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Utepova IA, Serebrennikova PO, Chupakhin ON, Guzhova IV, Mikhaylova ER, Antonchick AP. Synthesis and Biological Investigation of 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3-a]azines as Potential HSF1 Inductors. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDerivatives of fused 1,2,4-triazines containing heterocyclic and metallocene fragments were obtained by one-pot oxidative cyclization of heterocyclic hydrazones in the presence of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents. For 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]azines, the ability to activate HSF1 was investigated. The obtained compounds were shown to increase the degree of HSF1 activation. It was shown that the 1,2,4-triazines can be used to induce Hsp70 expression and decrease the extent of mutant HTT aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Utepova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Polina O. Serebrennikova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | | | | | - Andrey P. Antonchick
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University
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2
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Hsp70-containing extracellular vesicles are capable of activating of adaptive immunity in models of mouse melanoma and colon carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21314. [PMID: 34716378 PMCID: PMC8556270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of Hsp70 chaperone from tumor cells is found to trigger the full-scale anti-cancer immune response. Such release and the proper immune reaction can be induced by the delivery of recombinant Hsp70 to a tumor and we sought to explore how the endogenous Hsp70 can be transported to extracellular space leading to the burst of anti-cancer activity. Hsp70 transport mechanisms were studied by analyzing its intracellular tracks with Rab proteins as well as by using specific inhibitors of membrane domains. To study Hsp70 forms released from cells we employed the assay consisting of two affinity chromatography methods. Hsp70 content in culture medium and extracellular vesicles (EVs) was measured with the aid of ELISA. The properties and composition of EVs were assessed using nanoparticle tracking analysis and immunoblotting. The activity of immune cells was studied using an assay of cytotoxic lymphocytes, and for in vivo studies we employed methods of affinity separation of lymphocyte fractions. Analyzing B16 melanoma cells treated with recombinant Hsp70 we found that the chaperone triggered extracellular transport of its endogenous analog in soluble and enclosed in EVs forms; both species efficiently penetrated adjacent cells and this secondary transport was corroborated with the strong increase of Natural Killer (NK) cell toxicity towards melanoma. When B16 and CT-26 colon cancer cells before their injection in animals were treated with Hsp70-enriched EVs, a powerful anti-cancer effect was observed as shown by a two-fold reduction in tumor growth rate and elevation of life span. We found that the immunomodulatory effect was due to the enhancement of the CD8-positive response and anti-tumor cytokine accumulation; supporting this there was no delay in CT-26 tumor growth when Hsp70-enriched EVs were grafted in nude mice. Importantly, pre-treatment of B16 cells with Hsp70-bearing EVs resulted in a decline of arginase-1-positive macrophages, showing no generation of tumor-associated macrophages. In conclusion, Hsp70-containing EVs generated by specifically treated cancer cells give a full-scale and effective pattern of anti-tumor immune responses.
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De Maio A, Hightower L. The interaction of heat shock proteins with cellular membranes: a historical perspective. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:769-783. [PMID: 34478113 PMCID: PMC8413713 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of heat shock proteins (HSP) with cellular membranes has been an enigmatic process, initially observed by morphological studies, inferred during the purification of HSP70s, and confirmed after the detection of these proteins on the surface of cancer cells and their insertion into artificial lipid bilayers. Today, the association of several HSP with lipid membranes is well established. However, the mechanisms for membrane insertion have been elusive. There is conclusive evidence indicating that HSP70s have a great selectivity for negatively charged phospholipids, whereas other HSP have a broader spectrum of lipid specificity. HSP70 also oligomerizes upon membrane insertion, forming ion conductance channels. The functional role of HSP70 lipid interactions appears related to membrane stabilization that may play a role during cell membrane biogenesis. They could also play a role as membrane chaperones as well as during endocytosis, microautophagy, and signal transduction. Moreover, HSP membrane association is a key component in the extracellular export of these proteins. The presence of HSP70 on the surface of cancer cells and its interaction with lysosome membranes have been envisioned as potential therapeutic targets. Thus, the biology and function of HSP membrane association are reaching a new level of excitement. This review is an attempt to preserve the recollection of the pioneering contributions of many investigators that have participated in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Maio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Center for Investigations of Health and Education Disparities, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Lawrence Hightower
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Lazarev VF, Mikhaylova ER, Mikeladze MA, Trestsova MA, Utepova IA, Chupakhin ON, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV. Indolyl- and Pyrrolylazine Derivatives Cause the Accumulation of Heat Shock Protein Hsp70 in Sh-Sy5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2020; 494:248-251. [PMID: 33119827 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672920050087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock protein Hsp70 is involved in cell defense from various types of stress, including the proteotoxic stress, which occurs during the development of many neurodegenerative diseases. This work presents data on the detection of small molecules, derivatives of indolyl- and pyrrolylazines, which can activate the synthesis of Hsp70 and cause its accumulation in the cell. The toxicity level of the new Hsp70 synthesis inducers was evaluated, and the safety of these compounds was demonstrated in experiments on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Derivatives of indolyl- and pyrrolylazines presented in this work can be potential therapeutic agents in models of neurodegenerative diseases that should be studied in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Lazarev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - E R Mikhaylova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M A Mikeladze
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M A Trestsova
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - I A Utepova
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia.,Postovskii Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - O N Chupakhin
- Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia.,Postovskii Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - B A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Pyrrolylquinoxaline-2-One Derivative as a Potent Therapeutic Factor for Brain Trauma Rehabilitation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050414. [PMID: 32366047 PMCID: PMC7285016 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often causes massive brain cell death accompanied by the accumulation of toxic factors in interstitial and cerebrospinal fluids. The persistence of the damaged brain area is not transient and may occur within days and weeks. Chaperone Hsp70 is known for its cytoprotective and antiapoptotic activity, and thus, a therapeutic approach based on chemically induced Hsp70 expression may become a promising approach to lower post-traumatic complications. To simulate the processes of secondary damage, we used an animal model of TBI and a cell model based on the cultivation of target cells in the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from injured rats. Here we present a novel low molecular weight substance, PQ-29, which induces the synthesis of Hsp70 and empowers the resistance of rat C6 glioma cells to the cytotoxic effect of rat cerebrospinal fluid taken from rats subjected to TBI. In an animal model of TBI, PQ-29 elevated the Hsp70 level in brain cells and significantly slowed the process of the apoptosis in acceptor cells in response to cerebrospinal fluid action. The compound was also shown to rescue the motor function of traumatized rats, thus proving its potential application in rehabilitation therapy after TBI.
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Komarova EY, Marchenko LV, Zhakhov AV, Nikotina AD, Aksenov ND, Suezov RV, Ischenko AM, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV. Extracellular Hsp70 Reduces the Pro-Tumor Capacity of Monocytes/Macrophages Co-Cultivated with Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010059. [PMID: 31861801 PMCID: PMC6982218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are known to contain high levels of the heat shock protein 70 kDa (Hsp70), which mediates increased cell proliferation, escape from programmed cell death, enhanced invasion, and metastasis. A part of Hsp70 molecules may release from cancer cells and affect the behavior of adjacent stromal cells. To explore the effects of Hsp70 on the status of monocytes/macrophages in the tumor locale, we incubated human carcinoma cells of three distinct lines with normal and reduced content of Hsp70 with THP1 monocytes. Using two methods, we showed that the cells with knock-down of Hsp70 released a lower amount of protein in the extracellular medium. Three cycles of the co-cultivation of cancer and monocytic cells led to the secretion of several cytokines typical of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and to pro-cancer activation of the monocytes/macrophages as established by elevation of F4/80 and arginase-1 markers. Unexpectedly, the efficacy of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and resistance of carcinoma cells to anticancer drugs after incubation with monocytic cells were more pronounced in cells with lower Hsp70, e.g., releasing less Hsp70 into the extracellular milieu. These data suggest that Hsp70 released from tumor cells into the TME is able, together with the development of an anti-cancer immune response, to limit the conversion of a considerable part of monocytic cells to the pro-tumor phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Y. Komarova
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Larisa V. Marchenko
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Alexander V. Zhakhov
- Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparation of Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Pudozhskaya street, 7, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Alina D. Nikotina
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Nikolay D. Aksenov
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Roman V. Suezov
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Alexander M. Ischenko
- Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparation of Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Pudozhskaya street, 7, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Boris A. Margulis
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Irina V. Guzhova
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (E.Y.K.); (L.V.M.); (A.D.N.); (N.D.A.); (R.V.S.); (B.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7812-2973794
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Ekimova IV, Pazi MB, Belan DV. The Impact of Pharmacological Inhibition of Hsp70 Chaperone Expression on Protective Effects of the Glucose-Regulated 78 kDa Protein in a Parkinson’s Disease Model. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093019050107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shevtsov M, Stangl S, Nikolaev B, Yakovleva L, Marchenko Y, Tagaeva R, Sievert W, Pitkin E, Mazur A, Tolstoy P, Galibin O, Ryzhov V, Steiger K, Smirnov O, Khachatryan W, Chester K, Multhoff G. Granzyme B Functionalized Nanoparticles Targeting Membrane Hsp70-Positive Tumors for Multimodal Cancer Theranostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900205. [PMID: 30828968 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as potential clinical tools for cancer theranostics. Membrane-bound 70 kDa heat shock protein (mHsp70) is ubiquitously expressed on the cell membrane of various tumor types but not normal cells and therefore provides a tumor-specific target. The serine protease granzyme B (GrB) that is produced as an effector molecule by activated T and NK cells has been shown to specifically target mHsp70 on tumor cells. Following binding to Hsp70, GrB is rapidly internalized into tumor cells. Herein, it is demonstrated that GrB functionalized SPIONs act as a contrast enhancement agent for magnetic resonance imaging and induce specific tumor cell apoptosis. Combinatorial regimens employing stereotactic radiotherapy and/or magnetic targeting are found to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of GrB-SPIONs in different tumor mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Shevtsov
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave., 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo str. 6/8, St. Petersburg, 197022, Russia
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Russian Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Mayakovskogo str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191104, Russia
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Ludmila Yakovleva
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Marchenko
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Ruslana Tagaeva
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191014, Russia
| | - Wolfgang Sievert
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Emil Pitkin
- Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Walnut Street 3730, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anton Mazur
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Peter Tolstoy
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Oleg Galibin
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, L'va Tolstogo str. 6/8, St. Petersburg, 197022, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Ryzhov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, 188300, Russia
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Oleg Smirnov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, 188300, Russia
| | - William Khachatryan
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Russian Polenov Neurosurgical Institute, Mayakovskogo str. 12, St. Petersburg, 191104, Russia
| | - Kerry Chester
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD, London, UK
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Center for Translational Cancer Research Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
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Ekimova IV, Plaksina DV, Pastukhov YF, Lapshina KV, Lazarev VF, Mikhaylova ER, Polonik SG, Pani B, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV, Nudler E. New HSF1 inducer as a therapeutic agent in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2018; 306:199-208. [PMID: 29704482 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperone HSP70 (HSPA1A) has therapeutic potential in conformational neurological diseases. Here we evaluate the neuroprotective function of the chaperone in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). We show that the knock-down of HSP70 (HSPA1A) in dopaminergic neurons of the Substantia nigra causes an almost 2-fold increase in neuronal death and multiple motor disturbances in animals. Conversely, pharmacological activation of HSF1 transcription factor and enhanced expression of inducible HSP70 with the echinochrome derivative, U-133, reverses the process of neurodegeneration, as evidenced by а increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons, and prevents the motor disturbances that are typical of the clinical stage of the disease. The neuroprotective effect caused by the elevation of HSP70 in nigral neurons is due to the ability of the chaperone to prevent α-synuclein aggregation and microglia activation. Our findings support the therapeutic relevance of HSP70 induction for the prevention and/or deceleration of PD-like neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Ekimova
- Laboratory of Comparative Thermophysiology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Maurice Thorez, 44, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia.
| | - Daria V Plaksina
- Laboratory of Comparative Thermophysiology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Maurice Thorez, 44, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Yuri F Pastukhov
- Laboratory of Comparative Thermophysiology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Maurice Thorez, 44, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Ksenia V Lapshina
- Laboratory of Comparative Thermophysiology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Maurice Thorez, 44, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Vladimir F Lazarev
- Cell Protection Mechanisms Laboratory, Institute of Cytology Russian of Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr., 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Elena R Mikhaylova
- Cell Protection Mechanisms Laboratory, Institute of Cytology Russian of Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr., 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Sergey G Polonik
- G.B.Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Bibhusita Pani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine NY, NY 10016, USA
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Cell Protection Mechanisms Laboratory, Institute of Cytology Russian of Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr., 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Irina V Guzhova
- Cell Protection Mechanisms Laboratory, Institute of Cytology Russian of Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr., 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Nudler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine NY, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine NY, NY 10016, USA.
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10
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Alekseenko LL, Zemelko VI, Domnina AP, Lyublinskaya OG, Zenin VV, Pugovkina NA, Kozhukharova IV, Borodkina AV, Grinchuk TM, Fridlyanskaya II, Nikolsky NN. Sublethal heat shock induces premature senescence rather than apoptosis in human mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:355-66. [PMID: 24078383 PMCID: PMC3982025 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells in adult organism are responsible for cell turnover and tissue regeneration. The study of stem cell stress response contributes to our knowledge on the mechanisms of damaged tissue repair. Previously, we demonstrated that sublethal heat shock (HS) induced apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells. This study aimed to investigate HS response of human adult stem cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultivated in vitro were challenged with sublethal HS. It was found that sublethal HS did not affect the cell viability assessed by annexin V/propidium staining. However, MSCs subjected to severe HS exhibited features of stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS): irreversible cell cycle arrest, altered morphology, increased expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, and induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein. High level of Hsp70 accumulation induced by sublethal HS did not return to the basal level, at least, after 72 h of the cell recovery when most cells exhibited SIPS hallmarks. MSCs survived sublethal HS, and resumed proliferation sustained the properties of parental MSCs: diploid karyotype, replicative senescence, expression of the cell surface markers, and capacity for multilineage differentiation. Our results showed for the first time that in human MSCs, sublethal HS induced premature senescence rather than apoptosis or necrosis. MSC progeny that survived sublethal HS manifested stem cell properties of the parental cells: limited replicative life span and multilineage capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alisa P. Domnina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Valery V. Zenin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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11
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Chen HM, Wang PH, Chen SS, Wen CC, Chen YH, Yang WC, Yang NS. Shikonin induces immunogenic cell death in tumor cells and enhances dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1989-2002. [PMID: 22527248 PMCID: PMC11029192 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death is characterized by damage-associated molecular patterns, which can enhance the maturation and antigen uptake of dendritic cells. Shikonin, an anti-inflammatory and antitumor phytochemical, was exploited here as an adjuvant for dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines via induction of immunogenic cell death. Shikonin can effectively activate both receptor- and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and increase the expression of all five tested damage-associated molecular patterns in the resultant tumor cell lysates. The combination treatment with damage-associated molecular patterns and LPS activates dendritic cells to a high maturation status and enhances the priming of Th1/Th17 effector cells. Shikonin-tumor cell lysate-loaded mature dendritic cells exhibit a high level of CD86 and MHC class II and activate Th1 cells. The shikonin-tumor cell lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccines result in a strong induction of cytotoxic activity of splenocytes against target tumor cells, a retardation in tumor growth, and an increase in the survival of test mice. The much enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy of the current cancer vaccine formulation, that is, the use of shikonin-treated tumor cells as cell lysates for the pulse of dendritic cells in culture, may suggest a new ex vivo approach for developing individualized, dendritic cells-based anticancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pi-Hsueh Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Swey-Shen Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Allergy and Vaccinology, IGE Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92131 USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92037 USA
| | - Chih-Chun Wen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Hsiang Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chin Yang
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ning-Sun Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Sinica Rd. Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Alekseenko LL, Zemelko VI, Zenin VV, Pugovkina NA, Kozhukharova IV, Kovaleva ZV, Grinchuk TM, Fridlyanskaya II, Nikolsky NN. Heat shock induces apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells but a premature senescence phenotype in their differentiated progeny. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:3260-9. [PMID: 22895173 DOI: 10.4161/cc.21595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are able to self-renew and to differentiate into any cell type. To escape error transmission to future cell progeny, ESC require robust mechanisms to ensure genomic stability. It was stated that stress defense of mouse and human ESC against oxidative stress and irradiation is superior compared with differentiated cells. Here, we investigated heat shock response of human ESC (hESC) and their differentiated progeny. Fibroblast-like cells were generated by spontaneous hESC differentiation via embryoid bodies. Like normal human diploid fibroblasts, these cells have a finite lifespan in culture, undergo replicative senescence and die. We found that sublethal heat shock affected survival of both cell types, but in hESC it induced apoptosis, whereas in differentiated cells it produced cell cycle arrest and premature senescence phenotype. Heat shock survived hESC and differentiated cells restored the properties of initial cells. Heated hESC progeny exhibited pluripotent markers and the capacity to differentiate into the cells of three germ layers. Fibroblast-like cells resisted heat shock, proliferated for a limited number of passages and entered replicative senescence as unheated parental cells. Taken together, these results show for the first time that both hESC and their differentiated derivatives are sensitive to heat shock, but the mechanisms of their stress response are different: hESC undergo apoptosis, whereas differentiated cells under the same conditions exhibit stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) phenotype. Both cell types that survived sublethal heat shock sustain parental cell properties.
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De Maio A. Extracellular heat shock proteins, cellular export vesicles, and the Stress Observation System: a form of communication during injury, infection, and cell damage. It is never known how far a controversial finding will go! Dedicated to Ferruccio Ritossa. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:235-49. [PMID: 20963644 PMCID: PMC3077223 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsp) have been found to play a fundamental role in the recovery from multiple stress conditions and to offer protection from subsequent insults. The function of hsp during stress goes beyond their intracellular localization and chaperone role as they have been detected outside cells activating signaling pathways. Extracellular hsp are likely to act as indicators of the stress conditions, priming other cells, particularly of the immune system, to avoid the propagation of the insult. Some extracellular hsp, for instance Hsp70, are associated with export vesicles, displaying a robust activation of macrophages. We have coined the term Stress Observation System (SOS) for the mechanism for sensing extracellular hsp, which we propose is a form of cellular communication during stress conditions. An enigmatic and still poorly understood process is the mechanism for the release of hsp, which do not contain any consensus secretory signal. The export of hsp appears to be a very complex phenomenon encompassing different alternative pathways. Moreover, extracellular hsp may not come in a single flavor, but rather in a variety of physical conditions. This review addresses some of our current knowledge about the release and function of extracellular hsp, in particular those associated with vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Maio
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0739, USA.
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