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Yang Y, Gu X, Weng W, Cheng J, Huang O, Pan SJ, Li Y. SUMOylation-induced membrane localization of TRPV1 suppresses proliferation and migration in gastric cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:465. [PMID: 39350261 PMCID: PMC11441086 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant health challenge due to its high mortality rate and the limited efficacy of current targeted therapies. A critical barrier in developing more effective treatments is the lack of understanding of specific mechanisms driving GC progression. This study investigates the role of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective cation channel known for its high Ca2+ permeability and tumor-suppressive properties in gastrointestinal cancers. Specifically, we explore the impact of SUMOylation-a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification-on TRPV1's function in GC. We demonstrate that SUMOylation of TRPV1 inhibits cell proliferation and migration in MGC-803 and AGS GC cells. By mutating amino acids near TRPV1's existing SUMO motif (slKpE), we created a bidirectional SUMO motif (EψKψE) that enhances TRPV1 SUMOylation, resulting in further suppression of GC cell proliferation and migration. In vivo studies support these findings, showing that TRPV1 SUMOylation prevents spontaneous tumorigenesis in a mouse GC model. Further investigation reveals that TRPV1 SUMOylation increases the protein's membrane expression by inhibiting its interaction with the adaptor-related protein complex 2 mu 1 subunit (AP2M1). This elevated membrane expression leads to increased intracellular Ca2+ influx, activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which in turn inhibits the proliferation and migration of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaokun Gu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiji Weng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200020, China.
| | - Si-Jian Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200020, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Ge J, Ge J, Tang G, Xiong D, Zhu D, Ding X, Zhou X, Sang M. Machine learning-based identification of biomarkers and drugs in immunologically cold and hot pancreatic adenocarcinomas. J Transl Med 2024; 22:775. [PMID: 39152432 PMCID: PMC11328457 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PAADs) often exhibit a "cold" or immunosuppressive tumor milieu, which is associated with resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy; however, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms occurring in the tumor microenvironment and to identify biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and potential drugs to improve PAAD treatment. METHODS Patients were categorized according to immunologically hot or cold PAAD subtypes with distinct disease outcomes. Cox regression and weighted correlation network analysis were performed to construct a novel gene signature, referred to as 'Downregulated in hot tumors, Prognostic, and Immune-Related Genes' (DPIRGs), which was used to develop prognostic models for PAAD via machine learning (ML). The role of DPIRGs in PAAD was comprehensively analyzed, and biomarker genes able to distinguish PAAD immune subtypes and predict prognosis were identified by ML. The expression of biomarkers was verified using public single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic resources. Drug candidates for turning cold tumors hot and corresponding target proteins were identified via molecular docking studies. RESULTS Using the DPIRG signature as input data, a combination of survival random forest and partial least squares regression Cox was selected from 137 ML combinations to construct an optimized PAAD prognostic model. The effects and molecular mechanisms of DPIRGs were investigated by analysis of genetic/epigenetic alterations, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, and miRNA regulation. Biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, including PLEC, TRPV1, and ITGB4, among others, were identified, and the cell type-specific expression of the biomarkers was validated. Drug candidates, including thalidomide, SB-431542, and bleomycin A2, were identified based on their ability to modulate DPIRG expression favorably. CONCLUSIONS By combining multiple ML algorithms, we developed a novel prognostic model with excellent performance in PAAD cohorts. ML also proved to be powerful for identifying biomarkers and potential targets for improved PAAD patient stratification and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ge
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Juan Ge
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Gu Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Dejun Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Dongyan Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xiaoling Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Mengmeng Sang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Hu Z, Qin Z, Xie J, Qu Y, Yin L. Cannabidiol and its application in the treatment of oral diseases: therapeutic potentials, routes of administration and prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116271. [PMID: 38788594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the most important active ingredients in cannabis, has been reported to have some pharmacological effects such as antibacterial and analgesic effects, and to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of oral diseases such as oral cancer, gingivitis and periodontal diseases. However, there is a lack of relevant systematic research and reviews. Therefore, based on the etiology and clinical symptoms of several common oral diseases, this paper focuses on the therapeutic potential of CBD in periodontal diseases, pulp diseases, oral mucosal diseases, oral cancer and temporomandibular joint diseases. The pharmacological effects of CBD and the distribution and function of its receptors in the oral cavity are also summarized. In order to provide reference for future research and further clinical application of CBD, we also summarize several possible routes of administration and corresponding characteristics. Finally, the challenges faced while applying CBD clinically and possible solutions are discussed, and we also look to the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Hu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zishun Qin
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinhong Xie
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yue Qu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lihua Yin
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang J, Yi H, Wang S, Liu D, Dai Y, Song K, Pei W, Hong Z, Chen L, Zhang W, Liu Z, Mcleod HL, He Y. TRPV1 inhibition suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by inhibiting tumour growth and enhancing the immune response. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:779-791. [PMID: 37902941 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TRPV1 is a nonselective Ca2+ channel protein that is widely expressed and plays an important role during the occurrence and development of many cancers. Activation of TRPV1 channels can affect tumour progression by regulating proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Some studies have also shown that activating TRPV1 can affect tumour progression by modulating tumour immunity. However, the effects of TRPV1 on the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been explored clearly. METHOD The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and spatial transcriptomics datasets from 10 × Genomics were used to analyze TRPV1 expression in various tumour tissues. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), colony formation, and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPV1 and other related molecules. Tumour xenografts in BALB/C and C57BL/6J mice were used to determine the effects of TRPV1 on NSCLC development in vivo. Neurotransmitter content was examined by LC-MS/MS, ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Immune cell infiltration was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS In this study, we found that TRPV1 expression was significantly upregulated in NSCLC and that patients with high TRPV1 expression had a poor prognosis. TRPV1 knockdown can significantly inhibit NSCLC proliferation and induce cell apoptosis through Ca2+-IGF1R signaling. In addition, TRPV1 knockdown resulted in increased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, GZMB+CD8+ T cells and DCs and decreased infiltration of immunosuppressive MDSCs in NSCLC. In addition, TRPV1 knockout effectively decreased the expression of M2 macrophage markers CD163 and increased the expression of M1-associated, costimulatory markers CD86. Knockdown or knockout of TRPV1 significantly inhibit tumour growth and promoted an antitumour immune response through supressing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) secretion in NSCLC. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that TRPV1 acts as a tumour promoter in NSCLC, mediating pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on NSCLC through IGF1R signaling and regulating GABA release to affect the tumour immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hanying Yi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 3 Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Wenwu Pei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 3 Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyang Hong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 3 Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 3 Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Howard L Mcleod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- Center for Precision Medicine, Utah Tech University, St George, UT, USA
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang Ya Road 110, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China.
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Hudhud L, Rozmer K, Kecskés A, Pohóczky K, Bencze N, Buzás K, Szőke É, Helyes Z. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Ion Channel Is Expressed in Osteosarcoma and Its Activation Reduces Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3760. [PMID: 38612571 PMCID: PMC11011947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant, painful cancer with poor treatment opportunities and a bad prognosis. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors are non-selective cation channels that have been of great interest in cancer, as their expression is increased in some malignancies. In our study we aim to characterize the expression and functionality of the TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels in human and mouse osteosarcoma tissues and in a mouse cell line. TRPA1/Trpa1 and TRPV1/Trpv1 mRNA expressions were demonstrated by PCR gel electrophoresis and RNAscope in situ hybridization. The function of these channels was confirmed by their radioactive 45Ca2+ uptake in response to the TRPA1 agonist, Allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC), and TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, in K7M2 cells. An ATP-based K2M7 cell viability luminescence assay was used to determine cell viability after AITC or capsaicin treatments. Both TRPA1/Trpa1 and TRPV1/Trpv1 were expressed similarly in human and mouse osteosarcoma tissues, while Trpa1 transcripts were more abundantly present in K7M2 cells. TRPA1 activation with 200 µM AITC induced a significant 45Ca2+ influx into K7M2 cells, and the antagonist attenuated this effect. In accordance with the lower Trpv1 expression, capsaicin induced a moderate 45Ca2+ uptake, which did not reach the level of statistical significance. Both AITC and capsaicin significantly reduced K7M2 cell viability, demonstrating EC50 values of 22 µM and 74 µM. The viability-decreasing effect of AITC was significantly but only partially antagonized by HC-030031, but the action of capsaicin was not affected by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. We provide here the first data on the functional expression of the TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels in osteosarcoma, suggesting novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hudhud
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katalin Rozmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Angéla Kecskés
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pohóczky
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Noémi Bencze
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Buzás
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary (K.R.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (N.B.); (É.S.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., 7629 Pécs, Hungary
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Nolden AA, Lenart G, Spielman AI, Hayes JE. Inducible desensitization to capsaicin with repeated low-dose exposure in human volunteers. Physiol Behav 2024; 275:114447. [PMID: 38135109 PMCID: PMC10842799 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Responses to capsaicin are reduced following repeated exposure, a phenomenon known as capsaicin desensitization. Heavy consumers of chilies consistently report reduced oral burn relative to infrequent consumers, presumably due to chronic desensitization. However, the mechanism(s) underlying capsaicin desensitization remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that reduced response to capsaicin due to repeated oral exposure may result from a change in the expression of the capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) gene. To test this, we conducted two longitudinal desensitization studies in healthy human volunteers. In Study 1, 51 adults completed a 17-day capsaicin desensitization protocol. The study consisted of three in-person visits where they were asked to sample stimuli, including 3, 6, and 9 ppm capsaicin, and rate intensity on a general labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). Between days 3 & 17, participants rinsed at home with 6 ppm capsaicin (n = 31) or a control (n = 20) solution (20 uM sucrose octaccetate; SOA) twice a day. Before and after the oral exposure protocol, a clinician collected fungiform papillae. Participants randomized to the capsaicin rinse showed a statistically significant reduction in oral burn ratings that was not observed in controls, indicating repeated low-dose exposure can systematically induce desensitization. TRPV1 expression was not associated with reported capsaicin burn, and there was no evidence of a decrease in TRPV1 expression following capsaicin exposure. In Study 2, participants (n = 45) rinsed with 6 ppm capsaicin in a similar protocol, rating capsaicin, vanillyl butyl ether (VBE), cinnamaldehyde, ethanol, menthol, and sucrose on days 1, 3, & 17. Burn from capsaicin, VBE, cinnamaldehyde, and ethanol all showed a statistically significant change - capsaicin, VBE and cinnamaldehyde burn all dropped ∼20 %, and a larger reduction was seen for ethanol - while menthol cooling and sucrose sweetness did not change. Collectively, this suggests reductions in oral burn following chronic capsaicin exposure generalizes to other stimuli (i.e., cross desensitization) and this cannot be explained by a change in TRPV1 mRNA expression. More work is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism for capsaicin desensitization in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa A Nolden
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA,; Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lenart
- Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew I Spielman
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John E Hayes
- Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Marini M, Titiz M, Souza Monteiro de Araújo D, Geppetti P, Nassini R, De Logu F. TRP Channels in Cancer: Signaling Mechanisms and Translational Approaches. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1557. [PMID: 37892239 PMCID: PMC10605459 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play a crucial role in a wide range of biological processes, including cell cycle regulation and cancer progression. In particular, the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels has emerged as a promising therapeutic target due to its involvement in several stages of cancer development and dissemination. TRP channels are expressed in a large variety of cells and tissues, and by increasing cation intracellular concentration, they monitor mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli under physiological and pathological conditions. Some members of the TRP superfamily, namely vanilloid (TRPV), canonical (TRPC), melastatin (TRPM), and ankyrin (TRPA), have been investigated in different types of cancer, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer. TRP channels are involved in processes such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance, all related to cancer progression. Some TRP channels have been mechanistically associated with the signaling of cancer pain. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which TRP channels influence cancer provides new opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. Selective inhibitors of TRP channels are under initial scrutiny in experimental animals as potential anti-cancer agents. In-depth knowledge of these channels and their regulatory mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, providing new perspectives for the development of effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (M.T.); (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
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Tsuchiya H. COVID-19 Oral Sequelae: Persistent Gustatory and Saliva Secretory Dysfunctions after Recovery from COVID-19. Med Princ Pract 2023; 32:166-177. [PMID: 37271130 PMCID: PMC10601698 DOI: 10.1159/000531373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse manifestations have been recognized to last for a long time in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, understanding of oral sequelae after recovery from COVID-19 is relatively poor compared to that of oral symptoms in the acute phase of COVID-19 and other COVID-19 sequelae. The aim of the present study was to characterize persistent gustatory and saliva secretory dysfunctions and to speculate on their pathogenic mechanisms. Articles were retrieved by searching scientific databases with a cutoff date of September 30, 2022. The literature search indicated that ageusia/dysgeusia and xerostomia/dry mouth are reported by 1-45% of COVID-19 survivors at follow-ups of 21-365 days and by 2-40% of COVID-19 survivors at follow-ups of 28-230 days, respectively. The prevalence of gustatory sequelae partly depends on difference in ethnicity, gender, age, and disease severity of subjects. Co-occurring gustatory and saliva secretory sequelae are pathogenically related to either or both of the following: expression of SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry-relevant receptors in taste buds and salivary glands, and SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced deficiency in zinc that is essential for normality of taste perception and saliva secretion. Given the long-term oral sequelae, hospital discharge is not the end of the disease; therefore, careful attention should be continuously paid to oral conditions of post-COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsuchiya
- Department of Dental Basic Education, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Japan
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9
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Szallasi A. "ThermoTRP" Channel Expression in Cancers: Implications for Diagnosis and Prognosis (Practical Approach by a Pathologist). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9098. [PMID: 37240443 PMCID: PMC10219044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (so-called "thermoTRPs") are multifunctional signaling molecules with important roles in cell growth and differentiation. Several "thermoTRP" channels show altered expression in cancers, though it is unclear if this is a cause or consequence of the disease. Regardless of the underlying pathology, this altered expression may potentially be used for cancer diagnosis and prognostication. "ThermoTRP" expression may distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. For example, TRPV1 is expressed in benign gastric mucosa, but is absent in gastric adenocarcinoma. TRPV1 is also expressed both in normal urothelia and non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, but no TRPV1 expression has been seen in invasive urothelial carcinoma. "ThermoTRP" expression can also be used to predict clinical outcomes. For instance, in prostate cancer, TRPM8 expression predicts aggressive behavior with early metastatic disease. Furthermore, TRPV1 expression can dissect a subset of pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients with bad prognosis and resistance to a number of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. This review will explore the current state of this rapidly evolving field with special emphasis on immunostains that can already be added to the armoire of diagnostic pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Chiliquinga AJ, Acosta B, Ogonaga-Borja I, Villarruel-Melquiades F, de la Garza J, Gariglio P, Ocádiz-Delgado R, Ramírez A, Sánchez-Pérez Y, García-Cuellar CM, Bañuelos C, Camacho J. Ion Channels as Potential Tools for the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of HPV-Associated Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:1376. [PMID: 37408210 PMCID: PMC10217072 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human papilloma virus (HPV) group comprises approximately 200 genetic types that have a special affinity for epithelial tissues and can vary from producing benign symptoms to developing into complicated pathologies, such as cancer. The HPV replicative cycle affects various cellular and molecular processes, including DNA insertions and methylation and relevant pathways related to pRb and p53, as well as ion channel expression or function. Ion channels are responsible for the flow of ions across cell membranes and play very important roles in human physiology, including the regulation of ion homeostasis, electrical excitability, and cell signaling. However, when ion channel function or expression is altered, the channels can trigger a wide range of channelopathies, including cancer. In consequence, the up- or down-regulation of ion channels in cancer makes them attractive molecular markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the disease. Interestingly, the activity or expression of several ion channels is dysregulated in HPV-associated cancers. Here, we review the status of ion channels and their regulation in HPV-associated cancers and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Understanding the dynamics of ion channels in these cancers should help to improve early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in the benefit of HPV-associated cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias en Red, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Ogonaga-Borja
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias en Red, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Villarruel-Melquiades
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Jaime de la Garza
- Unidad de Oncología Torácica y Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Ocádiz-Delgado
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Ana Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia M. García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Bañuelos
- Programa Transdisciplinario en Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico para la Sociedad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
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11
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TRPV1 Is a Potential Tumor Suppressor for Its Negative Association with Tumor Proliferation and Positive Association with Antitumor Immune Responses in Pan-Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6964550. [PMID: 36304985 PMCID: PMC9596243 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6964550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Although numerous studies have shown that the expression and activation of TRPV1 have an important role in cancer development, a comprehensive exploration of associations between TRPV1 expression and tumor proliferation, microenvironment, and clinical outcomes in pan-cancer remains insufficient. Methods From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program, we downloaded multiomics data of ten cancer cohorts and investigated the correlations between TRPV1 expression and immune signatures' enrichment, stromal content, genomic features, oncogenic signaling, and clinical features in these cancer cohorts and pan-cancer. Results Elevated expression of TRPV1 correlated with better clinical outcomes in pan-cancer and diverse cancer types. In multiple cancer types, TRPV1 expression correlated negatively with the expression of tumor proliferation marker genes (MKI67 and RACGAP1), proliferation scores, cell cycle scores, stemness scores, epithelial-mesenchymal transition scores, oncogenic pathways' enrichment, tumor immunosuppressive signals, intratumor heterogeneity, homologous recombination deficiency, tumor mutation burden, and stromal content. Moreover, TRPV1 expression was downregulated in late-stage versus early-stage tumors. In breast cancer, bladder cancer, and low-grade glioma, TRPV1 expression was more inferior in invasive than in noninvasive subtypes. Pathway analysis showed that the enrichment of cancer-associated pathways correlated inversely with TRPV1 expression levels. Conclusion TRPV1 upregulation correlates with decreased tumor proliferation, tumor driver gene expression, genomic instability, and tumor immunosuppressive signals in various cancers. Our results provide new understanding of the role of TRPV1 in both cancer biology and clinical practice.
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12
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Optimized flow cytometric detection of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) in human hematological malignancies. Med Oncol 2022; 39:81. [PMID: 35477804 PMCID: PMC9046313 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The ectopic overexpression of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) has been detected in numerous solid cancers, including breast, prostate, pancreatic, and tongue epithelium cancer. However, the expression of TRPV1 in hematological malignancies remains unknown. Here we show through in silico analysis that elevated TRPV1 mRNA expression occurs in a range of hematological malignancies and presents an optimized flow cytometry method to rapidly assess TRPV1 protein expression for both cell lines and primary patient samples. Three anti-TRPV1 antibodies were evaluated for intracellular TRPV1 detection using flow cytometry resulting in an optimized protocol for the evaluation of TRPV1 in hematological malignant cell lines and patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Overexpression of TRPV1 was observed in THP-1 (acute monocytic leukemia) and U266B1 (multiple myeloma, MM), but not U937 (histiocytic lymphoma) compared to healthy PBMC. TRPV1 was also detected in all 49 patients including B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), MM, and others and 20 healthy controls. TRPV1 expression was increased in 8% of patients (MM = 2, B-NHL = 2). In conclusion, we provide an optimized flow cytometry method for routine expression analysis of clinical samples and show that TRPV1 is increased in a subset of patients with hematological malignancies.
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13
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Anticancer Activity of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Drimane and Coloratane Sesquiterpenoids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082501. [PMID: 35458699 PMCID: PMC9031474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drimane and coloratane sesquiterpenoids are present in several plants, microorganisms, and marine life. Because of their cytotoxic activity, these sesquiterpenoids have received increasing attention as a source for new anticancer drugs and pharmacophores. Natural drimanes and coloratanes, as well as their semi-synthetic derivatives, showed promising results against cancer cell lines with in vitro activities in the low micro- and nanomolar range. Despite their high potential as novel anticancer agents, the mode of action and structure–activity relationships of drimanes and coloratanes have not been completely enlightened nor systematically reviewed. Our review aims to give an overview of known structures and derivatizations of this class of sesquiterpenoids, as well as their activity against cancer cells and potential modes-of-action. The cytotoxic activities of about 40 natural and 25 semi-synthetic drimanes and coloratanes are discussed. In addition to that, we give a summary about the clinical significance of drimane and coloratane sesquiterpenoids.
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14
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Li L, Chen C, Xiang Q, Fan S, Xiao T, Chen Y, Zheng D. Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 1 Expression Promotes Chemoresistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:773654. [PMID: 35402237 PMCID: PMC8990814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.773654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 85% of lung cancer cases are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chemoresistance is a leading cause of chemotherapy failure in NSCLC treatment. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective cation channel, plays multiple roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development, including tumor cell proliferation, death, and metastasis as well as the response to therapy. In this study, we found TRPV1 expression was increased in NSCLC. TRPV1 overexpression induced cisplatin (DDP) and fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in A549 cells independent of its channel function. TRPV1 expression was upregulated in A549-DDP/5-FU resistant cells, and DDP/5-FU sensitivity was restored by TRPV1 knockdown. TRPV1 overexpression mediated DDP and 5-FU resistance by upregulation of ABCA5 drug transporter gene expression, thereby increasing drug efflux, enhancing homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway to alleviate apoptosis and activating IL-8 signaling to promote cell survival. These findings demonstrate an essential role of TRPV1 in chemoresistance in NSCLC and implicate TRPV1 as a potential chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Duo Zheng,
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15
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McKamey SG, Jira LR, Tweed CM, Blake SD, Powell DP, Daghistani AT, Koh DW. Antagonism of the transient receptor potential melastatin‑2 channel leads to targeted antitumor effects in primary human malignant melanoma cells. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:43. [PMID: 35234266 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma continues to be the most aggressive and devastating form of skin cancer for which the development of novel therapies is required. The present study aimed to determine the effects of antagonism of the transient receptor potential melastatin‑2 (TRPM2) ion channel in primary human malignant melanoma cells. TRPM2 antagonism via use of the antifungal agent, clotrimazole, led to decreases in cell proliferation, as well as dose‑dependent increases in cell death in all melanoma cell lines investigated. The targeting of TRPM2 channels was verified using TRPM2 knockdown, where treatment with TRPM2 small‑interfering RNA led to similar levels of cell death in all melanoma cell lines when compared with clotrimazole treatment. Minimal effects on proliferation and cell death were observed following antagonism or knockdown of TRPM2 in non‑cancerous human keratinocytes. Moreover, characteristics of TRPM2 were explored in these melanoma cells and the results demonstrated that TRPM2, localized to the plasma membrane as a non‑specific ion channel in non‑cancerous cells, displayed a nuclear localization in all human melanoma cell lines analyzed. Additional characterization of these melanoma cell lines confirmed that each expressed one or more established multidrug resistance genes. Results of the present study therefore indicated that antagonism of the TRPM2 channel led to antitumor effects in human melanoma cells, including those that are potentially unresponsive to current treatments due to the expression of drug resistance genes. The unique cellular localization of TRPM2 and the specificity of the antitumor effects elicited by TRPM2 antagonism suggested that TRPM2 possesses a unique role in melanoma cells. Collectively, the targeting of TRPM2 represents a potentially novel, efficacious and readily accessible treatment option for patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby G McKamey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Lukas R Jira
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Christopher M Tweed
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Steven D Blake
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Daniel P Powell
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - Ayah T Daghistani
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
| | - David W Koh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH 45810, USA
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16
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Functional Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 and Vanilloid 1 Ion Channels Are Overexpressed in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031921. [PMID: 35163843 PMCID: PMC8836603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors are non-selective cation channels expressed on primary sensory neurons and epithelial and immune cells. TRPV1 mRNA and immunopositivity, as well as TRPA1-like immunoreactivity upregulation, were demonstrated in OSCC, but selectivity problems with the antibodies still raise questions and their functional relevance is unclear. Therefore, here, we investigated TRPA1 and TRPV1 expressions in OSCC and analyzed their functions. TRPA1 and TRPV1 mRNA were determined by RNAscope in situ hybridization and qPCR. Radioactive 45Ca2+ uptake and ATP-based luminescence indicating cell viability were measured in PE/CA-PJ41 cells in response to the TRPA1 agonist allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) and TRPV1 agonist capsaicin to determine receptor function. Both TRPA1 and TRPV1 mRNA are expressed in the squamous epithelium of the human oral mucosa and in PE/CA-PJ41 cells, and their expressions are significantly upregulated in OSCC compared to healthy mucosa. TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation (100 µM AITC, 100 nM capsaicin) induced 45Ca2+-influx into PE/CA-PJ41 cells. Both AITC (10 nM-5 µM) and capsaicin (100 nM-45 µM) reduced cell viability, reaching significant decrease at 100 nM AITC and 45 µM capsaicin. We provide the first evidence for the presence of non-neuronal TRPA1 receptor in the OSCC and confirm the expression of TRPV1 channel. These channels are functionally active and might regulate cancer cell viability.
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17
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Szallasi A. Capsaicin and cancer: Guilty as charged or innocent until proven guilty? Temperature (Austin) 2022; 10:35-49. [PMID: 37187832 PMCID: PMC10177684 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2021.2017735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With an estimated 2 billion chili pepper connoisseurs worldwide, the human exposure to capsaicin is enormous. Therefore, the question whether nutritional capsaicin is a cancer causing or cancer preventive agent is of utmost importance. The gamut of human epidemiology studies suggests that capsaicin in modest, "restaurant-like" doses is not only safe to eat, but it may even provide health benefits, such as lower cancer-related death rate. Very "hot" food is, however, probably better avoided. Importantly, no increased cancer risk was reported in patients following topical (skin or intravesical) capsaicin therapy. Aberrant capsaicin receptor TRPV1 expression was noted in various cancers with potential implications for cancer therapy, diagnosis and prognostication. Indeed, capsaicin can kill cancer cells by a combination of on- and off-target mechanisms, though it remains unclear if this can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. The literature on capsaicin and cancer is vast and controversial. This review aims to find answers to questions that are relevant for our daily life and medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Iozzo M, Sgrignani G, Comito G, Chiarugi P, Giannoni E. Endocannabinoid System and Tumour Microenvironment: New Intertwined Connections for Anticancer Approaches. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123396. [PMID: 34943903 PMCID: PMC8699381 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) is now recognised as a hallmark of cancer, since tumour:stroma crosstalk supports the key steps of tumour growth and progression. The dynamic co-evolution of the tumour and stromal compartments may alter the surrounding microenvironment, including the composition in metabolites and signalling mediators. A growing number of evidence reports the involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in cancer. ECS is composed by a complex network of ligands, receptors, and enzymes, which act in synergy and contribute to several physiological but also pathological processes. Several in vitro and in vivo evidence show that ECS deregulation in cancer cells affects proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and metastatic potential. Although it is still an evolving research, recent experimental evidence also suggests that ECS can modulate the functional behaviour of several components of the TME, above all the immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal components. However, the role of ECS in the tumour:stroma interplay remains unclear and research in this area is particularly intriguing. This review aims to shed light on the latest relevant findings of the tumour response to ECS modulation, encouraging a more in-depth analysis in this field. Novel discoveries could be promising for novel anti-tumour approaches, targeting the microenvironmental components and the supportive tumour:stroma crosstalk, thereby hindering tumour development.
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19
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Hsu WL, Noda M, Yoshioka T, Ito E. A novel strategy for treating cancer: understanding the role of Ca2+ signaling from nociceptive TRP channels in regulating cancer progression. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:401-415. [PMID: 36045706 PMCID: PMC9400763 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an aging-associated disease and caused by genomic instability that is driven by the accumulation of mutations and epimutations in the aging process. Although Ca2+ signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence inflammation response (SIR) are processed during genomic instability, the underlying mechanism for the cause of genomic instability and cancer development is still poorly understood and needs to be investigated. Nociceptive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which firstly respond to environmental stimuli, such as microbes, chemicals or physical injuries, potentiate regulation of the aging process by Ca2+ signaling. In this review, the authors provide an explanation of the dual role of nociceptive TRP channels in regulating cancer progression, initiating cancer progression by aging-induced genomic instability, and promoting malignancy by epigenetic regulation. Thus, therapeutically targeting nociceptive TRP channels seems to be a novel strategy for treating cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mami Noda
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tohru Yoshioka
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Department of Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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Expression Profiles of ASIC1/2 and TRPV1/4 in Common Skin Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116024. [PMID: 34199609 PMCID: PMC8199644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid-sensing ion channels ASIC1 and ASIC2, as well as the transient receptor potential vanilloid channels TRPV1 and TRPV4, are proton-gated cation channels that can be activated by low extracellular pH (pHe), which is a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment in solid tumors. However, the role of these channels in the development of skin tumors is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression profiles of ASIC1, ASIC2, TRPV1 and TRPV4 in malignant melanoma (MM), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and in nevus cell nevi (NCN). We conducted immunohistochemistry using paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients and found that most skin tumors express ASIC1/2 and TRPV1/4. Striking results were that BCCs are often negative for ASIC2, while nearly all SCCs express this marker. Epidermal MM sometimes seem to lack ASIC1 in contrast to NCN. Dermal portions of MM show strong expression of TRPV1 more frequently than dermal NCN portions. Some NCN show a decreasing ASIC1/2 expression in deeper dermal tumor tissue, while MM seem to not lose ASIC1/2 in deeper dermal portions. ASIC1, ASIC2, TRPV1 and TRPV4 in skin tumors might be involved in tumor progression, thus being potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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21
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Li L, Chen C, Chiang C, Xiao T, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Zheng D. The Impact of TRPV1 on Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy: A Systematic Review. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2034-2049. [PMID: 34131404 PMCID: PMC8193258 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) is a transmembrane protein that can be activated by various physical and chemical stimuli and is associated with pain transduction. In recent years, TRPV1 was discovered to play essential roles in cancer tumorigenesis and development, as TRPV1 expression levels are altered in numerous cancer cell types. Several investigations have discovered direct associations between TRPV1 and cancer cell proliferation, cell death, and metastasis. Furthermore, about two dozen TRPV1 agonists/antagonists are under clinical trial, as TRPV1 is a potential drug target for treating various diseases. Hence, more researchers are focusing on the effects of TRPV1 agonists or antagonists on cancer tumorigenesis and development. However, both agonists and antagonists may reveal anti-cancer effects, and the effect may function via or be independent of TRPV1. In this review, we provide an overview of the impact of TRPV1 on cancer cell proliferation, cell death, and metastasis, as well as on cancer therapy and the tumor microenvironment, and consider the implications of using TRPV1 agonists and antagonists for future research and potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chengyao Chiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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22
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Abstract
Mouthfeel refers to the physical or textural sensations in the mouth caused by foods and beverages that are essential to the acceptability of many edible products. The sensory subqualities contributing to mouthfeel are often chemogenic in nature and include heat, burning, cooling, tingling, and numbing. These "chemesthetic" sensations are a result of the chemical activation of receptors that are associated with nerve fibers mediating pain and mechanotransduction. Each of these chemesthetic sensations in the oral cavity are transduced in the nervous system by a combination of different molecular channels/receptors expressed on trigeminal nerve fibers that innervate the mouth and tongue. The molecular profile of these channels and receptors involved in mouthfeel include many transient receptor potential channels, proton-sensitive ion channels, and potassium channels to name a few. During the last several years, studies using molecular and physiological approaches have significantly expanded and enhanced our understanding of the neurobiological basis for these chemesthetic sensations. The purpose of the current review is to integrate older and newer studies to present a comprehensive picture of the channels and receptors involved in mouthfeel. We highlight that there still continue to be important gaps in our overall knowledge on flavor integration and perception involving chemesthetic sensations, and these gaps will continue to drive future research direction and future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Simons
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amanda H Klein
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Earl Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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23
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Kiss F, Pohóczky K, Szállási A, Helyes Z. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels in Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potentials. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6374. [PMID: 32887395 PMCID: PMC7569891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) remain a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. This is a largely preventable disease with smoking, alcohol abuse, and human papilloma virus (HPV) being the main risk factors. Yet, many patients are diagnosed with advanced disease, and no survival improvement has been seen for oral SCC in the past decade. Clearly, new diagnostic and prognostic markers are needed for early diagnosis and to guide therapy. Gene expression studies implied the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. TRPs are expressed in normal epithelium where they play a key role in proliferation and differentiation. There is increasing evidence that the expression of TRP channels may change in HNSCC with important implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. In this review, we propose that TRP channel expression may afford a novel opportunity for early diagnosis of HNSCC and targeted molecular treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Kiss
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;
| | - Krisztina Pohóczky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Arpad Szállási
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., H-7629 Pécs, Hungary
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Takahashi N, Tsuzuno T, Mineo S, Yamada-Hara M, Aoki-Nonaka Y, Tabeta K. Epithelial TRPV1 channels: Expression, function, and pathogenicity in the oral cavity. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:235-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Aroke EN, Powell-Roach KL, Jaime-Lara RB, Tesfaye M, Roy A, Jackson P, Joseph PV. Taste the Pain: The Role of TRP Channels in Pain and Taste Perception. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5929. [PMID: 32824721 PMCID: PMC7460556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of cation transmembrane proteins that are expressed in many tissues and respond to many sensory stimuli. TRP channels play a role in sensory signaling for taste, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and nociception. Activation of TRP channels (e.g., TRPM5) in taste receptors by food/chemicals (e.g., capsaicin) is essential in the acquisition of nutrients, which fuel metabolism, growth, and development. Pain signals from these nociceptors are essential for harm avoidance. Dysfunctional TRP channels have been associated with neuropathic pain, inflammation, and reduced ability to detect taste stimuli. Humans have long recognized the relationship between taste and pain. However, the mechanisms and relationship among these taste-pain sensorial experiences are not fully understood. This article provides a narrative review of literature examining the role of TRP channels on taste and pain perception. Genomic variability in the TRPV1 gene has been associated with alterations in various pain conditions. Moreover, polymorphisms of the TRPV1 gene have been associated with alterations in salty taste sensitivity and salt preference. Studies of genetic variations in TRP genes or modulation of TRP pathways may increase our understanding of the shared biological mediators of pain and taste, leading to therapeutic interventions to treat many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin N. Aroke
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (E.N.A.); (P.J.)
| | | | - Rosario B. Jaime-Lara
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit (SenSMet), National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.B.J.-L.); (M.T.); (A.R.)
| | - Markos Tesfaye
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit (SenSMet), National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.B.J.-L.); (M.T.); (A.R.)
| | - Abhrabrup Roy
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit (SenSMet), National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.B.J.-L.); (M.T.); (A.R.)
| | - Pamela Jackson
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (E.N.A.); (P.J.)
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit (SenSMet), National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.B.J.-L.); (M.T.); (A.R.)
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26
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Stokłosa P, Borgström A, Kappel S, Peinelt C. TRP Channels in Digestive Tract Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1877. [PMID: 32182937 PMCID: PMC7084354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the digestive tract are among the most prevalent types of cancer. These types of cancers are often diagnosed at a late stage, which results in a poor prognosis. Currently, many biomedical studies focus on the role of ion channels, in particular transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, in cancer pathophysiology. TRP channels show mostly non-selective permeability to monovalent and divalent cations. TRP channels are often dysregulated in digestive tract cancers, which can result in alterations of cancer hallmark functions, such as enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion and the inability to induce apoptosis. Therefore, TRP channels could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, TRP channels are mostly expressed on the cell surface and ion channel targeting drugs do not need to enter the cell, making them attractive candidate drug targets. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about TRP channels in connection to digestive tract cancers (oral cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer) and give an outlook on the potential of TRP channels as cancer biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Stokłosa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, National Center of Competence in Research NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (A.B.); (S.K.); (C.P.)
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27
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Liu C, Qi X, Yang D, Neely A, Zhou Z. The effects of cannabis use on oral health. Oral Dis 2019; 26:1366-1374. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- School of Dentistry University of Detroit Mercy Detroit MI USA
- School and Hospital of StomatologyHebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xia Qi
- School of Dentistry University of Detroit Mercy Detroit MI USA
- School and Hospital of StomatologyHebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Dongru Yang
- School and Hospital of StomatologyHebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Anthony Neely
- School of Dentistry University of Detroit Mercy Detroit MI USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Dentistry University of Detroit Mercy Detroit MI USA
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28
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Alhouayek M, Boldrup L, Fowler CJ. Altered mRNA Expression of Genes Involved in Endocannabinoid Signalling in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:327-338. [PMID: 31423851 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1638394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT). Here we have investigated, at the mRNA level, expression of genes coding for the components of the eCB system in tumour and non-malignant samples from SCCOT patients. Expression of NAPEPLD and PLA2G4E, coding for eCB anabolic enzymes, was higher in the tumour tissue than in non-malignant tissue. Among genes coding for eCB catabolic enzymes, expression of MGLL was lower in tumour tissue while PTGS2 was increased. It is concluded that the eCB system may be dysfunctional in SCCOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Alhouayek
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.,Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - Linda Boldrup
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Christopher J Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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29
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Pushpass RAG, Daly B, Kelly C, Proctor G, Carpenter GH. Altered Salivary Flow, Protein Composition, and Rheology Following Taste and TRP Stimulation in Older Adults. Front Physiol 2019; 10:652. [PMID: 31214042 PMCID: PMC6555201 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste and smell perceptions diminish in older age, impacting upon quality of life and nutrition, yet the causes of taste loss are largely unknown. Transient receptor potential channels (TRP) found on the oral mucosa are also involved in oral sensations including cooling and burning and may contribute to the eating experience of older people. Older adults often have reduced salivary flow and the physical properties of saliva may change, but the role of saliva in oral sensations of older adults is yet to be elucidated. Here, the effect of older age on subjective (perception) and objective (stimulated salivary response) measures of TRP stimulants, odors, and basic tastants was investigated. Whole mouth saliva was collected from younger (mean age 24 years) and older adults (mean age 72 years) following stimulation of taste [mono sodium glutamate (MSG) and caffeine], olfaction (menthol), and TRP receptors (capsaicin). Participants rated perceived intensity of each stimulus, and salivary properties were assessed. Older age was associated with 15% lower umami taste and 26% lower menthol odor perception, coupled with 17% lower salivary response to MSG. Interestingly, there were no differences for perception of TRP stimulants, so chemo-sensation was not affected by age. Younger adults had four times greater elasticity (Spinnbarkeit) with MUC7 levels almost double and 66% greater resting salivary flow rate. Stimulated salivary responses in the younger group were also higher compared to the older group, with changes in protein and viscoelasticity in response to taste and TRP stimulation. These results show the impact of older age upon taste and smell sensation which may lead to changes in the physical and compositional properties of saliva in response to taste/odor stimulation. Measurement of stimulated salivary flow and rheology provides an objective measure of taste in addition to subjective perceptions which can be influenced by participant bias. Chemo-sensation may be retained with age and trigeminal stimuli such as chili could be employed in future studies to enhance meals for an age group at risk of malnutrition. Alteration in salivary properties due to advanced age could impact on ability to taste due to poor diffusion of tastants and reduced oral surface protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose-Anna Grace Pushpass
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology, Salivary Research, Faculty of Dental, Oral, Dental Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Blánaid Daly
- Child and Public Dental Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charles Kelly
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology, Salivary Research, Faculty of Dental, Oral, Dental Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Proctor
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology, Salivary Research, Faculty of Dental, Oral, Dental Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Howard Carpenter
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology, Salivary Research, Faculty of Dental, Oral, Dental Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Walcher L, Budde C, Böhm A, Reinach PS, Dhandapani P, Ljubojevic N, Schweiger MW, von der Waydbrink H, Reimers I, Köhrle J, Mergler S. TRPM8 Activation via 3-Iodothyronamine Blunts VEGF-Induced Transactivation of TRPV1 in Human Uveal Melanoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01234 ecollection 2018.pmid: 30483120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2022] Open
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31
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Walcher L, Budde C, Böhm A, Reinach PS, Dhandapani P, Ljubojevic N, Schweiger MW, von der Waydbrink H, Reimers I, Köhrle J, Mergler S. TRPM8 Activation via 3-Iodothyronamine Blunts VEGF-Induced Transactivation of TRPV1 in Human Uveal Melanoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1234. [PMID: 30483120 PMCID: PMC6243059 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In human uveal melanoma (UM), tumor enlargement is associated with increases in aqueous humor vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) content that induce neovascularization. 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM), an endogenous thyroid hormone metabolite, activates TRP melastatin 8 (TRPM8), which blunts TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) activation by capsaicin (CAP) in human corneal, conjunctival epithelial cells, and stromal cells. We compare here the effects of TRPM8 activation on VEGF-induced transactivation of TRPV1 in an UM cell line (92.1) with those in normal primary porcine melanocytes (PM) since TRPM8 is upregulated in melanoma. Fluorescence Ca2+-imaging and planar patch-clamping characterized functional channel activities. CAP (20 μM) induced Ca2+ transients and increased whole-cell currents in both the UM cell line and PM whereas TRPM8 agonists, 100 μM menthol and 20 μM icilin, blunted such responses in the UM cells. VEGF (10 ng/ml) elicited Ca2+ transients and augmented whole-cell currents, which were blocked by capsazepine (CPZ; 20 μM) but not by a highly selective TRPM8 blocker, AMTB (20 μM). The VEGF-induced current increases were not augmented by CAP. Both 3-T1AM (1 μM) and menthol (100 μM) increased the whole-cell currents, whereas 20 μM AMTB blocked them. 3-T1AM exposure suppressed both VEGF-induced Ca2+ transients and increases in underlying whole-cell currents. Taken together, functional TRPM8 upregulation in UM 92.1 cells suggests that TRPM8 is a potential drug target for suppressing VEGF induced increases in neovascularization and UM tumor growth since TRPM8 activation blocked VEGF transactivation of TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Walcher
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Budde
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arina Böhm
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter S Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Nina Ljubojevic
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus W Schweiger
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henriette von der Waydbrink
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilka Reimers
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mergler
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Differential Expression of Prostaglandin I2 Synthase Associated with Arachidonic Acid Pathway in the Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2018; 2018:6301980. [PMID: 30532780 PMCID: PMC6250001 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6301980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Differential expression of genes encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP) and other oxygenases enzymes involved in biotransformation mechanisms of endogenous and exogenous compounds can lead to oral tumor development. Objective We aimed to identify the expression profile of these genes, searching for susceptibility biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Patients and Methods Sixteen oral squamous cell carcinoma samples were included in this study (eight tumor and eight adjacent non-tumor tissues). Gene expression quantification was performed using TaqMan Array Human CYP450 and other Oxygenases 96-well plate (Applied Biosystems) by real time qPCR. Protein quantification was performed by ELISA and IHC methods. Bioinformatics tools were used to find metabolic pathways related to the enzymes encoded by differentially expressed genes. Results. CYP27B1, CYP27A1, CYP2E1, CYP2R1, CYP2J2, CYP2U1, CYP4F12, CYP4X1, CYP4B1, PTGIS, ALOX12, and MAOB genes presented differential expression in the oral tumors. After correction by multiple tests, only the PTGIS (Prostaglandin I2 Synthase) gene presented significant differential expression (P < 0.05). The PTGIS gene and protein were reduced in oral tumors. Conclusion PTGIS presents downexpression in oral tumors. PTGIS play an important role in the arachidonic acid metabolism. Arachidonic acid and/or metabolites are derived from this pathway, which can influence the regulation of important physiological mechanisms in tumorigenesis process.
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Ye Y, Scheff NN, Bernabé D, Salvo E, Ono K, Liu C, Veeramachaneni R, Viet CT, Viet DT, Dolan JC, Schmidt BL. Anti-cancer and analgesic effects of resolvin D2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Neuropharmacology 2018; 139:182-193. [PMID: 30009833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is often painful and lethal. Oral cancer progression and pain may result from shared pathways that involve unresolved inflammation and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Resolvin D-series (RvDs) are endogenous lipid mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids that exhibit pro-resolution and anti-inflammatory actions. These mediators have recently emerged as a novel class of therapeutics for diseases that involve inflammation; the specific roles of RvDs in oral cancer and associated pain are not defined. The present study investigated the potential of RvDs (RvD1 and RvD2) to treat oral cancer and alleviate oral cancer pain. We found down-regulated mRNA levels of GPR18 and GPR32 (which code for receptors RvD1 and RvD2) in oral cancer cells. Both RvD1 and RvD2 inhibited oral cancer proliferation in vitro. Using two validated mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma xenograft models, we found that RvD2, the more potent anti-inflammatory lipid mediator, significantly reduced tumor size. The mechanism of this action might involve suppression of IL-6, C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), and reduction of tumor necrosis. RvD2 generated short-lasting analgesia in xenograft cancer models, which coincided with decreased neutrophil infiltration and myeloperoxidase activity. Using a cancer supernatant model, we demonstrated that RvD2 reduced cancer-derived cytokines/chemokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL10, and MCP-1), cancer mediator-induced CD11b+Ly6G- myeloid cells, and nociception. We infer from our results that manipulation of the endogenous pro-resolution pathway might provide a novel approach to improve oral cancer and cancer pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ye
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, USA.
| | - Nicole N Scheff
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Daniel Bernabé
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Elizabeth Salvo
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Cheng Liu
- Head and Neck Pathology, Langone Medical Center, USA
| | | | - Chi T Viet
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Dan T Viet
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA
| | - John C Dolan
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA; Department of Orthodontics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, USA
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Sakakibara A, Sakakibara S, Kusumoto J, Takeda D, Hasegawa T, Akashi M, Minamikawa T, Hashikawa K, Terashi H, Komori T. Upregulated Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Receptors in Mucosae of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Patients with a History of Alcohol Consumption or Smoking. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169723. [PMID: 28081185 PMCID: PMC5230781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Transient receptor potential cation channel (subfamily V, members 1–4) (TRPV1–4) are expressed in skin and neurons and activated by external stimuli in normal mucosae of all oral cavity sites. The oral cavity is exposed to various stimuli, including temperature, mechanical stimuli, chemical substances, and changes in pH, and, notably, the risk factors for oncogenic transformation in oral squamous epithelium are the same as the external stimuli received by TRPV1–4 receptors. Hence, we examined the relationship between oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and TRPV1–4 expression. Materials and Methods Oral SCC patients (n = 37) who underwent surgical resection were included in this study. We investigated the expression of TRPV1–4 by immunohistochemical staining and quantification of TRPV1–4 mRNA in human oral mucosa. In addition, we compared the TRPV1–4 levels in mucosa from patients with SCC to those in normal oral mucosa. Results The receptors were expressed in oral mucosa at all sites (tongue, buccal mucosa, gingiva, and oral floor) and the expression was stronger in epithelia from patients with SCC than in normal epithelia. Furthermore, alcohol consumption and tobacco use were strongly associated with the occurrence of oral cancer and were found to have a remarkable influence on TRPV1–4 receptor expression in normal oral mucosa. In particular, patients with a history of alcohol consumption demonstrated significantly higher expression levels. Conclusion Various external stimuli may influence the behavior of cancer cells. Overexpression of TRPV1-4 is likely to be a factor in enhanced sensitivity to external stimuli. These findings could contribute to the establishment of novel strategies for cancer therapy or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakakibara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shunsuke Sakakibara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junya Kusumoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Minamikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Hashikawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terashi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takahide Komori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Weber LV, Al-Refae K, Wölk G, Bonatz G, Altmüller J, Becker C, Gisselmann G, Hatt H. Expression and functionality of TRPV1 in breast cancer cells. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2016; 8:243-252. [PMID: 28008282 PMCID: PMC5167528 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels contribute to the regulation of intracellular calcium, which can promote cancer hallmarks in cases of dysregulation of gene transcription and calcium-dependent pro-proliferative or anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Several studies have begun to elucidate the roles of TRPV1, TRPV6, TRPM8, and TRPC1 in cancer progression; however, no study has examined the expression profiles of human TRP channels in breast cancer on a large scale. This study focused on the expression and functionality of TRPV1, a nonselective cation channel that was found to be expressed in different carcinoma tissues. Next-generation sequencing analyses revealed the expression of TRPV1 in several native breast cancer tissues, which was subsequently validated via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Activation of TRPV1 by its ligand capsaicin was associated with the growth inhibition of some cancer cell types; however, the signaling components involved are complex. In this study, stimulation by the TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, of SUM149PT cells, a model system for the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, triple-negative breast cancer, led to intracellular calcium signals that were diminished by the specific TRPV1 antagonist, capsazepin. Activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin caused significant inhibition of cancer cell growth and induced apoptosis and necrosis. In conclusion, the current study revealed the expression profiles of human TRP channels in 60 different breast cancer tissues and cell lines and furthermore validated the antitumor activity of TRPV1 against SUM149PT breast cancer cells, indicating that activation of TRPV1 could be used as a therapeutic target, even in the most aggressive breast cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea V Weber
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum
| | | | | | | | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Hanns Hatt
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum
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Lakomá J, Rimondini R, Ferrer Montiel A, Donadio V, Liguori R, Caprini M. Increased expression of Trpv1 in peripheral terminals mediates thermal nociception in Fabry disease mouse model. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916663729. [PMID: 27531673 PMCID: PMC5009828 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916663729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is a X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient function of the alpha-galactosidase A (α-GalA) enzyme. α-GalA deficiency leads to multisystemic clinical manifestations caused by the preferential accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in the endothelium and vascular smooth muscles. A hallmark symptom of Fabry disease patients is neuropathic pain that appears in the early stage of the disease as a result of peripheral small fiber damage. The α-GalA gene null mouse model (α-GalA(-/0)) has provided molecular evidence for the molecular alterations in small type-C nociceptors in Fabry disease that may underlie their hyperexcitability, although the specific mechanism remains elusive. Here, we have addressed this question and report that small type-C nociceptors from α-GalA(-/0) mice exhibit a significant increase in the expression and function of the TRPV1 channel, a thermoTRP channel implicated in painful heat sensation. Notably, male α-GalA(-/0) mice displayed a ≈2-fold higher heat sensitivity than wild-type animals, consistent with the augmented expression levels and activity of TRPV1 in α-GalA(-/0) nociceptors. Intriguingly, blockade of neuronal exocytosis with peptide DD04107, a process that inhibits among others the algesic membrane recruitment of TRPV1 channels in peptidergic nociceptors, virtually eliminated the enhanced heat nociception of α-GalA(-/0) mice. Together, these findings suggest that the augmented expression of TRPV1 in α-GalA(-/0) nociceptors may underly at least in part their increased heat sensitivity, and imply that blockade of peripheral neuronal exocytosis may be a valuable pharmacological strategy to reduce pain in Fabry disease patients, increasing their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Lakomá
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Laboratory of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Miguel Hernandez, Spain
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Donadio
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Miguel Hernandez, Spain
| | - Rocco Liguori
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Miguel Hernandez, Spain Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Caprini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Laboratory of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy
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Alvarez-Berdugo D, Rofes L, Casamitjana JF, Padrón A, Quer M, Clavé P. Oropharyngeal and laryngeal sensory innervation in the pathophysiology of swallowing disorders and sensory stimulation treatments. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1380:104-120. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alvarez-Berdugo
- Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory, Hospital de Mataró; Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Mataró Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Barcelona Spain
| | - Laia Rofes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Andreína Padrón
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Mataró; Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Mataró Spain
| | - Miquel Quer
- ENT and Cervicofacial Pathology Department of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona Spain
| | - Pere Clavé
- Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory, Hospital de Mataró; Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Mataró Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Barcelona Spain
- Fundació Institut de Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol; Badalona Spain
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Kawakami S, Sato H, Sasaki AT, Tanabe HC, Yoshida Y, Saito M, Toyoda H, Sadato N, Kang Y. The Brain Mechanisms Underlying the Perception of Pungent Taste of Capsaicin and the Subsequent Autonomic Responses. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 9:720. [PMID: 26834613 PMCID: PMC4717328 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In a human fMRI study, it has been demonstrated that tasting and ingesting capsaicin activate the ventral part of the middle and posterior short gyri (M/PSG) of the insula which is known as the primary gustatory area, suggesting that capsaicin is recognized as a taste. Tasting and digesting spicy foods containing capsaicin induce various physiological responses such as perspiration from face, salivation, and facilitation of cardiovascular activity, which are thought to be caused through viscero-visceral autonomic reflexes. However, this does not necessarily exclude the possibility of the involvement of higher-order sensory-motor integration between the M/PSG and anterior short gyrus (ASG) known as the autonomic region of the insula. To reveal a possible functional coordination between the M/PSG and ASG, we here addressed whether capsaicin increases neural activity in the ASG as well as the M/PSG using fMRI and a custom-made taste delivery system. Twenty subjects participated in this study, and three tastant solutions: capsaicin, NaCl, and artificial saliva (AS) were used. Group analyses with the regions activated by capsaicin revealed significant activations in the bilateral ASG and M/PSG. The fMRI blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals in response to capsaicin stimulation were significantly higher in ASG than in M/PSG regardless of the side. Concomitantly, capsaicin increased the fingertip temperature significantly. Although there was no significant correlation between the fingertip temperatures and BOLD signals in the ASG or M/PSG when the contrast [Capsaicin-AS] or [Capsaicin-NaCl] was computed, a significant correlation was found in the bilateral ASG when the contrast [2 × Capsaicin-NaCl-AS] was computed. In contrast, there was a significant correlation in the hypothalamus regardless of the contrasts. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between M/PSG and ASG. These results indicate that capsaicin increases neural activity in the ASG as well as the M/PSG, suggesting that the neural coordination between the two cortical areas may be involved in autonomic responses to tasting spicy foods as reflected in fingertip temperature increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Kawakami
- Department of Neuroscience and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversitySuita, Japan; Morinaga & Co., Ltd., YokohamaJapan
| | - Hajime Sato
- Department of Neuroscience and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University Suita, Japan
| | - Akihiro T Sasaki
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan; Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science TechnologiesKobe, Japan; Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City UniversityOsaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki C Tanabe
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yoshida
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences Okazaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Neuroscience and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversitySuita, Japan; Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Neuroscience and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University Suita, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences Okazaki, Japan
| | - Youngnam Kang
- Department of Neuroscience and Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University Suita, Japan
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Alvarez-Berdugo D, Rofes L, Farré R, Casamitjana JF, Enrique A, Chamizo J, Padrón A, Navarro X, Clavé P. Localization and expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the human oropharynx and larynx. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:91-100. [PMID: 26530852 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found that TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptor agonists improve swallow response in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), but little is known about the expression of these receptors in the human oropharynx. The aim of this study was to assess the expression and localization of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in human samples from the oropharynx of healthy patients, to provide the basis for new pharmacological treatments for OD. METHODS Samples from oropharyngeal regions innervated by cranial nerves V, IX, and X (tongue, pharynx, and epiglottis) were obtained during ENT surgery and processed either for mRNA (21 patients) or for immunohistochemical assays (seven patients). The expression analysis was performed with RT-qPCR using ACTBh as reference gene. Hemotoxylin and eosin staining was used to study the histology; the immunohistochemical assay used (i) neuron-specific enolase to detect nerve fibers or (ii) fluorescent probes to locate TRPV1 and TRPA1. RESULTS TRPV1 was expressed in the three studied regions, with higher levels in CN V region (tongue) than in CN X region (epiglottis; p < 0.05), and was localized at epithelial cells and nociceptive fibers in all studied regions. TRPA1 was also expressed in all studied regions, but was always localized below the basal lamina. No immunoreactivity for TRPA1 was found on epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES TRPV1 and TRPA1 are widely expressed in the human oropharynx with two distinct patterns. Our study further confirms that TRPV1/A1 receptors are promising therapeutic targets to develop active treatments for OD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Alvarez-Berdugo
- Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - L Rofes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Farré
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J F Casamitjana
- ENT Department, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - A Enrique
- ENT Department, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - J Chamizo
- ENT Department, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - A Padrón
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - X Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P Clavé
- Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Institut de Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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40
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Vercelli C, Barbero R, Cuniberti B, Racca S, Abbadessa G, Piccione F, Re G. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 expression and functionality in mcf-7 cells: a preliminary investigation. J Breast Cancer 2014; 17:332-8. [PMID: 25548580 PMCID: PMC4278051 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2014.17.4.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cation channel belonging to the transient receptor potential family, and it is expressed in different neoplastic tissues. Its activation is associated with regulation of cancer growth and progression. The aim of this research was to study the expression and pharmacological characteristics of TRPV1 in cells derived from human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods TRPV1 presence was assessed by binding studies and Western blotting. Receptor binding characteristics were evaluated through competition assays, while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-dipheyltetrazolium bromide reduction assays were performed to confirm an early hypothesis regarding the modulation of cancer cell proliferation. The functionality of TRPV1 was evaluated by measuring Ca2+ uptake in the presence of increasing concentrations of TRPV1 agonists and antagonists. Results Binding studies identified a single class of TRPV1 (Bmax 1,492±192 fmol/mg protein), and Western blot showed a signal at 100 kDa corresponding to the molecular weight of human TRPV1. Among the different tested agonists and antagonists, anandamide (Ki: 2.8×10-11 M) and 5-iodoresiniferatoxin (5-I-RTX) (Ki: 5.6×10-11 M) showed the highest degrees of affinity for TRPV1, respectively. All tested TRPV1 agonists and antagonists caused a significant (p<0.05) decrease in cell growth rate in MCF-7 cells. For agonists and antagonists, the efficacy of tested compounds displayed the following rank order: resiniferatoxin>anandamide>capsaicin and 5-I-RTX=capsazepine, respectively. Conclusion These data indicate that both TRPV1 agonists and antagonists induce significant inhibition of MCF-7 cell growth. Even though the mechanisms involved in the antiproliferative effects of TRPV1 agonists and antagonists should be further investigated, it has been suggested that agonists cause desensitization of the receptor, leading to alteration in Ca2+-influx regulation. By contrast, antagonists cause a functional block of the receptor with consequent fatal dysregulation of cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vercelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Raffaella Barbero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Barbara Cuniberti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Silvia Racca
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giuliana Abbadessa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Piccione
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Re
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
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Abstract
TRP channels are expressed in taste buds, nerve fibers, and keratinocytes in the oronasal cavity. These channels play integral roles in transducing chemical stimuli, giving rise to sensations of taste, irritation, warmth, coolness, and pungency. Specifically, TRPM5 acts downstream of taste receptors in the taste transduction pathway. TRPM5 channels convert taste-evoked intracellular Ca(2+) release into membrane depolarization to trigger taste transmitter secretion. PKD2L1 is expressed in acid-sensitive (sour) taste bud cells but is unlikely to be the transducer for sour taste. TRPV1 is a receptor for pungent chemical stimuli such as capsaicin and for several irritants (chemesthesis). It is controversial whether TRPV1 is present in the taste buds and plays a direct role in taste. Instead, TRPV1 is expressed in non-gustatory sensory afferent fibers and in keratinocytes of the oronasal cavity. In many sensory fibers and epithelial cells lining the oronasal cavity, TRPA1 is also co-expressed with TRPV1. As with TRPV1, TRPA1 transduces a wide variety of irritants and, in combination with TRPV1, assures that there is a broad response to noxious chemical stimuli. Other TRP channels, including TRPM8, TRPV3, and TRPV4, play less prominent roles in chemesthesis and no known role in taste, per se. The pungency of foods and beverages is likely highly influenced by the temperature at which they are consumed, their acidity, and, for beverages, their carbonation. All these factors modulate the activity of TRP channels in taste buds and in the oronasal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Roper
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL, 33136, USA,
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Nilius B, Szallasi A. Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Drug Targets: From the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:676-814. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Vercelli C, Barbero R, Cuniberti B, Odore R, Re G. Expression and functionality of TRPV1 receptor in human MCF-7 and canine CF.41 cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 13:133-42. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Vercelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Turin; Grugliasco Turin Italy
| | - R. Barbero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Turin; Grugliasco Turin Italy
| | - B. Cuniberti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Turin; Grugliasco Turin Italy
| | - R. Odore
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Turin; Grugliasco Turin Italy
| | - G. Re
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Turin; Grugliasco Turin Italy
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Bromberg Z, Goloubinoff P, Saidi Y, Weiss YG. The membrane-associated transient receptor potential vanilloid channel is the central heat shock receptor controlling the cellular heat shock response in epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57149. [PMID: 23468922 PMCID: PMC3584136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved molecular response to various types of stresses, including heat shock, during which heat-shock proteins (Hsps) are produced to prevent and repair damages in labile proteins and membranes. In cells, protein unfolding in the cytoplasm is thought to directly enable the activation of the heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1), however, recent work supports the activation of the HSR via an increase in the fluidity of specific membrane domains, leading to activation of heat-shock genes. Our findings support the existence of a plasma membrane-dependent mechanism of HSF-1 activation in animal cells, which is initiated by a membrane-associated transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor (TRPV). We found in various non-cancerous and cancerous mammalian epithelial cells that the TRPV1 agonists, capsaicin and resiniferatoxin (RTX), upregulated the accumulation of Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp27 and Hsp70 and Hsp90 respectively, while the TRPV1 antagonists, capsazepine and AMG-9810, attenuated the accumulation of Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp27 and Hsp70, Hsp90, respectively. Capsaicin was also shown to activate HSF-1. These findings suggest that heat-sensing and signaling in mammalian cells is dependent on TRPV channels in the plasma membrane. Thus, TRPV channels may be important drug targets to inhibit or restore the cellular stress response in diseases with defective cellular proteins, such as cancer, inflammation and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Bromberg
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and the Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pierre Goloubinoff
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Younousse Saidi
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yoram George Weiss
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and the Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Brown I, Cascio MG, Rotondo D, Pertwee RG, Heys SD, Wahle KW. Cannabinoids and omega-3/6 endocannabinoids as cell death and anticancer modulators. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:80-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lysophosphatidic acid directly activates TRPV1 through a C-terminal binding site. Nat Chem Biol 2011; 8:78-85. [PMID: 22101604 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since 1992, there has been growing evidence that the bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), whose amounts are increased upon tissue injury, activates primary nociceptors resulting in neuropathic pain. The TRPV1 ion channel is expressed in primary afferent nociceptors and is activated by physical and chemical stimuli. Here we show that in control mice LPA produces acute pain-like behaviors, which are substantially reduced in Trpv1-null animals. Our data also demonstrate that LPA activates TRPV1 through a unique mechanism that is independent of G protein-coupled receptors, contrary to what has been widely shown for other ion channels, by directly interacting with the C terminus of the channel. We conclude that TRPV1 is a direct molecular target of the pain-producing molecule LPA and that this constitutes, to our knowledge, the first example of LPA binding directly to an ion channel to acutely regulate its function.
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TRPV channels in tumor growth and progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 704:947-67. [PMID: 21290335 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels affect several physiological and pathological processes. In particular, TRP channels have been recently involved in the triggering of enhanced proliferation, aberrant differentiation, and resistance to apoptotic cell death leading to the uncontrolled tumor invasion. About thirty TRPs have been identified to date, and are classified in seven different families: TRPC (Canonical), TRPV (Vanilloid), TRPM (Melastatin), TRPML (Mucolipin), TRPP (Polycystin), and TRPA (Ankyrin transmembrane protein) and TRPN (NomPC-like). Among these channel families, the TRPC, TRPM, and TRPV families have been mainly correlated with malignant growth and progression. The aim of this review is to summarize data reported so far on the expression and the functional role of TRPV channels during cancer growth and progression. TRPV channels have been found to regulate cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration and invasion during tumor progression, and depending on the stage of the cancer, up- and down-regulation of TRPV mRNA and protein expression have been reported. These changes may have cancer promoting effects by increasing the expression of constitutively active TRPV channels in the plasma membrane of cancer cells by enhancing Ca(2+)-dependent proliferative response; in addition, an altered expression of TRPV channels may also offer a survival advantage, such as resistance of cancer cells to apoptotic-induced cell death. However, recently, a role of TRPV gene mutations in cancer development, and a relationship between the expression of specific TRPV gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and increased cancer risk have been reported. We are only at the beginning, a more deep studies on the physiopathology role of TRPV channels are required to understand the functional activity of these channels in cancer, to assess which TRPV proteins are associated with the development and progression of cancer and to develop further knowledge of TRPV proteins as valuable diagnostic and/or prognostic markers, as well as targets for pharmaceutical intervention and targeting in cancer.
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Malfitano AM, Ciaglia E, Gangemi G, Gazzerro P, Laezza C, Bifulco M. Update on the endocannabinoid system as an anticancer target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 15:297-308. [PMID: 21244344 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.553606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) could offer an attractive antitumor target. Numerous findings suggest the involvement of this system (constituted mainly by cannabinoid receptors, endogenous compounds and the enzymes for their synthesis and degradation) in cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. AREAS COVERED This review covers literature from the past decade which highlights the potential of targeting the ECS for cancer treatment. In particular, the levels of endocannabinoids and the expression of their receptors in several types of cancer are discussed, along with the signaling pathways involved in the endocannabinoid antitumor effects. Furthermore, the beneficial and adverse effects of old and novel compounds in clinical use are discussed. EXPERT OPINION One direction that should be pursued in antitumor therapy is to select compounds with reduced psychoactivity. This is known to be connected to the CB1 receptor; thus, targeting the CB2 receptor is a popular objective. CB1 receptors could be maintained as a target to design new compounds, and mixed CB1-CB2 ligands could be effective if they are able to not cross the BBB. Furthermore, targeting the ECS with agents that activate cannabinoid receptors or inhibitors of endogenous degrading systems such as fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors may have relevant therapeutic impact on tumor growth. Additional studies into the downstream consequences of endocannabinoid treatment are required and may illuminate other potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Malfitano
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Abstract
Ion channels and notably TRP channels play a crucial role in a variety of physiological functions and in addition these channels have been also shown associated with several diseases including cancer. The process of cancer initiation and progression involves the altered expression of one or more of TRP proteins, depending on the nature of the cancer. The most clearly described role in pathogenesis has been evidenced for TRPM8, TRPV6 and TRPM1 channels. The increased expression of some other channels, such as TRPV1, TRPC1, TRPC6, TRPM4, and TRPM5 has also been demonstrated in some cancers. Further investigations are required to precise the role of TRP channels in cancer development and/or progression and to specifically develop further knowledge of TRP proteins as discriminative markers and prospective targets for pharmaceutical intervention in treating cancer.
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Ding X, He Z, Shi Y, Wang Q, Wang Y. Targeting TRPC6 channels in oesophageal carcinoma growth. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 14:513-27. [DOI: 10.1517/14728221003733602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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