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Seyedfatemi N, Ahmadzad Asl M, Bahrami R, Haghani H. The effect of the virtual social network-based psycho-education on the hope of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:290-295. [PMID: 33966795 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Psycho-education may have a positive effect on family caregivers of clients with mental disorders, and promote positive psychological states such as hope. The present study aims to investigate the effect of virtual social network-based psycho-education on the hope of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a control and experimental groups. The participants of the study were 72 family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders (36 in each group). Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and Adult Hope Scale before the study, immediately after the end of the training (first post-test), and 4 weeks afterwards (second post-test). The experimental group received psycho-education through Telegram App for four weeks. The results of the demographic questionnaire showed that both groups were homogeneous. The results of the Adult Hope Scale indicated that the mean score of both control and experimental groups were statistically significant and increased in the experimental group (P < 0.001). In addition, the changes of hope score in the experimental group were statistically significant in the first post-test than the pre-test, and in the second post-test than the first post-test and pre-test (P < 0.001). The findings of this study suggested that virtual social network-based psycho-education promotes the hopes of the family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Due to the low cost and fast access of people to virtual networks, the content of this educational program can be widely used for family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiemeh Seyedfatemi
- Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ahmadzad Asl
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Bahrami
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Department of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Rexhaj S, Monteiro S, Golay P, Coloni-Terrapon C, Wenger D, Favrod J. Ensemble programme for early intervention in informal caregivers of psychiatric adult patients: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038781. [PMID: 32737097 PMCID: PMC7394301 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Informal caregivers play a major role in the support and maintenance of community patients with severe psychiatric disorders. A pilot study showed that an individualised brief intervention such as the Ensemble programme leads to significant improvements in psychological health state and optimism. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This randomised controlled trial aims to compare the efficacy of using Ensemble in improving informal caregivers' psychological health states and the ability to play an active role in their situations with that of support as usual. Improvements on the psychological health global index will be measured three times (T0-pre, T1-post and T3 2 months follow) with standardised questionnaires (the Global Severity Index of Brief Inventory Symptoms, the Life Orientation Test-Revised, the 36-item Medical Outcome Study Short-Form Health Survey and the French Zarit Burden Interview). Differences between groups in post-test and pretest values will be examined using an analysis of covariance for each outcome variable. The severity of illness measured by the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale will also be collected at T0 and T2 to compare eventual patient improvements. At the end of the programme, the experiences of the 20 patients participating in the Ensemble programme will be evaluated qualitatively. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research protocol received full authorisation from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Vaud state, Switzerland. The principal paper will concern the results of the experimental design used to test the Ensemble programme. The research team will prioritise open access publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04020497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyhrete Rexhaj
- La Source, School of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HES-SO, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Shadya Monteiro
- La Source, School of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HES-SO, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Golay
- Community Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, CHUV, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland
| | - Claire Coloni-Terrapon
- La Source, School of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HES-SO, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Wenger
- La Source, School of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HES-SO, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Favrod
- La Source, School of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HES-SO, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
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3
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Johansson A, Anderzén-Carlsson A, Ewertzon M. Parents of adult children with long-term mental disorder: Their experiences of the mental health professionals' approach and feelings of alienation - A cross sectional study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2019; 33:129-137. [PMID: 31753218 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to describe how parents of adult children suffering from long-term mental disorder experience the mental health professionals' approach and any feelings of alienation regarding the provision of care. A further aim was to investigate any differences according to the parents' gender or the child's age. 93 mothers and 37 fathers participated. A majority experienced the mental health professionals' approach toward them as being negative and they felt alienated from the professional care. Regardless of the age of the children, parents have a considerable need for a positive approach from the professionals that can enable them to choose how they should act and what they should do, in order to help and support their adult child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Johansson
- Research and Development Centre, Skaraborg Hospital, SE-541 85 Skövde, Sweden.
| | - Agneta Anderzén-Carlsson
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-702 81 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Mats Ewertzon
- Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, P.O. Box 111 89, SE 100 61 Stockholm, Sweden.
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4
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Ewertzon M, Hanson E. Support Interventions for Family Members of Adults with Mental Illness: A Narrative Literature Review. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:768-780. [PMID: 31145025 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1591547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to describe research related to support interventions for adult family members of people with mental illness and the significance that support may have. The results indicate the importance of flexible and individualized forms of support from both professionals and people with personal experience as a family member of someone with mental illness. In many cases, the intervention studies revealed that family members' burden decreased, their knowledge of the disease and treatment increased, and their ability to cope with the situation was improved. The results highlight the importance of support both from professionals and peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Ewertzon
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College , Stockholm , Sweden.,Swedish Family Care Competence Centre , Kalmar , Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Hanson
- Swedish Family Care Competence Centre , Kalmar , Sweden.,Department of Health & Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University , Kalmar , Sweden
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5
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Corry M, Neenan K, Brabyn S, Sheaf G, Smith V. Telephone interventions, delivered by healthcare professionals, for providing education and psychosocial support for informal caregivers of adults with diagnosed illnesses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 5:CD012533. [PMID: 31087641 PMCID: PMC6516056 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012533.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining care for ill persons in the community is heavily dependent on support from unpaid caregivers. Many caregivers, however, find themselves in a caring role for which they are ill prepared and may require professional support. The telephone is an easily accessible method of providing support irrespective of geographical location. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of telephone support interventions, delivered by healthcare professionals, when compared to usual care or non-telephone-based support interventions for providing education and psychosocial support for informal caregivers of people with acute and chronic diagnosed illnesses, and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of telephone interventions in this population. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases from inception to 16 November 2018: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE; Embase; PsycINFO; ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I; and CINAHL Complete. We also searched 11 caregiver-specific websites, three conference links, and two clinical trial registries. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (including cluster-RCTs) and quasi-RCTs. We excluded cross-over trials because of the high risk of carry-over effects from one intervention to another. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently screened citations against the review's inclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the included studies using the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool. The review's prespecified primary (quality of life and burden) and secondary outcomes (skill acquisition, psychological health, knowledge, health status and well-being, family functioning, satisfaction, and economic outcomes), where reported, were assessed at the end of intervention delivery and at short-term (≤ 3 months), medium-term (> 3 to ≤ 6 months) and longer-term time points (> 6 to 12 months) following the intervention. Where possible, meta-analyses were conducted, otherwise results were reported narratively. MAIN RESULTS We included 21 randomised studies involving 1,690 caregivers; 19 studies compared telephone support interventions and usual care, of which 18 contributed data to the analyses. Two studies compared telephone and non-telephone professional support interventions. Caregiver ages ranged from 19 years to 87 years across studies. The majority of participants were female (> 70.53%), with two trials including females only. Most caregivers were family members, educated beyond secondary or high school level or had the equivalent in years of education. All caregivers were based in the community. Overall risk of bias was high for most studies.The results demonstrated that there is probably little or no difference between telephone support interventions and usual care for the primary outcome of quality of life at the end of intervention (SMD -0.02, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.19, 4 studies, 364 caregivers) (moderate-certainty evidence) or burden at the end of intervention (SMD -0.11, 95% CI -0.30 to 0.07, 9 studies, 788 caregivers) (low-certainty evidence). For one study where quality of life at the end of intervention was reported narratively, the findings indicated that a telephone support intervention may result in slightly higher quality of life, compared with usual care. Two further studies on caregiver burden were reported narratively; one reported that telephone support interventions may decrease burden, the other reported no change in the intervention group, compared with usual care.We are uncertain about the effects of telephone support interventions on caregiver depression at the end of intervention (SMD -0.37, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.05, 9 studies, 792 caregivers) due to very low-certainty evidence for this outcome. Depression was reported narratively for three studies. One reported that the intervention may reduce caregiver depression at the end of intervention, but this effect was not sustained at short-term follow-up. The other two studies reported there may be little or no difference between telephone support and usual care for depression at the end of intervention. Six studies measured satisfaction with the intervention but did not report comparative data. All six reported high satisfaction scores with the intervention. No adverse events, including suicide or suicide ideation, were measured or reported by any of the included studies.Our analysis indicated that caregiver anxiety may be slightly reduced (MD -6.0, 95% CI -11.68 to -0.32, 1 study, 61 caregivers) and preparedness to care slightly improved (SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.64, 2 studies, 208 caregivers) at the end of intervention, following telephone-only support interventions compared to usual care. Findings indicated there may be little or no difference between telephone support interventions and usual care for all of the following outcomes at the end of intervention: problem-solving, social activity, caregiver competence, coping, stress, knowledge, physical health, self-efficacy, family functioning, and satisfaction with supports (practical or social). There may also be little or no effect of telephone support interventions for quality of life and burden at short-term follow-up or for burden and depression at medium-term follow-up.Litttle or no difference was found between groups for any of the reported outcomes in studies comparing telephone and non-telephone professional support interventions. We are uncertain as to the effects of telephone support interventions compared to non-telephone support interventions for caregiver burden and depression at the end of intervention. No study reported on quality of life or satisfaction with the intervention and no adverse events were reported or noted in the two studies reporting on this comparison. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although our review indicated slight benefit may exist for telephone support interventions on some outcomes (e.g. anxiety and preparedness to care at the end of intervention), for most outcomes, including the primary outcomes, telephone-only interventions may have little or no effect on caregiver outcomes compared to usual care. The findings of the review were mainly based on studies with overall high risk of bias, and few participants. Further high-quality trials, with larger sample sizes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Corry
- Trinity College DublinSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyDublinIreland
| | - Kathleen Neenan
- Trinity College DublinSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyDublinIreland
| | - Sally Brabyn
- University of YorkDepartment of Health SciencesHeslingtonYorkUKYO10 5DD
| | - Greg Sheaf
- The Library of Trinity College DublinCollege StreetDublinIreland
| | - Valerie Smith
- Trinity College DublinSchool of Nursing and MidwiferyDublinIreland
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6
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Hyun MS, Nam KA, Kim H. Effects of a Brief Empowerment Program for Families of Persons with Mental Illness in South Korea: A Pilot Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:8-14. [PMID: 29847184 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1453000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Families of persons with mental illness (PMIs) are considered important resources for PMIs rather than as contributors to their mental illness. However, these families experience not only the burden of caregiving but also social stigma and discrimination in various aspects of their lives, and their psychosocial needs tend to be overlooked. This was a pilot study to explore the effects of a brief empowerment program on the empowerment and quality of life of families of PMIs in South Korea. A repeated-measures design with a control group and pre/post-follow-up testing was used. We enrolled 18 participants (experimental group = 9, control group = 9). The experimental group participated in an empowerment program consisting of four sessions over 4 weeks. Data were collected before and after the program, and again 4 weeks later. The χ2-test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-test, and repeated-measures analysis of covariance were used, as appropriate, to analyze data. The program significantly increased empowerment (F = 4.66, p = .020) and quality of life (F = 5.83, p = .009) among participants in the experimental group over time. Its therapeutic features, such as sharing their experiences, discussion, and presentations, can be applied to create effective psychosocial interventions for families of PMIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Sun Hyun
- a Ajou University College of Nursing , Institute of Nursing Science , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Kyoung A Nam
- b Hallym University Division of Nursing , Research Institute of Nursing Science , Chuncheon , South Korea
| | - Hyunlye Kim
- c Chosun University Department of Nursing , School of Medicine , Gwangju , South Korea
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Skärsäter I, Keogh B, Doyle L, Ellilä H, Jormfeldt H, Lahti M, Higgins A, Meade O, Sitvast J, Stickley T, Kilkku N. Advancing the knowledge, skills and attitudes of mental health nurses working with families and caregivers: A critical review of the literature. Nurse Educ Pract 2018; 32:138-146. [PMID: 30007849 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Involving and supporting the family members and caregivers of people with mental illness is essential to high-quality mental health services. However, literature suggests that there is a lack of engagement between family members and mental health nurses (MHNs). Lack of knowledge among MHNs is often cited as one of the main reasons for this lack of engagement. The aim of this review was to explore the knowledge, skills and attitudes that are required by MHNs to enable to them to work more effectively with families affected by mental illness. A literature based critical review was used to access and review 35 papers in order to extract concepts that could inform the design of eLearning materials to assist MHNs advance their knowledge in this area. Two overarching themes were identified; 'Mental health problems and the family' and 'Working with the family'. From these themes, the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to work more effectively with families are described. The findings from this review provide a descriptive account of the knowledge skills and attitudes that are required for effective family work. In addition, the review provides an empirical foundation for education programmes in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Keogh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Doyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Heikki Ellilä
- University of Applied Science Turku, Ruiskatu 8, 20810, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Mari Lahti
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Institute of Mental Health Building, Triumph Road, Innovation Park, UK
| | - Agnes Higgins
- Halmstad University, Box 823, SE 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Oonagh Meade
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Jan Sitvast
- University of Applied Sciences HU, Bolognalaan 101, 3584CJ, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Theodore Stickley
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Institute of Mental Health Building, Triumph Road, Innovation Park, UK
| | - Nina Kilkku
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Kuntokatu 3, 33520, Tampere, Finland
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8
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Salehi A, Ehrlich C, Kendall E, Sav A. Bonding and bridging social capital in the recovery of severe mental illness: a synthesis of qualitative research. J Ment Health 2018; 28:331-339. [DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2018.1466033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Salehi
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Australia,
- The Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia, and
| | - Carolyn Ehrlich
- The Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia, and
| | - Elizabeth Kendall
- The Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia, and
| | - Adem Sav
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia
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9
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Ebrahimi H, Seyedfatemi N, Namdar Areshtanab H, Ranjbar F, Thornicroft G, Whitehead B, Rahmani F. Barriers to Family Caregivers' Coping With Patients With Severe Mental Illness in Iran. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:987-1001. [PMID: 29478404 DOI: 10.1177/1049732318758644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The broad spectrum of problems caused by caring for a patient with mental illness imposes a high burden on family caregivers. This can affect how they cope with their mentally ill family members. Identifying caregivers' experiences of barriers to coping is necessary to develop a program to help them overcome these challenges. This qualitative content analysis study explored barriers impeding family caregivers' ability to cope with their relatives diagnosed with severe mental illness (defined here as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, and bipolar affective disorders). Sixteen family caregivers were recruited using purposive sampling and interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth interview method. Data were analyzed by a conventional content analytic approach. Findings consisted of four major categories: the patient's isolation from everyday life, incomplete recovery, lack of support by the mental health care system, and stigmatization. Findings highlight the necessity of providing support for caregivers by the mental health care delivery service system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ebrahimi
- 1 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Seyedfatemi
- 2 Nursing Care Research Center. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Namdar Areshtanab
- 1 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ranjbar
- 3 Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Farnaz Rahmani
- 1 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Approche pour cibler le soutien auprès des proches aidants de personnes souffrant de troubles psychiatriques sévères. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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11
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Rowaert S, Vandevelde S, Lemmens G, Audenaert K. How family members of mentally ill offenders experience the internment measure and (forensic) psychiatric treatment in Belgium: A qualitative study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2017; 54:76-82. [PMID: 28528986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mentally ill offenders in Belgium can be subjected to mandated care under an "internment measure" if they are viewed as a danger to society. This study investigated how family members of mentally ill offenders experience this internment measure and view the (forensic) psychiatric treatment of their relative. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 relatives and analysed using Nvivo 11. Six different themes emerged: (1) the criminal offence and the internment measure as an additional stigma, (2) ambivalent feelings towards the judicial system, (3) prison is not the right place to be, (4) mental health support as an answer to problems, (5) fight a losing battle, and (6) while there is life there is hope. The experiences of family members indicate the need for improved treatment guidelines that allow earlier compulsory interventions to prevent crime and preferential admission to (forensic) psychiatric facilities rather than prisons. In addition, family members expressed the need for better communication from mental health professionals and the judicial system during the process and greater availability of peer support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rowaert
- Department of Special Needs Education, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Stijn Vandevelde
- Department of Special Needs Education, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Gilbert Lemmens
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Kurt Audenaert
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent University, Belgium.
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12
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Andershed B, Ewertzon M, Johansson A. An isolated involvement in mental health care - experiences of parents of young adults. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:1053-1065. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Andershed
- Faculty of Health, Care and Nursing; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Gjövik Norway
- Department of Palliative Research Centre; Ersta Sköndal University College; Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Anita Johansson
- Research and Development Centre; Skaraborg Hospital; Skövde Sweden
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13
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Corry M, Smith V, Neenan K, Brabyn S. Telephone interventions, delivered by healthcare professionals, for educating and psychosocially supporting informal caregivers of adults with diagnosed illnesses. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Corry
- Trinity College Dublin; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Dublin Ireland
| | - Valerie Smith
- Trinity College Dublin; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Dublin Ireland
| | - Kathleen Neenan
- Trinity College Dublin; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Dublin Ireland
| | - Sally Brabyn
- University of York; Department of Health Sciences; Heslington York UK YO10 5DD
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14
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Rexhaj S, Leclerc C, Bonsack C, Golay P, Favrod J. Feasibility and Accessibility of a Tailored Intervention for Informal Caregivers of People with Severe Psychiatric Disorders: a Pilot Study. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:178. [PMID: 28983262 PMCID: PMC5613087 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of a new tailored intervention for informal caregivers: the Ensemble (Together) program. METHODS An open pre-post within-subject comparison pilot study was conducted. Twenty-one informal caregivers completed the five-session Ensemble program. Two measurement tools were used: The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Life Orientation Scale (LOT-R). RESULTS The results showed that informal caregivers were in need of individual support and were ready to participate in the Ensemble program independent of the patient's diagnosis or stage of illness. The participants were very satisfied, and 95.4% completed the program. The preliminary results also showed that in five sessions, informal caregivers' Global Severity Index measured by the BSI and their optimism about their future (measured by the LOT-R) were significantly improved. CONCLUSION This pilot study provided preliminary results concerning the feasibility and acceptability of the tailored Ensemble program and indicates the need for a randomized trial. The Ensemble program is appropriate for both the acute and chronic phases of disease. Individualized brief and useful interventions for informal caregivers may provide more positive outcomes in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyhrete Rexhaj
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Health Care, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Community Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Nursing Sciences, La Source, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claude Leclerc
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Health Care, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Bonsack
- Community Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Golay
- Community Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Favrod
- Community Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Nursing Sciences, La Source, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Stjernswärd S, Hansson L. Effectiveness and Usability of a Web-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Families Living with Mental Illness. Mindfulness (N Y) 2016; 8:751-764. [PMID: 28515801 PMCID: PMC5408047 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-016-0653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Families living with mental illness express needs of support and experiences of burden that may affect their own health detrimentally and hence also their ability to support the patient. Mindfulness-based interventions have shown beneficial health effects in both clinical and healthy populations. The aim of the current study was to explore the effectiveness and usability of a web-based mindfulness program for families living with mental illness, which was first tested in a feasibility study. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial with an experiment group and a wait-list control group with assessments on primary and secondary outcomes at baseline, post-intervention, and at a 3-month follow-up. Significant positive improvements in mindfulness and self-compassion, and significant decreases in perceived stress and in certain dimensions of caregiver burden were found, with good program usability. Easily accessible mindfulness-based interventions may be useful in addressing caregivers' needs of support and in preventing further ill health in caregivers. Further studies are needed, among others, to further customize interventions and to investigate the cost-effectiveness of such programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Stjernswärd
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Box 157, 221 50 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Hansson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Box 157, 221 50 Lund, Sweden
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“Negotiating partnerships:” parents’ experiences of collaboration in community mental health and substance use services. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1108/add-04-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The importance of collaboration in the mental health field is a well established theoretical principle, but there has so far been less attention to its practical implications from a parents’ perspective. The purpose of this paper is to describe parents’ experiences of collaboration with mental health practitioners.
Design/methodology/approach
This was a qualitative study based on thematic analysis of multi-stage focus group discussions with ten parents of young adults with co-occurring mental health and substance use problems.
Findings
The authors identified three major themes related to family member’s experiences of collaborative practices: negotiating partnerships, incomprehensible services and being the young adult’s advocate.
Research limitations/implications
A potential limitation of this study is that the parents who agreed to take part in this study were all part of the population who really want to be involved in their relative’s care; other family members who did not take part may have different feelings. It would be interesting to interview the siblings and partners of young adults with mental health and substance abuse problems. A last limitation is that only family parents participated in these focus group discussions; it would be interesting to invite service users and practitioners to elicit information about similarities and differences in their experiences of collaborative practices.
Practical implications
This study emphasises that parents should be seen as unique individuals as well as families. Parents are persons in different contexts. This creates different needs in their collaboration with the professionals. Parents want to be invited to contribute with their experiences and knowledge, being a collaborative partner in the service provision, and not a burden for their young adults, or to the professionals.
Social implications
This study emphasises that it may be important to understand the complex situations of each family parent, supporting their loved ones and at the same time living lives of their own. Families are in demanding and stressful situations often over many years. They want to be invited to contribute with their experiences and knowledge, being a collaborative partner in the service provision, and not a burden for their young adults, or to the professionals.
Originality/value
The importance of collaboration is well established in in the mental health field. However, there has been less attention to what collaboration with parents might involve in practice. This paper describes the collaborative experiences of parents of young adults (18-28 years) with co-occurring mental health and substance use problems.
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James N. Family carers' experience of the need for admission of their relative with an intellectual disability to an Assessment and Treatment Unit. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2016; 20:34-54. [PMID: 26113061 DOI: 10.1177/1744629515592073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited research that explores the experiences of family carers of individuals with an intellectual disability requiring admission to a specialist National Health Service Assessment and Treatment Unit. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore family carers' experience in respect of this phenomenon and their relationships with professionals at this time. METHODS Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used. Six family carers (three mothers and three fathers) participated and were interviewed via the use of semi-structured interviews. FINDINGS Five major themes were developed to represent how carers made sense and gave meaning to their experience. They illustrate how this experience had a significant influence on their sense of value and self-identity. It resulted in higher levels of anxiety, stress and uncertainty about the future of their relative and their identity as a carer. Significantly, professionals are identified as having a pivotal role in influencing how carers come to view their sense of self, identity, value and importance. CONCLUSION The admission of their relative was a time of increased vulnerability for carers in respect of maintaining a sense of self-identity. Engaging with services and professionals had a major influence on situating them within the social structure that makes up the formal system of support. This had a pivotal role in influencing and determining how participants identified with their sense of self.
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Valentini J, Ruppert D, Magez J, Stegbauer C, Bramesfeld A, Goetz K. Integrated care in German mental health services as benefit for relatives--a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:48. [PMID: 26921216 PMCID: PMC4769565 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0760-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As mental health services undergo the process of deinstitutionalization, this is resulting in a higher burden of care for relatives. Evidence suggests that interventions for carers have a beneficial impact on their psychological health. A reduction of responsibility for relatives is linked with a significantly improved outcome for the severely mentally ill. The aim of the study was to explore the relatives' experiences with severely mentally ill patients in different integrated care service providers. METHODS Semi-structured focus groups and interviews were conducted with 24 relatives of patients receiving community based integrated care for severe mental illness. The collected data was transcribed and evaluated using qualitative content analysis. A deductive-inductive approach was used in generating thematic categories. RESULTS Four main categories were found related to the structural aspects of the integrated care services and for the experiences of the relatives within these services. Relatives reported that the services offered significant relief and substantial support in daily life. In addition, relatives felt a reduced burden of carer responsibility and therefore that they were provided with more protection and stability. This resulted in a sense of encouragement and not feeling left alone to face challenges. CONCLUSION Relatives are a critical resource for patients suffering from mental health problems and benefit from formal structures and interventions to support them in carer role. An important need is to ensure continuity of care for patients and the bridging of gaps concerning information and support needs for relatives when providing integrated mental health services in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Valentini
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Ruppert
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Julia Magez
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Constance Stegbauer
- AQUA - Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care, Maschmühlenweg 8-10, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Anke Bramesfeld
- AQUA - Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care, Maschmühlenweg 8-10, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Katja Goetz
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany.
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Hsiao CY, Tsai YF. Factors Associated With the Perception of Family Nursing Practice Among Mental Health Nurses in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2015; 21:508-28. [PMID: 26410853 DOI: 10.1177/1074840715606543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine factors that influenced the perceptions of mental health nurses about involving families in their nursing practice. A sample of 175 Taiwanese mental health nurses who are employed in both inpatient and community settings completed structured questionnaires designed to measure empathy, attitudes about involving families in care, and perceptions of family nursing practice. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlation, t test, one-way ANOVA, and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Positive perceptions of family nursing practice were correlated with more years of clinical experience in mental health, empathy, supportive attitudes toward the importance of family nursing care, and personal experiences with family members with serious illness in need of professional care. These findings may assist in the development of effective educational programs designed to help nurses integrate family nursing knowledge and skills in the care of patients and families experiencing mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Yueh Hsiao
- Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fang Tsai
- Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung City, Taiwan
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Sabanciogullari S, Tel H. Information needs, care difficulties, and coping strategies in families of people with mental illness. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:145-52. [PMID: 25864067 PMCID: PMC4727628 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2015.2.20140713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine information needs, care difficulties, and coping mechanisms of family members of people with mental illness. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the study sample consisted of the families of 134 patients who were treated in the Psychiatric Unit of Cumhuriyet University Training and Research Hospital in Sivas, Turkey between January and May 2011. Data was collected by a questionnaire and analysed descriptively, and by chi-square testing. Results: It was determined that 79.1% of family members were knowledgeable of the patients’ illness. It was found that they experienced difficulties in communicating with the patient, and in ensuring drug compliance and anger management and that they used psychological and social coping strategies. Conclusion: Our results indicate that access to medical information on its own is not sufficient for carers of people with mental illness, and the necessity of developing positive attitudes when dealing with the illness and its symptoms. We recommend that nurses and other health professionals offer long term support and consultation programs to family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Sabanciogullari
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Susehri Health High, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey. E-mail:
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Jormfeldt H, Svensson B, Hansson L, Svedberg P. Relatives' experiences of the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation approach: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2014; 9:22918. [PMID: 24717266 PMCID: PMC3982116 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v9.22918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation (BPR) approach is individualized and characterized by being based entirely on the individual's unique needs and preferences in the areas of working, learning, social contacts, and living environment. Relatives of clients in mental health services influence the client's possibilities for recovery by their everyday relationship. Relatives have, however, traditionally had a subordinated role in the care of their mentally ill family member. The perspective of relatives is an important aspect in the development of new approaches to psychiatric rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was thus to describe and explore relatives’ experiences of the BPR approach. Ten relatives of clients in mental health services taking part in the BPR were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis method to explore relatives’ experiences of the BPR intervention in a county in Sweden. The findings from the interviews could be summarized in the theme “To meet the clients’ needs” consisting of three categories: “Dependence on staffs’ competence,” “Responsibility for user involvement,” and “The necessity for coordination between authorities and caregivers.” The findings suggest that relatives may contribute with important information about clients’ needs related to outcome of care. Relatives’ perspectives may be of importance in future development of BPR. Further research about the relatives’ role in psychiatric rehabilitation is needed as well as studies that compare different kinds of psychiatric rehabilitation from the perspective of relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrika Jormfeldt
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden;
| | - Bengt Svensson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Hansson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petra Svedberg
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Jack-Ide IO, Uys LR, Middleton LE. Mental health care policy environment in Rivers State: experiences of mental health nurses providing mental health care services in neuro-psychiatric hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Int J Ment Health Syst 2013; 7:8. [PMID: 23414640 PMCID: PMC3598719 DOI: 10.1186/1752-4458-7-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health services for Rivers State and surrounding States in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria are provided only at the neuropsychiatric Rumuigbo Hospital in Port Harcourt City, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study explored mental health nurses’ experiences of providing mental health services at the hospital in an attempt to understand policy implications, identify difficulties and challenges of delivering mental health care services. Methods A qualitative study using in-depth interview was conducted among 20 mental health nurses working at the neuropsychiatric Rumuigbo Hospital. This was reviewed within the Townsend mental health policy template of context and resources domains. Results A lack of political support and senior position in the Ministry of Health hinders service delivery, the prevalence of institutionalized stigma, a lack of training, and system failure to provide services at all levels of care is hampering service delivery. The inadequate allocation of resources for hospital renovations and equipment is preventing appropriate client care, as does the lack of funding for drugs, the cost of which makes them unaffordable, affecting clients staying on treatment. Conclusion Education and training of mental health care professionals should be given priority to remedy human resource shortage, provide incentives to motivate health professionals for psychiatric practice, and move toward decentralization of care into general health care services. Information should be provided at all levels to overcome the myths surrounding the causes of mental illnesses, to reduce stigma and discrimination of the affected and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izibeloko Omi Jack-Ide
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Mental Health, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa, Nigeria.
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van de Bovenkamp HM, Trappenburg MJ. Comparative review of family-professional communication: what mental health care can learn from oncology and nursing home care. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2012; 21:366-85. [PMID: 22510087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2011.00798.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Because family members take on caring tasks and also suffer as a consequence of the illness of the patient, communication between health-care professionals and family members of the patient is important. This review compares communication practices between these two parties in three different parts of health care: oncology, nursing home care, and mental health care. It shows that there are important differences between sectors. Mental health stands out because contacts between family members and professionals are considered problematic due to the autonomy and confidentiality of the patient. The article explores several explanations for this, and, by comparing the three health sectors, distils lessons to improve the relationship between family members and health-care professionals.
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Challenges of caring for children with mental disorders: Experiences and views of caregivers attending the outpatient clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam - Tanzania. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2012; 6:16. [PMID: 22559084 PMCID: PMC3390284 DOI: 10.1186/1753-2000-6-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that world-wide up to 20 % of children suffer from debilitating mental illness. Mental disorders that pose a significant concern include learning disorders, hyperkinetic disorders (ADHD), depression, psychosis, pervasive development disorders, attachment disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, substance abuse and eating disorders. Living with such children can be very stressful for caregivers in the family. Therefore, determination of challenges of living with these children is important in the process of finding ways to help or support caregivers to provide proper care for their children. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological and emotional, social, and economic challenges that parents or guardians experience when caring for mentally ill children and what they do to address or deal with them. METHODOLOGY A qualitative study design using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions was applied. The study was conducted at the psychiatric unit of Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania. Two focus groups discussions (FGDs) and 8 in-depth interviews were conducted with caregivers who attended the psychiatric clinic with their children. Data analysis was done using content analysis. RESULTS The study revealed psychological and emotional, social, and economic challenges caregivers endure while living with mentally ill children. Psychological and emotional challenges included being stressed by caring tasks and having worries about the present and future life of their children. They had feelings of sadness, and inner pain or bitterness due to the disturbing behaviour of the children. They also experienced some communication problems with their children due to their inability to talk. Social challenges were inadequate social services for their children, stigma, burden of caring task, lack of public awareness of mental illness, lack of social support, and problems with social life. The economic challenges were poverty, child care interfering with various income generating activities in the family, and extra expenses associated with the child's illness. CONCLUSION Caregivers of mentally ill children experience various psychological and emotional, social, and economic challenges. Professional assistance, public awareness of mental illnesses in children, social support by the government, private sector, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are important in addressing these challenges.
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Molinaro M, Solomon P, Mannion E, Cantwell K, Evans AC. Development and Implementation of Family Involvement Standards for Behavioral Health Provider Programs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/15487768.2012.655644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Blomqvist M, Ziegert K. 'Family in the waiting room': a Swedish study of nurses' conceptions of family participation in acute psychiatric inpatient settings. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2011; 20:185-94. [PMID: 21492358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00714.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Family plays an important role in the care provided for patients in all areas of nursing. However, relatively few studies deal with the focus of the present study: the ways that nurses experience family participation in acute psychiatric inpatient settings. Data were collected by interviewing 18 nurses who had experience working in such settings. A phenomenographical approach was used to analyse the interviews. Three descriptive categories were found: family participation as a part of the caring process, barriers to family participation, and nurses' resources in family participation. The findings show that the nurses' conceptions of family participation varied, and that the family was not always a priority in this caring context. The implementation of family participation was often only based on the nurses' own interests and insights. This could mean that family participation differed substantially, depending on which nurse a family encountered, and which unit the patient was admitted at. Finally, nurses had little professional autonomy, and organizational support and education were also lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Blomqvist
- Department of Psychiatry, Central County Hospital, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
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27
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Ewertzon M, Andershed B, Svensson E, Lützén K. Family members' expectation of the psychiatric healthcare professionals' approach towards them. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2011; 18:146-57. [PMID: 21299727 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The importance of involving family members in the care of individuals with schizophrenia or other psychotic illnesses has received increasing attention within psychiatric healthcare services. However, several studies suggest that family members often experience a lack of involvement. Furthermore, research indicates that family members' experience of the professional's approach has bearing on whether they feel involved or not. Thus, the aims of this study were to investigate the level of importance that the family members of individuals with schizophrenia or other psychotic illnesses ascribe to the professionals' approach, the level of agreement between their experiences and what they consider as important, and aspects they consider to be important with regards to contact with professionals. Seventy family members from various parts of Sweden participated. Data were collected by the Family Involvement and Alienation Questionnaire and open-ended questions. The median level and quartiles were used to describe the distribution, and percentage agreement was analysed. Open-ended questions were analysed by qualitative content analysis. The results reveal that the majority of the participants consider Openness, Confirmation, and Cooperation as important aspects of a professional's approach. Continuity emerged as an additional aspect. The results show a low level of agreement between the participants' experience and what they consider as important.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ewertzon
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
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Weimand BM, Hedelin B, Hall-Lord ML, Sällström C. "Left alone with straining but inescapable responsibilities:" relatives' experiences with mental health services. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2011; 32:703-10. [PMID: 21992262 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2011.598606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Relatives of persons with severe mental illness experience burden and straining changes in their lives that put their health at risk. Consequently, they need support from health professionals. The aim of this study was to describe experiences from encounters with mental health services as seen from the point of view of relatives of persons with severe mental illness. A qualitative, explorative study was performed, based on two open-ended questions in a cross-sectional study of relatives' health, burden, and sense of coherence (n = 216). A manifest qualitative content analysis was used to describe the relatives' experiences. The findings show that some relatives had experienced positive encounters with health personnel, but the majority of experiences reported were negative. The encounters can be summarized into one main category: "Left Alone with Straining but Inescapable Responsibilities." Two categories emerged: "Striving for Involvement for the Sake of the Mentally Ill Person," and "Wanting Inclusion for the Sake of Oneself." There is a gap between relatives' needs for support in order to handle their own situation in relation to their mentally ill next of kin, and what they actually receive from the mental health services. The findings suggest that health professionals should collaborate with and support these relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente M Weimand
- Akershus University Hospital, Department of Research and Development, Lørenskog, Norway.
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29
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Ewertzon M, Lützén K, Svensson E, Andershed B. Family members' involvement in psychiatric care: experiences of the healthcare professionals' approach and feeling of alienation. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2010; 17:422-32. [PMID: 20584239 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2009.01539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of family members in psychiatric care is important for the recovery of persons with psychotic disorders and subsequently reduces the burden on the family. Earlier qualitative studies suggest that the participation of family members can be limited by how they experience the professionals' approach, which suggests a connection to the concept of alienation. Thus, the aim of this study was in a national sample investigate family members' experiences of the psychiatric health care professionals' approach. Data were collected by the Family Involvement and Alienation Questionnaire. The median level and quartiles were used to describe the distributions and data were analysed with non-parametric statistical methods. Seventy family members of persons receiving psychiatric care participated in the study. The results indicate that a majority of the participants respond that they have experiencing a negative approach from the professionals, indicating lack of confirmation and cooperation. The results also indicate that a majority of the participants felt powerlessness and social isolation in the care being provided, indicating feelings of alienation. A significant but weak association was found between the family members' experiences of the professionals' approach and their feelings of alienation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ewertzon
- School of Health Care and Social Sciences, Högskolan Dalarna, SE-791 88 Falun, Sweden.
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Robison RR, Ryan ME, Cooper ID. Inquiring Informationists: A Qualitative Exploration of Our Role. EVIDENCE BASED LIBRARY AND INFORMATION PRACTICE 2009; 4:4-16. [PMID: 19750182 DOI: 10.18438/b8t03b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to explore the impact of an informationist program at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Library and to provide a basis for further program assessment. In 2001 the NIH Library began its informationist program, where librarians with training in both biomedicine and information science work alongside researchers. The goal of the program is to facilitate researchers' access to and usage of information resources. METHODS: The researchers used qualitative interviews with key informants to characterize the current informationist services of user groups. Subjects were selected to capture a variety of activities that would show patterns of how the program assists the researchers of various NIH groups. Following the interviews, the authors extracted recurring and significant themes from the subjects' comments. RESULTS: Interview subjects provided their views on the informationists' skills, impact, and team participation. Research results documented that informationists helped find resources, provided instruction, and worked as part of the research team. The NIH groups currently using this service value their informationists' knowledge of library resources and their ability to access information needs quickly. The informationists' skills in finding information save the researchers time, increase the efficiency of the research team, and complement the contributions of other team members. Training by informationists was found useful. Informationist services led to increased self-reported library use, albeit in some cases this use was entirely via the informationist. CONCLUSIONS: Informationists saved researchers time by obtaining requested information, finding esoteric or unfamiliar resources, and providing related training. These activities appeared to be facilitated by the acceptance of the informationist as part of the research team. This exploratory study provides background that should be useful in future, more extensive evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rex R Robison
- National Institutes of Health Library, Bethesda, MD,
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Kartalova-O'Doherty Y, Doherty DT. Coping strategies and styles of family carers of persons with enduring mental illness: a mixed methods analysis. Scand J Caring Sci 2008; 22:19-28. [PMID: 18269419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A qualitative exploratory study investigated the experiences and needs of family carers of persons with enduring mental illness in Ireland. The current mixed-methods secondary study used content analysis and statistical procedures to identify and explore the coping strategies emerging from the original interviews. The majority of family carers reported use of active behavioural coping strategies, sometimes combined with active cognitive or avoidance strategies. The percentage of cares reporting use of active cognitive strategies was the lowest among those whose ill relative lived in their home, and the highest among those whose relative lived independently. Participants with identified active cognitive strategies often reported that their relative was employed or in training. Participants who reported use of avoidance strategies were significantly younger than participants who did not report use of such strategies. The lowest percentage of avoidance strategies was among participants whose ill relative lived independently, whereas the highest was among carers whose relative lived in their home. The findings of this study highlight the importance of a contextual approach to studying coping styles and processes. Further research questions and methodological implications are discussed.
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