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Lei Y, Meng J, Shi H, Shi C, Li C, Yang Z, Zhang W, Zuo D, Wang F, Wang M. Mannan-binding lectin inhibits oxidative stress-induced senescence via the NAD+/Sirt1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112468. [PMID: 38906004 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged or excessive oxidative stress can lead to premature cellular and body aging. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is synthesized by the liver and plays an important role in innate immunity, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation, and has a positive impact on health and longevity. To date, few studies investigated the role of MBL in attenuating oxidative stress-induced senescence. In this study, we evaluated the role of MBL in oxidative stress-induced premature aging and explored its underlying mechanism in C57BL/6 mice and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH/3T3). First, we established an oxidative premature senescence model induced by D-galactose in C57BL/6 mice. We found that MBL-deficient mice had a marked aging-like appearance, reduced learning and spatial exploration abilities, severe liver pathological damage, and significantly upregulated expression of Senescence-associated proteins (p53 and p21), inflammatory kinesins (IL-1β and IL-6), and the senescence β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) positive rate as compared with WT mice. In the H2O2-induced oxidative senescence model of NIH/3T3 cells, consistent results were obtained after MBL intervention. In addition, MBL effectively inhibited G1 phase arrest, ROS levels, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction in premature senescent cells. Mechanistically, we found that oxidative stress inhibited the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/ silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) signaling pathway, while MBL activated the NAD+/Sirt1 signaling pathway inhibited by oxidative stress. In addition, MBL could activate the NAD+/Sirt1 pathway by upregulating NAMPT, which in turn inhibited p38 phosphorylation by activating the NAD+/Sirt1 pathway. In conclusion, MBL inhibits oxidative aging, which may facilitate the development of therapeutics to delay oxidative aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Lei
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Haiqiang Shi
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chenchen Shi
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chao Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Fanping Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; School of Medical Technology, Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu 476100, China.
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Zare I, Zirak Hassan Kiadeh S, Varol A, Ören Varol T, Varol M, Sezen S, Zarepour A, Mostafavi E, Zahed Nasab S, Rahi A, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A. Glycosylated nanoplatforms: From glycosylation strategies to implications and opportunities for cancer theranostics. J Control Release 2024; 371:158-178. [PMID: 38782062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylated nanoplatforms have emerged as promising tools in the field of cancer theranostics, integrating both therapeutic and diagnostic functionalities. These nanoscale platforms are composed of different materials such as lipids, polymers, carbons, and metals that can be modified with glycosyl moieties to enhance their targeting capabilities towards cancer cells. This review provides an overview of different modification strategies employed to introduce glycosylation onto nanoplatforms, including chemical conjugation, enzymatic methods, and bio-orthogonal reactions. Furthermore, the potential applications of glycosylated nanoplatforms in cancer theranostics are discussed, focusing on their roles in drug delivery, imaging, and combination therapy. The ability of these nanoplatforms to selectively target cancer cells through specific interactions with overexpressed glycan receptors is highlighted, emphasizing their potential for enhancing efficacy and reducing the side effects compared to conventional therapies. In addition, the incorporation of diagnostic components onto the glycosylated nanoplatforms provided the capability of simultaneous imaging and therapy and facilitated the real-time monitoring of treatment response. Finally, challenges and future perspectives in the development and translation of glycosylated nanoplatforms for clinical applications are addressed, including scalability, biocompatibility, and regulatory considerations. Overall, this review underscores the significant progress made in the field of glycosylated nanoplatforms and their potential to revolutionize cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co., Ltd., Shiraz 7178795844, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Zirak Hassan Kiadeh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayşegül Varol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tuğba Ören Varol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla TR48000, Turkiye
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla TR48000, Turkiye
| | - Serap Sezen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkiye; Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shima Zahed Nasab
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amid Rahi
- Pathology and Stem cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkiye.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye; Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan.
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Weaver DF. Endogenous Antimicrobial-Immunomodulatory Molecules: Networking Biomolecules of Innate Immunity. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400089. [PMID: 38658319 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous antimicrobial-immunomodulatory molecules (EAIMs) are essential to immune-mediated human health and evolution. Conventionally, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been regarded as the dominant endogenous antimicrobial molecule; however, AMPs are not sufficient to account for the full spectrum of antimicrobial-immunomodulatory duality occurring within the human body. The threat posed by pathogenic microbes is pervasive with the capacity for widespread impact across many organ systems and multiple biochemical pathways; accordingly, the host needs the capacity to react with an equally diverse response. This can be attained by having EAIMs that traverse the full range of molecular size (small to large molecules) and structural diversity (including molecules other than peptides). This review identifies multiple molecules (peptide/protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, small organic molecule, and metallic cation) as EAIMs and discusses the possibility of cooperative, additive effects amongst the various EAIM classes during the host response to a microbial assault. This comprehensive consideration of the full molecular diversity of EAIMs enables the conclusion that EAIMs constitute a previously uncatalogued structurally diverse and collectively underappreciated immuno-active group of integrated molecular responders within the innate immune system's first line of defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald F Weaver
- Departments of Chemistry and Medicine, University of Toronto, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5Y 0S8, Canada
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Ma Y, Li W, Yang G, Fan Y, Wei P, Liu H, Li X, Gu W, Zhou J, Meng Q. Crab microRNA-381-5p regulates prophenoloxidase activation and phagocytosis to promote intracellular bacteria Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by targeting mannose-binding protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130503. [PMID: 38428783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin plays an essential role in bacteria or virus-triggered immune response in mammals. Previous proteomic data revealed that in Eriocheir sinensis, the mannose-binding protein was differentially expressed after Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection. However, the function of mannose-binding protein against pathogen infection in invertebrates is poorly understood. In this study, a crab mannose-binding protein (EsMBP) was characterized and enhanced the host resistance to S. eriocheiris infection. The application of recombinant C-type carbohydrate recognition domain (CTLD) of EsMBP led to increased crab survival and decreased S. eriocheiris load in hemocytes. Meanwhile, the overexpression of CTLD of EsMBP in Raw264.7 cells inhibited S. eriocheiris intracellular replication. In contrast, depletion of EsMBP by RNA interference or antibody neutralization attenuated phenoloxidase activity and hemocyte phagocytosis, rendering host more susceptible to S. eriocheiris infection. Furthermore, miR-381-5p in hemocytes suppressed EsMBP expression and negatively regulated phenoloxidase activity to exacerbate S. eriocheiris invasion of hemocytes. Taken together, our findings revealed that crab mannose-binding protein was involved in host defense against S. eriocheiris infection and targeted by miR-381-5p, providing further insights into the control of S. eriocheiris spread in crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanzheng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yangzhi Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Panpan Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuguang Li
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China.
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, PR China.
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Wu C, Pan Y, Wang L, Liu M, Tu P, Chen S, Shi L, Yan D, Ma Y, Guo Y. Inhibition of HDAC6 promotes microvascular endothelial cells to phagocytize myelin debris and reduces inflammatory response to accelerate the repair of spinal cord injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14439. [PMID: 37641882 PMCID: PMC10916453 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify an effective strategy for promoting microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) to phagocytize myelin debris and reduce secretion of inflammatory factors following spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS We established a coculture model of myelin debris and vascular-like structures. The efficiency with which MECs phagocytize myelin debris under different conditions was examined via ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. Tubastatin-A was used to interfere with the coculture model. The anti-inflammatory effects of Tubastatin-A were observed by HE staining, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. RESULTS MECs phagocytized myelin debris via IgM opsonization, and phagocytosis promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors, whereas IgG-opsonized myelin debris had no effect on inflammatory factors. Application of the HDAC6 inhibitor Tubastatin-A increased the IgG levels and decreased the IgM levels by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Tubastatin-A exerted a regulatory effect on the HDAC6-mediated autophagy-lysosome pathway, promoting MECs to phagocytize myelin debris, reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors, and accelerating the repair of SCI. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of HDAC6 to regulate the immune-inflammatory response and promote MECs to phagocytize myelin debris may represent a novel strategy in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Wu
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yalan Pan
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Nursing Intervention for Chronic DiseasesNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lining Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Mengmin Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Sixian Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Danqing Yan
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Traumatology and OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction, Institute of Traumatology & OrthopedicsNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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Sant'Anna MRV, Pereira-Filho AA, Mendes-Sousa AF, Silva NCS, Gontijo NF, Pereira MH, Koerich LB, D'Avila Pessoa GC, Andersen J, Araujo RN. Inhibition of vertebrate complement system by hematophagous arthropods: inhibitory molecules, mechanisms, physiological roles, and applications. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38246860 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In arthropods, hematophagy has arisen several times throughout evolution. This specialized feeding behavior offered a highly nutritious diet obtained during blood feeds. On the other hand, blood-sucking arthropods must overcome problems brought on by blood intake and digestion. Host blood complement acts on the bite site and is still active after ingestion, so complement activation is a potential threat to the host's skin feeding environment and to the arthropod gut enterocytes. During evolution, blood-sucking arthropods have selected, either in their saliva or gut, anticomplement molecules that inactivate host blood complement. This review presents an overview of the complement system and discusses the arthropod's salivary and gut anticomplement molecules studied to date, exploring their mechanism of action and other aspects related to the arthropod-host-pathogen interface. The possible therapeutic applications of arthropod's anticomplement molecules are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Roberto Vianna Sant'Anna
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Alves Pereira-Filho
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Naylene Carvalho Sales Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Nelder Figueiredo Gontijo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos Horácio Pereira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Barbosa Koerich
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Grasielle Caldas D'Avila Pessoa
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - John Andersen
- Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Ricardo Nascimento Araujo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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de Andrade LV, de Souza Sá MV, Vasconcelos B, Vasconcelos LRS, Khouri R, de Souza CDF, Armstrong ADC, do Carmo RF. High production MBL2 polymorphisms protect against COVID-19 complications in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23670. [PMID: 38187242 PMCID: PMC10770498 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binds to SARS-CoV-2, inhibits infection of susceptible cells, and activates the complement system via the lectin pathway. In this study, we investigated the association of MBL2 polymorphisms with the risk of hospitalization and clinical worsening in patients with COVID-19. A total of 550 patients with COVID-19 were included (94 non-hospitalized and 456 hospitalized). Polymorphisms in MBL2 exon 1 (codons 52, 54 and 57) and promoter region (-550, -221, and +4) were determined by real-time PCR. MBL and complement proteins were measured by Luminex. A higher frequency of the H/H genotype and the HYPA haplotype was observed in non-hospitalized patients when compared to hospitalized. In addition, critically ill patients carrying haplotypes associated with high MBL levels (HYPA/HYPA + HYPA/LYPA + HYPA/LYQA + LYPA/LYQA + LYPA/LYPA + LYQA/LYQA + LXPA/HYPA + LXPA/LYQA + LXPA/LYPA) were protected against lower oxygen saturation levels (P = 0.02), use of invasive ventilation use (P = 0.02, OR 0.38), and shock (P = 0.01, OR 0.40), independent of other potential confounders adjusted by multivariate analysis. Our results suggest that variants in MBL2 associated with high MBL levels may play a protective role in the clinical course of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Viana de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Mirela Vanessa de Souza Sá
- Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Khouri
- Instituto de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
- Colegiado de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
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Mao Y, Wei H, Gong Y, Peng L, Chen Y. Association of MBL2 gene polymorphisms and MBL levels with dilated cardiomyopathy in a Chinese Han population. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:11. [PMID: 38167099 PMCID: PMC10763076 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that Mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene polymorphisms and expression levels are related to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study aimed to investigate the potential association between MBL2 gene polymorphisms and the pathogenesis of DCM. METHODS Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MBL2 gene were genotyped in 440 DCM patients and 532 controls in Southwest China. A luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the transcriptional activity the different genotypes. MBL serum levels, left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and lower left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were measured. RESULTS The rs11003125 C allele increased the transcriptional activity of the MBL2 promoter compared with the rs11003125 G allele. The rs11003125 CC carriers had higher MBL serum levels, LVEF and LVEDD than the rs11003125 CG and GG carriers. CONCLUSIONS Our study first revealed that MBL2 polymorphisms and serum MBL levels were associated with DCM. Allele C in rs11003125 of MBL2 may upregulate the expression levels of MBL. High serum MBL levels may be a protective factor in DCM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Mao
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yugang Gong
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Vafadar A, Vosough P, Jahromi HK, Tajbakhsh A, Savardshtaki A, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. The role of efferocytosis and transplant rejection: Strategies in promoting transplantation tolerance using apoptotic cell therapy and/or synthetic particles. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:959-977. [PMID: 37787641 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been made to recognize the precise reason(s) for transplant failure and the process of rejection utilizing the molecular signature. Most transplant recipients do not appreciate the unknown length of survival of allogeneic grafts with the existing standard of care. Two noteworthy immunological pathways occur during allogeneic transplant rejection. A nonspecific innate immune response predominates in the early stages of the immune reaction, and allogeneic antigens initiate a donor-specific adaptive reaction. Though the adaptive response is the major cause of allograft rejection, earlier pro-inflammatory responses that are part of the innate immune response are also regarded as significant in graft loss. The onset of the innate and adaptive immune response causes chronic and acute transplant rejection. Currently employed immunosuppressive medications have shown little or no influence on chronic rejection and, as a result, on overall long-term transplant survival. Furthermore, long-term pharmaceutical immunosuppression is associated with side effects, toxicity, and an increased risk of developing diseases, both infectious and metabolic. As a result, there is a need for the development of innovative donor-specific immunosuppressive medications to regulate the allorecognition pathways that induce graft loss and to reduce the side effects of immunosuppression. Efferocytosis is an immunomodulatory mechanism with fast and efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs). As such, AC therapy strategies have been suggested to limit transplant-related sequelae. Efferocytosis-based medicines/treatments can also decrease the use of immunosuppressive drugs and have no detrimental side effects. Thus, this review aims to investigate the impact of efferocytosis on transplant rejection/tolerance and identify approaches using AC clearance to increase transplant viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Vafadar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parisa Vosough
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kargar Jahromi
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Disease, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardshtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Lake BM, Rullo AF. Offsetting Low-Affinity Carbohydrate Binding with Covalency to Engage Sugar-Specific Proteins for Tumor-Immune Proximity Induction. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2064-2075. [PMID: 38033792 PMCID: PMC10683482 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding receptors are often used by the innate immune system to potentiate inflammation, target endocytosis/destruction, and adaptive immunity (e.g., CD206, DC-SIGN, MBL, and anticarbohydrate antibodies). To access this class of receptors for cancer immunotherapy, a growing repertoire of bifunctional proximity-inducing therapeutics use high-avidity multivalent carbohydrate binding domains to offset the intrinsically low affinity associated with monomeric carbohydrate-protein binding interactions (Kd ≈ 10-3-10-6 M). For applications aimed at recruiting anticarbohydrate antibodies to tumor cells, large synthetic scaffolds are used that contain both a tumor-binding domain (TBD) and a multivalent antibody-binding domain (ABD) comprising multiple l-rhamnose monosaccharides. This allows for stable bridging between tumor cells and antibodies, which activates tumoricidal immune function. Problematically, such multivalent macromolecules can face limitations including synthetic and/or structural complexity and the potential for off-target immune engagement. We envisioned that small bifunctional "proximity-inducing" molecules containing a low-affinity monovalent ABD could efficiently engage carbohydrate-binding receptors for tumor-immune proximity by coupling weak binding with covalent engagement. Typical covalent drugs and electrophilic chimeras use high-affinity ligands to promote the fast covalent engagement of target proteins (i.e., large kinact/KI), driven by a favorably small KI for binding. We hypothesized the much less favorable KI associated with carbohydrate-protein binding interactions can be offset by a favorably large kinact for the covalent labeling step. In the current study, we test this hypothesis in the context of a model system that uses rhamnose-specific antibodies to induce tumor-immune proximity and tumoricidal function. We discovered that synthetic chimeric molecules capable of preorganizing an optimal electrophile (i.e., SuFEx vs activated ester) for protein engagement can rapidly covalently engage natural sources of antirhamnose antibody using only a single low-affinity rhamnose monosaccharide ABD. Strikingly, we observe chimeric molecules lacking an electrophile, which can only noncovalently bind the antibody, completely lack tumoricidal function. This is in stark contrast to previous work targeting small molecule hapten and peptide-specific antibodies. Our findings underscore the utility of covalency as a strategy to engage low-affinity carbohydrate-specific proteins for tumor-immune proximity induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
P. M. Lake
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center, Center
for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical
Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony F. Rullo
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center, Center
for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical
Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, Canada
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11
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Xu L, Jiang H, Xie J, Xu Q, Zhou J, Lu X, Wang M, Dong L, Zuo D. Mannan-binding lectin ameliorates renal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21882. [PMID: 38034794 PMCID: PMC10685189 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a pattern-recognition molecule that plays a crucial role in innate immunity. MBL deficiency correlates with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully defined. Here, we established a CKD model in wild-type (WT) and MBL-deficient (MBL-/-) mice via unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The result showed that MBL deficiency aggravated the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in CKD mice. Strikingly, the in vivo macrophage depletion investigation revealed that macrophages play an essential role in the MBL-mediated suppression of renal fibrosis. We found that MBL limited the progression of macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) in kidney tissues of UUO mice. Further in vitro study showed that MBL-/- macrophages exhibited significantly increased levels of fibrotic-related molecules compared with WT cells upon transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) stimulation. We demonstrated that MBL inhibited the MMT process by suppressing the production of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and activation of Akt signaling. In summary, our study revealed an expected role of MBL on macrophage transition during renal fibrosis, thus offering new insight into the potential of MBL as a therapeutic target for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Clinical Research Institute of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524045, China
| | - Honglian Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jingwen Xie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qishan Xu
- Clinical Research Institute of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524045, China
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- School of Medical Technology, Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Ai H, Wang Y, Zhang P, Du L, Wang J, Wang S, Gao H, Li B. A pattern recognition receptor C-type lectin TcCTL14 contributes to immune response and development in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:1363-1377. [PMID: 36518010 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that pattern recognition receptor (PRR) C-type lectins (CTL) play essential roles in recognition of pathogens. TcCTL14 (accession no. TC00871) contains the most domains among all CTL of Tribolium castaneum. Yet the biological function of TcCTL14 remains unclear. In this study, TcCTL14 exhibiting typical motif and domain of CTL was cloned from T. castaneum. The expression pattern analysis showed that TcCTL14 was highly expressed in late pupae and central nervous system, and was upregulated after treatment with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Analysis of binding affinity revealed that recombinant TcCTL14 not only could bind to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan in a dose-dependent fashion, but possibly could bind to and agglutinate different bacteria in a Ca2+ -dependent fashion. Knockdown of TcCTL14 before injection with bacteria led to the downregulation of nuclear factor-κB transcription factors of Toll/IMD and 4 antimicrobial peptides. Knockdown of TcCTL14 also caused suppressed metamorphosis, reduced fecundity, and delayed embryogenesis of T. castaneum. Further observation discovered that knockdown of TcCTL14 inhibited the development of ovaries and embryos. The detection of signaling pathways revealed that TcCTL14 may be involved in metamorphosis and fecundity by impacting 20-hydroxyecdysone and vitellogenin, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that TcCTL14 may contribute to immune response by agglutination or regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides by the Toll/IMD pathway, and is required for T. castaneum development including metamorphosis, fecundity, and embryogenesis. These findings will improve the functional cognition of PRR CTL in insects and provide the new strategy for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huayi Ai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liheng Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiatao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suisui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Serrasqueiro F, Barbosa AI, Lima SAC, Reis S. Targeting the Mannose Receptor with Functionalized Fucoidan/Chitosan Nanoparticles Triggers the Classical Activation of Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9908. [PMID: 37373056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how nanoparticles' properties influence their cellular interactions is a bottleneck for improving the design of carriers. Macrophage polarization governs their active role in solving infections or tissue repair. To unravel the effect of carbohydrate-targeting mannose receptors on the macrophage surface, drug-free fucoidan/chitosan nanoparticles were functionalized using mannose (M) and mannan (Mn). Polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles were obtained upon chitosan self-assembly using fucoidan. The functionalized nanoparticles were characterized in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, chemical profile, and carbohydrate orientation. The nanoparticles varied in size from 200 to 400 nm, were monodisperse, and had a stable negative zeta potential with a low aggregation tendency. The nonfunctionalized and functionalized nanoparticles retained their properties for up to 12 weeks. Cell viability and internalization studies were performed for all the designed nanoparticles in the THP-1 monocytes and THP-1-differentiated macrophages. The expression of the mannose receptor was verified in both immune cells. The carbohydrate-functionalized nanoparticles led to their activation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Both M- and Mn-coated nanoparticles modulate macrophages toward an M1-polarized state. These findings demonstrate the tailoring of these nanoplatforms to interact and alter the macrophage phenotype in vitro and represent their therapeutic potential either alone or in combination with a loaded drug for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Serrasqueiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Barbosa
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia A Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salette Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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14
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Gui Y, Zeng Y, Chen B, Yang Y, Ma J, Li C. A smart pathogen detector engineered from intracellular hydrogelation of DNA-decorated macrophages. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2927. [PMID: 37217531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection is a major threat to global public health, which urgently requires useful tools to rapidly analyze pathogens in the early stages of infection. Herein, we develop a smart macrophage (Mø)-based bacteria detector, which can recognize, capture, enrich and detect different bacteria and their secreted exotoxins. We transform the fragile native Møs into robust gelated cell particles (GMøs) using photo-activated crosslinking chemistry, which retains membrane integrity and recognition capacity for different microbes. Meanwhile, these GMøs equipped with magnetic nanoparticles and DNA sensing elements can not only respond to an external magnet for facile bacteria collection, but allow the detection of multiple types of bacteria in a single assay. Additionally, we design a propidium iodide-based staining assay to rapidly detect pathogen-associated exotoxins at ultralow concentrations. Overall, these nanoengineered cell particles have broad applicability in the analysis of bacteria, and could potentially be used for the management and diagnosis of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Gui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Binrui Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yueping Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiehua Ma
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200336, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, P. R. China.
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15
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Wheeler EA, Lenhart-Pendergrass PM, Rysavy NM, Poch K, Caceres S, Calhoun KM, Serban K, Nick JA, Malcolm KC. Divergent host innate immune response to the smooth-to-rough M. abscessus adaptation to chronic infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.15.540822. [PMID: 37293112 PMCID: PMC10245581 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.15.540822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is a nontuberculous mycobacterium emerging as a significant pathogen for individuals with chronic lung disease, including cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Current therapeutics have poor efficacy. New strategies of bacterial control based on host defenses are appealing, but anti-mycobacterial immune mechanisms are poorly understood and are complicated by the appearance of smooth and rough morphotypes with distinct host responses. We explored the role of the complement system in the clearance of M. abscessus morphotypes by neutrophils, an abundant cell in these infections. M. abscessus opsonized with plasma from healthy individuals promoted greater killing by neutrophils compared to opsonization in heat-inactivated plasma. Rough clinical isolates were more resistant to complement but were still efficiently killed. Complement C3 associated strongly with the smooth morphotype while mannose-binding lectin 2 was associated with the rough morphotype. M. abscessus killing was dependent on C3, but not on C1q or Factor B; furthermore, competition of mannose-binding lectin 2 binding with mannan or N-acetyl-glucosamine during opsonization did not inhibit killing. These data suggest that M. abscessus does not canonically activate complement through the classical, alternative, or lectin pathways. Complement-mediated killing was dependent on IgG and IgM for smooth and on IgG for rough M. abscessus. Both morphotypes were recognized by Complement Receptor 3 (CD11b), but not CR1 (CD35), and in a carbohydrate- and calcium-dependent manner. These data suggest the smooth-to-rough adaptation changes complement recognition of M. abscessus and that complement is an important factor for M. abscessus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noel M Rysavy
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Katie Poch
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Silvia Caceres
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Kara M Calhoun
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Karina Serban
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Jerry A Nick
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Kenneth C Malcolm
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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16
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Mu L, Yin X, Bai H, Li J, Qiu L, Zeng Q, Fu S, Ye J. Mannose-binding lectin suppresses macrophage proliferation through TGF-β1 signaling pathway in Nile tilapia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159577. [PMID: 37261343 PMCID: PMC10227430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a multifunctional pattern recognition molecule, which not only mediates the recognition of pathogenic microorganisms and their products, playing an important role in innate immune defense, but also participates in adaptive immune responses of mammalian. However, it's related immune mechanism remains limited, especially the regulation of cell proliferation in early vertebrates. In this study, OnMBL was found to bind to kidney macrophages (MФ) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Interestingly, OnMBL was able to reduce the proliferation of activated-MФ by regulating the cell cycle, arresting a large number of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and increasing the probability of apoptosis. More importantly, we found that the inhibition of cell proliferation by OnMBL was closely related to the evolutionarily conserved canonical transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway. Mechanistically, OnMBL could significantly increase the expression of TGF-β1, activate and regulate the downstream Smad-dependent pathway to reduce the MФ proliferation, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis in the body's internal environment. This study represents the first description regarding the regulatory mechanisms of the MBL on cell proliferation in teleost fish, which provides a novel perspective on the understanding of the multiple function and evolutionary origins of C-type lectins in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Mu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiadong Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingliang Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengli Fu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianmin Ye
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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17
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Yu LT, Hancu MC, Kreutzberger MAB, Henrickson A, Demeler B, Egelman EH, Hartgerink JD. Hollow Octadecameric Self-Assembly of Collagen-like Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5285-5296. [PMID: 36812303 PMCID: PMC10131286 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The folding of collagen is a hierarchical process that starts with three peptides associating into the characteristic triple helical fold. Depending on the specific collagen in question, these triple helices then assemble into bundles reminiscent of α-helical coiled-coils. Unlike α-helices, however, the bundling of collagen triple helices is very poorly understood with almost no direct experimental data available. In order to shed light on this critical step of collagen hierarchical assembly, we have examined the collagenous region of complement component 1q. Thirteen synthetic peptides were prepared to dissect the critical regions allowing for its octadecameric self-assembly. We find that short peptides (under 40 amino acids) are able to self-assemble into specific (ABC)6 octadecamers. This requires the ABC heterotrimeric composition as the self-assembly subunit, but does not require disulfide bonds. Self-assembly into this octadecamer is aided by short noncollagenous sequences at the N-terminus, although they are not entirely required. The mechanism of self-assembly appears to begin with the very slow formation of the ABC heterotrimeric helix, followed by rapid bundling of triple helices into progressively larger oligomers, terminating in the formation of the (ABC)6 octadecamer. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals the (ABC)6 assembly as a remarkable, hollow, crown-like structure with an open channel approximately 18 Å at the narrow end and 30 Å at the wide end. This work helps to illuminate the structure and assembly mechanism of a critical protein in the innate immune system and lays the groundwork for the de novo design of higher order collagen mimetic peptide assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Tracy Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Maria C. Hancu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Mark A. B. Kreutzberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Box 800733, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Amy Henrickson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Borries Demeler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Edward H. Egelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Box 800733, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Hartgerink
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
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18
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Yang J, Yang K, Wang K, Zhou D, Zhou J, Du X, Liu S, Cheng Z. Serum amyloid A regulates TLR2/4-mediated IFN-β signaling pathway against Marek's disease virus. Virus Res 2023; 326:199044. [PMID: 36652973 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute response phase protein (APP), is crucial for the innate immune response during pathogenic microorganisms' invasion. Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that activates multiple innate immune molecules, including SAA, in the host during infection. However, the pathway through which SAA participates in MDV-induced host innate immunity remains unknown. The present study aimed to elucidate the pathway through which SAA exerts its anti-MDV function. We observed that MDV infection in vivo and in vitro significantly elevated SAA expression. Furthermore, through SAA overexpression and knockdown experiments, we demonstrated that SAA could inhibit MDV replication. Subsequently, we found that SAA activated Toll-Like Receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) -mediated Interferon Beta (IFN-β) promoter activity and IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) promoter activity. During MDV infection, SAA enhanced TLR2/4-mediated IFN-β signal transduction and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression of type I IFN (IFN-I) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Finally, TLR2/4 inhibitor OxPAPC inhibits the anti-MDV activity of SAA. These results demonstrated that SAA inhibits MDV replication and enhancing TLR2/4-mediated IFN-β signal transduction to promote IFNs and ISGs expression. This finding is the first to demonstrate the signaling pathway by which SAA exerts its anti-MDV function. It also provides new insights into the control of oncogenic herpesviruses from the perspective of acute response phase proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Kunmei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Kang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Defang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xusheng Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shenglong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China.
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19
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Wang S, Ai H, Zhang Y, Bi J, Gao H, Chen P, Li B. Functional Analysis of a Multiple-Domain CTL15 in the Innate Immunity, Eclosion, and Reproduction of Tribolium castaneum. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040608. [PMID: 36831275 PMCID: PMC9954269 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin X (CTL-X) plays critical roles in immune defense, cell adhesion, and developmental regulation. Here, a transmembrane CTL-X of Tribolium castaneum, TcCTL15, with multiple domains was characterized. It was highly expressed in the early and late pupae and early adults and was distributed in all examined tissues. In addition, its expression levels were significantly induced after being challenged with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bacteria. In vitro, the recombinant TcCTL15 could recognize bacteria through binding PAMPs and exhibit agglutinating activity against a narrow range of bacteria in the presence of Ca2+. RNAi-mediated TcCTL15-knockdown-larvae infected with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed less survival, had activated immune signaling pathways, and induced the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. Moreover, silencing TcCTL15 caused eclosion defects by impairing ecdysone and crustacean cardioactive peptide receptors (CCAPRs). Suppression of TcCTL15 in female adults led to defects in ovary development and fecundity, accompanied by concomitant reductions in the mRNA levels of vitellogenin (TcVg) and farnesol dehydrogenase (TcFDH). These findings imply that TcCTL15 has extensive functions in developmental regulation and antibacterial immunity. Uncovering the function of TcCTL15 will enrich the understanding of CTL-X in invertebrates. Its multiple biological functions endow the potential to be an attractive target for pest control.
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Suvarna V, Sawant N, Desai N. A Review on Recent Advances in Mannose-Functionalized Targeted Nanocarrier Delivery Systems in Cancer and Infective Therapeutics. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2023; 40:43-82. [PMID: 36734913 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2022041853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Unmodified nanocarriers used in the chemotherapy of cancers and various infectious diseases exhibit prolonged blood circulation time, prevent enzymatic degradation and increase chemical stability of encapsulated therapeutics. However, off-target effect and lack of specificity associated with unmodified nanoparticles (NPs) limit their applications in the health care system. Mannose (Man) receptors with significant overexpression on antigen-presenting cells and macrophages are among the most admired targets for cancer and anti-infective therapeutics. Therefore, development of Man functionalized nanocarriers targeting Man receptors, for target specific drug delivery in the chemotherapy have been extensively studied. Present review expounds diverse Man-conjugated NPs with their potential for targeted drug delivery, improved biodistribution profiles and localization. Additionally, the review gives detailed account of the interactions of mannosylated NPs with various biological systems and their characterization not discussed in earlier published reports is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niserga Sawant
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai 400049, Maharashtra, India
| | - Namita Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai - 400049, Maharashtra, India
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21
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Zhao BR, Wang XX, Liu PP, Wang XW. Complement-related proteins in crustacean immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104577. [PMID: 36265592 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an important part of innate immune system, complement system is widely involved in defense response and immune regulation, and plays an important biological role. The complement system has been deeply studied. More than 30 complement-related molecules and three major complement-activation pathways have been identified in vertebrates. Crustacean animals do not have complement system. There are only some complement-related proteins in crustaceans which are important for host defense. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about complement-related proteins in crustaceans, and their functions in crustacean immunity. We also make a comparation of the crustacean pro-phenoloxidase activating system and the mammalian complement system. This review provides a better understanding of the evolution and function of complement-related proteins in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Rui Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ping-Ping Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xian-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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22
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Tu H, Li YL. Inflammation balance in skeletal muscle damage and repair. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133355. [PMID: 36776867 PMCID: PMC9909416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Responding to tissue injury, skeletal muscles undergo the tissue destruction and reconstruction accompanied with inflammation. The immune system recognizes the molecules released from or exposed on the damaged tissue. In the local minor tissue damage, tissue-resident macrophages sequester pro-inflammatory debris to prevent initiation of inflammation. In most cases of the skeletal muscle injury, however, a cascade of inflammation will be initiated through activation of local macrophages and mast cells and recruitment of immune cells from blood circulation to the injured site by recongnization of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and activated complement system. During the inflammation, macrophages and neutrophils scavenge the tissue debris to release inflammatory cytokines and the latter stimulates myoblast fusion and vascularization to promote injured muscle repair. On the other hand, an abundance of released inflammatory cytokines and chemokines causes the profound hyper-inflammation and mobilization of immune cells to trigger a vicious cycle and lead to the cytokine storm. The cytokine storm results in the elevation of cytolytic and cytotoxic molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the damaged muscle to aggravates the tissue injury, including the healthy bystander tissue. Severe inflammation in the skeletal muscle can lead to rhabdomyolysis and cause sepsis-like systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS) and remote organ damage. Therefore, understanding more details on the involvement of inflammatory factors and immune cells in the skeletal muscle damage and repair can provide the new precise therapeutic strategies, including attenuation of the muscle damage and promotion of the muscle repair.
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23
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Izakovicova P, Slezakova S, Jiraskova Zakostelska Z, Sistkova J, Mlcuchova N, Bartova J, Petanova J, Kuklinek P, Fassmann A, Dusek L, Izakovicova Holla L, Borilova Linhartova P. Gene polymorphisms and serum levels of mannose-binding lectin in Czech patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A case-control study. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:81-90. [PMID: 36371667 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most prevalent oral mucosal immunological diseases. A recent case-control study in the Egyptian population suggested that single nucleotide polymorphism Gly54Asp (rs1800450) of the mannose-binding lectin 2 gene might affect the mannose-binding lectin serum level and recurrent aphthous stomatitis development. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of six functional mannose-binding lectin 2 gene polymorphisms and analyse their role in recurrent aphthous stomatitis susceptibility in the Czech population. METHODS The study included 227 subjects; 137 healthy people and 90 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Six mannose-binding lectin 2 gene polymorphisms (rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891, rs5030737, rs1800450, rs1800451) were analysed by the SNaPshot assay method, mannose-binding lectin serum levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in a subgroup of subjects (N = 87). RESULTS No significant differences in mean of mannose-binding lectin serum levels between healthy controls and patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis were observed (383 ng/ml ± 249 standard deviation (SD) vs. 316 ng/ml ± 177 SD in remission phase vs. 343 ng/ml ± 254 SD in active phase; p > 0.05), also the allele and genotype frequencies of the studied mannose-binding lectin 2 polymorphisms did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > 0.05, odds ratio (OR): 0.75-1.23). Moreover, the distribution of mannose-binding lectin 2 haplotypes and haplogenotypes was similar in the healthy subjects and patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (p > 0.05, OR: 0.75-1.23). CONCLUSIONS This study did not confirm the previously reported association of the mannose-binding lectin 2 Gly54Asp gene variant and low mannose-binding lectin serum level as the risk factors for susceptibility to recurrent aphthous stomatitis. In addition, no significant relationships between mannose-binding lectin 2 functional haplotypes or haplogenotypes and recurrent aphthous stomatitis were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Slezakova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jana Sistkova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Mlcuchova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartova
- Department of Stomatology, General University Hospital in Prague and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Petanova
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, General University Hospital in Prague and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kuklinek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Fassmann
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dusek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Borilova Linhartova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Institution Shared with University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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24
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Mastrotto F, Pirazzini M, Negro S, Salama A, Martinez-Pomares L, Mantovani G. Sulfation at Glycopolymer Side Chains Switches Activity at the Macrophage Mannose Receptor (CD206) In Vitro and In Vivo. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23134-23147. [PMID: 36472883 PMCID: PMC9782796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mannose receptor (CD206) is an endocytic receptor expressed by selected innate immune cells and nonvascular endothelium, which plays a critical role in both homeostasis and pathogen recognition. Although its involvement in the development of several diseases and viral infections is well established, molecular tools able to both provide insight on the chemistry of CD206-ligand interactions and, importantly, effectively modulate its activity are currently lacking. Using novel SO4-3-Gal-glycopolymers targeting its cysteine-rich lectin ectodomain, this study uncovers and elucidates a previously unknown mechanism of CD206 blockade involving the formation of stable intracellular SO4-3-Gal-glycopolymer-CD206 complexes that prevents receptor recycling to the cell membrane. Further, we show that SO4-3-Gal glycopolymers inhibit CD206 both in vitro and in vivo, revealing hitherto unknown receptor function and demonstrating their potential as CD206 modulators within future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mastrotto
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marco Pirazzini
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Samuele Negro
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alan Salama
- Department
of Renal Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, U.K.
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25
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Riba M, Campo-Sabariz J, Tena I, Molina-Porcel L, Ximelis T, Calvo M, Ferrer R, Martín-Venegas R, del Valle J, Vilaplana J, Pelegrí C. Wasteosomes (corpora amylacea) of human brain can be phagocytosed and digested by macrophages. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:177. [PMID: 36307854 PMCID: PMC9617366 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00915-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Corpora amylacea of human brain, recently renamed as wasteosomes, are granular structures that appear during aging and also accumulate in specific areas of the brain in neurodegenerative conditions. Acting as waste containers, wasteosomes are formed by polyglucosan aggregates that entrap and isolate toxic and waste substances of different origins. They are expelled from the brain to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and can be phagocytosed by macrophages. In the present study, we analyze the phagocytosis of wasteosomes and the mechanisms involved in this process. Accordingly, we purified wasteosomes from post-mortem extracted human CSF and incubated them with THP-1 macrophages. Immunofluorescence staining and time-lapse recording techniques were performed to evaluate the phagocytosis. We also immunostained human hippocampal sections to study possible interactions between wasteosomes and macrophages at central nervous system interfaces. Results We observed that the wasteosomes obtained from post-mortem extracted CSF are opsonized by MBL and the C3b complement protein. Moreover, we observed that CD206 and CD35 receptors may be involved in the phagocytosis of these wasteosomes by THP-1 macrophages. Once phagocytosed, wasteosomes become degraded and some of the resulting fractions can be exposed on the surface of macrophages and interchanged between different macrophages. However, brain tissue studies show that, in physiological conditions, CD206 but not CD35 receptors may be involved in the phagocytosis of wasteosomes. Conclusions The present study indicates that macrophages have the machinery required to process and degrade wasteosomes, and that macrophages can interact in different ways with wasteosomes. In physiological conditions, the main mechanism involve CD206 receptors and M2 macrophages, which trigger the phagocytosis of wasteosomes without inducing inflammatory responses, thus avoiding tissue damage. However, altered wasteosomes like those obtained from post-mortem extracted CSF, which may exhibit waste elements, become opsonized by MBL and C3b, and so CD35 receptors constitute another possible mechanism of phagocytosis, leading in this case to inflammatory responses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00915-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Riba
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Campo-Sabariz
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentàries (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iraida Tena
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.10403.360000000091771775Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Ximelis
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.10403.360000000091771775Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Calvo
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Unitat de Microscòpia Òptica Avançada - Campus Clínic, Facultat de Medicina, Centres Científics i Tecnològics - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Ferrer
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentàries (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Venegas
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentàries (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume del Valle
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaplana
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carme Pelegrí
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Neutrophils activated by membrane attack complexes increase the permeability of melanoma blood vessels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122716119. [PMID: 35960843 PMCID: PMC9388087 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122716119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell dissemination is the seed for metastasis and adversely linked to patients’ benefit. Critical for hematogenous dissemination is the entrance of the cancer cell into the circulation, which is regulated by vascular permeability within the primary tumor. Here, we describe pathophysiological communication between endothelial cells, tumor infiltrating neutrophils, and the complement system, with implications for vascular barrier opening and melanoma cell dissemination. Experiments in complement-deficient animals indicate that interference with complement-mediated activation of neutrophils stabilizes blood vessel integrity and abolishes the systemic spread of melanoma cells. The microenvironment of malignant melanomas defines the properties of tumor blood vessels and regulates infiltration and vascular dissemination of immune and cancer cells, respectively. Previous research in other cancer entities suggested the complement system as an essential part of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we confirm activation of the complement system in samples of melanoma patients and murine melanomas. We identified the tumor endothelium as the starting point of the complement cascade. Generation of complement-derived C5a promoted the recruitment of neutrophils. Upon contact with the vascular endothelium, neutrophils were further activated by complement membrane attack complexes (MACs). MAC-activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Close to the blood vessel wall, NETs opened the endothelial barrier as indicated by an enhanced vascular leakage. This facilitated the entrance of melanoma cells into the circulation and their systemic spread. Depletion of neutrophils or lack of MAC formation in complement component 6 (C6)–deficient animals protected the vascular endothelium and prevented vascular intravasation of melanoma cells. Our data suggest that inhibition of MAC-mediated neutrophil activation is a potent strategy to abolish hematogenous dissemination in melanoma.
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Imamichi Y, Hikosaka K, Kawai N, Koubaku N, Hosoi M, Mizuta S, Yokoyama Y. Purification, characterization and cDNA cloning of a lectin from the brittle star Ophioplocus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110757. [PMID: 35644319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that possess specific sugar-binding properties and are involved in various biological activities in different organisms. In this study, purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of a brittle star lectin, designated as Ophioplocus japonicus agglutinin (OJA), were conducted. OJA was isolated from the brittle star O. japonicus by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 column, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on a Resource Q column. This lectin yielded distinct bands at approximately 176 or 17 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under non-reducing or reducing conditions, respectively. It also exhibited Ca2+-dependent hemagglutination activity, which, however, was not affected by other metal cations, such as Ba2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+. The OJA activity was strongly inhibited by glucose and xylose among the monosaccharides tested, and by bovine thyroglobulin among the glycoproteins tested. Cloning of the OJA cDNA revealed that its primary structure contained the C-type lectin domain (CTLD). The results of this study showed that OJA is an echinoderm-derived glucose/xylose-specific lectin that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Imamichi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Kensuke Hikosaka
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawai
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naruchika Koubaku
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Masatomi Hosoi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Shoshi Mizuta
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan.
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How Gut Bacterial Dysbiosis Can Promote Candida albicans Overgrowth during Colonic Inflammation. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051014. [PMID: 35630457 PMCID: PMC9147621 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal opportunistic yeast, which is capable of colonising many segments of the human digestive tract. Excessive C. albicans overgrowth in the gut is associated with multiple risk factors such as immunosuppression, antibiotic treatment associated with changes to the gut microbiota and digestive mucosa that support C. albicans translocation across the digestive intestinal barrier and haematogenous dissemination, leading to invasive fungal infections. The C. albicans cell wall contains mannoproteins, β-glucans, and chitin, which are known to trigger a wide range of host cell activities and to circulate in the blood during fungal infection. This review describes the role of C. albicans in colonic inflammation and how various receptors are involved in the immune defence against C. albicans with a special focus on the role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and TLRs in intestinal homeostasis and C. albicans sensing. This review highlights gut microbiota dysbiosis during colonic inflammation in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis murine model and the effect of fungal glycan fractions, in particular β-glucans and chitin, on the modification of the gut microbiota, as well as how these glycans modulate the immuno-inflammatory response of the host.
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29
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Heja D, Zhao D, Cody E, Cumpelik A, Lim PC, Prado-Acosta M, Palma L, Dellepiane S, Chun N, Ferrara J, Heeger PS. Mannan binding lectin promotes murine graft versus host disease by amplifying lipopolysaccharide-initiated inflammation. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:472.e1-472.e11. [PMID: 35643350 PMCID: PMC9357100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Conditioning regimens used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) can escalate the severity of acute T cell-mediated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by disrupting gastrointestinal integrity and initiating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-dependent innate immune cell activation. Activation of the complement cascade has been associated with murine GVHD, and previous work has shown that alternative pathway complement activation can amplify T cell immunity. Whether and how mannan-binding lectin (MBL), a component of the complement system that binds mannose as well as oligosaccharide components of LPS and lipoteichoic acid, affects GVHD is unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that MBL modulates murine GVHD and examined the mechanisms by which it does so. We adoptively transferred C3.SW bone marrow (BM) cells ± T cells into irradiated wild type (WT) or MBL-deficient C57Bl/6 (B6) recipients with or without inhibiting MBL-initiated complement activation using C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). We analyzed the clinical severity of disease expression and analyzed intestinal gene and cell infiltration. In vitro studies assessed MBL expression on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and compared LPS-induced responses of WT and MBL-deficient APCs. MBL-deficient recipients of donor BM ± T cells exhibited significantly less weight loss over the first 2 weeks post-transplantation weeks compared with B6 controls (P < .05), with similar donor engraftment in the 2 groups. In recipients of C3.SW BM + T cells, the clinical expression of GVHD was less severe (P < .05) and overall survival was better (P < .05) in MBL-deficient mice compared with WT mice. On day-7 post-transplantation, analyses showed that the MBL-deficient recipients exhibited less intestinal IL1b, IL17, and IL12 p40 gene expression (P < .05 for each) and fewer infiltrating intestinal CD11c+, CD11b+, and F4/80+ cells and TCRβ+, CD4+, CD4+IL17+, and CD8+ T cells (P < .05 for each). Ovalbumin or allogeneic cell immunizations induced equivalent T cell responses in MBL-deficient and WT mice, demonstrating that MBL-deficiency does not directly impact T cell immunity in the absence of irradiation conditioning. Administration of C1-INH did not alter the clinical expression of GVHD in preconditioned WT B6 recipients, suggesting that MBL amplifies clinical expression of GVHD via a complement-independent mechanism. WT, but not MBL-deficient, APCs express MBL on their surfaces. LPS-stimulated APCs from MBL-deficient mice produced less proinflammatory cytokines (P < .05) and induced weaker alloreactive T cell responses (P < .05) compared with WT APCs. Together, our data show that MBL modulates murine GVHD, likely by amplifying complement-independent, LPS-initiated gastrointestinal inflammation. The results suggest that devising strategies to block LPS/MBL ligation on APCs has the potential to reduce the clinical expression of GVHD.
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Luo J, Li L, Chang B, Zhu Z, Deng F, Hu M, Yu Y, Lu X, Chen Z, Zuo D, Zhou J. Mannan-Binding Lectin via Interaction With Cell Surface Calreticulin Promotes Senescence of Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells to Limit Liver Fibrosis Progression. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:75-99. [PMID: 35381393 PMCID: PMC9117817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver fibrosis represents a hallmark of most chronic liver diseases (CLD) triggered by recurrent liver injury and subsequent myofibroblast transdifferentiations of resident hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is potentially involved in hepatic fibrosis in CLD through unclear mechanisms. Therefore, we investigated the crosstalk between MBL and HSCs, and the consequent effects on fibrosis progression. METHODS Samples from patients with liver cirrhosis were collected. MBL deficiency (MBL-/-) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice were used to construct a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model. Administration of MBL-expressing, liver-specific, adeno-associated virus was performed to restore hepatic MBL expression in MBL-/- mice. The human HSC line LX-2 was used for in vitro experiments. RESULTS MBL levels in patients with liver cirrhosis were correlated with disease severity. In the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model, MBL-/- mice showed severer liver fibrosis accompanied by reduced senescent activated HSCs in liver tissue compared with WT mice, which could be inhibited by administering MBL-expressing, liver-specific, adeno-associated virus. Moreover, depleting senescent cells with senolytic treatment could abrogate these differences owing to MBL absence. Furthermore, MBL could interact directly with calreticulin associated with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 on the cell surface of HSCs, which further promotes senescence in HSCs by up-regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin/p53/p21 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS MBL as a newfound senescence-promoting modulator and its crosstalk with HSCs in the liver microenvironment is essential for the control of hepatic fibrosis progression, suggesting its potential therapeutic use in treating CLD associated with liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Chang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyumeng Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengliang Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Daming Zuo, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515 China. fax: (86) 20-61648221.
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Jia Zhou, MD, PhD, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515 China. fax: (86) 20-61648221.
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Vital WDS, Santos FJDA, Gonçalves MLF, Wyrepkowski CDC, Ramasawmy R, Furtado SDC. Influence of the presence of mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms on the occurrence of leishmaniasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. An Bras Dermatol 2022; 97:298-306. [PMID: 35331599 PMCID: PMC9133304 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leishmaniasis is caused by an intracellular protozoan of the Leishmania genus. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a serum complement protein and recognizes lipoprotein antigens in protozoa and the bacterial plasma membrane. Nucleotide variants in the promoter region and exon 1 of the MBL gene can influence its expression or change its molecular structure. Objective To evaluate, through a systematic review, case-control studies of the genetic association of variants in the MBL2 gene and the risk of developing leishmaniasis. Methods This review carried out a search in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Lilacs databases for case-control publications with six polymorphisms in the mannose-binding Lectin gene. The following strategy was used: P = Patients at risk of leishmaniasis; I = Presence of polymorphisms; C = Absence of polymorphisms; O = Occurrence of leishmaniasis. Four case/control studies consisting of 791 patients with leishmaniasis and 967 healthy subjects (Control) are included in this meta-analysis. The association of variants in the mannose-binding Lectin gene and leishmaniasis under the allelic genetic model, -550 (Hvs. L), -221 (X vs. Y), +4 (Q vs. P), CD52 (A vs. D), CD54 (A vs. B), CD57 (A vs. C) and A/O genotype (A vs. O) was evaluated. International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42020201755. Results The meta-analysis results for any allelic genetic model showed no significant association for the variants within the promoter, the untranslated region, and exon 1, as well as for the wild-type A allele and mutant allele O with leishmaniasis. Study limitations Caution should be exercised when interpreting these results, as they are based on a few studies, which show divergent results when analyzed separately. Conclusions This meta-analysis showed a non-significant association between the rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891, rs5030737, rs1800450, and rs1800451 polymorphisms of the Mannose-binding Lectin gene and leishmaniasis in any allelic and heterogeneous evaluation.
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Functional analysis of TcCTL12 in innate immunity and development in Tribolium castaneum. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:422-434. [PMID: 35245573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) play vital roles in invertebrates' innate immunity. Six CTL-X type lectins are identified in Tribolium castaneum. However, their functions and regulating mechanisms remain elusive. Here, TcCTL12, one CTL-X, was identified and cloned from T. castaneum. Spatiotemporal expression profiling revealed that TcCTL12 highly expressed in late pupa and early adult of T. castaneum in comparison with other developmental stages, and exhibited the highest expression level in the haemolymph and central nervous system (CNS). Then, the expression of TcCTL12 was remarkably induced by the stimulation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the recombinant protein TcCTL12 could bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including LPS and PGN, and displayed agglutinative activity to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in a calcium-dependent manner in vitro. Furthermore, RNAi of TcCTL12 caused T. castaneum pupation and eclosion defected. The abnormal pupa thinned their epidermal, and appeared the abnormal development of muscle cell compared with the control group. Additionally, depletion of TcCTL12 resulted in reducing fertility of offspring and affected their fecundity. In sum, these results indicated that TcCTL12 had extensive functions in the regulation of development in T. castaneum, in addition to the immune response. It further expanded insights into CTL functions in insects.
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Wang F, Yang Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Mu Y, Yang J, Yu L, Wang M. Mannan-Binding Lectin Regulates the Th17/Treg Axis Through JAK/STAT and TGF-β/SMAD Signaling Against Candida albicans Infection. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1797-1810. [PMID: 35300210 PMCID: PMC8923702 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s344489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a key molecule in innate immunity and activates the lectin complement pathway, which plays an important role in resisting Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection. However, the underlying mechanism of this resistance to infection remains unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated how MBL regulates the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into T helper type 17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells against C. albicans in mice, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We generated MBL double-knockout (KO) mice and infected them with C. albicans by intraperitoneal injection. Results Compared with that in wild-type (WT) mice, the percentage of Th17 cells increased in MBL-null mice, whereas Treg cells decreased, indicating that MBL might regulate the Th17/Treg balance. In addition, in MBL-null mice, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-21, and the master transcription factor of Th17 cells, RORγt, significantly increased. Conversely, IL-10, IL-2, and the Treg-specific transcription factor, Foxp3, decreased. Moreover, we found that the levels of TGF-β and IL-6 upregulated in MBL-null mice. Mechanistically, we found that MBL regulated the TGF-β/SMAD pathway through the inhibition of p-SMAD2 and promotion of p-SMAD3, and mediated the JAK/STAT pathway through the inhibition of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 and promotion of p-JAK3 and p-STAT5. MBL double-KO mice showed a more severe inflammatory response and significantly lower survival rates with C. albicans infection. Conclusion These results suggest that MBL regulates the Th17/Treg cell balance to inhibit inflammatory responses, possibly via IL-6- and TGF-β-mediated JAK/STAT and TGF-β/SMAD signaling, and play an important role in anti-C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanping Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Luoyang Oriental Hospital, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Mu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Yu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mingyong Wang; Lili Yu, Email ;
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Choudhary ML, Chaudhary U, Salve M, Shinde P, Padbidri V, Sangle SA, Salvi S, Bavdekar AR, D'costa P, Alagarasu K. Functional Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the MBL2 and TLR3 Genes Influence Disease Severity in Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 Virus-Infected Patients from Maharashtra, India. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:303-309. [PMID: 35196173 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus-infected subjects is determined by several factors, including host genetics. In the present study, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFITM, MBL2, TLR3, TLR8, DDX58, IFIH1, CD55, and FCGR2, genes were investigated in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus-infected subjects to find out their association with disease severity. Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus-infected subjects with severe disease (n = 86) and mild disease (n = 293) from western India were included in the study. The SNPs were investigated by PCR-based methods. The results revealed a higher frequency of TLR3 rs5743313 T/T genotype [odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.55 (1.08-6.04) p = 0.039] and TLR3 two-locus haplotype rs3775291-rs3775290 T-A [OR with 95% CI 7.94 (2.05-30.68)] in severe cases. Lower frequency of the mutant allele of MBL2 rs1800450 [OR with 95% CI 0.51 (0.27-0.87), p = 0.01] and TLR3 two-locus haplotype rs3775291-rs3775290 T-G [OR with 95% CI 0.48 (0.27-0.85)] was observed in severe cases compared with cases with mild disease. Higher frequency of TLR3 two-locus haplotype rs3775291-rs3775290 T-A was observed in severe cases [OR with 95% CI 7.9 (2.0-30.7)]. The allele and genotype frequencies of other SNPs were not different between the study categories. The results suggest that the functional SNPs in MBL2 and TLR3 are associated with severe disease in influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus-infected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pooja Shinde
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Sonali Salvi
- Department of Medicine, BJ Medical College, Pune, India
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Role of MBL2 Polymorphisms in Sepsis and Survival: A Pilot Study and In Silico Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020460. [PMID: 35204551 PMCID: PMC8871458 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious infection-induced syndrome with serious ramifications, especially in intensive care units. Global concern motivated the investigation of the role of related genes’ polymorphism in predicting the liability to infection, sepsis, septic shock and survival. Among these genes is the gene encoding mannose-binding lectin (MBL), with its remarkable importance in the immune system. However, the previous studies showed conflicting results and ambiguity that urged us to engage with this issue in the Egyptian population. Prediction of functional and structural impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was done using in silico methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in intensive care units; one hundred and thirty patients were followed up. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology. MBL SNPs showed a remarkable high frequency in our population, as well. No significant association was found between MBL2 genotypes and any of our analyses (sepsis, septic shock and survival). Only septic shock and age were independently associated with time of survival by Cox regression analysis. Our study may confirm the redundancy of MBL and the absence of significant impact on sepsis liability and mortality in adult patients.
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Lima CN, Oliveira WF, Silva PMM, Filho PEC, Juul-Madsen K, Moura P, Vorup-Jensen T, Fontes A. Mannose-binding lectin conjugated to quantum dots as fluorescent nanotools for carbohydrate tracing. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2022; 10. [PMID: 35145049 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac4e72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) have stood out as nanotools for glycobiology due to their photostability and ability to be combined with lectins. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is involved in the innate immune system and plays important roles in the activation of the complement cascade, opsonization, and elimination of apoptotic and microbial cells. Herein, adsorption and covalent coupling strategies were evaluated to conjugate QDs to a recombinant human MBL (rhMBL). The most efficient nanoprobe was selected by evaluating the conjugate ability to labelCandida albicansyeasts by flow cytometry. The QDs-rhMBL conjugate obtained by adsorption at pH 6.0 was the most efficient, labelingca.100% of cells with the highest median fluorescence intensity. The conjugation was also supported by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, and size analyses.C. albicanslabeling was calcium-dependent; 12% and <1% of cells were labeled in buffers without calcium and containing EDTA, respectively. The conjugate promoted specific labeling (based on cluster effect) since, after inhibition with mannan, there was a reduction of 80% in cell labeling, which did not occur with methyl-α-D-mannopyranoside monosaccharide. Conjugates maintained colloidal stability, bright fluorescence, and biological activity for at least 8 months. Therefore, QDs-rhMBL conjugates are promising nanotools to elucidate the roles of MBL in biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carinna N Lima
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Weslley F Oliveira
- Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Paloma M M Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Kristian Juul-Madsen
- Biophysical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Patrícia Moura
- Biological Science Institute, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thomas Vorup-Jensen
- Biophysical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Mu L, Yin X, Qi W, Li J, Bai H, Chen N, Yang Y, Wang B, Ye J. An l-rhamnose-binding lectin from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) possesses agglutination activity and regulates inflammation, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of monocytes/macrophages. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104256. [PMID: 34517013 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs), a Ca2+-independent lectin family, are widely present in vertebrates and invertebrates, which involve in the innate immune response. However, the functional characterization and related regulation mechanisms of RBLs remain unclear in teleost fish. In this study, an l-rhamnose-binding lectin-like (OnRBL-L) was identified and functionally characterized from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The open reading frame of OnRBL-L is 678 bp encoding 225 aa. The sequence of OnRBL-L has relatively conservative characteristic peptide motifs, including YGR, DPC, and KYL-motif. Expression analysis showed that OnRBL-L was abundantly distributed in intestine tissue, and widely existed in all detected tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of OnRBL-L increased significantly in vivo (liver, spleen, head kidney, intestine, gills and peripheral blood) and in vitro (monocytes/macrophages) following challenges with two important tilapia pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila. In addition, the recombinant OnRBL-L was found to bind and agglutinate S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila. Furthermore, OnRBL-L could participate in non-specific cellular immune defense, including reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6、IL-8 and TNF-α), and enhancement of the phagocytosis and respiratory burst of MO/MФ. Overall, our results provide new insights into the understanding of RBL as an important pattern recognition molecule and regulator in non-specific cell immunity in an early vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jiadong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Hao Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Nuo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yanjian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jianmin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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Longo V, Parrinello D, Longo A, Parisi MG, Parrinello N, Colombo P, Cammarata M. The conservation and diversity of ascidian cells and molecules involved in the inflammatory reaction: The Ciona robusta model. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:384-396. [PMID: 34687879 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ascidians are marine invertebrate chordates belonging to the earliest branch (Tunicata) in the chordate phylum, therefore, they are of interest for studying the evolution of immune systems. Due to the known genome, the non-colonial Ciona robusta, previously considered to be C. intestinalis type A, is a model species for the study of inflammatory response. The internal defense of ascidians mainly relies on hemocytes circulating in the hemolymph and pharynx. Hemocytes can be in vivo challenged by LPS injection and various granulocyte and vacuolated cell populations differentiated to produce and release inflammatory factors. Molecular biology and gene expression studies revealed complex defense mechanisms involving different inflammatory hemocytes. Furthermore, cloning procedures allowed sequence analyses and molecular studies disclose immune-related gene families including TOLL-like receptors, galectins, C-type lectins, collectins, interlectins, pentraxine-like, peroxinectins, complement factors-like, TNFα-like, IL-17-like, TGF-like, MIF-like. These genes are promptly upregulated by the inflammatory stimulus and show a time course of transcription similar to each other. Domains sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships with the vertebrate counterparts are shedding some light on immune-related gene evolution. Selective bioassays as well as bioinformatic approaches have allowed the characterization of antimicrobial peptides and the identification of post transcriptional molecular mechanisms able of influencing dynamics of gene regulation are described. In synthesis, the purpose of this article is to further explore the topic of hemocyte and molecules related to internal defence of ascidians involved in the inflammatory reaction, as well as to discuss current and future study options through a detailed literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Nicolò Parrinello
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Department of Earth and Marine Science, University of Palermo, Italy
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Chen Y, Hu M, Deng F, Wang P, Lin J, Zheng Z, Liu Y, Dong L, Lu X, Chen Z, Zhou J, Zuo D. Mannan-binding lectin deficiency augments hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress through IP3R-controlled calcium release. Cell Calcium 2021; 100:102477. [PMID: 34592660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant release of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium leads to the disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis, which is associated with the occurrence of ER stress and closely related to the pathogenesis of liver damage. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a soluble calcium-dependent protein synthesized primarily in hepatocytes and is a pattern recognition molecule in the innate immune system. MBL deficiency is highly prevalent in the population and has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to several liver diseases. We here showed that genetic MBL ablation strongly sensitized mice to ER stress-induced liver injury. Mechanistic studies established that MBL directly interacted with ER-resident chaperone immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP), and MBL deficiency accelerated the separation of PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) from BiP during hepatic ER stress. Moreover, MBL deficiency led to enhanced activation of the PERK-C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) pathway and initiates an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium release from the ER, thereby aggravating the hepatic ER stress response. Our results demonstrate an unexpected function of MBL in ER calcium homeostasis and ER stress response, thus providing new insight into the liver injury related to ER stress in patients with MBL deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jingmin Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhuojun Zheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yunzhi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhengliang Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China..
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China.
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Xia N, Zhao Q. Carbohydrate-containing nanoparticles as vaccine adjuvants. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:797-810. [PMID: 34101528 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1939688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Adjuvants are essential to vaccines for immunopotentiation in the elicitation of protective immunity. However, classical and widely used aluminum-based adjuvants have limited capacity to induce cellular response. There are increasing needs for appropriate adjuvants with improved profiles for vaccine development toward emerging pathogens. Carbohydrate-containing nanoparticles (NPs) with immunomodulatory activity and particulate nanocarriers for effective antigen presentation are capable of eliciting a more balanced humoral and cellular immune response.Areas covered: We reviewed several carbohydrates with immunomodulatory properties. They include chitosan, β-glucan, mannan, and saponins, which have been used in vaccine formulations. The mode of action, the preparation methods, characterization of these carbohydrate-containing NPs and the corresponding vaccines are presented.Expert opinion: Several carbohydrate-containing NPs have entered the clinical stage or have been used in licensed vaccines for human use. Saponin-containing NPs are being evaluated in a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen causing the on-going worldwide pandemic. Vaccines with carbohydrate-containing NPs are in different stages of development, from preclinical studies to late-stage clinical trials. A better understanding of the mode of action for carbohydrate-containing NPs as vaccine carriers and as immunostimulators will likely contribute to the design and development of new generation vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.,School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.,The Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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Nlrp3 Inflammasome Signaling Regulates the Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSPCs) by Enhancing Incorporation of CXCR4 Receptor into Membrane Lipid Rafts. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:954-967. [PMID: 32661868 PMCID: PMC7456406 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fast and efficient homing and engraftment of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) is crucial for positive clinical outcomes from transplantation. We found that this process depends on activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome, both in the HSPCs to be transplanted and in the cells in the recipient bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. For the first time we provide evidence that functional deficiency in the Nlrp3 inflammasome in transplanted cells or in the host microenvironment leads to defective homing and engraftment. At the molecular level, functional deficiency of the Nlrp3 inflammasome in HSPCs leads to their defective migration in response to the major BM homing chemoattractant stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and to other supportive chemoattractants, including sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP). We report that activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome increases autocrine release of eATP, which promotes incorporation of the CXCR4 receptor into membrane lipid rafts at the leading surface of migrating cells. On the other hand, a lack of Nlrp3 inflammasome expression in BM conditioned for transplantation leads to a decrease in expression of SDF-1 and danger-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), which are responsible for activation of the complement cascade (ComC), which in turn facilitates the homing and engraftment of HSPCs.
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do Carmo RF, Neves JRL, Oliveira PRS, Vasconcelos LRS, de Souza CDF. The role of Mannose-binding lectin in leprosy: A systematic review. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104945. [PMID: 34052419 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy is an infectious disease that may present different clinical forms depending on host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an acute phase protein associated with the pathophysiology of leprosy. Some studies have shown that there is a correlation between serum levels of MBL and polymorphisms in its gene associated with susceptibility per se and to different clinical forms. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of publications in the literature that studied the association of MBL with leprosy. Databases were searched until December 2020 (PROSPERO: CRD42020158458), and additional searches were conducted scanning the reference lists of the articles. Two independent reviewers assessed the study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Finally, 10 eligible articles were included in the study. The overall results indicated that both low MBL serum levels and polymorphisms in the structural or promoter region of its gene seem to be associated as protective factors against the development of severe forms. The results suggest that MBL may play a role in the clinical progression of leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime Rangel Leal Neves
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
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Maertens B, Gagnaire A, Paerewijck O, De Bosscher K, Geldhof P. Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10601. [PMID: 34011991 PMCID: PMC8134572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis is one of the most commonly found intestinal parasites in mammalian hosts. Infections can generally be cleared by mounting an adequate protective immune response that is orchestrated through IL-17A. This study was aimed to investigate if and how the intestinal microbiome affects the protective Th17 response against Giardia by analysing and comparing the immune response following a G. muris and G. duodenalis infection in antibiotic treated and untreated mice. Depletion of the intestinal flora by antibiotic treatment had a severe effect on the infection dynamics of both Giardia species. Not only duration of infection was affected, but also the parasite burden increased significantly. Markers associated with a protective immune response, such as IL-17A and mannose binding lectin 2 were still significantly upregulated following infection in the antibiotic-treated mice, despite the lack of protection. On the other hand, the antibiotic treatment significantly decreased the level of IgA in the intestinal lumen by affecting its transporter and by reducing the number of IgA+ B-cells at the Peyer's patches. Furthermore, the depletion of the gut microbiota by antibiotics also significantly lowered the intestinal motility. The combination of these factors likely results in a decreased clearance of the parasite from the intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Maertens
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A Gagnaire
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - O Paerewijck
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K De Bosscher
- VIB Department of Medical Protein Research, Translational Nuclear Receptor Research Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Geldhof
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoglycemia, the condition of low blood sugar, is a common occurance in people with diabetes using insulin therapy. Protecting against hypoglycaemia by engineering an insulin preparation that can auto-adjust its biological activity to fluctuating blood glucose levels has been pursued since the 1970s, but despite numerous publications, no system that works well enough for practical use has reached clinical practise. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review will summarise and scrutinise known approaches for producing glucose-sensitive insulin therapies. Notably, systems described in patent applications will be extensively covered, which has not been the case for earlier reviews of this area. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The vast majority of published systems are not suitable for product development, but a few glucose-sensitive insulin concepts have recently reached clinical trials, and there is hope that glucose-sensitive insulin will become available to people with diabetes in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hoeg-Jensen
- Research Chemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park H5.S.05, DK-2720 Maaloev, Denmark.
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Tsai CL, Wu SY, Hsu HK, Huang SB, Lin CH, Chan YT, Wang SK. Preparation and conformational analysis of polyproline tri-helix macrocycle nanoscaffolds of varied sizes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4592-4601. [PMID: 33605962 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ligand patterns at the nanoscale are essential in modulating biological recognition and signaling through binding to receptor oligomers. Biocompatible nanoscaffolds that allow precise control of multiple ligand presentation would be of great use in manipulating cellular processes and understanding membrane receptor biology. We have previously developed tri-helix and tetra-helix macrocycle scaffolds based on the Pro9 peptide helix to control ligand arrangements that can selectively target receptor oligomers. A better understanding of the structure of these macromolecules would significantly reduce the difficulty in designing matching ligand positions for target receptors. In this work, we expand the arsenal of ligand patterns by preparing polyproline tri-helix macrocycle scaffolds of different sizes. These synthetic nanoscaffolds composed of peptide helices ranging from Pro6 to Pro12 also allowed us to systematically investigate their properties. With a combination of circular dichroism spectroscopy and ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS), the measurement for varied sizes of these scaffolds indicated the connecting dihedral angle between both ends of the helix affects the strain in the cyclic scaffold. The experimental collision cross section obtained from IMS-MS favors a propeller model for the helix arrangements. The results not only contribute conformational insights for the polyproline tri-helix system, but also provide precious information for the future design and synthesis of cyclic nanostructures based on peptide helices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lung Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Yong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Kai Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Bo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Cin-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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A SNaPshot Assay for Determination of the Mannose-Binding Lectin Gene Variants and an Algorithm for Calculation of Haplogenotype Combinations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020301. [PMID: 33668563 PMCID: PMC7918147 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) deficiency caused by the variability in the MBL2 gene is responsible for the susceptibility to and severity of various infectious and autoimmune diseases. A combination of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has a major impact on MBL levels in circulation. The aim of this study is to design and validate a sensitive and economical method for determining MBL2 haplogenotypes. The SNaPshot assay is designed and optimized to genotype six SNPs (rs1800451, rs1800450, rs5030737, rs7095891, rs7096206, rs11003125) and is validated by comparing results with Sanger sequencing. Additionally, an algorithm for online calculation of haplogenotype combinations from the determined genotypes is developed. Three hundred and twenty-eight DNA samples from healthy individuals from the Czech population are genotyped. Minor allele frequencies (MAFs) in the Czech population are in accordance with those present in the European population. The SNaPshot assay for MBL2 genotyping is a high-throughput, cost-effective technique that can be used in further genetic-association studies or in clinical practice. Moreover, a freely available online application for the calculation of haplogenotypes from SNPs is developed within the scope of this project.
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Jagatia H, Tsolaki AG. The Role of Complement System and the Immune Response to Tuberculosis Infection. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:84. [PMID: 33498555 PMCID: PMC7909539 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The complement system orchestrates a multi-faceted immune response to the invading pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Macrophages engulf the mycobacterial bacilli through bacterial cell surface proteins or secrete proteins, which activate the complement pathway. The classical pathway is activated by C1q, which binds to antibody antigen complexes. While the alternative pathway is constitutively active and regulated by properdin, the direct interaction of properdin is capable of complement activation. The lectin-binding pathway is activated in response to bacterial cell surface carbohydrates such as mannose, fucose, and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. All three pathways contribute to mounting an immune response for the clearance of mycobacteria. However, the bacilli can reside, persist, and evade clearance by the immune system once inside the macrophages using a number of mechanisms. The immune system can compartmentalise the infection into a granulomatous structure, which contains heterogenous sub-populations of M. tuberculosis. The granuloma consists of many types of immune cells, which aim to clear and contain the infection whilst sacrificing the affected host tissue. The full extent of the involvement of the complement system during infection with M. tuberculosis is not fully understood. Therefore, we reviewed the available literature on M. tuberculosis and other mycobacterial literature to understand the contribution of the complement system during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Jagatia
- Department for Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Anthony G. Tsolaki
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University of London, Uxbridge UB8 3PN, UK;
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Innate Immune Pattern Recognition Receptors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Nature and Consequences for Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1313:179-215. [PMID: 34661896 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67452-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a critical early response to prevent the establishment of the infection. Despite recent advances in understanding the host-pathogen dialogue in the early stages of tuberculosis (TB), much has yet to be learnt. The nature and consequences of this dialogue ultimately determine the path of infection: namely, either early clearance of M. tuberculosis, or establishment of M. tuberculosis infection leading to active TB disease and/or latent TB infection. On the frontline in innate immunity are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), with soluble factors (e.g. collectins and complement) and cell surface factors (e.g. Toll-like receptors and other C-type lectin receptors (Dectin 1/2, Nod-like receptors, DC-SIGN, Mincle, mannose receptor, and MCL) that play a central role in recognising M. tuberculosis and facilitating its clearance. However, in a 'double-edged sword' scenario, these factors can also be involved in enhancement of pathogenesis as well. Furthermore, innate immunity is also a critical bridge in establishing the subsequent adaptive immune response, which is also responsible for granuloma formation that cordons off M. tuberculosis infection, establishing latency and acting as a reservoir for bacterial persistence and dissemination of future disease. This chapter discusses the current understanding of pattern recognition of M. tuberculosis by innate immunity and the role this plays in the pathogenesis and protection against TB.
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Andrade RGD, Reis B, Costas B, Lima SAC, Reis S. Modulation of Macrophages M1/M2 Polarization Using Carbohydrate-Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:polym13010088. [PMID: 33379389 PMCID: PMC7796279 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting surface endocytosis receptors using carbohydrate-conjugated nanocarriers brings outstanding approaches to an efficient delivery towards a specific target. Macrophages are cells of innate immunity found throughout the body. Plasticity of macrophages is evidenced by alterations in phenotypic polarization in response to stimuli, and is associated with changes in effector molecules, receptor expression, and cytokine profile. M1-polarized macrophages are involved in pro-inflammatory responses while M2 macrophages are capable of anti-inflammatory response and tissue repair. Modulation of macrophages’ activation state is an effective approach for several disease therapies, mediated by carbohydrate-coated nanocarriers. In this review, polymeric nanocarriers targeting macrophages are described in terms of production methods and conjugation strategies, highlighting the role of mannose receptor in the polarization of macrophages, and targeting approaches for infectious diseases, cancer immunotherapy, and prevention. Translation of this nanomedicine approach still requires further elucidation of the interaction mechanism between nanocarriers and macrophages towards clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel G. D. Andrade
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Reis
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia A. Costa Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
| | - Salette Reis
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.R.); (B.C.); (S.R.)
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