1
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Rodger C, Flex E, Allison RJ, Sanchis-Juan A, Hasenahuer MA, Cecchetti S, French CE, Edgar JR, Carpentieri G, Ciolfi A, Pantaleoni F, Bruselles A, Onesimo R, Zampino G, Marcon F, Siniscalchi E, Lees M, Krishnakumar D, McCann E, Yosifova D, Jarvis J, Kruer MC, Marks W, Campbell J, Allen LE, Gustincich S, Raymond FL, Tartaglia M, Reid E. De Novo VPS4A Mutations Cause Multisystem Disease with Abnormal Neurodevelopment. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:1129-1148. [PMID: 33186545 PMCID: PMC7820634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) are essential for multiple membrane modeling and membrane-independent cellular processes. Here we describe six unrelated individuals with de novo missense variants affecting the ATPase domain of VPS4A, a critical enzyme regulating ESCRT function. Probands had structural brain abnormalities, severe neurodevelopmental delay, cataracts, growth impairment, and anemia. In cultured cells, overexpression of VPS4A mutants caused enlarged endosomal vacuoles resembling those induced by expression of known dominant-negative ATPase-defective forms of VPS4A. Proband-derived fibroblasts had enlarged endosomal structures with abnormal accumulation of the ESCRT protein IST1 on the limiting membrane. VPS4A function was also required for normal endosomal morphology and IST1 localization in iPSC-derived human neurons. Mutations affected other ESCRT-dependent cellular processes, including regulation of centrosome number, primary cilium morphology, nuclear membrane morphology, chromosome segregation, mitotic spindle formation, and cell cycle progression. We thus characterize a distinct multisystem disorder caused by mutations affecting VPS4A and demonstrate that its normal function is required for multiple human developmental and cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rodger
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Elisabetta Flex
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Rachel J Allison
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alba Sanchis-Juan
- Department of Haematology, NHS Blood and Transplant Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marcia A Hasenahuer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Microscopy Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Courtney E French
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James R Edgar
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Giovanna Carpentieri
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy; Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Francesca Pantaleoni
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Roberta Onesimo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesca Marcon
- Unit of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Ester Siniscalchi
- Unit of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Melissa Lees
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Deepa Krishnakumar
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emma McCann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK
| | - Dragana Yosifova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Guys' and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Joanna Jarvis
- Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | | | - Warren Marks
- Cook Children's Medical Centre, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Jonathan Campbell
- Colchester Hospital, East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Essex CO4 5JL, UK
| | - Louise E Allen
- Ophthalmology Department, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy; Area of Neuroscience, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - F Lucy Raymond
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy.
| | - Evan Reid
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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2
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Neggers JE, Paolella BR, Asfaw A, Rothberg MV, Skipper TA, Yang A, Kalekar RL, Krill-Burger JM, Dharia NV, Kugener G, Kalfon J, Yuan C, Dumont N, Gonzalez A, Abdusamad M, Li YY, Spurr LF, Wu WW, Durbin AD, Wolpin BM, Piccioni F, Root DE, Boehm JS, Cherniack AD, Tsherniak A, Hong AL, Hahn WC, Stegmaier K, Golub TR, Vazquez F, Aguirre AJ. Synthetic Lethal Interaction between the ESCRT Paralog Enzymes VPS4A and VPS4B in Cancers Harboring Loss of Chromosome 18q or 16q. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108493. [PMID: 33326793 PMCID: PMC8374858 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Few therapies target the loss of tumor suppressor genes in cancer. We examine CRISPR-SpCas9 and RNA-interference loss-of-function screens to identify new therapeutic targets associated with genomic loss of tumor suppressor genes. The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) ATPases VPS4A and VPS4B score as strong synthetic lethal dependencies. VPS4A is essential in cancers harboring loss of VPS4B adjacent to SMAD4 on chromosome 18q and VPS4B is required in tumors with co-deletion of VPS4A and CDH1 (E-cadherin) on chromosome 16q. We demonstrate that more than 30% of cancers selectively require VPS4A or VPS4B. VPS4A suppression in VPS4B-deficient cells selectively leads to ESCRT-III filament accumulation, cytokinesis defects, nuclear deformation, G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and potent tumor regression. CRISPR-SpCas9 screening and integrative genomic analysis reveal other ESCRT members, regulators of abscission, and interferon signaling as modifiers of VPS4A dependency. We describe a compendium of synthetic lethal vulnerabilities and nominate VPS4A and VPS4B as high-priority therapeutic targets for cancers with 18q or 16q loss. Neggers, Paolella, and colleagues identify the ATPases VPS4A and VPS4B as selective vulnerabilities and potential therapeutic targets in cancers harboring loss of chromosome 18q or 16q. In VPS4B-deficient cancers, VPS4A suppression leads to ESCRT-III dysfunction, nuclear deformation, and abscission defects. Moreover, ESCRT proteins and interferons can modulate dependency on VPS4A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper E Neggers
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brenton R Paolella
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Adhana Asfaw
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael V Rothberg
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas A Skipper
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Radha L Kalekar
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John M Krill-Burger
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Guillaume Kugener
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jérémie Kalfon
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nancy Dumont
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alfredo Gonzalez
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mai Abdusamad
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yvonne Y Li
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Liam F Spurr
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Westley W Wu
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Adam D Durbin
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Federica Piccioni
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David E Root
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jesse S Boehm
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aviad Tsherniak
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrew L Hong
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Francisca Vazquez
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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3
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VPS4B mutation impairs the osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells derived from a patient with dentin dysplasia type I. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 32737282 PMCID: PMC7395790 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A splicing mutation in VPS4B can cause dentin dysplasia type I (DD-I), a hereditary autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by rootless teeth, the etiology of which is genetically heterogeneous. In our study, dental follicle cells (DFCs) were isolated and cultured from a patient with DD-I and compared with those from an age-matched, healthy control. In a previous study, this DD-I patient was confirmed to have a loss-of-function splicing mutation in VPS4B (IVS7 + 46C > G). The results from this study showed that the isolated DFCs were vimentin-positive and CK14-negative, indicating that the isolated cells were derived from the mesenchyme. DFCs harboring the VPS4B mutation had a significantly higher proliferation rate from day 3 to day 8 than control DFCs, indicating that VPS4B is involved in cell proliferation. The cells were then replenished with osteogenic medium to investigate how the VPS4B mutation affected osteogenic differentiation. Induction of osteogenesis, detected by alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining in vitro, was decreased in the DFCs from the DD-I patient compared to the control DFCs. Furthermore, we also found that the VPS4B mutation in the DD-I patient downregulated the expression of osteoblast-related genes, such as ALP, BSP, OCN, RUNX2, and their encoded proteins. These outcomes confirmed that the DD-I-associated VPS4B mutation could decrease the capacity of DFCs to differentiate during the mineralization process and may also impair physiological root formation and bone remodeling. This might provide valuable insights and implications for exploring the pathological mechanisms underlying DD-I root development.
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4
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Szymańska E, Nowak P, Kolmus K, Cybulska M, Goryca K, Derezińska-Wołek E, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Brewińska-Olchowik M, Grochowska A, Piwocka K, Prochorec-Sobieszek M, Mikula M, Miączyńska M. Synthetic lethality between VPS4A and VPS4B triggers an inflammatory response in colorectal cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e10812. [PMID: 31930723 PMCID: PMC7005644 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic copy number alterations play a critical role in oncogenesis. Loss of chromosomal regions containing tumor suppressors can lead to collateral deletion of passenger genes. This can be exploited therapeutically if synthetic lethal partners of such passenger genes are known and represent druggable targets. Here, we report that VPS4B gene, encoding an ATPase involved in ESCRT‐dependent membrane remodeling, is such a passenger gene frequently deleted in many cancer types, notably in colorectal cancer (CRC). We observed downregulation of VPS4B mRNA and protein levels from CRC patient samples. We identified VPS4A paralog as a synthetic lethal interactor for VPS4B in vitro and in mouse xenografts. Depleting both proteins profoundly altered the cellular transcriptome and induced cell death accompanied by the release of immunomodulatory molecules that mediate inflammatory and anti‐tumor responses. Our results identify a pair of novel druggable targets for personalized oncology and provide a rationale to develop VPS4 inhibitors for precision therapy of VPS4B‐deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Szymańska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Nowak
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kolmus
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cybulska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Derezińska-Wołek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Grochowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Prochorec-Sobieszek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Miączyńska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Pan Y, Lu T, Peng L, Chen Z, Li M, Zhang K, Xiong F, Wu B. Vacuolar protein sorting 4B regulates the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2575-2584. [PMID: 31218890 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1629950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed that a dominant mutation in vacuolar protein sorting 4B (VPS4B), a member of the AAA ATPase family, causes dentin dysplasia type I. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of VPS4B in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we found that VPS4B was highly expressed in the dental pulp cells of the mouse molar tooth germ, and the expression of VPS4B increased significantly during the odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. VPS4B downregulation inhibited the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. Moreover, treatment with lithium chloride, an agonist of the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway, partially reversed the VPS4B knockdown-driven suppression of proliferation and of odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. Collectively, our findings indicate that VPS4B, via Wnt-β-catenin signalling, acts as a regulator of the proliferation and differentiation of hDPSCs. Our results suggest potential therapeutic avenues for dentin formation and regenerative endodontics in patients with dentin dysplasia type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Pan
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ting Lu
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ling Peng
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhao Chen
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Meiyi Li
- b Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , China
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Fu Xiong
- b Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , China
| | - Buling Wu
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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6
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The role of VPS4 in ESCRT-III polymer remodeling. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:441-448. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) and VPS4 catalyze a variety of membrane-remodeling processes in eukaryotes and archaea. Common to these processes is the dynamic recruitment of ESCRT-III proteins from the cytosol to the inner face of a membrane neck structure, their activation and filament formation inside or at the membrane neck and the subsequent or concomitant recruitment of the AAA-type ATPase VPS4. The dynamic assembly of ESCRT-III filaments and VPS4 on cellular membranes induces constriction of membrane necks with large diameters such as the cytokinetic midbody and necks with small diameters such as those of intraluminal vesicles or enveloped viruses. The two processes seem to use different sets of ESCRT-III filaments. Constriction is then thought to set the stage for membrane fission. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the structural transitions of ESCRT-III proteins required for filament formation, the functional role of VPS4 in dynamic ESCRT-III assembly and its active role in filament constriction. The recent data will be discussed in the context of different mechanistic models for inside-out membrane fission.
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7
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Vps4b heterozygous mice do not develop tooth defects that replicate human dentin dysplasia I. BMC Genet 2019; 20:7. [PMID: 30634912 PMCID: PMC6330468 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B (VPS4B) is a member of the ATP enzyme AAA protein family, and is mainly involved in protein degradation and cell membrane fusion. Recently, a dominant mutation in this gene was identified in human dentin dysplasia type I (DD-I). Herein, we report the generation of Vps4b knockout (Vps4b KO) mice; however, the homozygous Vps4b KO mutation was embryonic lethal at the early stages of embryo development, and we therefore report the results of heterozygous mutant mice. RESULTS Mice heterozygous for Vps4b did not develop tooth defects replicating human DD-I. Immunohistochemistry showed that gene KO was successful, as there was decreased expression of Vps4b in heterozygous mice; hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining also showed that the width of the pre-dentin zone was increased in heterozygous mice, although the arrangement of the odontoblasts was not significantly different from wild-type (WT) mice. However, H&E staining showed no obvious abnormalities in the bones of heterozygous mice. Moreover, stereomicroscopic and X-ray radiography results indicated no abnormal manifestations in teeth or bones. Furthermore, statistical analysis of the volume and density of dentin and enamel, as well as skeletal analysis, including the volume and separation of trabecular bone analyzed by micro-CT, all showed no differences between Vps4b heterozygotes and WT mice. In addition, there also were no significant differences in bone or cartilage mineralization as evaluated by Alcian blue-Alizarin red staining. CONCLUSIONS The heterozygous Vps4b KO mice do not develop tooth defects that replicate human DD-I and this is likely to be due to differences in tooth development between the two species. Consequently, further studies are needed to determine whether mice are an appropriate animal model for human tooth diseases.
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9
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Han H, Monroe N, Sundquist WI, Shen PS, Hill CP. The AAA ATPase Vps4 binds ESCRT-III substrates through a repeating array of dipeptide-binding pockets. eLife 2017; 6:31324. [PMID: 29165244 PMCID: PMC5716660 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexameric AAA ATPase Vps4 drives membrane fission by remodeling and disassembling ESCRT-III filaments. Building upon our earlier 4.3 Å resolution cryo-EM structure (Monroe et al., 2017), we now report a 3.2 Å structure of Vps4 bound to an ESCRT-III peptide substrate. The new structure reveals that the peptide approximates a β-strand conformation whose helical symmetry matches that of the five Vps4 subunits it contacts directly. Adjacent Vps4 subunits make equivalent interactions with successive substrate dipeptides through two distinct classes of side chain binding pockets formed primarily by Vps4 pore loop 1. These pockets accommodate a wide range of residues, while main chain hydrogen bonds may help dictate substrate-binding orientation. The structure supports a ‘conveyor belt’ model of translocation in which ATP binding allows a Vps4 subunit to join the growing end of the helix and engage the substrate, while hydrolysis and release promotes helix disassembly and substrate release at the lagging end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Nicole Monroe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Wesley I Sundquist
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Peter S Shen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Christopher P Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
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10
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Cryo-EM structures of the ATP-bound Vps4 E233Q hexamer and its complex with Vta1 at near-atomic resolution. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16064. [PMID: 28714467 PMCID: PMC5520056 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III) and Vps4 (vacuolar protein sorting 4) comprise a common machinery that mediates a variety of membrane remodelling events. Vps4 is essential for the machinery function by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis to disassemble the ESCRT-III polymer into individual proteins. Here, we report the structures of the ATP-bound Vps4E233Q hexamer and its complex with the cofactor Vta1 (vps twenty associated 1) at resolutions of 3.9 and 4.2 Å, respectively, determined by electron cryo-microscopy. Six Vps4E233Q subunits in both assemblies exhibit a spiral-shaped ring-like arrangement. Locating at the periphery of the hexameric ring, Vta1 dimer bridges two adjacent Vps4 subunits by two different interaction modes to promote the formation of the active Vps4 hexamer during ESCRT-III filament disassembly. The structural findings, together with the structure-guided biochemical and single-molecule analyses, provide important insights into the process of the ESCRT-III polymer disassembly by Vps4. The ESCRT-III and Vps4 complexes mediate a variety of membrane remodelling events. Here the authors describe the structure of the Vps4 hexamer complexed to its cofactor Vta1, and show that Vta1 bridges adjacent Vps4 subunits to promote formation of the active hexamer during ESCRT-III filament disassembly.
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11
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Ye Q, Kim DH, Dereli I, Rosenberg SC, Hagemann G, Herzog F, Tóth A, Cleveland DW, Corbett KD. The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 remodels HORMA domains through N-terminal engagement and unfolding. EMBO J 2017; 36:2419-2434. [PMID: 28659378 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the conserved HORMA domain family, including the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 and the meiotic HORMADs, assemble into signaling complexes by binding short peptides termed "closure motifs". The AAA+ ATPase TRIP13 regulates both MAD2 and meiotic HORMADs by disassembling these HORMA domain-closure motif complexes, but its mechanisms of substrate recognition and remodeling are unknown. Here, we combine X-ray crystallography and crosslinking mass spectrometry to outline how TRIP13 recognizes MAD2 with the help of the adapter protein p31comet We show that p31comet binding to the TRIP13 N-terminal domain positions the disordered MAD2 N-terminus for engagement by the TRIP13 "pore loops", which then unfold MAD2 in the presence of ATP N-terminal truncation of MAD2 renders it refractory to TRIP13 action in vitro, and in cells causes spindle assembly checkpoint defects consistent with loss of TRIP13 function. Similar truncation of HORMAD1 in mouse spermatocytes compromises its TRIP13-mediated removal from meiotic chromosomes, highlighting a conserved mechanism for recognition and disassembly of HORMA domain-closure motif complexes by TRIP13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhen Ye
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ihsan Dereli
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Scott C Rosenberg
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Goetz Hagemann
- Gene Center Munich and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Herzog
- Gene Center Munich and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin D Corbett
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA .,Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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12
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Su M, Guo EZ, Ding X, Li Y, Tarrasch JT, Brooks CL, Xu Z, Skiniotis G. Mechanism of Vps4 hexamer function revealed by cryo-EM. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700325. [PMID: 28439563 PMCID: PMC5392032 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Vps4 is a member of AAA+ ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase associated with diverse cellular activities) that operates as an oligomer to disassemble ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport III) filaments, thereby catalyzing the final step in multiple ESCRT-dependent membrane remodeling events. We used electron cryo-microscopy to visualize oligomers of a hydrolysis-deficient Vps4 (vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4) mutant in the presence of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). We show that Vps4 subunits assemble into an asymmetric hexameric ring following an approximate helical path that sequentially stacks substrate-binding loops along the central pore. The hexamer is observed to adopt an open or closed ring configuration facilitated by major conformational changes in a single subunit. The structural transition of the mobile Vps4 subunit results in the repositioning of its substrate-binding loop from the top to the bottom of the central pore, with an associated translation of 33 Å. These structures, along with mutant-doping experiments and functional assays, provide evidence for a sequential and processive ATP hydrolysis mechanism by which Vps4 hexamers disassemble ESCRT-III filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily Z. Guo
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xinqiang Ding
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Charles L. Brooks
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author. (G.S.); (Z.X.)
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author. (G.S.); (Z.X.)
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13
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Alonso Y Adell M, Migliano SM, Teis D. ESCRT-III and Vps4: a dynamic multipurpose tool for membrane budding and scission. FEBS J 2016; 283:3288-302. [PMID: 26910595 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Complex molecular machineries bud, scission and repair cellular membranes. Components of the multi-subunit endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery are enlisted when multivesicular bodies are generated, extracellular vesicles are formed, the plasma membrane needs to be repaired, enveloped viruses bud out of host cells, defective nuclear pores have to be cleared, the nuclear envelope must be resealed after mitosis and for final midbody abscission during cytokinesis. While some ESCRT components are only required for specific processes, the assembly of ESCRT-III polymers on target membranes and the action of the AAA-ATPase Vps4 are mandatory for every process. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of structural and functional features of ESCRT-III/Vps4 assemblies in the growing pantheon of ESCRT-dependent pathways. We describe specific recruitment processes for ESCRT-III to different membranes, which could be useful to selectively inhibit ESCRT function during specific processes, while not affecting other ESCRT-dependent processes. Finally, we speculate how ESCRT-III and Vps4 might function together and highlight how the characterization of their precise spatiotemporal organization will improve our understanding of ESCRT-mediated membrane budding and scission in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona M Migliano
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Teis
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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14
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Caillat C, Macheboeuf P, Wu Y, McCarthy AA, Boeri-Erba E, Effantin G, Göttlinger HG, Weissenhorn W, Renesto P. Asymmetric ring structure of Vps4 required for ESCRT-III disassembly. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8781. [PMID: 26632262 PMCID: PMC4686814 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar protein sorting 4 AAA-ATPase (Vps4) recycles endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT-III) polymers from cellular membranes. Here we present a 3.6-Å X-ray structure of ring-shaped Vps4 from Metallosphera sedula (MsVps4), seen as an asymmetric pseudohexamer. Conserved key interface residues are shown to be important for MsVps4 assembly, ATPase activity in vitro, ESCRT-III disassembly in vitro and HIV-1 budding. ADP binding leads to conformational changes within the protomer, which might propagate within the ring structure. All ATP-binding sites are accessible and the pseudohexamer binds six ATP with micromolar affinity in vitro. In contrast, ADP occupies one high-affinity and five low-affinity binding sites in vitro, consistent with conformational asymmetry induced on ATP hydrolysis. The structure represents a snapshot of an assembled Vps4 conformation and provides insight into the molecular motions the ring structure undergoes in a concerted action to couple ATP hydrolysis to ESCRT-III substrate disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Caillat
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Pauline Macheboeuf
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Yuanfei Wu
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Andrew A. McCarthy
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri-Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University of Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CEA, IBS, 71 avenue des Martyrs F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory Effantin
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Heinrich G. Göttlinger
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Winfried Weissenhorn
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia Renesto
- Unit of Virus-Host Cell interactions (UVHCI), University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, UVHCI, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
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15
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Han H, Monroe N, Votteler J, Shakya B, Sundquist WI, Hill CP. Binding of Substrates to the Central Pore of the Vps4 ATPase Is Autoinhibited by the Microtubule Interacting and Trafficking (MIT) Domain and Activated by MIT Interacting Motifs (MIMs). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:13490-9. [PMID: 25833946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.642355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) pathway drives reverse topology membrane fission events within multiple cellular pathways, including cytokinesis, multivesicular body biogenesis, repair of the plasma membrane, nuclear membrane vesicle formation, and HIV budding. The AAA ATPase Vps4 is recruited to membrane necks shortly before fission, where it catalyzes disassembly of the ESCRT-III lattice. The N-terminal Vps4 microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains initially bind the C-terminal MIT-interacting motifs (MIMs) of ESCRT-III subunits, but it is unclear how the enzyme then remodels these substrates in response to ATP hydrolysis. Here, we report quantitative binding studies that demonstrate that residues from helix 5 of the Vps2p subunit of ESCRT-III bind to the central pore of an asymmetric Vps4p hexamer in a manner that is dependent upon the presence of flexible nucleotide analogs that can mimic multiple states in the ATP hydrolysis cycle. We also find that substrate engagement is autoinhibited by the Vps4p MIT domain and that this inhibition is relieved by binding of either Type 1 or Type 2 MIM elements, which bind the Vps4p MIT domain through different interfaces. These observations support the model that Vps4 substrates are initially recruited by an MIM-MIT interaction that activates the Vps4 central pore to engage substrates and generate force, thereby triggering ESCRT-III disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Nicole Monroe
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Jörg Votteler
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Binita Shakya
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Wesley I Sundquist
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | - Christopher P Hill
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
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16
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The oligomeric state of the active Vps4 AAA ATPase. J Mol Biol 2014; 426:510-25. [PMID: 24161953 PMCID: PMC3919030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The cellular ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) pathway drives membrane constriction toward the cytosol and effects membrane fission during cytokinesis, endosomal sorting, and the release of many enveloped viruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus. A component of this pathway, the AAA ATPase Vps4, provides energy for pathway progression. Although it is established that Vps4 functions as an oligomer, subunit stoichiometry and other fundamental features of the functional enzyme are unclear. Here, we report that although some mutant Vps4 proteins form dodecameric assemblies, active wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Sulfolobus solfataricus Vps4 enzymes can form hexamers in the presence of ATP and ADP, as assayed by size-exclusion chromatography and equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation. The Vta1p activator binds hexameric yeast Vps4p without changing the oligomeric state of Vps4p, implying that the active Vta1p-Vps4p complex also contains a single hexameric ring. Additionally, we report crystal structures of two different archaeal Vps4 homologs, whose structures and lattice interactions suggest a conserved mode of oligomerization. Disruption of the proposed hexamerization interface by mutagenesis abolished the ATPase activity of archaeal Vps4 proteins and blocked Vps4p function in S. cerevisiae. These data challenge the prevailing model that active Vps4 is a double-ring dodecamer, and argue that, like other type I AAA ATPases, Vps4 functions as a single ring with six subunits.
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17
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Jou Y, Chiang CP, Yen HE. Changes in cellular distribution regulate SKD1 ATPase activity in response to a sudden increase in environmental salinity in halophyte ice plant. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2013; 8:e27433. [PMID: 24390077 PMCID: PMC4091238 DOI: 10.4161/psb.27433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. (ice plant) rapidly responds to sudden increases in salinity in its environment by activating specific salt-tolerant mechanisms. One major strategy is to regulate a series of ion transporters and proton pumps to maintain cellular Na(+)/K(+) homeostasis. Plant SKD1 (suppressor of K(+) transport growth defect 1) proteins accumulate in cells actively engaged in the secretory processes, and play a critical role in intracellular protein trafficking. Ice plant SKD1 redistributes from the cytosol to the plasma membrane hours after salt stressed. In combination with present knowledge of this protein, we suggest that stress facilitates SKD1 movement to the plasma membrane where ADP/ATP exchange occurs, and functions in the regulation of membrane components such as ion transporters to avoid ion toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtzy Jou
- Department of Biotechnology; National Pingtung University of Science and Technology; Neipu, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hungchen Emilie Yen
- Department of Life Sciences; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung, Taiwan
- Correspondence to: Hungchen Emilie Yen,
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18
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Jouvenet N. Dynamics of ESCRT proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:4121-33. [PMID: 22669260 PMCID: PMC11114710 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Proteins of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) complex function in membrane fission processes, such as multivesicular body (MVBs) formation, the terminal stages of cytokinesis, and separation of enveloped viruses from the plasma membrane. In mammalian cells, the machinery consists of a network of more than 20 proteins, organized into three complexes (ESCRT-I, -II, and -III), and other associated proteins such as the ATPase vacuolar protein sorting 4 (Vps4). Early biochemical studies of MVBs biogenesis in yeast support a model of sequential recruitment of ESCRT complexes on membranes. Live-cell imaging of ESCRT protein dynamics during viral budding and cytokinesis now reveal that this long-standing model of sequential assembly and disassembly holds true in mammalian cells.
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19
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Iwaya N, Akiyama K, Goda N, Tenno T, Fujiwara Y, Hamada D, Ikura T, Shirakawa M, Hiroaki H. Effect of Ca2+ on the microtubule-severing enzyme p60-katanin. Insight into the substrate-dependent activation mechanism. FEBS J 2012; 279:1339-52. [PMID: 22325007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Katanin p60 (p60-katanin) is a microtubule (MT)-severing enzyme and its activity is regulated by the p80 subunit (adaptor-p80). p60-katanin consists of an N-terminal domain, followed by a single ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA) domain. We have previously shown that the N-terminal domain serves as the binding site for MT, the substrate of p60-katanin. In this study, we show that the same domain shares another interface with the C-terminal domain of adaptor-p80. We further show that Ca(2+) ions inhibit the MT-severing activity of p60-katanin, whereas the MT-binding activity is preserved in the presence of Ca(2+). In detail, the basal ATPase activity of p60-katanin is stimulated twofold by both MTs and the C-terminal domain of adaptor-p80, whereas Ca(2+) reduces elevated ATPase activity to the basal level. We identify the Ca(2+) -binding site at the end of helix 2 of the N-terminal domain, which is different from the MT-binding interface. On the basis of these observations, we propose a speculative model in which spatial rearrangement of the N-terminal domain relative to the C-terminal AAA domain may be important for productive ATP hydrolysis towards MT-severing. Our model can explain how Ca(2+) regulates both severing and ATP hydrolysis activity, because the Ca(2+) -binding site on the N-terminal domain moves close to the AAA domain during MT severing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Iwaya
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Hill CP, Babst M. Structure and function of the membrane deformation AAA ATPase Vps4. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1823:172-81. [PMID: 21925211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ATPase Vps4 belongs to the type-I AAA family of proteins. Vps4 functions together with a group of proteins referred to as ESCRTs in membrane deformation and fission events. These cellular functions include vesicle formation at the endosome, cytokinesis and viral budding. The highly dynamic quaternary structure of Vps4 and its interactions with a network of regulators and co-factors has made the analysis of this ATPase challenging. Nevertheless, recent advances in the understanding of the cell biology of Vps4 together with structural information and in vitro studies are guiding mechanistic models of this ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5650, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Multivesicular body (MVB) formation is the result of invagination and budding of the endosomal limiting membrane into its intralumenal space. These intralumenal vesicles (ILVs) contain a subset of endosomal transmembrane cargoes destined for degradation within the lysosome, the result of active selection during MVB sorting. Membrane bending and scission during ILV formation is topologically similar to cytokinesis in that both events require the abscission of a membrane neck that is oriented away from the cytoplasm. The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) represent cellular machinery whose function makes essential contributions to both of these processes. In particular, the AAA-ATPase Vps4 and its substrate ESCRT-III are key components that seem to execute the membrane abscission reaction. This review summarizes current knowledge about the Vps4-ESCRT-III system and discusses a model for how the recruitment of Vps4 to the different sites of function might be regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Babst
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-9202, USA.
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22
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Requirements for the catalytic cycle of the N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor (NSF). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1823:159-71. [PMID: 21689688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor (NSF) was one of the initial members of the ATPases Associated with various cellular Activities Plus (AAA(+)) family. In this review, we discuss what is known about the mechanism of NSF action and how that relates to the mechanisms of other AAA(+) proteins. Like other family members, NSF binds to a protein complex (i.e., SNAP-SNARE complex) and utilizes ATP hydrolysis to affect the conformations of that complex. SNAP-SNARE complex disassembly is essential for SNARE recycling and sustained membrane trafficking. NSF is a homo-hexamer; each protomer is composed of an N-terminal domain, NSF-N, and two adjacent AAA-domains, NSF-D1 and NSF-D2. Mutagenesis analysis has established specific roles for many of the structural elements of NSF-D1, the catalytic ATPase domain, and NSF-N, the SNAP-SNARE binding domain. Hydrodynamic analysis of NSF, labeled with (Ni(2+)-NTA)(2)-Cy3, detected conformational differences in NSF, in which the ATP-bound conformation appears more compact than the ADP-bound form. This indicates that NSF undergoes significant conformational changes as it progresses through its ATP-hydrolysis cycle. Incorporating these data, we propose a sequential mechanism by which NSF uses NSF-N and NSF-D1 to disassemble SNAP-SNARE complexes. We also illustrate how analytical centrifugation might be used to study other AAA(+) proteins.
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23
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Merrill SA, Hanson PI. Activation of human VPS4A by ESCRT-III proteins reveals ability of substrates to relieve enzyme autoinhibition. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:35428-38. [PMID: 20805225 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.126318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
VPS4 proteins are AAA(+) ATPases required to form multivesicular bodies, release viral particles, and complete cytokinesis. They act by disassembling ESCRT-III heteropolymers during or after their proposed function in membrane scission. Here we show that purified human VPS4A is essentially inactive but can be stimulated to hydrolyze ATP by ESCRT-III proteins in a reaction that requires both their previously defined MIT interacting motifs and ∼50 amino acids of the adjacent sequence. Importantly, C-terminal fragments of all ESCRT-III proteins tested, including CHMP2A, CHMP1B, CHMP3, CHMP4A, CHMP6, and CHMP5, activated VPS4A suggesting that it disassembles ESCRT-III heteropolymers by affecting each component protein. VPS4A is thought to act as a ring-shaped cylindrical oligomer like other AAA(+) ATPases, but this has been difficult to directly demonstrate. We found that concentrating His(6)-VPS4A on liposomes containing Ni(2+)-nitrilotriacetic acid-tagged lipid increased ATP hydrolysis, confirming the importance of inter-subunit interactions for activity. We also found that mutating pore loops expected to line the center of a cylindrical oligomer changed the response of VPS4A to ESCRT-III proteins. Based on these data, we propose that ESCRT-III proteins facilitate assembly of functional but transient VPS4A oligomers and interact with sequences inside the pore of the assembled enzyme. Deleting the N-terminal MIT domain and adjacent linker from VPS4A increased both basal and liposome-enhanced ATPase activity, indicating that these elements play a role in autoinhibiting VPS4A until it encounters ESCRT-III proteins. These findings reveal new ways in which VPS4 activity is regulated and specifically directed to ESCRT-III polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Merrill
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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24
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Yang D, Hurley JH. Structural role of the Vps4-Vta1 interface in ESCRT-III recycling. Structure 2010; 18:976-84. [PMID: 20696398 PMCID: PMC3124813 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ESCRT complexes are required for multivesicular body biogenesis, macroautophagy, cytokinesis, and the budding of HIV-1. The final step in the ESCRT cycle is the disassembly of the ESCRT-III lattice by the AAA+ ATPase Vps4. Vps4 assembles on its membrane-bound ESCRT-III substrate with its cofactor, Vta1. The crystal structure of the dimeric VSL domain of yeast Vta1 with the small ATPase and the betadomains of Vps4 was determined. Residues involved in structural interactions are conserved and are required for binding in vitro and for Cps1 sorting in vivo. Modeling of the Vta1 complex in complex with the lower hexameric ring of Vps4 indicates that the two-fold axis of the Vta1 VSL domain is parallel to within approximately 20 degrees of the six-fold axis of the hexamer. This suggests that Vta1 might not crosslink the two hexameric rings of Vps4, but rather stabilizes an array of Vps4-Vta1 complexes for ESCRT-III disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
The ESCRT machinery consists of the peripheral membrane protein complexes ESCRT-0, -I, -II, -III, and Vps4-Vta1, and the ALIX homodimer. The ESCRT system is required for degradation of unneeded or dangerous plasma membrane proteins; biogenesis of the lysosome and the yeast vacuole; the budding of most membrane enveloped viruses; the membrane abscission step in cytokinesis; macroautophagy; and several other processes. From their initial discovery in 2001-2002, the literature on ESCRTs has grown exponentially. This review will describe the structure and function of the six complexes noted above and summarize current knowledge of their mechanistic roles in cellular pathways and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Hurley
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Membrane budding and scission by the ESCRT machinery: it's all in the neck. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010; 11:556-66. [PMID: 20588296 DOI: 10.1038/nrm2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) catalyse one of the most unusual membrane remodelling events in cell biology. ESCRT-I and ESCRT-II direct membrane budding away from the cytosol by stabilizing bud necks without coating the buds and without being consumed in the buds. ESCRT-III cleaves the bud necks from their cytosolic faces. ESCRT-III-mediated membrane neck cleavage is crucial for many processes, including the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies, viral budding, cytokinesis and, probably, autophagy. Recent studies of ultrastructures induced by ESCRT-III overexpression in cells and the in vitro reconstitution of the budding and scission reactions have led to breakthroughs in understanding these remarkable membrane reactions.
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Zhao C, Matveeva EA, Ren Q, Whiteheart SW. Dissecting the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor: required elements of the N and D1 domains. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:761-72. [PMID: 19887446 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.056739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) is a homo-hexameric member of the AAA(+) (ATPases associated with various cellular activities plus) family. It plays an essential role in most intracellular membrane trafficking through its binding to and disassembly of soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) receptor (SNARE) complexes. Each NSF protomer contains an N-terminal domain (NSF-N) and two AAA domains, a catalytic NSF-D1 and a structural NSF-D2. This study presents detailed mutagenesis analyses of NSF-N and NSF-D1, dissecting their roles in ATP hydrolysis, SNAP.SNARE binding, and complex disassembly. Our results show that a positively charged surface on NSF-N, bounded by Arg(67) and Lys(105), and the conserved residues in the central pore of NSF-D1 (Tyr(296) and Gly(298)) are involved in SNAP.SNARE binding but not basal ATP hydrolysis. Mutagenesis of Sensor 1 (Thr(373)-Arg(375)), Sensor 2 (Glu(440)-Glu(442)), and Arginine Fingers (Arg(385) and Arg(388)) in NSF-D1 shows that each region plays a discrete role. Sensor 1 is important for basal ATPase activity and nucleotide binding. Sensor 2 plays a role in ATP- and SNAP-dependent SNARE complex binding and disassembly but does so in cis and not through inter-protomer interactions. Arginine Fingers are important for SNAP.SNARE complex-stimulated ATPase activity and complex disassembly. Mutants at these residues have a dominant-negative phenotype in cells, suggesting that Arginine Fingers function in trans via inter-protomer interactions. Taken together, these data establish functional roles for many of the structural elements of the N domain and of the D1 ATP-binding site of NSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509, USA
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Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S. Ubiquitin in trafficking: The network at work. Exp Cell Res 2009; 315:1610-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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