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Yazğan B, Yazğan Y, Nazıroğlu M. Alpha-lipoic acid modulates the diabetes mellitus-mediated neuropathic pain via inhibition of the TRPV1 channel, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023:10.1007/s10863-023-09971-w. [PMID: 37357235 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic syndrome involving neuropathic pain. Increased oxidative stress in DM is assumed to increase free reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) and causes diabetic damage. The sciatic nerve (ScN) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) both contain high levels of the TRPV1 channel, which is triggered by capsaicin and ROSs and results in increased Ca2+ entry into the neurons. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is considered an important part of the antioxidant system. To better characterize the protective effects of ALA on the DM-induced neuronal through TRPV1 modulation, we investigated the role of ALA on DM-induced neuropathic pain, oxidative ScN, and DRG damage in diabetic rats. Forty adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups as control, ALA (50 mg/kg for 14 days), streptozotocin (STZ and 45 mg/kg and single dose), and STZ + ALA. Rats were used for the pain tests. After obtaining the DRGs and ScN, they were used for plate reader, patch-clamp, and laser confocal microscope analyses. We observed the modulator role of ALA on the thresholds of mechanical withdrawal pain (von Frey test) and hot sensitivity pain (hot plate test) in the STZ + ALA group. The treatment of ALA decreased STZ-induced increase of TRPV1 current densities, intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations (Fura-2 and Fluo - 3/AM), ROS, caspase 3, caspase 9, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis values in the ScN and DRG neurons, although its treatment induced the increase of cell viability and body weight gain. The treatment of ALA acted a neuroprotective role on the TRPV1 channel stimulation-mediated Ca2+ influx, neuropathic pain, and neuronal damage in diabetic rats. The neuroprotective role of ALA treatment can be explained by its modulating the TRPV1 channel activity, intracellular Ca2+ increase-induced oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Yazğan
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Yener Yazğan
- Department of Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Türkiye, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye, Turkey.
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye, Turkey.
- Departments of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye, Turkey.
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Leptin, Adiponectin, and Melatonin Modulate Colostrum Lymphocytes in Mothers with Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032662. [PMID: 36768983 PMCID: PMC9917098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy complicated by obesity is associated with adverse triggered gestational and neonatal outcomes, with reductions in the subtypes of CD4+ T-lymphocytes representing the modulators of inflammation. It needs to be better established how maternal nutritional statuses impact the neuroendocrine-immune system's action and affect the immunological mechanisms of the maternal-infant relationship via breastfeeding. This study examined the effects of maternal obesity on human colostrum lymphocytes and the intracellular mechanisms of lymphocyte modulation in the presence of leptin, adiponectin, and melatonin via cell proliferation; the release of intracellular calcium; and apoptosis induction. This cross-sectional study analyzed colostrum samples from 52 puerperal splits and divided them into overweight and eutrophic groups. Colostrum lymphocytes underwent immunophenotyping and cell proliferation by flow cytometry and intracellular calcium release and apoptosis assays by immunofluorescence in the presence or absence of hormones. Significant differences were considered when p < 0.05 by the chi-square or t-test. Maternal obesity reduced the population of T-lymphocytes and TCD4+ in human colostrum and proliferative activities (p < 0.05). These hormones restore lymphocyte proliferation to a level similar to the eutrophic group (p < 0.05). Leptin, adiponectin, melatonin hormones, and biological actions consolidated in the scientific literature also represent maternal and infant protection mechanisms via colostrum and the modulation of human colostrum lymphocytes.
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Unal GO, Demirdas A, Nazıroglu M, Ovey IS. Agomelatine attenuates calcium signaling and apoptosis via the inhibition of TRPV1 channel in the hippocampal neurons of rats with chronic mild stress depression model. Behav Brain Res 2022; 434:114033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kumbul YÇ, Nazıroğlu M. Paclitaxel Promotes Oxidative Stress-Mediated Human Laryngeal Squamous Tumor Cell Death through the Stimulation of Calcium and Zinc Signaling Pathways: No Synergic Action of Melatonin. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2084-2098. [PMID: 35075596 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The paclitaxel (PAX) and melatonin (MLT)-mediated mitochondria reactive free oxygen radical (miROS) generations via the influx of excessive Ca2+ and Zn2+ induce tumor cell death and apoptosis. However, a presence of resistance was demonstrated against the PAX treatment in the tumor cells. The stimulation of TRPM2 may increase the anticancer action of PAX after the treatment of MLT. We investigated the stimulating role of PAX with/without MLT on the excessive Ca2+ influx and miROS generation-mediated human laryngeal squamous cancer (Hep2) cell death through the stimulation of TRPM2. The Hep2 cells were divided into four groups as control, MLT (1 mM for 2 h), PAX (50 μM for 24 h), and PAX + MLT. In some experiments, we induced additional subgroups such as PAX+ACA and PAX+2APB. The stimulation of TRPM2 induced the increase of TRPM2 current densities, lipid peroxidation, cytosolic ROS, miROS, cytosolic Ca2+, and Zn2+ values in the Hep2 cells after the treatment of PAX, although their values were decreased by the treatment of MLT and TRPM2 antagonists (ACA and 2APB). In addition, the PAX induced apoptosis and cell death via upregulation of caspases and downregulation of antioxidant glutathione peroxidase and glutathione in the cells. The treatment of PAX increased protein band expression values of TRPM2, PARP-1, and caspase 3 and 9 in the Hep2. The increased expression, apoptotic, and cell death values were not affected by the treatment of MLT. In conclusion, PAX induced the increase of Hep2 cell death via upregulations of TRPM2 and Zn2+, although its downregulation via the treatment of MLT did not change the antitumor action of PAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Çağdaş Kumbul
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
- BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture, Industry and Trade Limited Company, Göller Bölgesi Teknokenti, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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Öcal Ö, Coşar A, Nazıroğlu M. Amantadine Attenuated Hypoxia-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Neurotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Inflammation via the Inhibition of TRPM2 and TRPV4 Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3703-3720. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Thangwong P, Jearjaroen P, Govitrapong P, Tocharus C, Tocharus J. Melatonin improves cognitive function by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and promoting synaptic plasticity during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yazğan Y, Nazıroğlu M. Involvement of TRPM2 in the Neurobiology of Experimental Migraine: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5581-5601. [PMID: 34370177 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial oxidative stress (OS) of trigeminal ganglia (TG) have essential roles in the etiology of migraine headache and aura. The stimulation of TRPM2 channel via the generation of OS and ADP-ribose (ADPR) induces pain, inflammatory, and oxidative neurotoxicity, although its inhibition reduces the intensity of pain and neurotoxicity in several neurons. However, the cellular and molecular effects of TRPM2 in the TG of migraine model (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN) on the induction of pain, OS, apoptosis, and inflammation remain elusive. GTN-mediated increases of pain intensity, apoptosis, death, cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS, caspase -3, caspase -9, cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and cytokine generations (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the TG of TRPM2 wild-type mouse were further increased by the TRPM2 activation, although they were modulated by the treatments of GSH, PARP-1 inhibitors (PJ34 and DPQ), and TRPM2 blockers (ACA and 2APB). However, the effects of GTN were not observed in the TG of TRPM2 knockout mice. The current data indicate that the maintaining activation of TRPM2 is not only important for the quenching OS, inflammation, and neurotoxicity in the TG neurons of mice with experimental migraine but also equally critical to the modulation of GTN-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener Yazğan
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture and Industry Ltd, Isparta, Turkey. .,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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Noopept Attenuates Diabetes-Mediated Neuropathic Pain and Oxidative Hippocampal Neurotoxicity via Inhibition of TRPV1 Channel in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5031-5051. [PMID: 34241806 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain and oxidative neurotoxicity are two adverse main actions of diabetes mellitus (DM). The expression levels of calcium ion (Ca2+) permeable TRPV1 channels are high in the dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) and hippocampus (HIPPO). TRPV1 is activated by capsaicin and reactive free oxygen radicals (fROS) to mediate peripheral neuropathy and neurotoxicity. Noopept (NP) acted several protective antioxidant actions against oxidative neurotoxicity. As DM is known to increase the levels of fROS, the protective roles of antioxidant NP were evaluated on the DM-mediated neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain via the modulation of TRPV1 in rats. Thirty-six rats were equally divided into control, NP, DM (streptozotocin, STZ), and STZ + NP groups. A decrease on the STZ-mediated increase of neuropathic pain (via the analyses of Von Frey and hot plate) and blood glucose level was observed by the treatment of NP. A protective role of NP via downregulation of TRPV1 activity on the STZ-induced increase of apoptosis, mitochondrial fROS, lipid peroxidation, caspase -3 (CASP-3), caspase -9 (CASP-9), TRPV1 current density, glutathione (GSH), cytosolic free Zn2+, and Ca2+ concentrations in the DRGs and HIPPO was also observed. The STZ-mediated decrease of glutathione peroxidase, GSH, vitamin E, and β-carotene concentrations in the brain cortex, erythrocyte, liver, kidney, and plasma was also attenuated by the treatment of NP. The STZ-mediated increase of TRPV1, CASP-3, and CASP-9 expressions was decreased in the DRGs and HIPPO by the treatment of NP. In conclusion, the treatment of NP induced protective effects against STZ-induced adverse peripheral pain and HIPPO oxidative neurotoxicity. These effects might attribute to the potent antioxidant property of NP.
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Ceyhan D, Guzel KGU, Cig B. The protective role of selenium against dental amalgam-induced intracellular oxidative toxicity through the TRPV1 channel in DBTRG glioblastoma cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20200414. [PMID: 33624687 PMCID: PMC7875545 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The exposure to mercury (Hg) from dental amalgams is a suspected causative factor in neurological diseases. This study investigated the toxic effects of two different amalgam compositions related to Hg and the protective effects of selenium against the toxic effects of Hg through the TRPV1 channel in the human DBTRG glioblastoma cell line. METHODOLOGY Six groups of the cells were organized. Analyses of cell viability, apoptosis, caspase 3 and caspase 9 activities, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and Western Blotting for protein expression levels were performed. RESULTS Cell viability values were lower in amalgam with high copper (HCu) and low copper (LCu) groups independently of time but were increased by selenium and capsazepine (p<0.001 and p<0.05). Conversely, apoptosis rates, caspase 3 and caspase 9 expression, ROS formation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and protein expression levels were higher in the HCu and LCu groups but were decreased by selenium (p<0.001 and p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Selenium combined with an amalgam of either HCu or LCu decreases the toxic effects created by Hg in human DBTRG glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Ceyhan
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Gorkem Ulu Guzel
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Bilal Cig
- Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kirsehir, Turkey
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Akyuva Y, Nazıroğlu M, Yıldızhan K. Selenium prevents interferon-gamma induced activation of TRPM2 channel and inhibits inflammation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and apoptosis in microglia. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:285-298. [PMID: 33044639 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microglia as the primary immune cells of brain act protective effects against injuries and infections in the central nervous system. Inflammation via excessive Ca2+ influx and oxygen radical species (ROS) generation is a known factor in many neurodegenerative disorders. Importantly, the Ca2+ permeable TRPM2 channel is activated by oxidative stress. Thus, TRPM2 could provide the excessive Ca2+ influx in the microglia. Although TRPM2 expression level is high in inflammatory cells, the interplay between mouse microglia and TRPM2 channel during inflammation is not fully identified. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms and factors involved in order to enhance neuronal regeneration and repair. The data presented here indicate that TRPM2 channels were activated in microglia cells by interferon-gamma (IFNγ). The IFNγ treatment further increased apoptosis (early and late) and cytokine productions (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) which were due to increased lipid peroxidation and ROS generations as well as increased activations of caspase -3 (Casp-3) and - 9 (Casp-9). However, selenium treatment diminished activations of TRPM2, cytokine, Casp-3, and Casp-9, and levels of lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial ROS production in the microglia that were treated with IFNγ. Moreover, addition of either PARP1 inhibitors (PJ34 or DPQ) or TRPM2 blockers (2-APB or ACA) potentiated the modulator effects of selenium. These results clearly suggest that IFNγ leads to TRPM2 activation in microglia cells; whereas, selenium prevents IFNγ-mediated TRPM2 activation and cytokine generation. Together the interplay between IFNγ released from microglia cells is importance in brain inflammation and may affect oxidative cytotoxicity in the microglia. Graphical abstract Summary of pathways involved in IFNγ-induced TRPM2 activation and microglia death through excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS): Modulator role of selenium (Se). The IFNγ causes the microglia activation. Nudix box domain of TRPM2 is sensitive to ROS. The ROS induces DNA damage and ADPR-ribose (ADPR) production in the nucleus via PARP1 enzyme activation. ADPR and ROS-induced TRPM2 activation stimulates excessive Ca2+ influx. ROS are produced in the mitochondria through the increase of free cytosolic Ca2+ (via TRPM2 activation) by the IFNγ treatment, although they are diminished by the TRPM2 channel blocker (ACA and 2-APB) and PARP1 inhibitor treatments. The main mechanism in the cell death and inflammatory effects of IFNγ is mediated by stimulation of ROS-mediated caspase (caspase -3 and - 9) activations and cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) via TRPM2 activation, respectively. The apoptotic, inflammatory, and oxidant actions of IFNγ are modulated through TRPM2 inhibition by the Se treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener Akyuva
- Departmant of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
- Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analysis and Innovation Ltd. Inc. Teknokent, Isparta, Turkey.
- Neuroscience Research Center (NÖROBAM), Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Kenan Yıldızhan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Armağan HH, Nazıroğlu M. Glutathione depletion induces oxidative injury and apoptosis via TRPM2 channel activation in renal collecting duct cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 334:109306. [PMID: 33309544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS)-induced glutathione (GSH) depletion plays an essential role in several kidney diseases such as chronic kidney disease and nephrotoxicity. The OS-dependent activation of TRPM2 cation channel in several neurons and cells were modulated by the concentration of intracellular GSH. However, the effects of GSH alteration on TRPM2 activation, OS, and apoptosis in the cortical collecting duct (mpkCCDc14) cells still remain elusive. We investigated the effects of GSH supplementation on OS-induced TRPM2 activation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) and mpkCCDc14 cells treated with buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO), a GSH synthase inhibitor. The HEK293 and mpkCCDc14 cells were divided into five groups as control, GSH (10 mM for 2 h), BSO (0.5 mM for 6 h), BSO + GSH, and BSO + TRPM2 channel blockers. Apoptosis, cell death, mitochondrial OS, caspase -3, caspase -9, cytosolic free Zn2+, and Ca2+ concentrations were increased in the BSO group of the TRPM2 expressing mpkCCDc14 cells, although they were diminished by the treatments of GSH, PARP-1 inhibitors (PJ34 and DPQ), and TRPM2 blockers (ACA and 2-APB). The BSO-induced decreases in the levels of cell viability and cytosolic GSH were increased by the treatments of GSH, ACA, and 2-APB. However, the effects of BSO and GSH were not observed in the non-TRPM2 expressing HEK293 cells. Current results show that maintaining GSH homeostasis is not only important for quenching OS in the cortical collecting duct cells but equally critical to modulate TRPM2 activation. Thus, suppressing apoptosis and mitochondrial OS responses elicited by oxidant action of GSH depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Hakan Armağan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey; Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture and Industry Ltd, Göller Bölgesi Teknokenti, Isparta, Turkey.
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Armağan HH, Nazıroğlu M. Curcumin Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Neurotoxicity, Apoptosis, Calcium, and Zinc Ion Influxes in a Neuronal Cell Line: Involvement of TRPM2 Channel. Neurotox Res 2020; 39:618-633. [PMID: 33211286 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis/cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) via overload free Ca2+ and Zn2+ uptake into mitochondria are emerging as crucial events in the etiology of hypoxia (HPX)-induced neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroprotective actions of curcumin (CURC) via modulation of oxidative stress and the PARP1-dependent activated TRPM2 cation channel on the ROS generation and cell death in several neurons have been recognized. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CURC's neuroprotection remain elusive. We investigated the role of CURC via modulation of TRPM2 on cell death and oxidative cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. The SH-SY5Y cells were divided into five groups as follows: CURC (10 µM for 24 h), HPX (200 µM CoCl2 for 24 h), CURC + HPX, and HPX + TRPM2 blockers (2-APB-100 µM or ACA-25 µM for 30 min). In some experiments, the cells in the HPX groups were additionally incubated with PARP1 (PJ34) and Zn2+ (TPEN) inhibitors. The exposure of CoCl2 induced increases of TRPM2 current density and Ca2+ fluorescence intensity with an increase of mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ROS generation. When HPX-induced TRPM2 activity was blocked by 2-APB and ACA, or the cells were treated with CURC, the increase of ROS generation, the expression levels of TRPM2 and PARP1 were restored. The levels of apoptosis and cell death in the cells were enriched with increases of caspase-3 and -9 activations, although they were decreased by CURC treatment. HPX-induced increase of cytosolic Zn2+ was attenuated by the TPEN and CURC treatments. In conclusion, CURC attenuates HPX-induced mitochondrial ROS generation, apoptosis, cell death, and TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ signaling and may provide an avenue for treating HPX-induced neurological diseases associated with the ROS, Ca2+, and Zn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Hakan Armağan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Director of Neuroscience Research Center (NOROBAM), Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analysis and Innovation Ltd. Inc., Teknokent, Isparta, Turkey.
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Wu ZY, Huang SD, Zou JJ, Wang QX, Naveed M, Bao HN, Wang W, Fukunaga K, Han F. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): Disturbance of the melatonin system and its implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Melatonin ingestion before intradialytic exercise improves immune responses in hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 53:553-562. [PMID: 32965623 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin (MEL) intake on systemic inflammation and immune responses during intradialytic exercise. METHODS Thirteen hemodialysis (HD) patients volunteered to participate in the current randomized-crossover study. Immunological responses were monitored in four HD sessions at different conditions: [Exercise (EX) + MEL], [EX + Placebo (PLA)], [Control (CON) + MEL] and [CON + PLA]. MEL (3 mg) or PLA was ingested 1 h before starting exercise or the equivalent time in CON condition. During all sessions, peripheral blood samples were collected to assess c-reactive protein, complete blood count, and immune cells phenotypes before HD (T0), immediately after exercise (T1) and 1 h after exercise (T2) or at corresponding times in the CON condition. RESULTS HD therapy induced a significant decrease in natural killer (NK) (p = 0.001, d = 0.85; p < 0.001, d = 1.19, respectively) and CD8+ T-lymphocytes rates (p = 0.001, d = 0.57; p < 0.001, d = 0.75, respectively) at T1 and T2 compared to T0. MEL intake prevented the decrease in NK and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, increased the proportion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes at T1 and T2 compared to T0 (p = 0.002, d = 1.18; p = 0.001, d = 1.04, respectively) and decreased the proportion of CD14++CD16+ Monocytes at T2 compared to T0 (p = 0.02, d = 1.57) in peripheral blood during HD therapy. Similar results were found in [EX + MEL] and [EX + PLA] conditions. CONCLUSION This pilot study provides the first evidence that MEL intake alone or associated with intradialytic exercise displays potential immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The combination of MEL with intradialytic exercise may be an appropriate anti-inflammatory therapy for HD patients.
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The Changes of Expression and Methylation of Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress in Course of Chronic Mild Stress and Antidepressant Therapy with Agomelatine. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060644. [PMID: 32545212 PMCID: PMC7349414 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies conducted so far suggest that oxidative stress processes may be associated with the mechanism of depression development. This study shows the effects of chronic administration of agomelatine on expression and the methylation status of Sod1, Sod2, Gpx1, Gpx4, Cat, Nos1, and Nos2 in the brain stricture and blood in the chronic mild stress (CMS) animal model of depression. The animals were exposed to the CMS procedure and treatment with agomelatine (10 mg/kg/day, IP) for five weeks and then were sacrificed. TaqMan Gene Expression Assay, Western blot, and methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting techniques were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of the genes, and the methylation status of their promoters. Gpx1, Gpx4, and Sod2 expression in the PBMCs and Sod1 and Sod2 expression in the brain were reduced in the stressed group after agomelatine administration. CMS caused an increase in the methylation of the third Gpx4 promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Gpx1 promoter in the cerebral cortex. Additionally, stressed rats treated with agomelatine displayed a significantly lower Gpx4 level in the hypothalamus. The results confirm the hypothesis that the CMS procedure and agomelatine administration change the expression level and methylation status of the promoter region of genes involved in oxidative and nitrosative stress.
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Çiğ B, Yildizhan K. Resveratrol diminishes bisphenol A-induced oxidative stress through TRPM2 channel in the mouse kidney cortical collecting duct cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:570-583. [PMID: 32515636 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1769657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BisPH-A) is a latent danger that threatens our health, which we frequently exposure in our modern life (e.g. the widespread use of drinking water in plastic pet bottles). But the BisPH-A induced transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2)-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in these cells has not been studied yet. Calcium (Ca2+) plays an important role in a versatile intracellular signal transduction that works over a wide range to regulate oxidative stress processes. TRPM2 is activated by oxidative stress and it has emerged as an important Ca2+ signaling mechanism in a variety of cells, contributing many cellular functions including cell death. Resveratrol (RESV), which belongs to the polyphenol group, acts as an antioxidant, eliminating cellular oxidative stress and increasing the body's resistance to diseases. The current study aimed to elucidate the effect of antioxidant resveratrol on TRPM2-mediated oxidative stress induced by BisPH-A exposure in the mouse kidney cortical collecting duct cells (mpkCCDcl4). The cells were divided into four groups as control, resveratrol (50 µM for 24 h), BisPH-A (100 µM for 24 h) and BisPH-A + RESV. Intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations and TRPM2 channel currents were high in BisPH-A treated cells, but decreased with resveratrol treatment. In addition, BisPH-A induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase 3, caspase 9 and apoptosis values were decreased by the resveratrol treatment. In conclusion, resveratrol protected cells from BisPH-A induced oxidative damage. In this study, we showed that TRPM2 channel mediates this protective effect of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Çiğ
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Kenan Yildizhan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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17
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Hsieh MJ, Lin CW, Su SC, Reiter RJ, Chen AWG, Chen MK, Yang SF. Effects of miR-34b/miR-892a Upregulation and Inhibition of ABCB1/ABCB4 on Melatonin-Induced Apoptosis in VCR-Resistant Oral Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 19:877-889. [PMID: 31982774 PMCID: PMC6994412 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the resistance of cells toward various drugs commonly used in tumor treatment. The mechanism of drug resistance in oral cancer is not completely understood. Melatonin is an endogenously produced molecule involved in active biological mechanisms including antiproliferation, oncogene expression modulation, antitumor invasion and migration, and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiangiogenic effects. Despite these functions, the effects of melatonin on vincristine (VCR)-resistant human oral cancer cells remain largely unknown. This study analyzed the role of melatonin in VCR-resistant human oral cancer cells along with the underlying mechanism. We determined that melatonin induced the apoptosis and autophagy of VCR-resistant oral cancer cells; these actions were mediated by AKT, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Melatonin inhibited ATP-binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) and ABCB4 expression in vitro and in vivo. Melatonin reduced the drug resistance and promoted the apoptosis of VCR-resistant oral cancer cells through the upregulation of microRNA-892a (miR-892a) and miR-34b-5p expressions. The expression of miR-892a and miR-34b-5p was related to melatonin-induced apoptosis, but not autophagy. Therefore, melatonin is a potential novel chemotherapeutic agent for VCR-resistant human oral cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou, and Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andy Wei-Ge Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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18
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Chen W, Chen X, Chen AC, Shi Q, Pan G, Pei M, Yang H, Liu T, He F. Melatonin restores the osteoporosis-impaired osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by preserving SIRT1-mediated intracellular antioxidant properties. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:92-106. [PMID: 31669348 PMCID: PMC9805353 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common bone diseases that affects millions of aging women. Reduced osteogenesis and increased oxidative stress have been implicated in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) derived from OP patients. Melatonin has shown positive effects on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation; however, it was unknown whether melatonin could restore OP-impaired osteogenic potential of BMMSCs and what the underlying mechanisms entailed. The objective of this study is to investigate (1) whether melatonin can restore the impaired osteogenic potential of OP BMMSCs by preserving their antioxidant functions, and if so, (2) whether intravenous administration of melatonin can prevent OP-induced bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Ovariectomies were performed in female rats and BMMSCs were isolated from the osteoporotic rats 3 months later. In vitro treatment with melatonin successfully improved the osteogenic differentiation of OP BMMSCs, as evidenced by increased levels of matrix mineralization and osteoblast-specific genes. In melatonin-treated OP BMMSCs, intracellular oxidative stress was significantly attenuated, while levels of intracellular antioxidant enzymes were noticeably up-regulated - particularly superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). Silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1) was involved in the melatonin-mediated recovery of osteogenesis and antioxidant functions. Meanwhile, in vivo injections of melatonin via the tail vein successfully ameliorated the bone micro-architecture in ovariectomized rat femurs. Further experiments confirmed that BMMSCs derived from melatonin-treated OVX rats exerted well-preserved antioxidant properties and osteogenic potential. Our findings demonstrate that the administration of melatonin is a promising strategy for treating patients with postmenopausal OP by preserving the antioxidant properties and osteogenic potential of their BMMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Angela Carley Chen
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
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19
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Bjørklund G, Rajib SA, Saffoon N, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S. Insights on Melatonin as an Active Pharmacological Molecule in Cancer Prevention: What's New? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6304-6320. [PMID: 29714136 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180501094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with playing an important role in circadian rhythm, melatonin is thought to play a significant role in preventing cells from damage, as well as in the inhibition of growth and in triggering apoptosis in malignant cells. Its relationship with circadian rhythms, energetic homeostasis, diet, and metabolism, is fundamental to achieve a better comprehension of how melatonin has been considered a chemopreventive molecule, though very few papers dealing with this issue. In this article, we tried to review the most recent evidence regarding the protective as well as the antitumoral mechanisms of melatonin, as related to diet and metabolic balance. From different studies, it was evident that an intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by upregulating an antioxidant gene battery in the presence of high-dose melatonin in malignant cells. Like other broad-spectrum antioxidant molecules, melatonin plays a vital role in killing tumor cells, preventing metastasis, and simultaneously keeping normal cells protected from oxidative stress and other types of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Nadia Saffoon
- Department of Pharmacy and Forensic Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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20
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Gimeno-Martos S, Casao A, Yeste M, Cebrián-Pérez JA, Muiño-Blanco T, Pérez-Pé R. Melatonin reduces cAMP-stimulated capacitation of ram spermatozoa. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:420-431. [PMID: 30209004 DOI: 10.1071/rd18087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of melatonin receptors on the surface of ram spermatozoa has led to speculation about melatonin having a role in sperm functionality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism through which melatonin regulates ram sperm capacitation induced by a cocktail containing cAMP-elevating agents. Cocktail samples capacitated in the presence of 1µM melatonin showed lower percentages of capacitated spermatozoa (chlortetracycline staining; P<0.001) together with a decrease in protein tyrosine phosphorylation (P<0.01) and lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cAMP (P<0.05) compared with cocktail samples without the hormone. Determination of kinematic parameters, together with principal component and cluster analyses, allowed us to define four sperm subpopulations (SP). After 3h of incubation with cAMP-elevating agents, the percentages of spermatozoa belonging to SP1 (high straightness) and SP4 (less-vigorous spermatozoa with non-linear motility) increased while SP2 and SP3 (rapid spermatozoa starting hyperactivation or already hyperactivated) decreased compared with the control sample. The presence of melatonin at 100 pM and 10nM restored these subpopulations to values closer to those found in the control sample. These results indicate that melatonin at micromolar concentrations modulates ram sperm capacitation induced by cAMP-elevating agents, reducing ROS and cAMP levels, whereas at lower concentrations melatonin modifies motile sperm subpopulations. These findings warrant further studies on the potential use of melatonin for controlling capacitation in artificial insemination procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gimeno-Martos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Adriana Casao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Campany 69, Campus Montilivi, E-17003 Girona, Spain
| | - José A Cebrián-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Muiño-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosaura Pérez-Pé
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences of Aragón, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
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21
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Liu T, Jin L, Chen M, Zheng Z, Lu W, Fan W, Li L, Zheng F, Zhu Q, Qiu H, Liu J, Chen M, Tian C, Hu Z, Zhang C, Luo M, Li J, Kang T, Yang L, Li Y, Deng W. Ku80 promotes melanoma growth and regulates antitumor effect of melatonin by targeting HIF1-α dependent PDK-1 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2019; 25:101197. [PMID: 31023624 PMCID: PMC6859552 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most malignant and aggressive cancers with high cancer-related deaths. However, it is unclear whether Ku80 regulates tumor growth in human melanoma. In this study, we screened a siRNA library targeting 6024 human genes and identified Ku80 as a potential therapeutic target in melanoma cells. Knockdown of Ku80 significantly suppressed melanoma cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, as well as enhanced the antitumor effect of melatonin in melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Ku80, however, promoted melanoma growth and increased the insensitivity of melanoma cells to melatonin. Mechanistically, we found that Ku80 bound to the PDK1 promoter and activated the transcription of PDK1. Moreover, we showed that the binding of Ku80 at the PDK-1 promoter was HIF1-α dependent, and melatonin degraded HIF1-α in melanoma cells. Furthermore, clinical data revealed that the expression of Ku80 and PDK-1 proteins were positively correlated and elevated in the tumor tissues of melanoma patients, and high expression of Ku80 predicted a poor prognosis in melanoma. Collectively, our study demonstrated that Ku80 promoted melanoma growth and regulated antitumor activity of melatonin by targeting HIF1-α dependent PDK-1 signaling pathway, suggesting that Ku80 may be a potential molecular target for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizi Jin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongheng Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhua Fan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liren Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fufu Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaohua Zhu
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Huijuan Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Manyu Chen
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunfang Tian
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changlin Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihua Luo
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jian Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lukun Yang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yizhuo Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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He F, Chuang CC, Zhou T, Jiang Q, Sedlock DA, Zuo L. Redox correlation in muscle lengthening and immune response in eccentric exercise. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208799. [PMID: 30589838 PMCID: PMC6307742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the potential involvement of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle dysfunction linked with stretching in a mouse model and to explore the effects of combined antioxidant intake on peripheral leukocyte apoptosis following eccentrically-biased downhill runs in human subjects. In the mouse model, diaphragmatic muscle was stretched by 30% of its optimal length, followed by 5-min contraction. Muscle function and extracellular reactive oxygen species release was measured ex vivo. In human models, participants performed two trials of downhill running either with or without antioxidant supplementation, followed by apoptotic assay of inflammatory cells in the blood. The results showed that stretch led to decreased muscle function and prominent ROS increase during muscle contraction. In human models, we observed an elevation in circulating leukocyte apoptosis 24-48 hours following acute downhill runs. However, there is an attenuated leukocyte apoptosis following the second bout of downhill run. Interestingly, the combination of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) supplementation attenuated the decrease in B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) at 24 hours following acute downhill running. These data collectively suggest that significant ROS formation can be induced by muscle-lengthening associated with eccentric exercise, which is accompanied by compromised muscle function. The combination of antioxidants supplementation appears to have a protective role via the attenuation of decrease in anti-apoptotic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Chico, Chico, CA, United States of America
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Tingyang Zhou
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Darlene A. Sedlock
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LZ); (DAS)
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Laboratory, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Maine, Presque Isle, ME, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LZ); (DAS)
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23
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Yang Z, Li C, Wang Y, Yang J, Yin Y, Liu M, Shi Z, Mu N, Yu L, Ma H. Melatonin attenuates chronic pain related myocardial ischemic susceptibility through inhibiting RIP3-MLKL/CaMKII dependent necroptosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 125:185-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Qiu LL, Wang C, Yao S, Li N, Hu Y, Yu Y, Xia R, Zhu J, Ji M, Zhang Z, Wang SL. Fenvalerate induces oxidative hepatic lesions through an overload of intracellular calcium triggered by the ERK/IKK/NF-κB pathway. FASEB J 2018; 33:2782-2795. [PMID: 30307764 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801289r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fenvalerate (FEN), a mainstream pyrethroid pesticide, was initially recommended as a low-toxicity agent for controlling agricultural and domestic pests. Despite the widespread use of FEN worldwide, little data are available on FEN-induced hepatic lesions and molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we first performed an occupational cross-sectional study on FEN factory workers and found that the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total antioxidant capacity increased, whereas malondialdehyde decreased in laborers in the working areas where the levels of airborne FEN were much higher compared with the office area. The results were then confirmed by animal experiments that abnormal hepatic histology, increased ALT level, and compromised hepatic oxidative capability were observed in rats exposed to a high concentration of FEN. Furthermore, the bioinformatics analysis of gene microarray in rat liver tissue showed that FEN significantly changed the expressions of genes related to the regulation of intracellular calcium ion homeostasis and the calcium signal pathway. Finally, the functional experiments in Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells demonstrated that FEN first activated ERK MAPK, followed by IKK and NF-κB, which triggered the transcription of genes responsible for accelerating an overload of intracellular calcium ions, prompted reactive oxygen species generation in the mitochondria, and finally, induced hepatic cellular apoptosis. The calcium signaling pathway and in particular, an overload of intracellular calcium play a critical role in this pathophysiological process via the ERK/IKK/NF-κB pathway. Our study furthers the understanding of the mechanism of FEN-induced hepatic injuries and may have implications in the prevention and control of liver diseases induced by environmental pesticides.-Qiu, L.-L., Wang, C., Yao, S., Li, N., Hu, Y., Yu, Y., Xia, R., Zhu, J., Ji, M., Zhang, Z., Wang S.-L. Fenvalerate induces oxidative hepatic lesions through an overload of intracellular calcium triggered by the ERK/IKK/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Lin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shen Yao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiansheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Nazıroğlu M, Taner AN, Balbay E, Çiğ B. Inhibitions of anandamide transport and FAAH synthesis decrease apoptosis and oxidative stress through inhibition of TRPV1 channel in an in vitro seizure model. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 453:143-155. [PMID: 30159798 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The expression level of TRPV1 is high in hippocampus which is a main epileptic area in the brain. In addition to the actions of capsaicin (CAP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), the TRPV1 channel is activated in neurons by endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide (AEA). In the current study, we investigated the role of inhibitors of TRPV1 (capsazepine, CPZ), AEA transport (AM404), and FAAH (URB597) on the modulation of Ca2+ entry, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in in vitro seizure-induced rat hippocampus and human glioblastoma (DBTRG) cell line. The seizure was induced in the hippocampal and DBTRG neurons using in vitro 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) to trigger a seizure-like activity model. CPZ and AM404 were fully effective in reversing 4-AP-induced intracellular free Ca2+ concentration of the hippocampus and TRPV1 current density of DBTRG. However, AEA and CAP did not activate TRPV1 in the URB597-treated neurons. Hence, we observed TRPV1 blocker effects of URB597 in the DBTRG neurons. In addition, the AM404 and CPZ treatments decreased intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, apoptosis, caspases 3 and 9 values in the hippocampus. In conclusion, the results indicate that inhibition of AEA transport, FAAH synthesis, and TRPV1 activity can result in remarkable neuroprotective effects in the epileptic neurons. Possible molecular pathways of involvement of capsazepine (CPZ) and AM4040 in anandamide and capsaicin (CAP)-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and Ca2+ accumulation through TRPV1 channel in the seizure-induced rat hippocampus and human glioblastoma neurons. The TRPV1 channel is activated by different stimuli including reactive oxygen species (ROS), anandamide (AEA), and CAP and it is blocked by capsazepine (CPZ). Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) is also activated by AEA. The AEA levels in cytosol are decreased by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) enzyme. Inhibition of FAAH through URB597 induces stimulation of CB1 receptor through accumulation AEA. URB597 acts antiepileptic effects through inhibition of TRPV1. Overloaded Ca2+ concentration of mitochondria can induce an apoptotic program by stimulating the release of apoptosis-promoting factors such as caspases 3 and caspase 9 by generating ROS due to respiratory chain damage. AM404 and CPZ reduce TRPV1 channel activation and Ca2+ entry in the in vitro 4-AP seizure model-induced hippocampal and glioblastoma neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey. .,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Afife Nur Taner
- Medicine Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Esra Balbay
- Medicine Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Bilal Çiğ
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Pariente R, Bejarano I, Espino J, Rodríguez AB, Pariente JA. Participation of MT3 melatonin receptors in the synergistic effect of melatonin on cytotoxic and apoptotic actions evoked by chemotherapeutics. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 80:985-998. [PMID: 28956121 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin has antitumor activity via several mechanisms including its antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in addition to its potent antioxidant actions. Therefore, melatonin may be useful in the treatment of tumors in association with chemotherapy drugs. PURPOSE AND METHODS This study was performed to study the role of melatonin receptors on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by the chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in two tumor cell lines, such as human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells and cervical cancer HeLa cells. RESULTS We found that both melatonin and the two chemotherapeutic agents tested induced a decrease in HT-29 and HeLa cell viability. Furthermore, melatonin significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents, particularly, in 5-fluorouracil-challenged cells. Stimulation of cells with either of the two chemotherapeutic agents in the presence of melatonin further increased caspase-3 activation. Concomitant treatments with melatonin and chemotherapeutic agents augmented the population of apoptotic cells compared to the treatments with chemotherapeutics alone. Blockade of MT1 and/or MT2 receptors with luzindole or 4-P-PDOT was unable to reverse the enhancing effects of melatonin on both cytotoxicity, caspase-3 activation and the amount of apoptotic cells evoked by the chemotherapeutic agents, whereas when MT3 receptors were blocked with prazosin, the synergistic effect of melatonin with chemotherapy on cytotoxicity and apoptosis was reversed. CONCLUSION Our findings provided evidence that in vitro melatonin strongly enhances chemotherapeutic-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in two tumor cell lines, namely HT-29 and HeLa cells and, this potentiating effect of melatonin is mediated by MT3 receptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bejarano
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Javier Espino
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ana B Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José A Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
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Pariente R, Bejarano I, Rodríguez AB, Pariente JA, Espino J. Melatonin increases the effect of 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:43-51. [PMID: 28819759 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has antitumor activity via several mechanisms including its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. Moreover, it has been proven that melatonin in combination with chemotherapeutic agents enhances chemotherapy-triggered apoptosis in several types of cancer. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate whether melatonin is able to strengthen the anti-cancer potential of different chemotherapeutic drugs in human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. We found that treatment with 20 µM cisplatin (CIS) or 1 mM 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for 72 h induced a decrease in HT-29 cell viability. Furthermore, 1 mM melatonin significantly (P < 0.05) increased the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU. Likewise, simultaneous stimulation with 1 mM melatonin and 1 mM 5-FU significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the ratio of cells with an overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species and substantially augmented the population of apoptotic cells compared to the treatment with 5-FU alone. Nonetheless, melatonin only displayed moderate chemosensitizing effects in CIS-treated HT-29 cells, as suggested by a slight increment in the fraction of early apoptotic cells that was observed only after 48 h. Consistently, co-stimulation of HT-29 cells with 20 µM CIS or 1 mM 5-FU in the presence of 1 mM melatonin further increased caspase-3 activation. Apart from this, the cytostatic activity displayed by CIS due to S phase arrest was not affected by concomitant stimulation with melatonin. Overall, our results indicate that melatonin increases the sensitivity of HT-29 cells to 5-FU treatment and, consequently, the indolamine could be potentially applied to colorectal adenocarcinoma treatment as a potent chemosensitizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bejarano
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ana Beatriz Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Javier Espino
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
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Wang H, Zhai N, Chen Y, Xu H, Huang K. Cadmium induces Ca 2+ mediated, calpain-1/caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in primary cultured rat proximal tubular cells. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 172:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Uslusoy F, Nazıroğlu M, Övey İS, Sönmez TT. Hypericum perforatum L. supplementation protects sciatic nerve injury-induced apoptotic, inflammatory and oxidative damage to muscle, blood and brain in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 71:83-92. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study was conducted to explore whether Hypericum perforatum L. (HPL) as a potent antioxidant protects against oxidative stress, cytokine production and caspase expression in muscle (soleus), brain and blood of sciatic nerve injury (SNI)-induced rats.
Methods
Thirty-five rats were equally divided into five groups. The first and second were used as untreated control and sham control groups, respectively. The third, fourth and fifth were sham + HPL, SNI and SNI + HPL groups, respectively. The third and fifth groups received 30 mg/kg HPL via gastric gavage for 28 days.
Key findings
High levels of muscle, brain and red blood cell (RBC) lipid peroxidation, plasma cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2), muscle PARP, caspase 3 and 9 expression levels were decreased by HPL treatments. Plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, α-tocopherol and melatonin, muscle, brain and RBC reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were decreased by SNI induction, whereas their values were increased by HPL treatments. β-carotene and retinol concentrations did not change in the five groups.
Conclusion
HPL may play a role in preventing SNI-induced inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic blood, muscle and brain damages through upregulation of the GSH and GPx values but downregulation of PARP, caspase level and cytokine production in SNI-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Uslusoy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İshak Suat Övey
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Tolga Taha Sönmez
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Lee MS, Yin TC, Sung PH, Chiang JY, Sun CK, Yip HK. Melatonin enhances survival and preserves functional integrity of stem cells: A review. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 27736010 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite state-of-the-art pharmaceutical regimens, continuous improvements in diagnostic techniques as well as refinements in equipment and interventional procedures, many diseases remain refractory to conventional therapies. Recent advances in stem cell (SC) biology have opened an avenue to exploring its therapeutic potential in various disease entities, especially those that are ischemia-related and refractory to conventional treatment. A number of experimental studies and clinical trials have already demonstrated promising outcomes. On the other hand, SC therapy is associated with major problems. For instance, ischemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress are some of the factors unfavorable for SC survival once SCs are implanted into the ischemic area in an attempt to enhance tissue regeneration and restore organ function. Melatonin, which is originally derived from pineal gland in the regulation of human circadian rhythms and sleep, is a potent free radical scavenger and metal chelator with the capacity to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as well as stabilizing cell membranes. Accumulating data have demonstrated that melatonin-supported SC therapy is superior to SC alone for improving ischemia-related organ dysfunction. In this review, we describe and interpret the potential role of melatonin in sustaining the survival and preserving the functional integrity of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Cheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University School of Medicine for International Students, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Demirdaş A, Nazıroğlu M, Ünal GÖ. Agomelatine reduces brain, kidney and liver oxidative stress but increases plasma cytokine production in the rats with chronic mild stress-induced depression. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:1445-1453. [PMID: 27438049 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Agomelatine (AGOM) as an antidepressant acts both as a melatonin-receptor agonist and a selective serotonin-receptor antagonist. As a potent melatonin derived antioxidant, AGOM might modulate depression-induced lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines in brain, kidney and liver. The present study explores whether AGOM protects against experimental depression-induced brain, kidney and liver oxidative stress, and plasma cytokine production in rats with chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depression. Thirty-six rats were divided into four groups. The first group was used as an untreated control. The second group received AGOM for 4 weeks. The third group was exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) of 4 weeks for induction depression. The fourth group received 40 mg/kg AGOM and CMS for 4 weeks. Liver and kidney lipid peroxidation levels were high in the CMS group although they were low in AGOM treatments. AGOM and AGOM + CMS treatments increased the lowered glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced glutathione levels in brain, kidney and liver of CMS group. β-carotene, vitamin A and vitamin E concentrations in the brain, kidney and liver of the four groups were not changed by CMS and AGOM treatments. However, plasma TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-4 levels were high in the CMS and AGOM group and their levels were further increased by the AGOM + CMS treatment. In conclusions, AGOM induced protective effects against experimental depression-induced brain, kidney, and liver oxidative injuries through regulation of the glutathione concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity. However, plasma cytokine productions were increased by the AGOM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Demirdaş
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Gülin Özdamar Ünal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Akpınar H, Nazıroğlu M, Övey İS, Çiğ B, Akpınar O. The neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine on apoptosis, calcium entry and oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia-induced rats: Contribution of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37196. [PMID: 27872485 PMCID: PMC5131653 DOI: 10.1038/srep37196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) may act as an antioxidant through regulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel activations in the neurons by reducing cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. The neuroprotective roles of DEX were tested on cerebral ischemia (ISC) in the cultures of rat primary hippocampal and DRG neurons. Fifty-six rats were divided into five groups. A placebo was given to control, sham control, and ISC groups, respectively. In the third group, ISC was induced. The DEX and ISC+DEX groups received intraperitoneal DEX (40 μg/kg) 3, 24, and 48 hours after ISC induction. DEX effectively reversed capsaicin and cumene hydroperoxide/ADP-ribose-induced TRPV1 and TRPM2 densities and cytosolic calcium ion accumulation in the neurons, respectively. In addition, DEX completely reduced ISC-induced oxidative toxicity and apoptosis through intracellular reactive oxygen species production and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane. The DEX and ISC+DEX treatments also decreased the expression levels of caspase 3, caspase 9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in the hippocampus and DRG. In conclusion, the current results are the first to demonstrate the molecular level effects of DEX on TRPM2 and TRPV1 activation. Therefore, DEX can have remarkable neuroprotective impairment effects in the hippocampus and DRG of ISC-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Akpınar
- Unit of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey.,Center of Neuroscience, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İshak Suat Övey
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Bilal Çiğ
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Orhan Akpınar
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
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Yazğan Y, Nazıroğlu M. Ovariectomy-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Calcium Ion Influx Through TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPV1 Are Prevented by 17β-Estradiol, Tamoxifen, and Raloxifene in the Hippocampus and Dorsal Root Ganglion of Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7620-7638. [PMID: 27832523 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Relative 17β-estradiol (E2) deprivation and excessive production of mitochondrial oxygen free radicals (OFRs) with a high amount of Ca2+ influx TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPV1 activity is one of the main causes of neurodegenerative disease in postmenopausal women. In addition to the roles of tamoxifen (TMX) and raloxifene (RLX) in cancer and bone loss treatments, regulator roles in Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial oxidative stress in neurons have not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether TMX and RLX interactions with TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPV1 in primary hippocampal (HPC) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron cultures of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty female rats were divided into five groups: a control group, an OVX group, an OVX+E2 group, an OVX+TMX group, and an OVX+RLX group. The OVX+E2, OVX+TMX, and OVX+RLX groups received E2, TMX, and RLX, respectively, for 14 days after the ovariectomy. E2, ovariectomy-induced TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPV1 current densities, as well as accumulation of cytosolic free Ca2+ in the neurons, were returned to the control levels by E2, TMX, and RLX treatments. In addition, E2, TMX, and RLX via modulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1 activity reduced ovariectomy-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, apoptosis, and cytosolic OFR production. TRPM2, TRPV1, PARP, and caspase-3 and caspase-9 expressions were also decreased in the neurons by the E2, TMX, and RLX treatments. In conclusion, we first reported the molecular effects of E2, TMX, and RLX on TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPV1 channel activation in the OVX rats. In addition, we observed neuroprotective effects of E2, RLX, and TMX on oxidative and apoptotic injuries of the hippocampus and peripheral pain sensory neurons (DRGs) in the OVX rats. Graphical Abstract Possible molecular pathways of involvement of DEX in cerebral ischemia-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and calcium accumulation through TRPA1, TRPM2 and TRPV1 in the hippocampus and DRG neurons of rats. The N domain of the TRPM2 contains ADP-ribose (ADPR) pyrophosphate enzyme, which is separately activated by ADPR and oxidative stress, although the channel is reversibly inhibited by N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (ACA). The TRPV1 is also activated by mitochondrial oxidative stress and capsaicin, and it is blocked by capsazepine (CPZ). TRPA1 is also activated by oxidative stress it is inhibited by AP18. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration through TRPA1, TRPM2 and TRPV1 in ovariectomized (OVX) rats may lead to neuronal toxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) processes, and eventual cell death. 17β-Estradiol (E2), tamoxifen (TMX), and raloxifene (RLX) reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis (including caspase-3 and caspase-9), mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and Ca2+ influx through the inhibition of TRPA1, TRPM2 and TRPV1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener Yazğan
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
- Neuroscience Research Center, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey.
- Nörolojik Bilimler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Müdürü, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, TR 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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N-acetylcysteine attenuates intrauterine growth retardation-induced hepatic damage in suckling piglets by improving glutathione synthesis and cellular homeostasis. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:327-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Asghari MH, Moloudizargari M, Bahadar H, Abdollahi M. A review of the protective effect of melatonin in pesticide-induced toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 13:545-554. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1214712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Moloudizargari
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Haji Bahadar
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Demirdaş A, Nazıroğlu M, Övey İS. Duloxetine Reduces Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Ca 2+ Entry Through Modulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1 Channels in the Hippocampus and Dorsal Root Ganglion of Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4683-4695. [PMID: 27443158 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Overload of Ca2+ entry and excessive oxidative stress in neurons are the two main causes of depression. Activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and TRP melastatin 2 (TRPM2) during oxidative stress has been linked to neuronal survival. Duloxetine (DULOX) in neurons reduced the effects of Ca2+ entry and reactive oxygen species (ROS) through glutamate receptors, and this reduction of effects may also occur through TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels. In order to better characterize the actions of DULOX in peripheral pain and hippocampal oxidative injury through modulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1, we tested the effects of DULOX on apoptosis and oxidative stress in the hippocampal and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats. Freshly isolated hippocampal and DRG neurons were incubated for 24 h with DULOX. In whole-cell patch-clamp and intracellular-free calcium ([Ca2+]) concentration (Fura-2) experiments, cumene hydroperoxide and ADP-ribose-induced TRPM2 currents in the neurons were inhibited by N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (ACA) and capsaicin-induced TRPV1 currents were inhibited by capsazepine (CPZ) incubations. TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel current densities, [Ca2+] concentration, apoptosis, caspase 3, caspase 9, mitochondrial depolarization, and intracellular ROS production values in the neurons were lower in the DULOX group than in controls. In addition, the above values were further decreased by DULOX + CPZ and DULOX + ACA treatments. In conclusion, TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels are involved in Ca2+ entry-induced neuronal death and modulation of the activity of these channels by DULOX treatment may account for their neuroprotective activity against apoptosis, excessive ROS production, and Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Demirdaş
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - İshak Suat Övey
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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A mechanistic approach for modulation of chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in human lymphocytes by melatonin, coenzyme Q10, and vinpocetine. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:839-50. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327115607945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chlorpyrifos (CP) is an organophosphorus pesticide that induces oxidative stress through the production of free radicals and depletes intracellular antioxidant reserves. In this study, the efficacy of three antioxidants (melatonin, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and vinpocetine) on alleviation of toxic effects of CP was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of CP, in the presence or absence of effective doses of melatonin, CoQ10, and vinpocetine, was determined in human peripheral blood lymphocytes after 72-h exposure. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity along with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as inflammatory index, were measured. Further, the viability and oxidative stress markers including cellular mitochondrial activity, cell death modes (apoptosis vs. necrosis), total antioxidant power (TAP), total thiol molecules (TTM), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. Results: CoQ10 and also the combination of the three antioxidants were the most notable in opposing toxicity of CP and led to increasing TAP and TTM; improvement of AChE activity; and lowering LPO, MPO, TNF-α, and apoptosis compared to CP alone. Conclusion: CP toxicity overwhelms the intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. Exogenous supplementation with antioxidants, such as the ones we have investigated, seems to be effective in the prevention of cytotoxicity of CP.
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Suwanjang W, Abramov AY, Charngkaew K, Govitrapong P, Chetsawang B. Melatonin prevents cytosolic calcium overload, mitochondrial damage and cell death due to toxically high doses of dexamethasone-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem Int 2016; 97:34-41. [PMID: 27155536 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stressor exposure activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and causes elevations in the levels of glucocorticoids (GC) from the adrenal glands. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that prolonged exposure to high GC levels can lead to oxidative stress, calcium deregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in a number of cell types. However, melatonin, via its antioxidant activity, exhibits a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death. Therefore, in the present study, we explored the protective effect of melatonin in GC-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Cellular treatment with the toxically high doses of the synthetic GC receptor agonist, dexamethasone (DEX) elicited marked decreases in the levels of glutathione and increases in ROS production, lipid peroxidation and cell death. DEX toxicity also induced increases in the levels of cytosolic calcium and mitochondrial fusion proteins (Mfn1 and Opa1) but decreases in the levels of mitochondrial fission proteins (Fis1 and Drp1). Mitochondrial damage was observed in large proportions of the DEX-treated cells. Pretreatment of the cells with melatonin substantially prevented the DEX-induced toxicity. These results suggest that melatonin might exert protective effects against oxidative stress, cytosolic calcium overload and mitochondrial damage in DEX-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilasinee Suwanjang
- Center for Innovation Development and Technology Transfer, Faculty of Medical Technology Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, 73170, Thailand; Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, UCL, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Komgrid Charngkaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, 73170, Thailand; Center for Neuroscience and Department for Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Banthit Chetsawang
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, 73170, Thailand.
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Balaban H, Nazıroğlu M, Demirci K, Övey İS. The Protective Role of Selenium on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Aged Rats: The Involvement of TRPM2 and TRPV1 Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2852-2868. [PMID: 27021021 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of Ca2+ entry into the hippocampus and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) through inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist drugs is the current standard of care in neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and peripheral pain. Oxidative stress activates Ca2+-permeable TRPM2 and TRPV1, and recent studies indicate that selenium (Se) is a potent TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel antagonist in the hippocampus and DRG. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective properties of Se in primary hippocampal and DRG neuron cultures of aged rats when given alone or in combination with scopolamine (SCOP). Thirty-two aged (18-24 months old) rats were divided into four groups. The first and second groups received a placebo and SCOP (1 mg/kg/day), respectively. The third and fourth groups received intraperitoneal Se (1.5 mg/kg/ over day) and SCOP + Se, respectively. The hippocampal and DRG neurons also were stimulated in vitro with a TRPV1 channel agonist (capsaicin) and a TRPM2 channel agonist (cumene hydroperoxide). We found that Se was fully effective in reversing SCOP-induced TRPM2 and TRPV1 current densities as well as errors in working memory and reference memory. In addition, Se completely reduced SCOP-induced oxidative toxicity by modulating lipid peroxidation, reducing glutathione and glutathione peroxidase. The Se and SCOP + Se treatments also decreased poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activity, intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations, apoptosis, and caspase 3, caspase 9, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization values in the hippocampus. In conclusion, the current study reports on the cellular level for SCOP and Se on the different endocytotoxic cascades for the first time. Notably, the research indicates that Se can result in remarkable neuroprotective and memory impairment effects in the hippocampal neurons of rats. Graphical abstract Possible molecular pathways of involvement of selenium (Se) in scopolamine (SCOP) induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and calcium accumulation through TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels in the hippocampus neurons of aged rats. The TRPM2 channel is activated by ADP-ribose and oxidative stress, although it is inhibited by ACA. The TRPV1 channel is activated by oxidative stress and capsaicin, and it is blocked by capsazepine (CPZ). The beta-amyloid plaque induces oxidative stress in hippocampus. SCOP can result in augmented ROS release in hippocampal neurons, leading to Ca2+ uptake through TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels. Mitochondria were reported to accumulate Ca2+ provided that intracellular Ca2+ rises, thereby leading to the depolarization of mitochondrial membranes and release of apoptosis-inducing factors such as caspase 3 and caspase 9. Se reduced TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel activation through the modulation of aging oxidative reactions and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Balaban
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Neuroscience Research Center, University of Suleyman Demirel, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Kadir Demirci
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İshak Suat Övey
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Kahya MC, Nazıroğlu M, Övey İS. Modulation of Diabetes-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Ca 2+ Entry Through TRPM2 and TRPV1 Channels in Dorsal Root Ganglion and Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats by Melatonin and Selenium. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2345-2360. [PMID: 26957303 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain and hippocampal injury can arise from the overload of diabetes-induced calcium ion (Ca2+) entry and oxidative stress. The transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 2 (TRPM2) and TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) are expressed in sensory neurons and hippocampus. Moreover, activations of TRPM2 and TRPV1 during oxidative stress have been linked to neuronal death. Melatonin (MEL) and selenium (Se) have been considered potent antioxidants that detoxify a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurological diseases. In order to better characterize the actions of MEL and Se in diabetes-induced peripheral pain and hippocampal injury through modulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1, we tested the effects of MEL and Se on apoptosis and oxidative stress in the hippocampal and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Fifty-eight rats were divided into six groups. The first group was used as control. The second group was used as the diabetic group. The third and fourth groups received Se and MEL, respectively. Intraperitoneal Se and MEL were given to diabetic rats in the fifth and sixth groups. On the 14th day, hippocampal and DRG neuron samples were freshly taken from all animals. The neurons were stimulated with a TRPV1 channel agonist (capsaicin) and a TRPM2 channel agonist (cumene hydroperoxide). We observed a modulator role of MEL and Se on intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations, current densities of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels, apoptosis, caspase 3, caspase 9, mitochondrial depolarization, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular ROS production values in the neurons. In addition, procaspase 3 and 9 activities in western blot analyses of the brain cortex were also decreased by MEL and Se treatments. In conclusion, in our diabetes experimental model, TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels are involved in the Ca2+ entry-induced neuronal death and modulation of this channel activity by MEL and Se treatment may account for their neuroprotective activity against apoptosis and Ca2+ entry. Graphical Abstract Possible molecular pathways of involvement of melatonin and selenium in diabetes-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and calcium accumulation through TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels in the hippocampus and DRG neurons of rats. The TRPM2 channel is activated by ADP-ribose and oxidative stress although it is inhibited by ACA. The TRPV1 channel is activated by oxidative stress and capsaicin and it is blocked by capsazepine (CPZ). Diabetes can result in augmented ROS release in hippocampal and DRG neurons through polyol reactions, leading to Ca2+ uptake through TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels. Mitochondria were reported to accumulate Ca2+ provided intracellular Ca2+ rises, thereby leading to the depolarization of mitochondrial membranes and release of apoptosis-inducing factors such as caspase 3 and caspase 9. Melatonin and selenium reduce TRPM2 and TRPV1 channel activation through the modulation of polyol oxidative reactions and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cemal Kahya
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Izmir Katip Celebi, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey.
- Neuroscience Research Center, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, TR-32260, Turkey.
| | - İshak Suat Övey
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
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Short-Term Ketamine Treatment Decreases Oxidative Stress Without Influencing TRPM2 and TRPV1 Channel Gating in the Hippocampus and Dorsal Root Ganglion of Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:133-144. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen X, Sun FJ, Wei YJ, Wang LK, Zang ZL, Chen B, Li S, Liu SY, Yang H. Increased Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 in Cortical Lesions of Patients with Focal Cortical Dysplasia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:280-90. [PMID: 26842013 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) represents a well-known cause of medically intractable epilepsy. Studies found that transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 4 (TRPV4) may participate in the occurrence of seizures. This study investigated the expression patterns of TRPV4 in FCD and the cascade that regulate functional state of TRPV4 in cortical neurons. METHODS Thirty-nine surgical specimens from FCD patients and 10 age-matched control samples from autopsies were included in this study. Protein expression and distribution were detected by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining. Calcium imaging was used to detect the TRPV4-mediated Ca(2+) influx in cortical neurons. RESULTS (1) The protein levels of TRPV4 and of an upstream factor, protein kinase C (PKC), were markedly elevated in FCD. (2) TRPV4 staining was stronger in the dysplastic cortices of FCD and mainly observed in neuronal microcolumns and malformed cells. (3) The activation of TRPV4 was central for [Ca(2+)]i elevation in cortical neurons, and this activity of TRPV4 in cortical neurons was regulated by the PKC, but not the PKA, pathway. CONCLUSION The overexpression and altered cellular distribution of TRPV4 in FCD suggest that TRPV4 may potentially contribute to the epileptogenesis of FCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei-Ji Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu-Kang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen-Le Zang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Yong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Honorio-França AC, Nunes GT, Fagundes DLG, de Marchi PGF, Fernandes RTDS, França JL, França-Botelho ADC, Moraes LCA, Varotti FDP, França EL. Intracellular calcium is a target of modulation of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in the presence of IgA adsorbed to polyethylene glycol. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:617-26. [PMID: 26893571 PMCID: PMC4745958 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s99839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical and epidemiological studies have indicated that breastfeeding has a protective effect on breast cancer risk. Protein-based drugs, including antibodies, are being developed to attain better forms of cancer therapy. Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the antibody class in human breast milk, and its activity can be linked to the protective effect of breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres with adsorbed SIgA on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. METHODS The PEG microspheres were characterized by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. The MCF-7 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection. MCF-7 cells were pre-incubated for 24 hours with or without SIgA (100 ng/mL), PEG microspheres or SIgA adsorbed in PEG microspheres (100 ng/mL). Viability, intracellular calcium release, and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyses revealed that SIgA was able to adsorb to the PEG microspheres. The MCF-7 cells that were incubated with PEG microspheres with adsorbed SIgA showed decreased viability. MCF-7 cells that were incubated with SIgA or PEG microspheres with adsorbed SIgA had increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels. In the presence of SIgA, an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells was observed. The highest apoptosis index was observed when the cells were treated with PEG microspheres with adsorbed SIgA. CONCLUSION These data suggest that colostral SIgA adsorbed to PEG microspheres has antitumor effects on human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and that the presence of large amounts of this protein in secreted breast milk may provide protection against breast tumors in women who breastfed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Triches Nunes
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Danny Laura Gomes Fagundes
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Luzia França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil; Institute of Health Sciences, University Center of Planalto de Araxá, Araxá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando de Pilla Varotti
- Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu - Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luzía França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil; Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu - Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pariente R, Pariente JA, Rodríguez AB, Espino J. Melatonin sensitizes human cervical cancer HeLa cells to cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis: effects on oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation. J Pineal Res 2016; 60:55-64. [PMID: 26462739 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has antitumor activity via several mechanisms including its antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects as well as its potent antioxidant actions, although recent evidence has indicated that melatonin may perform pro-oxidant actions in tumor cells. Therefore, melatonin may be useful in the treatment of tumors in association with chemotherapy drugs. This study was intended to evaluate the in vitro effect of melatonin on the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic actions of various chemotherapeutic agents in cervical cancer HeLa cells. Herein, we found that both melatonin and three of the chemotherapeutic drugs tested, namely cisplatin (CIS), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and doxorubicin, induced a decrease in HeLa cell viability. Furthermore, melatonin significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of such chemotherapeutic agents. Consistently, costimulation of HeLa cells with any chemotherapeutic agent in the presence of melatonin further increased caspase-3 activation, particularly in CIS- and 5-FU-challenged cells. Likewise, concomitant treatments with melatonin and CIS significantly enhanced the ratio of cells entering mitochondrial apoptosis due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, substantially augmented the population of apoptotic cells, and markedly enlarged DNA fragmentation compared to the treatments with CIS alone. Nonetheless, melatonin only displayed moderate chemosensitizing effects in 5-FU-stimulated HeLa cells, as suggested by slight increments in the percentage of cells stimulated for ROS production and in the proportion of early apoptotic cells compared to the treatments with 5-FU alone. In summary, our findings provided evidence that in vitro melatonin strongly enhances CIS-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HeLa cells and, hence, the indoleamine could be potentially applied to cervical cancer treatment as a powerful synergistic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José A Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ana B Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Javier Espino
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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França EL, Honorio-França AC, Fernandes RTDS, Marins CMF, Pereira CCDS, Varotti FDP. The Effect of Melatonin Adsorbed to Polyethylene Glycol Microspheres on the Survival of MCF-7 Cells. Neuroimmunomodulation 2016; 23:27-32. [PMID: 26445481 DOI: 10.1159/000439277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although melatonin exhibits oncostatic properties such as antiproliferative effects, the oral bioavailability of this hormone is less than 20%. Modified drug release systems have been used to improve the pharmacological efficiency of drugs. These systems can change the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the associated drugs. Thus, this study investigated the effect of melatonin adsorbed to polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The MCF-7 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. MCF-7 cells were preincubated for 24 h with or without melatonin (100 ng/ml), PEG microspheres or melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres (100 ng/ml). Viability, intracellular calcium release and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells were determined by flow cytometry. MCF-7 cells incubated with melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres showed a lower viability rate (40.0 ± 8.3 with melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres compared to 54.1 ± 7.3 with melatonin; 81.8 ± 12.5 with PEG microsphere and 92.7 ± 4.1 with medium), increased spontaneous intracellular Ca2+ release (27.0 ± 8.6 with melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres compared to 21.5 ± 13.4 with melatonin; 10.1 ± 5.4 with PEG microsphere and 9.1 ± 5.6 with medium) and increased apoptosis index (51.2 ± 2.7 with melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres compared to 36.0 ± 2.1 with melatonin; 4.9 ± 0.5 with PEG microsphere and 3.1 ± 0.6 with medium). The results indicate that melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres exerts antitumor effects on human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. However, clinical tests must be performed to confirm the use of melatonin adsorbed to PEG microspheres as an alternative therapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Luzía França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garx00E7;as, Brazil
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Extracellular heat shock proteins protect U937 cells from H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 412:19-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nazıroğlu M, Övey İ. Involvement of apoptosis and calcium accumulation through TRPV1 channels in neurobiology of epilepsy. Neuroscience 2015; 293:55-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Çiğ B, Nazıroğlu M. Investigation of the effects of distance from sources on apoptosis, oxidative stress and cytosolic calcium accumulation via TRPV1 channels induced by mobile phones and Wi-Fi in breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2756-65. [PMID: 25703814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
TRPV1 is a Ca2+ permeable channel and gated by noxious heat, oxidative stress and capsaicin (CAP). Some reports have indicated that non-ionized electromagnetic radiation (EMR)-induces heat and oxidative stress effects. We aimed to investigate the effects of distance from sources on calcium signaling, cytosolic ROS production, cell viability, apoptosis, plus caspase-3 and -9 values induced by mobile phones and Wi-Fi in breast cancer cells MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines were divided into A, B, C and D groups as control, 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz groups, respectively. Cells in Group A were used as control and were kept in cell culture conditions without EMR exposure. Groups B, C and D were exposed to the EMR frequencies at different distances (0 cm, 1 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 25 cm) for 1h before CAP stimulation. The cytosolic ROS production, Ca2+ concentrations, apoptosis, caspase-3 and caspase-9 values were higher in groups B, C and D than in A group at 0 cm, 1 cm and 5 cm distances although cell viability (MTT) values were increased by the distances. There was no statistically significant difference in the values between control, 20 and 25 cm. Wi-Fi and mobile phone EMR placed within 10 cm of the cells induced excessive oxidative responses and apoptosis via TRPV1-induced cytosolic Ca2+ accumulation in the cancer cells. Using cell phones and Wi-Fi sources which are farther away than 10 cm may provide useful protection against oxidative stress, apoptosis and overload of intracellular Ca2+. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Çiğ
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey; Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Yürüker V, Nazıroğlu M, Şenol N. Reduction in traumatic brain injury-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and calcium entry in rat hippocampus by melatonin: Possible involvement of TRPM2 channels. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:223-31. [PMID: 25339252 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, which is a very effective reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, acts through a direct reaction with free radicals. Ca(2+) entry induced by traumatic brain injury (TBI) has deleterious effects on human hippocampal function. TRPM2 is a Ca(2+) permeable non-selective channel in hippocampal neurons, and its activation of during oxidative stress has been linked to cell death. Despite the importance of oxidative stress in TBI, its role in apoptosis and Ca(2+) entry in TBI is poorly understood. Therefore, we tested the effects of melatonin on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and Ca(2+) entry through the TRPM2 channel in the hippocampal neurons of TBI-induced rats. Thirty-two rats were divided into the following four groups: control, melatonin, TBI, and TBI + melatonin groups. Melatonin (5 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally given to animals in the melatonin group and the TBI + melatonin group after 1 h of brain trauma. Hippocampal neurons were freshly isolated from the four groups, incubated with a nonspecific TRPM2 blocker (2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate, 2-APB), and then stimulated with cumene hydroperoxide. Apoptosis, caspase-3, caspase-9, intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and intracellular free Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) values were high in the TBI group, and low in the TBI + melatonin group. The [Ca(2+)]i concentration was decreased in the four groups by 2-APB. In our TBI experimental model, TRPM2 channels were involved in Ca(2+) entry-induced neuronal death, and the negative modulation of the activity of this channel by melatonin pretreatment may account for the neuroprotective activity of TRPM2 channels against oxidative stress, apoptosis, and Ca(2+) entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vehbi Yürüker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of SuleymanDemirel, Isparta, Turkey
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Zholos AV. TRP Channels in Respiratory Pathophysiology: the Role of Oxidative, Chemical Irritant and Temperature Stimuli. Curr Neuropharmacol 2015; 13:279-91. [PMID: 26411771 PMCID: PMC4598440 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x13666150331223118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is rapidly growing evidence indicating multiple and important roles of Ca(2+)- permeable cation TRP channels in the airways, both under normal and disease conditions. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of TRP channels in sensing oxidative, chemical irritant and temperature stimuli by discussing expression and function of several TRP channels in relevant cell types within the respiratory tract, ranging from sensory neurons to airway smooth muscle and epithelial cells. Several of these channels, such as TRPM2, TRPM8, TRPA1 and TRPV1, are discussed in much detail to show that they perform diverse, and often overlapping or contributory, roles in airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory disorders. These include TRPM2 involvement in the disruption of the bronchial epithelial tight junctions during oxidative stress, important roles of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels in airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, chronic cough, and hyperplasia of airway smooth muscles, as well as TRPM8 role in COPD and mucus hypersecretion. Thus, there is increasing evidence that TRP channels not only function as an integral part of the important endogenous protective mechanisms of the respiratory tract capable of detecting and ensuring proper physiological responses to various oxidative, chemical irritant and temperature stimuli, but that altered expression, activation and regulation of these channels may also contribute to the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Zholos
- Department of Biophysics, Educational and Scientific Centre "Institute of Biology", Taras Shevchenko Kiev National University, 2 Academician Glushkov Avenue, Kiev 03022, Ukraine.
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