1
|
Zhang X, Zheng Y, Su Z, Wang Z, Zhang J, Jia Z, Kümmel S, Qin C, Liu Y, Wang S, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Anaerobic biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers in aqueous condition: Dual CCl isotope fractionation and impact on microbial community compositions. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121389. [PMID: 38492479 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with high toxicity, lipid solubility, chemical stability. Despite the current ban on usage of Lindane, residual contamination cannot be ignored, and HCH are frequently detected in groundwater and threaten human health. Cultures capable of degrading α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, and δ-HCH individually have been enriched in anoxic aqueous conditions. Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) was applied to examine the transformation mechanisms of different HCH isomers by the four enrichment cultures. 16S rRNA sequencing techniques were employed to examine the community composition of the enrichment cultures and detect changes in these communities resulting from adding individual HCH isomers. The results indicated that the ability of the enrichment cultures for dichloroelimination of HCH isomers was inconsistent. During dichloroelimination, different bond cleavage mode of β- and δ-HCH led to distinct isotopic effects. HCH isomers had significant impact on the microbial community, while different microbial communities showed comparable isotopic effects during the transformation of a specific HCH isomer. In addition, bacteria in the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were proposed as the dominant dechlorinators. This study provides a novel perspective on the mode of bond cleavage during HCH dichloroelimination and the effect of HCH on microbial communities, which could potentially support the evaluation of HCH transformation by CSIA and their effects on the microecosystems of groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ziming Su
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongjun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chengrong Qin
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yaqing Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Isodetect, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amirbekov A, Strojsova M, Nemecek J, Riha J, Hrabak P, Arias C, Sevcu A, Černík M. Biodiversity in wetland+ system: a passive solution for HCH dump effluents. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:3095-3109. [PMID: 38154796 PMCID: wst_2023_395 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCH) are long-banned pesticides. Even though their use has been prohibited for decades, their presence in the environment is still reported worldwide. Wetland + is a registered trademark of the remedial treatment technology consisting of an aerobic sedimentary tank, a permeable reactive barrier, a biosorption system, and an aerobic wetland. This proven method combines a reductive treatment known from PRBs with the natural wetland self-cleaning processes. The average efficiency of the system is 96.8% for chlorobenzenes (ClB) and 81.7% for HCH, during the first 12 months of the system operation. The presence of the genes encoding enzymes involved in the degradation of the HCH compounds indicates that the removal of HCH and ClB occurs not only by chemical removal but also through aerobic and anaerobic combining biodegradation. Changes in abundance and the composition of the diatom community were found to be suitable indicators of the water quality and of the impact of the Wetland + operation on the water ecosystem. The system's annual operation exhibited a markedly higher number of diatom species in the closing profiles of the Ostrovský Creek, the Wetland + effluent recipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aday Amirbekov
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic E-mail:
| | - Martina Strojsova
- Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Trebízskeho 1244/2, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Nemecek
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Riha
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrabak
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Arias
- Department of Biology, Aquatic Biology, Ole Worms Allé 1, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark; WATEC Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, Building 1171, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Alena Sevcu
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Trebízskeho 1244/2, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, Liberec 460 01, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Fu J, Wu L, Kümmel S, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Characterization of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomer Dehydrochlorination by LinA1 and LinA2 Using Multi-element Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16848-16856. [PMID: 36397208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrochlorination is one of the main (thus far discovered) processes for aerobic microbial transformation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) which is mainly catalyzed by LinA enzymes. In order to gain a better understanding of the reaction mechanisms, multi-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis was applied for evaluating α- and γ-HCH transformations catalyzed by LinA1 and LinA2 enzymes. The isotopic fractionation (εE) values for particular elements of (+)α-HCH (εC = -10.8 ± 1.0‰, εCl = -4.2 ± 0.5‰, εH = -154 ± 16‰) were distinct from the values for (-)α-HCH (εC = -4.1 ± 0.7‰, εCl = -1.6 ± 0.2‰, εH = -68 ± 10‰), whereas the dual-isotope fractionation patterns were almost identical for both enantiomers (ΛC-Cl = 2.4 ± 0.4 and 2.5 ± 0.2, ΛH-C = 12.9 ± 2.4 and 14.9 ± 1.1). The εE of γ-HCH transformation by LinA1 and LinA2 were -7.8 ± 1.0‰ and -7.5 ± 0.8‰ (εC), -2.7 ± 0.3‰ and -2.5 ± 0.4‰ (εCl), -170 ± 25‰ and -150 ± 13‰ (εH), respectively. Similar ΛC-Cl values (2.7 ± 0.2 and 2.9 ± 0.2) were observed as well as similar ΛH-C values (20.1 ± 2.0 and 18.4 ± 1.9), indicating a similar reaction mechanism by both enzymes during γ-HCH transformation. This is the first data set on 3D isotope fractionation of α- and γ-HCH enzymatic dehydrochlorination, which gave a more precise characterization of the bond cleavages, highlighting the potential of multi-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis to characterize different transformation processes (e.g., dehydrochlorination and reductive dehalogenation).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning530004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Fu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning530004, P.R. China
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
- Ecometrix Incorporated, 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, OntarioL5N 2L8, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
- Isodetect, Deutscher Platz 5b, Leipzig04103, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Puentes Jácome LA, Lomheim L, Gaspard S, Edwards EA. Biodegradation of Lindane (γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane) To Nontoxic End Products by Sequential Treatment with Three Mixed Anaerobic Microbial Cultures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2968-2979. [PMID: 33557520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The γ isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), also known as lindane, is a carcinogenic persistent organic pollutant. Lindane was used worldwide as an agricultural insecticide. Legacy soil and groundwater contamination with lindane and other HCH isomers is still a big concern. The biotic reductive dechlorination of HCH to nondesirable and toxic lower chlorinated compounds such as monochlorobenzene (MCB) and benzene, among others, has been broadly documented. Here, we demonstrate that complete biodegradation of lindane to nontoxic end products is attainable using a sequential treatment approach with three mixed anaerobic microbial cultures referred to as culture I, II, and III. Biaugmentation with culture I achieved dechlorination of lindane to MCB and benzene. Culture II was able to dechlorinate MCB to benzene, and finally, culture III carried out methanogenic benzene degradation. Distinct Dehalobacter populations, corresponding to different 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants in culture I and culture II, were responsible for lindane and MCB dechlorination, respectively. This study continues to highlight key roles of Dehalobacter as chlorobenzene- and HCH -respiring bacteria and demonstrates that sequential treatment with specialized anaerobic cultures may be explored at field sites in order to address legacy soil and groundwater contamination with HCH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz A Puentes Jácome
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Line Lomheim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Sarra Gaspard
- Laboratory COVACHIMM2E, Université des Antilles, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe, French West-Indies 97157, France
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar VV. Microbial Remediation: A Natural Approach for Environmental Pollution Management. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54422-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Liu Y, Kümmel S, Yao J, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Dual C-Cl isotope analysis for characterizing the anaerobic transformation of α, β, γ, and δ-hexachlorocyclohexane in contaminated aquifers. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116128. [PMID: 32777634 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) are widespread and persistent environmental pollutants, which cause heavy contamination in soil, sediment and groundwater. An anaerobic consortium, which was enriched on β-HCH using a soil sample from a contaminated area of a former pesticide factory, was capable to transform α, β, γ, and δ-HCH via tetrachlorocyclohexene isomers stoichiometrically to benzene and chlorobenzene. The carbon and chlorine isotope enrichment factors (εC and εCl) of the dehalogenation of the four isomers ranged from -1.9 ± 0.3 to -6.4 ± 0.7‰ and from -1.6 ± 0.2 to -3.2 ± 0.6‰, respectively, and the correlation of δ37Cl and δ13C (Λ values) of the four isomers ranged from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 2.4 ± 0.2. The evaluation of Λ and the apparent kinetic isotope effects (AKIE) for carbon and chlorine may lead to the hypothesis that the two eliminated chlorine atoms of α- and γ-HCH were in axial positions, the same as for the β-HCH conformer which has six chlorine atoms in axial positions after ring flip. The dichloroelimination of δ-HCH resulted in distinct AKIE and Λ values as one chlorine atom is in axial whereas the other chlorine atoms are in the equatorial positions. Significant chlorine and carbon isotope fractionations of HCH isomers were observed in the samples from a contaminated aquifer (Bitterfeld, Germany). The 37Cl/35Cl and 13C/12C isotope fractionation patterns of HCH isomers from laboratory experiments were used diagnostically in a model to characterize microbial dichloroelimination in the field study. The comparison of isotope fractionation patterns indicates that the transformation of HCH isomers at the field was mainly governed by microbial dichloroelimination transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans-Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Franke S, Seidel K, Adrian L, Nijenhuis I. Dual Element (C/Cl) Isotope Analysis Indicates Distinct Mechanisms of Reductive Dehalogenation of Chlorinated Ethenes and Dichloroethane in Dehalococcoides mccartyi Strain BTF08 With Defined Reductive Dehalogenase Inventories. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1507. [PMID: 32903289 PMCID: PMC7396605 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain BTF08 has the unique property to couple complete dechlorination of tetrachloroethene and 1,2-dichloroethane to ethene with growth by using the halogenated compounds as terminal electron acceptor. The genome of strain BTF08 encodes 20 genes for reductive dehalogenase homologous proteins (RdhA) including those described for dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene (PceA, PteA), trichloroethene (TceA) and vinyl chloride (VcrA). Thus far it is unknown under which conditions the different RdhAs are expressed, what their substrate specificity is and if different reaction mechanisms are employed. Here we found by proteomic analysis from differentially activated batches that PteA and VcrA were expressed during dechlorination of tetrachloroethene to ethene, while TceA was expressed during 1,2-dichloroethane dehalogenation. Carbon and chlorine compound-specific stable isotope analysis suggested distinct reaction mechanisms for the dechlorination of (i) cis-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride versus (ii) tetrachloroethene. This differentiation was observed independent of the expressed RdhA proteins. Differently, two stable isotope fractionation patterns were observed for 1,2-dichloroethane transformation, for cells with distinct RdhA inventories. Conclusively, we could link specific RdhA expression with functions and provide an insight into the apparently substrate-specific reaction mechanisms in the pathway of reductive dehalogenation in D. mccartyi strain BTF08. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD018558 and PXD018595.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Franke
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Seidel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.,Chair of Geobiotechnology at TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Liu J, Renpenning J, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Dual C-Cl Isotope Analysis for Characterizing the Reductive Dechlorination of α- and γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane by Two Dehalococcoides mccartyi Strains and an Enrichment Culture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7250-7260. [PMID: 32441516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) are persistent organic contaminants that threaten human health. Microbial reductive dehalogenation is one of the most important attenuation processes in contaminated environments. This study investigated carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation of α- and γ-HCH during the reductive dehalogenation by three anaerobic cultures. The presence of tetrachlorocyclohexene (TeCCH) indicated that reductive dichloroelimination was the first step of bond cleavage. Isotope enrichment factors (εC and εCl) were derived from the transformation of γ-HCH (εC, from -4.0 ± 0.5 to -4.4 ± 0.6 ‰; εCl, from -2.9 ± 0.4 to -3.3 ± 0.4 ‰) and α-HCH (εC, from -2.4 ± 0.2 to -3.0 ± 0.4 ‰; εCl, from -1.4 ± 0.3 to -1.8 ± 0.2 ‰). During α-HCH transformation, no enantioselectivity was observed, and similar εc values were obtained for both enantiomers. The correlation of 13C and 37Cl fractionation (Λ = Δδ13C/Δδ37Cl ≈ εC/εCl) of γ-HCH (from 1.1 ± 0.3 to 1.2 ± 0.1) indicates similar bond cleavage during the reductive dichloroelimination by the three cultures, similar to α-HCH (1.7 ± 0.2 to 2.0 ± 0.3). The different isotope fractionation patterns during reductive dichloroelimination and dehydrochlorination indicates that dual-element stable isotope analysis can potentially be used to evaluate HCH transformation pathways at contaminated field sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Julian Renpenning
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hans-Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lian S, Nikolausz M, Nijenhuis I, da Rocha UN, Liu B, Corrêa FB, Saraiva JP, Richnow HH. Biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexanes contaminated biomass for energetic utilization demonstrated in continuous anaerobic digestion system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121448. [PMID: 31668499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lindane, the γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomer, was among the most used pesticides worldwide. Although it was banned in 2009, residues of Lindane and other HCH-isomers are still found with high concentrations in contaminated fields. For clean-up, phytoremediation combined with anaerobic digestion (AD) of contaminated biomass to produce biogas and fertilizer could be a promising strategy and was tested in two 15 L laboratory-scale continuous stirred tank reactors. During operation over one year by adding HCH isomers (γ, α and β) consecutively, no negative influence on conventional reactor parameters was observed. The γ- and α-HCH isomers were transformed to chlorobenzene and benzene, and transformation became faster along with time, while β-HCH was not removed. Genus Methanosaeta and order Clostridiales, showing significant enhancement on abundance with HCH addition, may be used as bioindicators for HCH dehalogenation in AD process. The potential for HCH degradation in AD system was restricted to axial Cl atoms of HCH and it showed slight enantioselective preference towards transformation of (+) α-HCH. Moreover, metabolite benzene was mineralized to CO2 and methane, deducing from tracer experiments with benzene-13C6. Overall, AD appears to be a feasible option for treatment of γ and α-HCHs contaminated biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Lian
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Marcell Nikolausz
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ulisses Nunes da Rocha
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Felipe Borim Corrêa
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - João Pedro Saraiva
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lihl C, Douglas LM, Franke S, Pérez-de-Mora A, Meyer AH, Daubmeier M, Edwards EA, Nijenhuis I, Sherwood Lollar B, Elsner M. Mechanistic Dichotomy in Bacterial Trichloroethene Dechlorination Revealed by Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4245-4254. [PMID: 30857389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are significant groundwater contaminants. Microbial reductive dehalogenation at contaminated sites can produce nontoxic ethene but often stops at toxic cis-1,2-dichloroethene ( cis-DCE) or vinyl chloride (VC). The magnitude of carbon relative to chlorine isotope effects (as expressed by ΛC/Cl, the slope of δ13C versus δ37Cl regressions) was recently recognized to reveal different reduction mechanisms with vitamin B12 as a model reactant for reductive dehalogenase activity. Large ΛC/Cl values for cis-DCE reflected cob(I)alamin addition followed by protonation, whereas smaller ΛC/Cl values for PCE evidenced cob(I)alamin addition followed by Cl- elimination. This study addressed dehalogenation in actual microorganisms and observed identical large ΛC/Cl values for cis-DCE (ΛC/Cl = 10.0 to 17.8) that contrasted with identical smaller ΛC/Cl for TCE and PCE (ΛC/Cl = 2.3 to 3.8). For TCE, the trend of small ΛC/Cl could even be reversed when mixed cultures were precultivated on VC or DCEs and subsequently confronted with TCE (ΛC/Cl = 9.0 to 18.2). This observation provides explicit evidence that substrate adaptation must have selected for reductive dehalogenases with different mechanistic motifs. The patterns of ΛC/Cl are consistent with practically all studies published to date, while the difference in reaction mechanisms offers a potential answer to the long-standing question of why bioremediation frequently stalls at cis-DCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lihl
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology , Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 , 85764 Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Lisa M Douglas
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3B5 , Canada
| | - Steffi Franke
- Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Alfredo Pérez-de-Mora
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology , Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 , 85764 Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Armin H Meyer
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology , Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 , 85764 Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Martina Daubmeier
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology , Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 , 85764 Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department for Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | | | - Martin Elsner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology , Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 , 85764 Neuherberg , Germany
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry , Technical University of Munich , Marchioninistrasse 17 , 81377 Munich , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ding C, Alvarez-Cohen L, He J. Growth of Dehalococcoides mccartyi species in an autotrophic consortium producing limited acetate. Biodegradation 2018; 29:487-498. [PMID: 30097751 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The dechlorinating Dehalococcoides mccartyi species requires acetate as carbon source, but little is known on its growth under acetate limiting conditions. In this study, we observed growth and dechlorination of a D. mccartyi-containing mixed consortium in a fixed-carbon-free medium with trichloroethene in the aqueous phase and H2/CO2 in the headspace. Around 4 mM formate was produced by day 40, while acetate was constantly below 0.05 mM. Microbial community analysis of the consortium revealed dominance by D. mccartyi and Desulfovibrio sp. (57 and 22% 16S rRNA gene copies, respectively). From this consortium, Desulfovibrio sp. strain F1 was isolated and found to produce formate and acetate (1.2 mM and 48 µM, respectively, by day 24) when cultivated alone in the above mentioned medium without trichloroethene. An established co-culture of strain F1 and D. mccartyi strain 195 demonstrated that strain 195 could grow and dechlorinate using acetate produced by strain F1; and that acetate was constantly below 25 µM in the co-culture. To verify that such low level of acetate is utilizable by D. mccartyi, we cultivated strain 195 alone under acetate-limiting conditions and found that strain 195 consumed acetate to below detection (5 µM). Based on the acetate consumption and cell yield of D. mccartyi, we estimated that on average 1.2 × 108 acetate molecules are needed to supply carbon for one D. mccartyi cell. Our study suggests that Desulfovibrio may supply a steady but low amount of fixed carbon to dechlorinating bacteria, exhibiting important implications for natural bio-attenuation when fixed carbon is limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ding
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.,Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa Alvarez-Cohen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1710, USA. .,Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E2-02-13, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bashir S, Kuntze K, Vogt C, Nijenhuis I. Anaerobic biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers by Dehalococcoides species and an enrichment culture. Biodegradation 2018; 29:409-418. [PMID: 29916096 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCH) by two Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains (195 and BTF08) and an enrichment culture was investigated and compared to conversion by the obligate anaerobic strain Clostridium pasteurianum strain DSMZ 525. The D. mccartyi strains preferentially transformed γ-HCH over α-HCH and δ-HCH isomers while β-HCH biotransformation was not significant. In case of the enrichment culture, γ-HCH was preferentially transformed over the δ-HCH, β-HCH and α-HCH isomers. Major observed metabolites in both cases were tetrachlorocyclohexene and as end products monochlorobenzene (MCB) and benzene. Dechlorination of the γ-HCH isomer was linked to an increase in cell numbers for strain 195. γ-HCH transformation was linked to considerable carbon stable isotope fractionation with the enrichment factor εc = - 5.5 ± 0.8‰ for D. mccartyi strain 195, εc = - 3.1 ± 0.4‰ for the enrichment culture and εc = - 4.1 ± 0.6‰ for co-metabolic transformation by C. pasteurianum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safdar Bashir
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kevin Kuntze
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,Isodetect GmbH, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Vogt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nijenhuis I, Stollberg R, Lechner U. Anaerobic microbial dehalogenation and its key players in the contaminated Bitterfeld-Wolfen megasite. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:4828323. [PMID: 29385441 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The megasite Bitterfeld-Wolfen is highly contaminated as a result of accidents and because of dumping of wastes from local chemical industries in the last century. A variety of contaminants including chlorinated ethenes and benzenes, hexachlorohexanes and chlorinated dioxins can still be found in the groundwater and (river) sediments. Investigations of the in situ microbial transformation of organohalides have been performed only over the last two decades at this megasite. In this review, we summarise the research on the activity of anaerobic dehalogenating bacteria at the field site in Bitterfeld-Wolfen, focusing on chlorinated ethenes, monochlorobenzene and chlorinated dioxins. Various methods and concepts were applied including ex situ cultivation and isolation, and in situ analysis of hydrochemical parameters, compound-specific stable isotope analysis of contaminants, 13C-tracer studies and molecular markers. Overall, biotransformation of organohalides is ongoing at the field site and Dehalococcoides mccartyi species play an important role in the detoxification process in the Bitterfeld-Wolfen region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reiner Stollberg
- Department of Groundwater Remediation, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Lechner
- Institute of Biology/Microbiology Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lian S, Nikolausz M, Nijenhuis I, Francisco Leite A, Richnow HH. Biotransformation and inhibition effects of hexachlorocyclohexanes during biogas production from contaminated biomass characterized by isotope fractionation concepts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:683-690. [PMID: 29220813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) production for pesticides was banned by Stockholm Convention (2009) due to its harmful and adverse effects on the environment. Despite this measure, many areas contaminated with former HCH production-waste products still require management. As a potential solution contributing to clean-up of these sites, anaerobic digestion (AD) of pesticide-contaminated biomass to produce biogas is a promising strategy. High pesticide concentrations, however, may inhibit biogas production. Therefore, laboratory-scale batch reactors were set up to investigate biogas reactor performance in presence of HCH. Inhibitory effects on biogas yield was observed with concentrations of HCH ≥ 150 mg/L. Carbon isotope composition of methane (δ13CCH4) showed significant fluctuation after an inhibition phase, indicating that HCH toxicity can affect the activity of acetoclastic methanogens. Furthermore, combined results of metabolites and carbon isotope fractionation factors (εc) demonstrated that α- and γ-HCH can be degraded to chlorobenzene and benzene via anaerobic reductive dechlorination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Lian
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcell Nikolausz
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Athaydes Francisco Leite
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Franke S, Lihl C, Renpenning J, Elsner M, Nijenhuis I. Triple-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis of 1,2-dichloroethane for characterization of the underlying dehalogenation reaction in two Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2017; 93:4561051. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
16
|
Xu Y, He Y, Tang X, Brookes PC, Xu J. Reconstruction of microbial community structures as evidences for soil redox coupled reductive dechlorination of PCP in a mangrove soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:147-157. [PMID: 28431359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the influence of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the soil microbial communities and the coupled mechanism between PCP reductive dechlorination and soil redox under anaerobic condition. Accordingly, a slurry incubation experiment was carried out in which bacterial and archaeal communities were detected by MiSeq amplicon sequencing. The original microbial community balance was gradually disrupted and new microbial structure was reconstructed subsequently through self-regulation and acclimation during PCP transformation, coupling with the changes of soil biogeochemical redox dynamics. The phylum Bacteroidetes predominated during the earlier PCP dechlorination period and then was progressively replaced by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes groups when PCP was mostly transformed into 2,3,4,5-TeCP and 3,4,5-TCP. Heatmap and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the Clostridium-like, Geobacter-like and Dehalococcoides-like organisms enriched concurrently during PCP reductive dechlorination processes. The relative abundance changes of the redox-active microorganisms, together with their relevance to the corresponding biogeochemical redox processes, showed that PCP dechlorination, Fe(III) and SO42- reduction, as well as methanogenesis were coupled terminal electron accepting processes. The combined analysis of the microbial function, the affinity for substrates (H2 and acetate) and the sensitivity for PCP toxicity by microorganisms might explain why electron transport chain has changed in soil biogeochemical redox process. Our study offers a comprehensive description of the impact of PCP on the soil microbial community structures, which could be very useful for understanding the regulation of soil nutrient and energy transfer during biogeochemical cycling processes in soils with significant inputs of exogenous pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xianjin Tang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mortan SH, Martín-González L, Vicent T, Caminal G, Nijenhuis I, Adrian L, Marco-Urrea E. Detoxification of 1,1,2-trichloroethane to ethene in a bioreactor co-culture of Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 331:218-225. [PMID: 28273571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA) is a non-flammable organic solvent and common environmental contaminant in groundwater. Organohalide-respiring bacteria are key microorganisms to remediate 1,1,2-TCA because they can gain metabolic energy during its dechlorination under anaerobic conditions. However, all current isolates produce hazardous end products such as vinyl chloride, monochloroethane or 1,2-dichloroethane that accumulate in the medium. Here, we constructed a syntrophic co-culture of Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains to achieve complete detoxification of 1,1,2-TCA to ethene. In this co-culture, Dehalogenimonas transformed 1,1,2-TCA via dihaloelimination to vinyl chloride, whereas Dehalococcoides reduced vinyl chloride via hydrogenolysis to ethene. Molasses, pyruvate, and lactate supported full dechlorination of 1,1,2-TCA in serum bottle co-cultures. Scale up of the cultivation to a 5-L bioreactor operating for 76d in fed-batch mode was successful with pyruvate as substrate. This synthetic combination of bacteria with known complementary metabolic capabilities demonstrates the potential environmental relevance of microbial cooperation to detoxify 1,1,2-TCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hatijah Mortan
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Martín-González
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vicent
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Caminal
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC) CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ernest Marco-Urrea
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nijenhuis I, Kuntze K. Anaerobic microbial dehalogenation of organohalides — state of the art and remediation strategies. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 38:33-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Fricker AD, LaRoe SL, Shea ME, Bedard DL. Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain JNA dechlorinates multiple chlorinated phenols including pentachlorophenol and harbors at least 19 reductive dehalogenase homologous genes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:14300-14308. [PMID: 25377868 DOI: 10.1021/es503553f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol and other chlorinated phenols are highly toxic ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Using gas chromatographic analysis we determined that Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain JNA in pure culture dechlorinated pentachlorophenol to 3,5-dichlorophenol (DCP) via removal of the ortho and para chlorines in all of the three possible pathways. In addition, JNA dechlorinated 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol via 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) and 2,4,5-TCP to 2,4-DCP and 3,4-DCP, respectively, and dechlorinated 2,3,6-TCP to 3-chlorophenol (CP) via 2,5-DCP. JNA converted 2,3,4-TCP to 3,4-DCP and 2,4-DCP by ortho and meta dechlorination, respectively. 2,3-DCP was dechlorinated to 3-CP, and, because cultures using it could be transferred with a low inoculum (0.5 to 1.5% vol/vol), it may act as an electron acceptor to support growth. Using PCR amplification with targeted and degenerate primers followed by cloning and sequencing, we determined that JNA harbors at least 19 reductive dehalogenase homologous (rdh) genes including orthologs of pcbA4 and pcbA5, pceA, and mbrA, but not tceA or vcrA. Many of these genes are shared with D. mccartyi strains CBDB1, DCMB5, GT, and CG5. Strain JNA has previously been shown to extensively dechlorinate the commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture Aroclor 1260. Collectively the data suggest that strain JNA may be well adapted to survive in sites contaminated with chlorinated aromatics and may be useful for in situ bioremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwana D Fricker
- Department of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain DCMB5 Respires a broad spectrum of chlorinated aromatic compounds. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:587-96. [PMID: 25381236 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02597-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhalogenated aromatic compounds are harmful environmental contaminants and tend to persist in anoxic soils and sediments. Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain DCMB5, a strain originating from dioxin-polluted river sediment, was examined for its capacity to dehalogenate diverse chloroaromatic compounds. Strain DCMB5 used hexachlorobenzenes, pentachlorobenzenes, all three tetrachlorobenzenes, and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene as well as 1,2,3,4-tetra- and 1,2,4-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as electron acceptors for organohalide respiration. In addition, 1,2,3-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 1,3-, 1,2-, and 1,4-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin were dechlorinated, the latter to the nonchlorinated congener with a remarkably short lag phase of 1 to 4 days following transfer. Strain DCMB5 also dechlorinated pentachlorophenol and almost all tetra- and trichlorophenols. Tetrachloroethene was dechlorinated to trichloroethene and served as an electron acceptor for growth. To relate selected dechlorination activities to the expression of specific reductive dehalogenase genes, the proteomes of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene-, pentachlorobenzene-, and tetrachloroethene-dechlorinating cultures were analyzed. Dcmb_86, an ortholog of the chlorobenzene reductive dehalogenase CbrA, was the most abundant reductive dehalogenase during growth with each electron acceptor, suggesting its pivotal role in organohalide respiration of strain DCMB5. Dcmb_1041 was specifically induced, however, by both chlorobenzenes, whereas 3 putative reductive dehalogenases, Dcmb_1434, Dcmb_1339, and Dcmb_1383, were detected only in tetrachloroethene-grown cells. The proteomes also harbored a type IV pilus protein and the components for its assembly, disassembly, and secretion. In addition, transmission electron microscopy of DCMB5 revealed an irregular mode of cell division as well as the presence of pili, indicating that pilus formation is a feature of D. mccartyi during organohalide respiration.
Collapse
|
21
|
Diversity of dechlorination pathways and organohalide respiring bacteria in chlorobenzene dechlorinating enrichment cultures originating from river sludge. Biodegradation 2014; 25:757-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-014-9697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
Schmidt M, Lege S, Nijenhuis I. Comparison of 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride carbon stable isotope fractionation during dechlorination by two Dehalococcoides strains. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 52:146-154. [PMID: 24468425 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon stable isotope fractionation during 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), dichloroethene (DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) dechlorination was analysed for two Dehalococcoides strains, Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195 (formerly Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195) and D. mccartyi strain BTF08, and used to characterize the reaction. The isotope enrichment factors (εC) determined for 1,2-DCA were -30.8 ± 1.3‰ and -29.0 ± 3.0‰ for D. mccartyi strain BTF08 and D. mccartyi strain 195, respectively. Enrichment factors (εC) determined for chlorinated ethenes with strain BTF08 were -28.8 ± 1.5‰ (VC), -30.5 ± 1.5‰ (cis-DCE) and -12.4 ± 1.1‰ (1,1-DCE). Product, ethene, related enrichment factors (εC1,2-DCA-ethene) calculated for 1,2-DCA (-34.1 and -32.3‰ for strain BTF08 and strain 195, respectively) were similar to substrate based enrichment factors (εC1,2-DCA), supporting the hypothesis that ethene is the direct product of 1,2-DCA dichloroelimination but that VC was a side product as result of branching in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Schmidt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sascha Lege
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pöritz M, Goris T, Wubet T, Tarkka MT, Buscot F, Nijenhuis I, Lechner U, Adrian L. Genome sequences of two dehalogenation specialists- Dehalococcoides mccartyistrains BTF08 and DCMB5 enriched from the highly polluted Bitterfeld region. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 343:101-4. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Goris
- Institute of Microbiology; Friedrich Schiller University; Jena; Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; Department of Soil Ecology; Halle (Saale); Germany
| | - Mika T. Tarkka
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; Department of Soil Ecology; Halle (Saale); Germany
| | | | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; Leipzig; Germany
| | - Ute Lechner
- Institute of Biology/Microbiology; Martin-Luther-University Halle; Halle (Saale); Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; Leipzig; Germany
| |
Collapse
|