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Dixon MM, Afkairin A, Davis JG, Chitwood-Brown J, Buchanan CM, Ippolito JA, Manter DK, Vivanco JM. Tomato domestication rather than subsequent breeding events reduces microbial associations related to phosphorus recovery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9934. [PMID: 38689014 PMCID: PMC11061195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Legacy phosphorus (P) is a reservoir of sparingly available P, and its recovery could enhance sustainable use of nonrenewable mineral fertilizers. Domestication has affected P acquisition, but it is unknown if subsequent breeding efforts, like the Green Revolution (GR), had a similar effect. We examined how domestication and breeding events altered P acquisition by growing wild, traditional (pre-GR), and modern (post-GR) tomato in soil with legacy P but low bioavailable P. Wild tomatoes, particularly accession LA0716 (Solanum pennellii), heavily cultured rhizosphere P solubilizers, suggesting reliance on microbial associations to acquire P. Wild tomato also had a greater abundance of other putatively beneficial bacteria, including those that produce chelating agents and antibiotic compounds. Although wild tomatoes had a high abundance of these P solubilizers, they had lower relative biomass and greater P stress factor than traditional or modern tomato. Compared to wild tomato, domesticated tomato was more tolerant to P deficiency, and both cultivated groups had a similar rhizosphere bacterial community composition. Ultimately, this study suggests that while domestication changed tomato P recovery by reducing microbial associations, subsequent breeding processes have not further impacted microbial P acquisition mechanisms. Selecting microbial P-related traits that diminished with domestication may therefore increase legacy P solubilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Dixon
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Antisar Afkairin
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jessica G Davis
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jessica Chitwood-Brown
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Cassidy M Buchanan
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - James A Ippolito
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Soil Management and Sugar Beet Research, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel K Manter
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jorge M Vivanco
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Sreelakshmi KP, Madhuri M, Swetha R, Rangarajan V, Roy U. Microbial lipopeptides: their pharmaceutical and biotechnological potential, applications, and way forward. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:135. [PMID: 38489053 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
As lead molecules, cyclic lipopeptides with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties have garnered a lot of attention in recent years. Because of their potential, cyclic lipopeptides have earned recognition as a significant class of antimicrobial compounds with applications in pharmacology and biotechnology. These lipopeptides, often with biosurfactant properties, are amphiphilic, consisting of a hydrophilic moiety, like a carboxyl group, peptide backbone, or carbohydrates, and a hydrophobic moiety, mostly a fatty acid. Besides, several lipopeptides also have cationic groups that play an important role in biological activities. Antimicrobial lipopeptides can be considered as possible substitutes for antibiotics that are conventional to address the current drug-resistant issues as pharmaceutical industries modify the parent antibiotic molecules to render them more effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi, leading to the development of more resistant microbial strains. Bacillus species produce lipopeptides, which are secondary metabolites that are amphiphilic and are typically synthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). They have been identified as potential biocontrol agents as they exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A further benefit of lipopeptides is that they can be produced and purified biotechnologically or biochemically in a sustainable manner using readily available, affordable, renewable sources without harming the environment. In this review, we discuss the biochemical and functional characterization of antifungal lipopeptides, as well as their various modes of action, method of production and purification (in brief), and potential applications as novel antibiotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Sreelakshmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - M Madhuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - R Swetha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - Vivek Rangarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India
| | - Utpal Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-KK Birla Goa Campus Goa, NH 17 B Bypass Rd., Goa, 403726, India.
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Luna-Bulbarela A, Romero-Gutiérrez MT, Tinoco-Valencia R, Ortiz E, Martínez-Romero ME, Galindo E, Serrano-Carreón L. Response of Bacillus velezensis 83 to interaction with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides resembles a Greek phalanx-style formation: A stress resistant phenotype with antibiosis capacity. Microbiol Res 2024; 280:127592. [PMID: 38199003 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, such as Bacillus spp., establish beneficial associations with plants and may inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi. However, these bacteria are subject to multiple biotic stimuli from their competitors, causing stress and modifying their development. This work is a study of an in vitro interaction between two model microorganisms of socioeconomic relevance, using population dynamics and transcriptomic approaches. Co-cultures of Bacillus velezensis 83 with the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 09 were performed to evaluate the metabolic response of the bacteria under conditions of non-nutritional limitation. The bacterial response was associated with the induction of a stress-resistant phenotype, characterized by a lower specific growth rate, but with antimicrobial production capacity. About 12% of co-cultured B. velezensis 83 coding sequences were differentially expressed, including the up-regulation of the general stress response (sigB regulon), and the down-regulation of alternative carbon sources catabolism (glucose preference). Defense strategies in B. velezensis are a determining factor in order to preserve the long-term viability of its population. Mostly, the presence of the fungus does not affect the expression of antibiosis genes, except for those corresponding to surfactin/bacillomycin D production. Indeed, the up-regulation of antibiosis genes expression is associated with bacterial growth, regardless of the presence of the fungus. This behavior in B. velezensis 83 resembles the strategy used by the classical Greek phalanx formation: by sacrificing growth rate and metabolic versatility, resources can be redistributed to defense (stress resistant phenotype) while maintaining the attack (antibiosis capacity). The presented results are the first characterization of the molecular phenotype at the transcriptome level of a biological control agent under biotic stress caused by a phytopathogen without nutrient limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Luna-Bulbarela
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Agro&Biotecnia S. de R.L. de C.V., Limones 8, Amate Redondo, 62334 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Romero-Gutiérrez
- Technological Innovation Department, Tlajomulco University Center, University of Guadalajara, 45641 Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, Mexico; Translational Bioengineering Department, Exact Sciences and Engineering University Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, 44430 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Raunel Tinoco-Valencia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Ortiz
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Esperanza Martínez-Romero
- Ecología Genómica, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Enrique Galindo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Agro&Biotecnia S. de R.L. de C.V., Limones 8, Amate Redondo, 62334 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Serrano-Carreón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Agro&Biotecnia S. de R.L. de C.V., Limones 8, Amate Redondo, 62334 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Salazar B, Ortiz A, Keswani C, Minkina T, Mandzhieva S, Pratap Singh S, Rekadwad B, Borriss R, Jain A, Singh HB, Sansinenea E. Bacillus spp. as Bio-factories for Antifungal Secondary Metabolites: Innovation Beyond Whole Organism Formulations. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1-24. [PMID: 35604432 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several fungi act as parasites for crops causing huge annual crop losses at both pre- and post-harvest stages. For years, chemical fungicides were the solution; however, their wide use has caused environmental contamination and human health problems. For this reason, the use of biofungicides has been in practice as a green solution against fungal phytopathogens. In the context of a more sustainable agriculture, microbial biofungicides have the largest share among the commercial biocontrol products that are available in the market. Precisely, the genus Bacillus has been largely studied for the management of plant pathogenic fungi because they offer a chemically diverse arsenal of antifungal secondary metabolites, which have spawned a heightened industrial engrossment of it as a biopesticide. In this sense, it is indispensable to know the wide arsenal that Bacillus genus has to apply these products for sustainable agriculture. Having this idea in our minds, in this review, secondary metabolites from Bacillus having antifungal activity are chemically and structurally described giving details of their action against several phytopathogens. Knowing the current status of Bacillus secreted antifungals is the base for the goal to apply these in agriculture and it is addressed in depth in the second part of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Salazar
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma De Puebla, 72590, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Aurelio Ortiz
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma De Puebla, 72590, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
| | - Satyendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Bhagwan Rekadwad
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Institut Für Agrar- Und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Fachgebiet Phytomedizin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Lentze-Allee 55-57, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Akansha Jain
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, CIT Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, India
| | - Harikesh B Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma De Puebla, 72590, Puebla, Pue, México.
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Zhang P, Lv Z, Lu Z, Ma W, Bie X. Effects of the deletion and substitution of thioesterase on bacillomycin D synthesis. Biotechnol Lett 2023:10.1007/s10529-023-03373-z. [PMID: 37266877 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The importance of thioesterase domains on bacillomycin D synthesis and the ability of different thioesterase domains to selectively recognize and catalyze peptide chain hydrolysis and cyclization were studied by deleting and substituting thioesterase domains. RESULTS No bacillomycin D analogs were found in the thioesterase-deleted strain fmbJ-ΔTE, indicating that the TE domain was essential for bacillomycin D synthesis. Then the thioesterase in bacillomycin D synthetases was replaced by the thioesterase in bacillomycin F, iturin A, mycosubtilin, plipastatin and surfactin synthetases. Except for fmbJ-S-TE, all others were able to synthesize bacillomycin D homologs because a suitable recombination site was selected, which maintained the integrity of NRPSs. In particular, the yield of bacillomycin D in fmbJ-IA-TE, fmbJ-M-TE and fmbJ-P-TE was significantly increased. CONCLUSION This study expands our understanding of the TE domain in bacillomycin D synthetases and shows that thioesterase has excellent potential in the chemical-enzymatic synthesis of natural products or their analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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The antifungal activity of a serine protease and the enzyme production of characteristics of Bacillus licheniformis TG116. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:601. [PMID: 36057891 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The growth of Phytophthora capsica, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea were all inhibited by the fermentation supernatant of Bacillus licheniformis TG116, a biocontrol strain isolated from Typhonium giganteum Engl. previously with broad-spectrum resistance to plant pathogens. The fermentation supernatant of the TG116 has a great stability on temperature and UV, and shows the biological activity of protease and cellulase. The antifungal protease produced by B. licheniformis TG116 was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography and Sephadex G-50 column chromatography. The inhibition of protease by the three surfactants increased with increasing concentration inhibition. Among these surfactants, EDTA showed the strongest inhibition, with only 25% protein activity at a concentration of 1.1 mmol·L-1. Gene amplification verified the presence of a gene fragment of serine protease in the strain TG116. The antimicrobial substance isolated from the fermentation broth of TG116 is a serine protease component.
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7
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Lv Z, Ma W, Zhang P, Lu Z, Zhou L, Meng F, Wang Z, Bie X. Deletion of COM donor and acceptor domains and the interaction between modules in bacillomycin D produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:989-1001. [PMID: 35782484 PMCID: PMC9213223 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaomei Bie
- Corresponding author. Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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Zhang XC, Jiang M, Zang YN, Zhao HZ, Liu CX, Liu BR, Xue H, Schal C, Lu XM, Zhao DQ, Zhang XX, Zhang F. Metarhizium anisopliae is a valuable grist for biocontrol in beta-cypermethrin-resistant Blattella germanica (L.). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1508-1518. [PMID: 34962342 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread use of chemical insecticides has resulted in the development of resistance in German cockroaches worldwide, and biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi as active ingredients have become a promising alternative strategy. Resistance can change many of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of insect pests, such as cuticle thickness, detoxification enzyme activity, and even intestinal flora composition. Thus, potential interactions between pathogenic fungi and insecticide resistance may lead to unpredictable changes in pest susceptibility to fungi. RESULTS Beta-cypermethrin-resistant German cockroaches were more susceptible to infection with the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae regardless of age and sex. Histopathological results showed that the infection of resistant strains (R) by M. anisopliae was visibly faster than that of susceptible strains (S). The gut microbiota of the S strain indicated a stronger ability to inhibit fungi in vitro. The abundance of Parabacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, and Tyzzerella_3 decreased significantly in the R strain, and most demonstrated the ability to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and antifungal infections. The expression levels of Akirin, BgTPS, and BgPo genes in the R strain were significantly lower than those in the S strain, while BgChi and CYP4G19 gene expression were significantly higher. The mortality of cockroaches infected with M. anisopliae decreased to varying degrees after RNA interference, reflecting the role of these genes in antifungal infection. CONCLUSIONS Results confirmed that insecticide resistance may enhance cockroach susceptibility to fungi by altering intestinal flora and gene expression. Fungal biopesticides have high utilization value in pest control and insecticide resistance management strategies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Cui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Pathology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Ya Nan Zang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai Zheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Cai Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Bao Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xing Meng Lu
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Pathology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Qin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Xia Zhang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Wan C, Fan X, Lou Z, Wang H, Olatunde A, Rengasamy KRR. Iturin: cyclic lipopeptide with multifunction biological potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 62:7976-7988. [PMID: 33983074 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1922355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iturin, a metabolite produced by Bacillus subtilis, has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, and because they are secreted in the rhizosphere of plants, iturins are often mixed with many organic molecules. In recent years, people have improved their separation and purification methods but still cannot achieve simple and effective procedures, making Iturins an ideal biological control agent for insects and bacteria; commercial value still cannot be realized. With the in-depth studies of Iturins, its anti-cancer, hemolysis and other biological activities have gradually been discovered. This article reviews the branches of the Iturin family, structural features of these metabolite, separation and purification methods used for producing it, culture optimization, and various biological activities of the Iturin family, such as insecticidal, antibacterial, hemolytic and anticarcinogenic properties, among others have been summarized. Furthermore, this review revealed some commercial applications of Iturins and their relevance in research works. For example, in food packaging, clean water has good development potential.This can promote the commercial application of Iturins instead of other chemical and biological control agents that are environmentally friendly, pollution-free and have no side effects on humans. Furthermore, work documented anticancer, hemolytic and other biological activities of Iturin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zaixiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa
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Liang L, Fu Y, Deng S, Wu Y, Gao M. Genomic, Antimicrobial, and Aphicidal Traits of Bacillus velezensis ATR2, and Its Biocontrol Potential against Ginger Rhizome Rot Disease Caused by Bacillus pumilus. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010063. [PMID: 35056513 PMCID: PMC8778260 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger rhizome rot disease, caused by the pathogen Bacilluspumilus GR8, could result in severe rot of ginger rhizomes and heavily threaten ginger production. In this study, we identified and characterized a new Bacillus velezensis strain, designated ATR2. Genome analysis revealed B. velezensis ATR2 harbored a series of genes closely related to promoting plant growth and triggering plant immunity. Meanwhile, ten gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites (surfactin, bacillomycin, fengycin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, difficidin, macrolactin, bacillaene, plantazolicin, and amylocyclicin) and two clusters encoding a putative lipopeptide and a putative phosphonate which might be explored as novel bioactive compounds were also present in the ATR2 genome. Moreover, B. velezensis ATR2 showed excellent antagonistic activities against multiple plant pathogenic bacteria, plant pathogenic fungi, human pathogenic bacteria, and human pathogenic fungus. B. velezensis ATR2 was also efficacious in control of aphids. The antagonistic compound from B. velezensis ATR2 against B.pumilus GR8 was purified and identified as bacillomycin D. In addition, B. velezensis ATR2 exhibited excellent biocontrol efficacy against ginger rhizome rot disease on ginger slices. These findings showed the potential of further applications of B. velezensis ATR2 as a biocontrol agent in agricultural diseases and pests management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiqin Liang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yajuan Fu
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sangsang Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Meiying Gao
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (L.L.); (Y.F.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Zhou GF, Yang L, Zhang SH, Wang Y, Yang Y, Xu R, Zhao X, Nie D, Shan J, Cui CB, Li CW. Surfactin isoforms isolated from a mushroom derived Bacillus halotolerans DMG-7-2. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5222-5227. [PMID: 33977824 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1926457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new iso-C14 [Val2, Val7] surfactin isoform (1) together with eight known ones (2-9), was isolated from the culture of a mushroom derived bacterium, Bacillus halotolerans DMG-7-2. The structures of them were mainly elucidated by NMR and MS data, and the NMR data of 5 also was reported for the first time. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by Marfey's analysis (for amino acid residues) and the 13C NMR calculation of the two plausible epimers of 1 (for fatty acid). Compounds 1-9 showed moderate cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7) and mice microglial BV2 cells, the IC50 values ranged from 8.91 to 33.00 µM, and the IC50 values of the positive control 5-FU were 99.94, 71.49 and 0.12 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Bin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang X, Chen X, Qiao X, Fan X, Huo X, Zhang D. Isolation and yield optimization of lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis Z-14 active against wheat take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:931-940. [PMID: 33326164 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Wheat take-all, caused by the soil-borne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is one of the major constraints on wheat production worldwide. Bacillus subtilis Z-14 exerts significant biocontrol activity against wheat take-all, and lipopeptide antibiotics are the main antifungal substances. Herein, lipopeptide antibiotics C14-C15 iturin A, C14-C16 fengycin A, and C15-C17 fengycin B from B. subtilis Z-14 culture filtrates were separated and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, respectively. The optimal medium components for Z-14 lipopeptide antibiotic production were 3.85 g/L corn flour, 1.57 g/L soybean meal, 0.03 g/L FeSO4 ·7H2 O, 0.2 g/L NaH2 PO4 ·2H2 O, and 0.4 g/L Na2 HPO4 ·2H2 O. Quantification analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that fengycins played a main role in antifungal activity against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that lipopeptide synthesis genes fenD and ituC reached maximum expression levels after 48 h of fermentation. The strongest control of wheat take-all by Z-14 was achieved by adding 30 mL of culture filtrate per 350 g of soil in pot experiments, during which disease reduction reached 88.15%. This study provides theoretical support and a material basis for the prevention and treatment of wheat take-all disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Qiao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xuerui Fan
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Huo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P. R. China
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13
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Sharma D, Bisht GS. Recent Updates on Antifungal Peptides. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:260-268. [PMID: 31556857 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190926112423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current trend of increment in the frequency of antifungal resistance has brought research into an era where new antifungal compounds with novel mechanisms of action are required. Natural antimicrobial peptides, which are ubiquitous components of innate immunity, represent their candidature for novel antifungal peptides. Various antifungal peptides have been isolated from different species ranging from small marine organisms to insects and from various other living species. Based on these peptides, various mimetics of antifungal peptides have also been synthesized using non-natural amino acids. Utilization of these antifungal peptides is somehow limited due to their toxic and unstable nature. This review discusses recent updates and future directions of antifungal peptides, for taking them to the shelf from the bench.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
| | - Gopal Singh Bisht
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
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14
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Genome mining and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to identify the potential antimicrobial compounds and determine the specificity of biosynthetic gene clusters in Bacillus subtilis NCD-2. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:767. [PMID: 33153447 PMCID: PMC7643408 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus subtilis strain NCD-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent against plant soil-borne diseases and shows broad-spectrum antifungal activities. This study aimed to explore some secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and related antimicrobial compounds in strain NCD-2. An integrative approach combining genome mining and structural identification technologies using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was adopted to interpret the chemical origins of metabolites with significant biological activities. Results Genome mining revealed nine gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites with predicted functions, including fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, bacilysin and three unknown products. Fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin were successfully detected from the fermentation broth of strain NCD-2 by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The biosynthetic gene clusters of bacillaene, subtilosin, bacillibactin, and bacilysin showed 100% amino acid sequence identities with those in B. velezensis strain FZB42, whereas the identities of the surfactin and fengycin gene clusters were only 83 and 92%, respectively. Further comparison revealed that strain NCD-2 had lost the fenC and fenD genes in the fengycin biosynthetic operon. The biosynthetic enzyme-related gene srfAB for surfactin was divided into two parts. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FenE in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenE and FenC in strain FZB42, and that FenA in strain NCD-2 had a similar function to FenA and FenD in strain FZB42. Five different kinds of fengycins, with 26 homologs, and surfactin, with 4 homologs, were detected from strain NCD-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a non-typical gene cluster related to fengycin synthesis. Conclusions Our study revealed a number of gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in the genome of strain NCD-2, including a fengycin synthetic gene cluster that might be unique by using genome mining and UHPLC–QTOF–MS/MS. The production of fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene and bacillibactin might explain the biological activities of strain NCD-2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07160-2.
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15
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Lesson from Ecotoxicity: Revisiting the Microbial Lipopeptides for the Management of Emerging Diseases for Crop Protection. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041434. [PMID: 32102264 PMCID: PMC7068399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms area treasure in terms of theproduction of various bioactive compounds which are being explored in different arenas of applied sciences. In agriculture, microbes and their bioactive compounds are being utilized in growth promotion and health promotion withnutrient fortification and its acquisition. Exhaustive explorations are unraveling the vast diversity of microbialcompounds with their potential usage in solving multiferous problems incrop production. Lipopeptides are one of such microbial compounds which havestrong antimicrobial properties against different plant pathogens. These compounds are reported to be produced by bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, and few other microorganisms; however, genus Bacillus alone produces a majority of diverse lipopeptides. Lipopeptides are low molecular weight compounds which havemultiple industrial roles apart from being usedas biosurfactants and antimicrobials. In plant protection, lipopeptides have wide prospects owing totheirpore-forming ability in pathogens, siderophore activity, biofilm inhibition, and dislodging activity, preventing colonization bypathogens, antiviral activity, etc. Microbes with lipopeptides that haveall these actions are good biocontrol agents. Exploring these antimicrobial compounds could widen the vistasof biological pest control for existing and emerging plant pathogens. The broader diversity and strong antimicrobial behavior of lipopeptides could be a boon for dealing withcomplex pathosystems and controlling diseases of greater economic importance. Understanding which and how these compounds modulate the synthesis and production of defense-related biomolecules in the plants is a key question—the answer of whichneeds in-depth investigation. The present reviewprovides a comprehensive picture of important lipopeptides produced by plant microbiome, their isolation, characterization, mechanisms of disease control, behavior against phytopathogens to understand different aspects of antagonism, and potential prospects for future explorations as antimicrobial agents. Understanding and exploring the antimicrobial lipopeptides from bacteria and fungi could also open upan entire new arena of biopesticides for effective control of devastating plant diseases.
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16
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Hu Q, Tan L, Gu S, Xiao Y, Xiong X, Zeng WA, Feng K, Wei Z, Deng Y. Network analysis infers the wilt pathogen invasion associated with non-detrimental bacteria. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32060424 PMCID: PMC7021801 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-0117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota colonizing the root endophytic compartment and surrounding rhizosphere soils contribute to plant growth and health. However, the key members of plant soil and endophytic microbial communities involved in inhibiting or assisting pathogen invasion remain elusive. By utilizing 16S high-throughput sequencing and a molecular ecological network (MEN) approach, we systematically studied the interactions within bacterial communities in plant endophytic compartments (stem and root) and the surrounding soil (bulk and rhizosphere) during bacterial wilt invasion. The endophytic communities were found to be strongly influenced by pathogen invasion according to analysis of microbial diversity and community structure and composition. Endophytic communities of the infected plants were primarily derived from soil communities, as assessed by the SourceTracker program, but with rare migration from soil communities to endophytic communities observed in healthy plants. Soil and endophytic microbiomes from infected plants showed modular topology and greater complexity in network analysis, and a higher number of interactions than those in healthy plants. Furthermore, interactions among microbial members revealed that pathogenic Ralstonia members were positively correlated with several bacterial genera, including Delftia, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Clostridium XlVa, Fontibacillus, Acidovorax, Herminiimonas, and three unclassified bacterial genera, in infected plant roots. Our findings indicated that the pathogen invasion in the rhizosphere and endophytic compartments may be highly associated with bacteria that are normally not detrimental, and sometimes even beneficial, to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songsong Gu
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yansong Xiao
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Ai Zeng
- Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Wei
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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17
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Qian S, Li X, Sun L, Shen Y, Ren Q, Diao E, Lu Z. Exploration of production of C 14 and C 15 bacillomycin D homologues with enzymatic hydrolysis from maize straws using fed-batch fermentation by Bacillus subtilis NS-174. RSC Adv 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10536k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A strain with strong antifungal activity, Bacillus subtilis NS-174, was identified and the antifungal compounds were purified and structurally analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiquan Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety and Nutrition Function Evaluation
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huaian 223300
| | - Xuejin Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering
- Bengbu University
- Bengbu
- China
| | - Lu Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety and Nutrition Function Evaluation
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huaian 223300
| | - Qingyi Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety and Nutrition Function Evaluation
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huaian 223300
| | - Enjie Diao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety and Nutrition Function Evaluation
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huaian 223300
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
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18
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Suppression of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by the Induction of Systemic Resistance and Regulation of Antioxidant Pathways in Tomato Using Fengycin Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100613. [PMID: 31623124 PMCID: PMC6843208 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopeptides from Bacillus species exhibit promising biological control activity against plant pathogens. This study aimed to explore the potential of purified fengycin to induce systemic resistance in tomato against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42, its mutant AK1S, and their corresponding metabolites showed in vitro inhibition of S. sclerotiorum mycelium. Fengycin derived from an AK1S mutant was purified and identified through HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed structural deformities in the fungal mycelium. Moreover, fengycin induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in S. sclerotiorum mycelium and downregulated the expression of ROS-scavenging genes viz., superoxide dismutase (SsSOD1), peroxidase (SsPO), and catalase (SsCAT1) compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, the lesion size was dramatically reduced in fengycin-treated tomato plants compared to plants infected with S. sclerotiorum only in a greenhouse experiment. Additionally, the transcriptional regulation of defense-related genes GST, SOD, PAL, HMGR, and MPK3 showed the highest upsurge in expression at 48 h post-inoculation (hpi). However, their expression was subsequently decreased at 96 hpi in fengycin + S. sclerotiorum treatment compared to the plants treated with fengycin only. Conversely, the expression of PPO increased in a linear manner up to 96 hpi.
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19
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Chen X, Wang Y, Gao Y, Gao T, Zhang D. Inhibitory Abilities of Bacillus Isolates and Their Culture Filtrates against the Gray Mold Caused by Botrytis cinerea on Postharvest Fruit. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 35:425-436. [PMID: 31632218 PMCID: PMC6788410 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea, a major phytopathogenic fungus, has been reported to infect more than 200 crop species worldwide, and it causes massive losses in yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory abilities and effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RS-25, Bacillus licheniformis MG-4, Bacillus subtilis Z-14, and Bacillus subtilis Pnf-4 and their culture filtrates and extracts against the gray mold caused by B. cinerea on postharvest tomato, strawberry, and grapefruit. The results revealed that the cells of Z-14, culture filtrate of RS-25, and cells of Z-14 showed the strongest biocontrol activity against the gray mold on the strawberry, grape, and tomato fruit, respectively. All the strains produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and the VOCs of Pnf-4 displayed the highest inhibition values. Based on headspace solid-phase microextraction in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, esters accounted for the largest percentage of the VOCs produced by RS-25, MG-4, Z-14, and Pnf-4 (36.80%, 29.58%, 30.78%, and 36.26%, respectively). All the strains showed potent cellulase and protease activities, but no chitinase activity. RS-25, Z-14, and MG-4, but not Pnf-4, grew on chrome azurol S agar, and an orange halo was formed around the colonies. All the strains showed biofilm formation, fruit colonization, and lipopeptide production, which may be the main modes of action of the antagonists against B. cinerea on the fruit. This study provides the basis for developing natural biocontrol agents against the gray mold caused by B. cinerea on postharvest fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dongdong Zhang
- Corresponding author.: Phone) +86-3127528273, FAX) +86-3127528273, E-mail)
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20
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Zhou M, Li P, Wu S, Zhao P, Gao H. Bacillus subtilis CF-3 Volatile Organic Compounds Inhibit Monilinia fructicola Growth in Peach Fruit. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1804. [PMID: 31440224 PMCID: PMC6692483 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Bacillus subtilis CF-3 in inhibiting Monilinia fructicola in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiments, the effect of VOCs on the growth of the pathogenic fungi was explored by using plate enthalpy test; mycelial morphology was studied by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy; and fatty acid contents in the cell membrane were assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicated that treatment with benzothiazole and CF-3 for 24 h, in the form of a fermentation broth (24hFB), significantly inhibited the germination of fungal spores, modified hyphal and cell morphology, and decreased the cell membrane fluidity and integrity. In the in vivo experiments, the effect of VOCs on the defense mechanism of peach fruit toward M. fructicola was studied, and we found that benzothiazole and CF-3 24hFB inhibited the activity of the pathogenic enzymes (pectinase, cellulase) secreted by M. fructicola to reduce the decomposition of plant tissues, activate the antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) in the fruit to eliminate excessive reactive oxygen species in order to reduce plant cell damage, and trigger the disease-resistant enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinases, and β-1,3-glucanase) to enhance the resistance of peach fruit to M. fructicola and inhibit its growth. This study suggests that CF-3 VOCs could activate disease-resistant enzymes to prevent the invasion of pathogenic fungi and induce resistance in peach, thereby providing a theoretical basis for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshun Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Shanghai, China
| | - Peizhong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyuan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyu Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Shanghai, China
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21
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Kaspar F, Neubauer P, Gimpel M. Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Bacillus subtilis: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2038-2053. [PMID: 31287310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is widely underappreciated for its inherent biosynthetic potential. This report comprehensively summarizes the known bioactive secondary metabolites from B. subtilis and highlights potential applications as plant pathogen control agents, drugs, and biosurfactants. B. subtilis is well known for the production of cyclic lipopeptides exhibiting strong surfactant and antimicrobial activities, such as surfactins, iturins, and fengycins. Several polyketide-derived macrolides as well as nonribosomal peptides, dihydroisocoumarins, and linear lipopeptides with antimicrobial properties have been reported, demonstrating the biosynthetic arsenal of this bacterium. Promising efforts toward the application of B. subtilis strains and their natural products in areas of agriculture and medicine are underway. However, industrial-scale availability of these compounds is currently limited by low fermentation yields and challenging accessibility via synthesis, necessitating the development of genetically engineered strains and optimized cultivation processes. We hope that this review will attract renewed interest in this often-overlooked bacterium and its impressive biosynthetic skill set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kaspar
- Institute of Biotechnology , Technical University of Berlin , Ackerstraße 76 , 13355 Berlin , Germany
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Institute of Biotechnology , Technical University of Berlin , Ackerstraße 76 , 13355 Berlin , Germany
| | - Matthias Gimpel
- Institute of Biotechnology , Technical University of Berlin , Ackerstraße 76 , 13355 Berlin , Germany
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22
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Ortiz A, Sansinenea E. Chemical Compounds Produced by Bacillus sp. Factories and Their Role in Nature. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:373-380. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180829113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are able to produce hundreds of unique chemical structures that can be effectively used by the human beings on their own benefit using the products in the chemical industry. Bacteria belonging to Bacillus genera are very good chemical factories capable to synthesize different compounds with a wide variety of activities. In this review, we try to review the compounds with their respective biological activities produced by different species of Bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Ortiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, C.P. 72570, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, C.P. 72570, Puebla, Pue, Mexico
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23
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Harwood CR, Mouillon JM, Pohl S, Arnau J. Secondary metabolite production and the safety of industrially important members of the Bacillus subtilis group. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:721-738. [PMID: 30053041 PMCID: PMC6199538 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the 'Bacillus subtilis group' include some of the most commercially important bacteria, used for the production of a wide range of industrial enzymes and fine biochemicals. Increasingly, group members have been developed for use as animal feed enhancers and antifungal biocontrol agents. The group has long been recognised to produce a range of secondary metabolites and, despite their long history of safe usage, this has resulted in an increased focus on their safety. Traditional methods used to detect the production of secondary metabolites and other potentially harmful compounds have relied on phenotypic tests. Such approaches are time consuming and, in some cases, lack specificity. Nowadays, accessibility to genome data and associated bioinformatical tools provides a powerful means for identifying gene clusters associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites. This review focuses primarily on well-characterised strains of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis and their synthesis of non-ribosomally synthesised peptides and polyketides. Where known, the activities and toxicities of their secondary metabolites are discussed, together with the limitations of assays currently used to assess their toxicity. Finally, the regulatory framework under which such strains are authorised for use in the production of food and feed enzymes is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Harwood
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Jean-Marie Mouillon
- Department of Fungal Strain Technology and Strain Approval Support, Novozymes A/S, Krogshoevej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Susanne Pohl
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
| | - José Arnau
- Department of Fungal Strain Technology and Strain Approval Support, Novozymes A/S, Krogshoevej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
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24
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Ashokkumar M, Irudayaraj G, Yellapu N, Manonmani AM. Molecular characterization of bmyC gene of the mosquito pupicidal bacteria, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (VCRC B483) and in silico analysis of bacillomycin D synthetase C protein. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:116. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Sun J, Qian S, Lu J, Liu Y, Lu F, Bie X, Lu Z. Knockout of rapC Improves the Bacillomycin D Yield Based on De Novo Genome Sequencing of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fmbJ. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4422-4430. [PMID: 29648449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a Gram-positive and soil-dwelling bacterium, could produce secondary metabolites that suppress plant pathogens. In this study, we provided the whole genome sequence results of B. amyloliquefaciens fmbJ, which had one circular chromosome of 4 193 344 bp with 4249 genes, 87 tRNA genes, and 27 rRNA genes. In addition, fmbJ was found to contain several gene clusters of antimicrobial lipopeptides (bacillomycin D, surfactin, and fengycin), and bacillomycin D homologues were further comprehensively identified. To clarify the influence of rapC regulating the synthesis of lipopeptide on the yield of bacillomycin D, rapC gene in fmbJ was successfully deleted by the marker-free method. Finally, it was found that the deletion of rapC gene in fmbJ significantly improved bacillomycin D production from 240.7 ± 18.9 to 360.8 ± 30.7 mg/L, attributed to the increased the expression of bacillomycin D synthesis-related genes through enhancing the transcriptional level of comA, comP, and phrC. These results showed that the production of bacillomycin D in B. amyloliquefaciens fmbJ might be regulated by the RapC-PhrC system. The findings are expected to advance further agricultural application of Bacillus spp. as a promising source of natural bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shiquan Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , 1 Weigang , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
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Xiao Y, Liu X, Meng D, Tao J, Gu Y, Yin H, Li J. The role of soil bacterial community during winter fallow period in the incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt disease. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2399-2412. [PMID: 29368216 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, occurs occasionally during tobacco planting and potentially brings huge economic losses in affected areas. Soil microbes in different management stages play important roles in influencing bacterial wilt incidence. Studies have focused on the impacts of species diversity and composition during cropping periods on disease morbidity; however, the effects of the soil bacterial biomass, species diversity, species succession, and population interactions on morbidity remain unclear during non-cropping periods. In this study, we explored the soil bacterial communities in the non-cropping winter fallow (WF) and cropping late growing (LG) periods under consecutive monoculture systems using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and qPCR and further analyzed their effects on tobacco bacterial wilt incidence. We found that the bacterial communities in the WF period were significantly different from those in the LG period based on detrended correspondence analysis and dissimilarity tests. Crop morbidity was significantly related to bacterial community structure and to the presence of some genera during WF and LG periods. These genera, such as Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acidobacteria GP6, and Pasteuria, may be potential biological control agents for bacterial wilt. Further analysis indicated that low soil bacterial diversity during the WF period, decrease of bacterial interactions from the WF to LG periods, and low soil biomass during the LG period all have the potential to increase morbidity. In conclusion, an increase of soil bacterial diversity and control of some bacterial abundances in the WF period might be an effective approach in controlling bacterial wilt incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Delong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jiemeng Tao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yabing Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Juan Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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27
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Sarwar A, Hassan MN, Imran M, Iqbal M, Majeed S, Brader G, Sessitsch A, Hafeez FY. Biocontrol activity of surfactin A purified from Bacillus NH-100 and NH-217 against rice bakanae disease. Microbiol Res 2018; 209:1-13. [PMID: 29580617 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The potential of the Bacillus genus to antagonize phytopathogens is associated with the production of cyclic lipopeptides. Depending upon the type of lipopeptide, they may serve as biocontrol agents that are eco-friendly alternatives to chemical fertilizers. This study evaluates the biocontrol activity of surfactin-producing Bacillus (SPB) strains NH-100 and NH-217 and purified surfactin A from these strains against rice bakanae disease. Biologically active surfactin fractions were purified by HPLC, and surfactin A variants with chain lengths from C12 to C16 were confirmed by LCMS-ESI. In hemolytic assays, a positive correlation between surfactin A production and halo zone formation was observed. The purified surfactin A had strong antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, F. solani, Trichoderma atroviride and T. reesei. Maximum fungal growth suppression (84%) was recorded at 2000 ppm against F. moniliforme. Surfactin A retained antifungal activity at different pH levels (5-9) and temperatures (20, 50 and 121 °C). Hydroponic and pot experiments were conducted to determine the biocontrol activity of SPB strains and the purified surfactin A from these strains on Super Basmati rice. Surfactin production in the rice rhizosphere was detected by LCMS-ESI at early growth stages in hydroponics experiments inoculated with SPB strains. However, the maximum yield was observed with a consortium of SPB strains (T4) and purified surfactin A (T5) treatments in the pot experiment. The outcomes of the present study revealed that surfactin A significantly reduced rice bakanae disease by up to 80%. These findings suggest that purified surfactin A could be an effective biocontrol agent against bakanae disease in rice and should be incorporated into strategies for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambrin Sarwar
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Hassan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Majeed
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Günter Brader
- Center for Health & Bioresources, Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, AIT, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, Tulln A-3430, Austria
| | - Angela Sessitsch
- Center for Health & Bioresources, Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, AIT, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, Tulln A-3430, Austria
| | - Fauzia Yusuf Hafeez
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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28
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Pitzschke A. Molecular dynamics in germinating, endophyte-colonized quinoa seeds. PLANT AND SOIL 2018; 422:135-154. [PMID: 29416180 PMCID: PMC5798591 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-017-3184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The pseudo-cereal quinoa has an outstanding nutritional value. Seed germination is unusually fast, and plant tolerance to salt stress exceptionally high. Seemingly all seeds harbor bacterial endophytes. This work examines mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activities during early development. It evaluates possible contribution of endophytes to rapid germination and plant robustness. METHODS MAPK activities were monitored in water- and NaCl-imbibed seeds over a 4-h-period using an immunoblot-based approach. Cellulolytic and pectinolytic abilities of bacteria were assessed biochemically, and cellular movement, biofilm, elicitor and antimicrobial compound synthesis genes sequenced. GyrA-based, cultivation-independent studies provided first insight into endophyte diversity. RESULTS Quinoa seeds and seedlings exhibit remarkably complex and dynamic MAPK activity profiles. Depending on seed origin, variances exist in MAPK patterns and probably also in endophyte assemblages. Mucilage-degrading activities enable endophytes to colonize seed surfaces of a non-host species, chia, without apparent adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Owing to their motility, cell wall-loosening and elicitor-generating abilities, quinoa endophytes have the potential to drive cell expansion, move across cell walls, generate damage-associated molecular patterns and activate MAPKs in their host. Bacteria may thus facilitate rapid germination and confer a primed state directly upon seed rehydration. Transfer into non-native crops appears both desirable and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pitzschke
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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29
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Kim YT, Park BK, Kim SE, Lee WJ, Moon JS, Cho MS, Park HY, Hwang I, Kim SU. Organization and characterization of genetic regions in Bacillus subtilis subsp. krictiensis ATCC55079 associated with the biosynthesis of iturin and surfactin compounds. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188179. [PMID: 29267290 PMCID: PMC5739386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis subsp. krictiensis ATCC55079 produces the cyclic lipopeptide antibiotics iturin A-F as well as several surfactins. Here, we analyzed and characterized the biosynthetic genes associated with iturin and surfactin production in this strain. We aligned the sequences of each iturin and surfactin synthetase ORF obtained from a genomic library screen and next generation sequencing. The resulting 37,249-bp and 37,645-bp sequences associated with iturin and surfactin production, respectively, contained several ORFs that are predicted to encode proteins involved in iturin and surfactin biosynthesis. These ORFs showed higher sequence homologies with the respective iturin and surfactin synthetase genes of B. methylotrophicus CAU B946 than with those of B. subtilis RB14 and B. subtilis ATCC6633. Moreover, comparative analysis of the secondary metabolites produced by the wild-type and surfactin-less mutant (with a spectinomycin resistance cassette inserted into the srfAB gene within the putative surfactin gene region) strains demonstrated that the mutant strain showed significantly higher antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum than the wild-type strain. In addition, the wild-type strain-specific surfactin high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) peaks were not observed in the surfactin-less mutant strain. In contrast, the iturin A peak detected by HPLC and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) in the surfactin-less mutant strain was 30% greater than that in the wild-type strain. These results suggested that the gene cluster we identified is involved in surfactin biosynthesis, and the biosynthetic pathways for iturin and surfactin in Bacillus strains producing both iturin and surfactin may utilize a common pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Tae Kim
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Keun Park
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jung Lee
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sun Moon
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ho-Yong Park
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ingyu Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Uk Kim
- Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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30
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Farias BCS, Hissa DC, do Nascimento CTM, Oliveira SA, Zampieri D, Eberlin MN, Migueleti DLS, Martins LF, Sousa MP, Moyses DN, Melo VMM. Cyclic lipopeptide signature as fingerprinting for the screening of halotolerant Bacillus strains towards microbial enhanced oil recovery. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1179-1190. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Yang H, Li J, Xiao Y, Gu Y, Liu H, Liang Y, Liu X, Hu J, Meng D, Yin H. An Integrated Insight into the Relationship between Soil Microbial Community and Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Disease. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2179. [PMID: 29163453 PMCID: PMC5681905 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The soil microbial communities play an important role in plant health, however, the relationship between the below-ground microbiome and above-ground plant health remains unclear. To reveal such a relationship, we analyzed soil microbial communities through sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from 15 different tobacco fields with different levels of wilt disease in the central south part of China. We found that plant health was related to the soil microbial diversity as plants may benefit from the diverse microbial communities. Also, those 15 fields were grouped into ‘healthy’ and ‘infected’ samples based upon soil microbial community composition analyses such as unweighted paired-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) and principle component analysis, and furthermore, molecular ecological network analysis indicated that some potential plant-beneficial microbial groups, e.g., Bacillus and Actinobacteria could act as network key taxa, thus reducing the chance of plant soil-borne pathogen invasion. In addition, we propose that a more complex soil ecology network may help suppress tobacco wilt, which was also consistent with highly diversity and composition with plant-beneficial microbial groups. This study provides new insights into our understanding the relationship between the soil microbiome and plant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Yabing Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Yili Liang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Delong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
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32
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Zhao X, Zhou Z, Han Y. Antifungal Effects of Lipopeptide Produced by <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> BH072. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2017.89022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Kaur P, Joshi N, Singh I, Saini H. Identification of cyclic lipopeptides produced byBacillus vallismortisR2 and their antifungal activity againstAlternaria alternata. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 122:139-152. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.K. Kaur
- Department of Microbiology; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar India
| | - N. Joshi
- Department of Natural Products; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Mohali India
| | - I.P. Singh
- Department of Natural Products; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research; Mohali India
| | - H.S. Saini
- Department of Microbiology; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar India
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34
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Jasim B, Mathew J, Radhakrishnan E. Identification of a novel endophytic Bacillus
sp. from Capsicum annuum
with highly efficient and broad spectrum plant probiotic effect. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1079-94. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Jasim
- School of Biosciences; Mahatma Gandhi University; Kottayam Kerala India
| | - J. Mathew
- School of Biosciences; Mahatma Gandhi University; Kottayam Kerala India
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35
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Cheng J, Jaiswal KS, Yang SH, Suh JW. EndophyticBacillus subtilisMJMP2 from Kimchi inhibitsXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae, the pathogen of Rice bacterial blight disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3839/jabc.2016.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Cheng
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumar Sagar Jaiswal
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-728, Republic of Korea
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36
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Silva M, Pereira A, Teixeira D, Candeias A, Caldeira AT. Combined Use of NMR, LC-ESI-MS and Antifungal Tests for Rapid Detection of Bioactive Lipopeptides Produced by <i>Bacillus</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2016.610077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Ben Khedher S, Kilani-Feki O, Dammak M, Jabnoun-Khiareddine H, Daami-Remadi M, Tounsi S. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis V26 as a biological control agent against Rhizoctonia solani on potato. C R Biol 2015; 338:784-92. [PMID: 26563555 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the strain Bacillus subtilis V26, a local isolate from the Tunisian soil, to control potato black scurf caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The in vitro antifungal activity of V26 significantly inhibited R. solani growth compared to the untreated control. Microscopic observations revealed that V26 caused considerable morphological deformations of the fungal hyphae such as vacuolation, protoplast leakage and mycelia crack. The most effective control was achieved when strain V26 was applied 24h prior to inoculation (protective activity) in potato slices. The antagonistic bacterium V26 induced significant suppression of root canker and black scurf tuber colonization compared to untreated controls with a decrease in incidence disease of 63% and 81%, respectively, and promoted plant growth under greenhouse conditions on potato plants. Therefore, B. subtilis V26 has a great potential to be commercialized as a biocontrol agent against R. solani on potato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoussen Ben Khedher
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Olfa Kilani-Feki
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia; Département « génie biotechnologique », école polytechnique de Sousse, 4045 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Dammak
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hayfa Jabnoun-Khiareddine
- UR13AGR09, Integrated Horticultural Production in the Tunisian Centre East, Regional Center of Researches on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Chott-Mariem, Tunisia
| | - Mejda Daami-Remadi
- UR13AGR09, Integrated Horticultural Production in the Tunisian Centre East, Regional Center of Researches on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Chott-Mariem, Tunisia
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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Kim JS, Lee J, Lee CH, Woo SY, Kang H, Seo SG, Kim SH. Activation of Pathogenesis-related Genes by the Rhizobacterium, Bacillus sp. JS, Which Induces Systemic Resistance in Tobacco Plants. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 31:195-201. [PMID: 26060440 PMCID: PMC4454002 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.11.2014.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to confer disease resistance to plants. Bacillus sp. JS demonstrated antifungal activities against five fungal pathogens in in vitro assays. To verify whether the volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS confer disease resistance, tobacco leaves pre-treated with the volatiles were damaged by the fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani and oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae. Pre-treated tobacco leaves had smaller lesion than the control plant leaves. In pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression analysis, volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS caused the up-regulation of PR-2 encoding β-1,3-glucanase and acidic PR-3 encoding chitinase. Expression of acidic PR-4 encoding chitinase and acidic PR-9 encoding peroxidase increased gradually after exposure of the volatiles to Bacillus sp. JS. Basic PR-14 encoding lipid transfer protein was also increased. However, PR-1 genes, as markers of salicylic acid (SA) induced resistance, were not expressed. These results suggested that the volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS confer disease resistance against fungal and oomycete pathogens through PR genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572,
Japan
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743,
Korea
| | - Jeongeun Lee
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572,
Japan
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743,
Korea
| | - Chan-hui Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701,
Korea
| | - Su Young Woo
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743,
Korea
| | - Hoduck Kang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715,
Korea
| | - Sang-Gyu Seo
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743,
Korea
| | - Sun-Hyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743,
Korea
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Pandya U, Saraf M. Isolation and identification of allelochemicals produced by B. sonorensis for suppression of charcoal rot of Arachis hypogaea L. J Basic Microbiol 2014; 55:635-44. [PMID: 25346523 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201400416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus sonorensis MBCU2 isolated from vermicompost-amended soil from Gujarat, India showed most antagonistic activity against Macrophomina phaseolina by dual culture screening. The culture supernatant of MBCU2 completely suppressed the mycelia growth of pathogen, indicating that suppression was due to the presence of allelochemicals in the culture filtrate. Results of scanning electron microscopy revealed that MBCU2 caused morphological alteration in mycelia of M. phaseolina as evident by hyphal lysis and perforation. Lipopeptides (iturin A and surfactin) produced by MBCU2 were detected and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS as well as liquid chromatography coupled with ESI-MS/MS. Pot trial studies conducted by seed bacterization with MBCU2 resulted in statistically significant increase in Arachis hypogaea L. vegetative growth parameters such as root length (91%), shoot length (252%), fresh weight (71%), dry weight (57%), number of pod (128%), and number of seed (290%) in M. phaseolina infested soil over control as well as decreased M. phaseolina disease severity. We suggest that allelochemicals production can be linked to the mechanism of protection of A. hypogaea L. from M. phaseolina by B. sonorensis MBCU2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urja Pandya
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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40
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Gong Q, Zhang C, Lu F, Zhao H, Bie X, Lu Z. Identification of bacillomycin D from Bacillus subtilis fmbJ and its inhibition effects against Aspergillus flavus. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Kudo F, Miyanaga A, Eguchi T. Biosynthesis of natural products containing β-amino acids. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:1056-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00007b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
β-Amino acids are unique components involved in a wide variety of natural products such as anticancer agents taxol, bleomycin, cytotoxic microcystin, enediyne compound C-1027 chromophore, nucleoside antibiotic blasticidin S, and macrolactam antibiotic vicenistatin. The biosynthesis and incorporation mechanisms are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Kudo
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Akimasa Miyanaga
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tadashi Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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Identification of 4″-isovaleryl-spiramycin III produced by Bacillus sp. fmbJ. Arch Microbiol 2013; 196:87-95. [PMID: 24356910 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-013-0939-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The production of secondary metabolites with antibiotic properties is a common characteristic to Bacillus spp. These metabolites not only have diverse chemical structures but also have a wide range of bioactivities with medicinal and agricultural interests such as antibiotic. Bacillus sp. fmbJ has been found to produce lipopeptides fengycin and surfactin in accordance with our previous report. In this study, another antimicrobial substance was separated and purified from the culture supernatant of strain fmbJ using the silica gel column chromatography and preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. By means of electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance, the antagonistic compound was determined to be 4″-isovaleryl-spiramycin III with the molecular weight of 982 Da. This report is the first to introduce the finding of spiramycin produced from Bacillus sp. The study provides a novel source for the production of spiramycin in pharmaceutical industries.
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43
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Fighting Plant Diseases Through the Application of Bacillus and Pseudomonas Strains. SOIL BIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-39317-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Abstract
Natural products and their derivatives play an important role in modern healthcare as frontline treatments for many diseases and as inspiration for chemically synthesized therapeutics. With advances in sequencing and recombinant DNA technology, many of the biosynthetic pathways responsible for the production of these chemically complex yet valuable compounds have been elucidated. With an ever-expanding toolkit of biosynthetic components, metabolic engineering is an increasingly powerful method to improve natural product titers and generate novel compounds. Heterologous production platforms have enabled access to pathways from difficult to culture strains, systems biology and metabolic modeling tools have resulted in increasing predictive and analytic capabilities, advances in expression systems and regulation have enabled the fine-tuning of pathways for increased efficiency, and characterization of individual pathway components has facilitated the construction of hybrid pathways for the production of new compounds. These advances in the many aspects of metabolic engineering not only have yielded fascinating scientific discoveries but also make it an increasingly viable approach for the optimization of natural product biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Pickens
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Alvarez F, Castro M, Príncipe A, Borioli G, Fischer S, Mori G, Jofré E. The plant-associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains MEP2 18 and ARP2 3 capable of producing the cyclic lipopeptides iturin or surfactin and fengycin are effective in biocontrol of sclerotinia stem rot disease. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112:159-74. [PMID: 22017648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This work was conducted to identify the antifungal compounds produced by two previously isolated Bacillus sp. strains: ARP(2) 3 and MEP(2) 18. Both strains were subjected to further analysis to determine their taxonomic position and to identify the compounds responsible for their antifungal activity as well as to evaluate the efficiency of these strains to control sclerotinia stem rot in soybean. METHODS AND RESULTS The antifungal compounds were isolated by acid precipitation of cell-free supernatants, purified by RP-HPLC and then tested for antagonistic activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Mass spectra from RP-HPLC eluted fractions showed the presence of surfactin C(15) , fengycins A (C(16) -C(17)) and B (C(16)) isoforms in supernatants from strain ARP(2) 3 cultures, whereas the major lipopeptide produced by strain MEP(2) 18 was iturin A C(15) . Alterations in mycelial morphology and sclerotial germination were observed in the presence of lipopeptides-containing supernatants from Bacillus strains cultures. Foliar application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains on soybean plants prior to S. sclerotiorum infection resulted in significant protection against sclerotinia stem rot compared with noninoculated plants or plants inoculated with a nonlipopeptide-producing B. subtilis strain. CONCLUSIONS Both strains, renamed as B. amyloliquefaciens ARP(2) 3 and MEP(2) 18, were able to produce antifungal compounds belonging to the cyclic lipopeptide family. Our data suggest that the foliar application of lipopeptide-producing B. amyloliquefaciens strains could be a promising strategy for the management of sclerotinia stem rot in soybean. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Sclerotinia stem rot was ranked as one of the most severe soybean disease in Argentina and worldwide. The results of this study showed the potential of B. amyloliquefaciens strains ARP(2) 3 and MEP(2) 18 to control plant diseases caused by S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Alvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Combined use of LC–ESI-MS and antifungal tests for rapid identification of bioactive lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CCMI 1051. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Wen Y, Wu X, Teng Y, Qian C, Zhan Z, Zhao Y, Li O. Identification and analysis of the gene cluster involved in biosynthesis of paenibactin, a catecholate siderophore produced by Paenibacillus elgii B69. Environ Microbiol 2011; 13:2726-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Abderrahmani A, Tapi A, Nateche F, Chollet M, Leclère V, Wathelet B, Hacene H, Jacques P. Bioinformatics and molecular approaches to detect NRPS genes involved in the biosynthesis of kurstakin from Bacillus thuringiensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:571-81. [PMID: 21751008 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Degenerated primers designed for the detection by polymerase chain reaction of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) genes involved in the biosynthesis of lipopeptides were used on genomic DNA from a new isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis CIP 110220. Primers dedicated to surfactin and bacillomycin detection amplified sequences corresponding respectively to the surfactin synthetase operon and to a gene belonging to a new NRPS operon identified in the genome of B. thuringiensis serovar pondicheriensis BSCG 4BA1. A bioinformatics analysis of this operon led to the prediction of an NRPS constituted of seven modules beginning with a condensation starter domain and which could be involved in the biosynthesis of a heptalipopeptide similar to kurstakin. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) performed on whole cells of B. thuringiensis CIP 110220 confirmed the production of kurstakin by this strain. The kurstakin operon was thus used to design a new set of degenerated primers specifically to detect kurstakin genes. These primers were used to screen kurstakin producers in a collection of nine B. thuringiensis strains isolated from different areas in Algeria and two from the Pasteur Institute collection. For eight among the 11 tested strains, the amplified fragment matched with an operon similar to the kurstakin operon and found in the newly sequenced genome of Bacillus cereus or B. thuringiensis serovar pulsiensis, kurstaki, and thuringiensis. Kurstakin production was detected by MALDI-ToF-MS on whole cells for six strains. This production was compared with the spreading of the strains and their antimicrobial activity. Only the spreading can be correlated with the kurstakin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abderrahmani
- Laboratoire des Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien, ProBioGEM, UPRES-EA 1026, Polytech'Lille/IUT A, Université Lille Nord de France-Sciences et Technologies, USTL, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Novel activity evaluation and subsequent partial purification of antimicrobial peptides produced by Bacillus subtilis LFB112. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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50
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Malfanova N, Kamilova F, Validov S, Shcherbakov A, Chebotar V, Tikhonovich I, Lugtenberg B. Characterization of Bacillus subtilis HC8, a novel plant-beneficial endophytic strain from giant hogweed. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 4:523-32. [PMID: 21366893 PMCID: PMC3815264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty endophytic bacteria were isolated from various plant species growing near Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Based on a screening for various traits, including plant-beneficial properties and DNA fragment patterns, potential siblings were removed. The remaining isolates were taxonomically identified using 16S rDNA sequences and potential human and plant pathogens were removed. The remaining strains were tested for their ability to promote radish root growth and to protect tomato plants against tomato foot and root rot. One strain, Bacillus subtilis HC8, isolated from the giant hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden, significantly promoted plant growth and protected tomato against tomato foot and root rot. Metabolites possibly responsible for these plant-beneficial properties were identified as the hormone gibberellin and (lipo)peptide antibiotics respectively. The antibiotic properties of strain HC8 are similar to those of the commercially available plant-beneficial strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42. However, thin layer chromatography profiles of the two strains differ. It is speculated that endophytes such as B. subtilis HC8 contribute to the fast growth of giant hogweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malfanova
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology, Sylvius Laboratory, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
- All‐Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Saint‐Petersburg‐Pushkin, Russia
| | - Faina Kamilova
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology, Sylvius Laboratory, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shamil Validov
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology, Sylvius Laboratory, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrey Shcherbakov
- All‐Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Saint‐Petersburg‐Pushkin, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chebotar
- All‐Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Saint‐Petersburg‐Pushkin, Russia
| | - Igor Tikhonovich
- All‐Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Saint‐Petersburg‐Pushkin, Russia
| | - Ben Lugtenberg
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology, Sylvius Laboratory, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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