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Szczodra A, Houaoui A, Salminen T, Hannula M, Gobbo VA, Ghanavati S, Miettinen S, Massera J. Pore graded borosilicate bioactive glass scaffolds: in vitro dissolution and cytocompatibility. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:17. [PMID: 38507150 PMCID: PMC10954867 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
3D borosilicate bioactive glass (1393B20 and B12.5MgSr) scaffolds were prepared by robocasting, with and without a dense layer at the top. Pore graded scaffolds are promising as they allow for membrane deposition and could limit the risk of soft tissue infiltration. In vitro dissolution was studied in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). 1393B20 scaffolds dissolved faster than B12.5MgSr in TRIS whereas they dissolved slower in SBF. The difference in dissolution profiles, as a function of the medium used, is assigned to the different rates of precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HA). While the precipitation of calcium phosphate (CaP) in the form of HA, first sign of bioactivity, was confirmed by ICP, FTIR-ATR and SEM-EDX analysis for both compositions, 1393B20 was found to precipitate HA at a faster rate. The presence of a dense top layer did not significantly impact the dissolution rate and CaP precipitation. In vitro cell culture was performed using human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Prior to cell plating, a preincubation of 3 days was found optimum to prevent burst ion release. In direct contact, cells proliferate and spread on the scaffolds while maintaining characteristic spindle morphology. Cell plated on 1393B20 scaffolds showed increased viability when compared to cell plated on B12.5MgSr. The lower cell viability, when testing B12.5MgSr, was assigned to the depletion of Ca2+ ions from culture medium and higher pH. Static cell culture leads to believe that the scaffold produced from the 1393B20 glass composition are promising in bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szczodra
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Amel Houaoui
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Turkka Salminen
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Sonya Ghanavati
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
- Research Services, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jonathan Massera
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
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Vijayakumar N, Venkatraman SK, Nandakumar R, Alex RA, Abraham J, Mohammadi H, Ebadi M, Swamiappan S. Optimization of Metal Ion/Fuel Ratio for an Effective Combustion of Monticellite and Investigation of Its Microbial and Hemolytic Activity for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36919-36932. [PMID: 37841139 PMCID: PMC10568587 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive silicates have gained popularity as bone graft substitutes in recent years due to their exceptional ability to bind to host tissues. The current study investigates the effect of changing the metal ion-to-fuel ratio on the properties and biological activity of monticellite prepared via the sol-gel connived combustion technique. Single-phasic monticellite was obtained at 900 °C, without any secondary-phase contaminants for the fuel-lean, stoichiometric, and fuel-rich conditions. SEM and TEM micrographs revealed the porous, spongy morphology of the materials. Because of the reduced crystallite size and higher surface area, the biomineralization of monticellite prepared under fuel-lean conditions resulted in more apatite deposition than those of the other two samples. The results show that the material has a good compressive strength comparable to natural bone, while its brittleness is equivalent to the lower moduli of bone. In terms of antibacterial and antifungal activities, the monticellite bioceramics outperformed the clinical pathogens. It can be used for bone tissue engineering and other biological applications due to its excellent anti-inflammatory and hemolysis inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveensubramaniam Vijayakumar
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Venkatraman
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Ravindiran Nandakumar
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Raveena Ann Alex
- Microbial
Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Jayanthi Abraham
- Microbial
Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- Institute
of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti
Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAMUNITEN, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia
| | - Mona Ebadi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Sasikumar Swamiappan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
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3
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Santos LF, Silva AS, Mano JF. Magnetic-Based Strategies for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300605. [PMID: 37543723 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of biological substitutes to repair, replace, or enhance tissue- and organ-level functions is a long-sought goal of tissue engineering (TE). However, the clinical translation of TE is hindered by several challenges, including the lack of suitable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties in one biomaterial, and the inability to generate large, vascularized tissues with a complex structure of native tissues. Over the past decade, a new generation of "smart" materials has revolutionized the conventional medical field, transforming TE into a more accurate and sophisticated concept. At the vanguard of scientific development, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their significant potential in various biomedical applications owing to their inherent properties such as biocompatibility and rapid remote response to magnetic fields. Therefore, to develop functional tissue replacements, magnetic force-based TE (Mag-TE) has emerged as an alternative to conventional TE strategies, allowing for the fabrication and real-time monitoring of tissues engineered in vitro. This review addresses the recent studies on the use of MNPs for TE, emphasizing the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical applications. Future perspectives of Mag-TE in the fields of TE and regenerative medicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia F Santos
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Ana S Silva
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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Maevskaia E, Khera N, Ghayor C, Bhattacharya I, Guerrero J, Nicholls F, Waldvogel C, Bärtschi R, Fritschi L, Salamon D, Özcan M, Malgaroli P, Seiler D, de Wild M, Weber FE. Three-Dimensional Printed Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes Designed by a Novel Periodic Minimal Surface Algorithm Are Highly Osteoconductive. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:905-916. [PMID: 37886403 PMCID: PMC10599419 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Autologous bone remains the gold standard bone substitute in clinical practice. Therefore, the microarchitecture of newly developed synthetic bone substitutes, which reflects the spatial distribution of materials in the scaffold, aims to recapitulate the natural bone microarchitecture. However, the natural bone microarchitecture is optimized to obtain a mechanically stable, lightweight structure adapted to the biomechanical loading situation. In the context of synthetic bone substitutes, the application of a Triply Periodic Minimum Surface (TPMS) algorithm can yield stable lightweight microarchitectures that, despite their demanding architectural complexity, can be produced by additive manufacturing. In this study, we applied the TPMS derivative Adaptive Density Minimal Surfaces (ADMS) algorithm to produce scaffolds from hydroxyapatite (HA) using a lithography-based layer-by-layer methodology and compared them with an established highly osteoconductive lattice microarchitecture. We characterized them for compression strength, osteoconductivity, and bone regeneration. The in vivo results, based on a rabbit calvaria defect model, showed that bony ingrowth into ADMS constructs as a measure of osteoconduction depended on minimal constriction as it limited the maximum apparent pore diameter in these scaffolds to 1.53 mm. Osteoconduction decreased significantly at a diameter of 1.76 mm. The most suitable ADMS microarchitecture was as osteoconductive as a highly osteoconductive orthogonal lattice microarchitecture in noncritical- and critical-size calvarial defects. However, the compression strength and microarchitectural integrity in vivo were significantly higher for scaffolds with their microarchitecture based on the ADMS algorithm when compared with high-connectivity lattice microarchitectures. Therefore, bone substitutes with high osteoconductivity can be designed with the advantages of the ADMS-based microarchitectures. As TPMS and ADMS microarchitectures are true lightweight structures optimized for high mechanical stability with a minimal amount of material, such microarchitectures appear most suitable for bone substitutes used in clinical settings to treat bone defects in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Maevskaia
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nupur Khera
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chafik Ghayor
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Indranil Bhattacharya
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julien Guerrero
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Nicholls
- Central Biological Laboratory, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Mutlu Özcan
- Center of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Malgaroli
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics IM2, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Seiler
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics IM2, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Michael de Wild
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics IM2, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Franz E. Weber
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- CABMM, Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Sparks DS, Wiper J, Lloyd T, Wille ML, Sehu M, Savi FM, Ward N, Hutmacher DW, Wagels M. Protocol for the BONE-RECON trial: a single-arm feasibility trial for critical sized lower limb BONE defect RECONstruction using the mPCL-TCP scaffold system with autologous vascularised corticoperiosteal tissue transfer. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e056440. [PMID: 37137563 PMCID: PMC10163528 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reconstruction of critical bone defects is challenging. In a substantial subgroup of patients, conventional reconstructive techniques are insufficient. Biodegradable scaffolds have emerged as a novel tissue engineering strategy for critical-sized bone defect reconstruction. A corticoperiosteal flap integrates the hosts' ability to regenerate bone and permits the creation of a vascular axis for scaffold neo-vascularisation (regenerative matching axial vascularisation-RMAV). This phase IIa study evaluates the application of the RMAV approach alongside a custom medical-grade polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate (mPCL-TCP) scaffold (Osteopore) to regenerate bone sufficient to heal critical size defects in lower limb defects. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This open-label, single-arm feasibility trial will be jointly coordinated by the Complex Lower Limb Clinic (CLLC) at the Princess Alexandra Hospital in Woolloongabba (Queensland, Australia), the Australian Centre for Complex Integrated Surgical Solutions (Queensland, Australia) and the Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology in Kelvin Grove (Queensland, Australia). Aiming for limb salvage, the study population (n=10) includes any patient referred to the CLLC with a critical-sized bone defect not amenable to conventional reconstructive approaches, after discussion by the interdisciplinary team. All patients will receive treatment using the RMAV approach using a custom mPCL-TCP implant. The primary study endpoint will be safety and tolerability of the reconstruction. Secondary end points include time to bone union and weight-bearing status on the treated limb. Results of this trial will help shape the role of scaffold-guided bone regenerative approaches in complex lower limb reconstruction where current options remain limited. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approval was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee at the participating centre. Results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12620001007921.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Sparks
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland PA Southside Clinical School, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jay Wiper
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Lloyd
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marie-Luise Wille
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering | Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marjoree Sehu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Flavia M Savi
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering | Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Ward
- Department of Orthopaedics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- ARC Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling and Manufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering | Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Siences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Wagels
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Centre for Complex Integrated Surgical Solutions (ACCISS), Translational Research Institute Australia Ghrelin Research Group, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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6
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Needleless electrospinning of poly (Ɛ-caprolactone) nanofibers deposited on gelatin film for controlled release of Ibuprofen. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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7
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Contact osteogenesis by biodegradable 3D-printed poly(lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate). Biomater Res 2022; 26:55. [PMID: 36217173 PMCID: PMC9552430 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To support bone regeneration, 3D-printed templates function as temporary guides. The preferred materials are synthetic polymers, due to their ease of processing and biological inertness. Poly(lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate) (PLATMC) has good biological compatibility and currently used in soft tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteoconductivity of 3D-printed PLATMC templates for bone tissue engineering, in comparison with the widely used 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) templates. Methods The printability and physical properties of 3D-printed templates were assessed, including wettability, tensile properties and the degradation profile. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were used to evaluate osteoconductivity and extracellular matrix secretion in vitro. In addition, 3D-printed templates were implanted in subcutaneous and calvarial bone defect models in rabbits. Results Compared to PCL, PLATMC exhibited greater wettability, strength, degradation, and promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, with superior osteoconductivity. However, the higher ALP activity disclosed by PCL group at 7 and 21 days did not dictate better osteoconductivity. This was confirmed in vivo in the calvarial defect model, where PCL disclosed distant osteogenesis, while PLATMC disclosed greater areas of new bone and obvious contact osteogenesis on surface. Conclusions This study shows for the first time the contact osteogenesis formed on a degradable synthetic co-polymer. 3D-printed PLATMC templates disclosed unique contact osteogenesis and significant higher amount of new bone regeneration, thus could be used to advantage in bone tissue engineering. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40824-022-00299-x.
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Liu K, Yan L, Li R, Song Z, Ding J, Liu B, Chen X. 3D Printed Personalized Nerve Guide Conduits for Precision Repair of Peripheral Nerve Defects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103875. [PMID: 35182046 PMCID: PMC9036027 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of peripheral nerve defects has always been one of the most challenging clinical practices in neurosurgery. Currently, nerve autograft is the preferred treatment modality for peripheral nerve defects, while the therapy is constantly plagued by the limited donor, loss of donor function, formation of neuroma, nerve distortion or dislocation, and nerve diameter mismatch. To address these clinical issues, the emerged nerve guide conduits (NGCs) are expected to offer effective platforms to repair peripheral nerve defects, especially those with large or complex topological structures. Up to now, numerous technologies are developed for preparing diverse NGCs, such as solvent casting, gas foaming, phase separation, freeze-drying, melt molding, electrospinning, and three-dimensional (3D) printing. 3D printing shows great potential and advantages because it can quickly and accurately manufacture the required NGCs from various natural and synthetic materials. This review introduces the application of personalized 3D printed NGCs for the precision repair of peripheral nerve defects and predicts their future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Lesan Yan
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology122 Luoshi RoadWuhan430070P. R. China
| | - Ruotao Li
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Song
- Department of Sports MedicineThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryThe First Hospital of Jilin University1 Xinmin StreetChangchun130061P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
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Ghayor C, Bhattacharya I, Guerrero J, Özcan M, Weber FE. 3D-Printed HA-Based Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Microporosity, Osteoconduction and Osteoclastic Resorption. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041433. [PMID: 35207973 PMCID: PMC8875550 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing enables the realization of the macro- and microarchitecture of bone substitutes. The macroarchitecture is determined by the bone defect and its shape makes the implant patient specific. The preset distribution of the 3D-printed material in the macroarchitecture defines the microarchitecture. At the lower scale, the nanoarchitecture of 3D-printed scaffolds is dependent on the post-processing methodology such as the sintering temperature. However, the role of microarchitecture and nanoarchitecture of scaffolds for osteoconduction is still elusive. To address these aspects in more detail, we produced lithography-based osteoconductive scaffolds from hydroxyapatite (HA) of identical macro- and microarchitecture and varied their nanoarchitecture, such as microporosity, by increasing the maximum sintering temperatures from 1100 to 1400 °C. The different scaffold types were characterized for microporosity, compression strength, and nanoarchitecture. The in vivo results, based on a rabbit calvarial defect model showed that bony ingrowth, as a measure of osteoconduction, was independent from scaffold’s microporosity. The same applies to in vitro osteoclastic resorbability, since on all tested scaffold types, osteoclasts formed on their surfaces and resorption pits upon exposure to mature osteoclasts were visible. Thus, for wide-open porous HA-based scaffolds, a low degree of microporosity and high mechanical strength yield optimal osteoconduction and creeping substitution. Based on our study, non-unions, the major complication during demanding bone regeneration procedures, could be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chafik Ghayor
- Center of Dental Medicine, Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (C.G.); (I.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Indranil Bhattacharya
- Center of Dental Medicine, Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (C.G.); (I.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Julien Guerrero
- Center of Dental Medicine, Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (C.G.); (I.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Center of Dental Medicine, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Franz E. Weber
- Center of Dental Medicine, Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (C.G.); (I.B.); (J.G.)
- CABMM, Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-3140
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10
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Wang F, Tankus EB, Santarella F, Rohr N, Sharma N, Märtin S, Michalscheck M, Maintz M, Cao S, Thieringer FM. Fabrication and Characterization of PCL/HA Filament as a 3D Printing Material Using Thermal Extrusion Technology for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040669. [PMID: 35215595 PMCID: PMC8879030 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common three-dimensional (3D) printing method is material extrusion, where a pre-made filament is deposited layer-by-layer. In recent years, low-cost polycaprolactone (PCL) material has increasingly been used in 3D printing, exhibiting a sufficiently high quality for consideration in cranio-maxillofacial reconstructions. To increase osteoconductivity, prefabricated filaments for bone repair based on PCL can be supplemented with hydroxyapatite (HA). However, few reports on PCL/HA composite filaments for material extrusion applications have been documented. In this study, solvent-free fabrication for PCL/HA composite filaments (HA 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% weight/weight PCL) was addressed, and parameters for scaffold fabrication in a desktop 3D printer were confirmed. Filaments and scaffold fabrication temperatures rose with increased HA content. The pore size and porosity of the six groups’ scaffolds were similar to each other, and all had highly interconnected structures. Six groups’ scaffolds were evaluated by measuring the compressive strength, elastic modulus, water contact angle, and morphology. A higher amount of HA increased surface roughness and hydrophilicity compared to PCL scaffolds. The increase in HA content improved the compressive strength and elastic modulus. The obtained data provide the basis for the biological evaluation and future clinical applications of PCL/HA material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengze Wang
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Esma Bahar Tankus
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santarella
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Rohr
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Neha Sharma
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Märtin
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Research, University Center of Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Mirja Michalscheck
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Maintz
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Shuaishuai Cao
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (F.M.T.)
| | - Florian M. Thieringer
- MIRACLE Smart Implants Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (F.W.); (E.B.T.); (F.S.); (N.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (F.M.T.)
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11
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Hu J, Ai B, Zhu S, Wang Z, Xia H, Jia W. Electrospun PLGA and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds for tubularized urethral replacement: Studies in vitro and in vivo. J Biomater Appl 2022; 36:956-964. [PMID: 34254864 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211030904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the biocompatibility of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds and their suitability for tubular urethral replacement in a canine model. PLGA and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds was constructed by electrospinning. Microstructural differences between the scaffolds was examined by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) followed by mechanical properties testing. Biocompatibility of the material was evaluated using SEM 4, 8, 12 and 72 h after PLGA and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds co-culture with urothelial cells. And confocal analysis was also used to showed the cell adhesive and growth at 12 h. Approximately 2 cm of the anterior urethra of twelve dogs were removed and replaced with a scaffold. After the surgery for 1 month performed urethrography and for 3 month perform hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson. The results indicated that PLGA and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds had a void microfilament structure, similar to that of normal acellular matrix tissue. And the tensile strength was decreased whereas the tensile deformation and suture retention strength was increased in PLGA/gelatin scaffolds compared to that in PLGA scaffolds Urothelial cells grew well on both scaffolds. Postoperatively, animals recovered well and urinated spontaneously. However, urethrography showed varying degrees of urethral strictures in the reconstructed urethras. H&E and Masson showed that multilayer urothelial cells were formed in both the proximal and distal segments of the reconstructed urethras but without continuity. There was a small amount of smooth muscle and blood vessels under the epithelium, but regenerative urothelial cells at the midpoint of the reconstructed segment did not continue. Lots of lymphocyte infiltration was observed under the epithelium, some collagen tissue was deposited under the neo-urethral epithelium were observed. In conclusion, PLGA and PLGA/gelatin scaffolds are not suitable for tubularized urethral replacement in the canine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Hu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Ai
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Advanced Strategies for Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine: A Biofabrication and Biopolymer Perspective. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092518. [PMID: 33925886 PMCID: PMC8123515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is known to encompass multiple aspects of science, medicine and engineering. The development of systems which are able to promote the growth of new cells and tissue components are vital in the treatment of severe tissue injury and damage. This can be done through a variety of different biofabrication strategies including the use of hydrogels, 3D bioprinted scaffolds and nanotechnology. The incorporation of stem cells into these systems and the advantage of this is also discussed. Biopolymers, those which have a natural original, have been particularly advantageous in tissue engineering systems as they are often found within the extracellular matrix of the human body. The utilization of biopolymers has become increasing popular as they are biocompatible, biodegradable and do not illicit an immune response when placed into the body. Tissue engineering systems for use with the eye are also discussed. This is of particular interest as the eye is known as an immune privileged site resulting in an extremely limited ability for natural cell regeneration.
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13
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Charbonnier B, Hadida M, Marchat D. Additive manufacturing pertaining to bone: Hopes, reality and future challenges for clinical applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:1-28. [PMID: 33271354 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For the past 20 years, the democratization of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has made many of us dream of: low cost, waste-free, and on-demand production of functional parts; fully customized tools; designs limited by imagination only, etc. As every patient is unique, the potential of AM for the medical field is thought to be considerable: AM would allow the division of dedicated patient-specific healthcare solutions entirely adapted to the patients' clinical needs. Pertinently, this review offers an extensive overview of bone-related clinical applications of AM and ongoing research trends, from 3D anatomical models for patient and student education to ephemeral structures supporting and promoting bone regeneration. Today, AM has undoubtably improved patient care and should facilitate many more improvements in the near future. However, despite extensive research, AM-based strategies for bone regeneration remain the only bone-related field without compelling clinical proof of concept to date. This may be due to a lack of understanding of the biological mechanisms guiding and promoting bone formation and due to the traditional top-down strategies devised to solve clinical issues. Indeed, the integrated holistic approach recommended for the design of regenerative systems (i.e., fixation systems and scaffolds) has remained at the conceptual state. Challenged by these issues, a slower but incremental research dynamic has occurred for the last few years, and recent progress suggests notable improvement in the years to come, with in view the development of safe, robust and standardized patient-specific clinical solutions for the regeneration of large bone defects.
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14
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Zhang G, Zhao P, Lin L, Qin L, Huan Z, Leeflang S, Zadpoor AA, Zhou J, Wu L. Surface-treated 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds with enhanced bone regeneration performance: an in vivo study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 33553332 PMCID: PMC7859759 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Given their highly adjustable and predictable properties, three-dimensional(3D) printed geometrically ordered porous biomaterials offer unique opportunities as orthopedic implants. The performance of such biomaterials is, however, as much a result of the surface properties of the struts as it is of the 3D porous structure. In our previous study, we have investigated the in vitro performances of selective laser melted (SLM) Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds which are surface modified by the bioactive glass (BG) and mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG), respectively. The results demonstrated that such modification enhanced the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). Here, we take the next step by assessing the therapeutic potential of 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds with BG and MBG surface modifications for bone regeneration in a rabbit bone defect model. Methods 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds with BG and MBG surface modifications were implanted into the femoral condyle of the rabbits, the Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds without surface modification were used as the control. At week 3, 6, and 9 after the implantation, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging, fluorescence double-labeling to determine the mineral apposition rate (MAR), and histological analysis of non-decalcified sections were performed. Results We found significantly higher volumes of regenerated bone, significantly higher values of the relevant bone morphometric parameters, clear signs of bone matrix apposition and maturation, and the evidence of progressed angiogenesis and blood vessel formation in the groups where the bioactive glass was added as a coating, particularly the MGB group. Conclusions The MBG coating resulted in enhanced osteoconduction and vascularization in bone defect healing, which was attributed to the release of silicon and calcium ions and the presence of a nano-mesoporous structure on the surface of the MBG specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- The First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Limei Qin
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiguang Huan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sander Leeflang
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Mukherjee S, Agarwal M, Bakshi A, Sawant S, Thomas L, Fujii N, Nair P, Kode J. Chemokine SDF1 Mediated Bone Regeneration Using Biodegradable Poly(D,L-lactide- co-glycolide) 3D Scaffolds and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Implication for the Development of an "Off-the-Shelf" Pharmacologically Active Construct. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4888-4903. [PMID: 33136384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing need for bone substitutes for reconstructive orthopedic surgery following removal of bone tumors. Despite the advances in bone regeneration, the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) presents a significant challenge, particularly for the treatment of large bone defects in cancer patients. This study aims at developing new chemokine-based technology to generate biodegradable scaffolds that bind pharmacologically active proteins for regeneration/repair of target injured tissues in patients. Primary MSC were cultured from the uninvolved bone marrow (BM) of cancer patients and further characterized for "stemness". Their ability to differentiate into an osteogenic lineage was studied in 2D cultures as well as on 3D macroporous PLGA scaffolds incorporated with biomacromolecules bFGF and homing factor chemokine stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF1). MSC from the uninvolved BM of cancer patients exhibited properties similar to that reported for MSC from BM of healthy individuals. Macroporous PLGA discs were prepared and characterized for pore size, architecture, functional groups, thermostability, and cytocompatibility by ESEM, FTIR, DSC, and CCK-8 dye proliferation assay, respectively. It was observed that the MSC+PLGA+bFGF+SDF1 construct cultured for 14 days supported significant cell growth, osteo-lineage differentiation with increased osteocalcin expression, alkaline phosphatase secretion, calcium mineralization, bone volume, and soluble IL6 compared to unseeded PLGA and PLGA+MSC, as analyzed by confocal microscopy, biochemistry, ESEM, microCT imaging, flow cytometry, and EDS. Thus, chemotactic biomacromolecule SDF1-guided tissue repair/regeneration ability of MSC from cancer patients opens up the avenues for development of "off-the-shelf" pharmacologically active construct for optimal repair of the target injured tissue in postsurgery cancer patients, bone defects, damaged bladder tissue, and radiation-induced skin/mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayanti Mukherjee
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton VIC Australia 3168
| | - Manish Agarwal
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, TMC, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Bakshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Hiranandani Hospital, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sharada Sawant
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Lynda Thomas
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Poojappura, Trivandrum, India
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Prabha Nair
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Poojappura, Trivandrum, India
| | - Jyoti Kode
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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16
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Später T, Ampofo E, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Combining Vascularization Strategies in Tissue Engineering: The Faster Road to Success? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:592095. [PMID: 33364230 PMCID: PMC7752995 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.592095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Später
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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17
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Microporosities in 3D-Printed Tricalcium-Phosphate-Based Bone Substitutes Enhance Osteoconduction and Affect Osteoclastic Resorption. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239270. [PMID: 33291724 PMCID: PMC7731226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing is a key technology required to realize the production of a personalized bone substitute that exactly meets a patient’s need and fills a patient-specific bone defect. Additive manufacturing can optimize the inner architecture of the scaffold for osteoconduction, allowing fast and reliable defect bridging by promoting rapid growth of new bone tissue into the scaffold. The role of scaffold microporosity/nanoarchitecture in osteoconduction remains elusive. To elucidate this relationship, we produced lithography-based osteoconductive scaffolds from tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with identical macro- and microarchitecture, but varied their nanoarchitecture/microporosity by ranging maximum sintering temperatures from 1000 °C to 1200 °C. After characterization of the different scaffolds’ microporosity, compression strength, and nanoarchitecture, we performed in vivo studies that showed that ingrowth of bone as an indicator of osteoconduction significantly decreased with decreasing microporosity. Moreover, at the 1200 °C peak sinter temperature and lowest microporosity, osteoclastic degradation of the material was inhibited. Thus, even for wide-open porous TCP-based scaffolds, a high degree of microporosity appears to be essential for optimal osteoconduction and creeping substitution, which can prevent non-unions, the major complication during bone regeneration procedures.
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18
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Sarigil O, Anil-Inevi M, Firatligil-Yildirir B, Unal YC, Yalcin-Ozuysal O, Mese G, Tekin HC, Ozcivici E. Scaffold-free biofabrication of adipocyte structures with magnetic levitation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:1127-1140. [PMID: 33205833 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering research aims to repair the form and/or function of impaired tissues. Tissue engineering studies mostly rely on scaffold-based techniques. However, these techniques have certain challenges, such as the selection of proper scaffold material, including mechanical properties, sterilization, and fabrication processes. As an alternative, we propose a novel scaffold-free adipose tissue biofabrication technique based on magnetic levitation. In this study, a label-free magnetic levitation technique was used to form three-dimensional (3D) scaffold-free adipocyte structures with various fabrication strategies in a microcapillary-based setup. Adipogenic-differentiated 7F2 cells and growth D1 ORL UVA stem cells were used as model cells. The morphological properties of the 3D structures of single and cocultured cells were analyzed. The developed procedure leads to the formation of different patterns of single and cocultured adipocytes without a scaffold. Our results indicated that adipocytes formed loose structures while growth cells were tightly packed during 3D culture in the magnetic levitation platform. This system has potential for ex vivo modeling of adipose tissue for drug testing and transplantation applications for cell therapy in soft tissue damage. Also, it will be possible to extend this technique to other cell and tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyku Sarigil
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muge Anil-Inevi
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Yagmur Ceren Unal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Mese
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - H Cumhur Tekin
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Engin Ozcivici
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
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19
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Beccia E, Carbone A, Cecchino LR, Pedicillo MC, Annacontini L, Lembo F, Di Gioia S, Parisi D, Angiolillo A, Pannone G, Portincasa A, Conese M. Adipose Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma Induce Vascular-Like Structures in a Dermal Regeneration Template. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 27:631-641. [PMID: 32907520 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of biointeractive dressings used for enhancing wound healing, the use of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) hereof derived has not been fully exploited yet. Noncultured SVF, a heterogeneous mesenchymal population of cells, is attractive in the field of dermal regeneration because it can be instantaneously obtained, avoids genomic alterations, and is comparatively safer than cultured ASCs. Integra® Dermal Regeneration Template (DRT) was sprinkled with ASCs in complete medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), or SVF, obtained from emulsified or nonemulsified fat, in medium supplemented with 2% platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The presence and differentiation of cells were evaluated by standard histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, whereas conditioned media were analyzed for vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) by ELISA. In vitro experiments were conducted to analyze ASC proliferation in the presence of either FBS or PRP. Deposition of ASCs in medium supplemented with FBS caused their integration into Integra DRT as early as 1 h. ASCs were found as aggregates until 6-10 days without forming organized structures. When seeded onto Integra DRT, SVF cells in medium supplemented with PRP formed aggregates at early times, which at 7 and 10 days organized into vascular-like structures, lined by CD31+ and smooth muscle actin-positive cells. With nonemulsified fat, the lacunar structures did not show an organized distribution of SVF cells. PRP induced ASC proliferation although at lower level than FBS. VEGF secretion was enhanced when fat emulsification was introduced into the protocol. In conclusion, the combination of SVF cells obtained from emulsified fat, PRP, and Integra DRT exhibit synergistic effect on the formation of vessel-like structures indicating a step forward aimed at regenerative surgery for chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Beccia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio," University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza," San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Luigi Annacontini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Fedele Lembo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenico Parisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonella Angiolillo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio," University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Aurelio Portincasa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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20
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Zhang B, Guo L, Chen H, Ventikos Y, Narayan RJ, Huang J. Finite element evaluations of the mechanical properties of polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite scaffolds by direct ink writing: Effects of pore geometry. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Huebner P, Warren PB, Chester D, Spang JT, Brown AC, Fisher MB, Shirwaiker RA. Mechanical properties of tissue formed in vivo are affected by 3D-bioplotted scaffold microarchitecture and correlate with ECM collagen fiber alignment. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:190-204. [PMID: 31345062 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1624733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Musculoskeletal soft tissues possess highly aligned extracellular collagenous networks that provide structure and strength. Such an organization dictates tissue-specific mechanical properties but can be difficult to replicate by engineered biological substitutes. Nanofibrous electrospun scaffolds have demonstrated the ability to control cell-secreted collagen alignment, but concerns exist regarding their scalability for larger and anatomically relevant applications. Additive manufacturing processes, such as melt extrusion-based 3D-Bioplotting, allow fabrication of structurally relevant scaffolds featuring highly controllable porous microarchitectures.Materials and Methods: In this study, we investigate the effects of 3D-bioplotted scaffold design on the compressive elastic modulus of neotissue formed in vivo in a subcutaneous rat model and its correlation with the alignment of ECM collagen fibers. Polycaprolactone scaffolds featuring either 100 or 400 µm interstrand spacing were implanted for 4 or 12 weeks, harvested, cryosectioned, and characterized using atomic-force-microscopy-based force mapping.Results: The compressive elastic modulus of the neotissue formed within the 100 µm design was significantly higher at 4 weeks (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed at 12 weeks. In general, the tissue stiffness was within the same order of magnitude and range of values measured in native musculoskeletal soft tissues including the porcine meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament. Finally, a significant positive correlation was noted between tissue stiffness and the degree of ECM collagen fiber alignment (p < 0.05) resulting from contact guidance provided by scaffold strands.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the significant effects of 3D-bioplotted scaffold microarchitectures in the organization and sub-tissue-level mechanical properties of ECM in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Huebner
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paul B Warren
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Chester
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Matthew B Fisher
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
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22
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The Role of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Dermal Regenerative Templates, and Platelet-Rich Plasma in Tissue Engineering-Based Treatments of Chronic Skin Wounds. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7056261. [PMID: 32399048 PMCID: PMC7199611 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7056261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous improvements in the field of both regenerative medicine and tissue engineering have allowed the design of new and more efficacious strategies for the treatment of chronic or hard-to-heal skin wounds, which represent heavy burden, from a medical and economic point of view. These novel approaches are based on the usage of three key methodologies: stem cells, growth factors, and biomimetic scaffolds. These days, the adipose tissue can be considered the main source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, especially adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). ASCs are easily accessible from various fat depots and show an intrinsic plasticity in giving rise to cell types involved in wound healing and angiogenesis. ASCs can be found in fat grafts, historically used in the treatment of chronic wounds, and have been evaluated as such in both animal models and human trials, to exploit their capability of accelerating wound closure and inducing a correct remodeling of the newly formed fibrovascular tissue. Since survival and fitness of ASCs need to be improved, they are now employed in conjunction with advanced wound dressings, together with dermal regenerative templates and platelet-rich plasma (as a source of growth and healing factors). In this work, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the topic, based on existing studies and on our own experience.
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Bartold M, Gronthos S, Haynes D, Ivanovski S. Mesenchymal stem cells and biologic factors leading to bone formation. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46 Suppl 21:12-32. [PMID: 30624807 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological bone formation and bone regeneration occurring during bone repair can be considered distinct but similar processes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and associated biologic factors are crucial to both bone formation and bone regeneration. AIM To perform a narrative review of the current literature regarding the role of MSC and biologic factors in bone formation with the aim of discussing the clinical relevance of in vitro and in vivo animal studies. METHODS The literature was searched for studies on MSC and biologic factors associated with the formation of bone in the mandible and maxilla. The search specifically targeted studies on key aspects of how stem cells and biologic factors are important in bone formation and how this might be relevant to bone regeneration. The results are summarized in a narrative review format. RESULTS Different types of MSC and many biologic factors are associated with bone formation in the maxilla and mandible. CONCLUSION Bone formation and regeneration involve very complex and highly regulated cellular and molecular processes. By studying these processes, new clinical opportunities will arise for therapeutic bone regenerative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bartold
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Haynes
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Saso Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Mironov AV, Mironova OA, Syachina MA, Popov VK. 3D printing of polylactic-co-glycolic acid fiber scaffolds using an antisolvent phase separation process. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Weber FE. Reconsidering Osteoconduction in the Era of Additive Manufacturing. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 25:375-386. [PMID: 30997857 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone regeneration procedures in clinics and bone tissue engineering stand on three pillars: osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and stem cells. In the last two decades, the focus in this field has been on osteoinduction, which is realized by the use of bone morphogenetic proteins and the application of mesenchymal stem cells to treat bone defects. However, osteoconduction was reduced to a surface phenomenon because the supposedly ideal pore size of osteoconductive scaffolds was identified in the 1990s as 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter, forcing bone formation to occur predominantly on the surface. Meanwhile, additive manufacturing has evolved as a new tool to realize designed microarchitectures in bone substitutes, thereby enabling us to study osteoconduction as a true three-dimensional phenomenon. Moreover, by additive manufacturing, wide-open porous scaffolds can be produced in which bone formation occurs distant to the surface at a superior bony defect-bridging rate enabled by highly osteoconductive pores 1.2 mm in diameter. This review provides a historical overview and an updated definition of osteoconduction and related terms. In addition, it shows how additive manufacturing can be instrumental in studying and optimizing osteoconduction of bone substitutes, and provides novel optimized features and boundaries of osteoconductive microarchitectures. Impact Statement This review updates the definition of osteoconduction and draws clear lines to discriminate between osteoconduction, osseointegration, and osteoinduction. Moreover, additively manufactured libraries of scaffolds revealed that: osteoconduction is more a three-dimensional than a surface phenomenon; microarchitecture dictates defect bridging, which is the measure for osteoconduction; pore diameter or the diagonal of lattice microarchitectures of osteoconductive bone substitutes should be ∼1.2 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz E Weber
- Oral Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobat Tayebi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
- Department of Developmental SciencesMarquette University School of Dentistry Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
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Hassan MN, Yassin MA, Suliman S, Lie SA, Gjengedal H, Mustafa K. The bone regeneration capacity of 3D-printed templates in calvarial defect models: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Biomater 2019; 91:1-23. [PMID: 30980937 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
3D-printed templates are being used for bone tissue regeneration (BTR) as temporary guides. In the current review, we analyze the factors considered in producing potentially bioresorbable/degradable 3D-printed templates and their influence on BTR in calvarial bone defect (CBD) animal models. In addition, a meta-analysis was done to compare the achieved BTR for each type of template material (polymer, ceramic or composites). Database collection was completed by January 2018, and the inclusion criteria were all titles and keywords combining 3D printing and BTR in CBD models. Clinical trials and poorly-documented in vivo studies were excluded from this study. A total of 45 relevant studies were finally included and reviewed, and an additional check list was followed before inclusion in the meta-analysis, where material type, porosity %, and the regenerated bone area were collected and analyzed statistically. Overall, the capacity of the printed templates to support BTR was found to depend in large part on the amount of available space (porosity %) provided by the printed templates. Printed ceramic and composite templates showed the best BTR capacity, and the optimum printed template structure was found to have total porosity >50% with a pore diameter between 300 and 400 µm. Additional features and engineered macro-channels within the printed templates increased BTR capacity at long time points (12 weeks). Although the size of bone defects in rabbits was larger than in rats, BTR was greater in rabbits (almost double) at all time points and for all materials used. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In the present study, we reviewed the factors considered in producing degradable 3D-printed templates and their influence on bone tissue regeneration (BTR) in calvarial bone defects through the last 15 years. A meta-analysis was applied on the collected data to quantify and analyze BTR related to each type of template material. The concluded data states the importance of 3D-printed templates for BTR and indicates the ideal design required for an effective clinical translation. The evidence-based guidelines for the best BTR capacity endorse the use of printed composite and ceramic templates with total porosity >50%, pore diameter between 300 and 400 µm, and added engineered macro-channels within the printed templates.
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Cheng A, Schwartz Z, Kahn A, Li X, Shao Z, Sun M, Ao Y, Boyan BD, Chen H. Advances in Porous Scaffold Design for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2019; 25:14-29. [PMID: 30079807 PMCID: PMC6388715 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Challenges in musculoskeletal tissue regeneration affect millions of patients globally. Scaffolds for tissue engineering bone and cartilage provide promising solutions that increase healing and decrease need for complicated surgical procedures. Porous scaffolds have emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional scaffolds. However, the success of advanced materials, use of biological factors, and manufacturing techniques can vary depending on use case. This review provides perspective on porous scaffold manufacturing, characterization and application, and can be used to inform future scaffold design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Periodontology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Adrian Kahn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Xiyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhenxing Shao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Barbara D. Boyan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Janarthanan G, Kim IG, Chung EJ, Noh I. Comparative studies on thin polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds and its interaction with mesenchymal stem cells. Biomater Res 2019; 23:1. [PMID: 30788137 PMCID: PMC6318878 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hybrid scaffolds combining biodegradable polymers and ceramic particles for control of cell adhesion and proliferation are interesting materials for tissue engineering applications. Combinations of biodegradable polymers and ceramics are to provide higher beneficial functionalities to tissue engineering scaffolds with addition of different cell specific bio-factors. Many such hybrid combinations have been reported by several researchers around the world by using various methods and solvents as well as bioactive matrix polymers to fabricate such biomaterials. However, thin hybrid scaffolds with high porosity, cell adhesion factors and biodegradability, as well as the ability to support stem cells often require tedious processes like electrospinning, freeze drying, etc. A simple method to develop porous biodegradable hybrid scaffolds with proper cell adhesion factors is still the need of the hour in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Method Thin biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) based hybrid scaffolds were developed in combination with α-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles, gelatin and fibronectin separately and the fabricated scaffolds were evaluated systematically using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for tissue engineering applications. A simple modified solvent casting method combined with gas foaming process was used to develop porous thin hybrid structures and compared their properties with those of corresponding non-porous hybrid scaffolds. The TCP particles distribution, morphology, biodegradability and functional groups of the different hybrid scaffolds were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), light microscopy/scanning electron microscopy (SEM), buffer solutions and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively The cellular and tissue regeneration behaviors such as in vitro cell attachment (live/dead assay), cell proliferation (CCK-8 assay) and histological studies were performed using hMSCs. Results Thin PCL-based hybrid scaffolds were fabricated using modified solvent casting method. Homogeneous distribution of TCP particles in the scaffolds were confirmed by EDX. Cellular interactions of the hybrid scaffolds demonstrated overall higher cell adhesion, proliferation and tissue regeneration on the non-porous thin films of PCL-TCP, PCL-TCP-gelatin and PCL-TCP-fibronectin. Coating of fibronectin was remarkable in induction of cell adhesion and proliferation. Conclusions The experimental results revealed that diversely designed PCL-TCP thin hybrid films showed high cell interaction and proliferation with hMSCs. From the results of the cell viability, attachment, proliferation and histological analyses as well as their biodegradation and coating effects, we conclude that these thin PCL-TCP hybrid films are suitable for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinathan Janarthanan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea.,2Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
| | - In Gul Kim
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea.,2Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
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Kargozar S, Baino F, Hoseini SJ, Hamzehlou S, Darroudi M, Verdi J, Hasanzadeh L, Kim HW, Mozafari M. Biomedical applications of nanoceria: new roles for an old player. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:3051-3069. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of different biomaterials with the ability to accelerate the repair and regeneration processes is of great importance in tissue engineering strategies. On this point, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs or nanoceria) have recently attracted much attention due to their excellent biological properties including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and antibacterial activities as well as high angiogenic potential. The results of incorporation of these nano-sized particles into various constructs and scaffolds designed for tissue engineering applications have proven the success of this strategy in terms of improving healing process of different tissues. In this review, we first summarize the physicochemical and biological properties of nanoceria in brief and then present its usability in tissue engineering strategies based on the currently available published reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics & Engineering, Department of Applied Science & Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Genetics Network (MeGeNe), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Verdi
- Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Department, Materials & Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Später T, Frueh FS, Nickels RM, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Prevascularization of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds: stromal vascular fraction versus adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:24. [PMID: 30473729 PMCID: PMC6234670 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The seeding of scaffolds with the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue is a common prevascularization strategy in tissue engineering. Alternatively, adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (ad-MVF) may serve as vascularization units. In contrast to SVF single cells, they represent a mixture of intact arteriolar, capillary and venular vessel segments. Therefore, we herein hypothesized that the ad-MVF-based prevascularization of scaffolds is superior to the conventional SVF single cells-based approach. Results SVF single cells and ad-MVF were enzymatically isolated from epididymal fat pads of green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ donor mice to assess their viability and cellular composition using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Moreover, collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices (Integra®) were seeded with identical amounts of the isolates and implanted into full-thickness skin defects within dorsal skinfold chambers of GFP− recipient mice for the intravital fluorescent microscopic, histological and immunohistochemical analysis of implant vascularization and incorporation throughout an observation period of 2 weeks. Non-seeded matrices served as controls. While both isolates contained a comparable fraction of endothelial cells, perivascular cells, adipocytes and stem cells, ad-MVF exhibited a significantly higher viability. After in vivo implantation, the vascularization of ad-MVF-seeded scaffolds was improved when compared to SVF-seeded ones, as indicated by a significantly higher functional microvessel density. This was associated with an enhanced cellular infiltration, collagen content and density of CD31+/GFP+ microvessels particularly in the center of the implants, demonstrating a better incorporation into the surrounding host tissue. In contrast, non-seeded matrices exhibited a poor vascularization, incorporation and epithelialization over time. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that ad-MVF are highly potent vascularization units that markedly accelerate and improve scaffold vascularization when compared to the SVF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13036-018-0118-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Später
- 1Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Florian S Frueh
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth M Nickels
- 1Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- 1Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- 1Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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3D printed Polycaprolactone scaffolds with dual macro-microporosity for applications in local delivery of antibiotics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 87:78-89. [PMID: 29549952 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced scaffolds used in tissue regenerating applications should be designed to address clinically relevant complications such as surgical site infection associated with surgical procedures. Recognizing that patient-specific scaffolds with local drug delivery capabilities are a promising approach, we combined 3D printing with traditional salt-leaching techniques to prepare a new type of scaffold with purposely designed macro- and micro-porosity. The dual macro/micro porous scaffolds of medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) were characterized for their porosity, surface area, mechanical properties and degradation. The use of these scaffolds for local prophylactic release of Cefazolin to inhibit S. aureus growth was investigated as an example of drug delivery with this versatile platform. The introduction of microporosity and increased surface area allowed for loading of the scaffold using a simple drop-loading method of this heat-labile antibiotic and resulted in significant improvement in its release for up to 3 days. The Cefazolin released from scaffolds retained its bioactivity similar to that of fresh Cefazolin. There were no cytotoxic effects in vitro against 3 T3 fibroblasts at Cefazolin concentration of up to 100 μg/ml and no apparent effects on blood clot formation on the scaffolds in vitro. This study therefore presents a novel type of scaffolds with dual macro- and micro-porosity manufactured by a versatile method of 3D printing combined with salt-leaching. These scaffolds could be useful in tissue regeneration applications where it is desirable to prevent complications using local delivery of drugs.
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Quent VMC, Taubenberger AV, Reichert JC, Martine LC, Clements JA, Hutmacher DW, Loessner D. A humanised tissue‐engineered bone model allows species‐specific breast cancer‐related bone metastasis in vivo. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:494-504. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VMC Quent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Martin‐Luther‐Krankenhaus Charité Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - AV Taubenberger
- Biotechnology Center Dresden Technical University of Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - JC Reichert
- Department of Orthopedics and Accident Surgery, Waldkrankenhaus Protestant Hospital Charité Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - LC Martine
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia
| | - JA Clements
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—–Queensland, Translational Research Institute Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - DW Hutmacher
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—–Queensland, Translational Research Institute Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
- Institute for Advanced Study Technische Universität München Garching Germany
| | - D Loessner
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia
- Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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Tissue Engineering in Ophthalmology: Implications for Eyelid Reconstruction. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 33:157-162. [PMID: 27749619 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bioengineering aims to produce functional tissue replacements to repair defects and has been widely investigated over the past few decades. We aimed to review the available literature on the application of tissue engineering in ophthalmology, with a particular focus on ophthalmic plastic surgery and potential applications for eyelid reconstruction. METHODS A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE database using the keywords "bioengineering," "tissue engineering," and "ophthalmology." Articles written in English were included. RESULTS There is a substantial body of work on tissue engineering of the cornea. Other structures in ophthalmology investigated include the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, and orbital bone. We also discuss the potential application of tissue engineering in eyelid reconstruction. CONCLUSION Tissue engineering represents the future of regenerative and reconstructive medicine, with significant potential applications in ophthalmic plastic surgery.
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Cornelsen M, Probst FA, Schwarz C, Burian E, Tröltzsch M, Otto S, Saller MM, Schieker M, Seitz H. Mechanical and biological effects of infiltration with biopolymers on 3D printed tricalciumphosphate scaffolds. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:553-559. [PMID: 28747594 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of infiltrating 3D printed (TCP) scaffolds with different biodegradable polymers on their mechanical and biological properties. 3D printed TCP scaffolds with interconnecting channels measuring 450±50 µm were infiltrated with four different biodegradable copolymers. To determine the average compressive strength, a uniaxial testing system was used. Additionally, scaffolds were seeded with MC3T3 cells and cell viability was assessed by live/dead-assay. Uninfiltrated TCP had an average compression strength of 1.92±0.38 MPa. Mechanical stability was considerably increased in all infiltrated scaffolds up to a maximum of 7.36±0.57 MPa. All scaffolds demonstrated high cell survival rates with a maximum of 94±10 % living cells. In conclusion, infiltration of 3D printed tricalcium phosphate scaffolds with biodegradable polymers significantly improved mechanical properties and biological properties were comparable to those of uninfiltrated TCP scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florian Andreas Probst
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | - Christina Schwarz
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | - Egon Burian
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | - Matthias Tröltzsch
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | - Sven Otto
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | | | - Matthias Schieker
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
| | - Hermann Seitz
- Fluid Technology and Microfluidics, University of Rostock
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Zou Q, Fu Q. Tissue engineering for urinary tract reconstruction and repair: Progress and prospect in China. Asian J Urol 2017; 5:57-68. [PMID: 29736367 PMCID: PMC5934513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several urinary tract pathologic conditions, such as strictures, cancer, and obliterations, require reconstructive plastic surgery. Reconstruction of the urinary tract is an intractable task for urologists due to insufficient autologous tissue. Limitations of autologous tissue application prompted urologists to investigate ideal substitutes. Tissue engineering is a new direction in these cases. Advances in tissue engineering over the last 2 decades may offer alternative approaches for the urinary tract reconstruction. The main components of tissue engineering include biomaterials and cells. Biomaterials can be used with or without cultured cells. This paper focuses on cell sources, biomaterials, and existing methods of tissue engineering for urinary tract reconstruction in China. The paper also details challenges and perspectives involved in urinary tract reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Zou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Adel-Khattab D, Giacomini F, Gildenhaar R, Berger G, Gomes C, Linow U, Hardt M, Peleska B, Günster J, Stiller M, Houshmand A, Ghaffar KA, Gamal A, El-Mofty M, Knabe C. Development of a synthetic tissue engineered three-dimensional printed bioceramic-based bone graft with homogenously distributed osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix in vitro. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:44-58. [PMID: 27860335 DOI: 10.1002/term.2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade there have been increasing efforts to develop three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering from bioactive ceramics with 3D printing emerging as a promising technology. The overall objective of the present study was to generate a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft with homogenously distributed osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix in vitro, thereby mimicking the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts and facilitating usage for reconstructing segmental discontinuity defects in vivo. To this end, 3D scaffolds were developed from a silica-containing calcium alkali orthophosphate, using, first, a replica technique - the Schwartzwalder-Somers method - and, second, 3D printing, (i.e. rapid prototyping). The mechanical and physical scaffold properties and their potential to facilitate homogenous colonization by osteogenic cells and extracellular bone matrix formation throughout the porous scaffold architecture were examined. Osteoblastic cells were dynamically cultured for 7 days on both scaffold types with two different concentrations of 1.5 and 3 × 109 cells/l. The amount of cells and bone matrix formed and osteogenic marker expression were evaluated using hard tissue histology, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric analysis. 3D-printed scaffolds (RPS) exhibited more micropores, greater compressive strength and silica release. RPS seeded with 3 × 109 cells/l displayed greatest cell and extracellular matrix formation, mineralization and osteocalcin expression. In conclusion, RPS displayed superior mechanical and biological properties and facilitated generating a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft in vitro, which mimics the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts, by containing homogenously distributed terminally differentiated osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix and therefore is suitable for subsequent in vivo implantation for regenerating segmental discontinuity bone defects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Adel-Khattab
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Francesca Giacomini
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Renate Gildenhaar
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Berger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cynthia Gomes
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Linow
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Hardt
- Imaging Facility, Medical School, Justus Liebig University of Giessen
| | - Barbara Peleska
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Günster
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Stiller
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alireza Houshmand
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Khaled Abdel Ghaffar
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gamal
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mofty
- Department of Oral Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Christine Knabe
- Department of Experimental Orofacial Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Zaky SH, Lee KW, Gao J, Jensen A, Verdelis K, Wang Y, Almarza AJ, Sfeir C. Poly (glycerol sebacate) elastomer supports bone regeneration by its mechanical properties being closer to osteoid tissue rather than to mature bone. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:95-106. [PMID: 28110067 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical load influences bone structure and mass. Arguing the importance of load-transduction, we investigated the mechanisms inducing bone formation using an elastomeric substrate. We characterized Poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) in vitro for its mechanical properties, compatibility with osteoprogenitor cells regarding adhesion, proliferation, differentiation under compression versus static cultures and in vivo for the regeneration of a rabbit ulna critical size defect. The load-transducing properties of PGS were compared in vitro to a stiffer poly lactic-co-glycolic-acid (PLA/PGA) scaffold of similar porosity and interconnectivity. Under cyclic compression for 7days, we report focal adhesion kinase overexpression on the less stiff PGS and upregulation of the transcription factor Runx2 and late osteogenic markers osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein (1.7, 4.0 and 10.0 folds increase respectively). Upon implanting PGS in the rabbit ulna defect, histology and micro-computed tomography analysis showed complete gap bridging with new bone by the PGS elastomer by 8weeks while minimal bone formation was seen in empty controls. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the new bone to be primarily regenerated by recruited osteoprogenitors cells expressing periostin protein during early phase of maturation similar to physiological endochondral bone development. This study confirms PGS to be osteoconductive contributing to bone regeneration by recruiting host progenitor/stem cell populations and as a load-transducing substrate, transmits mechanical signals to the populated cells promoting differentiation and matrix maturation toward proper bone remodeling. We hence conclude that the material properties of PGS being closer to osteoid tissue rather than to mineralized bone, allows bone maturation on a substrate mechanically closer to where osteoprogenitor/stem cells differentiate to develop mature load-bearing bone. SIGNIFICANCE OF SIGNIFICANCE The development of effective therapies for bone and craniofacial regeneration is a foremost clinical priority in the mineralized tissue engineering field. Currently at risk are patients seeking treatment for craniofacial diseases, traumas and disorders including birth defects such as cleft lip and palate, (1 in 525 to 714 live births), craniosynostosis (300-500 per 1,000,000 live births), injuries to the head and face (20 million ER visits per year), and devastating head and neck cancers (8000 deaths and over 30,000 new cases per year). In addition, approximately 6.2 million fractures occur annually in the United States, of which 5-10% fail to heal properly, due to delayed or non-union [1], and nearly half of adults aged 45-65 have moderate to advanced periodontitis with associated alveolar bone loss, which, if not reversed, will lead to the loss of approximately 6.5 teeth/individual [2]. The strategies currently available for bone loss treatment largely suffer from limitations in efficacy or feasibility, necessitating further development and material innovation. Contemporary materials systems themselves are indeed limited in their ability to facilitate mechanical stimuli and provide an appropriate microenvironment for the cells they are designed to support. We propose a strategy which aims to leverage biocompatibility, biodegradability and material elasticity in the creation of a cellular niche. Within this niche, cells are mechanically stimulated to produce their own extracellular matrix. The hypothesis that mechanical stimuli will enhance bone regeneration is supported by a wealth of literature showing the effect of mechanical stimuli on bone cell differentiation and matrix formation. Using mechanical stimuli, to our knowledge, has not been explored in vivo in bone tissue engineering applications. We thus propose to use an elastomeric platform, based on poly(glycerol sebacate (PGS), to mimic the natural biochemical environment of bone while enabling the transmission of mechanical forces. In this study we report the material's load-transducing ability as well as falling mechanically closer to bone marrow and osteoid tissue rather than to mature bone, allowed osteogenesis and bone maturation. Defying the notion of selecting bone regeneration scaffolds based on their relative mechanical comparability to mature bone, we consider our results in part novel for the new application of this elastomer and in another fostering for reassessment of the current selection criteria for bone scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Zaky
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - J Gao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - A Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, USA
| | - K Verdelis
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - A J Almarza
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - C Sfeir
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
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Orciani M, Fini M, Di Primio R, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Biofabrication and Bone Tissue Regeneration: Cell Source, Approaches, and Challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:17. [PMID: 28386538 PMCID: PMC5362636 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing occurrence of bone disorders and the increase in aging population have resulted in the need for more effective therapies to meet this request. Bone tissue engineering strategies, by combining biomaterials, cells, and signaling factors, are seen as alternatives to conventional bone grafts for repairing or rebuilding bone defects. Indeed, skeletal tissue engineering has not yet achieved full translation into clinical practice because of several challenges. Bone biofabrication by additive manufacturing techniques may represent a possible solution, with its intrinsic capability for accuracy, reproducibility, and customization of scaffolds as well as cell and signaling molecule delivery. This review examines the existing research in bone biofabrication and the appropriate cells and factors selection for successful bone regeneration as well as limitations affecting these approaches. Challenges that need to be tackled with the highest priority are the obtainment of appropriate vascularized scaffolds with an accurate spatiotemporal biochemical and mechanical stimuli release, in order to improve osseointegration as well as osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Orciani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Università Politenica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Università Politenica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Università Politenica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
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41
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Investigate the Effect of Thawing Process on the Self-Assembly of Silk Protein for Tissue Applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4263762. [PMID: 28367442 PMCID: PMC5359440 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4263762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Biological self-assembly is a process in which building blocks autonomously organize to form stable supermolecules of higher order and complexity through domination of weak, noncovalent interactions. For silk protein, the effect of high incubating temperature on the induction of secondary structure and self-assembly was well investigated. However, the effect of freezing and thawing on silk solution has not been studied. The present work aimed to investigate a new all-aqueous process to form 3D porous silk fibroin matrices using a freezing-assisted self-assembly method. This study proposes an experimental investigation and optimization of environmental parameters for the self-assembly process such as freezing temperature, thawing process, and concentration of silk solution. The optical images demonstrated the possibility and potential of -80ST48 treatment to initialize the self-assembly of silk fibroin as well as controllably fabricate a porous scaffold. Moreover, the micrograph images illustrate the assembly of silk protein chain in 7 days under the treatment of -80ST48 process. The surface morphology characterization proved that this method could control the pore size of porous scaffolds by control of the concentration of silk solution. The animal test showed the support of silk scaffold for cell adhesion and proliferation, as well as the cell migration process in the 3D implantable scaffold.
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Martine LC, Holzapfel BM, McGovern JA, Wagner F, Quent VM, Hesami P, Wunner FM, Vaquette C, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Brown TD, Nowlan B, Wu DJ, Hutmacher CO, Moi D, Oussenko T, Piccinini E, Zandstra PW, Mazzieri R, Lévesque JP, Dalton PD, Taubenberger AV, Hutmacher DW. Engineering a humanized bone organ model in mice to study bone metastases. Nat Protoc 2017; 12:639-663. [PMID: 28253234 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2017.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current in vivo models for investigating human primary bone tumors and cancer metastasis to the bone rely on the injection of human cancer cells into the mouse skeleton. This approach does not mimic species-specific mechanisms occurring in human diseases and may preclude successful clinical translation. We have developed a protocol to engineer humanized bone within immunodeficient hosts, which can be adapted to study the interactions between human cancer cells and a humanized bone microenvironment in vivo. A researcher trained in the principles of tissue engineering will be able to execute the protocol and yield study results within 4-6 months. Additive biomanufactured scaffolds seeded and cultured with human bone-forming cells are implanted ectopically in combination with osteogenic factors into mice to generate a physiological bone 'organ', which is partially humanized. The model comprises human bone cells and secreted extracellular matrix (ECM); however, other components of the engineered tissue, such as the vasculature, are of murine origin. The model can be further humanized through the engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that can lead to human hematopoiesis within the murine host. The humanized organ bone model has been well characterized and validated and allows dissection of some of the mechanisms of the bone metastatic processes in prostate and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure C Martine
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Boris M Holzapfel
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqui A McGovern
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ferdinand Wagner
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Orthopedics for the University of Regensburg, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Bad Abbach, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena M Quent
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Martin-Luther-Krankenhaus, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Parisa Hesami
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Felix M Wunner
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cedryck Vaquette
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Toby D Brown
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bianca Nowlan
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dan Jing Wu
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Davide Moi
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tatiana Oussenko
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elia Piccinini
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter W Zandstra
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberta Mazzieri
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Lévesque
- Stem Cell Biology Group - Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anna V Taubenberger
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Biotec TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,George W Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
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43
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Kang Z, Zhang X, Chen Y, Akram MY, Nie J, Zhu X. Preparation of polymer/calcium phosphate porous composite as bone tissue scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:1125-1131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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44
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Poh PSP, Chhaya MP, Wunner FM, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Schilling AF, Schantz JT, van Griensven M, Hutmacher DW. Polylactides in additive biomanufacturing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:228-246. [PMID: 27492211 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
New advanced manufacturing technologies under the alias of additive biomanufacturing allow the design and fabrication of a range of products from pre-operative models, cutting guides and medical devices to scaffolds. The process of printing in 3 dimensions of cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomaterials (bioinks, powders, etc.) to generate in vitro and/or in vivo tissue analogue structures has been termed bioprinting. To further advance in additive biomanufacturing, there are many aspects that we can learn from the wider additive manufacturing (AM) industry, which have progressed tremendously since its introduction into the manufacturing sector. First, this review gives an overview of additive manufacturing and both industry and academia efforts in addressing specific challenges in the AM technologies to drive toward AM-enabled industrial revolution. After which, considerations of poly(lactides) as a biomaterial in additive biomanufacturing are discussed. Challenges in wider additive biomanufacturing field are discussed in terms of (a) biomaterials; (b) computer-aided design, engineering and manufacturing; (c) AM and additive biomanufacturing printers hardware; and (d) system integration. Finally, the outlook for additive biomanufacturing was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrina S P Poh
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Mohit P Chhaya
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Felix M Wunner
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Elena M De-Juan-Pardo
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Arndt F Schilling
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Clinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jan-Thorsten Schantz
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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45
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Choi Y, Kim HJ, Min KS. Effects of proanthocyanidin, a crosslinking agent, on physical and biological properties of collagen hydrogel scaffold. Restor Dent Endod 2016; 41:296-303. [PMID: 27847751 PMCID: PMC5107431 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2016.41.4.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of proanthocyanidin (PAC), a crosslinking agent, on the physical properties of a collagen hydrogel and the behavior of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) cultured in the scaffold. MATERIALS AND METHODS Viability of hPDLCs treated with PAC was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The physical properties of PAC treated collagen hydrogel scaffold were evaluated by the measurement of setting time, surface roughness, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The behavior of the hPDLCs in the collagen scaffold was evaluated by cell morphology observation and cell numbers counting. RESULTS The setting time of the collagen scaffold was shortened in the presence of PAC (p < 0.05). The surface roughness of the PAC-treated collagen was higher compared to the untreated control group (p < 0.05). The thermogram of the crosslinked collagen exhibited a higher endothermic peak compared to the uncrosslinked one. Cells in the PAC-treated collagen were observed to attach in closer proximity to one another with more cytoplasmic extensions compared to cells in the untreated control group. The number of cells cultured in the PAC-treated collagen scaffolds was significantly increased compared to the untreated control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that PAC enhanced the physical properties of the collagen scaffold. Furthermore, the proliferation of hPDLCs cultured in the collagen scaffold crosslinked with PAC was facilitated. Conclusively, the application of PAC to the collagen scaffold may be beneficial for engineering-based periodontal ligament regeneration in delayed replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoorina Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkwang University Dental Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.; Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
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46
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Sun AX, Numpaisal PO, Gottardi R, Shen H, Yang G, Tuan RS. Cell and Biomimetic Scaffold-Based Approaches for Cartilage Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1053/j.oto.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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Li Y, Liu Y, Li S, Liang G, Jiang C, Hu Q. Novel control of gel fraction and enhancement of bonding strength for constructing 3D architecture of tissue engineering scaffold with alginate tubular fiber. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 121:111-116. [PMID: 26073314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alginate tubular fiber has been successfully prepared via coaxial fluid crosslink mode, which is potentially used for the construction of vascularized tissue engineering scaffolds (VTES). However, its elastic and smooth surface is negative for the adhesion of fibers. In this study, the gel fractions were controlled in a novel way of two-step crosslink process in order to meet the needs of each processing link. Based on such consideration, an appropriate formulation was selected to direct write single fiber, which ensured the tubular structure with enough gel portion as well as adhesion between fibers with the reserved sol. Finally, the integrity of the scaffolds had a further development within the 2nd crosslink bath process, which would help to solve the question of poor shear resistance for hydrogel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Gang Liang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qingxi Hu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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48
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Aibibu D, Hild M, Wöltje M, Cherif C. Textile cell-free scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:63. [PMID: 26800694 PMCID: PMC4723636 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the benefits offered by micro-fibrous scaffold architectures fabricated by textile manufacturing techniques are discussed: How can established and novel fiber-processing techniques be exploited in order to generate templates matching the demands of the target cell niche? The problems related to the development of biomaterial fibers (especially from nature-derived materials) ready for textile manufacturing are addressed. Attention is also paid on how biological cues may be incorporated into micro-fibrous scaffold architectures by hybrid manufacturing approaches (e.g. nanofiber or hydrogel functionalization). After a critical review of exemplary recent research works on cell-free fiber based scaffolds for in situ TE, including clinical studies, we conclude that in order to make use of the whole range of favors which may be provided by engineered fibrous scaffold systems, there are four main issues which need to be addressed: (1) Logical combination of manufacturing techniques and materials. (2) Biomaterial fiber development. (3) Adaption of textile manufacturing techniques to the demands of scaffolds for regenerative medicine. (4) Incorporation of biological cues (e.g. stem cell homing factors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilbar Aibibu
- Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Martin Hild
- Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Wöltje
- Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chokri Cherif
- Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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Li Y, Liu Y, Jiang C, Li S, Liang G, Hu Q. A reactor-like spinneret used in 3D printing alginate hollow fiber: a numerical study of morphological evolution. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2392-9. [PMID: 26799402 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02733k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a reactor-like spinneret is proposed to generate a continuous hollow hydrogel fiber. In order to reliably control the deforming dynamics, the components of the spinneret are standardized in order to ease the online observation of morphological evolution. We found that not only did a co-flow occur in the tubular space, but a relatively large shrinkage of the shell layer at the outlet also occurred. Whereupon a weak coupling of the velocity field and diffusion-reacting co-flow was developed to describe the monitored co-flow morphology and to simulate the intermediate state of the concentration field, as well as to calculate the shrinkage profile with an integral formula. And a critical isogram [G]cri was determined to correspond to the morphological segmental feature, to trigger gelation and shrinkage as a threshold of solubility and the integral upper limit of the shrinkage region. Experimental evidence indicates that: the simulation is able to effectively predict the inner diameter of the hollow fiber; the transient inner diameter of the fiber at the outlet is expanded by approximately 70 μm (co-flow distance = 15 mm) as compared to the initial fluid dynamics value, and that the relative mean error of the simulated inner diameter was less than 8%. The proposed study provides deeper insight into the printing of hollow fibers and other gelling processes which utilize a reactor-like spinneret.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. and School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China
| | - Y Liu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - C Jiang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - S Li
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - G Liang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Q Hu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Lode A, Meyer M, Brüggemeier S, Paul B, Baltzer H, Schröpfer M, Winkelmann C, Sonntag F, Gelinsky M. Additive manufacturing of collagen scaffolds by three-dimensional plotting of highly viscous dispersions. Biofabrication 2016; 8:015015. [PMID: 26924825 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/1/015015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the free form fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) structures with distinct external geometry, fitting into a patient-specific defect, and defined internal pore architecture. However, fabrication of predesigned collagen scaffolds using AM-based technologies is challenging due to the low viscosity of collagen solutions, gels or dispersions commonly used for scaffold preparation. In the present study, we have developed a straightforward method which is based on 3D plotting of a highly viscous, high density collagen dispersion. The swollen state of the collagen fibrils at pH 4 enabled the homogenous extrusion of the material, the deposition of uniform strands and finally the construction of 3D scaffolds. Stabilization of the plotted structures was achieved by freeze-drying and chemical crosslinking with the carbodiimide EDC. The scaffolds exhibited high shape and dimensional fidelity and a hierarchical porosity consisting of macropores generated by strand deposition as well as an interconnected microporosity within the strands as result of the freeze-drying process. Cultivation of human mesenchymal stromal cells on the scaffolds, with and without adipogenic or osteogenic stimulation, revealed their cytocompatibility and potential applicability for adipose and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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