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D'Addio F, Maestroni A, Assi E, Ben Nasr M, Amabile G, Usuelli V, Loretelli C, Bertuzzi F, Antonioli B, Cardarelli F, El Essawy B, Solini A, Gerling IC, Bianchi C, Becchi G, Mazzucchelli S, Corradi D, Fadini GP, Foschi D, Markmann JF, Orsi E, Škrha J, Camboni MG, Abdi R, James Shapiro AM, Folli F, Ludvigsson J, Del Prato S, Zuccotti G, Fiorina P. The IGFBP3/TMEM219 pathway regulates beta cell homeostasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:684. [PMID: 35115561 PMCID: PMC8813914 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of pancreatic beta cells is a central feature of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes, but a therapeutic strategy to preserve beta cell mass remains to be established. Here we show that the death receptor TMEM219 is expressed on pancreatic beta cells and that signaling through its ligand insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) leads to beta cell loss and dysfunction. Increased peripheral IGFBP3 was observed in established and at-risk T1D/T2D patients and was confirmed in T1D/T2D preclinical models, suggesting that dysfunctional IGFBP3/TMEM219 signaling is associated with abnormalities in beta cells homeostasis. In vitro and in vivo short-term IGFBP3/TMEM219 inhibition and TMEM219 genetic ablation preserved beta cells and prevented/delayed diabetes onset, while long-term IGFBP3/TMEM219 blockade allowed for beta cell expansion. Interestingly, in several patients' cohorts restoration of appropriate IGFBP3 levels was associated with improved beta cell function. The IGFBP3/TMEM219 pathway is thus shown to be a physiological regulator of beta cell homeostasis and is also demonstrated to be disrupted in T1D/T2D. IGFBP3/TMEM219 targeting may therefore serve as a therapeutic option in diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Homeostasis/genetics
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/genetics
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Middle Aged
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maestroni
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital and Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital and Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Bertuzzi
- Diabetology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Antonioli
- Diabetology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Basset El Essawy
- Transplantation Research Center, Nephrology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anna Solini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ivan C Gerling
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cristina Bianchi
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Becchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Corradi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Diego Foschi
- General Surgery, DIBIC, L. Sacco Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - James F Markmann
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emanuela Orsi
- Diabetes Service, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Jan Škrha
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Nephrology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Franco Folli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Health Science, Università di Milano, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children´s Hospital and Div of Pediatrics, Dept of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stefano Del Prato
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano and Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital and Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy.
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2
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Arutyunyan IV, Fatkhudinov TK, Makarov AV, Elchaninov AV, Sukhikh GT. Regenerative medicine of pancreatic islets. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2948-2966. [PMID: 32587441 PMCID: PMC7304103 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i22.2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pancreas became one of the first objects of regenerative medicine, since other possibilities of dealing with the pancreatic endocrine insufficiency were clearly exhausted. The number of people living with diabetes mellitus is currently approaching half a billion, hence the crucial relevance of new methods to stimulate regeneration of the insulin-secreting β-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Natural restrictions on the islet regeneration are very tight; nevertheless, the islets are capable of physiological regeneration via β-cell self-replication, direct differentiation of multipotent progenitor cells and spontaneous α- to β- or δ- to β-cell conversion (trans-differentiation). The existing preclinical models of β-cell dysfunction or ablation (induced surgically, chemically or genetically) have significantly expanded our understanding of reparative regeneration of the islets and possible ways of its stimulation. The ultimate goal, sufficient level of functional activity of β-cells or their substitutes can be achieved by two prospective broad strategies: β-cell replacement and β-cell regeneration. The “regeneration” strategy aims to maintain a preserved population of β-cells through in situ exposure to biologically active substances that improve β-cell survival, replication and insulin secretion, or to evoke the intrinsic adaptive mechanisms triggering the spontaneous non-β- to β-cell conversion. The “replacement” strategy implies transplantation of β-cells (as non-disintegrated pancreatic material or isolated donor islets) or β-like cells obtained ex vivo from progenitors or mature somatic cells (for example, hepatocytes or α-cells) under the action of small-molecule inducers or by genetic modification. We believe that the huge volume of experimental and clinical studies will finally allow a safe and effective solution to a seemingly simple goal-restoration of the functionally active β-cells, the innermost hope of millions of people globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Arutyunyan
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Timur Kh Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow 117418, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Andrey V Makarov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Andrey V Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russia
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3
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Baeyens L, Lemper M, Staels W, De Groef S, De Leu N, Heremans Y, German MS, Heimberg H. (Re)generating Human Beta Cells: Status, Pitfalls, and Perspectives. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1143-1167. [PMID: 29717931 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus results from disturbed glucose homeostasis due to an absolute (type 1) or relative (type 2) deficiency of insulin, a peptide hormone almost exclusively produced by the beta cells of the endocrine pancreas in a tightly regulated manner. Current therapy only delays disease progression through insulin injection and/or oral medications that increase insulin secretion or sensitivity, decrease hepatic glucose production, or promote glucosuria. These drugs have turned diabetes into a chronic disease as they do not solve the underlying beta cell defects or entirely prevent the long-term complications of hyperglycemia. Beta cell replacement through islet transplantation is a more physiological therapeutic alternative but is severely hampered by donor shortage and immune rejection. A curative strategy should combine newer approaches to immunomodulation with beta cell replacement. Success of this approach depends on the development of practical methods for generating beta cells, either in vitro or in situ through beta cell replication or beta cell differentiation. This review provides an overview of human beta cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Baeyens
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Marie Lemper
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Willem Staels
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Groef
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Nico De Leu
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Michael S German
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Harry Heimberg
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; Diabetes Center, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California ; Genentech Safety Assessment, South San Francisco, California ; Investigative Toxicology, UCB BioPharma, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University, Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Endocrinology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels , Belgium ; and Department of Endocrinology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
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4
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Sharma A, Yerra VG, Kumar A. Emerging role of Hippo signalling in pancreatic biology: YAP re-expression and plausible link to islet cell apoptosis and replication. Biochimie 2017; 133:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Zhu X, Tollkuhn J, Taylor H, Rosenfeld MG. Notch-Dependent Pituitary SOX2(+) Stem Cells Exhibit a Timed Functional Extinction in Regulation of the Postnatal Gland. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 5:1196-1209. [PMID: 26651607 PMCID: PMC4682291 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although SOX2+ stem cells are present in the postnatal pituitary gland, how they are regulated molecularly and whether they are required for pituitary functions remain unresolved questions. Using a conditional knockout animal model, here we demonstrate that ablation of the canonical Notch signaling in the embryonic pituitary gland leads to progressive depletion of the SOX2+ stem cells and hypoplastic gland. Furthermore, we show that the SOX2+ stem cells initially play a significant role in contributing to postnatal pituitary gland expansion by self-renewal and differentiating into distinct lineages in the immediate postnatal period. However, we found that within several weeks postpartum, the SOX2+ stem cells switch to an essentially dormant state and are no longer required for homeostasis/tissue adaptation. Our results present a dynamic tissue homeostatic model in which stem cells provide an initial contribution to the growth of the neonatal pituitary gland, whereas the mature gland can be maintained in a stem cell-independent fashion. Notch signaling is necessary to maintain Sox2+ stem cells in the pituitary gland Sox2+ cells and differentiated cells contribute to postnatal pituitary expansion Sox2+ stem cells prove to be dispensable for adult pituitary gland homeostasis Differentiated cells retain mitotic capacity and respond to physiological demands
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department and School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jessica Tollkuhn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department and School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Havilah Taylor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department and School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department and School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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6
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Metabolic surgery provides remission of pancreatogenic diabetes in a non-obese patient. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2015; 12:e25-e26. [PMID: 26686307 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Crivello M, Bonaventura MM, Chamson-Reig A, Arany E, Bettler B, Libertun C, Lux-Lantos V. Postnatal development of the endocrine pancreas in mice lacking functional GABAB receptors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 304:E1064-76. [PMID: 23531612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00569.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adult mice lacking functional GABAB receptors (GABAB1KO) have glucose metabolism alterations. Since GABAB receptors (GABABRs) are expressed in progenitor cells, we evaluated islet development in GABAB1KO mice. Postnatal day 4 (PND4) and adult, male and female, GABAB1KO, and wild-type littermates (WT) were weighed and euthanized, and serum insulin and glucagon was measured. Pancreatic glucagon and insulin content were assessed, and pancreas insulin, glucagon, PCNA, and GAD65/67 were determined by immunohistochemistry. RNA from PND4 pancreata and adult isolated islets was obtained, and Ins1, Ins2, Gcg, Sst, Ppy, Nes, Pdx1, and Gad1 transcription levels were determined by quantitative PCR. The main results were as follows: 1) insulin content was increased in PND4 GABAB1KO females and in both sexes in adult GABAB1KOs; 2) GABAB1KO females had more clusters (<500 μm(2)) and less islets than WT females; 3) cluster proliferation was decreased at PND4 and increased in adult GABAB1KO mice; 4) increased β-area at the expense of the α-cell area was present in GABAB1KO islets; 5) Ins2, Sst, and Ppy transcription were decreased in PND4 GABAB1KO pancreata, adult GABAB1KO female islets showed increased Ins1, Ins2, and Sst expression, Pdx1 was increased in male and female GABAB1KO islets; and 6) GAD65/67 was increased in adult GABAB1KO pancreata. We demonstrate that several islet parameters are altered in GABAB1KO mice, further pinpointing the importance of GABABRs in islet physiology. Some changes persist from neonatal ages to adulthood (e.g., insulin content in GABAB1KO females), whereas other features are differentially regulated according to age (e.g., Ins2 was reduced in PND4, whereas it was upregulated in adult GABAB1KO females).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Crivello
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Suzuki T, Dai P, Hatakeyama T, Harada Y, Tanaka H, Yoshimura N, Takamatsu T. TGF-β Signaling Regulates Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation through Control of Cell Cycle Regulator p27 Expression. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2013; 46:51-8. [PMID: 23720603 PMCID: PMC3661777 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of pancreatic β-cells is an important mechanism underlying β-cell mass adaptation to metabolic demands. Increasing β-cell mass by regeneration may ameliorate or correct both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, which both result from inadequate production of insulin by β-cells of the pancreatic islet. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is essential for fetal development and growth of pancreatic islets. In this study, we exposed HIT-T15, a clonal pancreatic β-cell line, to TGF-β signaling. We found that inhibition of TGF-β signaling promotes proliferation of the cells significantly, while TGF-β signaling stimulation inhibits proliferation of the cells remarkably. We confirmed that this proliferative regulation by TGF-β signaling is due to the changed expression of the cell cycle regulator p27. Furthermore, we demonstrated that there is no observed effect on transcriptional activity of p27 by TGF-β signaling. Our data show that TGF-β signaling mediates the cell-cycle progression of pancreatic β-cells by regulating the nuclear localization of CDK inhibitor, p27. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduces the nuclear accumulation of p27, and as a result this inhibition promotes proliferation of β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Tomoya Hatakeyama
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Yoshinori Harada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Norio Yoshimura
- Department of Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Tetsuro Takamatsu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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9
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Inoue H, Shintani N, Sakurai Y, Higashi S, Hayata-Takano A, Baba A, Hashimoto H. PACAP Inhibits β-cell Mass Expansion in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes: Persistent Suppressive Effects on Islet Density. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:27. [PMID: 23483824 PMCID: PMC3593608 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a potent insulinotropic G-protein-coupled receptor ligand, for which morphoregulative roles in pancreatic islets have recently been suggested. Here, we evaluated the effects of pancreatic overexpression of PACAP on morphometric changes of islets in a severe type II diabetes model. Following cross-breeding of obese-diabetic model KKA(y) mice with mice overexpressing PACAP in their pancreatic β-cells, the resulting KKA(y) mice with or without PACAP transgene (PACAP/+:A(y)/+ or A(y)/+ mice) were fed with a high-fat diet up to the age of 11 months. Pancreatic sections from 5- to 11-month-old littermates were examined. Histomorphometric analyses revealed significant suppression of islet mass expansion in PACAP/+:A(y)/+ mice compared with A(y)/+ mice at 11 months, but no significant difference between PACAP/+ and +/+ (wild-type) mice, as previously reported. The suppressed islet mass in PACAP/+:A(y)/+ mice was due to a decrease in islet density but not islet size. In addition, the density of tiny islets (<0.001 mm(2)) and of insulin-positive clusters in ductal structures were markedly decreased in PACAP/+:A(y)/+ mice compared with A(y)/+ mice at 5 months of age. In contrast, PACAP overexpression caused no significant effects on the level of aldehyde-fuchsin reagent staining (a measure of β-cell granulation) or the volume and localization of glucagon-positive cells in the pancreas. These results support previously reported inhibitory effects of PACAP on pancreatic islet mass expansion, and suggest it has persistent suppressive effects on pancreatic islet density which may be related with ductal cell-associated islet neogenesis in type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Inoue
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norihito Shintani
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakurai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Higashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hayata-Takano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Disease Model, Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of FukuiSuita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akemichi Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health SciencesKobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka UniversitySuita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Disease Model, Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of FukuiSuita, Osaka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hitoshi Hashimoto, Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. e-mail:
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10
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Sekiguchi Y, Owada J, Oishi H, Katsumata T, Ikeda K, Kudo T, Takahashi S. Noninvasive monitoring of β-cell mass and fetal β-cell genesis in mice using bioluminescence imaging. Exp Anim 2012; 61:445-51. [PMID: 22850644 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.61.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) has been applied in gene therapy and research to screen for transgene expression, progression of infection, tumor growth and metastasis, and transplantation. It enables real-time and relatively noninvasive localization and serial quantification of biological processes in experimental animals. In diabetes research, BLI has been employed for the quantification of β-cell mass, monitoring of islet graft survival after transplantation, and detection of reporter gene expression. Here, we explore the use of BLI in a transgenic mouse expressing luciferase under the control of the mouse insulin 1 promoter (MIP-Luc-VU). A previous report on MIP-Luc-VU mice showed luminescence intensities emitted from the islets correlated well with the number of islets in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we showed MIP-Luc-VU mice fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks gave rise to a greater bioluminescent signal than mice fed a regular diet for the same period of time. Conversely, there was a strong reduction in the signal observed in diabetic Mafa-deficient/Mafk-transgenic mutant mice and streptozotocin-treated mice, reflecting the loss of β-cells. Furthermore, we were able to monitor fetal β-cell genesis in MIP-Luc-VU mice during the late gestational stage in a noninvasive and repetitive manner. In summary, we show that bioluminescence imaging of mice expressing a β-cell specific reporter allows detection of changes in β-cell mass and visualization of fetal β-cell neogenesis in uteri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Sekiguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1–1–1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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11
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Jacovetti C, Abderrahmani A, Parnaud G, Jonas JC, Peyot ML, Cornu M, Laybutt R, Meugnier E, Rome S, Thorens B, Prentki M, Bosco D, Regazzi R. MicroRNAs contribute to compensatory β cell expansion during pregnancy and obesity. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:3541-51. [PMID: 22996663 PMCID: PMC3461923 DOI: 10.1172/jci64151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy and obesity are frequently associated with diminished insulin sensitivity, which is normally compensated for by an expansion of the functional β cell mass that prevents chronic hyperglycemia and development of diabetes mellitus. The molecular basis underlying compensatory β cell mass expansion is largely unknown. We found in rodents that β cell mass expansion during pregnancy and obesity is associated with changes in the expression of several islet microRNAs, including miR-338-3p. In isolated pancreatic islets, we recapitulated the decreased miR-338-3p level observed in gestation and obesity by activating the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPR30 and the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor. Blockade of miR-338-3p in β cells using specific anti-miR molecules mimicked gene expression changes occurring during β cell mass expansion and resulted in increased proliferation and improved survival both in vitro and in vivo. These findings point to a major role for miR-338-3p in compensatory β cell mass expansion occurring under different insulin resistance states.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/physiology
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytokines/genetics
- Estradiol/analogs & derivatives
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Estradiol/physiology
- Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacology
- Female
- Fulvestrant
- Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/physiology
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
- Insulin Resistance/physiology
- Islets of Langerhans/growth & development
- Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
- Islets of Langerhans/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Postpartum Period/metabolism
- Pregnancy/metabolism
- Pregnancy/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/biosynthesis
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, Glucagon/agonists
- Receptors, Glucagon/deficiency
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Jacovetti
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Géraldine Parnaud
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Marion Cornu
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Ross Laybutt
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Sophie Rome
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Marc Prentki
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
University of Lille Nord de France, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes EGID FR 3508, UMR 8199, Lille, France.
Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d’endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
Montreal Diabetes Research Center and CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Laboratory CarMen (INSERM 1060, INRA 1235, INSA), University of Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Oullins, France
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12
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Abstract
The lack or dysfunction of insulin-producing β-cells is the cause of all forms of diabetes. In vitro generation of β-cells from pluripotent stem cells for cell-replacement therapy or triggering endogenous mechanisms of β-cell repair have great potential in the field of regenerative medicine. Both approaches rely on a thorough understanding of β-cell development and homeostasis. Here, we briefly summarize the current knowledge of β-cell differentiation during pancreas development in the mouse. Furthermore, we describe how this knowledge is translated to instruct differentiation of both mouse and human pluripotent stem cells towards the β-cell lineage. Finally, we shortly summarize the current efforts to identify stem or progenitor cells in the adult pancreatic organ and to harness the endogenous regenerative potential. Understanding development and regeneration of β-cells already led to identification of molecular targets for therapy and informed on pathomechanisms of diabetes. In the future this knowledge might [corrected] lead to β-cell repair and replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Raducanu
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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13
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Samuelson L, Gerber DA. Improved function and growth of pancreatic cells in a three-dimensional bioreactor environment. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2012; 19:39-47. [PMID: 22712746 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2012.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture have made significant progress in recent years due to a better understanding of cell to cell interactions and the cell's interface with their surrounding environment. We hypothesized that a microgravity 3D culture system would improve upon the growth and function of a pancreatic progenitor cell population. We developed a rotating wall vessel bioreactor and established a culture system using a pancreatic cell line. Cells in the bioreactors showed robust proliferation, enhanced transcriptional signaling, and improved translation of pancreatic genes compared with two-dimensional static culture. Cells also gained the ability to respond to glucose stimulation, which was not observed in the control cultures. These findings suggest that a 3D microgravity bioreactor environment mimics the niche of the pancreas yielding a cell source with potential for cell-based therapy in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Samuelson
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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14
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Mohanasundaram D, Drogemuller C, Brealey J, Jessup CF, Milner C, Murgia C, Lang CJ, Milton A, Zalewski PD, Russ GR, Coates PT. Ultrastructural analysis, zinc transporters, glucose transporters and hormones expression in New world primate (Callithrix jacchus) and human pancreatic islets. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 174:71-9. [PMID: 21821034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The New world primates (NWP) Callithrix jacchus separated from man approximately 50 million years ago and is a potential alternative small non-human primate model for diabetes research. Ultrastructure, and gene expression of pancreatic islets and the recently described diabetes auto antigenic zinc transporters families in human, NWP and pig pancreas were studied. Morphologically NWP islets were larger than pig islets and similar in size to human islets. NWP islets alpha cells had high dense core surrounded by a limiting membrane, beta cells by the mixed morphology of the granule core, and delta cells by moderate opaque core. Antibody staining for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) showed that the distribution pattern of the different cell types within islets was comparable to pig and human islets. In all three species protein expression of zinc transporter ZnT8 was detected in most of the insulin producing beta cells whereas Zip14 expression was widely expressed in alpha and beta cells. In both human and NWP little or no expression of Glut2 was observed compared to Glut1 and glucokinase at the protein level, however the messenger RNA level of Glut2 was greater than Glut1 and glucokinase. In contrast all three glucose transporters were expressed in pig islets at the protein level. The expression of Zip14 in islets is reported for the first time. In conclusion NWP pancreatic islets express comparable islet cell types and distribution to humans and pigs. Importantly, marmosets have a similar glucose transporter profile to humans, making this non-endangered primate species a useful animal model for pancreatic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Mohanasundaram
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, South Australian and Northern Territory Islet Program and Australian Islet Consortium, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
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15
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Anzalone R, Lo Iacono M, Loria T, Di Stefano A, Giannuzzi P, Farina F, La Rocca G. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells as candidates for beta cells regeneration: extending the differentiative and immunomodulatory benefits of adult mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 7:342-63. [PMID: 20972649 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-010-9196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are uniquely capable of crossing germinative layers borders (i.e. are able to differentiate towards ectoderm-, mesoderm- and endoderm-derived cytotypes) and are viewed as promising cells for regenerative medicine approaches in several diseases. Type I diabetes therapy should potentially benefit from such differentiated cells: the search for alternatives to organ/islet transplantation strategies via stem cells differentiation is an ongoing task, significant goals having been achieved in most experimental settings (e.g. insulin production and euglycaemia restoration), though caution is still needed to ensure safe and durable effects in vivo. MSC are obtainable in high numbers via ex vivo culture and can be differentiated towards insulin-producing cells (IPC). Moreover, recent reports evidenced that MSC possess immunomodulatory activities (acting on both innate and acquired immunity effectors) which should result in a reduction of the immunogenicity of transplanted cells, thus limiting rejection. Moreover it has been proposed that MSC administration should be used to attenuate the autoimmune processes which lead to the destruction of beta cells. This review illustrates the recent advances made in differentiating human MSC to IPC. In particular, we compare the effectiveness of the differentiation protocols applied, the markers and functional assays used to characterize differentiated progeny, and the in vivo controls. We further speculate on how MSC derived from Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord may represent a more promising regenerative medicine tool, as recently demonstrated for endoderm-derived organs (as liver) in human subjects, also considering their peculiar immunomodulatory features compared to other MSC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Anzalone
- Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, Palermo, PA 90127, Italy
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16
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Hakonen E, Ustinov J, Mathijs I, Palgi J, Bouwens L, Miettinen PJ, Otonkoski T. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor signalling is needed for murine beta cell mass expansion in response to high-fat diet and pregnancy but not after pancreatic duct ligation. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1735-43. [PMID: 21509441 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling is essential for the proper fetal development of pancreatic islets and in the postnatal formation of an adequate beta cell mass. In this study we investigated the role of EGFR signalling in the physiological states of beta cell mass expansion in adults during metabolic syndrome and pregnancy, as well as in regeneration after pancreatic duct ligation. METHODS Heterozygous Pdx1-EGFR-dominant-negative (E1-DN) mice, which have a kinase-negative EGFR under the Pdx1 promoter, and wild-type mice were both subjected to a high-fat diet, pregnancy and pancreatic duct ligation. RESULTS The beta cell mass of wild-type mice fed the high-fat diet increased by 70% and the mice remained normoglycaemic; the E1-DN mice became diabetic and failed to show any compensatory beta cell mass expansion. Similarly, pregnant wild-type mice had four times more proliferating beta cells and a 75% increase in beta cell mass at mid-gestation, in contrast to the pregnant E1-DN mice, which did not show any significant beta cell compensation and were hyperglycaemic in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. However, after pancreatic duct ligation, both the wild-type and E1-DN mice showed similar expression of Ngn3 (also known as Neurog3) and beta cell proliferation increased to a similar level in the ligated part of pancreas. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS EGFR signalling is essential in beta cell mass expansion during a high-fat diet and pregnancy where replication is the primary mechanism for compensatory beta cell mass expansion. In contrast, EGFR signalling appears not to be crucial to increased beta cell proliferation after pancreatic duct ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hakonen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, PO Box 63, (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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17
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Gracz AD, Magness ST. Sry-box (Sox) transcription factors in gastrointestinal physiology and disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 300:G503-15. [PMID: 21292996 PMCID: PMC3302185 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00489.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The genetic mechanisms underlying tissue maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract are critical for the proper function of the digestive system under normal physiological stress. The identification of transcription factors and related signal transduction pathways that regulate stem cell maintenance and lineage allocation is attractive from a clinical standpoint in that it may provide targets for novel cell- or drug-based therapies. Sox [sex-determining region Y (Sry) box-containing] factors are a family of transcription factors that are emerging as potent regulators of stem cell maintenance and cell fate decisions in multiple organ systems and might provide valuable insight toward the understanding of these processes in endodermally derived tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we focus on the known genetic functions of Sox factors and their roles in epithelial tissues of the esophagus, stomach, intestine, colon, pancreas, and liver. Additionally, we discuss pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal tract that are associated with a dysregulation of Sox factors. Further study of Sox factors and their role in gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology may lead to advances that facilitate control of tissue maintenance and development of advanced clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. D. Gracz
- 1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and ,2Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - S. T. Magness
- 1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and
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18
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Stein J, Milewski WM, Hara M, Steiner DF, Dey A. GSK-3 inactivation or depletion promotes β-cell replication via down regulation of the CDK inhibitor, p27 (Kip1). Islets 2011; 3:21-34. [PMID: 21278490 PMCID: PMC3060436 DOI: 10.4161/isl.3.1.14435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (T1DM and T2DM) is characterized by a deficit in β-cell mass. A broader understanding of human β-cell replication mechanism is thus important to increase β-cell proliferation for future therapeutic interventions. Here, we show that p27 (Kip1), a CDK inhibitor, is expressed abundantly in isolated adult human islets and interacts with various positive cell cycle regulatory proteins including D-type cyclins (D1, D2 and D3) and their kinase partners, CDK4 and CDK6. Also, we see interaction of cyclin E and its kinase partner, CDK2, with p27 suggesting a critical role of p27 as a negative cell cycle regulator in human islets. Our data demonstrate interaction of p27 with GSK-3 in β-cells and show, employing rodent β-cells (INS-1), isolated human islets and purified β-cells derived from human islets, that siRNA-mediated depletion of GSK-3 or p27 or 1-AKP / BIO - mediated GSK-3 inhibition results in increased β-cell proliferation. We also see reduction of p27 levels following GSK-3 inactivation or depletion. Our data show that serum induction of quiescent INS-1 cells leads to sequential phosphorylation of p27 on its S10 and T187 residues with faster kinetics for S10 corresponding with the decreased levels of p27. Altogether our findings indicate that p27 levels in β-cells are stabilized by GSK-3 and thus p27 down regulation following GSK-3 depletion / inactivation plays a critical role in promoting β-cell replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Stein
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Wieslawa M Milewski
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Manami Hara
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Donald F Steiner
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Arunangsu Dey
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Department of Medicine University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
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Abstract
Beta-cell regeneration represents a major goal of therapy for diabetes. Unravelling the origin of beta cells during pancreatic regeneration could help restore a functional beta-cell mass in diabetes patients. This scientific question has represented a longstanding interest still intensively investigated today. This review focuses on pioneering observations and subsequent theories made 100 years ago and describes how technical innovation helped resolve some, but not all, of the controversies generated by these early investigators. At the end of the 19th century, complete pancreatectomy demonstrated the crucial physiological role of the pancreas and its link with diabetes. Pancreatic injury models, including pancreatectomy and ductal ligation, allowed investigators to describe islet function and to assess the regenerative capacity of the pancreas. Three main theories were proposed to explain the origins of newly formed islets: (i) transdifferentiation of acinar cells into islets, (ii) islet neogenesis, a process reminiscent of islet formation during embryonic development, and (iii) replication of preexisting islet cells. Despite considerable technical innovation in the last 50 years, the origin of new adult beta cells remains highly controversial and the same three theories are still debated today.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Granger
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA
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