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Qi A, Wang K, Li Y, Hu R, Hu G, Li Y, Shi G, Huang M. The degradation of α--synuclein is limited by dynein to drive the AALP pathway through HDAC6 upon paraquat exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116841. [PMID: 39128448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Lewy body disease (LBD), one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), is characterized by excessive accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in neurons. In recent years, environmental factors such as exposure to herbicides and pesticides have been attributed to the development of this condition. While majority of the studies on neurotoxic effects of paraquat (PQ) have focused on α-syn-mediated neuronal damage in the early stages of α-syn accumulation in neurons, efforts to explore the key target for α-syn degradation are limited. Recent research has suggested that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) might possibly regulate amyloid clearance, and that the metabolism of compounds in neurons is also directly affected by axonal transport in neurons. Dynein predominantly mediates reverse transportation of metabolites and uptake of signal molecules and other compounds at the end of axons, which is conducive to the reuse of cell components. However, the role of interaction of dynein with HDAC6 in metabolites transport is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of HDAC6 in α-syn accumulation/clearance in neurons and the associated possible influencing factors. The results revealed that HDAC6 could transport ubiquitinated α-syn, bind to dynein, form an aggresome, and relocate to the center of the microtubule tissue, ultimately reducing abnormal accumulation of α-syn. However, PQ treatment resulted in HDAC6 upregulation, causing abnormal aggregation of α-syn. Taken together, these findings indicated that PQ exposure caused abnormal accumulation of α-syn and decreased effective degradation of α-syn by HDAC6-mediated aggresome-autophagy-lysosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Qi
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Kaidong Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yujing Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Rong Hu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Guiling Hu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ge Shi
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Min Huang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
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van Eyll J, Prior R, Celanire S, Van Den Bosch L, Rombouts F. Therapeutic indications for HDAC6 inhibitors in the peripheral and central nervous disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:719-737. [PMID: 39305025 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2404571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhibition of the enzymatic function of HDAC6 is currently being explored in clinical trials ranging from peripheral neuropathies to cancers. Advances in selective HDAC6 inhibitor discovery allowed studying highly efficacious brain penetrant and peripheral restrictive compounds for treating PNS and CNS indications. AREAS COVERED This review explores the multifactorial role of HDAC6 in cells, the common pathological hallmarks of PNS and CNS disorders, and how HDAC6 modulates these mechanisms. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 and genetic knockout/knockdown studies as a therapeutic strategy in PNS and CNS indications were analyzed. Furthermore, we describe the recent developments in HDAC6 PET tracers and their utility in CNS indications. Finally, we explore the advancements and challenges with HDAC6 inhibitor compounds, such as hydroxamic acid, fluoromethyl oxadiazoles, HDAC6 degraders, and thiol-based inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Based on extensive preclinical evidence, pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 is a promising approach for treating both PNS and CNS disorders, given its involvement in neurodegeneration and aging-related cellular processes. Despite the progress in the development of selective HDAC6 inhibitors, safety concerns remain regarding their chronic administration in PNS and CNS indications, and the development of novel compound classes and modalities inhibiting HDAC6 function offer a way to mitigate some of these safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sylvain Celanire
- Augustine Therapeutics, Research and Development, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
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He M, Zhang X, Ran X, Zhang Y, Nie X, Xiao B, Lei L, Zhai S, Zhu J, Zhang J, Li R, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Dai Z, He Z, Feng J, Zhang C. Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Protect Neurons by Degrading Aggregative α-syn and Clearing ROS in Parkinson's Disease. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404576. [PMID: 38696266 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Although evidence indicates that the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra is the main pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), no compounds that have both α-syn antiaggregation and α-syn degradation functions have been successful in treating the disease in the clinic. Here, it is shown that black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) interact directly with α-syn fibrils to trigger their disaggregation for PD treatment. Moreover, BPNSs have a specific affinity for α-syn through van der Waals forces. And BPNSs are found to activate autophagy to maintain α-syn homeostasis, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, reduce reactive oxygen species levels, and rescue neuronal death and synaptic loss in PC12 cells. It is also observed that BPNSs penetrate the blood-brain barrier and protect against dopamine neuron loss, alleviating behavioral disorders in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced mouse model and hA53T α-syn transgenic mice. Together, the study reveals that BPNSs have the potential as a novel integrated nanomedicine for clinical diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiangming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xia Ran
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Xiaoran Nie
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Li Lei
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Suzhen Zhai
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - JinMing Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Rong Li
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zuoji Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Molecular Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Department of Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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Calogero AM, Basellini MJ, Isilgan HB, Longhena F, Bellucci A, Mazzetti S, Rolando C, Pezzoli G, Cappelletti G. Acetylated α-Tubulin and α-Synuclein: Physiological Interplay and Contribution to α-Synuclein Oligomerization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12287. [PMID: 37569662 PMCID: PMC10418364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports that altered α-tubulin acetylation occurs in Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the deposition of α-synuclein fibrillary aggregates within Lewy bodies and nigrostriatal neuron degeneration. Nevertheless, studies addressing the interplay between α-tubulin acetylation and α-synuclein are lacking. Here, we investigated the relationship between α-synuclein and microtubules in primary midbrain murine neurons and the substantia nigra of post-mortem human brains. Taking advantage of immunofluorescence and Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA), a method allowing us to visualize protein-protein interactions in situ, combined with confocal and super-resolution microscopy, we found that α-synuclein and acetylated α-tubulin colocalized and were in close proximity. Next, we employed an α-synuclein overexpressing cellular model and tested the role of α-tubulin acetylation in α-synuclein oligomer formation. We used the α-tubulin deacetylase HDAC6 inhibitor Tubacin to modulate α-tubulin acetylation, and we evaluated the presence of α-synuclein oligomers by PLA. We found that the increase in acetylated α-tubulin significantly induced α-synuclein oligomerization. In conclusion, we unraveled the link between acetylated α-tubulin and α-synuclein and demonstrated that α-tubulin acetylation could trigger the early step of α-synuclein aggregation. These data suggest that the proper regulation of α-tubulin acetylation might be considered a therapeutic strategy to take on PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Maria Calogero
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, 20125 Milan, Italy;
| | - Milo Jarno Basellini
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Huseyin Berkcan Isilgan
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Francesca Longhena
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (F.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Samanta Mazzetti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, 20125 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Rolando
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, 20125 Milan, Italy;
- Parkinson Institute, ASST-Pini-CTO, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.J.B.); (H.B.I.); (S.M.); (C.R.)
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Zhao J, He Y, Duan Y, Ma Y, Dong H, Zhang X, Fang R, Zhang Y, Yu M, Huang F. HDAC6 Deficiency Has Moderate Effects on Behaviors and Parkinson's Disease Pathology in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9975. [PMID: 37373121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is involved in the regulation of protein aggregation and neuroinflammation, but its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. In this study, Hdac6-/- mice were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 technology for exploring the effect of HDAC6 on the pathological progression of PD. We found that male Hdac6-/- mice exhibit hyperactivity and certain anxiety. In the acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice, though motor injury was slightly alleviated by HDAC6 deficiency, dopamine (DA) depletion in the striatum, the decrease in the number of DA neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the reduction in DA neuronal terminals were not affected. In addition, activation of glial cells and the expression of α-synuclein, as well as the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the nigrostriatal pathway, were not changed in MPTP-injected wild-type and Hdac6-/- mice. Therefore, HDAC6 deficiency leads to moderate alterations of behaviors and Parkinson's disease pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Zhao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongtao He
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufei Duan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongtian Dong
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rong Fang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhu Y, Feng M, Wang B, Zheng Y, Jiang D, Zhao L, Mamun MAA, Kang H, Nie H, Zhang X, Guo N, Qin S, Wang N, Liu H, Gao Y. New insights into the non-enzymatic function of HDAC6. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114438. [PMID: 37002569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a class IIb histone deacetylase that contains two catalytic domains and a zinc-finger ubiquitin binding domain (ZnF-UBP) domain. The deacetylation function of HDAC6 has been extensively studied with common substrates such as α-tubulin, cortactin, and Hsp90. Apart from its deacetylase activity, HDAC6 ZnF-UBP binds to unanchored ubiquitin of specific sequences and serves as a carrier for transporting aggregated proteins. As a result, aggresomes are formed and protein degradation is facilitated by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This HDAC6-dependent microtubule transport can be used by cells to assemble and activate inflammasomes, which play a critical role in immune regulation. Even viruses can benefit from the carrier of HDAC6 to assist in uncoating their surfaces during their infection cycle. However, HDAC6 is also capable of blocking virus invasion and replication in a non-enzymatic manner. Given these non-enzymatic functions, HDAC6 is closely associated with various diseases, including neurodegeneration, inflammasome-associated diseases, cancer, and viral infections. Small molecule inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin binding pocket of HDAC6 have been investigated. In this review, we focus on mechanisms in non-enzymatic functions of HDAC6 and discuss the rationality and prospects of therapeutic strategies by intervening the activation of HDAC6 ZnF-UBP in concrete diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mengkai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yichao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - M A A Mamun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Huiqin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haiqian Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ningjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shangshang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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7
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Sixto-López Y, Gómez-Vidal JA, de Pedro N, Bello M, Rosales-Hernández MC, Correa-Basurto J. In silico design of HDAC6 inhibitors with neuroprotective effects. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:14204-14222. [PMID: 34784487 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
HDAC6 has emerged as a molecular target to treat neurodegenerative disorders, due to its participation in protein aggregate degradation, oxidative stress process, mitochondrial transport, and axonal transport. Thus, in this work we have designed a set of 485 compounds with hydroxamic and bulky-hydrophobic moieties that may function as HDAC6 inhibitors with a neuroprotective effect. These compounds were filtered by their predicted ADMET properties and their affinity to HDAC6 demonstrated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The combination of in silico with in vitro neuroprotective results allowed the identification of a lead compound (FH-27) which shows neuroprotective effect that could be due to HDAC6 inhibition. Further, FH-27 chemical moiety was used to design a second series of compounds improving the neuroprotective effect from 2- to 10-fold higher (YSL-99, YSL-109, YSL-112, YSL-116 and YSL-121; 1.25 ± 0.67, 1.82 ± 1.06, 7.52 ± 1.78, 5.59 and 5.62 ± 0.31 µM, respectively). In addition, the R enantiomer of FH-27 (YSL-106) was synthesized, showing a better neuroprotective effect (1.27 ± 0.60 µM). In conclusion, we accomplish the in silico design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of hydroxamic acid derivatives with neuroprotective effect as suggested by an in vitro model. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudibeth Sixto-López
- Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular, Bioinformática y Diseño de fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Antonio Gómez-Vidal
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria de Pedro
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Martiniano Bello
- Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular, Bioinformática y Diseño de fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Cecilia Rosales-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular, Bioinformática y Diseño de fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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8
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Neuroprotective Effects of the DPP4 Inhibitor Vildagliptin in In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042388. [PMID: 35216503 PMCID: PMC8877991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of the midbrain. Restoration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for PD. Because currently used PD therapeutics only help relieve motor symptoms and do not treat the cause of the disease, highly effective drugs are needed. Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor, is an anti-diabetic drug with various pharmacological properties including neuroprotective effects. However, the detailed effects of vildagliptin against PD are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of vildagliptin on PD and its underlying molecular mechanisms using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model and a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium (MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity model. Vildagliptin (50 mg/kg) administration significantly attenuated MPTP-induced motor deficits as evidenced by rotarod, pole, and nest building tests. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis revealed that vildagliptin increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in the SNpc and striatum, which was reduced by MPTP treatment. Furthermore, vildagliptin activated MPTP-decreased PI3k/Akt and mitigated MPTP-increased ERK and JNK signaling pathways in the striatum. Consistent with signaling transduction in the mouse striatum, vildagliptin reversed MPP+-induced dephosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, vildagliptin attenuated MPP+-induced conversion of LC3B-II in SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting its role in autophagy inhibition. Taken together, these findings indicate that vildagliptin has protective effects against MPTP-induced motor dysfunction by inhibiting dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis, which is associated with regulation of PI3k/Akt, ERK, and JNK signaling transduction. Our findings suggest vildagliptin as a promising repurposing drug to treat PD.
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9
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Cheng KC, Hwang YL, Chiang HC. The double-edged sword effect of HDAC6 in Aβ toxicities. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22072. [PMID: 34907598 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101061r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by cognitive impairment, massive cell death, and reduced life expectancy. Pathologically, accumulated beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates and hyperphosphorylated tau protein is the hallmark of the disease. Although changes in cellular function and protein accumulates have been demonstrated in many different AD animal models, the molecular mechanism involved in different cellular functions and the correlation and causative relation between different protein accumulations remain elusive. Our in vivo genetic studies revealed that the molecular mechanisms involved in memory loss and lifespan shortening are different and that tau plays an essential role in mediating Aβ-induced early death. We found that when the first deacetylase (DAC) domain of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) activity was increased, it regulated cortactin deacetylation to reverse Aβ-induced learning and memory deficit, but with no effect on the lifespan of the Aβ flies. On the other hand, an increased amount of the second DAC domain of HDAC6 promoted tau phosphorylation to facilitate Aβ-induced lifespan shortening without affecting learning performance in the Aβ flies. Our data also confirmed decreased acetylation in two major HDAC6 downstream proteins, suggesting increased HDAC6 activity in Aβ flies. Our data established the double-edged sword effect of HDAC6 activity in Aβ-induced pathologies. Not only did we segregate memory loss and lifespan shortening in Aβ flies, but we also provided evidence to link the Aβ with tau signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Luen Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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10
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Chang P, Li H, Hu H, Li Y, Wang T. The Role of HDAC6 in Autophagy and NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763831. [PMID: 34777380 PMCID: PMC8578992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy fights against harmful stimuli and degrades cytosolic macromolecules, organelles, and intracellular pathogens. Autophagy dysfunction is associated with many diseases, including infectious and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have identified the critical role of the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes activation in the innate immune system, which mediates the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β/IL-18 and cleaves Gasdermin D to induce pyroptosis in response to pathogenic and sterile stimuli. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the crosstalk between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in multifaceted ways to influence host defense and inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms require further clarification. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a class IIb deacetylase among the 18 mammalian HDACs, which mainly localizes in the cytoplasm. It is involved in two functional deacetylase domains and a ubiquitin-binding zinc finger domain (ZnF-BUZ). Due to its unique structure, HDAC6 regulates various physiological processes, including autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome, and may play a role in the crosstalk between them. In this review, we provide insight into the mechanisms by which HDAC6 regulates autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome and we explored the possibility and challenges of HDAC6 in the crosstalk between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, we discuss HDAC6 inhibitors as a potential therapeutic approach targeting either autophagy or NLRP3 inflammasome as an anti-inflammatory strategy, although further clarification is required regarding their crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Chang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Traumatology, Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Tianbing Wang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
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11
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Guo YL, Duan WJ, Lu DH, Ma XH, Li XX, Li Z, Bi W, Kurihara H, Liu HZ, Li YF, He RR. Autophagy-dependent removal of α-synuclein: a novel mechanism of GM1 ganglioside neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:518-528. [PMID: 32724177 PMCID: PMC8115090 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GM1 ganglioside is particularly abundant in the mammalian central nervous system and has shown beneficial effects on neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of GM1 ganglioside in experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD) in vivo and in vitro. Mice were injected with MPTP (30 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.) for 5 days, resulting in a subacute model of PD. PD mice were treated with GM1 ganglioside (25, 50 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.) for 2 weeks. We showed that GM1 ganglioside administration substantially improved the MPTP-induced behavioral disturbance and increased the levels of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatal tissues. In the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells and α-synuclein (α-Syn) A53T-overexpressing PC12 (PC12α-Syn A53T) cells, treatment with GM1 ganglioside (40 μM) significantly decreased α-Syn accumulation and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. We further revealed that treatment with GM1 ganglioside promoted autophagy, evidenced by the autophagosomes that appeared in the substantia nigra of PD mice as well as the changes of autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II and p62) in the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Cotreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or bafilomycin A1 abrogated the in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective effects of GM1 ganglioside. Using GM1 ganglioside labeled with FITC fluorescent, we observed apparent colocalization of GM1-FITC and α-Syn as well as GM1-FITC and LC3 in PC12α-Syn A53T cells. GM1 ganglioside significantly increased the phosphorylation of autophagy regulatory proteins ATG13 and ULK1 in doxycycline-treated PC12α-Syn A53T cells and the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, which was inhibited by 3-MA. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the anti-PD role of GM1 ganglioside resulted from activation of autophagy-dependent α-Syn clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Guo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan-Hua Lu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Ma
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Bi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hai-Zhi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Department, School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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12
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Xu W, Ocak U, Gao L, Tu S, Lenahan CJ, Zhang J, Shao A. Selective autophagy as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1369-1392. [PMID: 33067655 PMCID: PMC7904548 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neurological diseases primarily include acute injuries, chronic neurodegeneration, and others (e.g., infectious diseases of the central nervous system). Autophagy is a housekeeping process responsible for the bulk degradation of misfolded protein aggregates and damaged organelles through the lysosomal machinery. Recent studies have suggested that autophagy, particularly selective autophagy, such as mitophagy, pexophagy, ER-phagy, ribophagy, lipophagy, etc., is closely implicated in neurological diseases. These forms of selective autophagy are controlled by a group of important proteins, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, p62, optineurin (OPTN), neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1), and nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1). This review highlights the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of different types of selective autophagy, and their implications in various forms of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Umut Ocak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 16310, Bursa, Turkey.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa City Hospital, 16110, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Corey DA, Rymut SM, Kelley TJ. Alleviation of depression-like behavior in a cystic fibrosis mouse model by Hdac6 depletion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16278. [PMID: 33004910 PMCID: PMC7530985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients experience heightened levels of anxiety and depression. Stress from dealing with chronic disease and rigorous treatment regimens certainly are primary contributors to these outcomes. We previously have demonstrated that microtubule alterations in CF are linked to a number of CF phenotypes including growth regulation and inflammatory responses to airway bacterial challenge. Deletion of histone deactelyase 6 (HDAC6), a cytosolic deacetylase that regulates tubulin acetylation, in CF mice restores growth and inflammatory phenotypes to wild type (WT) profiles. In this study, the hypothesis that Hdac6 depletion in CF mice would impact behaviors since Hda6 inhibition has been previously reported to have anti-depressive properties. Data demonstrate that CF mice exhibit reduced activity and reduced open arm time in an elevated plus maze test which can be consistent with anxiety-like behavior. CF mice also exhibit depression-like behaviors compared to WT mice in an age dependent manner. By eight weeks of age, CF mice exhibit significantly more immobile time in the tail-suspension test, however, Hdac6 depletion reverses the depressive phenotype. These data demonstrate that loss of CFTR function may predispose patients to experience depression and that this behavior is Hdac6 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Corey
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 833 BRB, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4948, USA
| | - Sharon M Rymut
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 833 BRB, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4948, USA
| | - Thomas J Kelley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 833 BRB, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4948, USA.
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14
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Imbalance of Lysine Acetylation Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197182. [PMID: 33003340 PMCID: PMC7582258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The neuropathological features of PD are selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, deficiencies in striatal dopamine levels, and the presence of intracellular Lewy bodies. Interactions among aging and genetic and environmental factors are considered to underlie the common etiology of PD, which involves multiple changes in cellular processes. Recent studies suggest that changes in lysine acetylation and deacetylation of many proteins, including histones and nonhistone proteins, might be tightly associated with PD pathogenesis. Here, we summarize the changes in lysine acetylation of both histones and nonhistone proteins, as well as the related lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs), in PD patients and various PD models. We discuss the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of these changes in PD and highlight that restoring the balance of lysine acetylation/deacetylation of histones and nonhistone proteins is critical for PD treatment. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different KAT/KDAC inhibitors or activators in the treatment of PD models and emphasize that SIRT1 and SIRT3 activators and SIRT2 inhibitors are the most promising effective therapeutics for PD.
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15
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Lemos M, Stefanova N. Histone Deacetylase 6 and the Disease Mechanisms of α-Synucleinopathies. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:586453. [PMID: 33041780 PMCID: PMC7518386 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.586453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal accumulation of α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a prominent pathological feature in a group of diseases called α-Synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The formation of Lewy bodies (LBs) and glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) in neurons and oligodendrocytes, respectively, is highly investigated. However, the molecular mechanisms behind α-Syn improper folding and aggregation remain unclear. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a Class II deacetylase, containing two active catalytic domains and a ubiquitin-binding domain. The properties of HDAC6 and its exclusive cytoplasmic localization allow HDAC6 to modulate the microtubule dynamics, acting as a specific α-tubulin deacetylase. Also, HDAC6 can bind ubiquitinated proteins, facilitating the formation of the aggresome, a cellular defense mechanism to cope with higher levels of misfolded proteins. Several studies report that the aggresome shares similarities in size and composition with LBs and GCIs. HDAC6 is found to co-localize with α-Syn in neurons and in oligodendrocytes, together with other aggresome-related proteins. The involvement of HDAC6 in several neurodegenerative diseases is already under discussion, however, the results obtained by modulating HDAC6 activity are not entirely conclusive. The main goal of this review is to summarize and critically discuss previous in vitro and in vivo data regarding the specific role of HDAC6 in the context of α-Syn accumulation and protein aggregation in α-Synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Lemos
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Rogers AM, Egan MJ. Autophagy machinery promotes the chaperone-mediated formation and compartmentalization of protein aggregates during appressorium development by the rice blast fungus. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2298-2305. [PMID: 32816646 PMCID: PMC7851963 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-01-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chaperone-mediated sequestration of misfolded proteins into specialized quality control compartments represents an important strategy for maintaining protein homeostasis in response to stress. However, precisely how this process is controlled in time and subcellular space and integrated with the cell's protein refolding and degradation pathways remains unclear. We set out to understand how aggregated proteins are managed during infection-related development by a globally devastating plant pathogenic fungus and to determine how impaired protein quality control impacts cellular differentiation and pathogenesis in this system. Here we show that in the absence of Hsp104 disaggregase activity, aggregated proteins are spatially sequestered into quality control compartments within conidia, but not within terminally differentiated infection cells, and thus spatial protein quality control is cell type–dependent. We demonstrate that impaired aggregate resolution results in a short-term developmental penalty but has no significant impact upon appressorium function. Finally, we show that, somewhat unexpectedly, the autophagy machinery is necessary for the normal formation and compartmentalization of protein aggregates. Taken together, our findings provide important new insight into spatial protein quality control during the process of terminal cellular differentiation by a globally important model eukaryote and reveal a new level of interplay between major proteostasis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audra Mae Rogers
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas Systems, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Martin John Egan
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas Systems, Fayetteville, AR 72701.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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17
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Shukla S, Tekwani BL. Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Neuroprotection and Neuronal Differentiation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537. [PMID: 32390854 PMCID: PMC7194116 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HADC) are the enzymes that remove acetyl group from lysine residue of histones and non-histone proteins and regulate the process of transcription by binding to transcription factors and regulating fundamental cellular process such as cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. In neurodegenerative diseases, the histone acetylation homeostasis is greatly impaired, shifting towards a state of hypoacetylation. The histone hyperacetylation produced by direct inhibition of HDACs leads to neuroprotective actions. This review attempts to elaborate on role of small molecule inhibitors of HDACs on neuronal differentiation and throws light on the potential of HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The role of HDACs in neuronal cellular and disease models and their modulation with HDAC inhibitors are also discussed. Significance of these HDAC inhibitors has been reviewed on the process of neuronal differentiation, neurite outgrowth and neuroprotection regarding their potential therapeutic application for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- Division of Drug Discovery, Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, United States
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18
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Francelle L, Outeiro TF, Rappold GA. Inhibition of HDAC6 activity protects dopaminergic neurons from alpha-synuclein toxicity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6064. [PMID: 32269243 PMCID: PMC7142125 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease include preferential vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, and accumulation of intraneuronal protein inclusions known as Lewy bodies. These inclusions contain, among other proteins, aggregated alpha-synuclein and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). In our study we found that selective inhibition of HDAC6 activity by Tubastatin A has protective effects in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease. We provide evidence that this protection may be due to the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy through the up-regulation of key members of this pathway. Moreover, Tubastatin A significantly inhibited the expression of a toxic form of alpha-synuclein that is phosphorylated at serine position 129. Tubastatin A treatment also permitted to partially modulate neuroinflammation. Taken together, our study highlights the neuroprotective effects of Tubastatin A in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease and provides mechanistic insight in Tubastatin A-mediated protection against alpha-synuclein toxicity and substantia nigra degeneration. These findings are of potential therapeutic value in Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Francelle
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gudrun A Rappold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Zhong J, Xie J, Xiao J, Li D, Xu B, Wang X, Wen H, Zhou Z, Cheng Y, Xu J, Wang H. Inhibition of PDE4 by FCPR16 induces AMPK-dependent autophagy and confers neuroprotection in SH-SY5Y cells and neurons exposed to MPP +-induced oxidative insult. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:87-101. [PMID: 30818055 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is generally not well understood, but it is believed to involve excessive oxidative insult. Hence, identifying therapeutic targets and compounds that exhibit protective effects against oxidative damage is a reasonable strategy to slow down the progression of PD. FCPR16 is a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with little emetic potential. Our previous studies showed that FCPR16 was able to block 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells and neurons. However, the detailed mechanism of this is unknown. Here, we found that FCPR16 triggered autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells, as evidenced by an increased level of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II (LC3-II) and decreased p62. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA or chloroquine decreased the effect of FCPR16 on the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and the fluorescence signal of lysosomes. In SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, we found that FCPR16 increased the level of LC3-II, and 3-MA attenuated the protective effect of FCPR16 against MPP+-induced toxicity. Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with FCPR16 prevented MPP+-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the decline of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Importantly, we also found that FCPR16 phosphorylated and thus activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+. In contrast, blockade of the AMPK pathway with compound C blocked the role of FCPR16 in autophagy enhancement. Similarly, the roles of FCPR16 in the production of ROS, decline of Δψm, and neuroprotection were blocked by compound C as well. Similar results were consistently obtained in primary cultured neurons. Taken together, these results suggest that FCPR16 is effective in protecting SH-SY5Y cells and neurons against oxidative stress via AMPK-dependent autophagy. Our findings indicate the potential application of FCPR16 in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Zhong
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinfeng Xie
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiao Xiao
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bingtian Xu
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Huizhen Wen
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhongzhen Zhou
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yufang Cheng
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Center for Brian Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Center for Brian Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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20
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Ziemka-Nalecz M, Jaworska J, Sypecka J, Zalewska T. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: A Therapeutic Key in Neurological Disorders? J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77:855-870. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Ziemka-Nalecz
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaworska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Sypecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Zalewska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Blockade of histone deacetylase 6 protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:339-359. [PMID: 29358506 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to be involved in various pathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory diseases. Nonetheless, its specific role in drug-induced nephrotoxicity is poorly understood. Cisplatin (dichlorodiamino platinum) belongs to an inorganic platinum - fundamental chemotherapeutic drug utilized in the therapy of various solid malignant tumors. However, the use of cisplatin is extremely limited by obvious side effects, for instance bone marrow suppression and nephrotoxicity. In the present study, we utilized a murine model of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and a highly selective inhibitor of HDAC6, tubastatin A (TA), to assess the role of HDAC6 in nephrotoxicity and its associated mechanisms. Cisplatin-induced AKI was accompanied by increased expression and activation of HDAC6; blocking HDAC6 with TA lessened renal dysfunction, attenuated renal pathological changes, reduced expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule 1, and decreased tubular cell apoptosis. In cultured human epithelial cells, TA or HDAC6 siRNA treatment also inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that cisplatin treatment induced phosphorylation of AKT and loss of E-cadherin in the nephrotoxic kidney, and administration of TA enhanced AKT phosphorylation and preserved E-cadherin expression. HDAC6 inhibition also potentiated autophagy as evidenced by increased expression of autophagy-related gene (Atg) 7 (Atg7), Beclin-1, and decreased renal oxidative stress as demonstrated by up-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and down-regulation of malondialdehyde levels. Moreover, TA was effective in inhibiting nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) phosphorylation and suppressing the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Collectively, these data provide strong evidence that HDAC6 inhibition is protective against cisplatin-induced AKI and suggest that HDAC6 may be a potential therapeutic target for AKI treatment.
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22
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More SV, Choi DK. Emerging preclinical pharmacological targets for Parkinson's disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29835-63. [PMID: 26988916 PMCID: PMC5045437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia. It is the most prevalent form of Parkinsonism, categorized by cardinal features such as bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors, and postural instability. Due to the multicentric pathology of PD involving inflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, apoptosis, and protein aggregation, it has become difficult to pin-point a single therapeutic target and evaluate its potential application. Currently available drugs for treating PD provide only symptomatic relief and do not decrease or avert disease progression resulting in poor patient satisfaction and compliance. Significant amount of understanding concerning the pathophysiology of PD has offered a range of potential targets for PD. Several emerging targets including AAV-hAADC gene therapy, phosphodiesterase-4, potassium channels, myeloperoxidase, acetylcholinesterase, MAO-B, dopamine, A2A, mGlu5, and 5-HT-1A/1B receptors are in different stages of clinical development. Additionally, alternative interventions such as deep brain stimulation, thalamotomy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and gamma knife surgery, are also being developed for patients with advanced PD. As much as these therapeutic targets hold potential to delay the onset and reverse the disease, more targets and alternative interventions need to be examined in different stages of PD. In this review, we discuss various emerging preclinical pharmacological targets that may serve as a new promising neuroprotective strategy that could actually help alleviate PD and its symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Vasant More
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
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23
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Strebl M, Campbell AJ, Zhao WN, Schroeder FA, Riley MM, Chindavong PS, Morin TM, Haggarty SJ, Wagner FF, Ritter T, Hooker JM. HDAC6 Brain Mapping with [ 18F]Bavarostat Enabled by a Ru-Mediated Deoxyfluorination. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:1006-1014. [PMID: 28979942 PMCID: PMC5620987 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) function and dysregulation have been implicated in the etiology of certain cancers and more recently in central nervous system (CNS) disorders including Rett syndrome, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and major depressive disorder. HDAC6-selective inhibitors have therapeutic potential, but in the CNS drug space the development of highly brain penetrant HDAC inhibitors has been a persistent challenge. Moreover, no tool exists to directly characterize HDAC6 and its related biology in the living human brain. Here, we report a highly brain penetrant HDAC6 inhibitor, Bavarostat, that exhibits excellent HDAC6 selectivity (>80-fold over all other Zn-containing HDAC paralogues), modulates tubulin acetylation selectively over histone acetylation, and has excellent brain penetrance. We further demonstrate that Bavarostat can be radiolabeled with 18F by deoxyfluorination through in situ formation of a ruthenium π-complex of the corresponding phenol precursor: the only method currently suitable for synthesis of [18F]Bavarostat. Finally, by using [18F]Bavarostat in a series of rodent and nonhuman primate imaging experiments, we demonstrate its utility for mapping HDAC6 in the living brain, which sets the stage for first-in-human neurochemical imaging of this important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin
G. Strebl
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford
Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Arthur J. Campbell
- Stanley
Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute
of MIT and Harvard, 75
Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Wen-Ning Zhao
- Chemical
Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of
Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Frederick A. Schroeder
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Misha M. Riley
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Peter S. Chindavong
- Chemical
Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of
Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Thomas M. Morin
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Tufts University, 419 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Chemical
Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of
Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Florence F. Wagner
- Stanley
Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute
of MIT and Harvard, 75
Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford
Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02144, United States
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jacob M. Hooker
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02144, United States
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24
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Isorhynchophylline Attenuates MPP +-Induced Apoptosis Through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress- and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways in PC12 Cells: Involvement of Antioxidant Activity. Neuromolecular Med 2017; 19:480-492. [PMID: 28822073 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-017-8462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitochondrial dysfunctions are thought to be involved in the dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we found that isorhynchophylline (IRN) significantly attenuated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptotic cell death and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. IRN markedly reduced MPP+-induced-ERS responses, indicative of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) phosphorylation and caspase-12 activation. Furthermore, IRN inhibits MPP+-triggered apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. IRN-mediated attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum modulator caspase-12 activation was abolished by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or IRE-1α shRNA, but not by SP600125 or pifithrin-α in MPP+-treated PC12 cells. Inhibitions of MPP+-induced both cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation by IRN were blocked by pre-treatment with DPI or pifithrin-α, but not by IRE-1α shRNA. IRN blocks the generation of reactive oxygen species upstream of both ASK1/JNK pathway and IRE1/caspase-12 pathway. Altogether, our in vitro findings suggest that IRN possesses potent neuroprotective activity and may be a potential candidate for the treatment of PD.
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Abstract
A healthy proteome is essential for cell survival. Protein misfolding is linked to a rapidly expanding list of human diseases, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to aging and cancer. Many of these diseases are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in intra- and extracellular inclusions, such as amyloid plaques. The clear link between protein misfolding and disease highlights the need to better understand the elaborate machinery that manages proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, in the cell. Proteostasis depends on a network of molecular chaperones and clearance pathways involved in the recognition, refolding, and/or clearance of aberrant proteins. Recent studies reveal that an integral part of the cellular management of misfolded proteins is their spatial sequestration into several defined compartments. Here, we review the properties, function, and formation of these compartments. Spatial sequestration plays a central role in protein quality control and cellular fitness and represents a critical link to the pathogenesis of protein aggregation-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul S Samant
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; , ,
| | - Judith Frydman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; , ,
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26
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Pharmacological modulation of HDAC1 and HDAC6 in vivo in a zebrafish model: Therapeutic implications for Parkinson’s disease. Pharmacol Res 2016; 103:328-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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HDAC6 Regulates the Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy to Prevent Oxidative Damage in Injured Neurons after Experimental Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:7263736. [PMID: 26649145 PMCID: PMC4663006 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7263736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia- (HI-) induced oxidative stress plays a role in secondary pathocellular processes of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) due to HI from many kinds of mechanical trauma. Increasing evidence suggests that the histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC6) plays an important role in cell homeostasis in both physiological and abnormal, stressful, pathological conditions. This paper found that inhibition of HDAC6 accelerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell apoptosis in response to the HI. Deficiency of HDAC6 hindered the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) activity to resistance of HI-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, this study provided the experimental evidence for the potential role of HDAC6 in the regulation of CMA by affecting HSP90 acetylation. Therefore, HDAC6 plays an important role in the function of CMA pathway under the HI stress induced by SCI and it may be a potential therapeutic target in acute SCI model.
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28
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Hwang I, Lee E, Jeon SA, Yu JW. Histone deacetylase 6 negatively regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:973-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Cai ZL, Xu J, Xue SR, Liu YY, Zhang YJ, Zhang XZ, Wang X, Wu FP, Li XM. The E3 ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia homolog 1 may be a potential new therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1286-91. [PMID: 26487857 PMCID: PMC4590242 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.162763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of an antibody against E3 ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia homolog 1 (SIAH-1) in PC12 cells. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment increased α-synuclein, E1 and SIAH-1 protein levels in PC12 cells, and it reduced cell viability; however, there was no significant change in light chain 3 expression. Treatment with an SIAH-1 antibody decreased mRNA expression levels of α-synuclein, light chain 3 and SIAH-1, but increased E1 mRNA expression. It also increased cell viability. Combined treatment with MPP+ and rapamycin reduced SIAH-1 and α-synuclein levels. Treatment with SIAH-1 antibody alone diminished α-synuclein immunoreactivity in PC12 cells, and reduced the colocalization of α-synuclein and light chain 3. These findings suggest that the SIAH-1 antibody reduces the monoubiquitination and aggregation of α-synuclein, promoting its degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Consequently, SIAH-1 may be a potential new therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Lin Cai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shou-Ru Xue
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Ping Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
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30
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Zhu T, Zhao D, Song Z, Yuan Z, Li C, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yin X, Hassan MF, Yang L. HDAC6 alleviates prion peptide-mediated neuronal death via modulating PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:91-102. [PMID: 26507311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) controls several major cellular responses to stress that play a role in neurodegenerative diseases, including aggresome formation, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, the specific role of HDAC6 in prion diseases is not known. In this study, we examined the relationship between HDAC6 and cellular response to the neurotoxic synthetic prion protein fragment PrP106-126. We determined that exposure of cerebral cortical neurons to this fragment alters the expression and localization of HDAC6. Suppression of HDAC6 activity or knockdown of HDAC6 expression exacerbates the neuronal cell death induced by PrP106-126, but that overexpression of HDAC6 alleviates PrP106-126-induced neuronal death. We also found that this protective effect of HDAC6 involves the activation of autophagy and modulation of PI3K-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Overexpression of HDAC6 in neurons-induced autophagy correlated with a reduction in phosphorylated mTOR and phosphorylated p70S6K in response to PrP106-126 stimulation, conversely, HDAC6 deficiency interfered with autophagy and increased phosphorylated mTOR and phosphorylated 70S6K. In addition, HDAC6 also appears to modulate the phosphorylation of Akt; overexpression of HDAC6 increased the phosphorylated Akt, but HDAC6 deficiency resulted in further reduction of phosphorylated Akt. Overall, we demonstrate that HDAC6 protects neurons from toxicity of prion peptide, and that this protection occurs at through the regulation of the PI3k-Akt-mTOR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Deming Zhao
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqi Song
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaosi Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Yin
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Farooque Hassan
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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A novel histone deacetylase 1 and 2 isoform-specific inhibitor alleviates experimental Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:103-116. [PMID: 26545632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With increased histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and histone hypoacetylation being implicated in neurodegeneration, HDAC inhibitors have been reported to have considerable therapeutic potential. Yet, existing inhibitors lack specificity and may show substantial adverse effect. In this study, we identified a novel HDAC1/2 isoform-specific inhibitor, K560, with protective effects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))- and/or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuronal death in both in vitro and in vivo Parkinson's disease model. K560 attenuated cell death induced by MPP(+) in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells through the sustained expression of an antiapoptotic protein, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). Inhibition of XIAP expression by locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides abolished the protective effect of K560. Inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, reduced p53 phosphorylation, and down-regulation of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis on K560 treatment were also observed. Furthermore, pre- and post-oral administration of K560 to mice prevented MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, suggesting that selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC2 by K560 may pave the way to new strategies for Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Lee JY, Kawaguchi Y, Li M, Kapur M, Choi SJ, Kim HJ, Park SY, Zhu H, Yao TP. Uncoupling of Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Model. NEURODEGENER DIS 2015; 15:339-49. [PMID: 26360702 DOI: 10.1159/000437208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant accumulation of protein aggregates is a pathological hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although a buildup of protein aggregates frequently leads to cell death, whether it is the key pathogenic factor in driving neurodegenerative disease remains controversial. HDAC6, a cytosolic ubiquitin-binding deacetylase, has emerged as an important regulator of ubiquitin-dependent quality control autophagy, a lysosome-dependent degradative system responsible for the disposal of misfolded protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Here, we show that in cell models HDAC6 plays a protective role against multiple disease-associated and aggregation-prone cytosolic proteins by facilitating their degradation. We further show that HDAC6 is required for efficient localization of lysosomes to protein aggregates, indicating that lysosome targeting to autophagic substrates is regulated. Supporting a critical role of HDAC6 in protein aggregate disposal in vivo, genetic ablation of HDAC6 in a transgenic SOD1G93A mouse, a model of ALS, leads to dramatic accumulation of ubiquitinated SOD1G93A protein aggregates. Surprisingly, despite a robust buildup of SOD1G93A aggregates, deletion of HDAC6 only moderately modified the motor phenotypes. These findings indicate that SOD1G93A aggregation is not the only determining factor to drive neurodegeneration in ALS, and that HDAC6 likely modulates neurodegeneration through additional mechanisms beyond protein aggregate clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Yong Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lopes da Fonseca T, Villar-Piqué A, Outeiro TF. The Interplay between Alpha-Synuclein Clearance and Spreading. Biomolecules 2015; 5:435-71. [PMID: 25874605 PMCID: PMC4496680 DOI: 10.3390/biom5020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder classically characterized by movement impairment. Pathologically, the most striking features of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of intraneuronal protein inclusions primarily composed of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) that are known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in surviving neurons. Though the mechanisms underlying the progression of PD pathology are unclear, accumulating evidence suggests a prion-like spreading of α-syn pathology. The intracellular homeostasis of α-syn requires the proper degradation of the protein by three mechanisms: chaperone-mediated autophagy, macroautophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome. Impairment of these pathways might drive the system towards an alternative clearance mechanism that could involve its release from the cell. This increased release to the extracellular space could be the basis for α-syn propagation to different brain areas and, ultimately, for the spreading of pathology and disease progression. Here, we review the interplay between α-syn degradation pathways and its intercellular spreading. The understanding of this interplay is indispensable for obtaining a better knowledge of the molecular basis of PD and, consequently, for the design of novel avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Lopes da Fonseca
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal.
| | - Anna Villar-Piqué
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal.
- CEDOC, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1150, Portugal.
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Xu XH, Pan W, Kang LH, Feng H, Song YQ. Association of annexin A2 with cancer development (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2121-8. [PMID: 25760910 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a well-known calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein widely distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular surface of various eukaryotic cells. It has been recognized as a pleiotropic protein affecting a wide range of molecular and cellular processes. Dysregulation and abnormal expression of ANXA2 are linked to a large number of prevalent diseases, including autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, inflammation, diabetes mellitus and a series of cancers. Accumulating data suggest that ANXA2 is aberrantly expressed in a wide spectrum of cancers, and exerts profound effects on tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis as well as tumor neovascularization via different modes of action. However, despite significant research, our knowledge of the mechanism by which ANXA2 participates in cancer development remains fragmented. The present review systematically summarizes the effects of ANXA2 on tumor progression, in an attempt to gain an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to provide a potential effective target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Heng Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Kang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Song
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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35
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Tang BL. Class II HDACs and neuronal regeneration. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1225-33. [PMID: 24604703 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The vastly more superior regenerative capacity of the axons of peripheral nerves over central nervous system (CNS) neurons has been partly attributed to the former's intrinsic capacity to initiate and sustain the functionality of a new growth cone. Growth cone generation involves a myriad of processes that centers around the organization of microtubule bundles. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) modulate a wide range of key neuronal processes such as neural progenitor differentiation, learning and memory, neuronal death, and degeneration. HDAC inhibitors have been shown to be beneficial in attenuating neuronal death and promoting neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration. Recent advances have provided insights on how manipulating HDAC activities, particularly the type II HDACs 5 and 6, which deacetylate tubulin, may benefit axonal regeneration. These advances are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Lopes da Fonseca T, Outeiro TF. ATP13A2 and Alpha-synuclein: a Metal Taste in Autophagy. Exp Neurobiol 2014; 23:314-23. [PMID: 25548531 PMCID: PMC4276802 DOI: 10.5607/en.2014.23.4.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a complex and multifactorial disorder of both idiopathic and genetic origin. Thus far, more than 20 genes have been linked to familial forms of PD. Two of these genes encode for ATP13A2 and alpha-synuclein (asyn), proteins that seem to be members of a common network in both physiological and disease conditions. Thus, two different hypotheses have emerged supporting a role of ATP13A2 and asyn in metal homeostasis or in autophagy. Interestingly, an appealing theory might combine these two cellular pathways. Here we review the novel findings in the interaction between these two proteins and debate the exciting roads still ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Lopes da Fonseca
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. ; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. ; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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37
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Hyttinen JM, Amadio M, Viiri J, Pascale A, Salminen A, Kaarniranta K. Clearance of misfolded and aggregated proteins by aggrephagy and implications for aggregation diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:16-28. [PMID: 25062811 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Processing of misfolded proteins is important in order for the cell to maintain its normal functioning and homeostasis. Three systems control the quality of proteins: chaperone-mediated refolding, proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated proteins, and finally, when the two others fail, aggrephagy, as selective form of autophagy, degrades ubiquitin-labelled aggregated cargos. In this route misfolded proteins gradually form larger aggregates, aggresomes and they eventually become double membrane-wrapped organelles called autophagosomes, which become degraded when they fuse to lysosomes, for reuse by the cell. The stages, the main molecules participating in the process, and the regulation of aggrephagy are discussed here, as is the role of protein aggregation in protein accumulation diseases. In particular, we emphasize that both Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration, two of the most common pathologies in the aged, are characterized by altered protein clearance and deposits. Based on the hypothesis that manipulations of autophagy may be potentially useful in these and other aggregation-related diseases, we will discuss some promising therapeutic strategies to counteract protein aggregates-induced cellular toxicity.
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38
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Histone deacetylase 6 regulates cytotoxic α-synuclein accumulation through induction of the heat shock response. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2316-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yan J. Interplay between HDAC6 and its interacting partners: essential roles in the aggresome-autophagy pathway and neurodegenerative diseases. DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:567-80. [PMID: 24932665 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic localization and possession of two deacetylase domains and a ubiquitin-binding domain make histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) a unique histone deacetylase. HDAC6 interacts with a number of proteins in the cytoplasm. Some of these proteins can be deacetylated by HDAC6 deacetylase activity. Others can affect HDAC6 functions by modulating its catalytic activity or ubiquitin-binding capability. Over the last decade, HDAC6 has been shown to play important roles in the aggresome-autophagy pathway, which selectively targets on protein aggregates or damaged organelles for their accumulation and clearance in cells. HDAC6-interacting partners are integral components in this pathway with regard to their regulatory roles through interaction with HDAC6. The aggresome-autophagy pathway appears to be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as accumulation of protein aggregates are hallmarks in these diseases. In the current review, I discuss the molecular details of how HDAC6 and its interacting partners regulate each individual step in the aggresome-autophagy pathway and also provide perspectives of how HDAC6 can be targeted in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
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40
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Kuzdas-Wood D, Stefanova N, Jellinger KA, Seppi K, Schlossmacher MG, Poewe W, Wenning GK. Towards translational therapies for multiple system atrophy. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 118:19-35. [PMID: 24598411 PMCID: PMC4068324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder of uncertain etiopathogenesis manifesting with autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and ataxia in any combination. The underlying neuropathology affects central autonomic, striatonigral and olivopontocerebellar pathways and it is associated with distinctive glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs, Papp-Lantos bodies) that contain aggregates of α-synuclein. Current treatment options are very limited and mainly focused on symptomatic relief, whereas disease modifying options are lacking. Despite extensive testing, no neuroprotective drug treatment has been identified up to now; however, a neurorestorative approach utilizing autologous mesenchymal stem cells has shown remarkable beneficial effects in the cerebellar variant of MSA. Here, we review the progress made over the last decade in defining pathogenic targets in MSA and summarize insights gained from candidate disease-modifying interventions that have utilized a variety of well-established preclinical MSA models. We also discuss the current limitations that our field faces and suggest solutions for possible approaches in cause-directed therapies of MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kuzdas-Wood
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | | | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Michael G Schlossmacher
- Divisions of Neuroscience and Neurology, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, RGH #1412, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Gregor K Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
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Alteration of dynein function affects α-synuclein degradation via the autophagosome-lysosome pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:24242-54. [PMID: 24351814 PMCID: PMC3876108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141224242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that dynein dysfunction may be implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. It plays a central role in aggresome formation, the delivery of autophagosome to lysosome for fusion and degradation, which is a pro-survival mechanism essential for the bulk degradation of misfolded proteins and damaged organells. Previous studies reported that dynein dysfuntion was associated with aberrant aggregation of α-synuclein, which is a major component of inclusion bodies in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it remains unclear what roles dynein plays in α-synuclein degradation. Our study demonstrated a decrease of dynein expression in neurotoxin-induced PD models in vitro and in vivo, accompanied by an increase of α-synuclein protein level. Dynein down-regulation induced by siRNA resulted in a prolonged half-life of α-synuclein and its over-accumulation in A53T overexpressing PC12 cells. Dynein knockdown also prompted the increase of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-II) and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1, p62) expression, and the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles. Moreover, dynein suppression impaired the autophagosome fusion with lysosome. In summary, our findings indicate that dynein is critical for the clearance of aberrant α-synuclein via autophagosome-lysosome pathway.
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Kim JN, Kim MK, Cho KS, Choi CS, Park SH, Yang SI, Joo SH, Park JH, Bahn G, Shin CY, Lee HJ, Han SH, Kwon KJ. Valproic Acid Regulates α-Synuclein Expression through JNK Pathway in Rat Primary Astrocytes. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 21:222-8. [PMID: 24265868 PMCID: PMC3830121 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of α-synuclein aggregation on Parkinson's disease is relatively well known, the physiological role and the regulatory mechanism governing the expression of α-synuclein are unclear yet. We recently reported that α-synuclein is expressed and secreted from cultured astrocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of valproic acid (VPA), which has been suggested to provide neuroprotection by increasing α-synuclein in neuron, on α-synuclein expression in rat primary astrocytes. VPA concentrationdependently increased the protein expression level of α-synuclein in cultured rat primary astrocytes with concomitant increase in mRNA expression level. Likewise, the level of secreted α-synuclein was also increased by VPA. VPA increased the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and JNK and pretreatment of a JNK inhibitor SP600125 prevented the VPA-induced increase in α-synuclein. Whether the increased α-synuclein in astrocytes is involved in the reported neuroprotective effects of VPA awaits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Nam Kim
- Departments of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701 ; Center for Neuroscience Research, SMART Institute Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701
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Lu Y, Hao BX, Graeff R, Wong CWM, Wu WT, Yue J. Two pore channel 2 (TPC2) inhibits autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion by alkalinizing lysosomal pH. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:24247-63. [PMID: 23836916 PMCID: PMC3745369 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.484253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), one of the most potent Ca2+ mobilizing messengers, elicits Ca2+ release from lysosomes via the two pore channel 2 (TPC2) in many cell types. Here we found that overexpression of TPC2 in HeLa or mouse embryonic stem cells inhibited autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion, thereby resulting in the accumulation of autophagosomes. Treatment of TPC2 expressing cells with a cell permeant-NAADP agonist, NAADP-AM, further induced autophagosome accumulation. On the other hand, TPC2 knockdown or treatment of cells with Ned-19, a NAADP antagonist, markedly decreased the accumulation of autophagosomes. TPC2-induced accumulation of autophagosomes was also markedly blocked by ATG5 knockdown. Interestingly, inhibiting mTOR activity failed to increase TPC2-induced autophagosome accumulation. Instead, we found that overexpression of TPC2 alkalinized lysosomal pH, and lysosomal re-acidification abolished TPC2-induced autophagosome accumulation. In addition, TPC2 overexpression had no effect on general endosomal-lysosomal degradation but prevented the recruitment of Rab-7 to autophagosomes. Taken together, our data demonstrate that TPC2/NAADP/Ca2+ signaling alkalinizes lysosomal pH to specifically inhibit the later stage of basal autophagy progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- Department of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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44
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HDAC6 and ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:9514-35. [PMID: 23644884 PMCID: PMC3676797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14059514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The special class IIb histone deacetylase, HDAC6, plays a prominent role in many cellular processes related to cancer, including oncogenesis, the cell stress response, motility, and myriad signaling pathways. Many of the lessons learned from other cancers can be applied to ovarian cancer as well. HDAC6 interacts with diverse proteins such as HSP90, cortactin, tubulin, dynein, p300, Bax, and GRK2 in both the nucleus and cytoplasm to carry out these cancerous functions. Not all pro-cancer interactions of HDAC6 involve deacetylation. The idea of using HDAC6 as a target for cancer treatment continues to expand in recent years, and more potent and specific HDAC6 inhibitors are required to effectively down-regulate the tumor-prone cell signaling pathways responsible for ovarian cancer.
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45
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Yang YP, Hu LF, Zheng HF, Mao CJ, Hu WD, Xiong KP, Wang F, Liu CF. Application and interpretation of current autophagy inhibitors and activators. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:625-35. [PMID: 23524572 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the major intracellular degradation system, by which cytoplasmic materials are delivered to and degraded in the lysosome. As a quality control mechanism for cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, autophagy plays important roles in a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and infectious and inflammatory diseases. The discovery of ATG genes and the dissection of the signaling pathways involved in regulating autophagy have greatly enriched our knowledge on the occurrence and development of this lysosomal degradation pathway. In addition to its role in degradation, autophagy may also promote a type of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis, termed type II programmed cell death. Owing to the dual roles of autophagy in cell death and the specificity of diseases, the exact mechanisms of autophagy in various diseases require more investigation. The application of autophagy inhibitors and activators will help us understand the regulation of autophagy in human diseases, and provide insight into the use of autophagy-targeted drugs. In this review, we summarize the latest research on autophagy inhibitors and activators and discuss the possibility of their application in human disease therapy.
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Aberrant histone deacetylase2-mediated histone modifications and synaptic plasticity in the amygdala predisposes to anxiety and alcoholism. Biol Psychiatry 2013; 73:763-73. [PMID: 23485013 PMCID: PMC3718567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in psychiatric disorders, including alcohol dependence. However, the epigenetic basis and role of specific histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoforms in the genetic predisposition to anxiety and alcoholism is unknown. METHODS We measured amygdaloid HDAC activity, levels of HDAC isoforms, and histone H3 acetylation in selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) and -nonpreferring (NP) rats. We employed HDAC2 small interfering RNA infusion into the central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) of P rats to determine the causal role of HDAC2 in anxiety-like and alcohol-drinking behaviors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to examine the histone acetylation status of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) genes. Golgi-Cox staining was performed to measure dendritic spine density. RESULTS We found that P rats innately display higher nuclear HDAC activity and HDAC2 but not HDAC 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 protein levels and lower acetylation of H3-K9 but not H3-K14, in the CeA and medial nucleus of amygdala compared with NP rats. Acute ethanol exposure decreased amygdaloid HDAC activity and HDAC2 protein levels, increased global and gene (Bdnf and Arc)-specific histone acetylation, and attenuated anxiety-like behaviors in P rats but had no effects in NP rats. The HDAC2 knockdown in the CeA attenuated anxiety-like behaviors and voluntary alcohol but not sucrose consumption in P rats and increased histone acetylation of Bdnf and Arc with a resultant increase in protein levels that correlated with increased dendritic spine density. CONCLUSIONS These novel data demonstrate the role of HDAC2-mediated epigenetic mechanisms in anxiety and alcoholism.
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Simões-Pires C, Zwick V, Nurisso A, Schenker E, Carrupt PA, Cuendet M. HDAC6 as a target for neurodegenerative diseases: what makes it different from the other HDACs? Mol Neurodegener 2013; 8:7. [PMID: 23356410 PMCID: PMC3615964 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-8-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been demonstrated to be beneficial in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Such results were mainly associated with the epigenetic modulation caused by HDACs, especially those from class I, via chromatin deacetylation. However, other mechanisms may contribute to the neuroprotective effect of HDAC inhibitors, since each HDAC may present distinct specific functions within the neurodegenerative cascades. Such an example is HDAC6 for which the role in neurodegeneration has been partially elucidated so far. The strategy to be adopted in promising therapeutics targeting HDAC6 is still controversial. Specific inhibitors exert neuroprotection by increasing the acetylation levels of α-tubulin with subsequent improvement of the axonal transport, which is usually impaired in neurodegenerative disorders. On the other hand, an induction of HDAC6 would theoretically contribute to the degradation of protein aggregates which characterize various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Hutington’s diseases. This review describes the specific role of HDAC6 compared to the other HDACs in the context of neurodegeneration, by collecting in silico, in vitro and in vivo results regarding the inhibition and/or knockdown of HDAC6 and other HDACs. Moreover, structure, function, subcellular localization, as well as the level of HDAC6 expression within brain regions are reviewed and compared to the other HDAC isoforms. In various neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanisms underlying HDAC6 interaction with other proteins seem to be a promising approach in understanding the modulation of HDAC6 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Simões-Pires
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Chen YT, Zang XF, Pan J, Zhu XL, Chen F, Chen ZB, Xu Y. Expression patterns of histone deacetylases in experimental stroke and potential targets for neuroprotection. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 39:751-8. [PMID: 22651689 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
1. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors exert neuroprotection in both cellular and animal models of ischaemic stroke. However, which HDAC isoform (or isoforms) mediates this beneficial effect has not yet been determined. 2. In the present study, gene levels of the HDAC isoforms were determined in the mouse cortex using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), whereas changes in the expression of individual zinc-dependent HDAC family members were evaluated by western blotting, 3, 12, 24 and 48 h after cerebral ischaemia induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in male Kunming mice. 3. The HDAC isoforms HDAC1-11 were all expressed in the mouse cortex and differentially affected by cerebral ischaemia. Notably, there was a substantial increase in HDAC3, HDAC6 and HDAC11 expression during the early phases of experimental stroke, indicating their contribution to stroke pathogenesis. Furthermore, induction of HDAC3 and HDAC6 in cortical neurons by ischaemic stroke was confirmed in vivo and in vitro using double-labelled immunostaining and RT-PCR, respectively. Therefore, small hairpin (sh) RNAs were used to selectively knock down HDAC3 or HDAC6. This knockdown appreciably promoted the survival of cortical neurons subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation. 4. The findings of the present study demonstrate the expression patterns of HDAC isoforms during experimental ischaemic stroke. Furthermore, HDAC3 and HDAC6 were identified as potential mediators in the neurotoxicity of ischaemic stroke, suggesting that specific therapeutic approaches may be considered according to HDAC subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Li Y, Shin D, Kwon SH. Histone deacetylase 6 plays a role as a distinct regulator of diverse cellular processes. FEBS J 2012. [PMID: 23181831 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 is the best-characterized class IIb deacetylase that regulates many important biological processes via the formation of complexes with its partner proteins. HDAC6 is important both for cytoplasmic and nuclear functions. Unlike other deacetylases, HDAC6 has unique substrate specificity for nonhistone proteins. Such diverse functions of HDAC6 suggest that it serves a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. This therapeutic interest in HDAC6 stems from the observation that HDAC6 may be overexpressed or deregulated in various cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory disorders. Despite extensive efforts, however, very few HDAC6-selective inhibitors have been identified and the precise structural determinants remain undefined. Future efforts aiming to better define the structure and function of HDAC6 should provide the basis for the discovery of novel effective inhibitors. In this review, we focus on recent studies that highlight the importance of HDAC6-mediated biological processes, disease mechanisms and HDAC6-selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
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Coppedè F. Genetics and epigenetics of Parkinson's disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:489830. [PMID: 22623900 PMCID: PMC3353471 DOI: 10.1100/2012/489830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1997 a mutation in the a-synuclein (SNCA) gene was associated with familial autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). Since then, several loci (PARK1-15) and genes have been linked to familial forms of the disease. There is now sufficient evidence that six of the so far identified genes at PARK loci (a-synuclein, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, parkin, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1, DJ-1, and ATP13A2) cause inherited forms of typical PD or parkinsonian syndromes. Other genes at non-PARK loci (MAPT, SCA1, SCA2, spatacsin, POLG1) cause syndromes with parkinsonism as one of the symptoms. The majority of PD cases are however sporadic "idiopathic" forms, and the recent application of genome-wide screening revealed almost 20 genes that might contribute to disease risk. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and small RNA-mediated mechanisms, could regulate the expression of PD-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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