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Asakura S, Kaneko K, Kawano K, Shobako M, Xu C, Sato M, Kurabayashi A, Suzuki H, Ito A, Higuchi Y, Nakayama R, Takahashi H, Ohinata K. Characterization of rice endosperm-derived antidepressant-like peptide (REAP): An orally active novel tridecapeptide derived from rice protein. Peptides 2024; 177:171184. [PMID: 38432550 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
It is ideal to ingest bioactive substances from daily foods to stay healthy. Rice is the staple food for almost half of the human population. We found that an orally administered enzymatic digest of rice endosperm protein exhibits antidepressant-like effects in the tail suspension test (TST) using mice. A comprehensive peptide analysis of the digest using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed, and a tridecapeptide QQFLPEGQSQSQK, detected in the digest, was chemosynthesized. Oral administration of the tridecapeptide exhibited antidepressant-like effects at a low dose comparable to classical antidepressant in the TST. This also exhibited anti-depressant-like effect in the forced swim test. We named it rice endosperm-derived antidepressant-like peptide (REAP). Intriguingly, intraperitoneal administration had no effect. Orally administered REAP(8-13) but not REAP(1-7) exhibited antidepressant-like activity, suggesting that the C-terminal structure is important for the antidepressant-like effect. We confirmed the presence of REAP, corresponding to rice glutelin type B4(130-142) and B5(130-142), in the digest. The effects of REAP were blocked by both dopamine D1 and D2 antagonists. These results suggest that it exerts its antidepressant-like activity through activation of the dopamine system. Taken together, oral administration of a novel tridecapeptide exhibited antidepressant-like effects via the dopamine system. This is the first report of a rice-derived peptide that exhibits antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saho Asakura
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kaneko
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawano
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Maiko Shobako
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Chendong Xu
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Chiba, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Chiba, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Chiba, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan
| | - Akira Ito
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD., 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Higuchi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD., 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nakayama
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD., 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD., 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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2
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Shimizu K, Kaneko K, Koyama D, Ohinata K. Soy-fortelin: A ghrelin sensitivity-enhancing peptide that stimulates food intake in aged mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22836. [PMID: 36856734 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201482r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin sensitivity is known to decrease with aging in mice and humans, and the decrease contributes to anorexia with aging. In this study, we discovered novel ghrelin sensitivity-enhancing peptides. Ghrelin sensitivity was evaluated by examining whether dipeptide samples enhanced the calcium response to ghrelin in the growth hormone secretagogue receptor-transfected cell line. First, dipeptides were screened using a 336-dipeptide library and we revealed that Ser-Tyr (SY) potentiated ghrelin sensitivity in particular. Based on the structure-activity relationship determined using the dipeptide library and comprehensive analysis of peptides in the chymotrypsin digest of soy β-conglycinin (β-CG), which enhanced ghrelin sensitivity, candidate peptides were narrowed down. Among the chemosynthesized peptides, we discovered that an undecapeptide, SLVNNDDRDSY, corresponding to β-CGα(267-277), stimulated ghrelin sensitivity in vitro. This peptide enhanced the orexigenic activity of ghrelin in C57BL/6 mice and stimulated food intake. Thus, we demonstrated that SLVNNDDRDSY stimulated ghrelin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo and named it "soy-fortelin". Moreover, orally administered soy-fortelin had a similar but smaller effect in the young C57BL/6 mice, whereas it strongly stimulated food intake in 2-year-old aged mice that exhibited high blood ghrelin levels and low ghrelin sensitivity. In conclusion, we discovered soy-fortelin as a novel peptide that enhances ghrelin sensitivity in vivo and in vitro and increases food intake in young and aged ghrelin-resistant mice. Soy-fortelin is the first food-derived peptide reported to enhance ghrelin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Shimizu
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kaneko
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Koyama
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Kaneko K, Tokuyama Y, Taniguchi E, Abe S, Nakato J, Iwakura H, Sato M, Kurabayashi A, Suzuki H, Ito A, Higuchi Y, Nakayama R, Uchiyama K, Takahashi H, Ohinata K. Rice Endoplasmic Protein-Derived Peptides, Rice-Ghretropins A and B, Stimulate Ghrelin Release in MGN3-1 Cells and Increase Plasma Acylated Ghrelin and Food Intake in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:421-429. [PMID: 36580688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that novel rice-derived bioactive peptides promote the secretion of ghrelin, an endogenous orexigenic hormone secreted from the stomach. The enzymatic digest of rice endosperm protein with subtilisin, a microorganism-derived enzyme, stimulated acylated ghrelin secretion in the ghrelin-releasing cell line MGN3-1 and increased food intake after oral administration in mice. By performing a comprehensive analysis based on structure-activity relationships, we selected candidate peptides from over 30,000 peptides in the rice digest. Among them, we found that QAFEPIRSV and TNPWHSPRQGSF, corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the rice endoplasmic proteins glutelin A1 or A2(52-60) and B1 or B2(31-42), respectively, stimulated acylated ghrelin release in MGN3-1 cells. We named them rice-ghretropins A and B. Pyroglutamate formation of rice-ghretropin A, [pyr1]-rice-ghretropin A, also promoted ghrelin secretion. Furthermore, oral administration of rice-ghretropins increased food intake, plasma ghrelin concentration, and small intestinal transit in mice. In addition, the subtilisin digest of the rice protein significantly increased food intake for 4 h in 9 month-old (control: 0.61 ± 0.049 g; digest: 0.83 ± 0.059 g) and 24 month-old mice (control: 0.52 ± 0.067 g; digest: 1.01 ± 0.064 g). In summary, we found that novel bioactive peptides, namely, rice-ghretropins, from the enzymatic digest of rice endosperm stimulated acylated ghrelin secretion and increased food intake. This is the first report of rice-derived exogenous bioactive peptides that increase acylated ghrelin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kaneko
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tokuyama
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Eriko Taniguchi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shimon Abe
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Junya Nakato
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 841-8509, Japan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Akira Ito
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Higuchi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nakayama
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kimiko Uchiyama
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Santos-Sánchez G, Ponce-España E, López JC, Álvarez-Sánchez N, Álvarez-López AI, Pedroche J, Millán F, Millán-Linares MC, Lardone PJ, Bejarano I, Cruz-Chamorro I, Carrillo-Vico A. A Lupin (Lupinusangustifolius) Protein Hydrolysate Exerts Anxiolytic-Like Effects in Western Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179828. [PMID: 36077225 PMCID: PMC9456304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide, causing a substantial economic burden due to the associated healthcare costs. Given that commercial anxiolytic treatments may cause important side effects and have medical restrictions for prescription and high costs, the search for new natural and safer treatments is gaining attention. Since lupin protein hydrolysate (LPH) has been shown to be safe and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, key risk factors for the anxiety process and memory impairment, we evaluated in this study the potential effects of LPH on anxiety and spatial memory in a Western diet (WD)-induced anxiety model in ApoE−/− mice. We showed that 20.86% of the 278 identified LPH peptides have biological activity related to anxiolytic/analgesic effects; the principal motifs found were the following: VPL, PGP, YL, and GQ. Moreover, 14 weeks of intragastrical LPH treatment (100 mg/kg) restored the WD-induced anxiety effects, reestablishing the anxiety levels observed in the standard diet (SD)-fed mice since they spent less time in the anxiety zones of the elevated plus maze (EPM). Furthermore, a significant increase in the number of head dips was recorded in LPH-treated mice, which indicates a greater exploration capacity and less fear due to lower levels of anxiety. Interestingly, the LPH group showed similar thigmotaxis, a well-established indicator of animal anxiety and fear, to the SD group, counteracting the WD effect. This is the first study to show that LPH treatment has anxiolytic effects, pointing to LPH as a potential component of future nutritional therapies in patients with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Santos-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ponce-España
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López
- Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Nuria Álvarez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-López
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Justo Pedroche
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Millán
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - María Carmen Millán-Linares
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Patricia Judith Lardone
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bejarano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Cruz-Chamorro
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (A.C.-V.); Tel.: +34-955923106 (A.C.-V.); Fax: +34-954907048 (A.C.-V.)
| | - Antonio Carrillo-Vico
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Universidad de Sevilla, HUVR, Junta de Andalucía, CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.-C.); (A.C.-V.); Tel.: +34-955923106 (A.C.-V.); Fax: +34-954907048 (A.C.-V.)
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5
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Kaneko K. Appetite regulation by plant-derived bioactive peptides for promoting health. Peptides 2021; 144:170608. [PMID: 34265369 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Appetite is closely regulated not only by gut hormonal and neuronal peptides but also by exogenous peptides derived from food proteins. Food proteins are now recognized to contain many thousands of bioactive compounds that provide additional health benefits beyond their nutritional effects. Bioactive peptides are beneficial to the life and/or to regulate physiological functions. Although animal protein products have been widely applied in the food industry, exploring the possibilities of developing functional foods based on plant protein-derived peptides is considered attractive for achieving sustainable development goals. In addition, peptides from plant proteins have the potential to treat numerous diseases or risk factors and may therefore facilitate a healthy life expectancy. In this review, we discuss the identified plant-based bioactive peptides and their appetite regulating effects. Plant-based bioactive peptides may provide new opportunities to discover novel approaches that can improve and prevent diseases in a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kaneko
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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6
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Mizushige T. Neuromodulatory peptides: Orally active anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like peptides derived from dietary plant proteins. Peptides 2021; 142:170569. [PMID: 33984426 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders are a severe health problem, and the number of patients is growing worldwide. Increased anxiety and decreased motivation due to excessive mental stress further accelerated the severity of the problem. Enzymatic digestion of food proteins produces bioactive peptides with various physiological functions, some of which exhibit neuromodulatory effects with oral administration. Recently, studies reported that some peptides produced from plant proteins such as soybeans, leaves, and grains exhibit emotional regulatory functions such as strong anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects comparable to pharmaceuticals. Conventionally, researchers investigated bioactive peptides by fractionation of protein hydrolysates and structure-activity relationship. As a novel methodology for analyzing bioactive peptides, the information obtained by peptidomics simultaneous analysis of the digested fractions of proteins using mass spectrometry has been effectively utilized. Some small-sized peptides such as dipeptides and tripeptides released food-derived proteins show emotional regulating effects. Moreover, some middle-sized peptides produced after intestinal digestion may exhibit the emotional regulating effect via the vagus nerve, and the importance of the gut-brain axis is also focused. As the central mechanism of emotional regulation, it has been found that these plant-derived peptides regulated monoamine neurotransmitter signaling and hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Mizushige
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Minemachi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan.
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Hafeez Z, Benoit S, Cakir-Kiefer C, Dary A, Miclo L. Food protein-derived anxiolytic peptides: their potential role in anxiety management. Food Funct 2021; 12:1415-1431. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02432e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Could bioactive peptides from food proteins be used as prophylactic in the management of anxiety disorders?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Benoit
- Université de Lorraine
- CALBINOTOX
- F-54000 Nancy
- France
| | | | - Annie Dary
- Université de Lorraine
- CALBINOTOX
- F-54000 Nancy
- France
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8
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Yao Y, Luo Z, Zhang X. In silico evaluation of marine fish proteins as nutritional supplements for COVID-19 patients. Food Funct 2020; 11:5565-5572. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00530d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
To date, no specific drug has been discovered for the treatment of COVID-19 and hence, patients are in a state of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhen Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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9
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Zhang B, Wang H, Wang Y, Yu Y, Liu J, Liu B, Zhang T. Identification of antioxidant peptides derived from egg‐white protein and its protective effects on H
2
O
2
‐induced cell damage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
- College of Food Engineering Jilin Engineering Normal University Changchun 130052 China
| | - Yiding Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
| | - Boqun Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Jilin University Changchun 130062 China
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10
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Identification of Rubisco anxiolytic-like peptides (rALPs) by comprehensive analysis of spinach green leaf protein digest. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1050-1056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Karim MR, Yanagawa A, Ohinata K. Soy undecapeptide induces Drosophila hind leg grooming via dopamine receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:454-458. [PMID: 29577906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
β-Conglycinin α subunit (323-333) [βCGα(323-333)] is an exogenous neuromodulating undecapeptide found from enzymatic digest of β-conglycinin, a soy major storage protein by mice behavior tests. We investigated effect of βCGα(323-333) on Drosophila behavior. Oral administration of βCGα(323-333) in Drosophila increased hind leg grooming, which may act through specific sets of neurons. It was reported that dopamine receptor (DopR) meditates hind leg grooming, and we tested involvement of DopR in βCGα(323-333)-induced hind leg grooming by using DopR knockout flies. In the wild type but not in the DopR-knockout flies, βCGα(323-333) increased hind leg grooming. These results suggest that βCGα(323-333) induces hind leg grooming via activating the DopR. This is the first report showing that exogenously administered peptide changes fly behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rezaul Karim
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Aya Yanagawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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12
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Mori Y, Asakura S, Yamamoto A, Odagiri S, Yamada D, Sekiguchi M, Wada K, Sato M, Kurabayashi A, Suzuki H, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Characterization of soy‐deprestatin, a novel orally active decapeptide that exerts antidepressant‐like effects
via
gut–brain communication. FASEB J 2018; 32:568-575. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700333rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiha Mori
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Saho Asakura
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akane Yamamoto
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Saori Odagiri
- Department of Degenerative Neurological DiseasesNational Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological DiseasesNational Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Masayuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Degenerative Neurological DiseasesNational Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological DiseasesNational Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Department of Research and DevelopmentKazusa DNA Research InstitutesKisarazuJapan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Research and DevelopmentKazusa DNA Research InstitutesKisarazuJapan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Research and DevelopmentKazusa DNA Research InstitutesKisarazuJapan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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13
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Ogiwara M, Ota W, Mizushige T, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Enzymatic digest of whey protein and wheylin-1, a dipeptide released in the digest, increase insulin sensitivity in an Akt phosphorylation-dependent manner. Food Funct 2018; 9:4635-4641. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00919h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Wheylin-1 is the first whey-derived peptide that increases insulin sensitivity in an Akt phosphorylation-dependent manner and lowers blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Ogiwara
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Wakana Ota
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
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14
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Ota A, Yamamoto A, Kimura S, Mori Y, Mizushige T, Nagashima Y, Sato M, Suzuki H, Odagiri S, Yamada D, Sekiguchi M, Wada K, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Rational identification of a novel soy-derived anxiolytic-like undecapeptide acting via gut-brain axis after oral administration. Neurochem Int 2017; 105:51-57. [PMID: 28065795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we found that the chymotryptic digest of soy β-conglycinin, a major storage protein, exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in mice. We then searched for anxiolytic-like peptides in the digest. Based on a comprehensive peptide analysis of the chymotryptic digest by high performance liquid chromatograph connected to an LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer and the structure-activity relationship of known peptides, we explored anxiolytic-like peptides present in the digest. FLSSTEAQQSY, which corresponds to 323-333 of the β-conglycinin α subunit [βCGα(323-333)] emerged as a candidate. Oral administration of synthetic βCGα(323-333) exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus-maze and open-field test in male mice. Orally administered βCGα(323-333) exhibited anxiolytic-like effects in sham-operated control mice but not in vagotomized mice. In addition, oral administration of βCGα(323-333) increased the expression of c-Fos, a marker of neuronal activity, in the nucleus of the solitary tract, which receives inputs from the vagus nerve. These results suggest that the anxiolytic-like effects were mediated by the vagus nerve. The anxiolytic-like effects of βCGα(323-333) were also blocked by antagonists of the serotonin 5-HT1A, dopamine D1 and GABAA receptors. However βCGα(323-333) had no affinity for these receptors, suggesting it stimulates the release of endogenous neurotransmitters to activate the receptors. Taken together, a soy-derived undecapeptide, βCGα(323-333), may exhibit anxiolytic-like effects after oral administration via the vagus nerve and 5-HT1A, D1 and GABAA systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Ota
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Akane Yamamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Saeko Kimura
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yukiha Mori
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan; Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry, C-PIER, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nagashima
- Department of Research & Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Department of Research & Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Research & Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Saori Odagiri
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Fuji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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15
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Dave LA, Hayes M, Mora L, Montoya CA, Moughan PJ, Rutherfurd SM. Gastrointestinal Endogenous Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides: An in Vitro Study of Their Gut Modulatory Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:482. [PMID: 27043546 PMCID: PMC4848938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently proposed paradigm suggests that, like their dietary counterparts, digestion of gastrointestinal endogenous proteins (GEP) may also produce bioactive peptides. With an aim to test this hypothesis, in vitro digests of four GEP namely; trypsin (TRYP), lysozyme (LYS), mucin (MUC), serum albumin (SA) and a dietary protein chicken albumin (CA) were screened for their angiotensin-I converting (ACE-I), renin, platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory (DPP-IV) and antioxidant potential following simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Further, the resultant small intestinal digests were enriched to obtain peptides between 3-10 kDa in size. All in vitro digests of the four GEP were found to inhibit ACE-I compared to the positive control captopril when assayed at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, while the LYS < 3-kDa permeate fraction inhibited renin by 40% (±1.79%). The LYS < 10-kDa fraction inhibited PAF-AH by 39% (±4.34%), and the SA < 3-kDa fraction inhibited DPP-IV by 45% (±1.24%). The MUC < 3-kDa fraction had an ABTS-inhibition antioxidant activity of 150 (±24.79) µM trolox equivalent and the LYS < 10-kDa fraction inhibited 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) by 54% (±1.62%). Moreover, over 190 peptide-sequences were identified from the bioactive GEP fractions. The findings of the present study indicate that GEP are a significant source of bioactive peptides which may influence gut function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi A Dave
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
- Teagasc, The Irish Agricultural and Food Development Authority, Food BioSciences Department, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
| | - Maria Hayes
- Teagasc, The Irish Agricultural and Food Development Authority, Food BioSciences Department, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquı́mica y Tecnologı́a de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia 46002, Spain.
| | - Carlos A Montoya
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Paul J Moughan
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Shane M Rutherfurd
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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16
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Yoshikawa M. Bioactive peptides derived from natural proteins with respect to diversity of their receptors and physiological effects. Peptides 2015; 72:208-25. [PMID: 26297549 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have found various bioactive peptides derived from animal and plant proteins, which interact with receptors for endogenous bioactive peptides such as opioids, neurotensin, complements C3a and C5a, oxytocin, and formyl peptides etc. Among them, rubiscolin, a δ opioid peptide derived from plant RuBisCO, showed memory-consolidating, anxiolytic-like, and food intake-modulating effects. Soymorphin, a μ opioid peptide derived from β-conglycinin showed anxiolytic-like, anorexigenic, hypoglycemic, and hypotriglyceridemic effects. β-Lactotensin derived from β-lactoglobulin, the first natural ligand for the NTS2 receptor, showed memory-consolidating, anxiolytic-like, and hypocholesterolemic effects. Weak agonist peptides for the complements C3a and C5a receptors were released from many proteins and exerted various central effects. Peptides showing anxiolytic-like antihypertensive and anti-alopecia effects via different types of receptors such as OT, FPR and AT2 were also obtained. Based on these study, new functions and post-receptor mechanisms of receptor commom to endogenous and exogenous bioactive peptides have been clarified.
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17
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Yamamoto Y, Mizushige T, Mori Y, Shimmura Y, Fukutomi R, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Antidepressant-like effect of food-derived pyroglutamyl peptides in mice. Neuropeptides 2015; 51:25-9. [PMID: 25957094 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The N-terminal glutamine residue, exposed by enzymatic cleavage of precursor proteins, is known to be modified to a pyroglutamyl residue with a cyclic structure in not only endogenous but also food-derived peptides. We investigated the effects of wheat-derived pyroglutamyl peptides on emotional behaviors. Pyroglutamyl leucine (pyroGlu-Leu, pEL) and pyroglutamyl glutaminyl leucine (pyroGlu-Gln-Leu, pEQL) exhibited antidepressant-like activity in the tail suspension and forced swim tests in mice. pEQL exhibited more potent antidepressant-like activity than pEL after i.p. and i.c.v. administration. pEQL exhibited antidepressant-like activity at a lower dose than Gln-Gln-Leu, suggesting that pyroglutamyl peptide had more potent activity. To examine whether pyroglutamyl peptides increased hippocampus neurogenesis, associated with the effects of antidepressants, we measured 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. pEL and pEQL increased BrdU-positive cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Intriguingly, pEL did not increase hippocampal mRNA and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is a factor associated with both neuropoietic and antidepressive effects. Thus, pyroglutamyl peptides may enhance hippocampal neurogenesis via a pathway independent of BDNF. We also confirmed that pEL and pEQL were produced in the subtilisin digest of major wheat proteins, glutenin and gliadin, after heat treatment. pEL and pEQL are the first peptides derived from wheat proteins to be shown to exhibit an antidepressant-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yamamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan; Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry, C-PIER, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yukiha Mori
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimmura
- Health Care Research Center, R&D Division, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1 Tsurugaoka, Fujimino City, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Ruuta Fukutomi
- Health Care Research Center, R&D Division, Nisshin Pharma Inc., 5-3-1 Tsurugaoka, Fujimino City, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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18
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Ayabe T, Mizushige T, Ota W, Kawabata F, Hayamizu K, Han L, Tsuji T, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. A novel Alaska pollack-derived peptide, which increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells, lowers the blood glucose level in diabetic mice. Food Funct 2015; 6:2749-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We found that the tryptic digest of Alaska pollack protein (APP) and novel APP-derived peptide exhibited a glucose-lowering effect in KK-Ay mice, a type II diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Ayabe
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Wakana Ota
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | | | | | - Li Han
- Human Life Science R&D Center
- Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Tomoko Tsuji
- Human Life Science R&D Center
- Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
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19
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Yamada A, Mizushige T, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Identification of novel β-lactoglobulin-derived peptides, wheylin-1 and -2, having anxiolytic-like activity in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:353-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Yamada
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry; C-PIER, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
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20
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Mizushige T, Kanegawa N, Yamada A, Ota A, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Aromatic amino acid-leucine dipeptides exhibit anxiolytic-like activity in young mice. Neurosci Lett 2013; 543:126-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Mizushige T, Sawashi Y, Yamada A, Kanamoto R, Ohinata K. Characterization of Tyr‐Leu‐Gly, a novel anxiolytic‐like peptide released from bovine α
S
‐casein. FASEB J 2013; 27:2911-7. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-225474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Mizushige
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Research Unit for Physiological ChemistryCenter for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research (C‐PIER)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yurina Sawashi
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Ayako Yamada
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Ryuhei Kanamoto
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and BiotechnologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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