1
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Matthews H, Noulin F. Unexpected encounter of the parasitic kind. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:904-919. [PMID: 31768219 PMCID: PMC6851008 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i11.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both parasitology and stem cell research are important disciplines in their own right. Parasites are a real threat to human health causing a broad spectrum of diseases and significant annual rates morbidity and mortality globally. Stem cell research, on the other hand, focuses on the potential for regenerative medicine for a range of diseases including cancer and regenerative therapies. Though these two topics might appear distant, there are some “unexpected encounters”. In this review, we summarise the various links between parasites and stem cells. First, we discuss how parasites’ own stem cells represent interesting models of regeneration that can be translated to human stem cell regeneration. Second, we explore the interactions between parasites and host stem cells during the course of infection. Third, we investigate from a clinical perspective, how stem cell regeneration can be exploited to help circumvent the damage induced by parasitic infection and its potential to serve as treatment options for parasitic diseases in the future. Finally, we discuss the importance of screening for pathogens during organ transplantation by presenting some clinical cases of parasitic infection following stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Matthews
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Noulin
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
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2
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Yang W, Chen Q, Xia R, Zhang Y, Shuai L, Lai J, You X, Jiang Y, Bie P, Zhang L, Zhang H, Bai L. A novel bioscaffold with naturally-occurring extracellular matrix promotes hepatocyte survival and vessel patency in mouse models of heterologous transplantation. Biomaterials 2018; 177:52-66. [PMID: 29885586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naïve decellularized liver scaffold (nDLS)-based tissue engineering has been impaired by the lack of a suitable extracellular matrix (ECM) to provide "active micro-environmental" support. AIM The present study aimed to examine whether a novel, regenerative DLS (rDLS) with an active ECM improves primary hepatocyte survival and prevents thrombosis. METHODS rDLS was obtained from a 30-55% partial hepatectomy that was maintained in vivo for 3-5 days and then perfused with detergent in vitro. Compared to nDLS generated from normal livers, rDLS possesses bioactive molecules due to the regenerative period in vivo. Primary mouse hepatocyte survival was evaluated by staining for Ki-67 and Trypan blue exclusion. Thrombosis was assessed by immunohistochemistry and ex vivo diluted whole-blood perfusion. Hemocompatibility was determined by near-infrared laser-Doppler flowmetry and heterotopic transplantation. RESULTS After recellularization, rDLS contained more Ki-67-positive primary hepatocytes than nDLS. rDLS had a higher oxygen saturation and blood flow velocity and a lower expression of integrin αIIb and α4 than nDLS. Tumor necrosis factor-α, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-10, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β were highly expressed throughout the rDLS, whereas expression of collagen-I, collagen-IV and thrombopoietin were lower in rDLS than in nDLS. Improved blood vessel patency was observed in rDLS both in vitro and in vivo. The results in mice were confirmed in large animals (pigs). CONCLUSION rDLS is an effective DLS with an "active microenvironment" that supports primary hepatocyte survival and promotes blood vessel patency. This is the first study to demonstrate a rDLS with a blood microvessel network that promotes hepatocyte survival and resists thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Quanyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Renpei Xia
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiejuan Lai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaolin You
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ping Bie
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Lianhua Bai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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3
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Hammam OA, Elkhafif N, Attia YM, Mansour MT, Elmazar MM, Abdelsalam RM, Kenawy SA, El-Khatib AS. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with praziquantel as a potential therapy for Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21005. [PMID: 26876222 PMCID: PMC4753476 DOI: 10.1038/srep21005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is one of the most serious consequences of S. mansoni infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential anti-fibrotic effect of human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) combined with praziquantel (PZQ) in S. mansoni-infected mice. S. mansoni-infected mice received early (8th week post infection) and late (16th week post infection) treatment with WJMSCs, alone and combined with oral PZQ. At the 10th month post infection, livers were collected for subsequent flow cytometric, histopathological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, gene expression, and gelatin zymographic studies. After transplantation, WJMSCs differentiated into functioning liver-like cells as evidenced by their ability to express human hepatocyte-specific markers. Regression of S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis was also observed in transplanted groups, as evidenced by histopathological, morphometric, and gelatin zymographic results besides decreased expression of three essential contributors to liver fibrosis in this particular model; alpha smooth muscle actin, collagen-I, and interleukin-13. PZQ additionally enhanced the beneficial effects observed in WJMSCs-treated groups. Our results suggest that combining WJMSCs to PZQ caused better enhancement in S. mansoni-induced liver fibrosis, compared to using each alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat A Hammam
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Elkhafif
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Mansour
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11712, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elmazar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Aiman S El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Yang L, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Effect of allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rat model of hepatic cirrhosis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2015; 35:63-8. [PMID: 25842730 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) transplantation, alone or in combination with tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) on hepatic cirrhosis in rats. METHODS A rat model of cirrhosis was established. Rats were divided into control, UCMSC, and UCSMC plus Tan IIA groups. Rats in the UCMSC group were injected via the tail vein with 0.2 mL Dil-labeled UCMSC suspension. Intraperitoneal Tan IIA injections (20 mg/kg) were started on the day of UCMSC transplantation in the UCMSC plus Tan IIA group, and continued for 7 consecutive days thereafter. Rats were sacrificed 1 day, 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after transplantation and the numbers of Dil-labeled UCMSCs colonizing the liver were determined. Albumin (ALB) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in venous blood, and mRNA and protein expression levels of human ALB and cytokeratin (CK)-18 in liver tissues were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Serum ALT levels were significantly lower and serum ALB levels significantly higher in rats in the UCMSC group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Hepatic CK-18 and ALB mRNA and protein expression levels increased after transplantation, and were significantly higher in the UCMSC plus Tan IIA group compared with the UCMSC group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Human UCMSCs transplanted into rats with liver cirrhosis can grow and differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells resulting in improved liver function in vivo. Tan IIA further influenced transplantation outcomes.
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5
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Wisgrill L, Schüller S, Bammer M, Berger A, Pollak A, Radke TF, Kögler G, Spittler A, Helmer H, Husslein P, Gortner L. Hematopoietic stem cells in neonates: any differences between very preterm and term neonates? PLoS One 2014; 9:e106717. [PMID: 25181353 PMCID: PMC4152327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decades, human full-term cord blood was extensively investigated as a potential source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Despite the growing interest of regenerative therapies in preterm neonates, only little is known about the biological function of HSPCs from early preterm neonates under different perinatal conditions. Therefore, we investigated the concentration, the clonogenic capacity and the influence of obstetric/perinatal complications and maternal history on HSPC subsets in preterm and term cord blood. Methods CD34+ HSPC subsets in UCB of 30 preterm and 30 term infants were evaluated by flow cytometry. Clonogenic assays suitable for detection of the proliferative potential of HSPCs were conducted. Furthermore, we analyzed the clonogenic potential of isolated HSPCs according to the stem cell marker CD133 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. Results Preterm cord blood contained a significantly higher concentration of circulating CD34+ HSPCs, especially primitive progenitors, than term cord blood. The clonogenic capacity of HSPCs was enhanced in preterm cord blood. Using univariate analysis, the number and clonogenic potential of circulating UCB HSPCs was influenced by gestational age, birth weight and maternal age. Multivariate analysis showed that main factors that significantly influenced the HSPC count were maternal age, gestational age and white blood cell count. Further, only gestational age significantly influenced the clonogenic potential of UCB HSPCs. Finally, isolated CD34+/CD133+, CD34+/CD133– and ALDHhigh HSPC obtained from preterm cord blood showed a significantly higher clonogenic potential compared to term cord blood. Conclusion We demonstrate that preterm cord blood exhibits a higher HSPC concentration and increased clonogenic capacity compared to term neonates. These data may imply an emerging use of HSPCs in autologous stem cell therapy in preterm neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wisgrill
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care & Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Schüller
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care & Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Bammer
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care & Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care & Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arnold Pollak
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Paediatric Intensive Care & Neuropaediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teja Falk Radke
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gesine Kögler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Spittler
- Department of Surgery, Research Labs & Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanns Helmer
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Husslein
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludwig Gortner
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- * E-mail:
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6
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The progression of the tubulointerstitial fibrosis driven by stress-induced “proliferation–death” vicious circle. Med Hypotheses 2014; 82:643-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Dong X, Sun B, Zhao X, Liu Z, Gu Q, Zhang D, Zhao N, Wang J, Chi J. Expression of relative-protein of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in vasculogenesis of mouse embryo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:4. [PMID: 25984487 PMCID: PMC4376343 DOI: 10.1186/2241-5793-21-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Physiological vasculogenesis in embryonic tissues share some important features with pathological neoangiogenesis in tumors. Linearly Patterned Programmed Cell Necrosis (LPPCN) and Vasculogenic Mimicry (VM) have been reported in tumors. The term VM refers to the aggressive tumor cells with CD31-negative phenotype to form Periodic Αcid Schiff (PAS)-positive network, that mimics the pattern of embryonic vasculogenic networks. LPPCN had been observed in our laboratory, and served as a spatial infrastructure for VM and endothelium-dependent vessel formation. Studies have been shown that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) can induce tumor cells to form vessel-like tubes and express genes associated with VM. Therefore, an analogous investigation has been carried out to determine if these patterns existed in mouse embryonic vasculogenesis. Results In this essay, the results demonstrated that the number of Linearly Patterned Cell Αpoptosis (LPCA), embryo Vasculogenic Μimicry (embryo VM), endothelium-dependent vessels, and relative-protein of HIF-1α expression all showed time-dependent tendencies on E5.5-E9.5 (p < 0.05). The proteins CD133, VEGF, Twist, E-cadherin, and Vimentin showed local plexus distribution on E6.5-E7.5 (p < 0.05). Conclusions LPCA and embryo VM existed in embryonic vasculogenesis. The relative protein of HIF-1α regulated the mouse embryonic vasculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Dong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Baocun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Jinjing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Jiadong Chi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China
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8
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Fawzy SA, El-Din Abo-Elnou RK, Abd-El-Maksoud El-Deeb DF, Yousry Abd-Elkader MM. The possible role of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in the repair of experimentally induced colitis in male albino rats. Int J Stem Cells 2014; 6:92-103. [PMID: 24386553 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2013.6.2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Colitis is inflammation of the colon which can be transmural or confined to the mucosa. Colitis may be acute or chronic. In case of serious intestinal discontinuity of epithelium, the regeneration capacity of local stem cells is not enough to complete tissue repair. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) migrate into the gastrointestinal wall, where they may contribute to the repair progress. The present study aimed at evaluating the possible therapeutic effect of MSCs on induced colitis in albino rat. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty male albino rats were divided into 3 groups (control, colitis, MSCs), control group (4 rats), colitis group (8 rats) received once intra-rectal injection of 2 ml of 3% acetic acid. MSCs therapy group (8 rats) injected with MSCs 24 hours after colitis induction. In each group, rats were subdivided into subgroups (a & b). Subgroup (a) corresponds to rats sacrificed 3 days and subgroup (b) corresponds to rats sacrificed 10 days after colitis induction. Isolation and culture of MSCs from rat bone marrow were performed. Colon sections were examined using light and fluorescent microscopy. Colon specimens were subjected to histological, morphometric and statistical studies. In colitis group, ulceration, loss of surface columnar epithelium, disturbed crypts architecture with few goblet cells and huge lymphatic nodule piercing the muscularis mucosa were reported. In stem cell therapy group, MSCs stimulate colonic repair through differentiation into several cells and dampen the inflammation. CONCLUSIONS MSCs represent future therapeutic hopes for intestinal injury and chronic intestinal inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohair Ahmed Fawzy
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ichim TE, Warbington T, Cristea O, Chin JL, Patel AN. Intracavernous administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells: a new method of treating erectile dysfunction? J Transl Med 2013; 11:139. [PMID: 23758954 PMCID: PMC3718667 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While PDE5 inhibitors have revolutionized treatment of ED, approximately 30% of patients are non-responsive. A significant cause of this is vascular and smooth muscle dysfunction, as well as nerve atrophy. Autologous administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) has been performed in over 2000 cardiac patients without adverse effects, for stimulation of angiogenesis/regeneration. Despite its ease of access, and dependence on effective vasculature for function, comparatively little has been perform in terms of BMMC therapy for ED. Here we outline the rationale for use of autologous BMMC in patients with ED, as well as provide early safety data on the first use of this procedure clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Ichim
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, USA.
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Pohl A, El-Khoueiry A, Yang D, Zhang W, Lurje G, Ning Y, Winder T, Hu-Lieskoven S, Iqbal S, Danenberg KD, Kahn M, Teo JL, Shriki J, Stebbing J, Lenz HJ. Pharmacogenetic profiling of CD133 is associated with response rate (RR) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), treated with bevacizumab-based chemotherapy. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2013; 13:173-80. [PMID: 22231565 PMCID: PMC3326190 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2011.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest CD133, a surface protein widely used for isolation of colon cancer stem cells, to be associated with tumor angiogenesis and recurrence. We hypothesized that gene expression levels and germline variations in CD133 will predict clinical outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), treated in first-line setting with 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab (BV), and we investigated whether there is a correlation with gene expression levels of CD133, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors. We evaluated intra-tumoral gene expression levels by quantitative real-time (RT) PCR from 54 patients and three germline variants of the CD133 gene by PCR-restriction-fragment length polymorphism from 91 patients with genomic DNA. High gene expression levels of CD133 (>7.76) conferred a significantly greater tumor response (RR=86%) than patients with low expression levels (7.76, RR=38%, adjusted P=0.003), independent of VEGF or its receptor gene expression levels. Gene expression levels of CD133 were significantly associated with VEGF and its receptors messenger RNA levels (VEGFR-1 (P<0.01), -2 and -3, P<0.05). Combined analyses of two polymorphisms showed a significant association with progression-free survival (PFS) (18.5 months vs 9.8 months, P=0.004) in a multivariate analysis as an independent prognostic factor for PFS (adjusted P=0.002). These results suggest that CD133 is a predictive marker for standard first-line BV-based treatment in mCRC.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Bevacizumab
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Fluorouracil/administration & dosage
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Glycoproteins/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/pharmacokinetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pohl
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Anthony El-Khoueiry
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Dongyun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wu Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Georg Lurje
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Yan Ning
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Thomas Winder
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Siwen Hu-Lieskoven
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Sima Iqbal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | | | - Michael Kahn
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California/Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jia-Ling Teo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California/Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jabi Shriki
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Department of Oncology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sharon A. Carpenter Laboratory, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
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11
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Preininger B, Duda G, Gerigk H, Bruckner J, Ellinghaus A, Sass FA, Perka C, Schmidt-Bleek K, Dienelt A. CD133: enhancement of bone healing by local transplantation of peripheral blood cells in a biologically delayed rat osteotomy model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52650. [PMID: 23457441 PMCID: PMC3573035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sufficient angiogenesis is crucial during tissue regeneration and therefore also pivotal in bone defect healing. Recently, peripheral blood derived progenitor cells have been identified to have in addition to their angiogenic potential also osteogenic characteristics, leading to the hypothesis that bone regeneration could be stimulated by local administration of these cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the angiogenic potential of locally administered progenitor cells to improve bone defect healing. Cells were separated from the peripheral blood of donor animals using the markers CD34 and CD133. Results of the in vitro experiments confirmed high angiogenic potential in the CD133(+) cell group. CD34(+) and CD133(+) cells were tested in an in vivo rat femoral defect model of delayed healing for their positive effect on the healing outcome. An increased callus formation and higher bone mineral density of callus tissue was found after the CD133(+) cell treatment compared to the group treated with CD34(+) cells and the control group without cells. Histological findings confirmed an increase in vessel formation and mineralization at day 42 in the osteotomy gap after CD133(+) cell transplantation. The higher angiogenic potential of CD133(+) cells from the in vitro experients therefore correlates with the in vivo data. This study demonstrates the suitability of angiogenic precursors to further bone healing and gives an indication that peripheral blood is a promising source for progenitor cells circumventing the problems associated with bone marrow extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Preininger
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Orthopaedic Department, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Duda
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Hinnerk Gerigk
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Bruckner
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Ellinghaus
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Andrea Sass
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Orthopaedic Department, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Dienelt
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wood JA, Colletti E, Mead LE, Ingram D, Porada CD, Zanjani ED, Yoder MC, Almeida-Porada G. Distinct contribution of human cord blood-derived endothelial colony forming cells to liver and gut in a fetal sheep model. Hepatology 2012; 56:1086-96. [PMID: 22488442 PMCID: PMC3396735 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although the vasculogenic potential of circulating and cord blood (CB)-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, little is known about the inherent biologic ability of these cells to home to different organs and contribute to tissue-specific cell populations. Here we used a fetal sheep model of in utero transplantation to investigate and compare the intrinsic ability of human CB-derived ECFC to migrate to the liver and to the intestine, and to define ECFC's intrinsic ability to integrate and contribute to the cytoarchitecture of these same organs. ECFCs were transplanted by an intraperitoneal or intrahepatic route (IH) into fetal sheep at concentrations ranging from 1.1-2.6 × 10(6) cells/fetus. Recipients were evaluated at 85 days posttransplant for donor (human) cells using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. We found that, regardless of the route of injection, and despite the IH delivery of ECFC, the overall liver engraftment was low, but a significant percentage of cells were located in the perivascular regions and retained the expression of hallmark endothelial makers. By contrast, ECFC migrated preferentially to the intestinal crypt region and contributed significantly to the myofibroblast population. Furthermore, ECFC expressing CD133 and CD117 lodged in areas where endogenous cells expressed those same phenotypes. CONCLUSION ECFC inherently constitute a potential source of cells for the treatment of intestinal diseases, but strategies to increase the numbers of ECFC persisting within the hepatic parenchyma are needed in order to enhance ECFC therapeutic potential for this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Wood
- Dept. of Animal Biotechnology, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - Evan Colletti
- Dept. of Animal Biotechnology, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - Laura E. Mead
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - David Ingram
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | | | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
,Corresponding Authors: Graça Almeida-Porada, M.D., Ph.D., Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083 USA. Phone: (336) 713-1630; FAX: (336) 713-7290 Mervin C. Yoder, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind., USA Phone: (317) 274-4738; FAX: (317) 274-8679
| | - Graça Almeida-Porada
- Dept. of Animal Biotechnology, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
,Corresponding Authors: Graça Almeida-Porada, M.D., Ph.D., Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083 USA. Phone: (336) 713-1630; FAX: (336) 713-7290 Mervin C. Yoder, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind., USA Phone: (317) 274-4738; FAX: (317) 274-8679
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13
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Hematopoietic stem cell development, niches, and signaling pathways. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2012; 2012:270425. [PMID: 22900188 PMCID: PMC3413998 DOI: 10.1155/2012/270425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a key role in hematopoietic system that functions mainly in homeostasis and immune response. HSCs transplantation has been applied for the treatment of several diseases. However, HSCs persist in the small quantity within the body, mostly in the quiescent state. Understanding the basic knowledge of HSCs is useful for stem cell biology research and therapeutic medicine development. Thus, this paper emphasizes on HSC origin, source, development, the niche, and signaling pathways which support HSC maintenance and balance between self-renewal and proliferation which will be useful for the advancement of HSC expansion and transplantation in the future.
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Bajpai VK, Andreadis ST. Stem cell sources for vascular tissue engineering and regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:405-25. [PMID: 22571595 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the stem cell sources with the potential to be used in vascular tissue engineering and to promote vascular regeneration. The first clinical studies using tissue-engineered vascular grafts are already under way, supporting the potential of this technology in the treatment of cardiovascular and other diseases. Despite progress in engineering biomaterials with the appropriate mechanical properties and biological cues as well as bioreactors for generating the correct tissue microenvironment, the source of cells that make up the vascular tissues remains a major challenge for tissue engineers and physicians. Mature cells from the tissue of origin may be difficult to obtain and suffer from limited proliferative capacity, which may further decline as a function of donor age. On the other hand, multipotent and pluripotent stem cells have great potential to provide large numbers of autologous cells with a great differentiation capacity. Here, we discuss the adult multipotent as well as embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, their differentiation potential toward vascular lineages, and their use in engineering functional and implantable vascular tissues. We also discuss the associated challenges that need to be addressed in order to facilitate the transition of this technology from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Bajpai
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, New York 14260-4200, USA
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15
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Rodriguez JP, Murphy MP, Hong S, Madrigal M, March KL, Minev B, Harman RJ, Chen CS, Timmons RB, Marleau AM, Riordan NH. Autologous stromal vascular fraction therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: rationale and clinical safety. Int Arch Med 2012; 5:5. [PMID: 22313603 PMCID: PMC3296619 DOI: 10.1186/1755-7682-5-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment protocols and introduction of targeted biological therapies have markedly improved patient outcomes, despite this, up to 50% of patients still fail to achieve a significant clinical response. In veterinary medicine, stem cell therapy in the form of autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is an accepted therapeutic modality for degenerative conditions with 80% improvement and no serious treatment associated adverse events reported. Clinical translation of SVF therapy relies on confirmation of veterinary findings in targeted patient populations. Here we describe the rationale and preclinical data supporting the use of autologous SVF in treatment of RA, as well as provide 1, 3, 6, and 13 month safety outcomes in 13 RA patients treated with this approach.
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Mifflin RC, Pinchuk IV, Saada JI, Powell DW. Intestinal myofibroblasts: targets for stem cell therapy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 300:G684-96. [PMID: 21252048 PMCID: PMC3094146 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00474.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The subepithelial intestinal myofibroblast is an important cell orchestrating many diverse functions in the intestine and is involved in growth and repair, tumorigenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The myofibroblast is but one of several α-smooth muscle actin-positive (α-SMA(+)) mesenchymal cells present within the intestinal lamina propria, including vascular pericytes, bone marrow-derived stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells or hematopoietic stem cells), muscularis mucosae, and the lymphatic pericytes (colon) and organized smooth muscle (small intestine) associated with the lymphatic lacteals. These other mesenchymal cells perform many of the functions previously attributed to subepithelial myofibroblasts. This review discusses the definition of a myofibroblast and reconsiders whether the α-SMA(+) subepithelial cells in the intestine are myofibroblasts or other types of mesenchymal cells, i.e., pericytes. Current information about specific, or not so specific, molecular markers of lamina propria mesenchymal cells is reviewed, as well as the origins of intestinal myofibroblasts and pericytes in the intestinal lamina propria and their replenishment after injury. Current concepts and research on stem cell therapy for intestinal inflammation are summarized. Information about the stem cell origin of intestinal stromal cells may inform future stem cell therapies to treat human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D. W. Powell
- Departments of 1Internal Medicine and ,2Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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