1
|
Suzuki T, Yanagisawa K, Kakogawa J, Babazono T. Clinical factors associated with birth weight of infants born to pregnant women with diabetes. Diabetol Int 2024; 15:177-186. [PMID: 38524925 PMCID: PMC10959873 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the clinical factors associated with the birth weight of infants born to Japanese pregnant women with diabetes. This retrospective observational study enrolled 204 Japanese women with singleton pregnancies with type 1 diabetes (n = 135) or type 2 diabetes (n = 69). We used multiple regression analyses to examine factors associated with birth weight standard deviation (SD) scores. In addition, we compared the clinical findings among the groups of mothers who gave birth to appropriate for gestational age infants (AGA group), large for gestational age infants (LGA group), and small for gestational age infants (SGA group). Multiple regression analyses showed that the birth weight SD score was positively associated with type 2 diabetes. In women with type 1 diabetes, the birth weight SD score was positively associated with glycated albumin levels and gestational weight gain and negatively associated with pre-pregnancy underweight. Only gestational weight gain was positively associated with birth weight SD scores in women with type 2 diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin levels, gestational weight gain, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the LGA group than in the AGA group. The SGA group showed significantly lower gestational weight gain and triglyceride levels than the AGA group. These results suggest that it is important to manage not only blood glucose levels but also pre-pregnancy body weight and gestational weight gain for appropriate fetal growth. The effects of clinical factors on infant birth weight may differ between patients with type 1 and those with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Suzuki
- Division of Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan
| | - Keiko Yanagisawa
- Division of Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan
| | - Jun Kakogawa
- Maternal and Perinatal Center, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Babazono
- Division of Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barzilai R, Bronshtein M, Steinberg M, Weiner Z, Gover A. Small for gestational age: the familial perspective. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:3840-3844. [PMID: 33138687 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1841160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are multiple etiologies for being born small for gestational age (SGA). However, extended familial data in idiopathic cases have been scarcely reported. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to explore the familial history of SGA newborns and describe the proportion and distribution of SGA in their parents and parental siblings. METHODS This was a retrospective study performed at an obstetrics clinic holding a detailed reliable electronic database. Between 2008 and 2017, data of 14,003 patients and 20,617 pregnancies were recorded. Parents of SGA infants were identified and extended familial history was obtained by questionnaires, including birth weights (BWs) and gestational age at birth of the parents and parents' siblings. SGA was defined as a BW below the 10th percentile. Proportions of maternal, paternal, and parental siblings' SGA were calculated. Chi-square test was performed to assess the relationship between SGA family member's gender and SGA infants' gender, and between the relative's gender and their family relationship to the infant. RESULTS About 2100 women had a history of a previous infant born SGA, however, after exclusion the final cohort comprised 926 women with a previous SGA infant. In 473 cases there was at least one other family member of the infant born SGA: father, mother, aunt, or uncle of the infant, representing a prevalence of 51% (473/926) of familial SGA. Out of familial SGA cases, maternal SGA was found in 55% (260/473), and paternal SGA was found in 28.1% (133/473). 27.6% had more than one SGA relative. Eighteen infants had both an SGA father and an SGA mother (3.8%). A history of an SGA aunt or uncle was found in 44% (209/473) of familial SGA cases, which was 22.5% (209/926) of the entire cohort. Parental sibling SGA occurred almost twice in mother's siblings as compared to father's siblings. Chi-square test revealed no association between the SGA relative's gender and their family relationship to the infant. There was no association between the SGA infant's gender and the SGA relative's gender. CONCLUSIONS A family history of SGA is common in SGA infants, and occurs most often in mothers. This study found 22% SGA in parental siblings, in maternal siblings more than paternal siblings, supporting the possibility of a genetic component in SGA trait transmission. In clinical practice, when counseling parents with a growth-restricted fetus from an unknown etiology, extended familial birthweight history should be obtained and taken into account, which may be helpful in reducing parental anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roni Barzilai
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Moshe Bronshtein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maya Steinberg
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zeev Weiner
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ayala Gover
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tullius Z, Rankin K, DeSisto C, Collins JW. Adverse birth outcome across the generations: the contribution of paternal factors. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 302:1151-1157. [PMID: 32748050 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is literature suggesting an intergenerational relationship between maternal and infant size for gestational age status and preterm birth, but much less is known about the contribution of paternal birth outcome to infant birth outcome. This study seeks to determine the association between paternal and infant small-for-gestational-age status (weight for gestational age < 10th percentile, SGA) and preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation, PTB) in a large, diverse population-based sample in the United States. METHODS Stratified and log-binomial multivariable regression analyses were computed on the vital records of Illinois-born infants (1989-1991) and their Illinois-born parents (born 1956-1976). RESULTS Among non-Hispanic Whites (n = 83,218), the adjusted (controlling for maternal SGA or PTB, age, parity, education, marital status, prenatal care, and cigarette smoking) relative risk (95% confidence interval) of infant SGA and PTB for former SGA (compared to non-SGA) and preterm (compared to term) fathers equaled 1.65 (1.53, 1.77) and 1.07 (0.92, 1.24), respectively. Among African-Americans (n = 8401), the adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval) of infant SGA and PTB for former SGA (compared to non-SGA) and preterm (compared to term) fathers equaled 1.32 (1.14, 1.52) and 1.19 (0.98, 1.45), respectively. CONCLUSION Paternal adverse birth outcome, particularly SGA, is a modest risk factor for corresponding adverse infant outcome, independent of maternal risk status. This phenomenon appears to occur similarly among non-Hispanic White and African-American women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Tullius
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Texas Tech Health Sciences Center El Paso Paul L. Foster SOM, 4800 Alberta Ave., El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
| | - Kristin Rankin
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carla DeSisto
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James W Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vik ES, Nilsen RM, Aasheim V, Small R, Moster D, Schytt E. Country of first birth and neonatal outcomes in migrant and Norwegian-born parous women in Norway: a population-based study. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:540. [PMID: 32539855 PMCID: PMC7296964 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compares subsequent birth outcomes in migrant women who had already had a child before arriving in Norway with those in migrant women whose first birth occurred in Norway. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between country of first birth and adverse neonatal outcomes (very preterm birth, moderately preterm birth, post-term birth, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, low Apgar score, stillbirth and neonatal death) in parous migrant and Norwegian-born women. Methods National population-based study including second and subsequent singleton births in Norway from 1990 to 2016. Data were retrieved from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and Statistics Norway. Neonatal outcomes were compared between births to: 1) migrant women with a first birth before immigration to Norway (n = 30,062) versus those with a first birth after immigration (n = 66,006), and 2) Norwegian-born women with a first birth outside Norway (n = 6205) versus those with a first birth in Norway (n = 514,799). Associations were estimated as crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multiple logistic regression. Results Migrant women with a first birth before immigrating to Norway had increased odds of adverse outcomes in subsequent births relative to those with a first birth after immigration: very preterm birth (22–31 gestational weeks; aOR = 1.27; CI 1.09–1.48), moderately preterm birth (32–36 gestational weeks; aOR = 1.10; CI 1.02–1.18), post-term birth (≥42 gestational weeks; aOR = 1.19; CI 1.11–1.27), low Apgar score (< 7 at 5 min; aOR = 1.27; CI 1.16–1.39) and stillbirth (aOR = 1.29; CI 1.05–1.58). Similar results were found in the sample of births to Norwegian-born women. Conclusions The increased odds of adverse neonatal outcomes for migrant and Norwegian-born women who had their first births outside Norway should serve as a reminder of the importance of taking a careful obstetric history in these parous women to ensure appropriate care for their subsequent pregnancies and births in Norway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline S Vik
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Kronstad, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Roy M Nilsen
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Kronstad, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vigdis Aasheim
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Kronstad, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rhonda Small
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dag Moster
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erica Schytt
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Kronstad, Inndalsveien 28, 5063, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Briffa JF, Wlodek ME, Moritz KM. Transgenerational programming of nephron deficits and hypertension. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 103:94-103. [PMID: 29859996 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to a sub-optimal environment in the womb can result in poor fetal growth and impair the normal development of organs. The kidney, specifically the process of nephrogenesis, has been shown to be impacted by many common pregnancy exposures including an inadequate diet, poor placental function, maternal stress as well as maternal smoking and alcohol consumption. This can result in offspring being born with a reduced nephron endowment, which places these individuals at increased risk of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Of recent interest is whether this disease risk can be passed on to subsequent generations and, if so, what are the mechanisms and pathways involved. In this review, we highlight the growing body of evidence that a low birth weight and hypertension, which are both major risk factors for cardiovascular and CKD, can be transmitted across generations. However, as yet there is little data as to whether a low nephron endowment contributes to this disease transmission. The emerging data suggests transmission can occur both through both the maternal and paternal lines, which likely involves epigenetic mechanisms such chromatin remodelling (DNA methylation and histone modification) and non-coding RNA modifications. In addition, females who were born small and/or have a low nephron endowment are at an increased risk for pregnancy complications, which can influence the growth and development of the next generation. Future animal studies in this area should include examining nephron endowment across multiple generations and determining adult renal function. Clinically, long term follow-up studies of large birth cohorts need to be undertaken to more clearly determine the impact a sub-optimal environment in one generation has on the health outcomes in the second, and subsequent, generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Briffa
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen M Moritz
- Child Health Research Centre and School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The transgenerational effect of maternal and paternal F1 low birth weight on bone health of second and third generation offspring. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 10:144-153. [PMID: 29631641 DOI: 10.1017/s204017441800020x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Low birth weight programs diseases in adulthood, including adverse bone health. These diseases can have intergenerational and transgenerational origins, whereby transmission to subsequent generations occurs via both parental lines. Uteroplacental insufficiency surgery (Restricted) or sham surgery (Control) was performed on gestational day 18, in F0 Wistar-Kyoto rats. F1 Restricted males and females mated with breeders in order to generate F2 offspring of maternal and paternal lineages. F2 males and females were randomly selected for breeding to generate F3 offspring. F2 and F3 offspring did not have differences in birth weight irrespective of F1 low birth weight and parental line. Maternal line females had minor alterations to trabecular content and density at 6 months, these differences were not sustained at 12 months. Maternal line males had changes to trabecular content at 6 and 12 months; however, differences were no longer present at 16 months. Despite altered bone geometry at 12 and 16 months, bending strength remained unaffected at both ages. Bone health of paternal line females was not affected at 6 and 12 months. Paternal line males at 6 months had changes to trabecular and cortical content; cortical thickness, periosteal circumference and bending strength; however, these differences were no longer sustained at 12 and 16 months. Our data demonstrate that there is no transgenerational transmission of adverse bone health in F2 and F3 offspring, derived from low F1 birth weight females and males. Our results are novel, as bone health across generations and both parental lines has not been investigated in a model of low birth weight due to uteroplacental insufficiency.
Collapse
|
7
|
Endler M, Cnattingius S, Granfors M, Wikström AK. The inherited risk of retained placenta: a population based cohort study. BJOG 2017; 125:737-744. [PMID: 28731581 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether retained placenta in the first generation is associated with an increased risk of retained placenta in the second generation. DESIGN Population-based cohort study. SETTING Sweden. POPULATION Using linked generational data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register 1973-2012, we identified 494 000 second-generation births with information on the birth of the mother (first-generation index birth). For 292 897 of these births there was information also on the birth of the father. METHODS Risk of retained placenta in the second generation was calculated as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) by unconditional logistic regression with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) according to whether retained placenta occurred in a first generation birth or not. MAIN OUTCOME Retained placenta in the second generation. RESULTS The risk of retained placenta in a second-generation birth was increased if retained placenta had occurred at the mother's own birth (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.52-1.82), at the birth of one of her siblings (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.43-1.76) or both (aOR 2.75, 95% CI 2.18-3.46). The risk was slightly increased if retained placenta had occurred at the birth of the father (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.07-1.41). For preterm births in both generations, the risk of retained placenta in the second generation was increased six-fold if retained placenta had occurred at the mother's birth (OR 6.55, 95% CI 2.68-16.02). CONCLUSION There is an intergenerational recurrence of retained placenta on the maternal and most likely also on the paternal side. The recurrence risk seems strongest in preterm pregnancies. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT A population-based cohort study suggests that there is an intergenerational recurrence of retained placenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Endler
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Cnattingius
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Granfors
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - A-K Wikström
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Misra DP, Slaughter-Acey J, Giurgescu C, Sealy-Jefferson S, Nowak A. Why Do Black Women Experience Higher Rates of Preterm Birth? CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-017-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
9
|
Kroener L, Wang ET, Pisarska MD. Predisposing Factors to Abnormal First Trimester Placentation and the Impact on Fetal Outcomes. Semin Reprod Med 2015; 34:27-35. [PMID: 26696276 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1570029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal placentation during the first trimester sets the stage for the rest of pregnancy and involves a finely orchestrated cellular and molecular interplay of maternal and fetal tissues. The resulting intrauterine environment plays an important role in fetal programming and the future health of the fetus, and is impacted by multiple genetic and epigenetic factors. Abnormalities in placentation and spiral artery invasion can lead to ischemia, placental disease, and adverse obstetrical outcomes including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental abruption. Although first trimester placentation is affected by multiple factors, preconception environmental influences such as mode of conception, including assisted reproductive technologies which result in fertilization in vitro and intrauterine influences due to sex differences, are emerging as potential significant factors impacting first trimester placentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Kroener
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margareta D Pisarska
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Intergenerational Cohort Study of Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth in Twins and Singletons. Twin Res Hum Genet 2015; 18:581-90. [PMID: 26330196 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2015.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To date, several studies have investigated the intergenerational effect of preterm and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births. However, most studies excluded both twin mothers and twin offspring from the analyses. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the intergenerational effect of preterm birth and SGA births among twins and singletons. A prospective population-based register study of mother-firstborn offspring pairs recorded in the Swedish Medical Birth Register was performed. The study included 4,073 twins and 264,794 singletons born from 1973-1983 and their firstborns born from 1986-2009. Preterm birth was defined as birth at <37 weeks of gestation, and SGA as birth weight <2 standard deviations of the Swedish standard. Logistic regressions were performed to estimate the intergenerational effect of each birth characteristic. Adjustments were made for maternal grandmothers' and mothers' socio-demographic factors, in addition to maternal birth characteristics. Among mothers born as singletons, being born preterm was associated with an increased risk of delivering a preterm child (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.39, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.29-1.50), while being born SGA increased the likelihood of having an SGA child (adjusted OR 3.04, 95% CI = 2.80-3.30) as well as a preterm child (adjusted OR 1.30, 95% CI = 1.20-1.40). In twin mothers, the corresponding ORs tended to be lower, and the only statistically significant association was between an SGA mother and an SGA child (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI = 1.40-3.31). A statistically significant interaction between twinning and mother's size for gestational age was identified in a multivariate linear regression analysis, indicating that singleton mothers born SGA were associated with a lower birth weight compared with mothers not born SGA. Preterm birth and SGA appear to be transferred from one generation to the next, although not always reaching statistical significance. These effects seem to be less evident in mothers born as twins compared with those born as singletons.
Collapse
|
11
|
Andraweera PH, Gatford KL, Dekker GA, Leemaqz S, Russell D, Thompson SD, McCowan L, Roberts CT. Insulin family polymorphisms in pregnancies complicated by small for gestational age infants. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:745-52. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
12
|
The intergenerational effects on birth weight and its relations to maternal conditions, São Paulo, Brazil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:615034. [PMID: 25710010 PMCID: PMC4330948 DOI: 10.1155/2015/615034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives. Parents' birth weight acts as a predictor for the descendant birth weight, with the correlation more strongly transmitted through maternal line. The present research aims to study the correlation between the child's low or increased birth weight, the mother's birth weight, and maternal conditions. Methods. 773 mother-infant binomials were identified with information on both the baby's and the mother's birth weight recorded. Group studies were constituted, dividing the sample according to birth weight (<2,500 grams (g) and ≥3,500 grams (g)). The length at birth was also studied in children ≤47.5 cm (lower quartile). Chi2 test or Fisher's exact test, Spearman's Rho, and odds ratio were performed in order to investigate the relation between the children's weight and length at birth and the mothers' and children's variables. Results. The girls were heavier at birth than their mothers, with an average increase at birth weight between the generations of 79 g. The child's birth weight <2,500 g did not show any correlation with maternal birth weight <2,500 g (Fisher 0.264; Spearman's Rho 0.048; OR 2.1 and OR lower 0.7) or with maternal stature below the lower quartile (<157 cm) (Chi2 sig 0.323; with Spearman's Rho 0.036; OR 1.5 and OR lower 0.7). The child's low birth weight (<2,500 g) was lightly correlated with drug use by the mother during pregnancy (Fisher 0.083; Spearman's Rho 0.080; OR 4.9 and OR lower 1.0). The child's birth weight <2,500 g showed increased correlation with gestational age lower than 38 weeks and 3 days (Chi2 sig 0.002; Spearman's Rho 0.113; OR 3.2 and OR lower 1.5). The child's weight at birth ≥3,500 g showed strong correlation with maternal weight at birth ≥3,500 g (Chi2 sig 0; Spearman's Rho +0.142; OR 0.5 and OR upper 0.7). It was also revealed that the higher the maternal prepregnancy BMI, the stronger the correlation with child's birth weight ≥3,500 g ((maternal prepregnancy BMI > 25.0 with Chi2 sig 0.013; Spearman's Rho 0.09; OR 1.54 and OR upper 2.17) and (maternal prepregnancy BMI > 30.0 with Chi2 sig 0 Spearman's Rho 0.137; OR 2.58 and OR upper 4.26)). The child's length at birth in the lower quartile (≤47.5 cm) showed strong correlation with drug use by the mother during pregnancy (Chi2 sig 0.004; Spearman's Rho 0.105; OR 4.3 and OR lower 1.5). Conclusions. The mother's increased weight at birth and the prenatal overweight or obesity were correlated with increased weight and length at birth of the newborn, coupled with the tendency of increasing birth weight between generations of mothers and daughters. Also, descendants with smaller length at birth are the children of women with the lowest statures.
Collapse
|
13
|
Alhusen JL, Bullock L, Sharps P, Schminkey D, Comstock E, Campbell J. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse neonatal outcomes in low-income women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2014; 23:920-6. [PMID: 25290007 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.4862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects an estimated 1.5 million U.S. women annually. IPV impacts maternal and neonatal health with higher rates of depression and low birth weight (LBW). Less studied is experiencing IPV and delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) baby. SGA neonates are at increased risk of developmental and behavioral problems. The negative sequelae persist into adulthood with increased rates of diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. METHODS In a sample of 239 pregnant women experiencing IPV, in urban and rural settings, we examined cross-sectional associations of severity of IPV and neonatal outcomes (i.e., birth weight and gestational age). Severity of IPV was measured by the Conflict Tactics Scale 2 and neonatal outcomes were collected at the time of delivery. RESULTS Outcomes were collected on 194 neonates; 14.9% (n=29) were classified as LBW, 19.1% (n=37) classified as SGA, and 9.8% (n=19) as LBW and SGA. Women reporting higher severity of IPV during pregnancy had a greater likelihood of delivering an SGA neonate (odds ratio [OR] 4.81; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.86-12.47), and LBW neonate (OR 4.20; 95% CI 1.46-12.10). CONCLUSIONS In a sample of pregnant women experiencing perinatal IPV, women experiencing greater severities of IPV were more likely to deliver a neonate with an adverse outcome. Early recognition and intervention of IPV is essential to reduce disparities in birth outcomes and long-term health outcomes for these neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne L Alhusen
- 1 School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shah MK, Gee RE, Theall KP. Partner support and impact on birth outcomes among teen pregnancies in the United States. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2014; 27:14-9. [PMID: 24316120 PMCID: PMC3947023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite hypothesized relationships between lack of partner support during a woman's pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, few studies have examined partner support among teens. We examined a potential proxy measure of partner support and its impact on adverse birth outcomes (low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and pregnancy loss) among women who have had a teenage pregnancy in the United States. METHODS In a secondary data analysis utilizing cross-sectional data from 5609 women who experienced a teen pregnancy from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), we examined an alternative measure of partner support and its impact on adverse birth outcomes. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess differences in women who were teens at time of conception who had partner support during their pregnancy and those who did not, and their birth outcomes. RESULTS Even after controlling for potential confounding factors, women with a supportive partner were 63% less likely to experience LBW [aOR: 0.37, 95% CI: (0.26-0.54)] and nearly 2 times less likely to have pregnancy loss [aOR: 0.48, 95% CI: (0.32-0.72)] compared to those with no partner support. CONCLUSIONS Having partner support or involvement during a teenager's pregnancy may reduce the likelihood of having a poor birth outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monisha K Shah
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Rebekah E Gee
- Louisiana State University School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA; Louisiana State University School Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Orleans, LA
| | - Katherine P Theall
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang D, Li TY, Chow JC, Kulkarni SU, Watson JG, Ho SSH, Quan ZY, Qu LR, Perera F. Air pollution effects on fetal and child development: a cohort comparison in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 185:90-96. [PMID: 24239591 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In Tongliang, China, a coal-fired power plant was the major pollution source until its shutdown in 2004. We enrolled two cohorts of nonsmoking women and their newborns before and after the shutdown to examine the relationship between prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fetal and child growth and development. PAHs were used to measure exposure to air pollution generated by the power plant. Using PAH-DNA adduct levels as biomarkers for the biologically effective dose of PAH exposure, we examined whether PAH-DNA adduct levels were associated with birth outcome, growth rate, and neurodevelopment. Head circumference was greater in children of the second cohort, compared with the first (p = 0.001), consistent with significantly reduced levels of cord blood PAH-DNA adducts in cohort II (p < 0.001) and reduced levels of ambient PAHs (p = 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 701 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health.
| | - Ting Yu Li
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Judith C Chow
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Sanasi U Kulkarni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 701 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health
| | - John G Watson
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Chai Wan, China
| | | | - L R Qu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 701 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health
| | - Frederica Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 701 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou A, Dekker GA, Lumbers ER, Leemaqz SY, Thompson SD, Heinemann G, McCowan LME, Roberts CT. The association of maternal ACE A11860G with small for gestational age babies is modulated by the environment and by fetal sex: a multicentre prospective case-control study. Mol Hum Reprod 2013; 19:618-27. [PMID: 23615722 PMCID: PMC3749805 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gat029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine whether the ACE A11860G genotype is associated with small for gestational age babies (SGA) and to determine whether the association is affected by environmental factors and fetal sex. Overall, 3234 healthy nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies, their partners and babies were prospectively recruited in Adelaide, Australia and Auckland, New Zealand. Data analyses were confined to 2121 Caucasian parent–infant trios, among which 216 were pregnancies with SGA infants and 1185 were uncomplicated pregnancies. Women with the ACE A11860G GG genotype in the combined and Adelaide cohorts had increased risk for SGA [odds ratios (OR) 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.1 and OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.3, respectively) and delivered lighter babies (P = 0.02; P = 0.007, respectively) compared with those with AA/AG genotypes. The maternal ACE A11860G GG genotype was associated with higher maternal plasma ACE concentration at 15 weeks' gestation than AA/AG genotypes (P < 0.001). When the Adelaide cohort was stratified by maternal socio-economic index (SEI) and pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake, the ACE A11860G GG genotype was only associated with an increased risk for SGA (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.8–13.4 and OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6–7.0, respectively) and a reduction in customized birthweight centile (P = 0.006 and P = 0.03) if superimposed on maternal SEI <34 or pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake <1 serve/day. Furthermore, the associations of maternal ACE A11860G with customized birthweight centile observed among Adelaide women with SEI <34 or pre-pregnancy green leafy vegetable intake <1 serve/day were female specific. The current study identified a novel association of maternal ACE A11860G with SGA. More interestingly, this association was modified by environmental factors and fetal sex, suggesting ACE A11860G–environment–fetal sex interactions. Trial Registry Name: Screening nulliparous women to identify the combinations of clinical risk factors and/or biomarkers required to predict pre-eclampsia, SGA babies and spontaneous preterm birth. URL: http://www.anzctr.org.au. Registration number: ACTRN12607000551493.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ang Zhou
- Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hofman PL, Regan F, Jefferies CA, Cutfield WS. Prematurity and programming: are there later metabolic sequelae? Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2012; 4:101-12. [PMID: 18370756 DOI: 10.1089/met.2006.4.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Low birth weight has a well-established association with early-onset insulin resistance and a later risk of adult diseases, including all aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Although most studies to date have focused on term low-birth-weight subjects, other low-birth-weight groups (such as prematurely born children) need evaluating. In this review, we demonstrate that prematurely born children have a metabolic profile very similar to term small-forgestational- age (SGA) children and may have a similar increased risk of the metabolic syndrome later in life. We propose mechanisms (in particular, epigenetic alterations and the higher risk of hypomethylation in prematurely born children) by which this could occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Hofman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kuzawa CW, Eisenberg DTA. Intergenerational predictors of birth weight in the Philippines: correlations with mother's and father's birth weight and test of maternal constraint. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40905. [PMID: 22848409 PMCID: PMC3407139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth weight (BW) predicts many health outcomes, but the relative contributions of genes and environmental factors to BW remain uncertain. Some studies report stronger mother-offspring than father-offspring BW correlations, with attenuated father-offspring BW correlations when the mother is stunted. These findings have been interpreted as evidence that maternal genetic or environmental factors play an important role in determining birth size, with small maternal size constraining paternal genetic contributions to offspring BW. Here we evaluate mother-offspring and father-offspring birth weight (BW) associations and evaluate whether maternal stunting constrains genetic contributions to offspring birth size. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Data include BW of offspring (n = 1,101) born to female members (n = 382) and spouses of male members (n = 275) of a birth cohort (born 1983-84) in Metropolitan Cebu, Philippines. Regression was used to relate parental and offspring BW adjusting for confounders. Resampling testing was used to evaluate whether false paternity could explain any evidence for excess matrilineal inheritance. In a pooled model adjusting for maternal height and confounders, parental BW was a borderline-significantly stronger predictor of offspring BW in mothers compared to fathers (sex of parent interaction p = 0.068). In separate multivariate models, each kg in mother's and father's BW predicted a 271±53 g (p<0.00001) and 132±55 g (p = 0.017) increase in offspring BW, respectively. Resampling statistics suggested that false paternity rates of >25% and likely 50% would be needed to explain these differences. There was no interaction between maternal stature and maternal BW (interaction p = 0.520) or paternal BW (p = 0.545). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Each kg change in mother's BW predicted twice the change in offspring BW as predicted by a change in father's BW, consistent with an intergenerational maternal effect on offspring BW. Evidence for excess matrilineal BW heritability at all levels of maternal stature points to indirect genetic, mitochondrial, or epigenetic maternal contributions to offspring fetal growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Kuzawa
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen X, Zhang ZX, George LK, Wang ZS, Fan ZJ, Xu T, Zhou XL, Han SM, Wen HB, Zeng Y. Birth measurements, family history, and environmental factors associated with later-life hypertensive status. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:464-71. [PMID: 22297260 PMCID: PMC3309157 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2011.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This birth cohort study was conducted to investigate the contribution of prenatal and antenatal environmental exposures to later-life hypertensive status. METHODS Two thousand five hundred and three individuals born in 1921-1954 at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) were targeted; 2,081 (83.1%) participated. Clinical examinations included an interview, blood pressure (BP) measurements, and laboratory assays. Statistical analyses were performed using ordinal regression models with later-life hypertensive status as the dependent variable. Similar analyses were for subpopulations divided by family history of hypertension. RESULTS In the 2,081 subjects, 449 were normotensive, 531 were prehypertensive, and 1,101 had hypertension. Three hundred and forty two hypertensive patients were classified as high-risk (BP ≥180/110 mm Hg, or accompanied with diabetes or three well-established cardiovascular risk factors); the other 759 patients were at mid-to-low risks. Lower birth weight (<2,500 g: odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, P = 0.02; 2,500- <3,000 g: OR = 1.64, P < 0.01; 3,000- <3,500 g, OR = 1.40, P = 0.01), family history of hypertension (OR = 1.73, P < 0.01), poor education (OR = 1.76, P < 0.01), and alcoholism (OR = 3.05, P < 0.01) significantly predicted later-life high-risk hypertension. For participants with hypertensive family history (57.7%), the association with birth weight became nonsignificant, but poor education (OR = 2.33, P < 0.01) and alcoholism (OR = 3.10, P = 0.01) remained important. For participants without hypertensive family history (42.3%), the effects of lower birth weight (<2,500 g: OR = 2.26, P = 0.02; 2,500- <3,000 g: OR = 1.91, P = 0.01; 3,000- <3,500 g, OR = 1.78, P = 0.01) and alcoholism (OR = 3.23, P < 0.01) remained significant. CONCLUSION Low birth weight, low education, alcoholism, and hypertensive family history are linked to later-life hypertensive status. Low birth weight is also partly associated with one's genetic background; whereas the association with education and alcoholism are independent from hypertensive family history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Clinical Pharmacological Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linda K. George
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zi-Shi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Statistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhou
- Case Registry Office, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Mei Han
- Department of Statistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wen
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Demographic Studies, China Center for Economic Research of Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Andraweera PH, Dekker GA, Thompson SD, Roberts CT. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the KDR gene in pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertensive disorders and small-for-gestational-age infants. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:547-54. [PMID: 22344734 DOI: 10.1177/1933719111428520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants share placental vascular abnormalities and both disorders confer increased risk of later life coronary artery disease. Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) is the main receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor A, a potent angiogenic factor which regulates the development of the placental vasculature. Two polymorphisms in KDR (-604T/C and Val297Ile) are known to be associated with coronary artery disease. We investigated the association of these polymorphisms with preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and SGA infants. METHOD Nulliparous pregnant women, their partners, and infants were recruited to a prospective cohort study (n = 1169). Doppler ultrasound of the uterine and umbilical arteries was performed at 20 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and SGA were defined according to international guidelines. DNA extracted from peripheral venous or cord blood was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare the odds for the pregnancy complications between the genotype groups adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Among 937 Caucasian pregnancies, 427 (45.6%) were uncomplicated, 75 (8.0%) developed preeclampsia, 102 (10.9%) developed gestational hypertension, and 72 (7.7%) had SGA infants in the absence of maternal hypertensive disease. Paternal and neonatal KDR-604T/C was associated with preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-3.0 and aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0-4.4), SGA (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3 and aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-3.9), and SGA with abnormal Doppler (aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.9 and aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.2-5.9). CONCLUSION Paternal and neonatal carriage of the KDR-604T/C polymorphism is associated with the risk of preeclampsia and SGA infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabha H Andraweera
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Recurrence of placental dysfunction disorders across generations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 205:454.e1-8. [PMID: 21722870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knowledge about the causes of placental dysfunction disorders is limited. We performed an intergenerational study, focusing on the risks of placental dysfunction disorders in mothers and fathers who had been born small for gestational age (SGA). STUDY DESIGN Using linked generational data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1973-2006, we identified 321,383 mother-offspring units and 135,637 mother-father-offspring units. RESULTS Compared with mothers who had not been born SGA, mothers who had been born SGA had the following adjusted odds ratios: late preeclampsia, 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.57); early preeclampsia, 1.87 (95% CI, 1.38-2.35); placental abruption, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.23-2.09); spontaneous preterm birth, 1.11 (95% CI, 1.00-1.23); and stillbirth, 1.24 (95% CI, 0.84-1.82). Compared with parents who had not been born SGA, the risk of preeclampsia was more than 3-fold increased if both parents had been born SGA, whereas if only the mother had been born SGA, the corresponding risk was increased by only 50%. CONCLUSION There is an intergenerational recurrence of placental dysfunction disorders on the maternal side and most likely also on the paternal side.
Collapse
|
22
|
Andraweera PH, Dekker GA, Thompson SD, North RA, McCowan LME, Roberts CT. A functional variant in the thrombospondin-1 gene and the risk of small for gestational age infants. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:2221-8. [PMID: 21883885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a prothrombotic and anti-angiogenic glycoprotein expressed in the placenta. A functional single nucleotide polymorphism in the TSP-1 gene (TSP-1 A2210G) is a risk factor for familial premature myocardial infarction. Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are at increased risk of coronary artery disease in adult life and common genetic factors may underlie both conditions. We investigated the association of TSP-1 A2210G in SGA infants and their parents. METHOD The 3234 nulliparous pregnant women, their partners and babies were recruited in Adelaide and Auckland to a prospective multicenter cohort study. Amongst 2123 Caucasian women, 216 (10.2%) delivered an SGA infant, defined as birth weight < 10th customized centile adjusted for maternal height, weight, parity and ethnicity, as well as gestational age at delivery and infant sex. Uncomplicated pregnancies served as controls (n = 1185). DNA extracted from peripheral/cord blood or buccal swabs was genotyped using Sequenom MassARRAY. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare the odds of SGA between the genotype groups adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Paternal (adjOR, 1.4; 95% CI 1.0-2.0) and neonatal (adjOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7) TSP-1 A2210G associates with SGA. The maternal polymorphism approaches significance for an association with SGA (adjOR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.9). Maternal TSP-1 A2210G associates with a reduced maternal birth weight adjusted for gestational age at delivery (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION The TSP-1 A2210G polymorphism, which is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, is associated with SGA pregnancies, suggesting that this polymorphism may associate with the risk of vascular disorders across the life course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P H Andraweera
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
This study aimed to compare perinatal outcomes in native Chinese, foreign-born and US-born Chinese-American women by analysing a cohort of 950,624 singleton pregnancies in south-east China and 293,849 singleton births from the US live and stillbirth certificates from 1995 to 2004. Only births at 28 weeks or later were included. Compared with US-born Chinese-American women, native Chinese and foreign-born Chinese-American women had substantially lower risks of having a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant (adjusted relative risk [aRR] ranging from 0.46 to 0.66) or preterm birth (aRR ranging from 0.53 to 0.82). While having a White or Black father had a reduced risk of SGA (aRR=0.45 and 0.62, respectively), it has an increased risk for preterm birth (aRR=1.13 and 1.57, respectively). Infants with Chinese father and foreign-born mother were heavier than those with Chinese father and US-born mothers. All findings were statistically significant. Our findings demonstrated the protective role of foreign-born status on low birthweight and preterm delivery. The paternal contribution to fetal size is substantial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Liu
- Women's and Children's Health Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
McCowan LME, North RA, Kho EM, Black MA, Chan EHY, Dekker GA, Poston L, Taylor RS, Roberts CT. Paternal contribution to small for gestational age babies: a multicenter prospective study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:1035-9. [PMID: 21127471 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Our aims were to investigate whether men who fathered small for gestational age (SGA) infants themselves had lower birthweight, were more likely to be obese, have central adiposity and elevated blood pressure in adult life compared with men who fathered non-SGA infants. A total of 2,002 couples participating in the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study were enrolled in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome data collected prospectively. SGA was defined as birthweight <10th customized centile, obesity as BMI ≥30 kg/m(2), central adiposity as waist circumference >102 cm. Logistic regression was used to compare rates of obesity, and central adiposity between men who fathered SGA infants compared with those with non-SGA infants and the final model was adjusted for maternal and paternal confounders. The men who fathered an SGA infant (209 (10.4%)) themselves had lower mean birthweight (3,291 (530) g vs. 3,472 (584) g, P < 0.0001), were more likely to be obese (50 (24.8%) vs. 321 (18.3%), adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.05-2.16, adjusted for maternal and paternal factors) and to have central adiposity (52 (25.1%) vs. 341 (19.2%), adjusted OR 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.06-2.20) compared with men who fathered a non-SGA infant. Elevated paternal blood pressure was not associated with SGA. In conclusion, we report a novel relationship between paternal obesity/central adiposity and birth of an SGA infant, which appears to be independent of maternal factors associated with fetal growth restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lesley M E McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Edwards DRV, Romero R, Kusanovic JP, Hassan SS, Mazaki-Tovi S, Vaisbuch E, Kim CJ, Erez O, Chaiworapongsa T, Pearce BD, Bartlett J, Friel LA, Salisbury BA, Anant MK, Vovis GF, Lee MS, Gomez R, Behnke E, Oyarzun E, Tromp G, Menon R, Williams SM. Polymorphisms in maternal and fetal genes encoding for proteins involved in extracellular matrix metabolism alter the risk for small-for-gestational-age. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011; 24:362-80. [PMID: 20617897 PMCID: PMC3104673 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2010.497572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between maternal and fetal genetic variants and small-for-gestational-age (SGA). METHODS A case-control study was conducted in patients with SGA neonates (530 maternal and 436 fetal) and controls (599 maternal and 628 fetal); 190 candidate genes and 775 SNPs were studied. Single-locus, multi-locus and haplotype association analyses were performed on maternal and fetal data with logistic regression, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis, and haplotype-based association with 2 and 3 marker sliding windows, respectively. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software was used to assess pathways that associate with SGA. RESULTS The most significant single-locus association in maternal data was with a SNP in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) (rs2277698 OR = 1.71, 95% CI [1.26-2.32], p = 0.0006) while in the fetus it was with a SNP in fibronectin 1 isoform 3 preproprotein (FN1) (rs3796123, OR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.20-1.78], p = 0.0001). Both SNPs were adjusted for potential confounders (maternal body mass index and fetal sex). Haplotype analyses resulted in associations in α 1 type I collagen preproprotein (COL1A1, rs1007086-rs2141279-rs17639446, global p = 0.006) in mothers and FN1 (rs2304573-rs1250204-rs1250215, global p = 0.045) in fetuses. Multi-locus analyses with MDR identified a two SNP model with maternal variants collagen type V α 2 (COL5A2) and plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) predicting SGA outcome correctly 59% of the time (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants in extracellular matrix-related genes showed significant single-locus association with SGA. These data are consistent with other studies that have observed elevated circulating fibronectin concentrations in association with increased risk of SGA. The present study supports the hypothesis that DNA variants can partially explain the risk of SGA in a cohort of Hispanic women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Digna R. Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Offer Erez
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Brad D. Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacquelaine Bartlett
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lara A. Friel
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Gomez
- CEDIP (Center for Perinatal Diagnosis and Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sotero del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ernesto Behnke
- CEDIP (Center for Perinatal Diagnosis and Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sotero del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Oyarzun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerard Tromp
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Scott M. Williams
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Drews-Botsch C, Schieve LA, Kable J, Coles C. Socioeconomic differences and the impact of being small for gestational age on neurodevelopment among preschool-aged children. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2011; 26:221-229. [PMID: 22206199 DOI: 10.1515/reveh.2011.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of small for gestational age (SGA) birth and subsequent childhood cognitive outcomes are inconsistent. Few studies have assessed whether effects varied by socioeconomic status (SES). OBJECTIVE To assess child cognitive and behavioral outcomes according to SGA and severe SGA (<10th and <5th percentiles) and SES. METHODS We followed 474 infants initially selected for a case-control study assessing SGA vs. appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA). The infants were born at two hospitals: a public hospital serving a low-income, African-American population and a private hospital serving a predominantly white, middle-class population. At age 54 months, a psychologist administered the Differential Abilities Scales (DAS), and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS). The mother completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Associations were analyzed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Among AGA children, the mean DAS score was >1 standard deviation lower for children born at the public vs. the private hospital (75.2 vs. 95.7 among boys; 76.3 vs. 101.8 among girls). Being SGA had a weaker effect on DAS scores, overall. Severe SGA had a significant effect on DAS scores of children born at the private hospital (average reduction 8.0 +/- 2.5 points), but not on children born at the public hospital (average reduction 1.1 +/- 2.2 points). In the latter group, severe SGA was associated with a lower VABS score (average reduction 9.2 +/- 2.5 points). CONCLUSIONS Poor fetal growth influences neurodevelopment, but this influence is modified by postnatal environment. Adverse effects associated with low SES might mask or attenuate associations between prenatal exposures and developmental outcomes in some populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Drews-Botsch
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Adkins RM, Somes G, Morrison JC, Hill JB, Watson EM, Magann EF, Krushkal J. Association of birth weight with polymorphisms in the IGF2, H19, and IGF2R genes. Pediatr Res 2010; 68:429-34. [PMID: 20639793 PMCID: PMC3063315 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181f1ca99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There is a substantial genetic component for birth weight variation. We tested 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF2, H19, and IGF2R genes for associations with birth weight variation in 342 mother-newborn pairs (birth weight 2.1-4.7 kg at term) and 527 parent-newborn trios (birth weight 2.1-5.1 kg) across three localities. SNPs in the IGF2R (rs8191754; maternal genotype), IGF2 (rs3741205; newborn genotype), and 5' region of the H19 (rs2067051, rs2251375, and rs4929984) genes were associated with birth weight. Detailed analyses to distinguish direct maternal, direct newborn, and parent of origin effects for the most strongly associated H19 SNP (rs4929984) determined that the association of maternal genotype with newborn birth weight was due to parent of origin effects not direct maternal effects. That SNP is located near the CTCF binding sites that influence expression of the maternally imprinted IGF2 and paternally imprinted H19 locus, and there are statistically significant and independent opposite effects of the same rs4929984 allele, depending on the parent from which it was inherited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Adkins
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38103, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Adkins RM, Krushkal J, Magann EF, Klauser CK, Morrison JC, Ramsey R, Somes G. Association of maternally inherited GNAS alleles with African-American male birth weight. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 5:177-84. [PMID: 19593725 DOI: 10.3109/17477160903111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human birth weight variation has a significant genetic component and important clinical consequences. We performed a survey of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 14 candidate genes to identify associations with birth weight variation. METHODS SNP variation was surveyed in 221 healthy African-American mother-newborn pairs. Genes were selected based on previous association with obesity-related traits, significant differences in circulating protein levels in low birth weight pregnancies or association with newborn size in model organisms or growth disorders in humans. Association was tested via multiple linear regression with adjustment for significant covariables. RESULTS Under a dominant model SNP rs7754561 of ENPPI was significantly associated with birth weight. Among imprinted loci, maternal genotypes for SNP rs6026576 of GNAS were significantly associated with birth weight (additive and dominant models). This association was restricted to male offspring. Analyses that distinguished between alleles of paternal and maternal origin demonstrated that only maternally-transmitted alleles were associated with birth weight and that this association was restricted to male newborns. CONCLUSION The effect of only maternally-transmitted alleles of GNAS may be a consequence of the complex splicing and imprinting pattern of the GNAS gene, although the reason this effect is observed only among male newborns is unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Adkins
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nordtveit TI, Melve KK, Skjaerven R. Mothers' and fathers' birth characteristics and perinatal mortality in their offspring: a population-based cohort study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2010; 24:282-92. [PMID: 20415758 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2010.01106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the associations between parental birthweight and gestational age with their perinatal outcomes. We investigated perinatal mortality risk in offspring in relation to maternal and paternal gestational age and birthweight. We used population-based generational data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 1967-2006. Singletons in both generations were included, forming 520,794 mother-offspring and 376,924 father-offspring units. Perinatal mortality in offspring was not significantly associated with paternal gestational age or birthweight, whereas it was inversely associated with maternal gestational age. A threefold increased risk in perinatal mortality was found among offspring of mothers born at 28-30 weeks of gestation relative to offspring of mothers born at term (37-43 weeks) (relative risk: 2.9, 95% CI 1.9, 4.6). There was also an overall association between maternal birthweight and offspring perinatal mortality. Relative risk for mothers whose birthweight was <2000 g was 1.5 (95% CI 1.1, 1.9), relative to mothers whose birthweight was 3500-3999 g. However, confined to mothers born at >or=34 weeks of gestation, the birthweight association was not significant. Weight-specific perinatal mortality in offspring was dependent on the birthweight of the mother and the father, that is, offspring who were small relative to their mother's or father's birthweight had increased perinatal mortality. In conclusion, a mother's gestational age, and not her birthweight, was significantly associated with perinatal mortality in the offspring, while there was no such association for the father.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tone I Nordtveit
- Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shah PS. Paternal factors and low birthweight, preterm, and small for gestational age births: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202:103-23. [PMID: 20113689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review of the risks of a low birthweight (LBW), preterm, and small-for-gestational-age births in relation to paternal factors was performed. Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and bibliographies of identified articles were searched for English-language studies. Study qualities were assessed according to a predefined checklist. Thirty-six studies of low-to-moderate risk of bias were reviewed for various paternal factors: age, height, weight, birthweight, occupation, education, and alcohol use. Extreme paternal age was associated with higher risk for LBW. Among infants who were born to tall fathers, birthweight was approximately 125-150 g higher compared with infants who were born to short fathers. Paternal LBW was associated with lower birthweight of the offspring. In conclusion, paternal characteristics including age, height, and birthweight are associated with LBW. Paternal occupational exposure and low levels of education may be associated with LBW; however, further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakesh S Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics and of Health Policy, Management and Evaluations, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Risk factors for small for gestational age infants. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2009; 23:779-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
32
|
Chow EJ, Kamineni A, Daling JR, Fraser A, Wiggins CL, Mineau GP, Hamre MR, Severson RK, Drews-Botsch C, Mueller BA. Reproductive outcomes in male childhood cancer survivors: a linked cancer-birth registry analysis. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE 2009; 163:887-94. [PMID: 19805706 PMCID: PMC2758644 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the risk of reproductive and infant outcomes between male childhood cancer survivors and a population-based comparison group. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Four US regions. PARTICIPANTS Cancer registries identified males younger than 20 years diagnosed with cancer from 1973 to 2000. Linked birth certificates identified first subsequent live offspring (N = 470). Comparison subjects were identified from remaining birth certificates, frequency-matched on year and age at fatherhood, and race/ethnicity (N = 4150). MAIN EXPOSURE Cancer diagnosis before age 20 years. OUTCOME MEASURES Pregnancy and infant outcomes identified from birth certificates. RESULTS Compared with infants born to unaffected males, offspring of cancer survivors had a borderline risk of having a birth weight less than 2500 g (relative risk, 1.43 [95% confidence interval, 0.99-2.05]) that was associated most strongly with younger age at cancer diagnosis and exposure to any chemotherapy (1.96 [1.22-3.17]) or radiotherapy (1.95 [1.14-3.35]). However, they were not at risk of being born prematurely, being small for gestational age, having malformations, or having an altered male to female ratio. Overall, female partners of male survivors were not more likely to have maternal complications recorded on birth records vs the comparison group. However, preeclampsia was associated with some cancers, especially central nervous system tumors (relative risk, 3.36 [95% confidence interval, 1.63-6.90]). CONCLUSIONS Most pregnancies resulting in live births among partners of male childhood cancer survivors were not at significantly greater risk of complications vs comparison subjects. However, there remains the possibility that prior cancer therapy may affect male germ cells with some effects on progeny and on female partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Chow
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
This brief review focuses on the genetic contribution to childhood obesity. Evidence for a genetic component to excess body weight during growth is presented from the perspective of genetic epidemiology studies. Parental obesity is a predictor of childhood excess weight. The familial risk ratio for childhood obesity when a parent is obese reaches >2.5. Birth weight is characterized by a genetic heritability component on the order of 30%, with significant maternal and paternal effects in addition to the newborn genes. About 5% of childhood obesity cases are caused by a defect that impairs function in a gene, and >/=5 of these genes have been uncovered. However, the common forms of childhood obesity seem to result from a predisposition that primarily favors obesogenic behaviors in an obesogenic environment. Candidate gene and genomewide association studies reveal that these obesogenic genes have small effect sizes but that the risk alleles for obesity are quite common in populations. The latter may translate into a highly significant population-attributable risk of obesity. Gene-environment interaction studies suggest that the effects of predisposing genes can be enhanced or diminished by exposure to relevant behaviors. It is possible that the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing across generations as a result of positive assortative mating with obese husbands and wives contributing more obese offspring than normal-weight parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jimenez-Chillaron JC, Isganaitis E, Charalambous M, Gesta S, Pentinat-Pelegrin T, Faucette RR, Otis JP, Chow A, Diaz R, Ferguson-Smith A, Patti ME. Intergenerational transmission of glucose intolerance and obesity by in utero undernutrition in mice. Diabetes 2009; 58:460-8. [PMID: 19017762 PMCID: PMC2628621 DOI: 10.2337/db08-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease during adult life. Moreover, this programmed disease risk can progress to subsequent generations. We previously described a mouse model of LBW, produced by maternal caloric undernutrition (UN) during late gestation. LBW offspring (F(1)-UN generation) develop progressive obesity and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) with aging. We aimed to determine whether such metabolic phenotypes can be transmitted to subsequent generations in an experimental model, even in the absence of altered nutrition during the second pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We intercrossed female and male F(1) adult control (C) and UN mice and characterized metabolic phenotypes in F(2) offspring. RESULTS We demonstrate that 1) reduced birth weight progresses to F(2) offspring through the paternal line (Cfemale -Cmale = 1.64 g; Cfemale -UNmale = 1.57 g, P < 0.05; UNfemale -Cmale = 1.64 g; UNfemale -UNmale = 1.60 g, P < 0.05), 2) obesity progresses through the maternal line (percent body fat: Cfemale -Cmale = 22.4%; Cfemale -UNmale = 22.9%; UNfemale -Cmale = 25.9%, P < 0.05; UNfemale -UNmale = 27.5%, P < 0.05), and 3) IGT progresses through both parental lineages (glucose tolerance test area under curve Cfemale -Cmale = 100; Cfemale -UNmale = 122, P < 0.05; UNfemale -Cmale = 131, P < 0.05; UNfemale -UNmale = 151, P < 0.05). Mechanistically, IGT in both F(1) and F(2) generations is linked to impaired beta-cell function, explained, in part, by dysregulation of Sur1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy (F(0)) programs reduced birth weight, IGT, and obesity in both first- and second-generation offspring. Sex-specific transmission of phenotypes implicates complex mechanisms including alterations in the maternal metabolic environment (transmaternal inheritance of obesity), gene expression mediated by developmental and epigenetic pathways (transpaternal inheritance of LBW), or both (IGT).
Collapse
|
35
|
Tollanes MC, Rasmussen S, Irgens LM. Caesarean section among relatives. Int J Epidemiol 2008; 37:1341-8. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyn100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
36
|
Nordtveit TI, Melve KK, Albrechtsen S, Skjaerven R. Maternal and paternal contribution to intergenerational recurrence of breech delivery: population based cohort study. BMJ 2008; 336:872-6. [PMID: 18369204 PMCID: PMC2323052 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.39505.436539.be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate intergenerational recurrence of breech delivery, with a hypothesis that both women and men delivered in breech presentation contribute to increased risk of breech delivery in their offspring. DESIGN Population based cohort study for two generations. SETTING Data from the medical birth registry of Norway, based on all births in Norway 1967-2004 (2.2 million births). PARTICIPANTS Generational data were provided through linkage by national identification numbers, forming 451,393 mother-offspring units and 295,253 father-offspring units. We included units where both parents and offspring were singletons and offspring were first born, forming 232,704 mother-offspring units and 154,851 father-offspring units for our analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Breech delivery in the second generation. RESULTS Men and women who themselves were delivered in breech presentation had more than twice the risk of breech delivery in their own first pregnancies compared with men and women who had been cephalic presentations (odds ratios 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 2.7, and 2.2, 1.9 to 2.5, for men and women, respectively). The strongest risks of recurrence were found for vaginally delivered offspring and were equally strong for men and women. Increased risk of recurrence of breech delivery in offspring was present only for parents delivered at term. CONCLUSION Intergenerational recurrence risk of breech delivery in offspring was equally high when transmitted through fathers and mothers. It seems reasonable to attribute the observed pattern of familial predisposition to term breech delivery to genetic inheritance, predominantly through the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tone Irene Nordtveit
- Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kari Klungsoyr Melve
- Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Medical Birth Registry, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Susanne Albrechtsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolv Skjaerven
- Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Medical Birth Registry, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
AGA-Primed Uteri Compared With SGA-Primed Uteri and the Success of Subsequent In Utero Fetal Programming. Obstet Gynecol 2008; 111:935-43. [DOI: 10.1097/aog.0b013e31816a4f09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
38
|
Adkins RM, Krushkal J, Klauser CK, Magann EF, Morrison JC, Somes G. Association between small for gestational age and paternally inherited 5' insulin haplotypes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2007; 32:372-80. [PMID: 17700581 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the association between small for gestational age and polymorphisms in the insulin gene in newborns and their mothers, as well as the effect of the parental transmission of haplotypes. SUBJECTS Pairs of healthy African-American full-term newborns (N=207) and mothers were recruited from Memphis TN and Jackson MS with birth weights ranging from 2210 to 4735 g. METHODS Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes were genotyped in mothers and newborns. Haplotypes composed of three SNPs in the 5' region of the INS-IGF2 locus were computationally inferred. Odds ratios for risk of small for gestational age (SGA) birth were calculated for individual SNPs and inferred haplotypes in the newborns and in the mothers using logistic regression. For 162 mother--newborn pairs the parental transmission of the haplotypes could be inferred, and the risks for SGA birth were calculated for the three common haplotypes in this sample. RESULTS Three INS SNPs exhibited significant association with risk for SGA birth. The SNP alleles associated with increased risk for SGA were opposite in the maternal and newborn genomes, implying opposing influences on the rate of fetal growth. Consistent with these results, haplotypes composed of complementary nucleotide sequences (CAC at rs3842738, rs689 and rs3842748, respectively, in the newborn versus GTG in the mother) were significantly associated with risk for SGA birth. In analyses of haplotypes according to parental transmission, the same trend in risk for SGA was observed for both maternally and paternally transmitted haplotypes, although a significant difference in risk was observed only for paternally transmitted haplotypes. CONCLUSION Polymorphisms near the 5' end of the INS-IGF2 locus are significantly associated with risk for SGA birth with a major effect due to the paternally transmitted haplotype, which is preferentially expressed due to imprinting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Adkins
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cauchi S, Meyre D, Choquet H, Deghmoun S, Durand E, Gaget S, Lecoeur C, Froguel P, Levy-Marchal C. TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant does not associate with smallness for gestational age in the French population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2007; 8:37. [PMID: 17593304 PMCID: PMC1920504 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-8-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background In adults, the TCF7L2 rs7903146 T allele, commonly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), has been also associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) in T2D individuals and with a smaller waist circumference in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Methods The present association study aimed at analyzing the contribution of the rs7903146 SNP to smallness for gestational age (SGA) and metabolic profiles in subjects with SGA or appropriate for gestational age birth weight (AGA). Two groups of French Caucasian subjects were selected on birth data: SGA (birth weight < 10th percentile; n = 764), and AGA (25th < birth weight < 75th percentile; n = 627). Family-based association tests were also performed in 3,012 subjects from 628 SGA and AGA pedigrees. Results The rs7903146 genotypic distributions between AGA (30.7%) and SGA (29.0%) were not statistically different (allelic OR = 0.92 [0.78–1.09], p = 0.34). Family association-based studies did not show a distortion of T allele transmission in SGA subjects (p = 0.52). No significant effect of the T allele was detected on any of the metabolic parameters in the SGA group. However, in the AGA group, trends towards a lower insulin secretion (p = 0.03) and a higher fasting glycaemia (p = 0.002) were detected in carriers of the T allele. Conclusion The TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant neither increases the risk for SGA nor modulates birth weight and young adulthood glucose homeostasis in French Caucasian subjects born with SGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Cauchi
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - David Meyre
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Hélène Choquet
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Samia Deghmoun
- INSERM, U690, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, 75019 France
| | - Emmanuelle Durand
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Stefan Gaget
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Cécile Lecoeur
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS, 8090-Institute of biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, 59000 France
- Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Selling KE, Carstensen J, Finnström O, Sydsjö G. Intergenerational effects of preterm birth and reduced intrauterine growth: a population-based study of Swedish mother-offspring pairs. BJOG 2006; 113:430-40. [PMID: 16553655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the intergenerational effects of preterm birth and reduced intrauterine growth. DESIGN Population-based cohort study. SETTINGS Mother-first-born offspring pairs recorded in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. POPULATION Children born before 2001 to 38 720 women born in 1973-75. METHODS The relationships between the mother's and the child's birth characteristics were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Adjustments were made for smoking habits, body mass index (BMI), and current and childhood socio-economic conditions. Analyses were performed on all mother-offspring pairs and on the pairs for which information on neither of the included background variables was missing (n= 24 520). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) and small for gestational age (SGA) (<-2 SD of the Swedish standard). RESULTS Mothers who themselves had been born preterm were not significantly more likely to deliver their own children preterm, compared with those who had been born at term (adjusted OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.95-1.62). Also, preterm birth in the mothers did not influence the occurrence of SGA in the children. However, the odds ratio for giving birth to SGA and preterm children, respectively, was higher among SGA mothers (OR 2.68, 95% CI 2.11-3.41 and OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05-1.61). Mothers whose intrauterine growth was moderately reduced but who did not meet the criterion of being born SGA were also at higher risk of giving birth to both preterm and SGA children, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed evidence of intergenerational effects of reduced intrauterine growth even when socio-economic factors as well as BMI and smoking were adjusted for. There was, however, no consistent intergenerational effect of preterm birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K E Selling
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis. Prenat Diagn 2005; 25:628-33. [PMID: 16315344 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
42
|
Steegers EAP. Begin at the beginning: some reflections on future periconceptional and obstetric care and research in the Netherlands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11296-005-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
43
|
Begin at the beginning: some reflections on future periconceptional and obstetric care and research in the Netherlands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00022206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|