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Amrita A, Agarwal P, Agarwal MC, Agarwal A, Garg J, Mehra P. Comparative Evaluation of Octenidine with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash in Gingivitis and Periodontitis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S789-S791. [PMID: 38595450 PMCID: PMC11001002 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1011_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been still regarded as the most efficient mouthwash. Due to its recognized negative effects, it can only be used for a short duration. Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), an antiseptic substance found by Sterling Winthrop in the 1980s, has proven helpful in preventing the co-aggregation of dental plaque microbial invaders without disrupting the typical, healthy oral flora. However, there is very little research on octenidine's effectiveness as a mouthwash for preventing plaque. Therefore, this study is being conducted to examine the effectiveness of mouthwashes containing 0.1% Octenidine and 0.2% chlorhexidine. Methodology In this clinical trial, subjects were divided into two groups, 60 patients each with gingivitis and periodontitis. Then, from each group, 30 patients were advised to use octenidine mouthwash, and 30 patients were prescribed chlorhexidine mouthwash as an adjunct to scaling and root planning. Clinical parameters like O'Leary plaque index, Bleeding index, Probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months. Result In both the gingivitis and periodontitis groups, the octenidine group significantly outperformed the chlorhexidine group in all clinical metrics. Conclusion Octenidine showed better results in comparison to chlorhexidine with respect to all the above-mentioned clinical parameters. Hence, it can be considered a promising mouthwash for future therapeutic and research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Amrita
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prerna Agarwal
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manvi Chandra Agarwal
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jaishree Garg
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parth Mehra
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nastych O, Goncharuk-Khomyn M, Foros A, Cavalcanti A, Yavuz I, Tsaryk V. Comparison of Bacterial Load Parameters in Subgingival Plaque during Peri-implantitis and Periodontitis Using the RT-PCR Method. Acta Stomatol Croat 2020; 54:32-43. [PMID: 32523155 PMCID: PMC7233121 DOI: 10.15644/asc54/1/4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the actual parameters of bacterial load in subgingival plaque during periodontitis and peri-implantitis pathologies using the RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) method and evaluate their associations with clinical periodontal indicators. Materials and Methods Five different groups of subjects were selected according to a formulated design of the study: with mild/moderate periodontitis, with severe periodontitis, with peri-implantitis, healthy periodontal group and healthy peri-implant group. Subgingival plaque samples were formed with paper points inserted in the pocket/sulcus area for 30 seconds. A standardized test the “ParodontoScreen” was provided for identification of target opportunistic pathogens (A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia, T. denticola) by the RT-PCR. Results Bacterial load parameters demonstrated a significant tendency towards an increase within periodontitis progression and during the presence of peri-implantitis pathology. Each targeted mean bacterial load level was statistically associated with periodontitis or peri-implantitis pathology (p < 0, 05) according to the provided univariate analyses and upon condition that bacterial load parameters of healthy sites were used as reference for equiparation. The highest correlation values were found between periodontal probing depth and bacterial load parameters of A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0, 37; p < 0, 05) and P. gingivalis (r=0, 28; p < 0, 05); and also between clinical attachment loss and bacterial load values of A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0, 38; p < 0, 05) and P. gingivalis (r=0, 24; p < 0, 05). Conclusions Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are associated with the same microbial pathogens even though the distribution pattern of their bacterial load and detection frequency parameters registered with RT-PCR could be distinct and linked to the individual patient-related conditions and the severity stage of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Nastych
- Medical Faculty, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Anatoliy Foros
- Faculty of Dentistry, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Alessandro Cavalcanti
- Faculty of Dentistry, State University of Campina Grande-Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Izzet Yavuz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Vladyslav Tsaryk
- Medical Faculty, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Sakagami H, Watanabe T, Hoshino T, Suda N, Mori K, Yasui T, Yamauchi N, Kashiwagi H, Gomi T, Oizumi T, Nagai J, Uesawa Y, Takao K, Sugita Y. Recent Progress of Basic Studies of Natural Products and Their Dental Application. MEDICINES 2018; 6:medicines6010004. [PMID: 30585249 PMCID: PMC6473826 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present article reviews the research progress of three major polyphenols (tannins, flavonoids and lignin carbohydrate complexes), chromone (backbone structure of flavonoids) and herbal extracts. Chemical modified chromone derivatives showed highly specific toxicity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, with much lower toxicity against human oral keratinocytes, as compared with various anticancer drugs. QSAR analysis suggests the possible correlation between their tumor-specificity and three-dimensional molecular shape. Condensed tannins in the tea extracts inactivated the glucosyltransferase enzymes, involved in the biofilm formation. Lignin-carbohydrate complexes (prepared by alkaline extraction and acid-precipitation) and crude alkaline extract of the leaves of Sasa species (SE, available as an over-the-counter drug) showed much higher anti-HIV activity, than tannins, flavonoids and Japanese traditional medicine (Kampo). Long-term treatment with SE and several Kampo medicines showed an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in small size of clinical trials. Although the anti-periodontitis activity of synthetic angiotensin II blockers has been suggested in many papers, natural angiotensin II blockers has not yet been tested for their possible anti-periodontitis activity. There should be still many unknown substances that are useful for treating the oral diseases in the natural kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Taihei Watanabe
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Hoshino
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Naoto Suda
- Division of Orthodontics, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Mori
- Division of First Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Toshikazu Yasui
- Division of Oral Health, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Naoki Yamauchi
- Masuko Memorial Hospital, 35-28 Takehashi-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya 453-8566, Japan.
| | - Harutsugu Kashiwagi
- Ecopale Co., Ltd., 885 Minamiisshiki, Nagaizumi-cho, Suntou-gun, Shizuoka 411-0932, Japan.
| | - Tsuneaki Gomi
- Gomi clinic, 1-10-12 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Oizumi
- Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan.
| | - Junko Nagai
- Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Uesawa
- Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Koichi Takao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Sugita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
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Pardo Romero FF, Hernández LJ. [Periodontal disease: epidemiological approaches for its analysis as a public health concern]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 20:258-264. [PMID: 30570012 DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v20n2.64654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The way how health problems are defined allow conceptual and methodological developments that lead to different outcomes and specific analytical and preventive approaches to confront problems. This essay aims to show some of the main epidemiological approaches that have been used to address the oral health-disease process, in particular the periodontal disease. Regarding the latter, different approaches to their understanding are proposed, which have been influenced by the biological-curative model, whose scope is limited and focused on the identification of risk factors and on demonstrating causal relationships. However, more comprehensive alternatives are also portrayed from social epidemiology that include social determinants in the analysis of the health-disease process, which affects and influences this process in the communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredy F Pardo Romero
- FP: OD. Esp. Periodoncia y Medicina Oral. Universidad El Bosque; Esp. en Administración en Salud Pública - Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Ph. D.(c) Salud Pública. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Profesor. Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Luis J Hernández
- LH: MD. M. Sc.; Ph. D. Salud Pública. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Profesor Asociado. Universidad de los Andes. Bogotá, Colombia.
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Jourdain ML, Pierrard L, Kanagaratnam L, Velard F, Sergheraert J, Lefèvre B, Gangloff SC, Braux J. Antimicrobial peptide gene expression in periodontitis patients: A pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:524-537. [PMID: 29446150 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are one of the most active components of innate immunity and have characteristics that could place them at the heart of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This study investigated differences in the expression of AMP coding genes obtained using a simple harvesting technique, gingival smear, between two groups of patients: chronic periodontitis subjects versus healthy ones. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients were enrolled in two groups: 12 were diagnosed with moderate or severe generalized chronic periodontitis, and 11 were diagnosed as clinically healthy. Gingival smears were retrieved and studied using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) after mRNA purification. RESULTS Fifteen gene expressions were obtained using real-time RT-qPCR. Three AMP genes, histatin 3 (HTN3), α-defensin 4 (DEFA4) and lysozyme C (LYZ), presented different expression levels in periodontitis patients compared with healthy subjects. The relative expression level of DEFA4 appeared to be a protective factor against periodontitis. CONCLUSION Gingival smears studied by RT-qPCR may be used to assess the expression of AMPs coding genes. A lack of expression of DEFA4 could be a potential indicator of periodontitis status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Jourdain
- EA 4691 Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,UFR Odontologie, Reims, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Loïc Pierrard
- UFR Odontologie, Reims, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France.,EA 3797 Santé Publique, Vieillissement, Qualité de Vie et Réadaptation des Sujets Fragiles, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Lukshe Kanagaratnam
- Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France.,EA 3797 Santé Publique, Vieillissement, Qualité de Vie et Réadaptation des Sujets Fragiles, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Frédéric Velard
- EA 4691 Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,UFR Odontologie, Reims, France
| | - Johan Sergheraert
- EA 4691 Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Benoît Lefèvre
- UFR Odontologie, Reims, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Sophie C Gangloff
- EA 4691 Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,UFR de Pharmacie, Reims, France
| | - Julien Braux
- EA 4691 Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,UFR Odontologie, Reims, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
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Moslemi N, Rouzmeh N, Shakerinia F, Bahador A, Soleimanzadeh Azar P, Kharazifard MJ, Paknejad M, Fekrazad R. Photodynamic Inactivation of Porphyromonas gingivalis utilizing Radachlorin and Toluidine Blue O as Photosensitizers: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2018; 9:107-112. [PMID: 30026895 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2018.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major pathogens in the development and progression of periodontal disease. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a new approach which is sorted in non-invasive phototherapy for bacterial elimination. This in vitro study was conducted to compare photodynamic inactivation using Radachlorin and Toluidine blue O (TBO) as photosensitizers on P. gingivalis. Methods: Bacterial suspensions (200 µL) of P. gingivalis were exposed to either TBO with concentration of 0.1 mg/mL associated with portable light-emitting diode (LED) device (peak wavelength: 630 nm, output intensity: 2.000 mW/cm2, tip diameter: 6.2 mm) or 0.1% Radachlorin® and laser irradiation (InGaAlP, Peak wavelength: 662±0.1% nm, output power: 2.5 W, energy density: 6 J/cm2, fiber diameter: 2 mm). Those in control groups were subjected to laser irradiation or LED alone, Radachlorin® or TBO alone, and one group received neither photosensitizer nor light irradiation. Then counting of colony forming units (CFU) was performed to determine the bactericidal effects in each subgroup. Results: LED-based aPDT reduced the colony count of P. gingivalis more than that of TBO (P<0.001) or LED group (P=0.957). Also, laser-based aPDT had a great reduction in colony count of P. gingivalis in comparison with Radachlorin® (P<0.001) or laser irradiation alone (P=0.28). In addition, the colony count reduction of laser-based aPDT was significantly more than LED-based aPDT (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, the viability of P. gingivalis was more affected by the combination of laser and Radachlorin® 0.1% in comparison with LED and TBO 0.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Moslemi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nina Rouzmeh
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Paknejad
- Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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MacEntee MI, Donnelly LR. Oral health and the frailty syndrome. Periodontol 2000 2018; 72:135-41. [PMID: 27501496 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The frailty syndrome is an ever-growing area of study among older adults because of its association with an increased risk of falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, dependency and mortality. Frailty is neither a disease nor a disability but is better understood as a medical syndrome of multisystem dysregulation that results in a diminished ability to overcome everyday stressors. The prevalence of frailty in any given population can vary widely, in part because of the way in which it is defined and measured, but in general it is higher among women and in those with advanced age and declining health. Whilst it is largely understood that older adults will differ biologically, psychologically and socially, and that each of these domains can impact oral health, we are only beginning to investigate how the mouth is affected in frailty. Given that both hard and soft structures contribute to oral health and disease status among older adults with varying degrees of impairment and disability, frailty adds yet another dimension to be considered. This paper will discuss how frailty can influence and be influenced by oral disorders, as well as the potential relationship to oral neglect and the resultant consequences among this vulnerable population.
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Nascimento GG, Leite FRM, Scheutz F, López R. Periodontitis: from Infection to Inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-017-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Lopez R, Hujoel P, Belibasakis GN. On putative periodontal pathogens: an epidemiological perspective. Virulence 2015; 6:249-57. [PMID: 25874553 PMCID: PMC4601192 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1014266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current understanding on the role of microbiology on periodontitis causation is reviewed. An appraisal of the literature reveals several issues that have limited the attempts to investigate candidate periodontal pathogens as causes of periodontitis and confirms that only limited epidemiological evidence is available. Several aspects of the contemporary understanding on causal inference are discussed with examples for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Lopez
- Section of Periodontology; Faculty of Health Sciences; Aarhus University; Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Philippe Hujoel
- Department of Oral Health Sciences; School of Dentistry and Department of Epidemiology; School of Public Health; University of Washington; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Section of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; Institute of Oral Biology; Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zürich; Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Periodontitis is an infectious disease that affects the tooth-supporting tissues and exhibits a wide range of clinical, microbiological and immunological manifestations. The disease is associated with and is probably caused by a multifaceted dynamic interaction of specific infectious agents, host immune responses, harmful environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility factors. This volume of Periodontology 2000 covers key subdisciplines of periodontology, ranging from etiopathogeny to therapy, with emphasis on diagnosis, classification, epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, immunology, systemic complications, anti-infective therapy, reparative treatment, self-care and affordability issues. Learned and unlearned concepts of periodontitis over the past 50 years have shaped our current understanding of the etiology of the disease and of clinical practice.
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Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex infectious disease that affects low-income individuals disproportionately. Periodontitis is associated with specific bacterial species and herpesviruses, and successful prevention and treatment of the disease is contingent upon effective control of these pathogens. This article presents an efficacious, highly safe, minimally invasive, practical and low-cost periodontal therapy that involves professional and patient-administered mechanical therapy and antimicrobial agents. The major components are scaling for calculus removal, periodontal pocket irrigation with potent antiseptics, and treatment with systemic antibiotics for advanced disease. Povidone-iodine and sodium hypochlorite have all the characteristics for becoming the first-choice antiseptics in the management of periodontal diseases. Both agents show excellent antibacterial and antiviral properties, are readily available throughout the world, have been safely used in periodontal therapy for decades, offer significant benefits for individuals with very limited financial resources, and are well accepted by most dental professionals and patients. Four per cent chlorhexidine applied with a toothbrush to the most posterior part to the tongue dorsum can markedly reduce or eliminate halitosis in most individuals. Systemic antibiotics are used to treat periodontopathic bacteria that are not readily reached by topical therapy, such as pathogens within gingival tissue, within furcation defects, at the base of periodontal pockets, and on the tongue, tonsils and buccal mucosae. Valuable antibiotic therapies are amoxicillin-metronidazole (250 mg of amoxicillin and 250 mg of metronidazole, three times daily for 8 days) for young and middle-aged patients, and ciprofloxacin-metronidazole (500 mg of each, twice daily for 8 days) for elderly patients and for patients in developing countries who frequently harbor enteric rods subgingivally. Scaling to remove dental calculus and the prudent use of inexpensive antimicrobial agents can significantly retard or arrest progressive periodontitis in the great majority of patients.
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Effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker on experimental periodontitis in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome. Infect Immun 2012; 81:182-8. [PMID: 23115041 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00886-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by aneurysm and dilatation of the aortic root, tall stature, and ectopia lentis. These manifestations reflect excessive signaling of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Moreover, cases are frequently associated with severe periodontitis, which is a chronic inflammation of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Recently, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) were discovered to be an effective drug class that can prevent aortic aneurysm and dilation in Marfan syndrome by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. To investigate the effect of ARB on the progression of periodontitis, the application of a potent ARB, telmisartan, was examined in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome (MgΔ). Six-week-old male heterozygous MgΔ and wild-type mice were challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes chronic periodontitis, with and without telmisartan application. After infection, alveolar bone resorption was measured by micro-computed tomography (μCT), and inflammatory cytokine levels were examined. Infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis induced alveolar bone resorption in both MgΔ and wild-type mice. The amount of resorption was significantly larger in the former than the latter. Immunoarray and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses demonstrated that interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were significantly higher in infected MgΔ mice than infected wild-type mice. Telmisartan treatment significantly suppressed the alveolar bone resorption of infected MgΔ mice. Telmisartan also significantly decreased levels of TGF-β, IL-17, and TNF-α in infected MgΔ mice to levels seen in infected wild-type mice. This study suggests that ARB can prevent the severe periodontitis frequently seen in Marfan syndrome.
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Enwonwu CO, Salako N. The periodontal disease-systemic health-infectious disease axis in developing countries. Periodontol 2000 2012; 60:64-77. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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