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Chen M, Xiao J, Du Y, Wang M, Ruan J, Tian Y. Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol corresponds to a high risk of nephrolithiasis in children. BMC Urol 2020; 20:120. [PMID: 32778076 PMCID: PMC7419197 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia contributes to the development of nephrolithiasis in adults; however its relationship to urolithiasis in children remains debatable, and will be clarified in the present work. Methods A case–control study was performed involving 58 pediatric patients diagnosed with upper urinary tract stones as well as 351 controls. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), serum calcium, serum uric acid, blood glucose, blood lipids, and compositions of stones were compared. Results According to the univariate analysis, uric acid was higher (P < 0.01) but serum calcium lower in the stone group than the control (P < 0.05). As for the blood lipids, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) was significantly higher in the stone group as compared to the control (P < 0.01), while total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not show statistical difference between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, only non-HDL-c and serum uric acid were increased in the stone group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.008). In the stone compositions’ analysis, serum uric acid and non-HDL-c were associated with percentage of uric acid and pure calcium oxalate stones, respectively. Conclusion Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may act as a lipid risk factor for urolithiasis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuan Du
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jimeng Ruan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Serrano-Sánchez JA, Fernández-Rodríguez MJ, Sanchis-Moysi J, Rodríguez-Pérez MDC, Marcelino-Rodríguez I, Cabrera de León A. Domain and intensity of physical activity are associated with metabolic syndrome: A population-based study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219798. [PMID: 31314798 PMCID: PMC6636743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Little is known on how the domain and intensity of physical activity (PA) associates with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to examine associations between PA domains (leisure-time, domestic, active transport, total walking and total PA), PA intensities (light, moderate and vigorous) and PA levels with MetS in the general adult population. Methods Cross-sectional study. Anthropometry, blood biochemistry, 79-item PA-questionnaire, lifestyle and medical history were evaluated in a representative sample of Canary Island adults (n = 6,729). MetS was diagnosed using the harmonized IDF-NHLBI-AHA criteria. T-test and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse associations between PA domains and intensities with MetS vs. no MetS, controlling for socio-demographic, lifestyle, family antecedents and body mass index (BMI). Results For each MET-h/day spent in moderate-vigorous PA intensities, as well as in recreational domain, active transport, total walking and total PA, the odds of MetS decreased between 3–10%. Energy expenditure exclusively in light and domestic PAs was not associated with MetS, however it was important to achieve a total PA level of 3 MET-h/day, which reduced the odds of MetS by 23%. This reduction was blunted in those with more than 2 h/d of TV watching time. A PA level of 3 MET-h/d also nullified the risk of MetS in those with low PA and high TV consumption. Conclusions Some types of leisure time PAs may contribute more than others to reducing MetS. Light and domestic PA play a complementary role in enhancing energy expenditure in the general population. TV watching time above 2 h/d counteracted the MetS risk reduction associated with PA level, but PA level also reduced the risk of METs presented by those with a low level of PA and an excess TV watching time. Physical activity explains a greater amount of the variance of MetS than any other factors of lifestyle, education, sex and family history, and substantially mitigates the strong association of age and BMI with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Serrano-Sánchez
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Cabrera de León
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Area of Preventive Medicine, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
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Zhang N, Hu X, Zhang Q, Bai P, Cai M, Zeng TS, Zhang JY, Tian SH, Min J, Huang HT, Zheng J, Peng MM, Li MJ, Chen LL. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is an independent risk factor for diabetes mellitus: Results from a population-based cohort study. J Diabetes 2018; 10:708-714. [PMID: 29437292 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia predicts the development and progression of diabetes. A higher non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): HDL-C ratio is reportedly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, but its relationship with glycemic levels and diabetes remains unclear. METHODS In all, 4882 subjects aged ≥40 years without diabetes and not using lipid-lowering drugs were enrolled in the study. The non-HDL-C: HDL-C ratio was log10 transformed to achieve normal distribution. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between the log10 -transformed non-HDL-C: HDL-C ratio and diabetes. Stratified analyses of the association by age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were also performed. RESULTS After 3 years of follow-up, 704 participants developed diabetes. After adjustment for age, gender, current smoking, current drinking, physical activity, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and family history of diabetes, each 1-SD increase in the log(non-HDL-C: HDL-C ratio) was associated with higher fasting blood glucose (FPG) levels (β = 0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1-0.1), 2-h postload plasma glucose levels (2-h glucose; β = 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.2), and risk of diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 1.1; 95% CI 1.0-1.2). In a multivariate model, subjects in the top quartile of non-HDL-C: HDL-C ratio had higher FPG (β = 0.2; 95% CI 0.2-0.3), 2-h glucose (β = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.7) and HbA1c (β = 0.1; 95% CI 0.1-0.2) levels, and a 40% increased risk of diabetes (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.8) than participants in the bottom quartile. CONCLUSIONS The non-HDL-C: HDL-C ratio was found to be an independent risk factor for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tian Shu Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiao-Yue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Hua Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Tao Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yichang Yiling Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao-Miao Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-Jia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu-Lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kiburg KV, Ward GM, O'Neal DN, MacIsaac RJ. Lipid-lowering therapy use and achievement of cholesterol targets in an Australian diabetes clinic. Intern Med J 2018; 48:201-204. [PMID: 29415350 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We documented temporal changes in the use of lipid-lowering medications and achievement of cholesterol targets in an Australian diabetes clinic. The number of patients using lipid-lowering therapy for primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention increased from 6 to 69% between 1993-1995 and 2014-2016, which corresponded to a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from 3.7 to 2.4 mmol/L (P < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina V Kiburg
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn M Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David N O'Neal
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J MacIsaac
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Preiss D, Neely D. Biochemistry laboratories should routinely report non-HDL-cholesterol. Ann Clin Biochem 2015; 52:629-31. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563215594818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Preiss
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dermot Neely
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Cabrera de León A, Almeida González D, González Hernández A, Domínguez Coello S, Marrugat J, Juan Alemán Sánchez J, Brito Díaz B, Marcelino Rodríguez I, Pérez MDCR. Relationships between Serum Resistin and Fat Intake, Serum Lipid Concentrations and Adiposity in the General Population. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 21:454-62. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of La Laguna
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Delia Almeida González
- Immunology Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Ana González Hernández
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Santiago Domínguez Coello
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
- Grupo de Epidemiología y Genética Cardiovascular; Programa de Investigación en Procesos Inflamatorios y Cardiovasculares, Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica(IMIM)
| | - José Juan Alemán Sánchez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Buenaventura Brito Díaz
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - Itahisa Marcelino Rodríguez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Cardiovascular Research Network, Carlos III Institute of Health
| | - María del Cristo Rodríguez Pérez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital
- Grupo de Epidemiología y Genética Cardiovascular; Programa de Investigación en Procesos Inflamatorios y Cardiovasculares, Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica(IMIM)
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7
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Thanh Le P, Huisingh CE, Huisingh A. Glycemic Control and Diabetic Dyslipidemia in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes. Endocr Pract 2013; 19:972-979. [DOI: 10.4158/ep13016.or] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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8
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Khandelwal S, Shidhaye R, Demonty I, Lakshmy R, Gupta R, Prabhakaran D, Reddy S. Impact of omega-3 fatty acids and/or plant sterol supplementation on non-HDL cholesterol levels of dyslipidemic Indian adults. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Costa de Oliveira CM, Melo SR, Mota AMDV, Kubrusly M. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its correlation with anthropometric markers of cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr 2011; 22:251-257. [PMID: 22119080 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) may be a better indicator of atherogenicity in the hemodialysis population. PURPOSE To investigate the correlation of non-HDL-c with anthropometric measurements associated to cardiovascular risk, such as body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-height(2) ratio, and waist-to-hip circumference ratio. METHODS We evaluated anthropometric markers and lipids in 86 hemodialysis patients, and the correlation between them was investigated. RESULTS Non-HDL-c had a positive correlation with body mass index (r = 0.273; P = .01), waist circumference (r = 0.375; P = .000), waist-to-height ratio (r = 0.333; P = .002), waist-to-height(2) ratio (r = 0.270; P = .012), and waist-to-hip circumference ratio (r = 0.356; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS This study detected a positive and significant correlation between non-HDL-c, but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the anthropometric cardiovascular risk indexes. We could suggest that non-HDL-c can be used as a cardiovascular risk factor indicator among dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Maria Costa de Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Christus, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil; Department of Nephrology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
| | - Suelen Rios Melo
- Graduation of Faculty of Medicine Christus, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Kubrusly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Christus, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil; Department of Nephrology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
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Bobo WV, Bonaccorso S, Jayathilake K, Meltzer HY. Prediction of long-term metabolic effects of olanzapine and risperidone treatment from baseline body mass index in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2011; 189:200-7. [PMID: 21802150 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Baseline body mass index (BMI), baseline BMI status (normal, overweight, obese) and early (1 month) BMI increases were tested as predictors of 6- and 12-month increases in glucose and lipid measures in 82 olanzapine (OLZ)- and 78 risperidone (RIS)-treated patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder who participated in a 12-month randomized, prospective metabolic effects study. Baseline BMI predicted greater fasting glucose and HgbA1c levels at 12 months for both treatments. Early BMI change predicted fasting glucose levels at 6 months, but not HgbA1c or BMI, at either time point. For patients who received no concomitant mood stabilizers, early BMI change predicted 12 month HgbA1c values in the OLZ group, and 6- (but not 12-) month fasting glucose and HgbA1c values in the RIS group. Neither baseline BMI nor early BMI change consistently predicted increases in lipids with either drug. OLZ-treated patients with normal baseline BMI had greater increases in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-HDL-cholesterol than those who were overweight or obese. In conclusion, higher baseline BMI predicted adverse glycemic changes after 12 months with OLZ and RIS. Individuals with normal baseline BMI may be most susceptible to OLZ-induced hyperlipidosis. Frequency of metabolic screening should be independent of baseline BMI or rapid increases in BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Victor Bobo
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Stroup T, McEvoy J, Swartz M, Hamer R, Perkins D, Lieberman J. Comparison of Antipsychotics for Metabolic Problems (CAMP): A NIMH Schizophrenia Trials Network Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3371/csrp.1.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Garg R, Vasamreddy CR, Blumenthal RS. Non‐High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Why Lower Is Better. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 8:173-7. [PMID: 16034221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1520-037x.2005.4077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent comparative trials of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) suggest that lower is better and that reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to below 100 mg/dL can provide additional clinical benefit. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) contains more atherogenic cholesterol than LDL-C and is considered a more accurate measurement of the total amount of atherogenic particles in the circulation. Therefore, the principle that "lower is better" may also apply to lowering levels of non-HDL-C. In persons with high triglycerides (200-499 mg/dL), LDL-C remains the primary target of therapy, but non-HDL-C is an important secondary therapeutic target. Non-HDL-C is strongly correlated with small dense LDL as well as apolipoprotein B, an established predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. Current evidence indicates that statins not only rapidly and dramatically reduce LDL-C, but also have a similar effect on non-HDL-C, and that the greater the reduction in LDL-C, the greater will be the reduction in non-HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Garg
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Preventive Cardiology Center, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lodde BM, Sankar V, Kok MR, Leakan RA, Tak PP, Pillemer SR. Serum lipid levels in Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 45:481-4. [PMID: 16303821 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kei190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Altered lipid levels may occur in autoimmune diseases, for example low cholesterol levels have been described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum lipid profiles in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) have not been investigated. We hypothesized decreased lipid levels in SS patients and an inverse relationship with disease activity. METHODS Serum lipid levels [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides] and additional data regarding disease measures (clinical immunology parameters, focus score from labial salivary gland biopsy, salivary flow and ophthalmological measures) were available for 46 primary SS patients and 12 xerostomic controls. RESULTS Significant differences between SS patients and controls means (s.d.) were seen for HDL (P = 0.04) and total cholesterol (P = 0.02). LDL (P = 0.12) and triglyceride (P = 0.08) levels were not different. In SS patients, but not in controls, total cholesterol (P = 0.003) and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.003) predicted immunoglobulin G levels. Anti-SSA antibodies were related to a lower total cholesterol (P = 0.02) and anti-SSB antibodies to a lower HDL cholesterol level (P = 0.0497). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were seen in serum lipid levels of primary SS patients and these were associated with serological measures of inflammation. Our results are comparable to earlier findings in RA patients and raise questions related to adverse cardiovascular consequences in SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Lodde
- Gene Therapy and Therapeutics Branch/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 1N114, MSC 1190, Bethesda, MD 20892-1190, USA.
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14
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Fisac C, Fumero E, Crespo M, Roson B, Ferrer E, Virgili N, Ribera E, Gatell JM, Podzamczer D. Metabolic benefits 24 months after replacing a protease inhibitor with abacavir, efavirenz or nevirapine. AIDS 2005; 19:917-25. [PMID: 15905672 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000171405.46113.bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the 24-month metabolic and morphological benefits obtained from replacing the protease inhibitor (PI) in a regimen with nevirapine, efavirenz or abacavir. DESIGN AND METHODS NEFA was a randomized study designed to compare the efficacy of nevirapine, efavirenz or abacavir as substitutes for PI. A subset of 90 patients [abacavir (n = 29), efavirenz (n = 32), nevirapine (n = 29)] formed the metabolic study. Fasting total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglycerides levels were determined. Glucose homeostasis parameters were also collected. Lipodystrophy was evaluated by clinical examination and morphological measurements. RESULTS Treatment simplification led to overall lipid profile improvements. At 24 months, the two non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors produced similar lipid benefits: HDL-c levels increased [efavirenz, 15% (P = 0.001); nevirapine, 21% (P < 0.001)] and TC to HDL-c ratios decreased [efavirenz, 14% (P < 0.001); nevirapine, 19% (P < 0.01)], an effect not observed in the abacavir arm. Non-HDL-c levels decreased by 10% in both the abacavir (P = 0.001) and efavirenz (P < 0.05) arms. Significant decreases in the levels of triglycerides occurred for the first year in all treatments; however, at 24 months most of the initial loss had been regained. Patients with baseline moderate or severe lipodystrophy obtained less-pronounced lipid benefits. Several insulin resistance markers showed a trend towards improvement. Conversely, no improvements in morphological abnormalities were observed. CONCLUSIONS Replacing PI with efavirenz, nevirapine or abacavir improved the lipid profile, with more marked results in non-lipodystrophic patients. In contrast, this strategy does not seem to be effective for reversing body fat abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Fisac
- Nutrition Section, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Denke MA. Reviewing your investment strategy: where does diet fit in your personal portfolio. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81:339-40. [PMID: 15699219 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn.81.2.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Fisher L, Chesla CA, Chun KM, Skaff MM, Mullan JT, Kanter RA, Gardiner PS. Patient-appraised couple emotion management and disease management among Chinese American patients with type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2004; 18:302-310. [PMID: 15222837 DOI: 10.1037/0893-3200.18.2.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Family context exerts a strong influence on disease management among patients with chronic disease, but it is not clear which aspects of family life are most influential. This study examined the linkages between patient-appraised couple emotion management (conflict resolution, expressiveness, and respect) and disease management (biological, morale/depression, quality of life, and behavioral) among a relatively understudied group, Chinese American patients with type 2 diabetes. Significant main effects were found between patient-appraised couple emotion management, especially conflict resolution, and the morale component of disease management, but not the biological or behavioral components; both diabetes-specific and general relationship qualities (marital satisfaction) were independently linked to disease management. Acculturation did not qualify the findings. Similarities among ethnic groups in family and disease management relationships may be more common than differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Fisher
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, USA.
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Rock CL, Flatt SW, Thomson CA, Stefanick ML, Newman VA, Jones L, Natarajan L, Pierce JP, Chang RJ, Witztum JL. Plasma triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol concentrations confirm self-reported changes in carbohydrate and fat intakes in women in a diet intervention trial. J Nutr 2004; 134:342-7. [PMID: 14747670 DOI: 10.1093/jn/134.2.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet intervention trials are currently testing whether reduced fat intake can reduce the risk and progression of breast cancer. Energy from dietary fat is generally replaced by energy from carbohydrate in these studies, and altering the proportion of energy from dietary carbohydrate and fat has been shown to affect plasma lipid concentrations in controlled feeding studies. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increased carbohydrate and reduced fat intakes on plasma lipids in a randomized, controlled trial that is testing the effect of diet modification on risk for recurrence and survival in women previously treated for breast cancer. Plasma concentrations of lipids and related factors were measured at enrollment and 1-y follow-up in 393 women enrolled in the trial. Dietary goals for the intervention group focused on an increase in vegetable, fruit and fiber intakes, and reduced fat intake. Women assigned to the intervention group significantly reduced fat intake (from 28.1 to 21.0% of energy), and significantly increased intakes of carbohydrate (from 56.9 to 65.3% of energy) and fiber (from 21.0 to 29.6 g/d) (P < 0.05). Body weight did not change significantly in either study group. A small but significant increase in fasting plasma triacylglycerol concentration, and decreases in HDL cholesterol and apoprotein-A1 concentrations, were observed in the intervention group (P < 0.05) but not in the comparison group. Changes in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoprotein-B, lipoprotein (a), and insulin concentrations, and in the LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, were not observed in either group. The lipid responses that were observed in this study provide biological evidence that validates the self-reported change in dietary intakes of fat and carbohydrate in response to the intervention efforts. The degree of change in these lipid concentrations was small and does not suggest increased cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Rock
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Reproductive Medicine, and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Belani SS, Goldberg AC, Coyne DW. Ability of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and calculated intermediate-density lipoprotein to identify nontraditional lipoprotein subclass risk factors in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43:320-9. [PMID: 14750098 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2003.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and calculated intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol (IDL-C) have been proposed as surrogate markers to estimate apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of non-HDL-C and calculated IDL-C to predict nontraditional lipoprotein risk factors among dialysis patients and to compare the prevalence of these nontraditional risk factors between dialysis modalities. METHODS The authors performed a cross-sectional analysis comparing standard lipid profile with lipoprotein analysis via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy among 186 hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients on modern lipid-lowering therapy. RESULTS The PD group had a significantly higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentration (P < 0.005), higher large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL; P < 0.001), greater small dense LDL (P < 0.001), and lower protective large HDL (P < 0.005). Forty-six (40%) of 118 subjects with LDL-C below goal had at least 1 nontraditional risk factor by NMR spectroscopy. The sensitivity of non-HDL-C method together with triglyceride (TG) value greater than 200 mg/dL (>2.26 mmol/L) to predict nontraditional risk was 13% and increased to 20% if TG values were excluded. A negative correlation was observed between LDL particle size and HDL-C (r2 = 0.269; P < 0.001); the sensitivity of HDL-C to predict LDL size was 92%. There was no relationship between measured IDL by NMR and calculated IDL-C (r2 = 0.005; P = 0.69). CONCLUSION Non-HDL-C greater than 130 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L) independent of TG values and HDL-C lower than 40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) may predict nontraditional lipoprotein risk factors among dialysis patients. This is especially applicable to patients on PD, a modality associated with a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharina S Belani
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, and the Chromalloy American Kidney Center at Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Blackett PR, Germany R, Sambo B, Alaupovic P. Apolipoprotein C-III bound to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in obese girls. Clin Chem 2003; 49:303-6. [PMID: 12560355 DOI: 10.1373/49.2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piers R Blackett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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