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Huang SH, Hong ZJ, Chen MF, Tsai MW, Chen SJ, Cheng CP, Sytwu HK, Lin GJ. Melatonin inhibits the formation of chemically induced experimental encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis through modulation of T cell differentiation by suppressing of NF-κB activation in dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111300. [PMID: 38016346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Surgery is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of complete intestinal obstruction. However, complete intestinal obstruction in long-term PD results in high mortality and morbidity rates after surgery. Immunopathogenesis participates in EPS formation: CD8, Th1, and Th17 cell numbers increased during the formation of EPS. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin may have beneficial effects on this EPS. In the present study, we determined that melatonin treatment significantly decreases the Th1 and Th17 cell populations in mice with EPS, decreases the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and increases the production of IL-10. The suppression of Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation by melatonin occurs through the inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) activation by affecting the initiation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in DCs. Our study suggests that melatonin has preventive potential against the formation of EPS in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jie Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fei Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Jou Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Pi Cheng
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Perez F, Kotecha N, Lavoie B, Mawe GM, Patel BA. Monitoring Gut Epithelium Serotonin and Melatonin Overflow Provides Spatial Mapping of Inflammation. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200334. [PMID: 36394122 PMCID: PMC9909162 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical arrays were used to measure the overflow of serotonin (5-HT) and melatonin (MEL) from the entire colon of healthy mice and mice with chemical-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), to understand the interplay between inflammation and colonic function. We show that 5-HT overflow is increased, whilst MEL levels are reduced, in inflamed tissues. The levels of MEL are increased at the interface between healthy and inflamed regions within the colon and may limit the spread of inflammation. Understanding the interplay between inflammation and mucosal epithelial signalling can provide key insight into colonic function and aid the development of effective therapeutic strategies to treat gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Perez
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Nikki Kotecha
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Brigitte Lavoie
- Department of Neurological Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405 USA
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Department of Neurological Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405 USA
| | - Bhavik Anil Patel
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Potential Therapeutic Approach of Melatonin against Omicron and Some Other Variants of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206934. [PMID: 36296527 PMCID: PMC9609612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Omicron variant (B.529) of COVID-19 caused disease outbreaks worldwide because of its contagious and diverse mutations. To reduce these outbreaks, therapeutic drugs and adjuvant vaccines have been applied for the treatment of the disease. However, these drugs have not shown high efficacy in reducing COVID-19 severity, and even antiviral drugs have not shown to be effective. Researchers thus continue to search for an effective adjuvant therapy with a combination of drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19 disease. We were motivated to consider melatonin as a defensive agent against SARS-CoV-2 because of its various unique properties. Over 200 scientific publications have shown the significant effects of melatonin in treating diseases, with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Melatonin has a high safety profile, but it needs further clinical trials and experiments for use as a therapeutic agent against the Omicron variant of COVID-19. It might immediately be able to prevent the development of severe symptoms caused by the coronavirus and can reduce the severity of the infection by improving immunity.
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Xia L, Sun C, Zhu H, Zhai M, Zhang L, Jiang L, Hou P, Li J, Li K, Liu Z, Li B, Wang X, Yi W, Liang H, Jin Z, Yang J, Yi D, Liu J, Yu S, Duan W. Melatonin protects against thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection through SIRT1-dependent regulation of oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell loss. J Pineal Res 2020; 69:e12661. [PMID: 32329099 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin functions as an endogenous protective molecule in multiple vascular diseases, whereas its effects on thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) and underlying mechanisms have not been reported. In this study, TAAD mouse model was successfully induced by β-aminopropionitrile fumarate (BAPN). We found that melatonin treatment remarkably prevented the deterioration of TAAD, evidenced by decreased incidence, ameliorated aneurysmal dilation and vascular stiffness, improved aortic morphology, and inhibited elastin degradation, macrophage infiltration, and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Moreover, melatonin blunted oxidative stress damage and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss. Notably, BAPN induced a decrease in SIRT1 expression and activity of mouse aorta, whereas melatonin treatment reversed it. Further mechanistic study demonstrated that blocking SIRT1 signaling partially inhibited these beneficial effects of melatonin on TAAD. Additionally, the melatonin receptor was involved in this phenomenon. Our study is the first to report that melatonin exerts therapeutic effects against TAAD by reducing oxidative stress and VSMC loss via activation of SIRT1 signaling in a receptor-dependent manner, thus suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for TAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaifeng Li
- Institute of Material Medical, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Buying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongliang Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dinghua Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Camello-Almaraz C, Martin-Cano FE, Santos FJ, Espin MT, Antonio Madrid J, Pozo MJ, Camello PJ. Age-Induced Differential Changes in the Central and Colonic Human Circadian Oscillators. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020674. [PMID: 31968581 PMCID: PMC7013976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging modifies not only multiple cellular and homeostatic systems, but also biological rhythms. The circadian system is driven by a central hypothalamic oscillator which entrains peripheral oscillators, in both cases underlain by circadian genes. Our aim was to characterize the effect of aging in the circadian expression of clock genes in the human colon. Ambulatory recordings of the circadian rhythms of skin wrist temperature, motor activity and the integrated variable TAP (temperature, activity and position) were dampened by aging, especially beyond 74 years of age. On the contrary, quantitative analysis of genes expression in the muscle layer of colonic explants during 24 h revealed that the circadian expression of Bmal1, Per1 and Clock genes, was larger beyond that age. In vitro experiments showed that aging induced a parallel increase in the myogenic contractility of the circular colonic muscle. This effect was not accompanied by enhancement of Ca2+ signals. In conclusion, we describe here for the first time the presence of a molecular oscillator in the human colon. Aging has a differential effect on the systemic circadian rhythms, that are impaired by aging, and the colonic oscillator, that is strengthened in parallel with the myogenic contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Camello-Almaraz
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Campus Universitario, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.C.-A.); (F.E.M.-C.); (M.J.P.)
| | - Francisco E. Martin-Cano
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Campus Universitario, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.C.-A.); (F.E.M.-C.); (M.J.P.)
| | - Francisco J. Santos
- Surgery Department, University Hospital, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Avda Universidad, 10004 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Mª Teresa Espin
- Faculty of Medicine, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Avda Elbas, 06080 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Juan Antonio Madrid
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Maria J. Pozo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Campus Universitario, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.C.-A.); (F.E.M.-C.); (M.J.P.)
| | - Pedro J. Camello
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Campus Universitario, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (C.C.-A.); (F.E.M.-C.); (M.J.P.)
- Correspondence:
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6
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Fidalgo S, Patel BA, Ranson RN, Saffrey MJ, Yeoman MS. Changes in murine anorectum signaling across the life course. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13426. [PMID: 30062757 PMCID: PMC6175477 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing age is associated with an increase in the incidence of chronic constipation and fecal impaction. The contribution of the natural aging process to these conditions is not fully understood. This study examined the effects of increasing age on the function of the murine anorectum. METHODS The effects of increasing age on cholinergic, nitrergic, and purinergic signaling pathways in the murine anorectum were examined using classical organ bath assays to examine tissue function and electrochemical sensing to determine age-related changes in nitric oxide and acetylcholine release. KEY RESULTS Nitrergic relaxation increased between 3 and 6 months, peaked at 12 months and declined in the 18 and 24 months groups. These changes were in part explained by an age-related decrease in nitric oxide (NO) release. Cholinergic signaling was maintained with age by an increase in acetylcholine (ACh) release and a compensatory decrease in cholinesterase activity. Age-related changes in purinergic relaxation were qualitatively similar to nitrergic relaxation although the relaxations were much smaller. Increasing age did not alter the response of the anorectum smooth muscle to exogenously applied ACh, ATP, sodium nitroprusside or KCl. Similarly, there was no change in basal tension developed by the anorectum. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The decrease in nitrergic signaling with increasing age may contribute to the age-related fecal impaction and constipation previously described in this model by partially obstructing defecation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Fidalgo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular ScienceCentre for Stress and Age‐Related DiseaseUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK
| | - B. A. Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular ScienceCentre for Stress and Age‐Related DiseaseUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK
| | - R. N. Ranson
- Department of Applied SciencesFaculty of Health and Life SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - M. J. Saffrey
- School of Life, Health and Chemical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | - M. S. Yeoman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular ScienceCentre for Stress and Age‐Related DiseaseUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK
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7
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MacEachern SJ, Keenan CM, Papakonstantinou E, Sharkey KA, Patel BA. Alterations in melatonin and 5-HT signalling in the colonic mucosa of mice with dextran-sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1535-1547. [PMID: 29447434 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by pain, bleeding, cramping and altered gastrointestinal (GI) function. Changes in mucosal 5-HT (serotonin) signalling occur in animal models of colitis and in humans suffering from IBD. Melatonin is co-released with 5-HT from the mucosa and has a wide variety of actions in the GI tract. Here, we examined how melatonin signalling is affected by colitis and determined how this relates to 5-HT signalling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using electroanalytical approaches, we investigated how 5-HT release, reuptake and availability as well as melatonin availability are altered in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Studies were conducted to explore if melatonin treatment during active colitis could reduce the severity of colitis. KEY RESULTS We observed an increase in 5-HT and a decrease in melatonin availability in DSS-induced colitis. A significant reduction in 5-HT reuptake was observed in DSS-induced colitis animals. A reduction in the content of 5-HT was observed, but no difference in tryptophan levels were observed. A reduction in deoxycholic acid-stimulated 5-HT availability and a significant reduction in mechanically-stimulated 5-HT and melatonin availability were observed in DSS-induced colitis. Orally or rectally administered melatonin once colitis was established did not significantly suppress inflammation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our data suggest that DSS-induced colitis results in a reduction in melatonin availability and an increase in 5-HT availability, due to a reduction/loss of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 enzyme, 5-HT content and 5-HT transporters. Mechanosensory release was more susceptible to inflammation when compared with chemosensory release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J MacEachern
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine M Keenan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bhavik Anil Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton, UK.,Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton, UK
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8
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Moine L, Díaz de Barboza G, Pérez A, Benedetto M, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Glutamine protects intestinal calcium absorption against oxidative stress and apoptosis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 212:64-71. [PMID: 28732794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether glutamine (GLN) could block the inhibition of the intestinal Ca2+ absorption caused by menadione (MEN), and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. To do this, one-month old chicks were divided in four groups: 1) controls, 2) MEN treated, 3) GLN treated and 4) GLN treated before or after MEN treatment. Intestinal Ca2+ absorption as well as protein expression of molecules involved in the transcellular Ca2+ pathway were determined. Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide anion and activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system were evaluated. Apoptosis was measured by the TUNEL technique, the expression of FAS and FASL and the caspase-3 activity. A previous dose of 0.5gGLN/kg of b.w. was necessary to show its protector effect and a dose of 1g/kg of b.w. could restore the intestinal Ca2+ absorption after MEN treatment. GLN alone did not modify the protein expression of calbindin D28k and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase, but blocked the inhibitory effect of the quinone. GLN avoided changes in the intestinal redox state provoked by MEN such as a decrease in the GSH content, and increases in the superoxide anion and in the SOD and CAT activities. GLN abrogated apoptotic effects caused by MEN in intestinal mucosa, as indicated by the reduction of TUNEL (+) cells and the FAS/FASL/caspase-3 pathway. In conclusion, GLN could be an oral nutritional supplement to normalize the redox state and the proliferation/cell death ratio in the small intestine improving the intestinal Ca2+ absorption altered by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Moine
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Díaz de Barboza
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adriana Pérez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Benedetto
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
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9
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Patel BA, Fidalgo S, Wang C, Parmar L, Mandona K, Panossian A, Flint MS, Ranson RN, Saffrey MJ, Yeoman MS. The TNF-α antagonist etanercept reverses age-related decreases in colonic SERT expression and faecal output in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42754. [PMID: 28198447 DOI: 10.1038/srep42754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for chronic constipation in older people is challenging and the condition has a major impact on quality of life. A lack of understanding about the causes of this condition has hampered the development of effective treatments. 5-HT is an important pro-kinetic agent in the colon. We examined whether alterations in colonic 5-HT signalling underlie age-related changes in faecal output in mice and whether these changes were due to an increase in TNF-α. Components of the 5-HT signalling system (5-HT, 5-HIAA, SERT) and TNF-α expression were examined in the distal colon of 3, 12, 18 and 24-month old mice and faecal output and water content monitored under control conditions and following the administration of etanercept (TNF-α inhibitor; 1 mg Kg-1). Faecal output and water content were reduced in aged animals. Age increased mucosal 5-HT availability and TNF-α expression and decreased mucosal SERT expression and 5-HIAA. Etanercept treatment of old mice reversed these changes, suggesting that age-related changes in TNFα expression are an important regulator of mucosal 5-HT signalling and pellet output and water content in old mice. These data point to "anti-TNFα" drugs as potential treatments for age-related chronic constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavik Anil Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Sara Fidalgo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Leena Parmar
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Kasonde Mandona
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Annabelle Panossian
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Melanie S Flint
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Richard N Ranson
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - M Jill Saffrey
- Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Mark S Yeoman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
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10
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Coto-Montes A, Boga JA, Tan DX, Reiter RJ. Melatonin as a Potential Agent in the Treatment of Sarcopenia. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101771. [PMID: 27783055 PMCID: PMC5085795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the increased speed at which the world population is aging, sarcopenia could become an epidemic in this century. This condition currently has no means of prevention or treatment. Melatonin is a highly effective and ubiquitously acting antioxidant and free radical scavenger that is normally produced in all organisms. This molecule has been implicated in a huge number of biological processes, from anticonvulsant properties in children to protective effects on the lung in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we summarize the data which suggest that melatonin may be beneficial in attenuating, reducing or preventing each of the symptoms that characterize sarcopenia. The findings are not limited to sarcopenia, but also apply to osteoporosis-related sarcopenia and to age-related neuromuscular junction dysfunction. Since melatonin has a high safety profile and is drastically reduced in advanced age, its potential utility in the treatment of sarcopenic patients and related dysfunctions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cellular Biology, Medicine Faculty, University of Oviedo, Julian Claveria, s/n, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Jose A Boga
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, s/n, Oviedo 33011, Spain.
| | - Dun X Tan
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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11
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El-Gowelli HM, Saad EI, Abdel-Galil AGA, Ibrahim ER. Co-administration of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravates colon ulceration of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via facilitation of NO/COX-2/miR-210 cascade. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:300-12. [PMID: 26276312 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine demonstrated significant protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. We proposed that α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine co-administration might modulate their individual effects. Induction of ulcerative colitis in rats was performed by intra-rectal acetic acid (5% v/v) administration for 3 consecutive days. Effects of individual or combined used of α-lipoic acid (35 mg/kg ip) or cyclosporine (5mg/kg sc) for 6 days starting 2 days prior to acetic acid were assessed. Acetic acid caused colon ulceration, bloody diarrhea and weight loss. Histologically, there was mucosal atrophy and inflammatory cells infiltration in submucosa, associated with depletion of colon reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and elevated colon malondialdehyde, serum C-reactive protein (C-RP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Colon gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and miR-210 was also elevated. These devastating effects of acetic acid were abolished upon concurrent administration of α-lipoic acid. Alternatively, cyclosporine caused partial protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis. Cyclosporine did not restore colon reduced glutathione, catalase activity, serum C-RP or TNF-α. Unexpectedly, co-administration of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravated colon ulceration. Concomitant use of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine significantly increased nitric oxide production, cyclooxygenase-2 and miR-210 gene expression compared to all other studied groups. The current findings suggest that facilitation of nitric oxide/cyclooxygenase-2/miR-210 cascade constitutes, at least partially, the cellular mechanism by which concurrent use of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravates colon damage. Collectively, the present work highlights the probable risk of using α-lipoic acid/cyclosporine combination in ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M El-Gowelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Evan I Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | | - Einas R Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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12
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Akbulut KG, Aktas SH, Akbulut H. The role of melatonin, sirtuin2 and FoXO1 transcription factor in the aging process of colon in male rats. Biogerontology 2014; 16:99-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Martin-Cano FE, Camello-Almaraz C, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Pozo MJ, Camello PJ. Age-related changes in mitochondrial function of mouse colonic smooth muscle: beneficial effects of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2014; 56:163-74. [PMID: 24313280 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process that involves biochemical, structural, and functional changes in mitochondria. The ability of melatonin to palliate the alterations induced by aging is based on its chronobiologic, antioxidant, and mitochondrial effects. There is little information about the effects of melatonin on the in situ mitochondrial network of aging cells and its physiological implications. We have studied the ability of melatonin to prevent the functional alterations of in situ mitochondria of smooth muscle cells and its impact on contractility. Mitochondrial membrane potential was recorded in isolated colonic smooth muscle cells from young mice (3 month old), aged mice (22-24-month old), and aged mice treated with melatonin (starting at 14-month age). Aging induced a partial mitochondrial depolarization in resting conditions and reduced the depolarizing response to cellular stimulation. Use of oligomycin indicated that aging enhanced the resting activity of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, whereas in young cells, the enzyme operated mainly in reverse mode. Melatonin treatment prevented all these changes. Aging reduced both spontaneous and stimulated contraction of colonic strips and shifted the metabolic dependence of contraction from mitochondria to glycolysis, as indicated the use of mitochondrial and glycolysis inhibitors. These functional alterations were also palliated by melatonin treatment. Aging effects were not related to a decrease in Ca2+ store mobilization, because this was enhanced in aged cells and restored by melatonin. In conclusion, melatonin prevents the age induced in situ mitochondrial potential alterations in smooth muscle cells and the associated changes in contractility and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E Martin-Cano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Ahsen A, Gonul Y, Genc A, Ulu MS, Yagmurca M, Kocogullari CU, Celik S, Yuksel S. Protective Effect of Melatonin on Infrarenal Aortic Occlusion: This Effect Is Related to Anti-inflammatory Effect and Antioxidant Effect. Inflammation 2014; 37:1111-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9835-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
AbstractSevere thermal injury may be complicated by dysfunction of organs distant from the original burn wound, including the liver, and represents a serious clinical problem. Although pathophysiology of burn-induced liver injury remains unclear, increasing evidence implicate activation of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders as the main mechanisms of hepatic injury. Several studies suggest melatonin as a multifunctional indolamine that counteracts some of the pathophysiologic steps and displays significant beneficial effects against burn-induced cellular injury. This review summarizes the role of melatonin in restricting the burn-induced hepatic injury and focuses on its effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders as well as on signaling pathways such as regulation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Further studies are necessary to elucidate the modulating effect of melatonin on the transcription factor responsible for the regulation of the pro-inflammatory and antioxidant genes involved in burn injuries.
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Carpentieri A, Marchionatti A, Areco V, Perez A, Centeno V, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of melatonin restore intestinal calcium absorption altered by menadione. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 387:197-205. [PMID: 24234419 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal Ca²⁺ absorption is inhibited by menadione (MEN) through oxidative stress and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of melatonin (MEL) could protect the gut against the oxidant MEN. For this purpose, 4-week-old chicks were divided into four groups: (1) controls, (2) treated i.p. with MEN (2.5 μmol/kg of b.w.), (3) treated i.p. with MEL (10 mg/kg of b.w.), and (4) treated with 10 mg MEL/kg of b.w after 2.5 μmol MEN/kg of b.w. Oxidative stress was assessed by determination of glutathione (GSH) and protein carbonyl contents as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. Apoptosis was assayed by the TUNEL technique, protein expression, and activity of caspase 3. The data show that MEL restores the intestinal Ca²⁺ absorption altered by MEN. In addition, MEL reversed the effects caused by MEN such as decrease in GSH levels, increase in the carbonyl content, alteration in mitochondrial membrane permeability, and enhancement of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Apoptosis triggered by MEN in the intestinal cells was arrested by MEL, as indicated by normalization of the mitochondrial membrane permeability, caspase 3 activity, and DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, MEL reverses the inhibition of intestinal Ca²⁺ absorption produced by MEN counteracting oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings suggest that MEL could be a potential drug of choice for the reversal of impaired intestinal Ca²⁺ absorption in certain gut disorders that occur with oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Lin GJ, Huang SH, Chen SJ, Wang CH, Chang DM, Sytwu HK. Modulation by melatonin of the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11742-66. [PMID: 23727938 PMCID: PMC3709754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is the major secretory product of the pineal gland during the night and has multiple activities including the regulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It also possesses the ability to modulate immune responses by regulation of the T helper 1/2 balance and cytokine production. Autoimmune diseases, which result from the activation of immune cells by autoantigens released from normal tissues, affect around 5% of the population. Activation of autoantigen-specific immune cells leads to subsequent damage of target tissues by these activated cells. Melatonin therapy has been investigated in several animal models of autoimmune disease, where it has a beneficial effect in a number of models excepting rheumatoid arthritis, and has been evaluated in clinical autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. This review summarizes and highlights the role and the modulatory effects of melatonin in several inflammatory autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, No.325, Section 2, Chenggong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shyi-Jou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.-J.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, No.325, Section 2, Chenggong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.-J.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, No.325, Section 2, Chenggong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Institute of Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Deh-Ming Chang
- Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Tri-Service General Hospital, No.325, Section 2, Chenggong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Section 6, MinChuan East Road, Neihu, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-2-8792-3100 (ext. 18540); Fax: +886-2-8792-1774
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Diss LB, Robinson SD, Wu Y, Fidalgo S, Yeoman MS, Patel BA. Age-related changes in melatonin release in the murine distal colon. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:879-87. [PMID: 23631514 DOI: 10.1021/cn4000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation and fecal impaction are conditions of the bowel whose prevalence increases with age. Limited information is known about how these conditions manifest; however, functional deficits are likely to be due to changes in signaling within the bowel. This study investigated the effects of age on colonic mucosal melatonin (MEL) release and the consequences this had on colonic motility. Electrochemical measurements of MEL overflow demonstrated that both basal and mechanically stimulated MEL release decreased with age. The MEL/serotonin also decreased with increasing age, and the trend was similar to that of MEL overflow, suggestive that age-related changes were primarily due to a reduction in MEL levels. Levels of N-acetylserotonin and the N-acetylserotonin/serotonin ratio were reduced with age, providing an explanation for the reduction in MEL release. Decreases in colonic motility were observed in animals between 3 and 24 months old. Exogenous application of MEL could reverse this deficit in aged colon. In summary, we propose that the age-related decline in MEL release may be due to either decreases or alterations in mechanosensory channels and/or a loss in levels/activity of the N-acetyltransferase enzyme responsible for the synthesis of N-acetylserotonin. Decreases in MEL release may explain the decreases in colonic motility observed in 24 month old animals and could offer a new potential therapeutic treatment for age-related constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy B. Diss
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D. Robinson
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yukyee Wu
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Fidalgo
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S. Yeoman
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bhavik Anil Patel
- School of Pharmacy and
Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
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Pascua P, Camello-Almaraz C, Pozo MJ, Martin-Cano FE, Vara E, Fernández-Tresguerres JA, Camello PJ. Aging-induced alterations in female rat colon smooth muscle: the protective effects of hormonal therapy. J Physiol Biochem 2011; 68:255-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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