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Salvagno M, Sterchele ED, Zaccarelli M, Mrakic-Sposta S, Welsby IJ, Balestra C, Taccone FS. Oxidative Stress and Cerebral Vascular Tone: The Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3007. [PMID: 38474253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain's unique characteristics make it exceptionally susceptible to oxidative stress, which arises from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. This review explores the factors contributing to the brain's vascular tone's vulnerability in the presence of oxidative damage, which can be of clinical interest in critically ill patients or those presenting acute brain injuries. The brain's high metabolic rate and inefficient electron transport chain in mitochondria lead to significant ROS generation. Moreover, non-replicating neuronal cells and low repair capacity increase susceptibility to oxidative insult. ROS can influence cerebral vascular tone and permeability, potentially impacting cerebral autoregulation. Different ROS species, including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, exhibit vasodilatory or vasoconstrictive effects on cerebral blood vessels. RNS, particularly NO and peroxynitrite, also exert vasoactive effects. This review further investigates the neuroprotective effects of antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin C, vitamin E, and the glutathione redox system. Various studies suggest that these antioxidants could be used as adjunct therapies to protect the cerebral vascular tone under conditions of high oxidative stress. Nevertheless, more extensive research is required to comprehensively grasp the relationship between oxidative stress and cerebrovascular tone, and explore the potential benefits of antioxidants as adjunctive therapies in critical illnesses and acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Salvagno
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elda Diletta Sterchele
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mario Zaccarelli
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR-IFC), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ian James Welsby
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Costantino Balestra
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), 1050 Elsene, Belgium
- DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Motor Sciences Department, Physical Activity Teaching Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabio Silvio Taccone
- Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Hideko Tatakihara VL, Malvezi AD, Pereira RS, Lucchetti BFC, Dos Santos LF, Cecchini R, Yamauchi LM, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Miranda KM, Verri WA, Martins-Pinge MC, Pinge-Filho P. The Therapeutic Potential of Angeli's Salt in Mitigating Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Mice. Pathogens 2023; 12:1063. [PMID: 37624023 PMCID: PMC10458646 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in Latin America. Infected patients are treated to eliminate the parasite, reduce the cardiomyopathy risk, and interrupt the disease transmission cycle. The World Health Organization recognizes benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox as effective drugs for CD treatment. In the chronic phase, both drugs have low cure rates and serious side effects. T. cruzi infection causes intense tissue inflammation that controls parasite proliferation and CD evolution. Compounds that liberate nitric oxide (NO) (NO donors) have been used as anti-T. cruzi therapeutics. Currently, there is no evidence that nitroxyl (HNO) affects T. cruzi infection outcomes. This study investigated the effects of the HNO donor Angeli's salt (AS) on C57BL/6 mice infected with T. cruzi (Y strain, 5 × 103 trypomastigotes, intraperitoneally). AS reduced the number of parasites in the bloodstream and heart nests and increased the protective antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes in infected animals, reducing disease severity. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that AS treatment reduced parasite uptake and trypomastigote release by macrophages. Taken together, these findings from the murine model and in vitro testing suggest that AS could be a promising therapy for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia Hideko Tatakihara
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Aparecida Donizette Malvezi
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Rito Santo Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Bruno Fernando Cruz Lucchetti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Vale do Araguaia, Barra do Garças 78603-209, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Lucas Felipe Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia e Radicais Livres, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Katrina M. Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Dor, Inflamação, Neuropatia e Câncer, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Vale do Araguaia, Barra do Garças 78603-209, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
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3
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Wallis L, Donovan L, Johnston A, Phillips LC, Lin J, Garland CJ, Dora KA. Tracking endothelium-dependent NO release in pressurized arteries. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1108943. [PMID: 36760530 PMCID: PMC9903068 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1108943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is an early hallmark of cardiovascular disease associated with the reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) resulting in over-constriction of arteries. Despite the clear need to assess NO availability, current techniques do not reliably allow this in intact arteries. Methods: Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to compare two NO-sensitive fluorescent dyes (NO-dyes), Cu2FL2E and DAR-4M AM, in both cell-free chambers and isolated, intact arteries. Intact rat mesenteric arteries were studied using pressure myography or en face imaging to visualize vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) under physiological conditions. Both NO-dyes irreversibly bind NO, so the time course of accumulated fluorescence during basal, EC-agonist (ACh, 1 µM), and NO donor (SNAP, 10 µM) responses were assessed and compared in all experimental conditions. To avoid motion artefact, we introduced the additional step of labelling the arterial elastin with AF-633 hydrazide (AF) and calculated the fluorescence ratio (FR) of NO-dye/elastin over time to provide data as FR/FR0. Results: In cell-free chambers using either Cu2FL2E or DAR-4M AM, the addition of SNAP caused a time-dependent and significant increase in fluorescence compared to baseline. Next, using pressure myography we demonstrate that both Cu2FL2E and DAR-4M AM could be loaded into arterial cells, but found each also labelled the elastin. However, despite the use of different approaches and the clear observation of NO-dye in SMCs or ECs, we were unable to measure increases in fluorescence in response to either ACh or SNAP when cells were loaded with Cu2FL2E. We then turned our attention to DAR-4M AM and observed increases in FR/FR0 following stimulation with either ACh or SNAP. The addition of each agent evoked an accumulating, time-dependent, and statistically significant increase in fluorescence within 30 min compared to time controls. These experiments were repeated in the presence of L-NAME, an NO synthase inhibitor, which blocked the increase in fluorescence on addition of ACh but not to SNAP. Conclusion: These data advance our understanding of vascular function and in the future will potentially allow us to establish whether ECs continuously release NO, even under basal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kim A. Dora
- The Vascular Pharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Miranda KM, Ridnour LA, Cheng RYS, Wink DA, Thomas DD. The Chemical Biology of NO that Regulates Oncogenic Signaling and Metabolism: NOS2 and Its Role in Inflammatory Disease. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:27-45. [PMID: 37824385 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023047302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and the enzyme that synthesizes it, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), have emerged as key players in inflammation and cancer. Expression of NOS2 in tumors has been correlated both with positive outcomes and with poor prognoses. The chemistry of NO is the major determinate to the biological outcome and the concentration of NO, which can range over five orders of magnitude, is critical in determining which pathways are activated. It is the activation of specific oncogenic and immunological mechanisms that shape the outcome. The kinetics of specific reactions determine the mechanisms of action. In this review, the relevant reactions of NO and related species are discussed with respect to these oncogenic and immunological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert Y S Cheng
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Douglas D Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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5
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Kosmachevskaya OV, Nasybullina EI, Pugachenko IS, Novikova NN, Topunov AF. Antiglycation and Antioxidant Effect of Nitroxyl towards Hemoglobin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102007. [PMID: 36290730 PMCID: PMC9599031 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Donors of nitroxyl and nitroxyl anion (HNO/NO−) are considered to be promising pharmacological treatments with a wide range of applications. Remarkable chemical properties allow nitroxyl to function as a classic antioxidant. We assume that HNO/NO− can level down the non-enzymatic glycation of biomolecules. Since erythrocyte hemoglobin (Hb) is highly susceptible to non-enzymatic glycation, we studied the effect of a nitroxyl donor, Angeli’s salt, on Hb modification with methylglyoxal (MG) and organic peroxide―tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH). Nitroxyl dose-dependently decreased the amount of protein carbonyls and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that were formed in the case of Hb incubation with MG. Likewise, nitroxyl effectively protected Hb against oxidative modification with t-BOOH. It slowed down the destruction of heme, formation of carbonyl derivatives and inter-subunit cross-linking. The protective effect of nitroxyl on Hb in this system is primarily associated with nitrosylation of oxidized Hb and reduction of its ferryl form, which lowers the yield of free radical products. We suppose that the dual (antioxidant and antiglycation) effect of nitroxyl makes its application possible as part of an additional treatment strategy for oxidative and carbonyl stress-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Kosmachevskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira I. Nasybullina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor S. Pugachenko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey F. Topunov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-916-157-6367
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Sharma VK, Manoli K, Ma X. Reactivity of nitrogen species with inorganic and organic compounds in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134911. [PMID: 35561761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many studies on the reactive nitrogen species (RNS, ●NO2, ●NO and ●NH2) with pollutants in water have been performed to understand the abatement of inorganic and organic compounds by these species, and the mechanisms of the formation of oxidative transformation products, especially nitrogenous oxidized byproducts. In this review, approaches to generate RNS in aqueous solution is first presented, followed by a summary of their reactivity with a wide range of compounds. The second-order rate constants (k, M-1 s-1) for the reactivity of ●NO2 and ●NO with a wide range of inorganic radical and nonradical species were correlated with thermodynamic one-electron oxidation potentials (E0). The positive correlation between log(k) versus E0 suggests one-electron transfer reactions. The Hammett-type correlations were developed for the reactions of ●NO2 and ●NH2 with organic compounds, using the unsubstituted benzene as a reference molecule (i.e., Σσo,p,m = 0) to calculate Σσo,p,m = σo + σp + σm for each organic molecule. Linear negative correlations of log(k) with Σσo,p,m were obtained for both ●NO2 and ●NH2, suggesting electrophilic substitution mechanism. The correlations presented herein may assist in eliminating organic micropollutants in water treatment and reuse processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Kyriakos Manoli
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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7
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Age- and Hypertension-Related Changes in NOS/NO/sGC-Derived Vasoactive Control of Rat Thoracic Aortae. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7742509. [PMID: 35308173 PMCID: PMC8926472 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7742509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at examining the role of the NOS/NO/sGC signaling pathway in the vasoactive control of the thoracic aorta (TA) from the early to late ontogenetic stages (7 weeks, 20 weeks, and 52 weeks old) of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) were significantly increased in SHRs compared to age-matched WKYs, which was associated with left heart ventricle hypertrophy in all age groups of rats. The plasma urea level was increased in 20-week-old and 52-week-old SHRs compared with WKYs without increasing creatinine and uric acid. The total cholesterol levels were lower in 20-week-old and 52-week-old SHRs than in WKYs, but triglycerides were higher in 7-week-old SHRs. The fructosamine level was increased in 52-week-old SHRs compared with age-matched WKYs and unchanged in other age groups. Superoxide production was increased only in 7-week-old SHRs compared to age-matched WKYs. The endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) of the TA deteriorated in both rat strains during aging; however, endothelial dysfunction already occurred in 20-week-old SHRs and was even more enhanced in 52-week-old rats. Our results also demonstrated increased activity of NOS in 52-week-old WKYs. Moreover, 7-week-old and 52-week-old WKY rats displayed an enhanced residual EDR after L-NMMA (NOS inhibitor) incubation compared with 20-week-old rats. Our results showed that in 7-week-old SHRs, the residual EDR after L-NMMA incubation was increased compared to that in other age groups. The activity of NOS in the TA was comparable in 7-week-old and 20-week-old SHRs, but it was reduced in 52-week-old SHRs compared to younger SHRs and 52-week-old WKYs. Thus, it seems that, in contrast to SHRs, the NOS/NO system in WKYs is probably able to respond to age-related pathologies to maintain endothelial functions and thus optimal BP levels even in later periods of life.
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8
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Genovesi S, Giussani M, Orlando A, Lieti G, Viazzi F, Parati G. Relationship between endothelin and nitric oxide pathways in the onset and maintenance of hypertension in children and adolescents. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:537-545. [PMID: 34085102 PMCID: PMC8921137 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate blood pressure are numerous and complex; one mechanism that plays an important role in this scenario is represented by the balance between the vasoconstrictor effect of endothelin-1 and the vasodilator effect of nitric oxide. While there is agreement on the fact that increased endothelin-1 activity and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability are present in hypertensive adults, the situation is less clear in children and adolescents. Not all studies agree on the finding of an increase in plasma endothelin-1 levels in hypertensive children and adolescents; in addition, the picture is often confused by the concomitant presence of obesity, a condition that stimulates the production of endothelin-1. Furthermore, there is recent evidence that, in younger obese and hypertensive subjects, there is an overproduction of nitric oxide, rather than a reduction. This condition may change over time, causing endothelial dysfunction due to a reduced availability of nitric oxide in hypertensive adolescents. The purpose of this review is to address the main biochemical and pathophysiological aspects of endothelin and nitric oxide involvement in hypertension and to summarize the available scientific evidence on their role in the onset and maintenance of high blood pressure in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Genovesi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Cardiovascular, Neural, and Metabolic Sciences, S Luca Hospital, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Giussani
- grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Department of Cardiovascular, Neural, and Metabolic Sciences, S Luca Hospital, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonina Orlando
- grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Department of Cardiovascular, Neural, and Metabolic Sciences, S Luca Hospital, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Lieti
- grid.7563.70000 0001 2174 1754School of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Viazzi
- grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871Department of Internal Medicine, University of Study and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- grid.7563.70000 0001 2174 1754School of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy ,grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Department of Cardiovascular, Neural, and Metabolic Sciences, S Luca Hospital, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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9
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Kemp-Harper B. Vasoprotective Actions of Nitroxyl (HNO): A Story of Sibling Rivalry. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:S13-S18. [PMID: 34840263 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nitroxyl (HNO), the 1 electron-reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO•), has emerged as a nitrogen oxide with a suite of vasoprotective properties and therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling. Although HNO has garnered much attention due to its cardioprotective actions in heart failure, its ability to modulate vascular function, without the limitations of tolerance development and NO• resistance, is desirable in the treatment of vascular disease. HNO serves as a potent vasodilator and antiaggregatory agent and has an ability to limit vascular inflammation and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, its resistance to scavenging by reactive oxygen species and ability to target distinct vascular signaling pathways (Kv, KATP, and calcitonin gene-related peptide) contribute to its preserved efficacy in hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. In this review, the vasoprotective actions of HNO will be compared with those of NO•, and the therapeutic utility of HNO donors in the treatment of angina, acute cardiovascular emergencies, and chronic vascular disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Abramavicius S, Petersen AG, Renaltan NS, Prat-Duran J, Torregrossa R, Stankevicius E, Whiteman M, Simonsen U. GYY4137 and Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide Relaxations Are Inhibited by L-Cysteine and K V7 Channel Blockers in Rat Small Mesenteric Arteries. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:613989. [PMID: 33841145 PMCID: PMC8032876 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.613989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Donors of H2S may be beneficial in treating cardiovascular diseases where the plasma levels of H2S are decreased. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms involved in relaxation of small arteries induced by GYY4137 [(4-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-yl-sulfanylidene-sulfido-λ5-phosphane;morpholin-4-ium], which is considered a slow-releasing H2S donor. Sulfides were measured by use of 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitro benzoic acid), and small rat mesenteric arteries with internal diameters of 200–250 µm were mounted in microvascular myographs for isometric tension recordings. GYY4137 produced similar low levels of sulfides in the absence and the presence of arteries. In U46619-contracted small mesenteric arteries, GYY4137 (10−6–10–3 M) induced concentration-dependent relaxations, while a synthetic, sulfur-free, GYY4137 did not change the vascular tone. L-cysteine (10−6–10–3 M) induced only small relaxations reaching 24 ± 6% at 10–3 M. Premixing L-cysteine (10–3 M) with Na2S and GYY4137 decreased Na2S relaxation and abolished GYY4137 relaxation, an effect prevented by an nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester). In arteries without endothelium or in the presence of L-NAME, relaxation curves for GYY4137 were rightward shifted. High extracellular K+ concentrations decreased Na2S and abolished GYY4137 relaxation suggesting potassium channel-independent mechanisms are also involved Na2S relaxation while potassium channel activation is pivotal for GYY4137 relaxation in small arteries. Blockers of large-conductance calcium-activated (BKCa) and voltage-gated type 7 (KV7) potassium channels also inhibited GYY4137 relaxations. The present findings suggest that L-cysteine by reaction with Na2S and GYY4137 and formation of sulfides, inhibits relaxations by these compounds. The low rate of release of H2S species from GYY4137 is reflected by the different sensitivity of these relaxations towards high K+ concentration and potassium channel blockers compared with Na2S. The perspective is that the rate of release of sulfides plays an important for the effects of H2S salt vs. donors in small arteries, and hence for a beneficial effect of GYY4137 for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvijus Abramavicius
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Asbjørn G Petersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nirthika S Renaltan
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Judit Prat-Duran
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Edgaras Stankevicius
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Li JC, Velagic A, Qin CX, Li M, Leo CH, Kemp-Harper BK, Ritchie RH, Woodman OL. Diabetes Attenuates the Contribution of Endogenous Nitric Oxide but Not Nitroxyl to Endothelium Dependent Relaxation of Rat Carotid Arteries. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:585740. [PMID: 33716721 PMCID: PMC7944142 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a major risk factor for several of the vascular complications of diabetes, including ischemic stroke. Nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO•), is resistant to scavenging by superoxide, but the role of HNO in diabetes mellitus associated endothelial dysfunction in the carotid artery remains unknown. Aim: To assess how diabetes affects the role of endogenous NO• and HNO in endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat isolated carotid arteries. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) for 2 weeks prior to administration of low dose streptozotocin (STZ; 35 mg/kg i. p./day) for 2 days. The HFD was continued for a further 12 weeks. Sham rats were fed standard chow and administered with citrate vehicle. After 14 weeks total, rats were anesthetized and carotid arteries collected to assess responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh) by myography. The combination of calcium-activated potassium channel blockers, TRAM-34 (1 μmol/L) and apamin (1 μmol/L) was used to assess the contribution of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization to relaxation. The corresponding contribution of NOS-derived nitrogen oxide species to relaxation was assessed using the combination of the NO• synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (200 μmol/L) and the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ (10 μmol/L). Lastly, L-cysteine (3 mmol/L), a selective HNO scavenger, and hydroxocobalamin (HXC; 100 μmol/L), a NO• scavenger, were used to distinguish between NO• and HNO-mediated relaxation. Results: At study end, diabetic rats exhibited significantly retarded body weight gain and elevated blood glucose levels compared to sham rats. The sensitivity and the maximal relaxation response to ACh was significantly impaired in carotid arteries from diabetic rats, indicating endothelial dysfunction. The vasorelaxation evoked by ACh was abolished by L-NAME plus ODQ, but not affected by the apamin plus TRAM-34 combination, indicating that NOS-derived nitrogen oxide species are the predominant endothelium-derived vasodilators in sham and diabetic rat carotid arteries. The maximum relaxation to ACh was significantly decreased by L-cysteine in both sham and diabetic rats, whereas HXC attenuated ACh-induced relaxation only in sham rats, suggesting that diabetes impaired the contribution of NO•, whereas HNO-mediated vasorelaxation remained intact. Conclusion: Both NO• and HNO contribute to endothelium-dependent relaxation in carotid arteries. In diabetes, NO•-mediated relaxation is impaired, whereas HNO-mediated relaxation was preserved. The potential for preserved HNO activity under pathological conditions that are associated with oxidative stress indicates that HNO donors may represent a viable therapeutic approach to the treatment of vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Chendi Li
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anida Velagic
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mandy Li
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chen Huei Leo
- Science, Maths and Technology Cluster, Singapore University of Technology & Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barbara K. Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca H. Ritchie
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen L. Woodman
- Drug, Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Huang YQ, Jin HF, Zhang H, Tang CS, Du JB. Interaction among Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Gasotransmitters in Mammalian Physiology and Pathophysiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1315:205-236. [PMID: 34302694 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were previously considered as toxic gases, but now they are found to be members of mammalian gasotransmitters family. Both H2S and SO2 are endogenously produced in sulfur-containing amino acid metabolic pathway in vivo. The enzymes catalyzing the formation of H2S are mainly CBS, CSE, and 3-MST, and the key enzymes for SO2 production are AAT1 and AAT2. Endogenous NO is produced from L-arginine under catalysis of three isoforms of NOS (eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS). HO-mediated heme catabolism is the main source of endogenous CO. These four gasotransmitters play important physiological and pathophysiological roles in mammalian cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and immune systems. The similarity among these four gasotransmitters can be seen from the same and/or shared signals. With many studies on the biological effects of gasotransmitters on multiple systems, the interaction among H2S and other gasotransmitters has been gradually explored. H2S not only interacts with NO to form nitroxyl (HNO), but also regulates the HO/CO and AAT/SO2 pathways. Here, we review the biosynthesis and metabolism of the gasotransmitters in mammals, as well as the known complicated interactions among H2S and other gasotransmitters (NO, CO, and SO2) and their effects on various aspects of cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology, such as vascular tension, angiogenesis, heart contractility, and cardiac protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Fang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Bao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
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13
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Nie XW, Huang DJ, Sun MT, Bian JS. Role of nitroxyl (HNO) in cardiovascular system: From biochemistry to pharmacology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Six I, Flissi N, Lenglet G, Louvet L, Kamel S, Gallet M, Massy ZA, Liabeuf S. Uremic Toxins and Vascular Dysfunction. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12060404. [PMID: 32570781 PMCID: PMC7354618 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12060404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is an essential element found in many cardiovascular pathologies and in pathologies that have a cardiovascular impact such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Alteration of vasomotricity is due to an imbalance between the production of relaxing and contracting factors. In addition to becoming a determining factor in pathophysiological alterations, vascular dysfunction constitutes the first step in the development of atherosclerosis plaques or vascular calcifications. In patients with CKD, alteration of vasomotricity tends to emerge as being a new, less conventional, risk factor. CKD is characterized by the accumulation of uremic toxins (UTs) such as phosphate, para-cresyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate, and FGF23 and, consequently, the deleterious role of UTs on vascular dysfunction has been explored. This accumulation of UTs is associated with systemic alterations including inflammation, oxidative stress, and the decrease of nitric oxide production. The present review proposes to summarize our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which UTs induce vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Six
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +03-22-82-54-25
| | - Nadia Flissi
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Gaëlle Lenglet
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Loïc Louvet
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Said Kamel
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
- Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Human Biology Center, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Marlène Gallet
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Ziad A. Massy
- Service de Néphrologie et Dialyse, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Universitaire Ambroise Paré, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France;
- INSERM U1018, Equipe 5, CESP (Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations), Université Paris Saclay et Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Liabeuf
- UR 7517 UPJV, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025 Amiens, France; (N.F.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (S.K.); (M.G.); (S.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, Amiens University Hospital, 80025 Amiens, France
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15
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Velagic A, Qin C, Woodman OL, Horowitz JD, Ritchie RH, Kemp-Harper BK. Nitroxyl: A Novel Strategy to Circumvent Diabetes Associated Impairments in Nitric Oxide Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:727. [PMID: 32508651 PMCID: PMC7248192 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased mortality risk due to cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress underlies these complications, leading to an impairment in endogenous nitric oxide (NO•) generation, together with reductions in NO• bioavailability and NO• responsiveness in the vasculature, platelets and myocardium. The latter impairment of responsiveness to NO•, termed NO• resistance, compromises the ability of traditional NO•-based therapeutics to improve hemodynamic status during diabetes-associated cardiovascular emergencies, such as acute myocardial infarction. Whilst a number of agents can ameliorate (e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, perhexiline, statins and insulin) or circumvent (e.g. nitrite and sGC activators) NO• resistance, nitroxyl (HNO) donors offer a novel opportunity to circumvent NO• resistance in diabetes. With a suite of vasoprotective properties and an ability to enhance cardiac inotropic and lusitropic responses, coupled with preserved efficacy in the setting of oxidative stress, HNO donors have intact therapeutic potential in the face of diminished NO• signaling. This review explores the major mechanisms by which hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress drives NO• resistance, and the therapeutic potential of HNO donors to circumvent this to treat cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anida Velagic
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chengxue Qin
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Owen L. Woodman
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John D. Horowitz
- Basil Hetzel Institute, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rebecca H. Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara K. Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Sun HJ, Lee WT, Leng B, Wu ZY, Yang Y, Bian JS. Nitroxyl as a Potential Theranostic in the Cancer Arena. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:331-349. [PMID: 31617376 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: As one-electron reduced molecule of nitric oxide (NO), nitroxyl (HNO) has gained enormous attention because of its novel physiological or pharmacological properties, ranging from cardiovascular protective actions to antitumoricidal effects. Recent Advances: HNO is emerging as a new entity with therapeutic advantages over its redox sibling, NO. The interests in the chemical, pharmacological, and biological characteristics of HNO have broadened our current understanding of its role in physiology and pathophysiology. Critical Issues: In particular, the experimental evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of HNO in tumor pharmacology, such as neuroblastoma, gastrointestinal tumor, ovarian, lung, and breast cancers. Indeed, HNO donors have been demonstrated to attenuate tumor proliferation and angiogenesis. Future Directions: In this review, the generation and detection of HNO are outlined, and the roles of HNO in cancer progression are further discussed. We anticipate that the completion of this review might give novel insights into the roles of HNO in cancer pharmacology and open up a novel field of cancer therapy based on HNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei-Thye Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bin Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
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17
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Kakumanu R, Kemp-Harper BK, Silva A, Kuruppu S, Isbister GK, Hodgson WC. An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20231. [PMID: 31882843 PMCID: PMC6934742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the cardiovascular effects of venoms from seven medically important species of snakes: Australian Eastern Brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Sri Lankan Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), Javanese Russell’s viper (D. siamensis), Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), Uracoan rattlesnake (Crotalus vegrandis), Carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) and Puff adder (Bitis arietans), and identified two distinct patterns of effects: i.e. rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension. P. textilis (5 µg/kg, i.v.) and E. ocellatus (50 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms induced rapid (i.e. within 2 min) cardiovascular collapse in anaesthetised rats. P. textilis (20 mg/kg, i.m.) caused collapse within 10 min. D. russelii (100 µg/kg, i.v.) and D. siamensis (100 µg/kg, i.v.) venoms caused ‘prolonged hypotension’, characterised by a persistent decrease in blood pressure with recovery. D. russelii venom (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, i.m.) also caused prolonged hypotension. A priming dose of P. textilis venom (2 µg/kg, i.v.) prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.), but had no significant effect on subsequent addition of D. russelii venom (1 mg/kg, i.v). Two priming doses (1 µg/kg, i.v.) of E. ocellatus venom prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 µg/kg, i.v.). B. gabonica, C. vegrandis and B. arietans (all at 200 µg/kg, i.v.) induced mild transient hypotension. Artificial respiration prevented D. russelii venom induced prolonged hypotension but not rapid cardiovascular collapse from E. ocellatus venom. D. russelii venom (0.001–1 μg/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50 = 82.2 ± 15.3 ng/ml, Rmax = 91 ± 1%) in pre-contracted mesenteric arteries. In contrast, E. ocellatus venom (1 µg/ml) only produced a maximum relaxant effect of 27 ± 14%, suggesting that rapid cardiovascular collapse is unlikely to be due to peripheral vasodilation. The prevention of rapid cardiovascular collapse, by ‘priming’ doses of venom, supports a role for depletable endogenous mediators in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahini Kakumanu
- Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Anjana Silva
- Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, 50008, Sri Lanka
| | - Sanjaya Kuruppu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Geoffrey K Isbister
- Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,Clinical Toxicology Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Wayne C Hodgson
- Monash Venom Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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18
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Kakumanu R, Kuruppu S, Rash LD, Isbister GK, Hodgson WC, Kemp-Harper BK. D. russelii Venom Mediates Vasodilatation of Resistance Like Arteries via Activation of K v and K Ca Channels. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E197. [PMID: 30939844 PMCID: PMC6520720 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) venom causes a range of clinical effects in humans. Hypotension is an uncommon but severe complication of Russell's viper envenoming. The mechanism(s) responsible for this effect are unclear. In this study, we examined the cardiovascular effects of Sri Lankan D. russelii venom in anaesthetised rats and in isolated mesenteric arteries. D. russelii venom (100 μg/kg, i.v.) caused a 45 ± 8% decrease in blood pressure within 10 min of administration in anaesthetised (100 μg/kg ketamine/xylazine 10:1 ratio, i.p.) rats. Venom (1 ng/mL⁻1 μg/mL) caused concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50 = 145.4 ± 63.6 ng/mL, Rmax = 92 ± 2%) in U46619 pre-contracted rat small mesenteric arteries mounted in a myograph. Vasorelaxant potency of venom was unchanged in the presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (100 µM), or removal of the endothelium. In the presence of high K⁺ (30 mM), the vasorelaxant response to venom was abolished. Similarly, blocking voltage-dependent (Kv: 4-aminopryidine; 1000 µM) and Ca2+-activated (KCa: tetraethylammonium (TEA; 1000 µM); SKCa: apamin (0.1 µM); IKCa: TRAM-34 (1 µM); BKCa; iberiotoxin (0.1 µM)) K⁺ channels markedly attenuated venom-induced relaxation. Responses were unchanged in the presence of the ATP-sensitive K⁺ channel blocker glibenclamide (10 µM), or H1 receptor antagonist, mepyramine (0.1 µM). Venom-induced vasorelaxtion was also markedly decreased in the presence of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) antagonist, RN-1734 (10 µM). In conclusion, D. russelii-venom-induced hypotension in rodents may be due to activation of Kv and KCa channels, leading to vasorelaxation predominantly via an endothelium-independent mechanism. Further investigation is required to identify the toxin(s) responsible for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahini Kakumanu
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Sanjaya Kuruppu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Lachlan D Rash
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey K Isbister
- Clinical Toxicology Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Wayne C Hodgson
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
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19
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Kakumanu R, Hodgson WC, Ravi R, Alagon A, Harris RJ, Brust A, Alewood PF, Kemp-Harper BK, Fry BG. Vampire Venom: Vasodilatory Mechanisms of Vampire Bat ( Desmodus rotundus) Blood Feeding. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11010026. [PMID: 30626071 PMCID: PMC6356263 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals that specialise in blood feeding have particular challenges in obtaining their meal, whereby they impair blood hemostasis by promoting anticoagulation and vasodilation in order to facilitate feeding. These convergent selection pressures have been studied in a number of lineages, ranging from fleas to leeches. However, the vampire bat (Desmondus rotundus) is unstudied in regards to potential vasodilatory mechanisms of their feeding secretions (which are a type of venom). This is despite the intense investigations of their anticoagulant properties which have demonstrated that D. rotundus venom contains strong anticoagulant and proteolytic activities which delay the formation of blood clots and interfere with the blood coagulation cascade. In this study, we identified and tested a compound from D. rotundus venom that is similar in size and amino acid sequence to human calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) which has potent vasodilatory properties. We found that the vampire bat-derived form of CGRP (i.e., vCGRP) selectively caused endothelium-independent relaxation of pre-contracted rat small mesenteric arteries. The vasorelaxant efficacy and potency of vCGRP were similar to that of CGRP, in activating CGRP receptors and Kv channels to relax arteriole smooth muscle, which would facilitate blood meal feeding by promoting continual blood flow. Our results provide, for the first time, a detailed investigation into the identification and function of a vasodilatory peptide found in D. rotundus venom, which provides a basis in understanding the convergent pathways and selectivity of hematophagous venoms. These unique peptides also show excellent drug design and development potential, thus highlighting the social and economic value of venomous animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahini Kakumanu
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Wayne C Hodgson
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Ravina Ravi
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Alejandro Alagon
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico.
| | - Richard J Harris
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Andreas Brust
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Bryan G Fry
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
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20
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Fukuto JM. A recent history of nitroxyl chemistry, pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:135-146. [PMID: 29859009 PMCID: PMC6295406 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the excitement surrounding the discovery of NO as an endogenously generated signalling molecule, a number of other nitrogen oxides were also investigated as possible physiological mediators. Among these was nitroxyl (HNO). Over the past 25 years or so, a significant amount of work by this laboratory and many others has disclosed that HNO possesses unique chemical properties and important pharmacological utility. Indeed, the pharmacological potential for HNO as a treatment for heart failure, among other uses, has garnered this curious molecule a considerable amount of recent attention. This review summarizes the events that led to this recent attention as well as poses important questions that are still to be answered with regards to understanding the chemistry and biology of HNO. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Nitric Oxide 20 Years from the 1998 Nobel Prize. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Fukuto
- Department of ChemistrySonoma State UniversityRohnert ParkCAUSA
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Palanisamy S, Wang YL, Chen YJ, Chen CY, Tsai FT, Liaw WF, Wang YM. In Vitro and in Vivo Imaging of Nitroxyl with Copper Fluorescent Probe in Living Cells and Zebrafish. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102551. [PMID: 30301224 PMCID: PMC6222915 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) plays a critical role in many physiological processes which includes vasorelaxation in heart failure, neuroregulation, and myocardial contractility. Powerful imaging tools are required to obtain information for understanding the mechanisms involved in these in vivo processes. In order to develop a rapid and high sensitive probe for HNO detection in living cells and the zebrafish model organism, 2-((2-(benzothiazole-2yl)benzylidene) amino)benzoic acid (AbTCA) as a ligand, and its corresponding copper(II) complex Cu(II)-AbTCA were synthesized. The reaction results of Cu(II)-AbTCA with Angeli's salt showed that Cu(II)-AbTCA could detect HNO quantitatively in a range of 40⁻360 µM with a detection limit of 9.05 µM. Furthermore, Cu(II)-AbTCA is more selective towards HNO over other biological species including thiols, reactive nitrogen, and reactive oxygen species. Importantly, Cu(II)-AbTCA was successfully applied to detect HNO in living cells and zebrafish. The collective data reveals that Cu(II)-AbTCA could be used as a potential probe for HNO detection in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyadevi Palanisamy
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Liang Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chiao-Yun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Te Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Feng Liaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ming Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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22
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Cuello F, Eaton P. Cysteine-Based Redox Sensing and Its Role in Signaling by Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Kinases in the Cardiovascular System. Annu Rev Physiol 2018; 81:63-87. [PMID: 30216743 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oxidant molecules are produced in biological systems and historically have been considered causal mediators of damage and disease. While oxidants may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease, evidence continues to emerge that shows these species also play important regulatory roles in health. A major mechanism of oxidant sensing and signaling involves their reaction with reactive cysteine thiols within proteins, inducing oxidative posttranslational modifications that can couple to altered function to enable homeostatic regulation. Protein kinase A and protein kinase G are regulated by oxidants in this way, and this review focuses on our molecular-level understanding of these events and their role in regulating cardiovascular physiology during health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Cuello
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Eaton
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom;
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Donoso MV, Mascayano MJ, Poblete IM, Huidobro-Toro JP. Increased ATP and ADO Overflow From Sympathetic Nerve Endings and Mesentery Endothelial Cells Plus Reduced Nitric Oxide Are Involved in Diabetic Neurovascular Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:546. [PMID: 29896104 PMCID: PMC5987002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the mechanism of human diabetic peripheral neuropathy and vascular disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus remains unknown, we assessed whether sympathetic transmitter overflow is altered by this disease and associated to vascular dysfunction. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ)-treatment and compared to vehicle-treated rats. Aliquots of the ex vivo perfused rat arterial mesenteric preparation, denuded of the endothelial layer, were collected to quantify analytically sympathetic nerve co-transmitters overflow secreted by the isolated mesenteries of both groups of rats. Noradrenaline (NA), neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY), and ATP/metabolites were detected before, during, and after electrical field stimulation (EFS, 20 Hz) of the nerve terminals surrounding the mesenteric artery. NA overflow was comparable in both groups; however, basal or EFS-secreted ir-NPY was 26% reduced (p < 0.05) in diabetics. Basal and EFS-evoked ATP and adenosine (ADO) overflow to the arterial mesentery perfusate increased twofold and was longer lasting in diabetics; purine tissue content was 37.8% increased (p < 0.05) in the mesenteries from STZ-treated group of rats. Perfusion of the arterial mesentery vascular territory with 100 μM ATP, 100 nM 2-MeSADP, or 1 μM UTP elicited vasodilator responses of the same magnitude in controls or diabetics, but the increase in luminally accessible NO was 60-70% lower in diabetics (p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration-response curve elicited by two NO donors was displaced downwards (p < 0.01) in diabetic rats. Parallel studies using primary cultures of endothelial cells from the arterial mesentery vasculature revealed that mechanical stimulation induced a rise in extracellular nucleotides, which in the cells from diabetic rats was larger and longer-lasting when comparing the extracellular release of ATP and ADO values to those of vehicle-treated controls. A 5 min challenge with purinergic agonists elicited a cell media NO rise, which was reduced in the endothelial cells from diabetic rats. Present findings provide neurochemical support for the diabetes-induced neuropathy and show that mesenteric endothelial cells alterations in response to mechanical stimulation are compatible with the endothelial dysfunction related to vascular disease progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro
- Laboratorio de Farmacología de Nucleótidos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Centro Desarrollo de Nanociencia y NanoTecnología, CEDENNA, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Oxidant sensor in the cGMP-binding pocket of PKGIα regulates nitroxyl-mediated kinase activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9938. [PMID: 28855531 PMCID: PMC5577323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the mechanisms for endogenous nitroxyl (HNO) production and action being incompletely understood, pharmacological donors show broad therapeutic promise and are in clinical trials. Mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis showed that chemically distinct HNO donors 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate or Angeli’s salt induced disulfides within cGMP-dependent protein kinase I-alpha (PKGIα), an interdisulfide between Cys42 of the two identical subunits of the kinase and a previously unobserved intradisulfide between Cys117 and Cys195 in the high affinity cGMP-binding site. Kinase activity was monitored in cells transfected with wildtype (WT), Cys42Ser or Cys117/195Ser PKGIα that cannot form the inter- or intradisulfide, respectively. HNO enhanced WT kinase activity, an effect significantly attenuated in inter- or intradisulfide-deficient PKGIα. To investigate whether the intradisulfide modulates cGMP binding, real-time imaging was performed in vascular smooth muscle cells expressing a FRET-biosensor comprising the cGMP-binding sites of PKGIα. HNO induced FRET changes similar to those elicited by an increase of cGMP, suggesting that intradisulfide formation is associated with activation of PKGIα. Intradisulfide formation in PKGIα correlated with enhanced HNO-mediated vasorelaxation in mesenteric arteries in vitro and arteriolar dilation in vivo in mice. HNO induces intradisulfide formation in PKGIα, inducing the same effect as cGMP binding, namely kinase activation and thus vasorelaxation.
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Wynne BM, Labazi H, Carneiro ZN, Tostes RC, Webb RC. Angeli's Salt, a nitroxyl anion donor, reverses endothelin-1 mediated vascular dysfunction in murine aorta. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 814:294-301. [PMID: 28830679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitroglycerin (Gtn) is a treatment for cardiovascular patients due to its vasodilatory actions, but induces tolerance when given chronically. A proposed mechanism is the superoxide (O2-)-oxidative stress hypothesis, which suggests that Gtn increases O2- production. Nitric oxide (NO) exists in three different redox states; the protonated, reduced state, nitroxyl anion (HNO) is an emerging candidate in vascular regulation. HNO is resistant to scavenging and of particular interest in conditions where high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exist. We hypothesize that treatment with Gtn will exacerbate endothelin 1 (ET-1) induced vascular dysfunction via an increase in ROS, while treatment with Angeli's Salt (AS), an HNO donor, will not. Aorta from mice were isolated and divided into four groups: vehicle, ET-1 [0.1μM, 1μM], ET-1+Gtn [Gtn 1μM] and ET-1+AS [AS 1μM]. Concentration response curves (CRCs) to acetylcholine (ACh) and phenylephrine (Phe) were performed. Aorta incubated with ET-1 (for 20-22h) exhibited a decreased relaxation response to ACh and an increase in Phe-mediated contraction. Aorta incubated with AS exhibited a reversal in ET-1 induced vascular and endothelial dysfunction. ET-1 increased ROS in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), visualized by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. AS incubated reduced this ROS generation, yet maintained with Gtn treatment. These data suggest that aorta incubated with the HNO donor, AS, can reverse ET-1 mediated vascular dysfunction, which may be through a decrease or prevention of ROS generation. We propose that HNO may be vasoprotective and that HNO donors studied as a therapeutic option where other organic nitrates are contraindicative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi M Wynne
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Emory University, 615 Michael St. Ste 605C, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - Hicham Labazi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, United States.
| | - Zidonia N Carneiro
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Pharmacology Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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Pinkney AMH, Lemmey HAL, Dora KA, Garland CJ. Vasorelaxation to the Nitroxyl Donor Isopropylamine NONOate in Resistance Arteries Does Not Require Perivascular Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide. Hypertension 2017; 70:HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09737. [PMID: 28760938 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) donors offer considerable therapeutic potential for the treatment of hypertension-related cardiovascular disorders, particularly heart failure, as they combine an inotropic action with peripheral vasodilation. Angeli's salt is the only HNO donor whose mechanism has been studied in depth, and recently, Angeli's salt vasodilation was suggested to be indirect and caused by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) released from perivascular nerves after HNO activates TRPA1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1) channels. We investigated resistance artery vasorelaxation to the HNO donor, isopropylamine NONOate (IPA/NO), one of the structures providing a template for therapeutic development. Wire myography in combination with measurements of smooth muscle membrane potential was used to characterize the effect of IPA/NO in mesenteric resistance arteries. Immunohistochemistry was assessed in pressurized arteries. IPA/NO concentration dependently hyperpolarized and relaxed arteries precontracted with the α1-adrenoreceptor agonist, phenylephrine. These effects were blocked by the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) but not by the KATP channel inhibitor, glibenclamide. Vasorelaxation persisted in the presence of raised [K+]o, used to block hyperpolarization, capsaicin to deplete perivascular CGRP, or HC030031 (2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-7H-purin-7-yl)-N-(4 isopropylphenyl) acetamide) to block TRPA1 receptors. Without preconstriction, hyperpolarization to IPA/NO was suppressed by glibenclamide, capsaicin, or HC030031. Hyperpolarization but not vasorelaxation to exogenous CGRP was inhibited with glibenclamide. Thus, vascular hyperpolarization is not necessary for vasorelaxation to the HNO donor IPA/NO, even though both effects are cGMP dependent. The reduced hyperpolarization after depletion of perivascular CGRP or block of TRPA1 receptors indicates some release of CGRP, but this does not contribute to HNO vasorelaxation. Therefore, HNO-TRPA1-CGRP signaling does not seem important for vasodilation to IPA/NO in resistance arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M H Pinkney
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hamish A L Lemmey
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kim A Dora
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Greven J, Pfeifer R, Zhi Q, Pape HC. Update on the role of endothelial cells in trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2017; 44:667-677. [PMID: 28674817 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-017-0812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review gives an overview of physiological processes, mainly regarding vascular endothelial cells and their important role in hemostasis, information processing, and communication during trauma. An insight is given into molecules and cells involved in the first innate immune response through to the behavior of endothelial cells in developing trauma. The goal of this review is to show the overlap of crucial factors related to the endothelium and the development of trauma. METHODS A systemic literature search was performed using Google scholar and PubMed. RESULTS The results of the literature search showed that the endothelium, especially the vascular endothelium, is involved in various cellular and subcellular pathways of activation, suppression, and transfer of information. A variety of molecules and cells are orchestrated, subsequently the endothelium gets in contact with a traumatizing event. CONCLUSION The endothelium is one of the first barriers that comes into contact with exo- and endogenous trauma-related signals and is a pivotal point in activating subsequent pathways and cascades by transfer of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Greven
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstr 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - R Pfeifer
- Department for Traumatology, University of Zürich Medical Center, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Q Zhi
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstr 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - H C Pape
- Department for Traumatology, University of Zürich Medical Center, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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Brito TS, Batista-Lima FJ, de Siqueira RJB, Cosker F, Lahlou S, Magalhães PJC. Endothelium-independent vasodilator effect of 2-nitro-1-phenyl-1-propanol on mesenteric resistance vessels in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 806:52-58. [PMID: 28392466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
2-Nitro-1-phenyl-1-propanol (NPP) is a nitro alcohol with vasodilator activity in the rat aorta. The present study investigated the vasodilator properties of NPP in small vessels of the mesenteric bed, which, contrary to the aorta, contains resistance vessels. Using myography, isometric contractions were recorded in rings of second- and third-order branches from the rat mesenteric artery. NPP relaxed mesenteric ring preparations that were contracted with phenylephrine, U-46619, and KCl (40mM), resulting in significantly different EC50 values (0.41μM [0.31-0.55μM], 0.16μM [0.10-0.24μM], and 4.50μM [1.86-10.81μM], respectively). NPP-induced vasodilation decreased as the extracellular K+ concentration increased. The pharmacological blockade of K+ channels with tetraethylammonium, BaCl2, CsCl, and apamin also blunted NPP-induced vasorelaxation. In contrast, NPP-induced vasodilation was resistant to indomethacin, L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and endothelium removal, indicating that neither prostaglandins nor the endothelial release of nitric oxide is involved in the relaxant effects of NPP. Conversely, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), cis-N-(2-phenylcyclopentyl)-azacyclotridec-1-en-2-amine hydrochloride (MDL-12,330A), and H-89 reduced NPP-induced vasodilation. Under Ca2+-free conditions, NPP did not alter transient contractions that were evoked by caffeine, but it reduced transient contractions that were evoked by phenylephrine. In mesenteric rings that were loaded with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-4 AM and stimulated with phenylephrine, NPP blunted both contractions and fluorescence signals that were related to cytosolic Ca2+ levels. In conclusion, the vasodilatory actions NPP on mesenteric vessel resistance involved the participation of cyclic nucleotides and the opening of K+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresinha S Brito
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Batista-Lima
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo J B de Siqueira
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - François Cosker
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Saad Lahlou
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Pedro J C Magalhães
- Biomedical Institute of the Brazilian Semiarid (INCT-IBISAB-CNPq), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil.
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Tare M, Kalidindi RSR, Bubb KJ, Parkington HC, Boon WM, Li X, Sobey CG, Drummond GR, Ritchie RH, Kemp-Harper BK. Vasoactive actions of nitroxyl (HNO) are preserved in resistance arteries in diabetes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:397-408. [PMID: 28074232 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a major risk factor for the vascular complications of diabetes. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a hallmark of diabetes, reduces the bioavailability of endothelial vasodilators, including nitric oxide (NO·). The vascular endothelium also produces the one electron reduced and protonated form of NO·, nitroxyl (HNO). Unlike NO·, HNO is resistant to scavenging by superoxide anions (·O2─). The fate of HNO in resistance arteries in diabetes is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the vasodilator actions of endogenous and exogenous HNO are preserved in resistance arteries in diabetes. We investigated the actions of HNO in small arteries from the mesenteric and femoral beds as they exhibit marked differences in endothelial vasodilator function following 8 weeks of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus. Vascular reactivity was assessed using wire myography and ·O2─ generation using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. The HNO donor, Angeli's salt, and the NO· donor, DEA/NO, evoked relaxations in both arteries of control rats, and these responses were unaffected by diabetes. Nox2 oxidase expression and ·O2─ generation were upregulated in mesenteric, but unchanged, in femoral arteries of diabetic rats. Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired in mesenteric but not femoral arteries in diabetes. The HNO scavenger, L-cysteine, reduced this endothelium-dependent relaxation to a similar extent in femoral and mesenteric arteries from control and diabetic animals. In conclusion, HNO and NO· contribute to the NO synthase (NOS)-sensitive component of endothelium-dependent relaxation in mesenteric and femoral arteries. The role of HNO is sustained in diabetes, serving to maintain endothelium-dependent relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Tare
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Churchill, VIC, Australia
| | - Rushita S R Kalidindi
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kristen J Bubb
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Helena C Parkington
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wee-Ming Boon
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Xiang Li
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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30
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Coleman HA, Tare M, Parkington HC. Nonlinear effects of potassium channel blockers on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:324-334. [PMID: 27639255 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In a number of published studies on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and relaxation, the results of the effects of K+ blockers have been difficult to interpret. When the effects of two blockers have been studied, often either blocker by itself had little effect, whereas the two blockers combined tended to abolish the responses. Explanations suggested in the literature include an unusual pharmacology of the K+ channels, and possible blocker binding interactions. In contrast, when we applied the same blockers to segments of small blood vessels under voltage clamp, the blockers reduced the endothelium-dependent K+ current in a linearly additive manner. Resolution of these contrasting results is important as endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH) makes its greatest contribution to vasorelaxation in arterioles and small resistance arteries, where it can exert a significant role in tissue perfusion and blood pressure regulation. Furthermore, EDH is impaired in various diseases. Here, we consider why the voltage-clamp results differ from earlier free-running membrane potential and contractility studies. We fitted voltage-clamp-derived current-voltage relationships with mathematical functions and considered theoretically the effects of partial and total block of endothelium-derived K+ -currents on the membrane potential of small blood vessels. When the K+ -conductance was partially reduced, equivalent to applying a single blocker, the effect on EDH was small. Total block of the endothelium-dependent K+ conductance abolished the hyperpolarization, in agreement with various published studies. We conclude that nonlinear summation of the hyperpolarizing response evoked by endothelial stimulation can explain the variable effectiveness of individual K+ channel blockers on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and resulting relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Coleman
- Department of Physiology; Biomedicine Discovery Institute; Cardiovascular Disease Program; Monash University; Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - M. Tare
- Department of Physiology; Biomedicine Discovery Institute; Cardiovascular Disease Program; Monash University; Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - H. C. Parkington
- Department of Physiology; Biomedicine Discovery Institute; Cardiovascular Disease Program; Monash University; Clayton Vic. Australia
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The opposing roles of NO and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2016; 116:57-69. [PMID: 27988384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. A reduction in the bioavailability of endogenous NO, manifest as a decrease in the production and/or impaired signaling, is associated with many cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke and heart failure. There is substantial evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated predominantly from NADPH oxidases (Nox), are responsible for the reduced NO bioavailability in vascular and cardiac pathologies. ROS can compromise NO function via a direct inactivation of NO, together with a reduction in NO synthesis and oxidation of its receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase. Whilst nitrovasodilators are administered to compensate for the ROS-mediated loss in NO bioactivity, their clinical utility is limited due to the development of tolerance and resistance and systemic hypotension. Moreover, efforts to directly scavenge ROS with antioxidants has had limited clinical efficacy. This review outlines the therapeutic utility of NO-based therapeutics in cardiovascular diseases and describes the source and impact of ROS in these pathologies, with particular focus on the interaction with NO. Future therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are highlighted with a focus on nitroxyl (HNO) donors as an alternative to traditional NO donors and the development of novel Nox inhibitors.
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Kahlberg N, Qin CX, Anthonisz J, Jap E, Ng HH, Jelinic M, Parry LJ, Kemp-Harper BK, Ritchie RH, Leo CH. Adverse vascular remodelling is more sensitive than endothelial dysfunction to hyperglycaemia in diabetic rat mesenteric arteries. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:325-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kemp-Harper BK, Horowitz JD, Ritchie RH. Therapeutic Potential of Nitroxyl (HNO) Donors in the Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. Drugs 2016; 76:1337-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-016-0631-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Nitroxyl (HNO) reduces endothelial and monocyte activation and promotes M2 macrophage polarization. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1629-40. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of nitroxyl anion (HNO) donors on factors that precede atherosclerosis was examined. They reduced endothelial cell inflammation and monocyte activation and as such may be an effective treatment for coronary artery disease.
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Wang C, Kemp-Harper BK, Kocan M, Ang SY, Hewitson TD, Samuel CS. The Anti-fibrotic Actions of Relaxin Are Mediated Through a NO-sGC-cGMP-Dependent Pathway in Renal Myofibroblasts In Vitro and Enhanced by the NO Donor, Diethylamine NONOate. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:91. [PMID: 27065874 PMCID: PMC4815292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The anti-fibrotic hormone, relaxin, has been inferred to disrupt transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad2 phosphorylation (pSmad2) signal transduction and promote collagen-degrading gelatinase activity via a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathway. Here, we determined the extent to which NO, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were directly involved in the anti-fibrotic actions of relaxin using a selective NO scavenger and sGC inhibitor, and comparing and combining relaxin's effects with that of an NO donor. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary renal cortical myofibroblasts isolated from injured rat kidneys were treated with human recombinant relaxin (RLX; 16.8 nM), the NO donor, diethylamine NONOate (DEA/NO; 0.5-5 μM) or the combined effects of RLX (16.8 nM) and DEA/NO (5 μM) over 72 h. The effects of RLX (16.8 nM) and DEA/NO (5 μM) were also evaluated in the presence of the NO scavenger, hydroxocobalamin (HXC; 100 μM) or sGC inhibitor, ODQ (5 μM) over 72 h. Furthermore, the effects of RLX (30 nM), DEA/NO (5 μM) and RLX (30 nM) + DEA/NO (5 μM) on cGMP levels were directly measured, in the presence or absence of ODQ (5 μM). Changes in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 (cell media), pSmad2 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; a measure myofibroblast differentiation) (cell layer) were assessed by gelatin zymography and Western blotting, respectively. At the highest concentration tested, both RLX and DEA/NO promoted MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels by 25-33%, while inhibiting pSmad2 and α-SMA expression by up to 50% (all p < 0.05 vs. untreated and vehicle-treated cells). However, 5μM of DEA/NO was required to produce the effects seen with 16.8 nM of RLX over 72 h. The anti-fibrotic effects of RLX or DEA/NO alone were completely abrogated by HXC and ODQ (both p < 0.01 vs. RLX alone or DEA/NO alone), but were significantly enhanced when added in combination (all p < 0.05 vs. RLX alone). Additionally, the direct cGMP-promoting effects of RLX, DEA/NO and RLX+DEA/NO (which all increased cGMP levels by 12-16-fold over basal levels; all p < 0.01 vs. vehicle-treated cells) were significantly inhibited by pre-treatment of ODQ (all p < 0.05 vs. the respective treatments alone). CONCLUSION These findings confirmed that RLX mediates its TGF-β1-inhibitory and gelatinase-promoting effects via a NO-sGC-cGMP-dependent pathway, which was additively augmented by co-administration of DEA/NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Martina Kocan
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville VIC, Australia
| | - Sheng Yu Ang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville VIC, Australia
| | - Tim D Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, ParkvilleVIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia
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HNO/Thiol Biology as a Therapeutic Target. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nitroxyl (HNO): A Reduced Form of Nitric Oxide with Distinct Chemical, Pharmacological, and Therapeutic Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:4867124. [PMID: 26770654 PMCID: PMC4685437 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4867124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron reduced form of nitric oxide (NO), shows a distinct chemical and biological profile from that of NO. HNO is currently being viewed as a vasodilator and positive inotropic agent that can be used as a potential treatment for heart failure. The ability of HNO to react with thiols and thiol containing proteins is largely used to explain the possible biological actions of HNO. Herein, we summarize different aspects related to HNO including HNO donors, chemistry, biology, and methods used for its detection.
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Interaction of Hydrogen Sulfide with Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6904327. [PMID: 26640616 PMCID: PMC4657111 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6904327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Historically acknowledged as toxic gases, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are now recognized as the predominant members of a new family of signaling molecules, “gasotransmitters” in mammals. While H2S is biosynthesized by three constitutively expressed enzymes (CBS, CSE, and 3-MST) from L-cysteine and homocysteine, NO is generated endogenously from L-arginine by the action of various isoforms of NOS. Both gases have been transpired as the key and independent regulators of many physiological functions in mammalian cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and immune systems. The analogy between these two gasotransmitters is evident not only from their paracrine mode of signaling, but also from the identical and/or shared signaling transduction pathways. With the plethora of research in the pathophysiological role of gasotransmitters in various systems, the existence of interplay between these gases is being widely accepted. Chemical interaction between NO and H2S may generate nitroxyl (HNO), which plays a specific effective role within the cardiovascular system. In this review article, we have attempted to provide current understanding of the individual and interactive roles of H2S and NO signaling in mammalian cardiovascular system, focusing particularly on heart contractility, cardioprotection, vascular tone, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress.
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Hamilton K, MacKenzie A. Gender specific generation of nitroxyl (HNO) from rat endothelium. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 71:208-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Subedi H, Brasch NE. Studies on the Reaction of Reduced Vitamin B12Derivatives with the Nitrosyl Hydride (HNO) Donor Angeli's Salt: HNO Oxidizes the Transition-Metal Center of Cob(I)alamin. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nitroxyl: a vasodilator of human vessels that is not susceptible to tolerance. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 129:179-87. [PMID: 25728899 DOI: 10.1042/cs20140759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pre-clinical studies have identified nitroxyl (HNO), the reduced congener of nitric oxide (NO•), as a potent vasodilator which is resistant to tolerance development. The present study explores the efficacy of HNO in human blood vessels and describes, for the first time, a vasodilator for humans that is not susceptible to tolerance. Human radial arteries and saphenous veins were obtained from patients undergoing coronary artery graft surgery and mounted in organ baths. Repeated vasodilator responses to the HNO donor Angeli's salt (AS) and NO• donor glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) were determined. AS- and GTN-induced concentration-dependent vasorelaxation of both human radial arteries (AS pEC50: 6.5 ± 0.2; -log M) and saphenous veins (pEC50: 6.7 ± 0.1) with similar potency. In human radial arteries, GTN-induced relaxation was reduced by the NO• scavenger hydroxocobalamin (HXC; P<0.05) but was unaffected by the HNO scavenger L-cysteine. Alternately, AS was unaffected by HXC but was reduced by L-cysteine (5-fold shift, P<0.05). The sGC (soluble guanylate cyclase) inhibitor ODQ abolished responses to both AS and GTN in arteries and veins (P<0.05). Inhibition of voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv channels) with 4-AP also significantly reduced responses to AS (pEC50: 5.5) and GTN, suggesting that the relaxation to both redox congeners is cGMP- and Kv channel-dependent. Critically, a concentration-dependent development of tolerance to GTN (1 and 10 μM; P<0.05), but not to AS, was observed in both saphenous veins and radial arteries. Like GTN, the HNO donor AS causes vasorelaxation of human blood vessels via activation of a cGMP-dependent pathway. Unlike GTN, however, it does not develop tolerance in human blood vessels.
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Abstract
The loss of contractile function is a hallmark of heart failure. Although increasing intracellular Ca(2+) is a possible strategy for improving contraction, current inotropic agents that achieve this by raising intracellular cAMP levels, such as β-agonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, are generally deleterious when administered as long-term therapy due to arrhythmia and myocardial damage. Nitroxyl donors have been shown to improve cardiac function in normal and failing dogs, and in isolated cardiomyocytes they increase fractional shortening and Ca(2+) transients, independently from cAMP/PKA or cGMP/PKG signaling. Instead, nitroxyl targets cysteines in the EC-coupling machinery and myofilament proteins, reversibly modifying them to enhance Ca(2+) handling and myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity. Phase I-IIa trials with CXL-1020, a novel pure HNO donor, reported declines in left and right heart filling pressures and systemic vascular resistance, and increased cardiac output and stroke volume index. These findings support the concept of nitroxyl donors as attractive agents for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure.
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Hydrogen sulfide and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Molecules 2014; 19:21183-99. [PMID: 25521118 PMCID: PMC6271169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191221183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), synthesized enzymatically from l-cysteine or l-homocysteine, is the third gasotransmitter in mammals. Endogenous H2S is involved in the regulation of many physiological processes, including vascular tone. Although initially it was suggested that in the vascular wall H2S is synthesized only by smooth muscle cells and relaxes them by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels, more recent studies indicate that H2S is synthesized in endothelial cells as well. Endothelial H2S production is stimulated by many factors, including acetylcholine, shear stress, adipose tissue hormone leptin, estrogens and plant flavonoids. In some vascular preparations H2S plays a role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor by activating small and intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Endothelial H2S signaling is up-regulated in some pathologies, such as obesity and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. In addition, H2S activates endothelial NO synthase and inhibits cGMP degradation by phosphodiesterase 5 thus potentiating the effect of NO-cGMP pathway. Moreover, H2S-derived polysulfides directly activate protein kinase G. Finally, H2S interacts with NO to form nitroxyl (HNO)-a potent vasorelaxant. H2S appears to play an important and multidimensional role in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation.
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Zhu G, Groneberg D, Sikka G, Hori D, Ranek MJ, Nakamura T, Takimoto E, Paolocci N, Berkowitz DE, Friebe A, Kass DA. Soluble guanylate cyclase is required for systemic vasodilation but not positive inotropy induced by nitroxyl in the mouse. Hypertension 2014; 65:385-92. [PMID: 25452469 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO), the reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO·), confers unique physiological effects including vasorelaxation and enhanced cardiac contractility. These features have spawned current pharmaceutical development of HNO donors as heart failure therapeutics. HNO interacts with selective redox sensitive cysteines to effect signaling but is also proposed to activate soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) in vitro to induce vasodilation and potentially enhance contractility. Here, we tested whether sGC stimulation is required for these HNO effects in vivo and if HNO also modifies a redox-sensitive cysteine (C42) in protein kinase G-1α to control vasorelaxation. Intact mice and isolated arteries lacking the sGC-β subunit (sGCKO, results in full sGC deficiency) or expressing solely a redox-dead C42S mutant protein kinase G-1α were exposed to the pure HNO donor, CXL-1020. CXL-1020 induced dose-dependent systemic vasodilation while increasing contractility in controls; however, vasodilator effects were absent in sGCKO mice whereas contractility response remained. The CXL-1020 dose reversing 50% of preconstricted force in aortic rings was ≈400-fold greater in sGCKO than controls. Cyclic-GMP and cAMP levels were unaltered in myocardium exposed to CXL-1020, despite its inotropic-vasodilator activity. In protein kinase G-1α(C42S) mice, CXL-1020 induced identical vasorelaxation in vivo and in isolated aortic and mesenteric vessels as in littermate controls. In both groups, dilation was near fully blocked by pharmacologically inhibiting sGC. Thus, sGC and cGMP-dependent signaling are necessary and sufficient for HNO-induced vasodilation in vivo but are not required for positive inotropic action. Redox modulation of protein kinase G-1α is not a mechanism for HNO-mediated vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuo Zhu
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Dieter Groneberg
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Gautam Sikka
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Daijiro Hori
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Mark J Ranek
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Taishi Nakamura
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Dan E Berkowitz
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - Andreas Friebe
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD
| | - David A Kass
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD (G.Z., M.J.R., T.N., E.T., N.P., D.A.K.); Institut of Vegetative Physiology, Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (D.G., A.F.); and Departments of Anesthesia (G.S., D.E.B.) and Surgery (D.H.), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore MD.
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Shao Y, Cheng Z, Li X, Chernaya V, Wang H, Yang XF. Immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory cytokines directly and indirectly inhibit endothelial dysfunction--a novel mechanism for maintaining vascular function. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:80. [PMID: 25387998 PMCID: PMC4236671 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a pathological status of the vascular system, which can be broadly defined as an imbalance between endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Endothelial dysfunction is a key event in the progression of many pathological processes including atherosclerosis, type II diabetes and hypertension. Previous reports have demonstrated that pro-inflammatory/immunoeffector cytokines significantly promote endothelial dysfunction while numerous novel anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines have recently been identified such as interleukin (IL)-35. However, the effects of anti-inflammatory cytokines on endothelial dysfunction have received much less attention. In this analytical review, we focus on the recent progress attained in characterizing the direct and indirect effects of anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines in the inhibition of endothelial dysfunction. Our analyses are not only limited to the importance of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease progression, but also expand into the molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying the inhibition of endothelial dysfunction by anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines. Our review suggests that anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokines serve as novel therapeutic targets for inhibiting endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation and cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Zhongjian Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, MERB 1059, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Machado NT, Maciel PM, Alustau MC, Queiroz TM, Furtado FF, Assis VL, Veras RC, Araújo IG, Athayde-Filho PF, Medeiros IA. Nitric oxide as a target for the hypotensive and vasorelaxing effects induced by (Z)-ethyl 12-nitrooxy-octadec-9-enoate in rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 62:317-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Eberhardt M, Dux M, Namer B, Miljkovic J, Cordasic N, Will C, Kichko TI, de la Roche J, Fischer M, Suárez SA, Bikiel D, Dorsch K, Leffler A, Babes A, Lampert A, Lennerz JK, Jacobi J, Martí MA, Doctorovich F, Högestätt ED, Zygmunt PM, Ivanovic-Burmazovic I, Messlinger K, Reeh P, Filipovic MR. H2S and NO cooperatively regulate vascular tone by activating a neuroendocrine HNO-TRPA1-CGRP signalling pathway. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4381. [PMID: 25023795 PMCID: PMC4104458 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxyl (HNO) is a redox sibling of nitric oxide (NO) that targets distinct signalling pathways with pharmacological endpoints of high significance in the treatment of heart failure. Beneficial HNO effects depend, in part, on its ability to release calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) through an unidentified mechanism. Here we propose that HNO is generated as a result of the reaction of the two gasotransmitters NO and H2S. We show that H2S and NO production colocalizes with transient receptor potential channel A1 (TRPA1), and that HNO activates the sensory chemoreceptor channel TRPA1 via formation of amino-terminal disulphide bonds, which results in sustained calcium influx. As a consequence, CGRP is released, which induces local and systemic vasodilation. H2S-evoked vasodilatatory effects largely depend on NO production and activation of HNO–TRPA1–CGRP pathway. We propose that this neuroendocrine HNO–TRPA1–CGRP signalling pathway constitutes an essential element for the control of vascular tone throughout the cardiovascular system. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) are two gaseous signalling molecules produced in tissues. Here the authors propose that NO and H2S react with each other to form nitroxyl (HNO), which activates the TRPA1 channel in nerve cells and triggers the release of the vasoactive peptide CGRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Eberhardt
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany [2] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [3] Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Dux
- 1] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [2] Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara Namer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Miljkovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nada Cordasic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Will
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tatjana I Kichko
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jeanne de la Roche
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Fischer
- 1] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB1 2PD, UK
| | - Sebastián A Suárez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damian Bikiel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karola Dorsch
- Institute of Pathology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandru Babes
- 1] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [2] Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Angelika Lampert
- 1] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [2]
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Institute of Pathology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Jacobi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcelo A Martí
- 1] Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabio Doctorovich
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edward D Högestätt
- Clinical Chemistry & Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter M Zygmunt
- Clinical Chemistry & Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ivana Ivanovic-Burmazovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl Messlinger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Reeh
- 1] Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany [2]
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany [2]
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48
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Oliver E, Flacco N, Arce C, Ivorra MD, D'Ocon MP, Noguera MA. Changes in adrenoceptors and G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 in L-NAME-induced hypertension compared to spontaneous hypertension in rats. J Vasc Res 2014; 51:209-20. [PMID: 24942010 DOI: 10.1159/000360400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work compares the expression of adrenoceptors (ARs) and G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) 2 (RT-PCR and immunoblotting) and functional responses in conductance (aorta) and resistance vessels (mesenteric resistance arteries; MRA) in two different models of rat hypertension: hypertension induced by chronic treatment with L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl-ester) (L-NAME-treated rats; LNHR), and genetically induced hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive rats; SHR). Changes found in the aorta, but not in the MRA, were: (1) a loss of contractile capacity, more evidently in α1-AR-mediated contraction, and an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, with both changes occurring independently of the hypertensive model; (2) a diminished sensitivity to α1-AR-induced vasoconstriction along with increased β2-AR-mediated vasodilation in LNHR, and (3) a lower expression of ARs and GRK2 in LNHR. The two latter changes are the opposite of those previously found in aortas of SHR. In the MRA of LNHR, a diminished sensitivity to isoprenaline, in parallel with a reduced expression of β1-AR, was observed without changes in GRK2 expression. In the MRA of SHR, the increased GRK2 expression was not accompanied by significant changes in either β-AR expression or the vasorelaxant potency of isoprenaline. The present results highlight that changes in AR function differ not only between vessels but also between hypertensive models. Moreover, they suggest that changes in GRK2 expression could contribute to regulating β2-AR function in conductance vessels but not β1-AR function in resistance vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Oliver
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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49
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Staurengo-Ferrari L, Zarpelon AC, Longhi-Balbinot DT, Marchesi M, Cunha TM, Alves-Filho JC, Cunha FQ, Ferreira SH, Casagrande R, Miranda KM, Verri WA. Nitroxyl inhibits overt pain-like behavior in mice: role of cGMP/PKG/ATP-sensitive potassium channel signaling pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:691-8. [PMID: 24948073 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence have indicated that nitric oxide (NO) plays complex and diverse roles in modulation of pain/analgesia. However, the roles of charged and uncharged congeners of NO are less well understood. In the present study, the antinociceptive effect of the nitroxyl (HNO) donor, Angeli's salt (Na2N2O3; AS) was investigated in models of overt pain-like behavior. Moreover, whether the antinociceptive effect of nitroxyl was dependent on the activation of cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate)/PKG (protein kinase G)/ATP-sensitive potassium channels was addressed. METHODS The antinociceptive effect of AS was evaluated on phenyl-p-benzoquinone (PBQ)- and acetic acid-induced writhings and via the formalin test. In addition, pharmacological treatments targeting guanylate cyclase (ODQ), PKG (KT5923) and ATP-sensitive potassium channel (glybenclamide) were used. RESULTS PBQ and acetic acid induced significant writhing responses over 20min. The nociceptive response in these models were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner by subcutaneous pre-treatment with AS. Furthermore, AS also inhibited both phases of the formalin test. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect of AS in writhing and flinching responses were prevented by ODQ, KT5823 and glybenclamide, although these inhibitors alone did not alter the writhing score. Furthermore, pretreatment with L-cysteine, an HNO scavenger, confirmed that the antinociceptive effect of AS depends on HNO. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates the efficacy of a nitroxyl donor and its analgesic mechanisms in overt pain-like behavior by activating the cGMP/PKG/ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(+)) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana C Zarpelon
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniela T Longhi-Balbinot
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mario Marchesi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C Alves-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio H Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Hospital (Health Science Centre), Londrina State University, Parana, Brazil
| | - Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
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50
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Parkington HC, Kenna KR, Sozo F, Coleman HA, Bocking A, Brien JF, Harding R, Walker DW, Morley R, Tare M. Maternal alcohol consumption in pregnancy enhances arterial stiffness and alters vasodilator function that varies between vascular beds in fetal sheep. J Physiol 2014; 592:2591-603. [PMID: 24756643 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.262873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While the impact of alcohol consumption by pregnant women on fetal neurodevelopment has received much attention, the effects on the cardiovascular system are not well understood. We hypothesised that repeated exposure to alcohol (ethanol) in utero would alter fetal arterial reactivity and wall stiffness, key mechanisms leading to cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Ethanol (0.75 g (kg body weight)(-1)) was infused intravenously into ewes over 1 h daily for 39 days in late pregnancy (days 95-133 of pregnancy, term ∼147 days). Maternal and fetal plasma ethanol concentrations at the end of the hour were ∼115 mg dl(-1), and then declined to apparent zero over 8 h. At necropsy (day 134), fetal body weight and fetal brain-body weight ratio were not affected by alcohol infusion. Small arteries (250-300 μm outside diameter) from coronary, renal, mesenteric, femoral (psoas) and cerebral beds were isolated. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation sensitivity was reduced 10-fold in coronary resistance arteries, associated with a reduction in endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA (P = 0.008). Conversely, vasodilatation sensitivity was enhanced 10-fold in mesenteric and renal resistance arteries. Arterial stiffness was markedly increased (P = 0.0001) in all five vascular beds associated with an increase in elastic modulus and, in cerebral vessels, with an increase in collagen Iα mRNA. Thus, we show for the first time that fetal arteries undergo marked and regionally variable adaptations as a consequence of repeated alcohol exposure. These alcohol-induced vascular effects occurred in the apparent absence of fetal physical abnormalities or fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena C Parkington
- Departments of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Kelly R Kenna
- Departments of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Foula Sozo
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Harold A Coleman
- Departments of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Alan Bocking
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James F Brien
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Richard Harding
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - David W Walker
- Ritchie Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Ruth Morley
- Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Marianne Tare
- Departments of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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