1
|
Nguyen L, Mess C, Schneider SW, Huck V, Herberger K. In vivo characterization of laser-assisted delivery of hyaluronic acid using multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:2131-2137. [PMID: 37846872 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) is a treatment method to enhance the penetration of pharmaceuticals through the skin. The aim of the present study is to track hyaluronic acid (HA) and analyse its effect on human skin in vivo after ablative fractional laser (AFL) treatment. Healthy male and female subjects were recruited. Four areas were marked on their forearms of each volunteer, and each area was assigned to one of the following treatment options: AFL + HA, AFL only, HA only or untreated control. A carbon dioxide laser was used for the AFL treatment. Follow-up measurements were scheduled 30 min and 30 days after treatment using multiphoton tomography equipped with fluorescence lifetime imaging (MPT-FLIM). A total of 11 subjects completed the study. By detecting fluorescence lifetimes, the HA and the anaesthetic ointment were clearly distinguishable from surrounding tissue. After AFL treatment, HA could be visualized in all epidermal and upper dermal layers. In contrast, HA in intact skin was only detected in the superficial layers at distinctly lower levels. The applied HA gel seemed to have beneficial properties for the wound healing process after laser treatment. LADD has proven to be a fast and effective method to increase HA uptake into the skin, allowing for improved hydration and skin rejuvenation over time. Furthermore, LADD could be a beneficial treatment option in laser resurfacing. MPT-FLIM proved to be an appropriate diagnostic tool for drug delivery tracking and monitoring of treatment response for individualized therapy adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynhda Nguyen
- Laser Department, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Mess
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan W Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Huck
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Herberger
- Laser Department, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen KJ, Han Y, Wang ZY, Cui Y. Submicron resolution techniques: Multiphoton microscopy in skin disease. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1613-1623. [PMID: 37522747 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive optical examination plays a crucial role in various aspects of dermatology, such as diagnosis, management and research. Multiphoton microscopy uses a unique submicron technology to stimulate autofluorescence (AF), allowing for the observation of cellular structure, assessment of redox status and quantification of collagen fibres. This advanced imaging technique offers dermatologists novel insights into the skin's structure, positioning it as a promising 'stethoscope' for future development in the field. This review provides an overview of multiphoton microscopy's principles, technology and application in studying normal skin, tumour and inflammatory diseases, as well as collagen-related and pigmentary diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Darvin ME. Optical Methods for Non-Invasive Determination of Skin Penetration: Current Trends, Advances, Possibilities, Prospects, and Translation into In Vivo Human Studies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2272. [PMID: 37765241 PMCID: PMC10538180 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Information on the penetration depth, pathways, metabolization, storage of vehicles, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and functional cosmetic ingredients (FCIs) of topically applied formulations or contaminants (substances) in skin is of great importance for understanding their interaction with skin targets, treatment efficacy, and risk assessment-a challenging task in dermatology, cosmetology, and pharmacy. Non-invasive methods for the qualitative and quantitative visualization of substances in skin in vivo are favored and limited to optical imaging and spectroscopic methods such as fluorescence/reflectance confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); two-photon tomography (2PT) combined with autofluorescence (2PT-AF), fluorescence lifetime imaging (2PT-FLIM), second-harmonic generation (SHG), coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), and reflectance confocal microscopy (2PT-RCM); three-photon tomography (3PT); confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy (CRM); surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) micro-spectroscopy; stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy; and optical coherence tomography (OCT). This review summarizes the state of the art in the use of the CLSM, 2PT, 3PT, CRM, SERS, SRS, and OCT optical methods to study skin penetration in vivo non-invasively (302 references). The advantages, limitations, possibilities, and prospects of the reviewed optical methods are comprehensively discussed. The ex vivo studies discussed are potentially translatable into in vivo measurements. The requirements for the optical properties of substances to determine their penetration into skin by certain methods are highlighted.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lu Y, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Pan M, He H. An optical system for noninvasive microscopy of psoriatic mice in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200310. [PMID: 36519190 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involved with both complex morphological changes of skin and immune processes. The clinical diagnostics and research of psoriasis often require invasive biopsy which lacks their real-time dynamics in vivo. Here we report a noninvasive microscopic system developed by combining in vivo fluorescent microscopy, optical clearing, and immunolabeling to enable real-time imaging of immune cells and cytokines in blood flow in psoriatic animal models. The vascular morphology and time-lapse kinetics of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α, and CD4+ cells in blood are captured at submicron resolution through the thickening epidermis and opaque scales during the development of psoriasis in vivo. Our data suggest IL-23 recruits CD4+ cells to release IL-17 in blood that further leaks out in the psoriatic skin area. This optical system enables noninvasive and real-time assessment of immune molecules and cells in vivo, providing good potential for medical researches on psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lentsch G, Baugh EG, Lee B, Aszterbaum M, Zachary CB, Kelly KM, Balu M. Research Techniques Made Simple: Emerging Imaging Technologies for Noninvasive Optical Biopsy of Human Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:1243-1252.e1. [PMID: 35461534 PMCID: PMC9802025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, high-resolution optical imaging technologies such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) have advanced significantly as new methodologies for clinical research and for real-time detection, diagnosis, and therapy monitoring of skin diseases. Implementation of these technologies into clinical research and practice requires clinicians to have an understanding of their capabilities, benefits, and limitations. This concise review provides insights on the application of OCT, RCM, and MPM for clinical skin imaging through images acquired in vivo from the same lesions. The presented data are limited to pigmented lesions and basal cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Lentsch
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Erica G. Baugh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bonnie Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michelle Aszterbaum
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Kristen M. Kelly
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Mihaela Balu
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ud-Din S, Bayat A. Noninvasive Objective Tools for Quantitative Assessment of Skin Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:132-149. [PMID: 33966482 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Many treatments are utilized in the management of skin scarring; however, difficulties arise due to the high rates of recurrence and the identification of treatment efficacy in each patient, in particular, in the case of raised dermal scarring. Therefore, evaluation of treatments and the provision of objective scar assessment pre-therapy and post-therapy is of paramount importance to identify changes in scar characteristics using noninvasive devices. Recent Advances: There have been a number of emerging noninvasive objective quantitative devices, which assess specific scar parameters such as pliability, volume, color, perfusion, and depth. These can include three-dimensional imaging, optical coherence tomography, in vivo confocal microscopy, full-field laser perfusion imaging, and spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis. Critical Issues: Clinical assessment and grading scales are most commonly used to assess scarring; however, there is a need for more objective quantitative measures to monitor their maturation and response to therapy. Currently, there is no consensus as to which objective measuring device is most optimal when assessing skin scarring. There is a need for a predictor tool that allows early implementation of treatment and addresses diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. Future Directions: Validation of noninvasive objective scar assessment tools is essential as well as further development of technologies. There are currently more modalities that assess physical scar characteristics and only few that measure the physiological parameters. Therefore, the development of a technology that quantifies the metabolic and cellular activity in skin scars is necessary to allow for bespoke strategies for each patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ud-Din
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
- MRC-SA Wound Healing Unit, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Progress in the application of reflectance confocal microscopy in dermatology. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2021; 38:709-715. [PMID: 34849113 PMCID: PMC8610039 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is abbreviated as skin three-dimensional computed tomography, which can help clearly observe the structure of the epidermis and superficial dermis. It is a non-invasive skin disease examination method and provides fast access to real-time, dynamic skin micro-anatomical images. Therefore, RCM is widely used in the clinical diagnosis of skin diseases. For example, the RCM features of vitiligo are as follows: pigment loss or partial pigment loss in the lesion area, loss of the basal layer pigment ring. The RCM findings of Riehl melanosis are as follows: basal cell liquefaction and degeneration. The RCM results for verruca plana show: the Rose-like structure. The characteristics of psoriasis under RCM include: hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, thickening of the spinous layer, capillary dilatation and hyperaemia, peripheral inflammatory cell infiltration. Epidermal brain-like structure was observed under RCM of seborrheic keratosis. With RCM, image acquisition and preservation of the skin is convenient, and the technique is convenient for comparing the development of lesions during long-term follow-up observation. Therefore, it helps to understand disease development in real time and dynamically and can be used to evaluate the curative effect. In this article, we briefly review the technical principles, diagnostic criteria for RCM application and RCM-related research progress in the diagnosis of pigmentary diseases, inflammatory diseases, skin tumours, and other common skin diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu Y, Wang S, Xu H, He H, Pan M. Real-time vascular and IgA dynamics during Henoch-Schönlein purpura by in vivo fluorescent microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7826-7834. [PMID: 35003869 PMCID: PMC8713681 DOI: 10.1364/boe.442454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a typical cutaneous immune skin disease, usually diagnosed by invasive biopsy. In this study, we develop a noninvasive optical method by combining in vivo optical clearing, confocal microscopy and immune-staining together to present the real-time in vivo dynamics of blood vessels, IgA molecules, and T cells in a HSP rat model. The small vessels in the skin are found with acute damage and then hyperplasia, which enhances deposition of IgA complexes in blood vessels. The migrating T cells in blood vessels in HSP regions can be detected by setting fast line scanning in this method. Our method provides in vivo vascular, cellular, and molecular dynamics during HSP development and is thus of great potential in research and diagnosis of HSP and other skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyang Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee M, Kannan S, Muniraj G, Rosa V, Lu WF, Fuh JYH, Sriram G, Cao T. Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy and Applications in Angiogenesis and Related Molecular Events. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:926-937. [PMID: 34541887 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in health and disease have gained considerable momentum in recent years. Visualizing angiogenic patterns and associated events of surrounding vascular beds in response to therapeutic and laboratory-grade biomolecules have become a commonplace in regenerative medicine and the biosciences. To aid imaging investigations in angiogenesis, the two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy (2PEF), or multiphoton fluorescence microscopy is increasingly utilized in scientific investigations. The 2PEF microscope confers several distinct imaging advantages over other fluorescence excitation microscopy techniques - for the observation of in-depth, three-dimensional vascularity in a variety of tissue formats, including fixed tissue specimens and in vivo vasculature in live specimens. Understanding morphological and subcellular changes that occur in cells and tissues during angiogenesis will provide insights to behavioral responses in diseased states, advance the engineering of physiologically-relevant tissue models and provide biochemical clues for the design of therapeutic strategies. We review the applicability and limitations of the 2PEF microscope on the biophysical and molecular-level signatures of angiogenesis in various tissue models. Imaging techniques and strategies for best practices in 2PEF microscopy will be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sathya Kannan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giridharan Muniraj
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Y H Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Peñate Medina T, Kolb JP, Hüttmann G, Huber R, Peñate Medina O, Ha L, Ulloa P, Larsen N, Ferrari A, Rafecas M, Ellrichmann M, Pravdivtseva MS, Anikeeva M, Humbert J, Both M, Hundt JE, Hövener JB. Imaging Inflammation - From Whole Body Imaging to Cellular Resolution. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692222. [PMID: 34248987 PMCID: PMC8264453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging techniques have evolved impressively lately, allowing whole new concepts like multimodal imaging, personal medicine, theranostic therapies, and molecular imaging to increase general awareness of possiblities of imaging to medicine field. Here, we have collected the selected (3D) imaging modalities and evaluated the recent findings on preclinical and clinical inflammation imaging. The focus has been on the feasibility of imaging to aid in inflammation precision medicine, and the key challenges and opportunities of the imaging modalities are presented. Some examples of the current usage in clinics/close to clinics have been brought out as an example. This review evaluates the future prospects of the imaging technologies for clinical applications in precision medicine from the pre-clinical development point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tuula Peñate Medina, ; Jan-Bernd Hövener,
| | - Jan Philip Kolb
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gereon Hüttmann
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Robert Huber
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (IET), University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Linh Ha
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Lübeck (UKSH), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patricia Ulloa
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Naomi Larsen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arianna Ferrari
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Magdalena Rafecas
- Institute of Medical Engineering (IMT), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mark Ellrichmann
- Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Department1, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mariya S. Pravdivtseva
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mariia Anikeeva
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Humbert
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Both
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jennifer E. Hundt
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tuula Peñate Medina, ; Jan-Bernd Hövener,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ha L, Hundt JE. Optical coherence tomography for fast bedside imaging, assessment and monitoring of autoimmune inflammatory skin diseases? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2020; 18:937-942. [PMID: 32945586 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, high-resolution imaging technique with a growing impact in dermatology. The principle of OCT is comparable to that of sonography, except that it uses infrared laser light instead of ultrasound waves. It has been clinically demonstrated that OCT is suitable for discriminating between different types of non-melanoma skin cancer at an early stage of disease. Optical coherence tomography generates two- or three-dimensional images of up to 2 mm penetration depth, a field of view of 6 mm × 6 mm, and an acquisition time of seconds. The resolution capability of OCT is more than 3 to 100 times higher than that of ultrasound imaging. It is of particular interest that the additional information on vasculature provided by OCT angiography enables the assessment and monitoring of inflammatory skin diseases. The use of OCT to locate exact blister levels was demonstrated for diagnosing autoimmune bullous diseases. It is anticipated that detection of subclinical lesions could indicate a relapse of the disease. In the future, this could enable intervention and early treatment. Furthermore, the development of high-speed OCT could allow fast scanning and bedside imaging of large body sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linh Ha
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jennifer E Hundt
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ha L, Hundt JE. Optische Kohärenztomographie für die schnelle Bildgebung, Beurteilung und Überwachung entzündlicher Autoimmunerkrankungen der Haut am Krankenbett? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2020; 18:937-942. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14266_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linh Ha
- Klinik für Dermatologie Allergologie und Venerologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig‐ Holstein Lübeck
| | - Jennifer E. Hundt
- Lübecker Institut für Experimentelle Dermatologie Universität zu Lübeck
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Attia ABE, Bi R, Dev K, Du Y, Olivo M. Clinical noninvasive imaging and spectroscopic tools for dermatological applications: Review of recent progress. TRANSLATIONAL BIOPHOTONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tbio.202000010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amalina Binte Ebrahim Attia
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Renzhe Bi
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Kapil Dev
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Malini Olivo
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Assessing the severity of psoriasis through multivariate analysis of optical images from non-lesional skin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9154. [PMID: 32513976 PMCID: PMC7280219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with psoriasis represent a heterogeneous population with individualized disease expression. Psoriasis can be monitored through gold standard histopathology of biopsy specimens that are painful and permanently scar. A common associated measure is the use of non-invasive assessment of the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) or similarly derived clinical assessment based scores. However, heterogeneous manifestations of the disease lead to specific PASI scores being poorly reproducible and not easily associated with clinical severity, complicating the efforts to monitor the disease. To address this issue, we developed a methodology for non-invasive automated assessment of the severity of psoriasis using optical imaging. Our analysis shows that two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging permits the identification of biomarkers present in both lesional and non-lesional skin that correlate with psoriasis severity. This ability to measure changes in lesional and healthy-appearing skin provides a new pathway for independent monitoring of both the localized and systemic effects of the disease. Non-invasive optical imaging was conducted on lesions and non-lesional (pseudo-control) skin of 33 subjects diagnosed with psoriasis, lesional skin of 7 subjects diagnosed with eczema, and healthy skin of 18 control subjects. Statistical feature extraction was combined with principal component analysis to analyze pairs of two-photon fluorescence lifetime images of stratum basale and stratum granulosum layers of skin. We found that psoriasis is associated with biochemical and structural changes in non-lesional skin that can be assessed using clinically available two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopy systems.
Collapse
|
15
|
Huttunen MJ, Hristu R, Dumitru A, Floroiu I, Costache M, Stanciu SG. Multiphoton microscopy of the dermoepidermal junction and automated identification of dysplastic tissues with deep learning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:186-199. [PMID: 32010509 PMCID: PMC6968761 DOI: 10.1364/boe.11.000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Histopathological image analysis performed by a trained expert is currently regarded as the gold-standard for the diagnostics of many pathologies, including cancers. However, such approaches are laborious, time consuming and contain a risk for bias or human error. There is thus a clear need for faster, less intrusive and more accurate diagnostic solutions, requiring also minimal human intervention. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) can alleviate some of the drawbacks specific to traditional histopathology by exploiting various endogenous optical signals to provide virtual biopsies that reflect the architecture and composition of tissues, both in-vivo or ex-vivo. Here we show that MPM imaging of the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) in unstained fixed tissues provides useful cues for a histopathologist to identify the onset of non-melanoma skin cancers. Furthermore, we show that MPM images collected on the DEJ, besides being easy to interpret by a trained specialist, can be automatically classified into healthy and dysplastic classes with high precision using a Deep Learning method and existing pre-trained convolutional neural networks. Our results suggest that deep learning enhanced MPM for in-vivo skin cancer screening could facilitate timely diagnosis and intervention, enabling thus more optimal therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikko J. Huttunen
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Radu Hristu
- Center for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Adrian Dumitru
- Department of Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Iustin Floroiu
- Center for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Costache
- Department of Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pena AM, Chen X, Pence IJ, Bornschlögl T, Jeong S, Grégoire S, Luengo GS, Hallegot P, Obeidy P, Feizpour A, Chan KF, Evans CL. Imaging and quantifying drug delivery in skin - Part 2: Fluorescence andvibrational spectroscopic imaging methods. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 153:147-168. [PMID: 32217069 PMCID: PMC7483684 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the delivery and diffusion of topically-applied drugs on human skin is of paramount importance in both pharmaceutical and cosmetics research. This information is critical in early stages of drug development and allows the identification of the most promising ingredients delivered at optimal concentrations to their target skin compartments. Different skin imaging methods, invasive and non-invasive, are available to characterize and quantify the spatiotemporal distribution of a drug within ex vivo and in vivo human skin. The first part of this review detailed invasive imaging methods (autoradiography, MALDI and SIMS). This second part reviews non-invasive imaging methods that can be applied in vivo: i) fluorescence (conventional, confocal, and multiphoton) and second harmonic generation microscopies and ii) vibrational spectroscopic imaging methods (infrared, confocal Raman, and coherent Raman scattering microscopies). Finally, a flow chart for the selection of imaging methods is presented to guide human skin ex vivo and in vivo drug delivery studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Xueqin Chen
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Thomas Bornschlögl
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sinyoung Jeong
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Sébastien Grégoire
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
| | - Gustavo S Luengo
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Philippe Hallegot
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Peyman Obeidy
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Amin Feizpour
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Kin F Chan
- Simpson Interventions, Inc., Woodside, CA 94062, United States of America
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grajdeanu IA, Statescu L, Vata D, Popescu IA, Porumb-Andrese E, Patrascu AI, Taranu T, Crisan M, Solovastru LG. Imaging techniques in the diagnosis and monitoring of psoriasis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4974-4980. [PMID: 31819765 PMCID: PMC6895776 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disease, which has a multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Practical non-invasive techniques to monitor plaque psoriasis progression and treatment are necessary. Imaging techniques available for psoriasis assessment may vary in terms of resolution, depth of penetration and visual representation. This review summarizes the current developments in the field of psoriasis non-invasive imaging techniques, such as dermoscopy, conventional ultrasound and high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS), videocapillaroscopy (VC), reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical microangiography (OMAG), laser Doppler imaging (LDI), multiphoton tomography (MPT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The aim was to collect and analyze data concerning types, indications, advantages and disadvantages of modern imaging techniques for in vivo psoriasis assessment. We focused on two main methods, videodermoscopy and HFUS, which can be included in daily dermatologists' practice and which may assist in establishing diagnosis, as well as monitoring response to topical and/or systemic therapy of psoriasis. Dermoscopy may be useful for a first evaluation and may offer an understanding of the type and distribution of blood vessels, as well as the color of the scale and the background of the lesion. Videodermoscopy allows magnification and offers a detailed evaluation of the vessel type. The utility of HFUS consists mainly in monitoring therapy response. These methods may be comparable with virtual histopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Alina Grajdeanu
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Statescu
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dan Vata
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana Adriana Popescu
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena Porumb-Andrese
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Ionela Patrascu
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tatiana Taranu
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, CF Iasi Hospital, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Crisan
- Dermatology Department, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Gheuca Solovastru
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Dermatology Clinic, 'St. Spiridon' County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ranawat H, Pal S, Mazumder N. Recent trends in two-photon auto-fluorescence lifetime imaging (2P-FLIM) and its biomedical applications. Biomed Eng Lett 2019; 9:293-310. [PMID: 31456890 PMCID: PMC6694381 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-019-00119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two photon fluorescence microscopy and the numerous technical advances to it have served as valuable tools in biomedical research. The fluorophores (exogenous or endogenous) absorb light and emit lower energy photons than the absorption energy and the emission (fluorescence) signal is measured using a fluorescence decay graph. Additionally, high spatial resolution images can be acquired in two photon fluorescence lifetime imaging (2P-FLIM) with improved penetration depth which helps in detection of fluorescence signal in vivo. 2P-FLIM is a non-invasive imaging technique in order to visualize cellular metabolic, by tracking intrinsic fluorophores present in it, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide and tryptophan etc. 2P-FLIM of these molecules enable the visualization of metabolic alterations, non-invasively. This comprehensive review discusses the numerous applications of 2P-FLIM towards cancer, neuro-degenerative, infectious diseases, and wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Ranawat
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Sagnik Pal
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hindelang B, Aguirre J, Schwarz M, Berezhnoi A, Eyerich K, Ntziachristos V, Biedermann T, Darsow U. Non-invasive imaging in dermatology and the unique potential of raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1051-1061. [PMID: 30422337 PMCID: PMC6563473 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several non‐invasive imaging methods have been introduced to facilitate diagnostics and therapy monitoring in dermatology. The microscopic imaging methods are restricted in their penetration depth, while the mesoscopic methods probe deeper but provide only morphological, not functional, information. ‘Raster‐scan optoacoustic mesoscopy’ (RSOM), an emerging new imaging technique, combines deep penetration with contrast based on light absorption, which provides morphological, molecular and functional information. Here, we compare the capabilities and limitations of currently available dermatological imaging methods and highlight the principles and unique abilities of RSOM. We illustrate the clinical potential of RSOM, in particular for non‐invasive diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and oncological skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Hindelang
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Aguirre
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Schwarz
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,iThera Medical GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - A Berezhnoi
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - K Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - V Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - U Darsow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Narayanamurthy V, Padmapriya P, Noorasafrin A, Pooja B, Hema K, Firus Khan AY, Nithyakalyani K, Samsuri F. Skin cancer detection using non-invasive techniques. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28095-28130. [PMID: 35542700 PMCID: PMC9084287 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer and is globally rising. Historically, the diagnosis of skin cancers has depended on various conventional techniques which are of an invasive manner. A variety of commercial diagnostic tools and auxiliary techniques are available to detect skin cancer. This article explains in detail the principles and approaches involved for non-invasive skin cancer diagnostic methods such as photography, dermoscopy, sonography, confocal microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, terahertz spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, the multispectral imaging technique, thermography, electrical bio-impedance, tape stripping and computer-aided analysis. The characteristics of an ideal screening test are outlined, and the authors pose several points for clinicians and scientists to consider in the evaluation of current and future studies of skin cancer detection and diagnosis. This comprehensive review critically analyses the literature associated with the field and summarises the recent updates along with their merits and demerits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy
- InnoFuTech No: 42/12, 7th Street, Vallalar Nagar, Pattabiram Chennai Tamil Nadu 600072 India
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia
| | - P Padmapriya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - A Noorasafrin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - B Pooja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - K Hema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - Al'aina Yuhainis Firus Khan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - K Nithyakalyani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - Fahmi Samsuri
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meleshina AV, Rogovaya OS, Dudenkova VV, Sirotkina MA, Lukina MM, Bystrova AS, Krut VG, Kuznetsova DS, Kalabusheva EP, Vasiliev AV, Vorotelyak EA, Zagaynova EV. Multimodal label-free imaging of living dermal equivalents including dermal papilla cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:84. [PMID: 29615099 PMCID: PMC5883517 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant progress in the development of skin equivalents (SEs), the problem of noninvasively assessing the quality of the cell components and the collagen structure of living SEs both before and after transplantation remains. Undoubted preference is given to in vivo methods of noninvasive, label-free monitoring of the state of the SEs. Optical bioimaging methods, such as cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT), multiphoton tomography (MPT), and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), present particular advantages for the visualization of such SEs. METHODS In this study, we simultaneously applied several visualization techniques for skin model examination. We investigated the structure and quality of dermal equivalents containing dermal papilla (DP) cells and dermal fibroblasts (FBs) using CP OCT, MPT, and FLIM. Both the energy metabolism of the cell components and the structuring of the collagen fibrils were addressed. RESULTS Based on the data from the fluorescence lifetimes and the contributions of protein-bound NAD(P)H, a bias toward oxidative metabolism was indicated, for the first time, in both the DP cells and FBs on day 14 of SE cultivation. The CP OCT and MPT data also indicated that both DP cells and FBs structured the collagen gel in a similar manner. CONCLUSION In this study, multimodal label-free imaging of the structure and quality of living dermal equivalents was implemented for the first time with the use CP OCT, MPT, and FLIM of NAD(P)H. Our data suggest that the combination of different imaging techniques provides an integrated approach to data acquisition regarding the structure and quality of dermal equivalents, minimizes the potential disadvantages of using a single method, and provides an ideal information profile for clinical and research applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V Meleshina
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.
| | - Olga S Rogovaya
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Varvara V Dudenkova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.,Department of Radiophysics, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Marina A Sirotkina
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - Maria M Lukina
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Alena S Bystrova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Victoria G Krut
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Daria S Kuznetsova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P Kalabusheva
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey V Vasiliev
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Vorotelyak
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Elena V Zagaynova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarin Avenue, 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Balu M, Mikami H, Hou J, Potma EO, Tromberg BJ. Rapid mesoscale multiphoton microscopy of human skin. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:4375-4387. [PMID: 27895980 PMCID: PMC5119580 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a multiphoton microscope designed for mesoscale imaging of human skin. The system is based on two-photon excited fluorescence and second-harmonic generation, and images areas of ~0.8x0.8 mm2 at speeds of 0.8 fps (800x800 pixels; 12 frame averages) for high signal-to-noise ratio, with lateral and axial resolutions of 0.5µm and 3.3µm, respectively. The main novelty of this instrument is the design of the scan head, which includes a fast galvanometric scanner, optimized relay optics, a beam expander and high NA objective lens. Computed aberrations in focus are below the Marechal criterion of 0.07λ rms for diffraction-limited performance. We demonstrate the practical utility of this microscope by ex-vivo imaging of wide areas in normal human skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Balu
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Hideharu Mikami
- Current Affiliation: Department of Chemistry School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jue Hou
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Eric O. Potma
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Bruce J. Tromberg
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Honda T, Otsuka A, Kabashima K. Novel insights into cutaneous immune systems revealed by in vivo imaging. Allergol Int 2016; 65:228-34. [PMID: 27021658 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo imaging is a novel experimental approach for biological research. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), a type of fluorescence microscopy, is a new tool for in vivo imaging analysis. MPM allows observation of both tissue structures and cell behaviors or cell-cell interactions in living animals in real time. Skin is an ideal tissue for MPM analysis as it is directly accessible to the microscope. In the skin, immune cells cooperate to maintain skin homeostasis or to exert immune responses against foreign antigens. In vivo imaging by MPM analysis provides precise information on cell dynamics in the skin, and has significantly expanded our knowledge of the cutaneous immune system. In this review, we will discuss recent insights related to the mechanisms of allergic skin inflammation that have been revealed by MPM analysis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lacarrubba F, Verzì AE, Pippione M, Micali G. Reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of vesicobullous disorders: case series with pathologic and cytologic correlation and literature review. Skin Res Technol 2016; 22:479-486. [PMID: 27259839 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vesicobullous disorders are characterized by intraepidermal or subepidermal blistering resulting from different pathogenetic mechanisms. The diagnosis is generally based on clinical examination and semi-invasive/invasive procedures such as cytology and histopathology. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive technique for real-time, en face imaging of the epidermis and upper dermis with high resolution close to conventional histopathology. PURPOSE To evaluate RCM features of different vesicobullous diseases and correlate with cytologic and histopathologic examination. METHODS Ten patients (6M/4F, age range: 9-81 years) affected by blistering diseases, such as herpes simplex, herpes zoster, Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, pemphigus vulgaris, Hailey-Hailey disease, bullous pemphigoid, and porphyria cutanea tarda were evaluated using a handheld RCM device. RESULTS In our study, a clear correlation between RCM and Tzanck's test and/or histopathology was observed. RCM allowed in all cases an easy identification of the blister spaces and of the split levels, and in some cases specific features were detected, such as giant keratinocytes in herpes infections and acantholytic cells in pemphigus vulgaris and Hailey-Hailey disease. CONCLUSION Reflectance confocal microscopy may support the clinical diagnosis of vesicobullous disorders and indicate to the physician the appropriate patient management and/or the need for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lacarrubba
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A E Verzì
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Pippione
- Dermopathology Unit, Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - G Micali
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huck V, Gorzelanny C, Thomas K, Getova V, Niemeyer V, Zens K, Unnerstall TR, Feger JS, Fallah MA, Metze D, Ständer S, Luger TA, Koenig K, Mess C, Schneider SW. From morphology to biochemical state - intravital multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging of inflamed human skin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22789. [PMID: 27004454 PMCID: PMC4804294 DOI: 10.1038/srep22789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of multiphoton microscopy in the field of biomedical research and advanced diagnostics promises unique insights into the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin diseases. In the present study, we combined multiphoton-based intravital tomography (MPT) and fluorescence lifetime imaging (MPT-FLIM) within the scope of a clinical trial of atopic dermatitis with the aim of providing personalised data on the aetiopathology of inflammation in a non-invasive manner at patients' bedsides. These 'optical biopsies' generated via MPT were morphologically analysed and aligned with classical skin histology. Because of its subcellular resolution, MPT provided evidence of a redistribution of mitochondria in keratinocytes, indicating an altered cellular metabolism. Two independent morphometric algorithms reliably showed an even distribution in healthy skin and a perinuclear accumulation in inflamed skin. Moreover, using MPT-FLIM, detection of the onset and progression of inflammatory processes could be achieved. In conclusion, the change in the distribution of mitochondria upon inflammation and the verification of an altered cellular metabolism facilitate a better understanding of inflammatory skin diseases and may permit early diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Huck
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kai Thomas
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Valentina Getova
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Niemeyer
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Zens
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tim R. Unnerstall
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julia S. Feger
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohammad A. Fallah
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dieter Metze
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Ständer
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas A. Luger
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karsten Koenig
- Saarland University, Mechatronics & Physics, Campus A5 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- JenLab GmbH, Schillerstr. 1, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Mess
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- University of Münster, Department of Dermatology, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan W. Schneider
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Experimental Dermatology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Klemp M, Meinke MC, Weinigel M, Röwert-Huber HJ, König K, Ulrich M, Lademann J, Darvin ME. Comparison of morphologic criteria for actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma using in vivo multiphoton tomography. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:218-22. [PMID: 26659897 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The routine diagnostic procedure of actinic keratosis (AK) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a histological examination after taking a biopsy. In the past decades, non-invasive optical methods for skin examination have been developed. Patients with clinical diagnosis of AK or SCC were examined. The morphological criteria were determined for healthy, AK and SCC skin and compared for statistically significant differences. In this study, the applicability of multiphoton tomography (MPT) as an in vivo diagnostic tool for AK and SCC was evaluated. Changes in the morphology of the keratinocytes such as broadened epidermis, large intercellular spaces, enlarged nucleus and a large variance in cell shape could easily be recognized. The cell nuclei of AK and SCC were significantly larger compared to healthy skin cells in all cell layers. The nucleus-cytoplasm ratio was also significantly higher for AK and SCC than for the healthy skin cells. It was even higher in SCC compared to spinous and basal cell layer of AK. The cell density in AK and SCC was significantly lower than in the basal and spinous cell layers of healthy skin. In SCC, the cell density was significantly lower than in AK. Concerning the intercellular spaces, significant differences were found for AK and healthy skin in spinous and basal cell layer and for SCC compared to AK and healthy skin. In this study, MPT proved to be a valuable non-invasive imaging method for in vivo detection and discrimination of AK and SCC from healthy skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Klemp
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Joachim Röwert-Huber
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten König
- JenLab GmbH, Jena, Germany.,Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Koehler MJ, Kellner K, Kaatz M, Hipler UC. Epidermal changes during UVB phototherapy assessed by multiphoton laser tomography. Skin Res Technol 2016; 22:437-442. [PMID: 26853735 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiphoton laser tomography (MPT) is a non-invasive technique that allows imaging of skin in vivo with very high spatial resolution and contrast. Previous work of our group has demonstrated that known morphological changes due to erythematogenic ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation may be imaged in vivo by MPT. The present work investigated if morphological skin changes known from experimental erythematogenic UVB irradiation are also demonstrable in the course of a standard phototherapy regime that implies suberythematogenic doses of narrow band UVB. METHODS Sixteen patients with psoriasis vulgaris receiving a narrow band phototherapy were included. A test field and a light-protected control field were measured with the multiphoton tomograph DermaInspect® at four time points: at baseline, the next day, after 3 days and at the day of the last exposure. RESULTS In the course of the UVB phototherapy, spongiosis and pleomorphy as parameters of inflammation and cellular damage did not show significant changes. By contrast, an adaptive skin reaction with significant changes of keratosis and pigmentation was observed. CONCLUSION MPT is a suitable technique for the investigation of qualitative and quantitative skin changes after UVB irradiation. After suberythematogenic UVB irradiation, photoadaptive skin changes, but no cellular damage can be observed with MPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Koehler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - K Kellner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,ENT Department, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Kaatz
- Department of Dermatology, SRH Waldklinikum Gera, Gera, Germany
| | - U-C Hipler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Schwarz M, Buehler A, Aguirre J, Ntziachristos V. Three-dimensional multispectral optoacoustic mesoscopy reveals melanin and blood oxygenation in human skin in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:55-60. [PMID: 26530688 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging plays a major role in disease detection in dermatology. However, current optical methods are limited by lack of three-dimensional detection of pathophysiological parameters within skin. It was recently shown that single-wavelength optoacoustic (photoacoustic) mesoscopy resolves skin morphology, i.e. melanin and blood vessels within epidermis and dermis. In this work we employed illumination at multiple wavelengths for enabling three-dimensional multispectral optoacoustic mesoscopy (MSOM) of natural chromophores in human skin in vivo operating at 15-125 MHz. We employ a per-pulse tunable laser to inherently co-register spectral datasets, and reveal previously undisclosed insights of melanin, and blood oxygenation in human skin. We further reveal broadband absorption spectra of specific skin compartments. We discuss the potential of MSOM for label-free visualization of physiological biomarkers in skin in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schwarz
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Buehler
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan Aguirre
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany.
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Thomas G, van Voskuilen J, Truong H, Gerritsen HC, Sterenborg HJCM. In vivo nonlinear optical imaging to monitor early microscopic changes in a murine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma model. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:668-680. [PMID: 25319484 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) can enable timely therapeutic and preventive interventions for patients. In this study, in vivo nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) based on two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG), was used to non-invasively detect microscopic changes occurring in murine skin treated topically with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The optical microscopic findings and the measured TPEF-SHG index show that NLOI was able to clearly detect early cytostructural changes in DMBA treated skin that appeared clinically normal. This suggests that in vivo NLOI could be a non-invasive tool to monitor early signs of cSCC. In vivo axial NLOI scans of normal murine skin (upper left), murine skin with preclinical hyperplasia (upper right), early clinical murine skin lesion (lower left) and late or advanced murine skin lesion (lower right).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giju Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Post Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Johan van Voskuilen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hoa Truong
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Gerritsen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H J C M Sterenborg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Haluszka D, Lőrincz K, Molnár G, Tamás G, Kolonics A, Szipőcs R, Kárpáti S, Wikonkál NM. In vivo second-harmonic generation and ex vivo coherent anti-stokes raman scattering microscopy to study the effect of obesity to fibroblast cell function using an Yb-fiber laser-based CARS extension unit. Microsc Res Tech 2015. [PMID: 26208320 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear microscopy techniques are being increasingly used to perform in vivo studies in dermatology. These methods enable us to investigate the morphology and monitor the physiological process in the skin by the use of femtosecond lasers operating in the red, near-infrared spectral range (680-1,300 nm). In this work we used two different techniques that require no labeling: second harmonic generation (SHG) for collagen detection and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) to assess lipid distribution in genetically obese murine skin. Obesity is one of the most serious public health problems due to its high and increasing prevalence and the associated risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Other than these diseases, nearly half of patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from dermatological complications such as delayed wound healing, foot ulcers and several other skin changes. In our experiment we investigated and followed the effects of obesity on dermal collagen alterations and adipocyte enlargement using a technique not reported in the literature so far. Our results indicate that the in vivo SHG and ex vivo CARS imaging technique might be an important tool for diagnosis of diabetes-related skin disorders in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Haluszka
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University Hungary, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Applied and Nonlinear Optics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kende Lőrincz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Molnár
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tamás
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Kolonics
- Department of Applied and Nonlinear Optics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Budapest, Hungary.,R&D Ultrafast Lasers Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Szipőcs
- Department of Applied and Nonlinear Optics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Budapest, Hungary.,R&D Ultrafast Lasers Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sarolta Kárpáti
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert M Wikonkál
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
High-definition optical coherence tomography intrinsic skin ageing assessment in women: a pilot study. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:705-20. [PMID: 26066511 PMCID: PMC4572052 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Several non-invasive two-dimensional techniques with different lateral resolution and measurable depth range have proved to be useful in assessing and quantifying morphological changes in skin ageing. Among these, only in vivo microscopy techniques permit histometric measurements in vivo. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of chronological (intrinsic) age-related (IAR) morphological changes of epidermis, dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ), papillary dermis (PD), papillary-reticular dermis junction and reticular
dermis (RD) have been performed by high-definition optical coherence tomography in real time 3-D. HD-OCT images were taken at the internal site of the right upper arm. Qualitative HD-OCT IAR descriptors were reported at skin surface, at epidermal layer, DEJ, PD and upper RD. Quantitative evaluation of age-related compaction and backscattered intensity or brightness of different skin layers was performed by using the plugin plot z-axis profile of ImageJ® software permitting intensity assessment of HD-OCT (DICOM) images (3-D images). Analysis was in blind from all clinical information. Sixty, fair-skinned (Fitzpatrick types I–III) healthy females were analysed retrospectively in this study. The subjects belonged to three age groups: twenty in group I aged 20–39, twenty in group II aged 40–59 and twenty in group III aged 60–79. Only intrinsic ageing in women has been studied. Significant age-related qualitative and quantitative differences could be noticed. IAR changes in dermal matrix fibers morphology/organisation and in microvasculature were observed. The brightness and compaction of the different skin layers increased significantly with intrinsic skin ageing. The depth of visibility of fibers in RD increased significantly in the older age group. In conclusion, HD-OCT allows 3-D in vivo and real time qualitative and quantitative assessment of chronological (intrinsic) age-related morphological skin changes at high resolution from skin surface to a depth of the superficial reticular dermis.
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Hoogedoorn L, Peppelman M, van de Kerkhof P, van Erp P, Gerritsen M. The value ofin vivoreflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and infectious skin diseases: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:1222-48. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hoogedoorn
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 NL 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - M. Peppelman
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 NL 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - P.C.M. van de Kerkhof
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 NL 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - P.E.J. van Erp
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 NL 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - M.J.P. Gerritsen
- Department of Dermatology; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 NL 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lacarrubba F, Pellacani G, Gurgone S, Verzì AE, Micali G. Advances in non-invasive techniques as aids to the diagnosis and monitoring of therapeutic response in plaque psoriasis: a review. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:626-34. [PMID: 25772034 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Although its diagnosis is often based on clinical features, in ambiguous cases a biopsy with histopathologic confirmation may be necessary. Advanced high-definition imaging techniques may be useful in the study of skin properties in vivo and may facilitate therapeutic monitoring. Available imaging tools vary in their resolution, depth of penetration and visual representation (horizontal, vertical, three-dimensional), and in the type of skin structures visualized. The purpose of this review is to analyze a variety of non-invasive techniques that may assist in establishing definitive diagnoses, as well as in the therapeutic monitoring of psoriasis. These include dermoscopy, videocapillaroscopy (VC), high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), laser Doppler imaging (LDI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical microangiography (OMAG) and multiphoton tomography (MPT). Their characteristics, indications, advantages, and limits are reviewed and discussed. Dermoscopy may be useful for a first, rapid outpatient evaluation. Videocapillaroscopy and HFUS represent the imaging techniques with the longest history of use in psoriasis. However, whereas VC is useful in both diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, the utility of HFUS appears to be limited to the monitoring of response to therapy only. Both devices are cost-effective and easy to use in the office setting. Both RCM and OCT allow high-resolution microscopic imaging of psoriatic plaque in a manner comparable with that of virtual histopathology and represent more promising techniques. The utility of LDI, OMAG, and MPT in psoriasis skin imaging requires further study and validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Gurgone
- Department of Dermatology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Elisa Verzì
- Department of Dermatology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Micali
- Department of Dermatology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tzellos T, Kyrgidis A, Mocellin S, Chan AW, Pilati P, Apalla Z. Interventions for melanoma in situ, including lentigo maligna. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:CD010308. [PMID: 25526608 PMCID: PMC11005944 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010308.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma is a form of skin cancer associated with significant mortality once it has spread beyond the skin. Melanoma in situ (MIS) is the earliest histologically recognisable stage of malignant melanoma and represents a precursor of invasive melanoma. Lentigo maligna (LM) represents a subtype of pre-invasive intraepidermal melanoma associated specifically with chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Over the past two decades, the incidence of MIS has increased significantly, even more than the invasive counterpart. There are several treatment options for MIS, but no consensus exists on the best therapeutic management of this condition. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of all available interventions, surgical and non-surgical, for the treatment of melanoma in situ, including LM. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to November 2014: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL in The Cochrane Library (2014, Issue 10), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), LILACS (from 1982), African Index Medicus (from inception), IndeMED of India (from inception), and Index Medicus for the South-East Asia Region (IMSEAR) (from inception). We scanned the references of included and excluded studies for further references to relevant trials and searched five trials registries. We checked the abstracts of major dermatology and oncology conference proceedings, and we shared our lists of included and excluded studies with industry contacts and other experts in the field of melanoma to try to identify further relevant trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCT) on the management of MIS, including LM, that compared any intervention to placebo or active treatment. We included individuals, irrespective of age and sex, diagnosed with MIS, including LM, based on histological examination. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently evaluated possible studies for inclusion; extracted data from the included study using a standard data extraction form modified for our review; assessed risk of bias; and analysed data on efficacy, safety, and tolerability. They resolved any disagreements by discussion with a third author. We collected adverse effects information from included studies. MAIN RESULTS Our search identified only 1 study eligible for inclusion (and 1 ongoing study in active recruitment stage), which was a single centre, open label, parallel group, 2-arm RCT with 90 participants, who had 91 histologically proven LM lesions.Forty-four participants, with 44 LM lesions, were treated with imiquimod 5% cream 5 days per week plus tazarotene 0.1% gel 2 days/week for 3 months, and 46 participants, with 47 LM lesions, were treated with imiquimod 5% cream 5 days per week for 3 months. Two months after cessation of topical treatment, the initial tumour footprint was excised using 2 mm margins via a staged excision. This study was open label, and analysis was not intention-to-treat, leading to a high risk of incomplete outcome data.Our primary outcome 'Histological or clinical complete response' was measured at 5 months in 29/44 participants (66%) treated with imiquimod plus tazarotene (combination therapy) and 27/46 participants (59%) treated with imiquimod (monotherapy). The difference was not statistically significant (risk ratio (RR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81 to 1.55, P value = 0.48).With regard to our secondary outcomes on recurrence and inflammation, after a mean follow up of 42 months, no local recurrences were observed among complete responders. Difference in overall inflammation score between the 2 groups was significant (mean difference (MD) 0.6, 95% CI 0.2 to 1, P value = 0.004), with the mean overall inflammation score being significantly higher in the combination group.The study authors did not clearly report on side-effects. Because of adverse effects, there was a dropout rate of 6/44 participants (13.7%) in the combination group compared with 1/46 (2.2%) in the imiquimod monotherapy group (due to excessive inflammation) before the cessation of topical treatment (first 3 months), but this was not statistically significant (RR 6.27, 95% CI 0.79 to 50.02, P value = 0.08). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of high-quality evidence for the treatment of MIS and LM.For the treatment of MIS, we found no RCTs of surgical interventions aiming to optimise margin control (square method, perimeter technique, 'slow Mohs', staged radial sections, staged "mapped" excisions, or Mohs micrographic surgery), which are the most widely used interventions recommended as first-line therapy. The use of non-surgical interventions in selected cases (patients with contraindications to surgical interventions) may be effective and may be considered preferable for experienced providers and under close and adequate follow up.For the treatment of LM, we found no RCTs of surgical interventions, which remain the most widely used and recommended available treatment. The use of non-surgical interventions, such as imiquimod, as monotherapy may be effective and may be considered in selected cases where surgical procedures are contraindicated and used preferentially by experienced providers under close and adequate follow up. The use of topical therapies, such as 5-fluorouracil and imiquimod, as neoadjuvant therapies warrants further investigation. There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the addition of tazarotene to imiquimod as adjuvant therapy; the current evidence suggests that it can increase topical inflammatory response and withdrawal of participants because of treatment-related side-effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thrasivoulos Tzellos
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad, Troms, Norway. .
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fractional Thermolysis by Bipolar Radiofrequency Facilitates Cutaneous Delivery of Peptide and siRNA with Minor Loss of Barrier Function. Pharm Res 2014; 32:1704-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
37
|
Koenig K. Hybrid multiphoton multimodal tomography of in vivo human skin. INTRAVITAL 2014. [DOI: 10.4161/intv.21938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
38
|
Thomas G, van Voskuilen J, Gerritsen HC, Sterenborg HJCM. Advances and challenges in label-free nonlinear optical imaging using two-photon excitation fluorescence and second harmonic generation for cancer research. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:128-38. [PMID: 25463660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) has emerged to be a promising tool for bio-medical imaging in recent times. Among the various applications of NLOI, its utility is the most significant in the field of pre-clinical and clinical cancer research. This review begins by briefly covering the core principles involved in NLOI, such as two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). Subsequently, there is a short description on the various cellular components that contribute to endogenous optical fluorescence. Later on the review deals with its main theme--the challenges faced during label-free NLO imaging in translational cancer research. While this review addresses the accomplishment of various label-free NLOI based studies in cancer diagnostics, it also touches upon the limitations of the mentioned studies. In addition, areas in cancer research that need to be further investigated by label-free NLOI are discussed in a latter segment. The review eventually concludes on the note that label-free NLOI has and will continue to contribute richly in translational cancer research, to eventually provide a very reliable, yet minimally invasive cancer diagnostic tool for the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giju Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Post Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Johan van Voskuilen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Gerritsen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H J C M Sterenborg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Koehler MJ, Kellner K, Hipler UC, Kaatz M. Acute UVB-induced epidermal changes assessed by multiphoton laser tomography. Skin Res Technol 2014; 21:137-43. [PMID: 25066913 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo multiphoton tomography (MPT) of human skin has become a valuable tool for non-invasive examination of morphological and biophysical skin properties and their alterations. So far, skin changes after UVB irradiation were mainly evaluated clinically and histologically. The present study aimed at non-invasive imaging of histological changes during acute UVB irradiation by multiphoton laser tomography. METHODS In 10 volunteers, five areas were irradiated once with an erythematous UVB dose. Multiphoton measurements were performed four times, i.e. before irradiation (baseline), and 24, 48 and 72 h after irradiation, respectively. The data were evaluated for changes of epidermal pleomorphy, spongiosis, pigmentation and thickness. RESULTS The four parameters were altered significantly by acute UVB irradiation, i.e. epidermal pleomorphy, spongiosis, pigmentation and thickness increased within 72 h after irradiation. CONCLUSION Thus, the study has shown that typical epidermal changes induced by acute UVB irradiation can be evaluated by MPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Koehler
- Department of Dermatology, SRH Waldklinikum Gera, Gera, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tong PL, Qin J, Cooper CL, Lowe PM, Murrell DF, Kossard S, Ng LG, Roediger B, Weninger W, Haass NK. A quantitative approach to histopathological dissection of elastin-related disorders using multiphoton microscopy. Br J Dermatol 2014; 169:869-79. [PMID: 23662922 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a novel imaging technology that has recently become applicable for diagnostic purposes. The use of (near) infrared light in MPM allows for deep tissue imaging. In addition, this modality exploits the autofluorescent nature of extracellular matrix fibres within the skin. OBJECTIVES To quantitate the structure and abundance of elastic fibres in human dermis in three dimensions utilizing autofluorescent signals generated by MPM for the objective examination of elastin-related skin disorders. METHODS Cross-sections of skin samples from elastin-related disorders were analysed by MPM and correlated to histopathology. In situ visualization of elastic fibres by MPM was conducted by en face imaging of ex vivo skin samples through the intact epidermis. Image analysis software was used to quantify elastic fibres in three dimensions. RESULTS Based on the MPM-detected elastin-specific autofluorescence, we developed the Dermal Elastin Morphology Index (DEMI), calculated as the ratio of elastic fibre surface area and volume. This enabled objective three-dimensional quantification of elastic fibres. Quantitative scoring of sun-damaged skin using DEMI correlated with qualitative histopathological grading of the severity of solar elastosis. Furthermore, this approach was applied to changes in elastic fibre architecture in other disorders, such as pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), PXE-like syndrome, elastofibroma, focal dermal elastosis, anetoderma, mid-dermal elastolysis and striae distensae. We imaged elastic fibres in intact ex vivo skin imaged en face through the epidermis, indicating that this approach could be used in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MPM has the potential for noninvasive in vivo visualization of elastic fibres in the dermis with near histological resolution. DEMI allows objective assessment of elastic fibres to support diagnosis and monitoring of disease progress or therapy of elastin-related skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P L Tong
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yew E, Rowlands C, So PTC. Application of Multiphoton Microscopy in Dermatological Studies: a Mini-Review. JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2014; 7:1330010. [PMID: 25075226 PMCID: PMC4112132 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545813300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the historical and more recent developments of multiphoton microscopy, as applied to dermatology. Multiphoton microscopy offers several advantages over competing microscopy techniques: there is an inherent axial sectioning, penetration depths that compete well with confocal microscopy on account of the use of near-infrared light, and many two-photon contrast mechanisms, such as second-harmonic generation, have no analogue in one-photon microscopy. While the penetration depths of photons into tissue are typically limited on the order of hundreds of microns, this is of less concern in dermatology, as the skin is thin and readily accessible. As a result, multiphoton microscopy in dermatology has generated a great deal of interest, much of which is summarized here. The review covers the interaction of light and tissue, as well as the various considerations that must be made when designing an instrument. The state of multiphoton microscopy in imaging skin cancer and various other diseases is also discussed, along with the investigation of aging and regeneration phenomena, and finally, the use of multiphoton microscopy to analyze the transdermal transport of drugs, cosmetics and other agents is summarized. The review concludes with a look at potential future research directions, especially those that are necessary to push these techniques into widespread clinical acceptance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Yew
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
| | - Christopher Rowlands
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- GR Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Alex A, Weingast J, Weinigel M, Kellner-Höfer M, Nemecek R, Binder M, Pehamberger H, König K, Drexler W. Three-dimensional multiphoton/optical coherence tomography for diagnostic applications in dermatology. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:352-362. [PMID: 22711418 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A preliminary clinical trial using state-of-the-art multiphoton tomography (MPT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for three-dimensional (3D) multimodal in vivo imaging of normal skin, nevi, scars and pathologic skin lesions has been conducted. MPT enabled visualization of sub-cellular details with axial and transverse resolutions of <2 μm and <0.5 μm, respectively, from a volume of 0.35 × 0.35 × 0.2 mm(3) at a frame rate of 0.14 Hz (512 × 512 pixels). State-of-the-art OCT, operating at a center wavelength of 1300 nm, was capable of acquiring 3D images depicting the layered architecture of skin with axial and transverse resolutions ~8 μm and ~20 μm, respectively, from a volume of 7 × 3.5 × 1.5 mm(3) at a frame rate of 46 Hz (1024 × 1024 pixels). This study demonstrates the clinical diagnostic potential of MPT/OCT for pre-screening relatively large areas of skin using 3D OCT to identify suspicious regions at microscopic level and subsequently using high resolution MPT to obtain zoomed in, sub-cellular level information of the respective regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh Alex
- Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang H, Lee AMD, Frehlick Z, Lui H, McLean DI, Tang S, Zeng H. Perfectly registered multiphoton and reflectance confocal video rate imaging of in vivo human skin. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:305-309. [PMID: 23418008 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a multimodal in vivo skin imaging instrument that is capable of simultaneously acquiring multiphoton and reflectance confocal images at up to 27 frames per second with 256 × 256 pixel resolution without the use of exogenous contrast agents. A single femtosecond laser excitation source is used for all channels ensuring perfect image registration between the two-photon fluorescence (TPF), second harmonic generation (SHG), and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) images. Images and videos acquired with the system show that the three imaging channels provide complementary information in in vivo human skin measurements. In the epidermis, cell boundaries are clearly seen in the RCM channel, while cytoplasm is better seen in the TPF imaging channel, whereas in the dermis, SHG and TPF channels show collagen bundles and elastin fibers, respectively. The demonstrated fast imaging speed and multimodal imaging capabilities of this MPM/RCM instrument are essential features for future clinical application of this technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hequn Wang
- Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables the noninvasive in vivo imaging of the skin with a horizontal axis and a cellular-level resolution allowing the study of the skin from superficial layers to papillary dermis. It has arisen an important tool in the study of tumors and specially an important role in the characterization of melanoma. Melanocytic lesions present a large number of characteristic findings visible in upper parts of the tumors, such as in the case of melanoma: pagetoid roundish or dendritic cells in superficial epidermis, atypical nests at the dermoepidermal junction, nonedged papillae and atypical nucleated cells in papillary dermis. Several studies have demonstrated that RCM may improve the accuracy in the differentiation of benign and malignant melanocytic lesions as an adjuvant technique to dermoscopy, and three main algorithms have been developed to apply in equivocal lesions. The advantage of in vivo observation in real time of the tumor at the bedside is opening the clinical applications of RCM in the evaluation of melanocytic lesions, and in particular in the study of facial maculae and lentigo maligna melanoma, amelanotic melanoma, and management of subclinical margins, recurrences, or monitoring noninvasive treatment of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carrera
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sevrain D, Le Grand Y, Buhé V, Jeanmaire C, Pauly G, Carré JL, Misery L, Lebonvallet N. Two-photon microscopy of dermal innervation in a human re-innervated model of skin. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:290-1. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Sevrain
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser; Université de Brest; UEB; Brest; France
| | - Yann Le Grand
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie et Optique Laser; Université de Brest; UEB; Brest; France
| | - Virginie Buhé
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences de Brest; Université de Brest; LNB EA4685 UEB; Brest; France
| | - Christine Jeanmaire
- BASF Beauty Creations; BASF Beauty Care Solutions France SAS; Pulnoy; France
| | - Gilles Pauly
- BASF Beauty Creations; BASF Beauty Care Solutions France SAS; Pulnoy; France
| | - Jean-Luc Carré
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences de Brest; Université de Brest; LNB EA4685 UEB; Brest; France
| | - Laurent Misery
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences de Brest; Université de Brest; LNB EA4685 UEB; Brest; France
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ahlgrimm-Siess V, Laimer M, Arzberger E, Hofmann-Wellenhof R. New diagnostics for melanoma detection: from artificial intelligence to RNA microarrays. Future Oncol 2013; 8:819-27. [PMID: 22830402 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of melanoma remains crucial to ensuring a favorable prognosis. Dermoscopy and total body photography are well-established noninvasive aids that increase the diagnostic accuracy of dermatologists in their daily routine, beyond that of a naked-eye examination. New noninvasive diagnostic techniques, such as reflectance confocal microscopy, multispectral digital imaging and RNA microarrays, are currently being investigated to determine their utility for melanoma detection. This review presents emerging technologies for noninvasive melanoma diagnosis, and discusses their advantages and limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Ahlgrimm-Siess
- Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Apalla Z, Tzellos T, Kyrgidis A, Mocellin S, Chan AW, Haque Hussain S, Pilati P. Interventions for melanoma in situ, including lentigo maligna. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
48
|
Boone MALM, Norrenberg S, Jemec GBE, Del Marmol V. Imaging actinic keratosis by high-definition optical coherence tomography. Histomorphologic correlation: a pilot study. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:93-7. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. L. M. Boone
- Dermatology Department; Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels; Belgium
| | - Sarah Norrenberg
- Dermatology Department; Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels; Belgium
| | - Gregor B. E. Jemec
- Dermatology Department; Roskilde Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Dermatology Department; Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels; Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhu X, Lin L, Yu H, Zhuo S, Chen J, Liu J, Wang Y. Visualization of epidermal and dermal alteration in papulonodular mucinosis by multiphoton microscopy. SCANNING 2013; 35:22-27. [PMID: 22689533 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Papulonodular mucinosis (PM) is a cutaneous clue to the presence and activity of silent lupus erythematosus (LE), but the exact pathogenesis is still under secret. Moreover, the currently available treatments for PM are not satisfactory. To demonstrate the possibility of multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to trace the pathological state of PM and evaluate the treatment efficacy, epidermal and dermal alteration in skin lesion with PM before and after treatment was examined using MPM. Microstructure of epidermis as well as content and distribution of collagen and elastin in dermis were quantified to characterize the pathological states of PM. The results showed significant morphological difference between skin lesion before and after treatment, indicating the possibility of MPM to assess the therapeutic efficacy. With the advancement on MPM miniaturization and enhancement of contrast and depth of imaging, the MPM technique can be applied in in vivo tracking PM formation and progression, and leading the better understanding the PM pathogenesis and mechanism of response to any treatment, helping to establish novel effective therapies for PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chun W, Do D, Gweon DG. Design and demonstration of multimodal optical scanning microscopy for confocal and two-photon imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:013701. [PMID: 23387653 DOI: 10.1063/1.4773232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We developed a multimodal microscopy based on an optical scanning system in order to obtain diverse optical information of the same area of a sample. Multimodal imaging researches have mostly depended on a commercial microscope platform, easy to use but restrictive to extend imaging modalities. In this work, the beam scanning optics, especially including a relay lens, was customized to transfer broadband (400-1000 nm) lights to a sample without any optical error or loss. The customized scanning optics guarantees the best performances of imaging techniques utilizing the lights within the design wavelength. Confocal reflection, confocal fluorescence, and two-photon excitation fluorescence images were obtained, through respective implemented imaging channels, to demonstrate imaging feasibility for near-UV, visible, near-IR continuous light, and pulsed light in the scanning optics. The imaging performances for spatial resolution and image contrast were verified experimentally; the results were satisfactory in comparison with theoretical results. The advantages of customization, containing low cost, outstanding combining ability and diverse applications, will contribute to vitalize multimodal imaging researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhee Chun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|