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Li C, Yu J, Wang Y, Li X, Li Y, An M, Ni W, Liu K, Hu S. Efficacy of H 2O 2 inactivated bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) type 1 vaccine in mice. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:43. [PMID: 38308297 PMCID: PMC10837870 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an acute febrile infectious disease caused by the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), which has brought huge economic losses to the world's cattle industry. At present, commercial inactivated BVDV vaccines may cause some adverse reactions during use. This study aims to develop a safer and more efficient inactivated BVDV vaccine. METHODS Here, we described the generation and preclinical efficacy of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inactivated BVDV type 1 vaccine in mice, and administered it separately with commercial vaccine (formaldehyde inactivated) in mice to study its efficacy. RESULTS The BVDV type 1 IgG, IFN- γ, IL-4 and neutralizing antibody in the serum of the H2O2 inactivated vaccine group can be maintained in mice for 70 days. The IgG level reached its maximum value of 0.67 on the 42nd day, significantly higher than the commercial formaldehyde inactivated BVDV type 1 vaccine. IFN- γ and IL-4 reached their maximum values on the 28th day after immunization, at 123.16 pg/ml and 143.80 pg/ml, respectively, slightly higher than commercial vaccines, but the effect was not significant. At the same time the BVDV-1 neutralizing antibody titer reached a maximum of 12 Nu on the 42nd day post vaccination. CONCLUSIONS The H2O2 inactivated BVDV vaccine has good safety and immunogenicity, which provides a potential solution for the further development of an efficient and safe BVDV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mingxuan An
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Kaiping Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shengwei Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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2
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Pérez-Díaz JL, Martín-Pérez T, Del Álamo C, Sánchez-García-Casarrubios J, Copa-Patiño JL, Soliveri J, Orellana-Muriana JM, Pérez-Serrano J, Llerena-Aguilar FJ. Optimal Fast Integral Decontamination of Bacillus thuringiensis Aerosols and Fast Disinfection of Contaminated Surfaces. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041021. [PMID: 37110444 PMCID: PMC10143539 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerosolized anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) spores are of extreme health concern and can remain airborne for hours and contaminate all kinds of surfaces, constituting reservoirs from which resuspension is easily produced. The assessment of decontamination techniques must therefore consider both air and surfaces. In the present study, several kinds of disinfecting fogs were experimentally tested against Bacillus thuringiensis spores, which served as a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, both as aerosols released into the air and spread on porous and non-porous surfaces with different positions and orientations. This technology removed Bacillus thuringiensis spores from the air in 20 min with just a 1 min application of fog. The dynamics and characteristics of the fog, related to aerosol and surface interactions, proved to be critical for optimal performance and decontamination. An optimal configuration could provide effective disinfection even on indirectly reached surfaces. In all cases, 8% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) provided a higher disinfection rate than 2% glutaraldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Pérez-Díaz
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Tania Martín-Pérez
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Cristina Del Álamo
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Copa-Patiño
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Juan Soliveri
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Pérez-Serrano
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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3
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Stoufer S, Demokritou M, Buckley D, Teska P, Moore MD. Evaluation of the ability of commercial disinfectants to degrade free nucleic acid commonly targeted using molecular diagnostics. J Hosp Infect 2023; 133:28-37. [PMID: 36565931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an essential tool for rapid detection of pathogens, but is susceptible to cross-contamination by residual nucleic acid, leading to false-positive results. Adequate surface decontamination would help prevent this, but most protocols target infectious microbes rather than free nucleic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of commercial surface disinfectants to degrade different representative classes of nucleic acid. METHODS Commercial surface disinfectants with various active ingredients, as well as 10% chlorine bleach, were tested. Nucleic acid was dried on to stainless steel coupons and treated with disinfectant for 0-4 min prior to neutralization and quantification by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The effective disinfectants were also evaluated in the presence of organic load. RESULTS Only dilute chlorine bleach and the hypochlorite-based commercial disinfectant significantly degraded any type of free nucleic acid. Hydrogen-peroxide- and quaternary-ammonium-based disinfectants gave <1 log reduction after 4 min for all targets. Results were time-dependent for each target, which underscores the importance of adequate contact time. Organic load appeared to have little impact on the efficacy of hypochlorite-based disinfectants for nucleic acid degradation. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the importance of proper selection and application of disinfectant to remove residual nucleic acid when processing samples for molecular diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stoufer
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
| | - M Demokritou
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - P Teska
- Diversey Inc., Fort Mill, SC, USA
| | - M D Moore
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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4
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Henriques TM, Rito B, Proença DN, Morais PV. Application of an Ultrasonic Nebulizer Closet in the Disinfection of Textiles and Footwear. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10472. [PMID: 36078188 PMCID: PMC9518335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the importance of disinfection processes in health safety. Textiles and footwear have been identified as vectors for spreading infections. Therefore, their disinfection can be crucial to controlling pathogens' dissemination. The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial disinfectant aerosolized by an ultrasonic nebulizer closet as an effective method for disinfecting textiles and footwear. The disinfection was evaluated in three steps: suspension tests; nebulization in a 0.08 m3 closet; nebulization in the upscaled 0.58 m3 closet. The disinfection process of textiles and footwear was followed by the use of bacteriophages, bacterial spores, and bacterial cells. The disinfection in the 0.58 m3 closet was efficient for textiles (4 log reduction) when bacteriophage Lambda, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis were used. The footwear disinfection was achieved (4 log reduction) in the 0.08 m3 closet for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Disinfection in an ultrasonic nebulization closet has advantages such as being quick, not wetting, being efficient on porous surfaces, and is performed at room temperature. Ultrasonic nebulization disinfection in a closet proves to be useful in clothing and footwear stores to prevent pathogen transmission by the items' widespread handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M. Henriques
- UCCCB—University of Coimbra Bacteria Culture Collection, Department of Life Science, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- IATV—Instituto do Ambiente Tecnologia e Vida, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Rito
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Department of Life Sciences, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo N. Proença
- UCCCB—University of Coimbra Bacteria Culture Collection, Department of Life Science, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Department of Life Sciences, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula V. Morais
- UCCCB—University of Coimbra Bacteria Culture Collection, Department of Life Science, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Department of Life Sciences, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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5
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Lepeytre C, Frances F, Charvolin MS, Ludwig A, Le Toquin E, Comoy E, Grandjean A, Gossard A. Colloidal gel as an efficient process to treat Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) and prion contaminated solid surfaces. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Wood JP, Adrion AC. Review of Decontamination Techniques for the Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Other Spore-Forming Bacteria Associated with Building or Outdoor Materials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4045-4062. [PMID: 30901213 PMCID: PMC6547374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the intentional release of Bacillus anthracis spores through the U.S. Postal Service in the fall of 2001, research and development related to decontamination for this biological agent have increased substantially. This review synthesizes the advances made relative to B. anthracis spore decontamination science and technology since approximately 2002, referencing the open scientific literature and publicly available, well-documented scientific reports. In the process of conducting this review, scientific knowledge gaps have also been identified. This review focuses primarily on techniques that are commercially available and that could potentially be used in the large-scale decontamination of buildings and other structures, as well as outdoor environments. Since 2002, the body of scientific data related to decontamination and microbial sterilization has grown substantially, especially in terms of quantifying decontamination efficacy as a function of several factors. Specifically, progress has been made in understanding how decontaminant chemistry, the materials the microorganisms are associated with, environmental factors, and microbiological methods quantitatively impact spore inactivation. While advancement has been made in the past 15 years to further the state of the science in the inactivation of bacterial spores in a decontamination scenario, further research is warranted to close the scientific gaps that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P. Wood
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Offce of Research and Development, National Homeland Security Research Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina United States
- Corresponding Author: Phone: (919) 541-5029;
| | - Alden Charles Adrion
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Offce of Research and Development, National Homeland Security Research Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Postdoctoral Fellow, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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7
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Mendes-Oliveira G, Jensen JL, Keener KM, Campanella OH. Modeling the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores during cold plasma sterilization. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Yousefzadeh S, Matin AR, Ahmadi E, Sabeti Z, Alimohammadi M, Aslani H, Nabizadeh R. Response surface methodology as a tool for modeling and optimization of Bacillus subtilis spores inactivation by UV/ nano-Fe 0 process for safe water production. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:334-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Bhojani G, Binod Kumar S, Kumar Saha N, Haldar S. Membrane biofouling by chlorine resistant Bacillus spp.: effect of feedwater chlorination on bacteria and membrane biofouling. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:426-439. [PMID: 29726272 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1461213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bacteria isolated from a lake were characterised for their chlorine resistivity and the effects of chlorination on growth, mortality, protein expression and attachment propensity towards membranes. Biofouling and membrane performance were analysed. All isolated chlorine resistant strains, characterised by 16s rRNA gene sequencing, belonged to the genus Bacillus. Chlorination caused limited effects on bacterial growth and mortality. B. safensis and B. lechinoformis suffered the maximum effects due to chlorination. Live-to-dead ratios immediately after chlorination were above 1.3, with some exceptions. The membrane pure water flux recovery was highly strain dependent. Irreversible membrane fouling was observed with B. aquimaris. Membrane flux decreased substantially during ultrafiltration of water containing chlorine resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Bhojani
- c Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , Bhavnagar , India
| | - Sweta Binod Kumar
- c Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , Bhavnagar , India
| | - Nirmal Kumar Saha
- a Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , Bhavnagar , India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- b Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , Bhavnagar , India
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10
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Poore EA, Slifka DK, Raué HP, Thomas A, Hammarlund E, Quintel BK, Torrey LL, Slifka AM, Richner JM, Dubois ME, Johnson LP, Diamond MS, Slifka MK, Amanna IJ. Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine. Vaccine 2016; 35:283-292. [PMID: 27919629 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-transmitted pathogen with a wide geographical range that can lead to long-term disability and death in some cases. Despite the public health risk posed by WNV, including an estimated 3 million infections in the United States alone, no vaccine is available for use in humans. Here, we present a scaled manufacturing approach for production of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated whole virion WNV vaccine, termed HydroVax-001WNV. Vaccination resulted in robust virus-specific neutralizing antibody responses and protection against WNV-associated mortality in mice or viremia in rhesus macaques (RM). A GLP-compliant toxicology study performed in rats demonstrated an excellent safety profile with clinical findings limited to minor and transient irritation at the injection site. An in vitro relative potency (IVRP) assay was developed and shown to correlate with in vivo responses following forced degradation studies. Long-term in vivo potency comparisons between the intended storage condition (2-8°C) and a thermally stressed condition (40±2°C) demonstrated no loss in vaccine efficacy or protective immunity over a 6-month span of time. Together, the positive pre-clinical findings regarding immunogenicity, safety, and stability indicate that HydroVax-001WNV is a promising vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hans-Peter Raué
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Archana Thomas
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Erika Hammarlund
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | - Justin M Richner
- Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Najít Technologies, Inc, Beaverton, OR, USA; Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
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11
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Majed R, Faille C, Kallassy M, Gohar M. Bacillus cereus Biofilms-Same, Only Different. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1054. [PMID: 27458448 PMCID: PMC4935679 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus displays a high diversity of lifestyles and ecological niches and include beneficial as well as pathogenic strains. These strains are widespread in the environment, are found on inert as well as on living surfaces and contaminate persistently the production lines of the food industry. Biofilms are suspected to play a key role in this ubiquitous distribution and in this persistency. Indeed, B. cereus produces a variety of biofilms which differ in their architecture and mechanism of formation, possibly reflecting an adaptation to various environments. Depending on the strain, B. cereus has the ability to grow as immersed or floating biofilms, and to secrete within the biofilm a vast array of metabolites, surfactants, bacteriocins, enzymes, and toxins, all compounds susceptible to act on the biofilm itself and/or on its environment. Within the biofilm, B. cereus exists in different physiological states and is able to generate highly resistant and adhesive spores, which themselves will increase the resistance of the bacterium to antimicrobials or to cleaning procedures. Current researches show that, despite similarities with the regulation processes and effector molecules involved in the initiation and maturation of the extensively studied Bacillus subtilis biofilm, important differences exists between the two species. The present review summarizes the up to date knowledge on biofilms produced by B. cereus and by two closely related pathogens, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus anthracis. Economic issues caused by B. cereus biofilms and management strategies implemented to control these biofilms are included in this review, which also discuss the ecological and functional roles of biofilms in the lifecycle of these bacterial species and explore future developments in this important research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racha Majed
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France; Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Alimentaire, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Université Saint-JosephBeirut, Lebanon
| | - Christine Faille
- UMR UMET: Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Lille Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Mireille Kallassy
- Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Alimentaire, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Université Saint-Joseph Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michel Gohar
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France; Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Alimentaire, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Université Saint-JosephBeirut, Lebanon
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12
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Zhou W, Orr MW, Lee VT, Zachariah MR. Synergistic effects of ultrafast heating and gaseous chlorine on the neutralization of bacterial spores. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Thyparambil AA, Wei Y, Latour RA. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surfactants and Denaturants to Elute and Denature Adsorbed Protein on Different Surface Chemistries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11814-11824. [PMID: 26449787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The elution and/or denaturation of proteins from material surfaces by chemical excipients such as surfactants and denaturants is important for numerous applications including medical implant reprocessing, bioanalyses, and biodefense. The objective of this study was to develop and apply methods to quantitatively assess how surface chemistry and adsorption conditions influence the effectiveness of three commonly used surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, n-octyl-β-d-glucoside, and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate) and two denaturants (guanidium hydrochloride and urea) to elute protein (hen egg white lysozyme and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A) from three different surface chemistries (silica glass, poly(methyl methacrylate), and high-density polyethylene). The structure and bioactivity of residual protein on the surface following elution were characterized using circular dichroism spectropolarimetry and enzyme assays to assess the extent of protein denaturation. Our results indicate that the denaturants were generally more effective than the surfactants in removing the adsorbed proteins from each type of surface. Also, the denaturing capacity of these excipients on the residual proteins on the surfaces was distinctly different from their influence on the proteins in solution and was unique for each of the adsorption conditions. Taken altogether, these results reveal that the effectiveness of surfactants and denaturants to elute and denature adsorbed protein is significantly influenced by surface chemistry and the conditions from which the protein was adsorbed. These results provide a basis for the selection, design, and further development of chemical agents for protein elution and surface decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aby A Thyparambil
- Department of Bioengineering, 501 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Yang Wei
- Department of Bioengineering, 501 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Robert A Latour
- Department of Bioengineering, 501 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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14
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Ozdemir Y, Polat Z, Ozkan M, Kosti RI. Effects of Selected Bio-Fungicide and Fungicide Treatments on Shelf Life and Quality Characteristics of Romaine Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa
L.). J FOOD QUALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Ozdemir
- Department of Food Technology, Ataturk Central Horticultural Research Institute; 77102 Yalova Turkey
| | - Zuhtu Polat
- Department of Plant Protection; Ataturk Central Horticultural Research Institute; Yalova Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozkan
- Department of Microbiology; Tekirdag Food Control Laboratory; Tekirdag Turkey
| | - Rena I. Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly; Karditsa Greece
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15
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Chau NPT, Chung NH, Jeon JG. Relationships between the antibacterial activity of sodium hypochlorite and treatment time and biofilm age in earlyEnterococcus faecalisbiofilms. Int Endod J 2014; 48:782-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. P. T. Chau
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience; BK21 Plus Program; School of Dentistry; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - N. H. Chung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience; BK21 Plus Program; School of Dentistry; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - J. G. Jeon
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience; BK21 Plus Program; School of Dentistry; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
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16
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Development of a new hydrogen peroxide–based vaccine platform. Nat Med 2012; 18:974-9. [PMID: 22635006 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Safe and effective vaccines are crucial for maintaining public health and reducing the global burden of infectious disease. Here we introduce a new vaccine platform that uses hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) to inactivate viruses for vaccine production. H(2)O(2) rapidly inactivates both RNA and DNA viruses with minimal damage to antigenic structure or immunogenicity and is a highly effective method when compared with conventional vaccine inactivation approaches such as formaldehyde or β-propiolactone. Mice immunized with H(2)O(2)-inactivated lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) generated cytolytic, multifunctional virus-specific CD8(+) T cells that conferred protection against chronic LCMV infection. Likewise, mice vaccinated with H(2)O(2)-inactivated vaccinia virus or H(2)O(2)-inactivated West Nile virus showed high virus-specific neutralizing antibody titers and were fully protected against lethal challenge. Together, these studies demonstrate that H(2)O(2)-based vaccines are highly immunogenic, provide protection against a range of viral pathogens in mice and represent a promising new approach to future vaccine development.
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17
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Grand I, Bellon-Fontaine MN, Herry JM, Hilaire D, Moriconi FX, Naïtali M. The resistance of Bacillus atrophaeus spores to the bactericidal activity of peracetic acid is influenced by both the nature of the solid substrates and the mode of contamination. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:1706-14. [PMID: 20618887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the impact of the mode of contamination in relation with the nature of solid substrates on the resistance of spores of Bacillus atrophaeus -selected as surrogates of Bacillus anthracis- to a disinfectant, peracetic acid. METHODS AND RESULTS Six materials confronted in urban and military environments were selected for their different structural and physicochemical properties. In parallel, two modes of contamination were examined, i.e. deposition and immersion. Deposition was used to simulate contamination by an aerosol and immersion by an extended contact with liquids. A pronounced difference in the biocontamination levels and spatial organization of spores was observed depending on the mode of contamination and the nature of the solid substrate considered, with consequences on decontamination. Contamination by immersion led to lower efficiency of peracetic acid decontamination than contamination by deposition. Infiltration of spores into porous materials after immersion is one reason. In contrast, the deposition mode aggregates cells at the surface of materials, explaining the similar disinfecting behaviour of porous and nonporous substrates when considering this inoculation route. CONCLUSIONS The inoculation route was shown to be as influential a parameter as material characteristics (porosity and wettability) for decontamination efficacy. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These results provide comparative information for the decontamination of B. atrophaeus spores in function of the mode of contamination and the nature of solid substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Grand
- AgroParisTech, UMR 1319 Micalis, Equipe B2HM, Massy, France
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Four superoxide dismutases contribute to Bacillus anthracis virulence and provide spores with redundant protection from oxidative stress. Infect Immun 2008; 77:274-85. [PMID: 18955476 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00515-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus anthracis genome encodes four superoxide dismutases (SODs), enzymes capable of detoxifying oxygen radicals. That two of these SODs, SOD15 and SODA1, are present in the outermost layers of the B. anthracis spore is indicated by previous proteomic analyses of the exosporium. Given the requirement that spores must survive interactions with reactive oxygen species generated by cells such as macrophages during infection, we hypothesized that SOD15 and SODA1 protect the spore from oxidative stress and contribute to the pathogenicity of B. anthracis. To test these theories, we constructed a double-knockout (Delta sod15 Delta sodA1) mutant of B. anthracis Sterne strain 34F2 and assessed its lethality in an A/J mouse intranasal infection model. The 50% lethal dose of the Delta sod15 Delta sodA1 strain was similar to that of the wild type (34F2), but surprisingly, measurable whole-spore SOD activity was greater than that in 34F2. A quadruple-knockout strain (Delta sod15 Delta sodA1 Delta sodC Delta sodA2) was then generated, and as anticipated, spore-associated SOD activity was diminished. Moreover, the quadruple-knockout strain, compared to the wild type, was attenuated more than 40-fold upon intranasal challenge of mice. Spore resistance to exogenously generated oxidative stress and to macrophage-mediated killing correlated with virulence in A/J mice. Allelic exchange that restored sod15 and sodA1 to their wild-type state restored wild-type characteristics. We conclude that SOD molecules within the spore afford B. anthracis protection against oxidative stress and enhance the pathogenicity of B. anthracis in the lung. We also surmise that the presence of four SOD alleles within the genome provides functional redundancy for this key enzyme.
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