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Zimmerman SJ, Aldridge CL, Schroeder MA, Fike JA, Cornman RS, Oyler-McCance SJ. The potential influence of genome-wide adaptive divergence on conservation translocation outcome in an isolated greater sage-grouse population. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024; 38:e14254. [PMID: 38563102 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Conservation translocations are an important conservation tool commonly employed to augment declining or reestablish extirpated populations. One goal of augmentation is to increase genetic diversity and reduce the risk of inbreeding depression (i.e., genetic rescue). However, introducing individuals from significantly diverged populations risks disrupting coadapted traits and reducing local fitness (i.e., outbreeding depression). Genetic data are increasingly more accessible for wildlife species and can provide unique insight regarding the presence and retention of introduced genetic variation from augmentation as an indicator of effectiveness and adaptive similarity as an indicator of source and recipient population suitability. We used 2 genetic data sets to evaluate augmentation of isolated populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in the northwestern region of the species range (Washington, USA) and to retrospectively evaluate adaptive divergence among source and recipient populations. We developed 2 statistical models for microsatellite data to evaluate augmentation outcomes. We used one model to predict genetic diversity after augmentation and compared these predictions with observations of genetic change. We used the second model to quantify the amount of observed reproduction attributed to transplants (proof of population integration). We also characterized genome-wide adaptive divergence among source and recipient populations. Observed genetic diversity (HO = 0.65) was higher in the recipient population than predicted had no augmentation occurred (HO = 0.58) but less than what was predicted by our model (HO = 0.75). The amount of shared genetic variation between the 2 geographically isolated resident populations increased, which is evidence of periodic gene flow previously assumed to be rare. Among candidate adaptive genes associated with elevated fixation index (FST) (143 genes) or local environmental variables (97 and 157 genes for each genotype-environment association method, respectively), we found clusters of genes with related functions that may influence the ability of transplants to use local resources and navigate unfamiliar environments and their reproductive potential, all possible reasons for low genetic retention from augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna J Zimmerman
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Cameron L Aldridge
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Fike
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert Scott Cornman
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sara J Oyler-McCance
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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2
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Majaliwa MM, Hughey LF, Stabach JA, Songer M, Whyle K, Alhashmi AEA, Al Remeithi M, Pusey R, Chaibo HA, Ngari Walsoumon A, Hassan Hatcha M, Wacher T, Ngaba C, Newby J, Leimgruber P, Mertes K. Experience and social factors influence movement and habitat selection in scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) reintroduced into Chad. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2022; 10:47. [PMID: 36357952 PMCID: PMC9650856 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reintroduced animals-especially those raised in captivity-are faced with the unique challenge of navigating a wholly unfamiliar environment, and often make erratic or extensive movements after release. Naïveté to the reintroduction landscape can be costly, e.g., through increased energy expenditure, greater exposure to predation, and reduced opportunities to forage. Integration with an extant population may provide opportunities for social information transfer. However, in the absence of interactions with residents, it is unclear how individual and social learning may affect an animal's ability to track resources in an unfamiliar landscape. We use integrated step selection functions (iSSFs) to address these knowledge gaps, by evaluating the extent to which environmental factors, individual experience (time since release), and social information-sharing (group size) influence movement decisions by scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) reintroduced into their native range for the first time in ca. 30 years. We found that both experience and social factors influenced the habitat selection and movement behavior of reintroduced oryx. Of four candidate iSSFs, the model that included environmental, experience, and group size variables performed best in both dry and wet periods. Statistically significant interaction terms between environmental variables and experience were generally larger than similar terms for group size, indicating that experience may affect habitat selection by reintroduced oryx more strongly than social factors. These findings may inform the management of recovering wildlife populations, update widely-held expectations about how released ungulates acclimate to novel landscapes, and demonstrate the utility of long-term monitoring of reintroduced populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Majaliwa
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - L F Hughey
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - J A Stabach
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - M Songer
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - K Whyle
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - A E A Alhashmi
- Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Al Remeithi
- Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - R Pusey
- Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - H A Chaibo
- Direction de la Conservation de la Faune et des Aires Protégées, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - A Ngari Walsoumon
- Direction de la Conservation de la Faune et des Aires Protégées, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - M Hassan Hatcha
- Direction de la Conservation de la Faune et des Aires Protégées, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - T Wacher
- Conservation Programmes, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - C Ngaba
- SaharaConservation, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France
| | - J Newby
- SaharaConservation, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France
| | - P Leimgruber
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - K Mertes
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA.
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Rayne A, Byrnes G, Collier‐Robinson L, Hollows J, McIntosh A, Ramsden M, Rupene M, Tamati‐Elliffe P, Thoms C, Steeves TE. Centring Indigenous knowledge systems to re‐imagine conservation translocations. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Rayne
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Greg Byrnes
- Te Kōhaka o Tūhaitara Trust Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | | | - Angus McIntosh
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | - Makarini Rupene
- Environment Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Ngāi Tahu Research Centre University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | - Channell Thoms
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Tammy E. Steeves
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
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van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Animal reintroductions in peopled landscapes: moving towards urban-based species restorations in New Zealand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/pc18026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Urban areas are highly modified landscapes that can support significant biodiversity, including threatened species, although native species are usually present at low densities and several native species will be absent. The most powerful tool for increasing urban biodiversity is supporting existing biodiversity through appropriately designed and managed public and private greenspaces, and improving habitat quality. However, if a more proactive strategy is required to overcome recolonisation barriers, then reintroduction is another powerful tool to enhance biodiversity across urban landscapes. The health of cities, in terms of biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the quality of the nature experiences accessed by adults and children largely depends on how much human communities value and know about nature. While community-driven habitat restorations can improve biodiversity and increase human–nature connection, reintroduction of appropriate species could fill ecological gaps that would otherwise remain empty, and further enrich biodiversity in residents’ nearby neighbourhoods. New Zealand is currently a hotspot of reintroduction activity, but these take place in relatively unmodified terrestrial sites, such as national parks, restored offshore islands, and fenced eco-sanctuaries. We review global examples of animal reintroductions taking place within areas modified by human activity, and, using information elicited from 18 experts, consider potential reintroduction candidates, and consider the benefits, opportunities, challenges, and requirements for the reintroduction of native species into New Zealand’s urban areas.
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Ayala-Burbano PA, Caldano L, Junior PMG, Pissinatti A, Marques MC, Wormell D, Domingues de Freitas P. Genetic assessment for the endangered black lion tamarin Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Mikan, 1823), Callitrichidae, Primates. Am J Primatol 2017; 79. [PMID: 29095510 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study analyzing genetic diversity in captive individuals of the endangered black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus, and also comparing genetic diversity parameters between wild populations and captive groups using the same set of molecular markers. We evaluated genetic diversity and differentiation for the Brazilian and European captive groups and a wild population through 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The genetic diversity levels were similar among Brazilian captive, European captive and wild animals from the National Forest of Capão Bonito. Expected heterozygosity showed values ranging from 0.403 to 0.462, and significant differences were not observed among the populations. Different allele frequencies were observed among the groups, which showed the presence of distinct private alleles. The PCoA analysis evidenced three main clusters suggesting that the captive Brazilian and European groups are markedly differentiated both from one another and from the wild population of Capão Bonito. Likewise, the most likely number of genetic clusters (K) revealed by Structure was three. Such a structure is probably the result of the strength of drift and non-random reproduction in these small and isolated groups. Despite this differentiation, all groups still have similar genetic diversity levels, comparable to other callitrichids. The data obtained herein are important to increasing knowledge of the genetics of tamarins and supporting breeding programs to prevent loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A Ayala-Burbano
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Caldano
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Dominic Wormell
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Trinity, Jersey, England
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7
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Temporal genetic dynamics of reintroduced and translocated populations of the endangered golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia). CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-0948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Fraser IDL, Wilcken J, Gibson C, Gibson R, Ireland B, Buley K. Rotoroa Island: building a designed ecosystem for conservation education, training and visitor engagement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/izy.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. D. L. Fraser
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
| | - J. Wilcken
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
| | - C. Gibson
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
| | - R. Gibson
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
| | - B. Ireland
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
| | - K. Buley
- Auckland Zoo; Private Bag 78700 Grey Lynn Auckland 1245 New Zealand
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10
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McCreless EE, Huff DD, Croll DA, Tershy BR, Spatz DR, Holmes ND, Butchart SHM, Wilcox C. Past and estimated future impact of invasive alien mammals on insular threatened vertebrate populations. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12488. [PMID: 27535095 PMCID: PMC4992154 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive mammals on islands pose severe, ongoing threats to global biodiversity. However, the severity of threats from different mammals, and the role of interacting biotic and abiotic factors in driving extinctions, remain poorly understood at a global scale. Here we model global extirpation patterns for island populations of threatened and extinct vertebrates. Extirpations are driven by interacting factors including invasive rats, cats, pigs, mustelids and mongooses, native species taxonomic class and volancy, island size, precipitation and human presence. We show that controlling or eradicating the relevant invasive mammals could prevent 41–75% of predicted future extirpations. The magnitude of benefits varies across species and environments; for example, managing invasive mammals on small, dry islands could halve the extirpation risk for highly threatened birds and mammals, while doing so on large, wet islands may have little benefit. Our results provide quantitative estimates of conservation benefits and, when combined with costs in a return-on-investment framework, can guide efficient conservation strategies. Invasive vertebrates can decimate native species living on islands. Using a model of global extirpation patterns, McCreless et al. identify the types of invasive species most harmful to natives and predict when controlling or eradicating the invasive species is likely to succeed as a conservation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E McCreless
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - David D Huff
- Point Adams Research Station, Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, PO Box 155, Hammond, Oregon 97121, USA
| | - Donald A Croll
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - Bernie R Tershy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - Dena R Spatz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA.,Island Conservation, 2161 Delaware Avenue, Suite A, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - Nick D Holmes
- Island Conservation, 2161 Delaware Avenue, Suite A, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA
| | - Stuart H M Butchart
- BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB23QZ, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EJ, UK
| | - Chris Wilcox
- Marine and Atmospheric Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
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11
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White TH, de Melo Barros Y, Develey PF, Llerandi-Román IC, Monsegur-Rivera OA, Trujillo-Pinto AM. Improving reintroduction planning and implementation through quantitative SWOT analysis. J Nat Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Bennett JR, Maloney R, Possingham HP. Biodiversity gains from efficient use of private sponsorship for flagship species conservation. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 282:rspb.2014.2693. [PMID: 25808885 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the global extinction crisis, both efficient use of existing conservation funding and new sources of funding are vital. Private sponsorship of charismatic 'flagship' species conservation represents an important source of new funding, but has been criticized as being inefficient. However, the ancillary benefits of privately sponsored flagship species conservation via actions benefiting other species have not been quantified, nor have the benefits of incorporating such sponsorship into objective prioritization protocols. Here, we use a comprehensive dataset of conservation actions for the 700 most threatened species in New Zealand to examine the potential biodiversity gains from national private flagship species sponsorship programmes. We find that private funding for flagship species can clearly result in additional species and phylogenetic diversity conserved, via conservation actions shared with other species. When private flagship species funding is incorporated into a prioritization protocol to preferentially sponsor shared actions, expected gains can be more than doubled. However, these gains are consistently smaller than expected gains in a hypothetical scenario where private funding could be optimally allocated among all threatened species. We recommend integrating private sponsorship of flagship species into objective prioritization protocols to sponsor efficient actions that maximize biodiversity gains, or wherever possible, encouraging private donations for broader biodiversity goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Bennett
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Richard Maloney
- Department of Conservation, Christchurch Mail Centre, Private Bag 4715, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Hugh P Possingham
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia School of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7QN, UK
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13
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Sullivan BK, Nowak EM, Kwiatkowski MA. Problems with mitigation translocation of herpetofauna. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2015; 29:12-18. [PMID: 25040040 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitigation translocation of nuisance animals is a commonly used management practice aimed at resolution of human-animal conflict by removal and release of an individual animal. Long considered a reasonable undertaking, especially by the general public, it is now known that translocated subjects are negatively affected by the practice. Mitigation translocation is typically undertaken with individual adult organisms and has a much lower success rate than the more widely practiced conservation translocation of threatened and endangered species. Nonetheless, the public and many conservation practitioners believe that because population-level conservation translocations have been successful that mitigation translocation can be satisfactorily applied to a wide variety of human-wildlife conflict situations. We reviewed mitigation translocations of reptiles, including our own work with 3 long-lived species (Gila monsters [Heloderma suspectum], Sonoran desert tortoises [Gopherus morafkai], and western diamond-backed rattlesnakes [Crotalus atrox]). Overall, mitigation translocation had a low success rate when judged either by effects on individuals (in all studies reviewed they exhibited increased movement or increased mortality) or by the success of the resolution of the human-animal conflict (translocated individuals often returned to the capture site). Careful planning and identification of knowledge gaps are critical to increasing success rates in mitigation translocations in the face of increasing pressure to find solutions for species threatened by diverse anthropogenic factors, including climate change and exurban and energy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K Sullivan
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 37100, Phoenix, AZ, 85069, U.S.A..
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14
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McCoy ED, Osman N, Hauch B, Emerick A, Mushinsky HR. Increasing the chance of successful translocation of a threatened lizard. Anim Conserv 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. D. McCoy
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
| | - N. Osman
- Integral Consulting Inc.; Portland OR USA
| | - B. Hauch
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
| | - A. Emerick
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
| | - H. R. Mushinsky
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
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15
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Servanty S, Converse SJ, Bailey LL. Demography of a reintroduced population: moving toward management models for an endangered species, the Whooping Crane. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014; 24:927-937. [PMID: 25154087 DOI: 10.1890/13-0559.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The reintroduction of threatened and endangered species is now a common method for reestablishing populations. Typically, a fundamental objective of reintroduction is to establish a self-sustaining population. Estimation of demographic parameters in reintroduced populations is critical, as these estimates serve multiple purposes. First, they support evaluation of progress toward the fundamental objective via construction of population viability analyses (PVAs) to predict metrics such as probability of persistence. Second, PVAs can be expanded to support evaluation of management actions, via management modeling. Third, the estimates themselves can support evaluation of the demographic performance of the reintroduced population (e.g., via comparison with wild populations). For each of these purposes, thorough treatment of uncertainties in the estimates is critical. Recently developed statistical methods (namely, hierarchical Bayesian implementations of state-space models) allow for effective integration of different types of uncertainty in estimation. We undertook a demographic estimation effort for a reintroduced population of endangered Whooping Cranes with the purpose of ultimately developing a Bayesian PVA for determining progress toward establishing a self-sustaining population, and for evaluating potential management actions via a Bayesian PVA-based management model. We evaluated individual and temporal variation in demographic parameters based upon a multi-state, mark-recapture model. We found that survival was relatively high across time and varied little by sex. There was some indication that survival varied by release method. Survival was similar to that observed in the wild population. Although overall reproduction in this reintroduced population is poor, birds formed social pairs when relatively young, and once a bird was in a social pair, it had a nearly 50% chance of nesting the following breeding season. Also, once a bird had nested, it had a high probability of nesting again. These results are encouraging, considering that survival and reproduction have been major challenges in past reintroductions of this species. The demographic estimates developed will support construction of a management model designed to facilitate exploration of management actions of interest, and will provide critical guidance in future planning for this reintroduction. An approach similar to what we describe could be usefully applied to many reintroduced populations.
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16
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Parker KA, Ludwig K, King TM, Brunton DH, Scofield RP, Jamieson IG. Differences in vocalisations, morphology and mtDNA support species status for New Zealand saddlebackPhilesturnusspp. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2013.846922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Converse SJ, Moore CT, Armstrong DP. Demographics of reintroduced populations: Estimation, modeling, and decision analysis. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Converse
- U.S. Geological Survey; Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; 12100 Beech Forest Road Laurel MD 20708 USA
| | - Clinton T. Moore
- U.S. Geological Survey; Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Georgia; 180 E. Green Street Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Doug P. Armstrong
- Wildlife Ecology Group; Massey University; PB 11222 Palmerston North New Zealand
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18
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Thrimawithana AH, Ortiz-Catedral L, Rodrigo A, Hauber ME. Reduced total genetic diversity following translocations? A metapopulation approach. CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Gedir JV, Thorne JM, Brider K, Armstrong DP. Using prior data to improve models for reintroduced populations: A case study with North Island Saddlebacks. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay V. Gedir
- Wildlife Ecology Group; Massey University; PB 11-2222 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Joanne M. Thorne
- Wildlife Ecology Group; Massey University; PB 11-2222 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Kelly Brider
- Bushy Park Trust; PO Box 4088; Whanganui New Zealand
| | - Doug P. Armstrong
- Wildlife Ecology Group; Massey University; PB 11-2222 Palmerston North New Zealand
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20
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Coccidia species in endemic and native New Zealand passerines. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:2027-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Kujala H, Burgman MA, Moilanen A. Treatment of uncertainty in conservation under climate change. Conserv Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263x.2012.00299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heini Kujala
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI‐00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark A. Burgman
- School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Atte Moilanen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI‐00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Parker KA, Anderson MJ, Jenkins PF, Brunton DH. The effects of translocation-induced isolation and fragmentation on the cultural evolution of bird song. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:778-85. [PMID: 22590997 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01797.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the divergence of behavioural signals in isolated populations is critical to knowing how certain barriers to gene flow can develop. For many bird species, songs are essential for conspecific recognition and mate choice. Measuring the rate of song divergence in natural populations is difficult, but translocations of endangered birds to isolated islands for conservation purposes can yield insights, as the age and source of founder populations are completely known. We found significant and rapid evolution in the structure and diversity of bird song in North Island saddlebacks, Philesturnus rufusater, in New Zealand, with two distinct lineages evolving in < 50 years. The strong environmental filters of serial translocations resulted in cultural bottlenecks that generated drift and reduced song variability within islands. This rapid divergence coupled with loss of song diversity has important implications for the behavioural evolution of this species, demonstrating previously unrecognised biological consequences of conservation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Parker
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Massey University, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand.
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King T, Chamberlan C, Courage A. Assessing Initial Reintroduction Success in Long-Lived Primates by Quantifying Survival, Reproduction, and Dispersal Parameters: Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in Congo and Gabon. INT J PRIMATOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-011-9563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jørgensen D. What's History Got to Do with It? A Response to Seddon's Definition of Reintroduction. Restor Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2011.00834.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Oliveira CG, Martinez RA, Giné GAF, Faria DM, Gaiotto FA. Genetic assessment of the Atlantic Forest bristle porcupine, Chaetomys subspinosus (Rodentia: Erethizontidae), an endemic species threatened with extinction. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:923-31. [PMID: 21644209 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-2gmr1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The bristle-spined porcupine, Chaetomys subspinosus, an endemic rodent from Atlantic Forest, was considered to be abundant in the recent past, but population reductions due to habitat loss and expansion of human activities caused this species to be included in the "vulnerable" category of the World Conservation Union Red List. We performed the first genetic assessment in natural populations of this focal species along its geographical distribution. Thirty-five non-invasive samples (hair) were collected from three natural populations in the Brazilian States of Sergipe, Bahia and Espírito Santo. Genetic similarity obtained by Jaccard's index, based on dominant RAPD and ISSR markers, varied between 25 and 100%. Four clusters, mainly coincident with the geographical distribution of the populations, were observed. Analysis of molecular variance based on 47 polymorphic loci showed that there was 15.99% genetic variability among populations and 84.01% within populations. The estimated genetic structure among populations (Φ(ST)) was 0.16. The populations may have formed a continuum along the past distribution of the Atlantic rainforest but historical events of human occupation resulted in recent divergence among sampled populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
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Ruys T, Lorvelec O, Marre A, Bernez I. River management and habitat characteristics of three sympatric aquatic rodents: common muskrat, coypu and European beaver. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-011-0497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Parker KA, Hauber ME, Brunton DH. Contemporary cultural evolution of a conspecific recognition signal following serial translocations. Evolution 2010; 64:2431-41. [PMID: 20394665 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The divergence of conspecific recognition signals (CRS) among isolated populations facilitates the evolution of behavioral barriers to gene flow. The influence of CRS evolution on signal effectiveness in isolated populations can be assessed by testing the salience of changes in CRS from surviving ancestral populations but founder events are rarely detected. The population history of the North Island (NI) saddleback Philesturnus rufusater is absolutely known following conservation translocations which increased the number of populations from 1 to 15. With one exception there is no gene flow between these populations. The translocations have generated interisland divergence of male rhythmical song (MRS), a culturally transmitted CRS. We conducted an experimental test of behavioral discrimination in NI saddlebacks exposed to familiar and unfamiliar MRS and found that responses were significantly stronger for familiar MRS, consistent with a model of contemporary cultural evolution leading to discrimination between geographic song variants. Significantly, this result demonstrates the rapid tempo with which discrimination of CRS might evolve within isolated populations and supports both bottleneck and cultural mutation hypotheses in CRS evolution. The evolutionary implications of contemporary cultural evolution in the production and perception of CRS merit debate on the time frames over which conservation management is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Parker
- The Ecology and Conservation Group, Institute for Natural Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland 1309, New Zealand.
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Parker KA, Seabrook-Davison M, Ewen JG. Opportunities for Nonnative Ecological Replacements in Ecosystem Restoration. Restor Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2010.00676.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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