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Xia P, Ji X, Yan L, Lian S, Chen Z, Luo Y. Roles of S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 in infection, inflammation and immunity. Immunology 2024; 171:365-376. [PMID: 38013255 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
S100 proteins are small proteins that are only expressed in vertebrates. They are widely expressed in many different cell types and are involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and tumorigenesis. As members of the S100 protein subfamily of myeloid-related proteins, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 play a crucial role in resisting microbial infection and maintaining immune homeostasis. These proteins chelate the necessary metal nutrients of pathogens invading the host by means of 'nutritional immunity' and directly inhibit the growth of pathogens in the host. They interact with receptors on the cell surface to initiate inflammatory signal transduction, induce cytokine expression and participate in the inflammatory response and immune regulation. Furthermore, the increased content of these proteins during the pathological process makes them useful as disease markers for screening and detecting related diseases. This article summarizes the structure and function of the proteins S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 and lays the foundation for further understanding their roles in infection, immunity and inflammation, as well as their potential applications in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xingduo Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Mejbri M, Renella R, Candotti F, Jaques C, Holzinger D, Hofer M, Theodoropoulou K. PSTPIP1-Associated Myeloid-Related Proteinemia Inflammatory (PAMI) Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1655. [PMID: 37628706 PMCID: PMC10454568 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PSTPIP1 (proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interactive protein 1)-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome, previously known as Hyperzincemia/Hypercalprotectinemia (Hz/Hc) syndrome, is a recently described, rare auto-inflammatory disorder caused by specific deleterious variants in the PSTPIP1 gene (p.E250K and p.E257K). The disease is characterized by chronic systemic inflammation, cutaneous and osteoarticular manifestations, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and neutropenia. Increased blood levels of MRP 8/14 and zinc distinguish this condition from other PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases (PAID). The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the disease phenotype, course, treatment, and outcome based on reported cases. This systematic review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines (2020) for reporting. A literature search was performed in Embase, Medline, and Web of Science on 13 October 2022. The quality of the case reports and case series was assessed using the JBI checklists. Out of the 43 included patients with PAMI syndrome, there were 24 females and 19 males. The median age at onset was 3.9 years. The main clinical manifestations included anemia (100%), neutropenia (98%), cutaneous manifestations (74%), osteoarticular manifestations (72%), splenomegaly (70%), growth failure (57%), fever (51%), hepatomegaly (56%), and lymphadenopathy (39%). Systemic inflammation was described in all patients. Marked elevation of zinc and MRP 8/14 blood levels were observed in all tested patients. Response to treatment varied and no consistently effective therapy was identified. The most common therapeutic options were corticosteroids (N = 30), anakinra (N = 13), cyclosporine A (N = 11), canakinumab (N = 6), and anti-TNF (N = 14). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been recently reported to be successful in five patients. Our review highlights the key characteristics of PAMI syndrome and the importance of considering this disease in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with early-onset systemic inflammation and cytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Mejbri
- Pediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Raffaele Renella
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Fabio Candotti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Cecile Jaques
- Medical Library, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Dirk Holzinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Hofer
- Pediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Katerina Theodoropoulou
- Pediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.M.); (M.H.)
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Whiteside BG, Titheradge H, Al-Abadi E. PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinaemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome; a case presenting as a perinatal event with early central nervous system involvement? Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:49. [PMID: 35840971 PMCID: PMC9288020 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a three-year-old girl with a potentially unique phenotype of perinatal onset and neurovascular features who was found to have PAMI syndrome. We also compare her case to those previously reported and review the differences between the PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases (PAID) phenotypes and genotypes. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was found to have a heterozygous pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (c.748G > A p.E250K). This variant was shown to be absent in both parents and therefore de novo in the patient. A literature review was carried out through multiple databases using the terms PSTPIP1, PAID, PAPA syndrome and PAMI syndrome. This information was collected and used to form comparisons between the current literature and our reported case. CONCLUSIONS Our case contributes to the literature on PAMI syndrome whilst providing an example of a potentially unique clinical phenotype, giving insight into the pre-symptomatic phase of the condition. We highlight the importance of considering PAMI syndrome in the differential for early onset unexplained inflammation. In addition, we explore the possibility that perinatal neurovascular events could be an early feature of PAMI syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Titheradge
- grid.498025.20000 0004 0376 6175Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eslam Al-Abadi
- grid.498025.20000 0004 0376 6175Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Huang X, Xu M, Dai S, Wang M, Zheng H, Zeng K, Li L. Rare cases of PAMI syndrome in both father and son with the same missense mutation in PSTPIP1 gene and literature review. J Dermatol 2021; 48:519-528. [PMID: 33458872 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinaemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome has been described as a rare and distinct clinical phenotype of PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases. We report PSTPIP1 mutation in both father and son who have leukopenia and acne-like lesions. Through whole-exome sequencing on blood DNA, it is found a heterozygous mutation of PSTPIP1 gene c.748G>A on the father and son. The diagnosis of PAMI is made based on DNA sequencing results and clinical characteristics of typical lesions, leukopenia, and the markedly increased serum S100A8/A9 (calprotectin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meinian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanxin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Resende LO, Jorge MFS, Schmitt JV. Extensive pyoderma gangrenosum-like lesions revealing a case of hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia: when to suspect it? An Bras Dermatol 2019; 94:713-716. [PMID: 31789267 PMCID: PMC6939081 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia is a rare inflammatory disease caused by a mutation in the PSTPIP1 gene, with a dysregulation of calprotectin metabolism. Calprotectin is a zinc-binding protein with antimicrobial properties and pro-inflammatory action. The authors report the case of a 20 year-old girl with cutaneous ulcers comparable with pyoderma gangrenosum, growth failure and chronic anemia, who was given the diagnosis of hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia. Measurement of serum zinc and calprotectin concentrations are indicated in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliano Vilaverde Schmitt
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Hashmi SK, Bergstrom K, Bertuch AA, Despotovic JM, Muscal E, Xia F, Bi W, Marcogliese A, Diaz R. PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory syndrome: A rare cause of childhood neutropenia associated with systemic inflammation and hyperzincemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27439. [PMID: 30198636 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neutropenia in pediatric patients can be due to a variety of disorders. We describe two patients who underwent extensive evaluation over many years for arthralgias and moderate neutropenia of unclear etiology. Genetic testing identified a pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1) in both patients. Markedly elevated inflammatory markers and zinc levels confirmed the rare diagnosis of PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome, tailoring treatment. Neutropenia is common in patients with PAMI syndrome. Unique mutations seen in PAMI syndrome may account for the specific phenotypic features of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman K Hashmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Katie Bergstrom
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alison A Bertuch
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jenny M Despotovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Eyal Muscal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Immunology/Allergy/Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Fan Xia
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Weimin Bi
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Rosa Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Xia C, Braunstein Z, Toomey AC, Zhong J, Rao X. S100 Proteins As an Important Regulator of Macrophage Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1908. [PMID: 29379499 PMCID: PMC5770888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The S100 proteins, a family of calcium-binding cytosolic proteins, have a broad range of intracellular and extracellular functions through regulating calcium balance, cell apoptosis, migration, proliferation, differentiation, energy metabolism, and inflammation. The intracellular functions of S100 proteins involve interaction with intracellular receptors, membrane protein recruitment/transportation, transcriptional regulation and integrating with enzymes or nucleic acids, and DNA repair. The S100 proteins could also be released from the cytoplasm, induced by tissue/cell damage and cellular stress. The extracellular S100 proteins, serving as a danger signal, are crucial in regulating immune homeostasis, post-traumatic injury, and inflammation. Extracellular S100 proteins are also considered biomarkers for some specific diseases. In this review, we will discuss the multi-functional roles of S100 proteins, especially their potential roles associated with cell migration, differentiation, tissue repair, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xia
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zachary Braunstein
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Amelia C Toomey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Xia C, Braunstein Z, Toomey AC, Zhong J, Rao X. S100 Proteins As an Important Regulator of Macrophage Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017. [PMID: 29379499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01908/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The S100 proteins, a family of calcium-binding cytosolic proteins, have a broad range of intracellular and extracellular functions through regulating calcium balance, cell apoptosis, migration, proliferation, differentiation, energy metabolism, and inflammation. The intracellular functions of S100 proteins involve interaction with intracellular receptors, membrane protein recruitment/transportation, transcriptional regulation and integrating with enzymes or nucleic acids, and DNA repair. The S100 proteins could also be released from the cytoplasm, induced by tissue/cell damage and cellular stress. The extracellular S100 proteins, serving as a danger signal, are crucial in regulating immune homeostasis, post-traumatic injury, and inflammation. Extracellular S100 proteins are also considered biomarkers for some specific diseases. In this review, we will discuss the multi-functional roles of S100 proteins, especially their potential roles associated with cell migration, differentiation, tissue repair, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xia
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zachary Braunstein
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Amelia C Toomey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Holzinger D, Fassl SK, de Jager W, Lohse P, Röhrig UF, Gattorno M, Omenetti A, Chiesa S, Schena F, Austermann J, Vogl T, Kuhns DB, Holland SM, Rodríguez-Gallego C, López-Almaraz R, Arostegui JI, Colino E, Roldan R, Fessatou S, Isidor B, Poignant S, Ito K, Epple HJ, Bernstein JA, Jeng M, Frankovich J, Lionetti G, Church JA, Ong PY, LaPlant M, Abinun M, Skinner R, Bigley V, Sachs UJ, Hinze C, Hoppenreijs E, Ehrchen J, Foell D, Chae JJ, Ombrello A, Aksentijevich I, Sunderkoetter C, Roth J. Single amino acid charge switch defines clinically distinct proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1)-associated inflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1337-45. [PMID: 26025129 PMCID: PMC6591125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia (Hz/Hc) is a distinct autoinflammatory entity involving extremely high serum concentrations of the proinflammatory alarmin myeloid-related protein (MRP) 8/14 (S100A8/S100A9 and calprotectin). OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the genetic cause and clinical spectrum of Hz/Hc. METHODS Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1) gene sequencing was performed in 14 patients with Hz/Hc, and their clinical phenotype was compared with that of 11 patients with pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome. PSTPIP1-pyrin interactions were analyzed by means of immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. A structural model of the PSTPIP1 dimer was generated. Cytokine profiles were analyzed by using the multiplex immunoassay, and MRP8/14 serum concentrations were analyzed by using an ELISA. RESULTS Thirteen patients were heterozygous for a missense mutation in the PSTPIP1 gene, resulting in a p.E250K mutation, and 1 carried a mutation resulting in p.E257K. Both mutations substantially alter the electrostatic potential of the PSTPIP1 dimer model in a region critical for protein-protein interaction. Patients with Hz/Hc have extremely high MRP8/14 concentrations (2045 ± 1300 μg/mL) compared with those with PAPA syndrome (116 ± 74 μg/mL) and have a distinct clinical phenotype. A specific cytokine profile is associated with Hz/Hc. Hz/Hc mutations altered protein binding of PSTPIP1, increasing interaction with pyrin through phosphorylation of PSTPIP1. CONCLUSION Mutations resulting in charge reversal in the y-domain of PSTPIP1 (E→K) and increased interaction with pyrin cause a distinct autoinflammatory disorder defined by clinical and biochemical features not found in patients with PAPA syndrome, indicating a unique genotype-phenotype correlation for mutations in the PSTPIP1 gene. This is the first inborn autoinflammatory syndrome in which inflammation is driven by uncontrolled release of members of the alarmin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Holzinger
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Wilco de Jager
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Department of Paediatric Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Lohse
- Department of Clinical Chemistry Großhadern, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute F Röhrig
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Gattorno
- 2nd Division of Pediatrics "G. Gaslini" Scientific Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Omenetti
- 2nd Division of Pediatrics "G. Gaslini" Scientific Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Chiesa
- 2nd Division of Pediatrics "G. Gaslini" Scientific Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Schena
- 2nd Division of Pediatrics "G. Gaslini" Scientific Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Judith Austermann
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Steven M Holland
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | | | | | - Juan I Arostegui
- Department of Immunology-CDB, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Colino
- Department of Paediatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rosa Roldan
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Smaragdi Fessatou
- 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, "ATTIKON" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | | | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hans-Joerg Epple
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Michael Jeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Jennifer Frankovich
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Geraldina Lionetti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Joseph A Church
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Peck Y Ong
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Mona LaPlant
- Children's Hospital and Clinics of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minn
| | - Mario Abinun
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Children's BMT Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rod Skinner
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology and Oncology and Children's BMT Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Northern Institute of Cancer Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Human Dendritic Cell Laboratory, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich J Sachs
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Claas Hinze
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Kinder-und Jugendrheumatologie, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Esther Hoppenreijs
- Department of Paediatrics/Paediatric Rheumatology, St Maartenskliniek and Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Ehrchen
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department for Translational Dermatoinfectiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dirk Foell
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jae Jin Chae
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Amanda Ombrello
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Cord Sunderkoetter
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department for Translational Dermatoinfectiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research IZKF, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
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Zackular JP, Chazin WJ, Skaar EP. Nutritional Immunity: S100 Proteins at the Host-Pathogen Interface. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18991-8. [PMID: 26055713 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.645085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The S100 family of EF-hand calcium (Ca(2+))-binding proteins is essential for a wide range of cellular functions. During infection, certain S100 proteins act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and interact with pattern recognition receptors to modulate inflammatory responses. In addition, these inflammatory S100 proteins have potent antimicrobial properties and are essential components of the immune response to invading pathogens. In this review, we focus on S100 proteins that exhibit antimicrobial properties through the process of metal limitation, termed nutritional immunity, and discuss several recent advances in our understanding of S100 protein-mediated metal sequestration at the site of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Zackular
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 and
| | - Walter J Chazin
- the Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Eric P Skaar
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 and
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The role of calprotectin in pediatric disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:542363. [PMID: 24175291 PMCID: PMC3794633 DOI: 10.1155/2013/542363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calprotectin (CP) is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein of the S100 family expressed mainly by neutrophils with important extracellular activity. The aim of the current review is to summarize the latest findings concerning the role of CP in a diverse range of inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions among children. Increasing evidence suggests the implication of CP in the diagnosis, followup, assessment of relapses, and response to treatment in pediatric pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, celiac disease, intestinal cystic fibrosis, acute appendicitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Kawasaki disease, polymyositis-dermatomyositis, glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, malaria, HIV infection, hyperzincemia and hypercalprotectinemia, and cancer. Further studies are required to provide insights into the actual role of CP in these pathological processes in pediatrics.
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Nutritional immunity: transition metals at the pathogen-host interface. Nat Rev Microbiol 2012; 10:525-37. [PMID: 22796883 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1050] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals occupy an essential niche in biological systems. Their electrostatic properties stabilize substrates or reaction intermediates in the active sites of enzymes, and their heightened reactivity is harnessed for catalysis. However, this heightened activity also renders transition metals toxic at high concentrations. Bacteria, like all living organisms, must regulate their intracellular levels of these elements to satisfy their physiological needs while avoiding harm. It is therefore not surprising that the host capitalizes on both the essentiality and toxicity of transition metals to defend against bacterial invaders. This Review discusses established and emerging paradigms in nutrient metal homeostasis at the pathogen-host interface.
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Ehrchen JM, Sunderkötter C, Foell D, Vogl T, Roth J. The endogenous Toll-like receptor 4 agonist S100A8/S100A9 (calprotectin) as innate amplifier of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2009; 86:557-66. [PMID: 19451397 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1008647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 608] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is crucial for initiation and amplification of inflammatory responses. During this process, phagocytes are activated by PAMPs that are recognized by PRRs. Phagocytes are also activated by endogenous danger signals called alarmins or DAMPs via partly specific, partly common PRRs. Two members of the S100 protein family, S100A8 and S100A9, have been identified recently as important endogenous DAMPs. The complex of S100A8 and S100A9 (also called calprotectin) is actively secreted during the stress response of phagocytes. The association of inflammation and S100A8/S100A9 was discovered more than 20 years ago, but only now are the molecular mechanisms involved in danger signaling by extracellular S100A8/S100A9 beginning to emerge. Taking advantage of mice lacking the functional S100A8/S100A9 complex, these molecules have been identified as endogenous activators of TLR4 and have been shown to promote lethal, endotoxin-induced shock. Importantly, S100A8/S100A9 is not only involved in promoting the inflammatory response in infections but was also identified as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread. This proinflammatory action of S100A8/S100A9 involves autocrine and paracrine mechanisms in phagocytes, endothelium, and other cells. As a net result, extravasation of leukocytes into inflamed tissues and their subsequent activation are increased. Thus, S100A8/S100A9 plays a pivotal role during amplification of inflammation and represents a promising new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Ehrchen
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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