 28915470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although characterised by motor impairments, children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) also show high rates of psychopathology (anxiety, depression, low self-esteem). Such findings have led to calls for the screening of mental health problems in this group. AIMS To investigate patterns and profiles of emotional and behavioural problems in children with and without DCD, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). METHODS AND PROCEDURES Teachers and parents completed SDQs for 30 children with DCD (7-10 years). Teacher ratings on the SDQ were also obtained from two typically-developing (TD) groups: 35 children matched for chronological age, and 29 younger children (4-7 years) matched by motor ability. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Group and individual analyses compared parent and teacher SDQ scores for children with DCD. Teacher reports showed that children with DCD displayed higher rates of emotional and behavioural problems (overall, and on each subscale of the SDQ) relative to their TD peers. No differences were observed between the two TD groups. Inspection of individual data points highlighted variability in the SDQ scores of the DCD group (across both teacher and parent ratings), with suggestions of elevated hyperactivity but comparably lower levels of conduct problems across this sample. Modest agreement was found between teacher and parent ratings of children with DCD on the SDQ. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS There is a need to monitor levels of emotional and behavioural problems in children with DCD, from multiple informants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Crane
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Sumner
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, United Kingdom.
| | - Elisabeth L Hill
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, United Kingdom
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46
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Puyjarinet F, Bégel V, Lopez R, Dellacherie D, Dalla Bella S. Children and adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder cannot move to the beat. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11550. [PMID: 28912422 PMCID: PMC5599521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) fail in simple tasks like telling whether two sounds have different durations, or in reproducing single durations. The deficit is linked to poor reading, attention, and language skills. Here we demonstrate that these timing distortions emerge also when tracking the beat of rhythmic sounds in perceptual and sensorimotor tasks. This contrasts with the common observation that durations are better perceived and produced when embedded in rhythmic stimuli. Children and adults with ADHD struggled when moving to the beat of rhythmic sounds, and when detecting deviations from the beat. Our findings point to failure in generating an internal beat in ADHD while listening to rhythmic sounds, a function typically associated with the basal ganglia. Rhythm-based interventions aimed at reinstating or compensating this malfunctioning circuitry may be particularly valuable in ADHD, as already shown for other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as dyslexia and Specific Language Impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Puyjarinet
- EuroMov Laboratory, University of Montpellier, 700 Av. du Pic Saint Loup, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Valentin Bégel
- EuroMov Laboratory, University of Montpellier, 700 Av. du Pic Saint Loup, 34090, Montpellier, France.,NaturalPad, SAS, 700 Av. du Pic Saint Loup, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Régis Lopez
- National reference center for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia, specialized in adult ADHD, Gui-de-Chauliac University Hospital, 80 Av. Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France.,Inserm Unit U1061, La Colombière University Hospital, 39 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Dellacherie
- Department of Psychology, PSITEC-EA 4072 Laboratory, University of Lille, Domaine Universitaire Pont de bois, 59653, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,University Hospital of Lille, Department of Pediatric Neurology, 2 Av. Oscar Lambret, 59037, Lille, France
| | - Simone Dalla Bella
- EuroMov Laboratory, University of Montpellier, 700 Av. du Pic Saint Loup, 34090, Montpellier, France. .,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), 1430 Boulevard du Mont-Royal, Montreal, QC H2V 2J2, Canada. .,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France. .,Department of Cognitive Psychology, WSFiZ in Warsaw, Ul. Pawia 55, 01-030, Warsaw, Poland.
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47
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Valentini NC, Oliveira MA, Pangelinan MM, Whitall J, Clark JE. Can the MABC discriminate and predict motor impairment? A comparison of Brazilian and American children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2017. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2017.24.3.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia C Valentini
- Professor, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcia A Oliveira
- Executive director, Learning Technology Services, Division of Information Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa M Pangelinan
- Assistant professor, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jill Whitall
- Professor, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jane E Clark
- Professor, Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Baltimore, USA
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48
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Naruse H, Fujisawa TX, Yatsuga C, Kubota M, Matsuo H, Takiguchi S, Shimada S, Imai Y, Hiratani M, Kosaka H, Tomoda A. Increased Anterior Pelvic Angle Characterizes the Gait of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170096. [PMID: 28099484 PMCID: PMC5242439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently have motor problems. Previous studies have reported that the characteristic gait in children with ADHD is immature and that subjects demonstrate higher levels of variability in gait characteristics for the lower extremities than healthy controls. However, little is known about body movement during gait in children with ADHD. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristic body movements associated with ADHD symptoms in children with ADHD. METHODS Using a three-dimensional motion analysis system, we compared gait variables in boys with ADHD (n = 19; mean age, 9.58 years) and boys with typical development (TD) (n = 21; mean age, 10.71 years) to determine the specific gait characteristics related to ADHD symptoms. We assessed spatiotemporal gait variables (i.e. speed, stride length, and cadence), and kinematic gait variables (i.e. angle of pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle) to measure body movement when walking at a self-selected pace. RESULTS In comparison with the TD group, the ADHD group demonstrated significantly higher values in cadence (t = 3.33, p = 0.002) and anterior pelvic angle (t = 3.08, p = 0.004). In multiple regression analysis, anterior pelvic angle was associated with the ADHD rating scale hyperactive/impulsive scores (β = 0.62, t = 2.58, p = 0.025), but not other psychiatric symptoms in the ADHD group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that anterior pelvic angle represents a specific gait variable related to ADHD symptoms. Our kinematic findings could have potential implications for evaluating the body movement in boys with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Naruse
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takashi X. Fujisawa
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Chiho Yatsuga
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- National Hospital Organization Hizen Psychiatric Center, Kanzaki-gun, Saga, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kubota
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuo
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takiguchi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Shimada
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yuto Imai
- Hiratani Clinic for Developmental Disorders of Children, Kitayotsui, Fukui City, Fukui, Japan
| | - Michio Hiratani
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Hiratani Clinic for Developmental Disorders of Children, Kitayotsui, Fukui City, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Akemi Tomoda
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
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49
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Karatekin C, Markiewicz SW, Siegel MA. A Preliminary Study of Motor Problems in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Percept Mot Skills 2016; 97:1267-80. [PMID: 15002871 DOI: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.3f.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although many children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are described as “clumsy,” there is relatively little research on problems in motor development in this population. We used a survey method to assess retrospectively developmental histories of 25 children with ADHD and 27 control children (ages 8–15 years). Children with ADHD reportedly had more difficulty than control children with both learning and performing a variety of motor skills, e.g., tying shoes, printing letters, playing sports. In contrast, parents reported few problems in their children's language development. Severity of motor problems was related to performance on specific IQ indices and reading and spelling tests. Given previous research on adverse consequences of clumsiness in children with attention deficits, results of this preliminary study indicate that further research on motor development can shed light on the developmental psychopathology of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Karatekin
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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50
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Memory-guided force output is associated with self-reported ADHD symptoms in young adults. Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:3203-3212. [PMID: 27394915 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorder in childhood and persists into adulthood in up to 65 % of cases. ADHD is associated with adverse outcomes such as the ability to gain and maintain employment and is associated with an increased risk for substance abuse obesity workplace injuries and traffic accidents A majority of diagnosed children have motor deficits; however, few studies have examined motor deficits in young adults. This study provides a novel examination of visuomotor control of grip force in young adults with and without ADHD. Participants were instructed to maintain force production over a 20-second trial with and without real-time visual feedback about their performance. The results demonstrated that when visual feedback was available, adults with ADHD produced slightly higher grip force than controls. However, when visual feedback was removed, adults with ADHD had a faster rate of decay of force, which was associated with ADHD symptom severity and trait impulsivity. These findings suggest that there may be important differences in the way that adults with ADHD integrate visual feedback during continuous motor tasks. These may account for some of the motor impairments reported in children with ADHD. These deficits could result from (1) dysfunctional sensory motor integration and/or (2) deficits in short-term visuomotor memory.
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