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Gropman AL, Porter GF, Lasutschinkow PC, Sadeghin T, Tipton ES, Powell S, Samango-Sprouse CA. Neurocognitive development and capabilities in boys with 49,XXXXY syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:3541-3546. [PMID: 32662248 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
49,XXXXY was previously associated with profound to severe intellectual deficits. However, prior research papers on the cognitive profiles of this population were confounded by small samples sizes, wide age spreads, and incomplete histories of testosterone replacement therapy. This study is the first comprehensive, international investigation of the neurocognitive aspects of 49,XXXXY, and the potential effects of biological treatment on this profile. Sixty-seven boys from infancy to 11 years of age were enrolled in this longitudinal study, with the majority of boys postnatally diagnosed though chromosomal analysis. These boys received a comprehensive neurocognitive evaluation tailored to specific language-based deficits and cognitive challenges. Results revealed higher neurocognitive capacities, both verbally and nonverbally, than previously reported in this disorder. Infant boys with 49,XXXXY who received early hormonal therapy (EHT) had significantly higher scores on the cognitive domain of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development than untreated infants (p = .013). In addition, treated school-aged participants had significantly better scaled scores than untreated boys in form completion (p = .042), a task that requires deductive reasoning, on nonverbal testing on the Leiter International Performance Scales. This study indicates greater cognitive capacities with a wide range of abilities in the child with 49,XXXXY, thus warranting further investigation to identify and understand the critical influences on the etiology and the variability of those capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Gropman
- Division of Neurogenetics and Developments Pediatrics, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Grace F Porter
- Research Department, The Focus Foundation, Davidsonville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Teresa Sadeghin
- Research Department, The Focus Foundation, Davidsonville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sherida Powell
- Department of Economics, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carole A Samango-Sprouse
- Research Department, The Focus Foundation, Davidsonville, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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Proximal tibiofibular synostosis with 49,XXXXY syndrome, a rare congenital bone anomaly. J Orthop Sci 2008; 13:390-5. [PMID: 18696202 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-008-1230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Kim HJ, Kim D, Shin JM, Chung HK, Lee G. 49,XXXXY Syndrome with Diabetes Mellitus. Horm Res Paediatr 2006; 65:14-7. [PMID: 16357485 DOI: 10.1159/000090327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
49,XXXXY syndrome is a rare sex chromosome aneuploidy and characterized by mental retardation, skeletal defects, craniofacial anomalies and hypogonadism. The increased frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with Klinefelter syndrome and other types of X-chromosome polysomy has been reported, but no cases of diabetes mellitus in adult with 49,XXXXY syndrome have been reported so far. We report an 18-year-old patient with 49,XXXXY syndrome accompanying diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
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Kleczkowska A, Fryns JP, Van den Berghe H. X-chromosome polysomy in the male. The Leuven experience 1966-1987. Hum Genet 1988; 80:16-22. [PMID: 3417301 DOI: 10.1007/bf00451449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A review of 569 male patients with X-chromosome polysomies (544 Klinefelter and 25 patients with other types of X-chromosome polysomy) is presented here. These patients were detected among the 77,000 persons karyotyped in the Leuven cytogenetic center between the years 1966 and 1987. In the group of 544 Klinefelter patients special attention was paid to (1) the age at diagnosis, (2) social and marital status of the postpubertal males, (3) physical and intellectual abilities of the prepubertal boys, (4) delineation of the concurrence of Klinefelter syndrome and fragile X syndrome, and (5) the frequency of malignancies. In 25 patients with other X-chromosome polysomies (2 n greater than or equal to 48 chromosomes) genotype/phenotype correlation is reviewed, especially for the patients with 48,XXYY and 49,XXXXY karyotypes. Finally, double aneuploidy and rare structural X-chromosome aberrations are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kleczkowska
- Centre for Human Genetics, U.Z. Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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Borghgraef M, Fryns JP, Smeets E, Marien J, van Den Berghe H. The 49,XXXXY syndrome. Clinical and psychological follow-up data. Clin Genet 1988; 33:429-34. [PMID: 3168316 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1988.tb03476.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this report we give a detailed description of the clinical and psychological follow-up data of three young 49,XXXXY males, paying special attention to changes in intellectual performance and behaviour at different ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Borghgraef
- Department of Human Biology U.Z. Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract
A second case of fetal XXXXY-syndrome detected by prenatal chromosome analysis is presented. The pathological findings include a facial aspect featuring fetal Down's syndrome, hypogenitalism and hypogonadism with excessive reduction of germ cells and also skeletal abnormalities that may be interpreted as early changes, preceding phalangeal shortening V and radioulnar synostosis.
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