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Wang C, Hao D, Jiao W, Li J, Yuan J, Ma Y, Wang X, Xu A, Wang M, Wang Y. Identification and Fungicide Sensitivity of Fusarium spp. Associated with Root Rot of Scutellaria baicalensis in Shanxi Province, China. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1533-1541. [PMID: 38377011 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-23-0173-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium root rot is usually classified as an extremely destructive soilborne disease. From 2020 to 2021, Fusarium root rot was observed in production areas and seriously affected the yield and quality of Scutellaria baicalensis in Shanxi Province, China. Based on morphological characteristics and combined analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequences, 68 Fusarium isolates obtained in this work were identified as F. oxysporum (52.94%), F. acuminatum (20.59%), F. solani (16.17%), F. proliferatum (5.88%), F. incarnatum (2.94%), and F. brachygibbosum (1.47%). In the pathogenicity tests, all Fusarium isolates could infect S. baicalensis roots, presenting different pathogenic ability. Among these isolates, F. oxysporum was found to have the highest virulence on S. baicalensis roots, followed by F. acuminatum, F. solani, F. proliferatum, F. brachygibbosum, and F. incarnatum. According to fungicide sensitivity tests, Fusarium isolates were more sensitive to fludioxonil and difenoconazole, followed by carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, and hymexazol. In brief, this is the first report of Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. acuminatum, F. solani, F. proliferatum, F. incarnatum, and F. brachygibbosum) as causal agents of root rot of S. baicalensis in Shanxi Province, China. The fungicide sensitivity results will be helpful for formulating management strategies of S. baicalensis root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Dainan Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Wenhui Jiao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jiaqi Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Ailing Xu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Meiqin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
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Petrović K, Orzali L, Krsmanović S, Valente MT, Tolimir M, Pavlov J, Riccioni L. Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of the Fusarium Species Complex on Soybean in Serbia. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1851-1860. [PMID: 38311795 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-23-2450-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Using morphological and cultural characteristics for identification, 36 Fusarium isolates were recovered from diseased roots, stems, and seeds of soybean from several localities throughout Vojvodina Province, Serbia. Based on molecular characterization, 12 Fusarium species were identified: F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. commune, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. incarnatum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. sporotrichioides, F. subglutinans, and F. tricinctum. The elongation factor 1-α-based phylogeny grouped the isolates into 12 well-supported clades, but polymorphisms among sequences in some clades suggested the use of the species complex concept: (i) F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC)-F. incarnatum and F. equiseti; (ii) F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC)-F. oxysporum; (iii) F. solani species complex (FSSC)-F. solani; and (iv) F. acuminatum/F. avenaceum/F. tricinctum species complex (FAATSC)-F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, and F. tricinctum. Pathogenicity tests showed that the most aggressive species causing soybean seed rot were F. sporotrichioides, F. graminearum, FIESC, and F. avenaceum. Furthermore, F. subglutinans, FSSC, and F. proliferatum showed a high percentage of pathogenicity on soybean seeds (80 to 100%), whereas variability in pathogenicity occurred within isolates of F. tricinctum. FOSC, F. commune, and F. acuminatum had the lowest pathogenicity. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the characterization of Fusarium species on soybean in Serbia. This study provides valuable information about the composition of Fusarium species and pathogenicity that will be used in further research on soybean resistance to Fusarium-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Petrović
- Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Belgrade 11185, Serbia
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21001, Serbia
| | - Laura Orzali
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), 00156 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa Valente
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Miodrag Tolimir
- Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Belgrade 11185, Serbia
| | - Jovan Pavlov
- Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Belgrade 11185, Serbia
| | - Luca Riccioni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), 00156 Rome, Italy (deceased)
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Steyn C, Jacobs A, Summerell B, Venter E. Fusarium diversity from the Golden Gate Highlands National Park. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1149853. [PMID: 37125158 PMCID: PMC10133521 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1149853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Members from the genus Fusarium can infect a broad range of plants and threaten agricultural and horticultural production. Studies on the diversity of Fusarium occurring in natural ecosystems have received less attention than the better known phytopathogenic members of the genus. This study identified Fusarium species from soils with low anthropogenic disturbance found in the Golden Gate Highlands National Park (GGHNP), a part of the Drakensberg system in South Africa. Selective techniques were implemented to obtain 257 individual isolates from the selected soil samples for which the translation elongation factor 1α (tef-1α) gene region was sequenced and compared against the Fusarium MLST and FUSARIUM-ID databases. Phylogenetic analyses, based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, were used to determine species diversity in relation to reference isolates. Species level identifications were made within three of the seven species complexes and identified F. brachygibbosum, F. sporotrichioides, F. andiyazi, and F. gaditjirri based on the FUSARIUM-ID database, with F. transvaalense and F. lyarnte identified against the Fusarium MLST database. This indicated highly diverse populations of Fusarium from soils with low anthropogenic disturbance from the Afromontane grassland region found in mountain ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Steyn
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Adriaana Jacobs
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- ARC-Plant Health and Protection, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Brett Summerell
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eduard Venter
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Leplat J, François A, Bousta F. Diversity of Parengyodontium spp. strains isolated from the cultural heritage environment: Phylogenetic diversity, phenotypical diversity, and occurrence. Mycologia 2022; 114:825-840. [PMID: 35904483 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2094046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Parengyodontium album is a fungal species that frequently occurs in the cultural heritage environment. Although three subclades were initially described in the species, no study has sought to determine the occurrence of each subclade in the cultural heritage context. These subclades are easily distinguishable phylogenetically, but their morphological identification is more difficult. Eighteen strains isolated from different cultural sites and initially identified as P. album were studied phylogenetically, morphologically, and in terms of their susceptibility to econazole nitrate 0.2%, an antifungal product used as preservation treatment in cultural heritage domain. The phylogenetic study revealed that all studied strains belonged to P. album subclade 1 or P. torokii (P. album subclade 3) and none belonged to P. album subclade 2. The morphological study revealed the best characteristics to differentiate the three subclades/species, namely, the ability of the strains to grow at 32 C and 35 C on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium and the shape of conidia. Finally, the strains displayed variable susceptibilities to econazole nitrate, with no apparent link to any particular subclade/species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Leplat
- Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques, Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (USR 3224), Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, Sorbonne Universités, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre François
- Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques, Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (USR 3224), Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, Sorbonne Universités, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Faisl Bousta
- Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques, Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420, Champs-sur-Marne, France.,Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (USR 3224), Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, Sorbonne Universités, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005, Paris, France
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Gibot-Leclerc S, Guinchard L, Edel-Hermann V, Dessaint F, Cartry D, Reibel C, Gautheron N, Bernaud E, Steinberg C. Screening for potential mycoherbicides within the endophyte community of Phelipanche ramosa parasitizing tobacco. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:fiac024. [PMID: 35212759 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel) is an achlorophyllous root parasitic plant with a wide host range. Its complex management is leading to the abandonment of tobacco or oilseed rape cultivation in the most affected regions in France. Among broomrape regulation factors, soil microorganisms such as fungi seem to be a relevant biocontrol lever. The aim of this work was to detect potential mycoherbicides among fungal endophytic colonizers of P. ramosa parasitizing tobacco. Our hypothesis was that both the inhibitory of broomrape seed germination and the necrotic activities are characteristic of the fungal isolates whatever their taxonomic position. To test this hypothesis, we analysed the taxonomic and functional diversity of fungal isolates of symptomatic P. ramosa collected from infested tobacco-growing regions in France in order to identify one or more fungal strains for future biocontrol. The fungal isolates were characterized using morphological and molecular identification tools and tested for their ability to inhibit the germination of P. ramosa seeds, their necrotic activity on the stems of the pest and their non-pathogenicity to the host plant. We highlighted the specific richness of fungal colonizers associated with symptomatic P. ramosa. Among the 374 collected isolates, nearly 80% belonged to 19 Fusarium species. Eighty-seven isolates representative of this diversity also showed functional diversity by inhibiting seed germination of the parasite. The 20 best-performing isolates showed differences in germination inhibition of P. ramosa at the intraspecific level. Among these 20 fungal isolates, a set of 15 randomly selected isolates was tested for their necrotic activity on the parasite stems. Fusarium venenatum isolates showed dual competence, i.e. germination inhibition and necrotic activity, and were non-pathogenic to tobacco. This led us to discuss the potential mycoherbicidal effect of this fungal species on P. ramosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gibot-Leclerc
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lucie Guinchard
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Véronique Edel-Hermann
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabrice Dessaint
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Dïnia Cartry
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carole Reibel
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nadine Gautheron
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Eric Bernaud
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Christian Steinberg
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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Natural Plant Extracts and Microbial Antagonists to Control Fungal Pathogens and Improve the Productivity of Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) In Vitro and in Greenhouse. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists have the potential for use in increasing the fungal resistance and productivity of horticulture plants. Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of both natural plant extracts and microbial antagonists as a biotical control of some fungal pathogens, i.e., Fusarium ssp., Exserohilum ssp. and Nigrospora ssp., along with improving the growth and productivity performance of zucchini under greenhouse conditions. Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extract (LE), Citrus sinensis LE, Ficus benghalensis fruit extract (FE), and two microbial antagonists Pseudomonas fluorescens (accession no. MW647093) and Trichoderma viride (accession no. MW647090) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Through morphological characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, Fusarium solani (accession no. MW947256), F. oxysporum (accession no. MW947254), Exserohilum rostratum (accession no. MW947255), and Nigrospora lacticolonia (accession no. MW947253) were identified. HPLC analysis was used for the identification of phenolic compounds (PCs) and flavonoid compounds (FCs) in the extracts. Results: The highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG) against F. oxysporum was obtained with P. fluorescens, T. viride, and E. camaldulensis LE (4000 mg/L); F. solani with P. fluorescens, T. viride, and C. sinensis LE (4000 mg/L); Exserohilum rostratum with P. fluorescens, Ficus benghalensis FE (4000 mg/L) and E. camaldulensis LE (4000 mg/L), and N. lacticolonia with P. fluorescens. Using HPLC analysis, the abundant PCs in E. camaldulensis LE were pyrogallol, and caffeic acid, those in C. sinensis LE were syringic acid and ferulic acid, and those in F. benghalensis FE were gallic acid and syringic acid. In addition, the abundant FCs in E. camaldulensis LE were kaempferol, and naringin, those in C. sinensis LE were hesperidin and quercetin, and those in F. benghalensis FE were kaempferol and quercetin. Under greenhouse experiments, T. viride and E. camaldulensis LE (4000 mg/L) followed by P. fluorescens + T. viride treatments gave the best results of zucchini plants in terms of leaf area, fruits number per plant, yield per plant, and total yield (marketable and non-marketable). Conclusions: Plant extracts and bioagents can be used to control some zucchini fungal pathogens and increase the productivity performance of zucchini plants.
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Nephalela-Mavhunga M, Kwinda GT, Summerell BA, Venter E, Jacobs A. Genetic Diversity of the Fusarium oxysporum Complex Isolated from the Grassland Biome of South Africa. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1459-1469. [PMID: 33225833 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-20-0377-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The genetic diversity of pathogenic members of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) has been intensively studied worldwide, yet strains occurring in native soils with low anthropogenic disturbance remain poorly understood. This study focused on 355 F. oxysporum isolates from soils with low anthropogenic activity obtained from the grassland biome of South Africa. Analysis of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1α) gene revealed high levels of sequence type diversity within the soil population in comparison with the global dataset. Phylogenetic relationships of the South African isolates revealed that four nested within FOSC clade 1. This is the first report of members of the basal clade recovered from ecosystems with low anthropogenic disturbance from Sub-Saharan Africa. The remaining strains nested within clades 2 to 5. This study contributes significantly to our understanding of the distribution of the FOSC in natural systems as we show that FOSC populations in the South African grassland biome are genetically diverse. This fills in our knowledge gap because previous studies reported only on the occurrence and diversity of the FOSC isolated from plant debris in South Africa. This is the first comprehensive survey of fusaria from grassland soils with low anthropogenic disturbance in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudzuli Nephalela-Mavhunga
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Grace T Kwinda
- Biosystematics Unit, Plant Health and Protection, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Brett A Summerell
- Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Eduard Venter
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Adriaana Jacobs
- Biosystematics Unit, Plant Health and Protection, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Dvorianinova EM, Pushkova EN, Novakovskiy RO, Povkhova LV, Bolsheva NL, Kudryavtseva LP, Rozhmina TA, Melnikova NV, Dmitriev AA. Nanopore and Illumina Genome Sequencing of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini Strains of Different Virulence. Front Genet 2021; 12:662928. [PMID: 34220940 PMCID: PMC8248858 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.662928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M Dvorianinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N Pushkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman O Novakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liubov V Povkhova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda L Bolsheva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Nataliya V Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Magdama F, Monserrate-Maggi L, Serrano L, García Onofre J, Jiménez-Gasco MDM. Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the Fusarium Wilt Pathogen of Banana, in Ecuador. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1133. [PMID: 32882937 PMCID: PMC7570379 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The continued dispersal of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical race 4 (FocTR4), a quarantine soil-borne pathogen that kills banana, has placed this worldwide industry on alert and triggered enormous pressure on National Plant Protection (NPOs) agencies to limit new incursions. Accordingly, biosecurity plays an important role while long-term control strategies are developed. Aiming to strengthen the contingency response plan of Ecuador against FocTR4, a population biology study-including phylogenetics, mating type, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and pathogenicity testing-was performed on isolates affecting local bananas, presumably associated with race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Our results revealed that Foc populations in Ecuador comprise a single clonal lineage, associated with VCG0120. The lack of diversity observed in Foc populations is consistent with a single introduction event from which secondary outbreaks originated. The predominance of VCG0120, together with previous reports of its presence in Latin America countries, suggests this group as the main cause of the devastating Fusarium wilt epidemics that occurred in the 1950s associated to the demise of 'Gros Michel' bananas in the region. The isolates sampled from Ecuador caused disease in cultivars that are susceptible to races 1 and 2 under greenhouse experiments, although Fusarium wilt symptoms in the field were only found in 'Gros Michel'. Isolates belonging to the same VCG0120 have historically caused disease on Cavendish cultivars in the subtropics. Overall, this study shows how Foc can be easily dispersed to other areas if restriction of contaminated materials is not well enforced. We highlight the need of major efforts on awareness and monitoring campaigns to analyze suspected cases and to contain potential first introduction events of FocTR4 in Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Magdama
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil 09015863, Ecuador;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil E C090112, Ecuador; (L.M.-M.); (L.S.); (J.G.O.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Lorena Monserrate-Maggi
- Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil E C090112, Ecuador; (L.M.-M.); (L.S.); (J.G.O.)
| | - Lizette Serrano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil E C090112, Ecuador; (L.M.-M.); (L.S.); (J.G.O.)
| | - José García Onofre
- Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil E C090112, Ecuador; (L.M.-M.); (L.S.); (J.G.O.)
| | - María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Mohamed AA, El-Hefny M, El-Shanhorey NA, Ali HM. Foliar Application of Bio-Stimulants Enhancing the Production and the Toxicity of Origanum majorana Essential Oils Against Four Rice Seed-Borne Fungi. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102363. [PMID: 32438754 PMCID: PMC7288173 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the enhancement of the production of Origanum majorana essential oils (EOs) was studied by treating plants with ascorbic acid (AA) and tryptophan (Trp) at concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 mg/L and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) at 2.5%, 5% and 10% as foliar applications during the seasons 2018–2019. The toxicities of the EOs were assayed against four seed-borne fungi (Bipolaris orzyae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium verticilliodies and F. graminearum) isolated from rice grains (Oryzae sativa). Vegetative growth parameters and EO production were enhanced by the application of AA, Trp and MLE in both seasons. Analysis of the EOs by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the main chemical constituents were terpineol (cis-β-(1-terpinenol)), terpinen-4-ol, 4-thujanol (sabinene hydrate), α-terpineol, cymene and sabinene. The highest fungal mycelial growth inhibition (FMGI) percentages against F. verticilliodies were 94.57% and 92.63% as MLE at 5% and 10%, respectively, was applied to plants and 85.60% and 82.19% against F. graminearum as Trp was applied to plants at 300 and 200 mg/L, respectively. EOs from the treated plant with MLE (10%) observed the highest FMGI (84.46%) against B. oryzae, and EOs from plants treated with AA as foliar application at 300 and 200 mg/L showed the highest FMGI values of 81.11% and 81.85%, respectively, against the growth of C. lunata. Application of EOs extracted from plants treated with Trp, AA and MLE at 300 mg/L, 300 mg/L and 10%, respectively, or untreated plants to rice seeds inhibited or decreased the fungal infection percentage from 82.5% (naturally infected grains) to 1.75%, 10.5%, 17.5% and 18.5%, respectively. In conclusion, the extracted EOs affected by the foliar application of O. majorana plants with Trp, AA, and MLE could be useful as a biofungicide against rice seed-borne fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A. Mohamed
- Plant Pathology Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Alexandria 21616, Egypt;
| | - Mervat El-Hefny
- Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Nader A. El-Shanhorey
- Department of Botanical Gardens Research, Horticultural Research Institute (ARC), Alexandria 21554, Egypt;
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Timber Trees Research Department, Sabahia Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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11
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Magdama F, Monserrate-Maggi L, Serrano L, Sosa D, Geiser DM, Jiménez-Gasco MDM. Comparative analysis uncovers the limitations of current molecular detection methods for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 strains. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222727. [PMID: 31545825 PMCID: PMC6756539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4) is threatening banana production worldwide. Despite quarantine efforts, the pathogen continues to spread; thus, early diagnosis plays an essential role for the proper execution of contingency plans. Here, we assess the accuracy of four PCR-based molecular methods described in the literature for the identification and detection of race 4 strains, including Subtropical (Foc STR4) and Tropical Race 4 causing Fusarium wilt of banana. We screened a total of 302 isolates using these four markers, and performed phylogenetic analyses, Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) testing, sequence comparison, and pathogenicity tests for selected isolates. Our results show that three out of the four markers tested are not reliable for identification of Foc STR4 and TR4, as DNA from isolates from Ecuador, pathogenic and nonpathogenic to banana, obtained from different banana cultivars, displayed cross-reaction with these methods; that is, false positives can occur during the diagnostic process for race 4. Phylogenetic analyses, VCG testing, sequence comparison, and pathogenicity tests suggest the presence of non-target F. oxysporum isolates that share genomic regions with pathogenic strains but lack true pathogenicity to banana. The findings of this work are of foremost importance for international regulatory agencies performing surveillance tests in pathogen-free areas using the current diagnostic methods. We suggest the use of a genetic locus possibly related to virulence, previously identified by T-DNA, and amplified with primers W2987F/ W2987R, for diagnosis of Foc TR4 as the most reliable alternative. We urge the adoption of a more holistic view in the study of F. oxysporum as a plant pathogen that considers the biology and diversity of the species for the development of better diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Magdama
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Lorena Monserrate-Maggi
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Lizette Serrano
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Daynet Sosa
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - David M. Geiser
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Edel-Hermann V, Lecomte C. Current Status of Fusarium oxysporum Formae Speciales and Races. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:512-530. [PMID: 30461350 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-18-0320-rvw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The Fusarium oxysporum species complex includes both plant pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains, which are commonly found in soils. F. oxysporum has received considerable attention from plant pathologists for more than a century owing to its broad host range and the economic losses it causes. The narrow host specificity of pathogenic strains has led to the concept of formae speciales, each forma specialis grouping strains with the same host range. Initially restricted to one plant species, this host range was later found to be broader for many formae speciales. In addition, races were identified in some formae speciales, generally with cultivar-level specialization. In 1981, Armstrong and Armstrong listed 79 F. oxysporum formae speciales and mentioned races in 16 of them. Since then, the known host range of F. oxysporum has considerably increased, and many new formae speciales and races have been identified. We carried out a comprehensive search of the literature to propose this review of F. oxysporum formae speciales and races. We recorded 106 well-characterized formae speciales, together with 37 insufficiently documented ones, and updated knowledge on races and host ranges. We also recorded 58 plant species/genera susceptible to F. oxysporum but for which a forma specialis has not been characterized yet. This review raises issues regarding the nomenclature and the description of F. oxysporum formae speciales and races.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Edel-Hermann
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - C Lecomte
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
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13
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Steinberg C, Laurent J, Edel-Hermann V, Barbezant M, Sixt N, Dalle F, Aho S, Bonnin A, Hartemann P, Sautour M. Adaptation of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium dimerum to the specific aquatic environment provided by the water systems of hospitals. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 76:53-65. [PMID: 25792434 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Fusarium group were recently detected in water distribution systems of several hospitals in the world. An epidemiological investigation was conducted over 2 years in hospital buildings in Dijon and Nancy (France) and in non-hospital buildings in Dijon. The fungi were detected only within the water distribution systems of the hospital buildings and also, but at very low concentrations, in the urban water network of Nancy. All fungi were identified as Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) and Fusarium dimerum species complex (FDSC) by sequencing part of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α) gene. Very low diversity was found in each complex, suggesting the existence of a clonal population for each. Density and heterogeneous distributions according to buildings and variability over time were explained by episodic detachments of parts of the colony from biofilms in the pipes. Isolates of these waterborne populations as well as soilborne isolates were tested for their ability to grow in liquid medium in the presence of increasing concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, copper sulfate, anti-corrosion pipe coating, at various temperatures (4°-42 °C) and on agar medium with amphotericin B and voriconazole. The waterborne isolates tolerated higher sodium hypochlorite and copper sulfate concentrations and temperatures than did soilborne isolates but did not show any specific resistance to fungicides. In addition, unlike waterborne isolates, soilborne isolates did not survive in water even supplemented with glucose, while the former developed in the soil as well as soilborne isolates. We concluded the existence of homogeneous populations of FOSC and FDSC common to all contaminated hospital sites. These populations are present at very low densities in natural waters, making them difficult to detect, but they are adapted to the specific conditions offered by the complex water systems of public hospitals in Dijon and Nancy and probably other localities in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Laurent
- INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie Barbezant
- Department Environment and Public, Health Nancy University, Hospital Hygiene Unit, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP154, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Sixt
- Environmental Microbiology, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Dalle
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Serge Aho
- Hospital Hygiene and Epidemiology unit, Hôpital du Bocage, BP 77908, F-21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Alain Bonnin
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Hartemann
- Department Environment and Public, Health Nancy University, Hospital Hygiene Unit, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP154, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Marc Sautour
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
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14
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Maeda K, Spor A, Edel-Hermann V, Heraud C, Breuil MC, Bizouard F, Toyoda S, Yoshida N, Steinberg C, Philippot L. N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9697. [PMID: 25894103 PMCID: PMC4403702 DOI: 10.1038/srep09697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
N2O is a powerful greenhouse gas contributing both to global warming and ozone depletion. While fungi have been identified as a putative source of N2O, little is known about their production of this greenhouse gas. Here we investigated the N2O-producing ability of a collection of 207 fungal isolates. Seventy strains producing N2O in pure culture were identified. They were mostly species from the order Hypocreales order—particularly Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma spp.—and to a lesser extent species from the orders Eurotiales, Sordariales, and Chaetosphaeriales. The N2O 15N site preference (SP) values of the fungal strains ranged from 15.8‰ to 36.7‰, and we observed a significant taxa effect, with Penicillium strains displaying lower SP values than the other fungal genera. Inoculation of 15 N2O-producing strains into pre-sterilized arable, forest and grassland soils confirmed the ability of the strains to produce N2O in soil with a significant strain-by-soil effect. The copper-containing nitrite reductase gene (nirK) was amplified from 45 N2O-producing strains, and its genetic variability showed a strong congruence with the ITS phylogeny, indicating vertical inheritance of this trait. Taken together, this comprehensive set of findings should enhance our knowledge of fungi as a source of N2O in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maeda
- 1] NARO, Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Dairy Research Division, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan [2] INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Aymé Spor
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | - Cécile Heraud
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | - Florian Bizouard
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Sakae Toyoda
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoshida
- 1] Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan [2] Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan [3] Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | | | - Laurent Philippot
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
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15
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Edel-Hermann V, Gautheron N, Mounier A, Steinberg C. Fusarium diversity in soil using a specific molecular approach and a cultural approach. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 111:64-71. [PMID: 25655778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species are ubiquitous in soil. They cause plant and human diseases and can produce mycotoxins. Surveys of Fusarium species diversity in environmental samples usually rely on laborious culture-based methods. In the present study, we have developed a molecular method to analyze Fusarium diversity directly from soil DNA. We designed primers targeting the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene and demonstrated their specificity toward Fusarium using a large collection of fungi. We used the specific primers to construct a clone library from three contrasting soils. Sequence analysis confirmed the specificity of the assay, with 750 clones identified as Fusarium and distributed among eight species or species complexes. The Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) was the most abundant one in the three soils, followed by the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC). We then compared our molecular approach results with those obtained by isolating Fusarium colonies on two culture media and identifying species by sequencing part of the EF-1α gene. The 750 isolates were distributed into eight species or species complexes, with the same dominant species as with the cloning method. Sequence diversity was much higher in the clone library than in the isolate collection. The molecular approach proved to be a valuable tool to assess Fusarium diversity in environmental samples. Combined with high throughput sequencing, it will allow for in-depth analysis of large numbers of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnaud Mounier
- INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
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16
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Demers JE, Gugino BK, Jiménez-Gasco MDM. Highly diverse endophytic and soil Fusarium oxysporum populations associated with field-grown tomato plants. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:81-90. [PMID: 25304514 PMCID: PMC4272710 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02590-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity and genetic differentiation of populations of Fusarium oxysporum associated with tomato fields, both endophytes obtained from tomato plants and isolates obtained from soil surrounding the sampled plants, were investigated. A total of 609 isolates of F. oxysporum were obtained, 295 isolates from a total of 32 asymptomatic tomato plants in two fields and 314 isolates from eight soil cores sampled from the area surrounding the plants. Included in this total were 112 isolates from the stems of all 32 plants, a niche that has not been previously included in F. oxysporum population genetics studies. Isolates were characterized using the DNA sequence of the translation elongation factor 1α gene. A diverse population of 26 sequence types was found, although two sequence types represented nearly two-thirds of the isolates studied. The sequence types were placed in different phylogenetic clades within F. oxysporum, and endophytic isolates were not monophyletic. Multiple sequence types were found in all plants, with an average of 4.2 per plant. The population compositions differed between the two fields but not between soil samples within each field. A certain degree of differentiation was observed between populations associated with different tomato cultivars, suggesting that the host genotype may affect the composition of plant-associated F. oxysporum populations. No clear patterns of genetic differentiation were observed between endophyte populations and soil populations, suggesting a lack of specialization of endophytic isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Demers
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beth K Gugino
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - María Del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Dananché C, Cassier P, Sautour M, Gautheron N, Wegrzyn J, Perraud M, Bienvenu AL, Nicolle MC, Boibieux A, Vanhems P. Fungaemia caused by Fusarium proliferatum in a patient without definite immunodeficiency. Mycopathologia 2014; 179:135-40. [PMID: 25253233 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent literature has shown the growing importance of opportunistic fungal infections due to Fusarium spp. However, disseminated fusariosis remains rare in patients without neutropenia. We report a case of fungaemia in a 78-year-old French woman without definite immunodeficiency. Fusarium proliferatum grew from both central and peripheral blood cultures. Fever was the only clinical sign of the infection. An appropriate antifungal therapy with voriconazole led to the recovery of the patient. An environmental investigation was undertaken but failed to find a reservoir of Fusarium spores. A contaminated central venous catheter might have been the source of fungaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Dananché
- Infection Control Department and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Service Hygiène, Epidémiologie et Prévention, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon Cedex 03, France,
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18
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Zhao B, Yan J, Zhang S, Liu X, Gao Z. Phylogeny and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolated from greenhouse melon soil in Liaoning Province. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:374-9. [PMID: 25183948 PMCID: PMC4150224 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi of the Fusarium oxysporum are widely distributed around the world in all types of soils, and they are all anamorphic species. In order to investigate the relationships and differences among Fusarium spp., 25 Fusarium spp. were isolated from greenhouse melon soils in Liaoning Province, China. With these 25 strains, three positive control Fusarium strains were analyzed using universally primed PCR (UP-PCR). Seventy-three bands appeared after amplification using 6 primers, and 66 of these bands (90.4%) were polymorphic. All strains were clustered into eight groups, though 14 strains of F. oxysporum were clustered into a single group. We concluded that UP-PCR could reveal the genetic relationships and differences among Fusarium strains. Moreover, the UP-PCR results suggested that F. oxysporum is distinguishable from other Fusarium spp. Thus, UP-PCR is a useful method for Fusarium classification. The pathogenicity of 13 strains of F. oxysporum to muskmelon, cucumber and watermelon seedlings was studied by infecting the seedlings with a spore suspension after cutting the root. The results showed that the F. oxysporum strains were pathogenic to all three melon types, although the pathogenicity differed significantly among the 13 strains. In addition, all strains had the greatest pathogenicity toward watermelon. Since the factors affecting pathogenicity vary widely, they should be considered in future studies on Fusarium spp. The results of such studies may then yield an accurate description of the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixia Zhao
- Dalian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Dalian 116036, China
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jianfang Yan
- College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zenggui Gao
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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19
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Chen Y, Zhou Q, Strelkov SE, Hwang SF. Genetic Diversity and Aggressiveness of Fusarium spp. Isolated from Canola in Alberta, Canada. PLANT DISEASE 2014; 98:727-738. [PMID: 30708639 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-13-0061-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus) is one of the most economically important oilseed crops in Canada. Fusarium seedling blight is a root disease with the potential to cause severe yield reductions in canola. Fusarium spp. are commonly isolated root pathogens from fields in Alberta. Fusarium infection can also cause root rot in adult plants. In this study, 128 isolates identified as Fusarium spp. were recovered from field soils in central Alberta and from the roots of diseased canola plants with typical Fusarium seedling blight symptoms. Six species of Fusarium were identified, with Fusarium acuminatum as the predominant species (57 of 128 isolates, 44.5%). Phylogenetic analyses based on the translation elongation factor 1-α and the internal transcribed spacer sequence data were used for evaluation of genetic variations, and also used for Fusarium spp. identification in combination with morphological characteristics and polymerase chain reaction-based analyses. Based on disease ratings in pathogenicity tests, six isolates of F. avenaceum showed high aggressiveness on canola. Also, the aggressiveness varied within all Fusarium spp. No correlation was observed between aggressiveness and the geographic origin of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Crop Diversification Centre North, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton, AB, T5Y 6H3, Canada
| | - Stephen E Strelkov
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton
| | - Sheau-Fang Hwang
- Crop Diversification Centre North, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton
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20
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Abstract
Most ecosystems are populated by a large number of diversified microorganisms, which interact with one another and form complex interaction networks. In addition, some of these microorganisms may colonize the surface or internal parts of plants and animals, thereby providing an additional level of interaction complexity. These microbial relations range from intraspecific to interspecific interactions, and from simple short-term interactions to intricate long-term ones. They have played a key role in the formation of plant and animal kingdoms, often resulting in coevolution; they control the size, activity level, and diversity patterns of microbial communities. Therefore, they modulate trophic networks and biogeochemical cycles, regulate ecosystem productivity, and determine the ecology and health of plant and animal partners. A better understanding of these interactions is needed to develop microbe-based ecological engineering strategies for environmental sustainability and conservation, to improve environment-friendly approaches for feed and food production, and to address health challenges posed by infectious diseases. The main types of biotic interactions are presented: interactions between microorganisms, interactions between microorganisms and plants, and interactions between microorganisms and animals.
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21
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Merlin C, Devers M, Crouzet O, Heraud C, Steinberg C, Mougin C, Martin-Laurent F. Characterization of chlordecone-tolerant fungal populations isolated from long-term polluted tropical volcanic soil in the French West Indies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:4914-4927. [PMID: 23872892 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The insecticide chlordecone is a contaminant found in most of the banana plantations in the French West Indies. This study aims to search for fungal populations able to grow on it. An Andosol heavily contaminated with chlordecone, perfused for 1 year in a soil-charcoal system, was used to conduct enrichment cultures. A total of 103 fungal strains able to grow on chlordecone-mineral salt medium were isolated, purified, and deposited in the MIAE collection (Microorganismes d'Intérêt Agro-Environnemental, UMR Agroécologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Dijon, France). Internal transcribed spacer sequencing revealed that all isolated strains belonged to the Ascomycota phylum and gathered in 11 genera: Metacordyceps, Cordyceps, Pochonia, Acremonium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Ophiocordyceps, Purpureocillium, Bionectria, Penicillium, and Aspergillus. Among predominant species, only one isolate, Fusarium oxysporum MIAE01197, was able to grow in a liquid culture medium that contained chlordecone as sole carbon source. Chlordecone increased F. oxysporum MIAE01197 growth rate, attesting for its tolerance to this organochlorine. Moreover, F. oxysporum MIAE01197 exhibited a higher EC50 value than the reference strain F. oxysporum MIAE00047. This further suggests its adaptation to chlordecone tolerance up to 29.2 mg l(-1). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that 40 % of chlordecone was dissipated in F. oxysporum MIAE01197 suspension culture. No chlordecone metabolite was detected by GC-MS. However, weak amount of (14)CO2 evolved from (14)C10-chlordecone and (14)C10-metabolites were observed. Sorption of (14)C10-chlordecone onto fungal biomass followed a linear relationship (r (2) = 0.99) suggesting that it may also account for chlordecone dissipation in F. oxysporum MIAE01197 culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Merlin
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pole Ecoldur, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France
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22
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Hafizi R, Salleh B, Latiffah Z. Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium. solani and F. oxysporum associated with crown disease of oil palm. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:959-68. [PMID: 24516465 PMCID: PMC3910218 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000300047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Crown disease (CD) is infecting oil palm in the early stages of the crop development. Previous studies showed that Fusarium species were commonly associated with CD. However, the identity of the species has not been resolved. This study was carried out to identify and characterize through morphological approaches and to determine the genetic diversity of the Fusarium species. 51 isolates (39%) of Fusarium solani and 40 isolates (31%) of Fusarium oxysporum were recovered from oil palm with typical CD symptoms collected from nine states in Malaysia, together with samples from Padang and Medan, Indonesia. Based on morphological characteristics, isolates in both Fusarium species were classified into two distinct morphotypes; Morphotypes I and II. Molecular characterization based on IGS-RFLP analysis produced 27 haplotypes among the F. solani isolates and 33 haplotypes for F. oxysporum isolates, which indicated high levels of intraspecific variations. From UPGMA cluster analysis, the isolates in both Fusarium species were divided into two main clusters with the percentage of similarity from 87% to 100% for F. solani, and 89% to 100% for F. oxysporum isolates, which was in accordance with the Morphotypes I and II. The results of the present study indicated that F. solani and F. oxysporum associated with CD of oil palm in Malaysia and Indonesia were highly variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Hafizi
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - B. Salleh
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Z. Latiffah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Lopes FC, Tichota DM, Sauter IP, Meira SMM, Segalin J, Rott MB, Rios AO, Brandelli A. Active metabolites produced by Penicillium chrysogenum IFL1 growing on agro-industrial residues. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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24
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Sautour M, Edel-Hermann V, Steinberg C, Sixt N, Laurent J, Dalle F, Aho S, Hartemann P, L’Ollivier C, Goyer M, Bonnin A. Fusarium species recovered from the water distribution system of a French university hospital. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2012; 215:286-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Pseudomonas and other Microbes in Disease-Suppressive Soils. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4113-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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García Bayona L, Grajales A, Cárdenas ME, Sierra R, Lozano G, Garavito MF, Cepero de García MC, Bernal A, Jiménez P, Restrepo S. Isolation and characterization of two strains of Fusarium oxysporum causing potato dry rot in Solanum tuberosum in Colombia. Rev Iberoam Micol 2011; 28:166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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27
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Fourie G, Steenkamp ET, Ploetz RC, Gordon TR, Viljoen A. Current status of the taxonomic position of Fusarium oxysporum formae specialis cubense within the Fusarium oxysporum complex. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2011; 11:533-42. [PMID: 21256980 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is an asexual fungal species that includes human and animal pathogens and a diverse range of nonpathogens. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of this species can be distinguished from each other with pathogenicity tests, but not with morphological analysis or sexual compatibility studies. Substantial genetic diversity among isolates has led to the realization that F. oxysporum represents a complex of cryptic species. F. oxysporum f. sp cubense (Foc), causal agent of Fusarium wilt of banana, is one of the more than 150 plant pathogenic forms of F. oxysporum. Multi-gene phylogenetic studies of Foc revealed at least eight phylogenetic lineages, a finding that was supported by random amplified polymorphic DNAs, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and amplified fragment length polymorphisms. Most of these lineages consist of isolates in closely related vegetative compatibility groups, some of which possess opposite mating type alleles, MAT-1 and MAT-2; thus, the evolutionary history of this fungus may have included recent sexual reproduction. The ability to cause disease on all or some of the current race differential cultivars has evolved convergently in the taxon, as members of some races appear in different phylogenetic lineages. Therefore, various factors including co-evolution the plant host and horizontal gene transfer are thought to have shaped the evolutionary history of Foc. This review discusses the evolution of Foc as a model formae specialis in F. oxysporum in relation to recent research findings involving DNA-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fourie
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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28
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Ingle A, Rai M. Genetic diversity among Indian phytopathogenic isolates of Fusarium semitectum Berkeley and Ravenel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2011.23023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Characterization of field isolates of Trichoderma antagonistic against Rhizoctonia solani. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:691-701. [PMID: 20943179 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize sixteen isolates of Trichoderma originating from a field of sugar beet where disease patches caused by Rhizoctonia solani were observed. Use of both molecular and morphological characteristics gave consistent identification of the isolates. Production of water-soluble and volatile inhibitors, mycoparasitism and induced systemic resistance in plant host were investigated using in vitro and in vivo tests in both sterilized and natural soils. This functional approach revealed the intra-specific diversity as well as biocontrol potential of the different isolates. Different antagonistic mechanisms were evident for different strains. The most antagonistic strain, T30 was identified as Trichoderma gamsii. This is the first report of an efficient antagonistic strain of T. gamsii being able to reduce the disease in different conditions. The ability to produce water-soluble inhibitors or coil around the hyphae of the pathogen in vitro was not related to the disease reduction in vivo. Additionally, the strains collected from the high disease areas in the field were better antagonists. The antagonistic activity was not characteristic of a species but that of a population.
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30
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O'Donnell K, Gueidan C, Sink S, Johnston PR, Crous PW, Glenn A, Riley R, Zitomer NC, Colyer P, Waalwijk C, Lee TVD, Moretti A, Kang S, Kim HS, Geiser DM, Juba JH, Baayen RP, Cromey MG, Bithell S, Sutton DA, Skovgaard K, Ploetz R, Corby Kistler H, Elliott M, Davis M, Sarver BAJ. A two-locus DNA sequence database for typing plant and human pathogens within the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. Fungal Genet Biol 2009; 46:936-48. [PMID: 19715767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a two-locus database, comprising partial translation elongation factor (EF-1alpha) gene sequences and nearly full-length sequences of the nuclear ribosomal intergenic spacer region (IGS rDNA) for 850 isolates spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC). Of the 850 isolates typed, 101 EF-1alpha, 203 IGS rDNA, and 256 two-locus sequence types (STs) were differentiated. Analysis of the combined dataset suggests that two-thirds of the STs might be associated with a single host plant. This analysis also revealed that the 26 STs associated with human mycoses were genetically diverse, including several which appear to be nosocomial in origin. A congruence analysis, comparing partial EF-1alpha and IGS rDNA bootstrap consensus, identified a significant number of conflicting relationships dispersed throughout the bipartitions, suggesting that some of the IGS rDNA sequences may be non-orthologous. We also evaluated enniatin, fumonisin and moniliformin mycotoxin production in vitro within a phylogenetic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry O'Donnell
- Microbial Genomics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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31
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ZAKARIA LATIFFAH, ZAIN NURHAYATIM, SALLEH BAHARUDDIN, ZAKARIA MAZIAH. Morphological and RAPD Analysis of Fusarium Species Associated with Root and Stem Rot of Dendrobium Orchid in Northern Peninsula Malaysia. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.16.2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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32
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Llorens A, Hinojo MJ, Mateo R, Medina A, Valle-Algarra FM, González-Jaén MT, Jiménez M. Variability and characterization of mycotoxin-producing Fusarium spp isolates by PCR-RFLP analysis of the IGS-rDNA region. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2006; 89:465-78. [PMID: 16779639 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-005-9045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present report, a total of 75 Fusarium spp isolates (35 of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex, 26 of F. oxysporum, 7 of F. graminearum, 5 of F. culmorum, 1 of F. cerealis, and 1 of F. poae) from different hosts were characterized morphologically, physiologically and genetically. Morphological characterization was performed according to macroscopic and microscopic aspects. Physiological characterization was based on their ability to produce fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), zearalenone (ZEA) and type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol). FB1, FB2, and ZEA were determined by liquid chromatography and trichothecenes by gas chromatography. Molecular characterization of isolates was carried out using an optimized and simple method for isolation of DNA from filamentous fungi and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) of the intergenic spacer region (IGS) of the rDNA. The results indicated that G. fujikuroi complex isolates can be divided into low and high fumonisin producers. The haplotypes obtained with HhaI, EcoRI, AluI, PstI and XhoI enzymes provided very characteristic groupings of G. fujikuroi isolates as a function of host type and fumonisin producing capacity. F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. cerealis isolates were high ZEA and type B trichothecene producers, while F. oxysporum and the G. fujikuroi complex isolates did not show this ability. The haplotypes obtained with CfoI, AluI, HapII, XhoI, EcoRI and PstI enzymes permitted to discern these five Fusarium species and G. fujikuroi complex isolates but the restriction patterns of the IGS region did not show any relationship with the geographic origin of isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Llorens
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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33
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Fávaro LCDL, Araújo WLD, Azevedo JLD, Paccola-Meirelles LD. The biology and potential for genetic research of transposable elements in filamentous fungi. Genet Mol Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572005000500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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34
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Abo K, Klein KK, Edel-Hermann V, Gautheron N, Traore D, Steinberg C. High Genetic Diversity Among Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum from Cotton in Ivory Coast. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2005; 95:1391-6. [PMID: 18943549 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-95-1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Seventeen isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum from the Ivory Coast were characterized using vegetative compatibility group (VCG), restriction fragment length polymorphism of the ribosomal inter-genic spacer region (IGS), and mating type (MAT) idiomorph, and compared with a worldwide collection of the pathogen containing all available reference strains. Some of the isolates were identical to known reference strains for all three traits, whereas others had previously unknown varieties of IGS and (possibly) VCG. One or the other MAT idiomorph was present in each of the new isolates and the reference strains. The new isolates and reference strains were grouped based upon the three traits. Strains from the Ivory Coast were found in 7 of 11 groups detected, suggesting multiple sources for Fusarium wilt in the country. Despite the presence of both MAT idiomorphs among isolates, no evidence for recombination was found.
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35
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Dong D, Liu H, Peng H, Huang X, Zhang X, Xu Y. Rapid differentiation of Fusarium oxysporum isolates using PCR-SSCP with the combination of pH-variable electrophoretic medium and low temperature. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:4287-95. [PMID: 16287185 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of Fusarium oxysporum is significantly important for unraveling the pathogenetic mechanism of Fusaria wilts. In this study, isolates of F. oxysporum were screened from the soils in the rhizosphere of watermelon plant by Komada medium and differentiated by SSCP approach with the combination of pH-variable electrophoretic medium (Tris-MES-EDTA (TME), pH 6.1) and low temperature (9 degrees C). We found that TME was a good electrophoretic medium and its pH value was variable over the course of electrophoresis in our apparatus. The pH-variable electrophoretic medium made more contribution for the better differentiation of F. oxysporum isolates than low temperature. The combination of TME pH 6.1 and low temperature showed an improved effect on resolution of ssDNAs. Leaving partial nondenatured dsDNA for SSCP was advantageous for differentiation of F. oxysporum isolates. The SSCP patterns of F. oxysporum isolates proved to be highly reproducible. Sequencing data confirmed that this SSCP method could detect one single base change within the 550 bp PCR fragment from the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region of F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexian Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
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36
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Llorens A, Hinojo MJ, Mateo R, González-Jaén MT, Valle-Algarra FM, Logrieco A, Jiménez M. Characterization of Fusarium spp. isolates by PCR-RFLP analysis of the intergenic spacer region of the rRNA gene (rDNA). Int J Food Microbiol 2005; 106:297-306. [PMID: 16246443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2004] [Revised: 08/16/2005] [Accepted: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 44 Fusarium spp. isolates (5 Fusarium culmorum, 7 Fusarium graminearum, 1 Fusarium cerealis, 1 Fusarium poae, 26 Fusarium oxysporum, and 4 Gibberella fujikuroi species complex) were characterized morphologically, physiologically and genetically. All except one (Dutch Collection: CBS 620.72) were isolated from different hosts grown in various Spanish localizations. Morphological characterization was made according to macroscopic and microscopic aspects. Physiological characterization was based on their ability to produce zearalenone (ZEA) and type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol). ZEA was determined by liquid chromatography and trichothecenes by gas chromatography. Confirmation was carried out by liquid chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometry (ZEA) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (trichothecenes). Molecular characterization of isolates was performed using an optimized, simple and low-cost method for isolation of DNA from filamentous fungi and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) of the intergenic spacer region (IGS) of the rRNA gene (rDNA). The results indicate that F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. cerealis isolates were high ZEA and type B trichothecene producers, the F. poae isolate produced very low level of nivalenol while F. oxysporum and the G. fujikuroi complex isolates did not show this ability. Restriction patterns of the IGS region did not show any relationship with the host, geographic origin of the isolate and mycotoxin-producing capacity. However, the haplotypes obtained with six restriction enzymes (CfoI, AluI, HapII, XhoI, EcoRI and PstI) permitted to discern the six assayed Fusarium species. Therefore, this is a rapid and suitable methodology that allows closely related strains to group and to estimate the genetic relationships between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Llorens
- Departamento Microbiologia y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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37
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Schouten A, van den Berg G, Edel-Hermann V, Steinberg C, Gautheron N, Alabouvette C, de Vos CH, Lemanceau P, Raaijmakers JM. Defense responses of Fusarium oxysporum to 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2004; 17:1201-1211. [PMID: 15559985 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.11.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A collection of 76 plant-pathogenic and 41 saprophytic Fusarium oxysporum strains was screened for sensitivity to 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by multiple strains of antagonistic Pseudomonas fluorescens. Approximately 17% of the F. oxysporum strains were relatively tolerant to high 2,4-DAPG concentrations. Tolerance to 2,4-DAPG did not correlate with the geographic origin of the strains, formae speciales, intergenic spacer (IGS) group, or fusaric acid production levels. Biochemical analysis showed that 18 of 20 tolerant F. oxysporum strains were capable of metabolizing 2,4-DAPG. For two tolerant strains, analysis by mass spectrometry indicated that deacetylation of 2,4-DAPG to the less fungitoxic derivatives monoacetylphloroglucinol and phloroglucinol is among the initial mechanisms of 2,4-DAPG degradation. Production of fusaric acid, a known inhibitor of 2,4-DAPG biosynthesis in P. fluorescens, differed considerably among both 2,4-DAPG-sensitive and -tolerant F. oxysporum strains, indicating that fusaric acid production may be as important for 2,4-DAPG-sensitive as for -tolerant F. oxysporum strains. Whether 2,4-DAPG triggers fusaric acid production was studied for six F. oxysporum strains; 2,4-DAPG had no significant effect on fusaric acid production in four strains. In two strains, however, sublethal concentrations of 2,4-DAPG either enhanced or significantly decreased fusaric acid production. The implications of 2,4-DAPG degradation, the distribution of this trait within F. oxysporum and other plant-pathogenic fungi, and the consequences for the efficacy of biological control are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schouten
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Plant Sciences Department, Wageningen University, 6700 EE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Lori G, Edel-Hermann V, Gautheron N, Alabouvette C. Genetic Diversity of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Populations of Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Carnation Fields in Argentina. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2004; 94:661-668. [PMID: 18943491 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2004.94.6.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In order to elucidate the origin of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi in Argentina, the genetic diversity among pathogenic isolates together with co-occurring nonpathogenic isolates on carnation was investigated. In all, 151 isolates of F. oxysporum were obtained from soils and carnation plants from several horticultural farms in Argentina. The isolates were characterized using vegetative compatibility group (VCG), intergenic spacer (IGS) typing, and pathogenicity tests on carnation. Seven reference strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi also were analyzed and assigned to six different IGS types and six VCGs. Twenty-two Argentinean isolates were pathogenic on carnation, had the same IGS type (50), and belonged to a single VCG (0021). The 129 remaining isolates were nonpathogenic on carnation and sorted into 23 IGS types and 97 VCGs. The same VCG never occurred in different IGS types. Our results suggest that the pathogen did not originate in the local populations of F. oxysporum but, rather, that it was introduced into Argentina. Given the genetic homogeneity within Argentinean isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, either IGS type or VCG can be used for the identification of the forma specialis dianthi currently in Argentina.
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Recorbet G, Steinberg C, Olivain C, Edel V, Trouvelot S, Dumas-Gaudot E, Gianinazzi S, Alabouvette C. Wanted: pathogenesis-related marker molecules for Fusarium oxysporum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2003; 159:73-92. [PMID: 33873682 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Although Fusarium oxysporum pathogens cause severe wilts in about 80 botanical species, the mechanisms of pathogenicity and symptom induction are poorly understood. Knowledge about the genetic and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of F. oxysporum would be invaluable in getting targets for both fungicide development and search for biocontrol agents. In this respect, we described the main approaches that have been developed to identify some mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of F. oxysporum. During the last decades, the potential functions triggering of F. oysporum pathogenicity have mainly been investigated by comparing soilborne pathogenic strains with nonpathogenic ones with regards to the analysis of the pre- and infection stages and of the resulting plant-fungus interactions. The relatively recent progress in the molecular biology of this fungus has allowed complementary approaches to be developed in order to identify key factors involved in F. oxysporum pathogenicity. Screening mutants of F. oxysporum for loss of virulence led to the successful identification of some pathogenesis-related factors, such as hydrophobicity or attachment of germlings. Taken together, the strategies described above support the idea that changes in fungal metabolism is also of importance in triggering of F. oxysporum pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Recorbet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Christian Steinberg
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Chantal Olivain
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Edel
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Trouvelot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Eliane Dumas-Gaudot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Silvio Gianinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Claude Alabouvette
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1088, INRA/Université de Bourgogne: Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Ecologie des Interactions Plantes/Micro-Organismes, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
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Trouvelot S, Olivain C, Recorbet G, Migheli Q, Alabouvette C. Recovery of Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 Mutants Affected in Their Biocontrol Activity After Transposition of the Fot1 Element. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2002; 92:936-45. [PMID: 18944018 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2002.92.9.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT To investigate the biocontrol mechanisms by which the antagonistic Fusarium oxysporum strain Fo47 is active against Fusarium wilt, a Fot1 transposon-mediated insertional mutagenesis approach was adopted to generate mutants affected in their antagonistic activity. Ninety strains in which an active Fot1 copy had transposed were identified with a phenotypic assay for excision and tested for their biocontrol activity against F. oxysporum f. sp. lini on flax in greenhouse experiments. Sixteen strains were affected in their capacity to protect flax plants, either positively (more antagonistic than Fo47) or negatively (less antagonistic). The molecular characterization of these mutants confirms the excision of Fot1 and its reinsertion in most of the cases. Moreover, we demonstrate that other transposable elements such as Fot2, impala, and Hop have no transposition activity in the mutant genomes. The phenotypic characterization of these mutants shows that they are affected neither in their in vitro growth habit nor in their competitiveness in soil compared with wild-type strain Fo47. These results show that mutants are not impaired in their saprophytic phase and suggest that the altered biocontrol phenotype should likely be expressed during the interaction with the host plant.
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Weller DM, Raaijmakers JM, Gardener BBM, Thomashow LS. Microbial populations responsible for specific soil suppressiveness to plant pathogens. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2002; 40:309-48. [PMID: 12147763 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.030402.110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils suppressive to soilborne plant pathogens occur worldwide, and for several of these soils the biological basis of suppressiveness has been described. Two classical types of suppressiveness are known. General suppression owes its activity to the total microbial biomass in soil and is not transferable between soils. Specific suppression owes its activity to the effects of individual or select groups of microorganisms and is transferable. The microbial basis of specific suppression to four diseases, Fusarium wilts, potato scab, apple replant disease, and take-all, is discussed. One of the best-described examples occurs in take-all decline soils. In Washington State, take-all decline results from the buildup of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. that produce the antifungal metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. Producers of this metabolite may have a broader role in disease-suppressive soils worldwide. By coupling molecular technologies with traditional approaches used in plant pathology and microbiology, it is possible to dissect the microbial composition and complex interactions in suppressive soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Weller
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Root Disease and Biological Control Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6430, USA.
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