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von Haehling S, Coats AJ, Anker SD. Ethical guidelines for publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle: Update 2023. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2981-2983. [PMID: 38148513 PMCID: PMC10751405 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) aims to publish articles with relevance to wasting disorders and illnesses of the muscle in the broadest sense. In order to avoid publication of inappropriate articles and to avoid protracted disputes, the Editors have established ethical guidelines that detail a number of regulations to be fulfilled prior to submission to the journal. This article updates the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in JCSM and its daughter journal JCSM Rapid Communication. We require the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, to certify adherence to the following principles: All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) approve publication in the journal; Each named author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication. No person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript; The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form; All authors certify that the submitted work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before the facts need to be acknowledged and these other publications must be referenced; All original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees; All relevant conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding of the research in question have been duly declared in the manuscript; All authors certify that they will submit the original source data to the editorial office upon request; Authors who have used artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies need to provide a written statement - as part of the manuscript - that details the use of the respective technology; none of the aforementioned technologies can be listed as an author; The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of the journal as a valid publication only as long as all statements in these guidelines remain true. If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify as soon as possible the Editor-in-Chief of the journal, so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and PneumologyUniversity of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner siteGöttingenGermany
| | - Andrew J.S. Coats
- San Raffaele Pisana Scientific Institute; 247, Via di Val CannutaRomeItaly
| | - Stefan D. Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK); and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site BerlinCharité UniversitätsmedizinBerlinGermany
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Sadeghi A, Tabatabaiee M, Mousavi MA, Mousavi SN, Abdollahi Sabet S, Jalili N. Dietary Pattern or Weight Loss: Which One Is More Important to Reduce Disease Activity Score in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Randomized Feeding Trial. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:6004916. [PMID: 35685522 PMCID: PMC9159180 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6004916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Herein, disease activity score 28 (DAS 28) was compared between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MD) and low-fat diet. Subjects/Methods. Overweight and obese RA patients aged 15-75 y participated in this randomized feeding trial. Participants were randomized to MD (n = 51) and low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (n = 53) for 12 weeks. The control group followed their regular diet (n = 50). Participants completed the form of tender and swollen joint counts before the study enrollment and after 12 weeks to compute DAS 28. Results Weight loss was not statistically significant between the MD and LF-HC groups. DAS 28 significantly decreased in MD compared to the LF-HC group (p=0.02) and controls (p=0.001). Adjusting for the baseline variables, MD reduced DAS 28 by 76% (95% CI = -0.45, -0.2; p=0.03) after 12 weeks of intervention. The baseline serum ESR level showed 99.8% effect on DAS 28 score at the end (95% CI = 0.014, 0.035; p < 0.001). Conclusions The MD showed beneficial effects on DAS 28 compared to the LF-HC diet in patients with RA, regardless of weight loss. It is a better dietary choice for pain reduction in patients with RA. The trial is registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20200929048876N2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sadeghi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Tabatabaiee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Mousavi
- Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Zanjan Metaboilc Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Somayae Abdollahi Sabet
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Jalili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
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Helgesson G, Radun I, Radun J, Nilsonne G. Editors publishing in their own journals: A systematic review of prevalence and a discussion of normative aspects. LEARNED PUBLISHING 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gert Helgesson
- Stockholm Centre for Healthcare Ethics (CHE), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Igor Radun
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jenni Radun
- Built Environment Research Group Turku University of Applied Sciences Turku Finland
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Psychology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- QUEST Center Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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Seifi S, Hoveidaei AH, Nakhostin-Ansari A. Respecting the Authors by Journals" Editorial Team: Doing a Favor or a Responsibility? Balkan Med J 2022; 39:76-77. [PMID: 35330548 PMCID: PMC8941245 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2021.2021-10-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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5
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von Haehling S, Coats AJS, Anker SD. Ethical guidelines for publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle: update 2021. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:2259-2261. [PMID: 34904399 PMCID: PMC8718061 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) aims to publish articles with relevance to wasting disorders and illnesses of the muscle in the broadest sense. In order to avoid publication of inappropriate articles and to avoid protracted disputes, the Editors have established ethical guidelines that detail a number of regulations to be fulfilled prior to submission to the journal. This article updates the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in JCSM and its two daughter journals JCSM Rapid Communication and JCSM Clinical Reports. We require the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, to certify adherence to the following principles: All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) approve publication in the journal; Each named author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication; No person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript; The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form; All authors certify that the submitted work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before the facts need to be acknowledged and these other publications must be referenced; All original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees; All relevant conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding of the research in question have been duly declared in the manuscript; All authors certify that they will submit the original source data to the editorial office upon request; The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of the journal as a valid publication only as long as all statements in these guidelines remain true; If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify as soon as possible the Editor-in-Chief of the journal, so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK), Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Publications in the field of medical literature are a matter of prestige and fame for doctors. While genuine research contributes to the existing scientific knowledge, fraudulent data make publication unreliable, demeans the credibility of the author and reduces faith in science. Research misconduct includes the three cardinal sins fabrication, falsification and plagiarism. To promote highest standards in publication ethics, Committee on Publication Ethics provides advice and guidance to journals and publishers. Investigators should abide by ethical norms during the conduct of the research. Journals also maintain editorial standards and have well-defined policies for responding to misconduct. With an increase in medical publications over the years, it is important for all stakeholders to abide by publication ethics, in order to uphold the sanctity of research and credence in science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry London
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Wanjiku Ndungu
- Digital Services Librarian, Kenyatta University Post Modern Library Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya
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Schöpf-Lazzarino AC, Böhm P, Garske U, Schlöffel M, Stoye A, Lamprecht J, Mau W, Farin E. Involving patients as research partners exemplified by the development and evaluation of a communication-skills training programme (KOKOS-Rheuma). Z Rheumatol 2021; 80:132-139. [PMID: 32676754 PMCID: PMC7929963 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite widespread recommendations for involving patient research partners (PRPs), there is little information about how patients have been involved in research. Our aim was to describe and assess the contributions of four PRPs in a project on communication-skills training funded by Deutsche Rheuma-Liga Bundesverband e. V. (German League Against Rheumatism [GLR] is a patient organisation for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases). The PRPs' participation was beneficial with regards to content and organisation. Thanks to their participation, we could enlarge our sample by over a third, and they contributed their own ideas to the training. Four PRPs added their perspective of various regional organisations. Outside this project, they were also very active within GLR and experienced in managing their rheumatic disease. To achieve more representativeness, future studies might also employ strategies to engage individuals with less experience in dealing with their disease, e.g. newly diagnosed patients. While the collaboration between PRPs and researchers proved very successful, more regular discussions about tasks and responsibilities would be worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Schöpf-Lazzarino
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 49, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of General Practice/Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Böhm
- Deutsche Rheuma-Liga Bundesverband e. V., Bonn, Germany
| | - U Garske
- Deutsche Rheuma-Liga Bundesverband e. V., Bonn, Germany
| | - M Schlöffel
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 49, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - A Stoye
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J Lamprecht
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - W Mau
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E Farin
- Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 49, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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Kazi S, Malinowski AK, Othman M. The delights and perils of publishing, knowledge-sharing and critique during a pandemic: Observations from COVID-19 coagulopathies. Thromb Res 2020; 192:37-39. [PMID: 32425263 PMCID: PMC7229916 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Kazi
- MSc Clinical Education Student, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Kinga Malinowski
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maha Othman
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St. Lawrence College, Kingston, Canada.
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Mrdjenovich AJ. Authors Disclosing Their Theistic Orientation in Journal Articles on Religion and Health? Infrequent, Informal, and Mostly Inconsistent with Conflict of Interest. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:651-680. [PMID: 31953788 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-00982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An international survey was conducted of authors (N = 288) in the religion-health (R-H) research field concerning the disclosure of their theistic orientation (T-O) (i.e., whether they believe in God[s], a Higher Power, or a universal spirit) in their journal articles. Most (74%) of the respondents said they never disclose their T-O in this context; e.g., because they feel the information is private (20%), irrelevant (36%), unimportant (56%), and/or likely to make them appear less credible (36%). Atheists were four times less likely than deists and gnostic theists were to disclose their T-O; authors who conducted experimental research and published more frequently were also less likely to disclose their T-O. When disclosure did occur, it was more likely to take place informally within the narrative of manuscripts. Most (66%) of the respondents did not view their T-O as a competing interest (CI). Agnostic theism and the absence of theistic belief were less likely to be experienced as CIs than gnostic theism, deism, and atheism were. The respondents predominantly disagreed both that T-O should be characterized as a CI (48%) and that authors in the R-H field should disclose their T-O as such (59%). Only 18% of the authors in this study who did perceive their T-O as a CI reported that they formally disclose that information to journals or publishers, while the majority (59%) of those authors said they never disclose the information in this context at all. The discussion focuses on reasons as to why authors might choose not to do so. Recommendations are offered for the R-H field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Mrdjenovich
- Office of Research (UMOR), University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 520, Office #1173, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
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12
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Goergen CJ, Neu CP. Special Issue: Annual Education Issue Writing a Review Article for Publication as Part of a Graduate Engineering Course. J Biomech Eng 2019; 140:2678256. [PMID: 30007030 DOI: 10.1115/1.4039879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig J Goergen
- Mem. ASME Bioengineering Division, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47906 e-mail:
| | - Corey P Neu
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309 e-mail:
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von Haehling S, Morley JE, Coats AJS, Anker SD. Ethical guidelines for publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle: update 2019. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:1143-1145. [PMID: 31661195 PMCID: PMC6818444 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This article details an updated version of the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) and its two daughter journals JCSM Rapid Communication and JCSM Clinical Reports. We request of all author sending to the journal a paper for consideration that at the time of submission to JCSM, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are as follows: all authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) approve publication in JCSM as provided; each named author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication; no person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript; the submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form; all authors certify that the submitted work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before the facts need to be acknowledged and these other publications must be referenced; all original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees; all relevant conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding of the research in question have been duly declared in the manuscript; the manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true. If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify as soon as possible the Editors of JCSM, JCSM Rapid Communication, and JCSM Clinical Reports, respectively, so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and PneumologyUniversity of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
| | - John E. Morley
- Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and EndocrinologySaint Louis University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | | | - Stefan D. Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK) and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site BerlinCharité UniversitätsmedizinBerlinGermany
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The Evolving Role of Commercial Publishers and the Future of Open Access Repositories: The Potential of Corporate Social Responsibility. PUBLISHING RESEARCH QUARTERLY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12109-019-09644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Riyanto S, Subagyo H, Marlina E, Yaniasih Y, Rodiah R. Development of collaboration matrix using co-occurrence and combinatoric system as scientometrics analysis. COLLNET JOURNAL OF SCIENTOMETRICS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09737766.2020.1723450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Slamet Riyanto
- Research Center for Informatics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
| | - Hendro Subagyo
- Center for Scientific Data and Documentation, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
| | - Ekawati Marlina
- Center for Scientific Data and Documentation, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
| | - Yaniasih Yaniasih
- Research Center for Informatics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
| | - Rodiah Rodiah
- Department of Informatics, Gunadarma University, Indonesia
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Youk S, Park HS. Where and what do they publish? Editors’ and editorial board members’ affiliated institutions and the citation counts of their endogenous publications in the field of communication. Scientometrics 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-019-03169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hamid ARAH, Widjaja FF. Moving forward without leaving the ethical standard of publication. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v28i1.3733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
[no abstract available]
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Ashfaq A, Kalagara R, Wasif N. H-index and academic rank in general surgery and surgical specialties in the United States. J Surg Res 2018; 229:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Astaneh B, Masoumi S. From Paper to Practice; Indexing Systems and Ethical Standards. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2018; 24:647-654. [PMID: 28401509 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-017-9899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently one of the main goals of editors is to attain a higher visibility for their journals. On the other hand, authors strive to publish their research in journals indexed in eminent databases such as Scopus, Thompson Reuters' Web of Science (ISI), Medline, etc. Therefore, clarifying the standards of indexing is of great importance. One of the most important issues in publication is the ethical considerations, which are mainly described by organizations, such as the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the Committee on Publication Ethics. In this study, we examined the ethical requirements of high impact databases for indexing journals to investigate whether they mention or mandate journals to adhere to publication ethics. We found that only Scopus mandated journals to state clear ethical policies on their website as a criterion for being indexed while Medline and Directory of Open Access Journals advised journals to adhere to ethics, not mandated, and Web of Science (ISI) and PubMed Central made no mention of ethics as a required criterion for indexing. Based on this short review, there seems to be a gap between the requirements of indexing systems and international guidelines for publication ethics. Currently, most indexing systems have only partially recommended journals to consider ethical issues. In such an atmosphere, we cannot expect journals or as a result, authors to professionally, completely, and whole heartedly implement ethical guidelines as a mandatory rule in their journals and research, when the indexing systems that most editors want to be indexed in and most authors want to be cited in do not mandate such guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Astaneh
- Department of Medical Journalism, School of Para-Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sarah Masoumi
- Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Room 24, 2nd Floor, Building No 1, Meshkinfam St, Shiraz, Iran.
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Wang X, Chen Y, Yao L, Zhou Q, Wu Q, Estill J, Wang Q, Yang K, Norris SL. Reporting of declarations and conflicts of interest in WHO guidelines can be further improved. J Clin Epidemiol 2017; 98:1-8. [PMID: 29292204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the declaration of interests (DOIs), management of conflict of interest (COI), and the funders for World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We examined all Guidelines Review Committee (GRC)-approved WHO guidelines published in English from January 2007 (inception of the GRC) to November 2016. We obtained a list of all such guidelines from the GRC Secretariat. Characteristics of guidelines including funders and individual contributors' DOI were independently extracted by two researchers. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between declarations and the number of organizations involved in development. RESULTS A total of 176 guidelines fulfilled inclusion criteria, encompassing 14 clinical or public health fields. Funders were reported in 128 (73%) of the guidelines: the most common were governments. DOI for external contributors were reported in 157 (89%) of the guidelines: 75 (48%) indicated no contributors with COI, 57 (36%) reported contributors with COI, and 25 (16%) reported collecting DOI but not whether COI existed. Financial COI were reported more frequently than nonfinancial COI. Of 57 guidelines that reported COI, 45 (79%) indicated how the COI were managed. CONCLUSION The majority of WHO guidelines reported their funding sources and the DOI and COI of external contributors in their guideline documents. However, there is a need for improvement, in particular for reporting of funders and their role, declaration processes, and management of COI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Liang Yao
- Clinical Research and Evidence-based Medicine Institute of the People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Basic Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiongfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Janne Estill
- Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Qi Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou 730000, China; Basic Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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von Haehling S, Morley JE, Coats AJS, Anker SD. Ethical guidelines for publishing in the journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle: update 2017. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:1081-1083. [PMID: 29098794 PMCID: PMC5700441 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article details an updated version of the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM). At the time of submission to JCSM, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are as follows: All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM. No person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript. Each author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication. The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form. All authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced. All original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees. All conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript. The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true. If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - John E Morley
- Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Endocrinology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | | | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Division of Cardiology and Metabolism - Heart Failure, Cachexia & Sarcopenia; Department of Cardiology (Campus Virchow-Klinikum); and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Brink E, Wamsler C, Adolfsson M, Axelsson M, Beery T, Björn H, Bramryd T, Ekelund N, Jephson T, Narvelo W, Ness B, Jönsson KI, Palo T, Sjeldrup M, Stålhammar S, Thiere G. On the road to 'research municipalities': analysing transdisciplinarity in municipal ecosystem services and adaptation planning. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2017; 13:765-784. [PMID: 30147790 PMCID: PMC6086284 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-017-0499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transdisciplinary research and collaboration is widely acknowledged as a critical success factor for solution-oriented approaches that can tackle complex sustainability challenges, such as biodiversity loss, pollution, and climate-related hazards. In this context, city governments' engagement in transdisciplinarity is generally seen as a key condition for societal transformation towards sustainability. However, empirical evidence is rare. This paper presents a self-assessment of a joint research project on ecosystem services and climate adaptation planning (ECOSIMP) undertaken by four universities and seven Swedish municipalities. We apply a set of design principles and guiding questions for transdisciplinary sustainability projects and, on this basis, identify key aspects for supporting university-municipality collaboration. We show that: (1) selecting the number and type of project stakeholders requires more explicit consideration of the purpose of societal actors' participation; (2) concrete, interim benefits for participating practitioners and organisations need to be continuously discussed; (3) promoting the 'inter', i.e., interdisciplinary and inter-city learning, can support transdisciplinarity and, ultimately, urban sustainability and long-term change. In this context, we found that design principles for transdisciplinarity have the potential to (4) mitigate project shortcomings, even when transdisciplinarity is not an explicit aim, and (5) address differences and allow new voices to be heard. We propose additional guiding questions to address shortcomings and inspire reflexivity in transdisciplinary projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Brink
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Lund University Centre of Excellence for Integration of Social and Natural Dimensions of Sustainability (LUCID), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Christine Wamsler
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Adolfsson
- Department of Sustainable Development, Trelleborg Municipality, Algatan 13, 231 83 Trelleborg, Sweden
| | - Monica Axelsson
- Department for Environment and Urban Planning, Kristianstad Municipality, 291 80 Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Thomas Beery
- School of Education and Environment, Kristianstad University, 291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden
- Minnesota Sea Grant, University of Minnesota Duluth, 31 W College St, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - Helena Björn
- Department of Sustainable Development (Planning Section), Lomma Municipality, 234 81 Lomma, Sweden
| | - Torleif Bramryd
- Environmental Strategy, ISM, Lund University, Campus Helsingborg, P.O. Box 882, 251 08 Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Nils Ekelund
- Department of Science, Environment, Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Therese Jephson
- Research and Development, Scania Association of Local Authorities (SALA), Box 53, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Widar Narvelo
- Comprehensive Planning Unit, City Planning and Technical Services Department, Helsingborg municipality, 251 89 Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Barry Ness
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - K. Ingemar Jönsson
- School of Education and Environment, Kristianstad University, 291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Thomas Palo
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, SLU Umeå, 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sjeldrup
- City Planning Department, Bjuv Municipality, Box 501, 267 25 Bjuv, Sweden
| | - Sanna Stålhammar
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Lund University Centre of Excellence for Integration of Social and Natural Dimensions of Sustainability (LUCID), P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Geraldine Thiere
- Department of Sustainable Development (Planning Section), Lomma Municipality, 234 81 Lomma, Sweden
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Tarkang EE, Kweku M, Zotor FB. Publication Practices and Responsible Authorship: A Review Article. J Public Health Afr 2017; 8:723. [PMID: 28748064 PMCID: PMC5510206 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2017.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of research findings through the publication of one's work or a group of contributors is an important part of the research process, as this allows the passing on of benefits to a much wider community. In whatever evocative form this dissemination may take, the onus lies on the author(s) to ensure adherence to the code of ethics as it pertains to the integrity of the information being put out. We publish because we want our findings to be adapted into practice and application, or in some cases may be relevant to policy makers in decision-making. To a large extent in the field of academia, successful publication improves opportunities for academic funding and promotion whilst enhancing scientific and scholarly achievement and repute. A situation may be compromised where intellectual contributions to a scientific investigation do not adhere to the four key guidelines of scholarship, authorship, approval and agreement as well as the protocols of ensuring good publication ethics. The objective of this review is to lay emphasis on universal standards for manuscript authorship and to fostering good practices. This in our view will bring authorship credit and accountability to the attention of our colleagues and readers at large. To achieve this, a systematic and critical review of the literature was undertaken. Electronic databases, academic journals and books from various sources were accessed. Several key search terms relating to responsible authorship, common authorship malpractices, conflict of interest, universal publication guidelines and other authorship related issues, were used. Only references deemed useful from relevant texts and journal articles were included. In this paper, the authors have sought to highlight the pitfalls researchers sometimes entangle themselves within an act of compromise thereby impinging on the ethical and professional responsibilities for the content of a paper under consideration. This article presents the case that authorship has a strong currency that brings not only personal satisfaction but also career rewards based on publication counting. In all cases described here, a universal standard for manuscript authorship will be critical in fostering good practices. As you write and review manuscripts, keep these good practices in mind, and consider ways to bring authorship credit and accountability to the attention of your colleagues and readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis E. Tarkang
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
- HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Network, Kumba, Cameroon
| | - Margaret Kweku
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana
| | - Francis B. Zotor
- Departments of Family and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana
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Ligon BL, Turner TL, Thammasitboon S. Highlighting common pitfalls to avoid when writing the medical education manuscript. MEDEDPUBLISH 2017; 6:94. [PMID: 38406396 PMCID: PMC10885260 DOI: 10.15694/mep.2017.000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Medical educators have an unprecedented opportunity to advance the field through dissemination of their work in academic publications. Also, their advancement may depend heavily on the number of publications. However, writing is, for many medical educators, a daunting task. Fortunately, authors have provided valuable articles and tips on the "how-to" of writing, and faculty development workshops have provided venues during which one can write a basic paper. These all are valuable, but they do not cover some of the unforeseen potential problems associated with publishing. Hence, we offer common pitfalls that the unsuspecting author will want to avoid, grouped into four categories--ethics of publishing, aims of discourse, setting boundaries, and accountability--in a reflective framework that most educators will recognize. These highlights should better equip novice medical educators, provide insights for experienced medical education mentors, and enhance the likelihood that the scholarly work will be published.
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Vaught M, Jordan DC, Bastian H. Concern noted: A descriptive study of editorial expressions of concern in PubMed and PubMed Central. Res Integr Peer Rev 2017; 2:10. [PMID: 28758029 PMCID: PMC5526611 DOI: 10.1186/s41073-017-0030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An editorial expression of concern (EEoC) is issued by editors or publishers to draw attention to potential problems in a publication, without itself constituting a retraction or correction. METHODS We searched PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and Google Scholar to identify EEoCs issued for publications in PubMed and PMC up to 22 August 2016. We also searched the archives of the Retraction Watch blog, some journal and publisher websites, and studies of EEoCs. In addition, we searched for retractions of EEoCs and affected articles in PubMed up to 8 December 2016. We analyzed overall historical trends, as well as reported reasons and subsequent editorial actions related to EEoCs issued between August 2014 and August 2016. RESULTS After screening 5,076 records, we identified 230 EEoCs that affect 300 publications indexed in PubMed, the earliest issued in 1985. Half of the primary EEoCs were issued between 2014 and 2016 (52%). We found evidence of some EEoCs that had been removed by the publisher without leaving a record and some were not submitted for PubMed or PMC indexing. A minority of publications affected by EEoCs had been retracted by early December 2016 (25%). For the subset of 92 EEoCs issued between August 2014 and August 2016, affecting 99 publications, the rate of retraction was similar (29%). The majority of EEoCs were issued because of concerns with validity of data, methods, or interpretation of the publication (68%), and 31% of cases remained open. Issues with images were raised in 40% of affected publications. Ongoing monitoring after the study identified another 17 EEoCs to year's end in 2016, increasing the number of EEoCs to 247 and publications in PubMed known to be affected by EEoCs to 320 at the end of 2016. CONCLUSIONS EEoCs have been rare publishing events in the biomedical literature, but their use has been increasing. Most have not led to retractions, and many remain unresolved. Lack of prominence and inconsistencies in management of EEoCs reduce the ability of these notices to alert the scientific community to potentially serious problems in publications. EEoCs will be made identifiable in PubMed in 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Vaught
- PubMed Commons, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Diana C. Jordan
- PubMed Commons, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Hilda Bastian
- PubMed Commons, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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Abstract
Background The annual number of retracted publications in the scientific literature is rapidly increasing. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and reason for retraction of cancer publications and to determine how journals in the cancer field handle retracted articles. Methods We searched three online databases (MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library) from database inception until 2015 for retracted journal publications related to cancer research. For each article, the reason for retraction was categorized as plagiarism, duplicate publication, fraud, error, authorship issues, or ethical issues. Accessibility of the retracted article was defined as intact, removed, or available but with a watermark over each page. Descriptive data was collected on each retracted article including number of citations, journal name and impact factor, study design, and time between publication and retraction. The publications were screened in duplicated and two reviewers extracted and categorized data. Results Following database search and article screening, we identified 571 retracted cancer publications. The majority (76.4%) of cancer retractions were issued in the most recent decade, with 16.6 and 6.7% of the retractions in the prior two decades respectively. Retractions were issued by journals with impact factors ranging from 0 (discontinued) to 55.8. The average impact factor was 5.4 (median 3.54, IQR 1.8-5.5). On average, a retracted article was cited 45 times (median 18, IQR 6-51), with a range of 0-742. Reasons for retraction include plagiarism (14.4%), fraud (28.4%), duplicate publication (18.2%), error (24.2%), authorship issues (3.9%), and ethical issues (2.1%). The reason for retraction was not stated in 9.8% of cases. Twenty-nine percent of retracted articles remain available online in their original form. Conclusions Retractions in cancer research are increasing in frequency at a similar rate to all biomedical research retractions. Cancer retractions are largely due to academic misconduct. Consequences to cancer patients, the public at large, and the research community can be substantial and should be addressed with future research. Despite the implications of this important issue, some cancer journals currently fall short of the current guidelines for clearly stating the reason for retraction and identifying the publication as retracted.
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Terrorism, Radicalisation, Extremism, Authoritarianism and Fundamentalism: A Systematic Review of the Quality and Psychometric Properties of Assessments. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166947. [PMID: 28002457 PMCID: PMC5176288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, terrorism and suicide bombing are global psychosocial processes that attracts a growing number of psychological and psychiatric contributions to enhance practical counter-terrorism measures. The present study is a systematic review that explores the methodological quality reporting and the psychometric soundness of the instruments developed to identify risk factors of terrorism, extremism, radicalisation, authoritarianism and fundamentalism. Method A systematic search strategy was established to identify instruments and studies developed to screen individuals at risk of committing extremist or terrorist offences using 20 different databases across the fields of law, medicine, psychology, sociology and politics. Information extracted was consolidated into two different tables and a 26-item checklist, reporting respectively background information, the psychometric properties of each tool, and the methodological quality markers of these tools. 37 articles met our criteria, which included a total of 4 instruments to be used operationally by professionals, 17 tools developed as research measures, and 9 inventories that have not been generated from a study. Results Just over half of the methodological quality markers required for a transparent methodological description of the instruments were reported. The amount of reported psychological properties was even fewer, with only a third of them available across the different studies. The category presenting the least satisfactory results was that containing the 4 instruments to be used operationally by professionals, which can be explained by the fact that half of them refrained from publishing the major part of their findings and relevant guidelines. Conclusions A great number of flaws have been identified through this systematic review. The authors encourage future researchers to be more thorough, comprehensive and transparent in their methodology. They also recommend the creation of a multi-disciplinary joint working group in order to best tackle this growing contemporary problem.
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Probst P, Grummich K, Klaiber U, Knebel P, Ulrich A, Büchler MW, Diener MK. Conflicts of interest in randomised controlled surgical trials: systematic review and qualitative and quantitative analysis. Innov Surg Sci 2016; 1:33-39. [PMID: 31579716 PMCID: PMC6753986 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Conflicts of interest may lead to biased trial designs and unbalanced interpretation of study results. We aimed to evaluate the reporting of potential conflicts of interest in full publications of surgical randomised controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic literature search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE (1985-2014) to find all surgical RCTs of medical devices and perioperative pharmacological or nutritional interventions. The information on conflicts of interest was evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively, and the development of stated conflicts over time was studied. Of 7934 articles, 444 met the inclusion criteria. In 93 of 444 trials (20.9%), conflicts of interest were disclosed. In half of the cases, the information provided was insufficient to permit conclusions regarding possible influence on the trials. Information about conflicts of interest has increased continuously during the last decades (1985-1994: 0%, 1995-2004: 2.8% and 2005-2014: 33.0%; p<0.001). Among the 115 industry-funded trials, industry participation was considered as a potential conflict of interest in 24 cases (20.9%). Over the past three decades, only every 10th trial has provided appropriate information on conflicts of interest. However, transparency is crucial for the reliability of evidence-based medicine. There is an urgent need for the full disclosure of all conflicts of interest in surgical publishing and for transparency regarding cooperation between academia and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Probst
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- The Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Grummich
- The Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulla Klaiber
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- The Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Phillip Knebel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- The Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus W. Büchler
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus K. Diener
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- The Study Center of the German Surgical Society (SDGC), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lipworth W, Axler R. Towards a bioethics of innovation. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2016; 42:445-449. [PMID: 27015740 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2015-103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it has become almost axiomatic that biomedical research and clinical practice should be 'innovative'-that is, that they should be always evolving and directed towards the production, translation and implementation of new technologies and practices. While this drive towards innovation in biomedicine might be beneficial, it also raises serious moral, legal, economic and sociopolitical questions that require further scrutiny. In this article, we argue that biomedical innovation needs to be accompanied by a dedicated 'bioethics of innovation' that attends systematically to the goals, process and outcomes of biomedical innovation as objects of critical inquiry. Using the example of personalised or precision medicine, we then suggest a preliminary framework for a bioethics of innovation, based on the research policy initiative of 'Responsible Innovation'. We invite and encourage critiques of this framework and hope that this will provoke a challenging and enriching new bioethical discourse.
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Arumugam A, Aldhafiri FK. A researcher’s ethical dilemma: Is self-plagiarism a condemnable practice or not? Physiother Theory Pract 2016; 32:427-429. [DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2016.1185894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashokan Arumugam
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad K. Aldhafiri
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Newson AJ, Lipworth W. Why should ethics approval be required prior to publication of health promotion research? Health Promot J Austr 2016; 26:170-175. [PMID: 26548539 DOI: 10.1071/he15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Most academic journals that publish studies involving human participants require evidence that the research has been approved by a human research ethics committee (HREC). Yet journals continue to receive submissions from authors who have failed to obtain such approval. In this paper, we provide an ethical justification of why journals should not, in general, publish articles describing research that has no ethics approval, with particular attention to the health promotion context. METHODS Using theoretical bioethical reasoning and drawing on a case study, we first rebut some potential criticisms of the need for research ethics approval. We then outline four positive claims to justify a presumption that research should, in most instances, be published only if it has been undertaken with HREC approval. RESULTS We present four justifications for requiring ethics approval before publication: (1) HREC approval adds legitimacy to the research; (2) the process of obtaining HREC approval can improve the quality of an intervention being investigated; (3) obtaining HREC approval can help mitigate harm; and (4) obtaining HREC approval demonstrates respect for persons. CONCLUSION This paper provides a systematic and comprehensive assessment of why research ethics approval should generally be obtained before publishing in the health promotion context. So what? Journals such as the Health Promotion Journal of Australia have recently begun to require research ethics approval for publishing research. Health promotion researchers will be interested in learning the ethical justification for this change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley J Newson
- Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine, Level 1, Medical Foundation Building K25, 92-4 Parramatta Road, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Wendy Lipworth
- Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine, Level 1, Medical Foundation Building K25, 92-4 Parramatta Road, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Boffito DC, Patience CA, Patience PA, Bertrand F, Patience GS. How do you write and present research well? 8 - Assign authorship according to intellectual involvement. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria C. Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Polytechnique Montréal; C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Christian A. Patience
- Deparment of Mechanical Engineering; McGill University; 3610 University Street Montreal QC H3A 2B2 Canada
| | - Paul A. Patience
- Department of Electrical Engineering; Polytechnique Montréal; C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - François Bertrand
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Polytechnique Montréal; C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Gregory S. Patience
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Polytechnique Montréal; C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
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Bradbury AG, Clutton RE. Are neuromuscular blocking agents being misused in laboratory pigs? Br J Anaesth 2016; 116:476-85. [PMID: 26934943 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature (2012-4) describing experimental pig surgery was reviewed to estimate the extent to which neuromuscular block (NMB) is used, to examine methods for ensuring unconsciousness, and to identify the rationale for use of NMB and establish the anaesthetist's training. In the first stage of a two-stage review, NMB use was estimated using Web of Knowledge to identify articles describing NMB during pig surgeries. In the second stage, PubMed and Google Scholar were used to increase the number of articles for determining measures taken to prevent accidental awareness during general anaesthesia (AAGA). The corresponding authors of screened articles were emailed four times to establish the reason for using NMB and the anaesthetists' backgrounds (medical, veterinary, or technical). The first search revealed NMB use in 80 of 411 (20%) studies. Of the 153 articles analysed in the second stage, two described strategies to reduce AAGA. Some (6%) papers did not provide information on anaesthetic doses; citations supporting anaesthetic efficacy were found in only 13. Five of 69 papers using inhalation agents measured end-tidal anaesthetic concentrations based on human, not porcine, minimal alveolar concentrations. The methods in 13% of articles reporting anaesthetic depth assessment were incomplete or questionable, or both; four described using somatic motor reflexes. Corresponding authors of 121 articles reported that the principal reason for NMB was improved 'surgical visualization' (26%). Medical or veterinary anaesthetists supervised anaesthesia in 70% of studies; non-anaesthetists provided NMB, unsupervised, in 23. Nine respondents prioritized experimental expediency over pig welfare. In laboratory pig studies, AAGA may be prevalent; reported details of its attempted prevention are woefully inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Bradbury
- Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals, Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - R E Clutton
- Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals, Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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von Haehling S, Morley JE, Coats AJS, Anker SD. Ethical guidelines for publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle: update 2015. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015; 6:315-6. [PMID: 26672494 PMCID: PMC4670739 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article details the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM). At the time of submission to JCSM, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are as follows: (i) all authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM; (ii) no person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript; (iii) no person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript; (iv) the submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form; (v) all authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced; (vi) all original research work are approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees; (vii) all conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript; (viii) the manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true; and (ix) If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan von Haehling
- Innovative Clinical Trials, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG) Göttingen, Germany
| | - John E Morley
- Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Endocrinology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- Monash University, Australia and University of Warwick Warwick, UK
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Innovative Clinical Trials, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG) Göttingen, Germany
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Disclosures, conflict of interest, and funding issues in urogynecology articles: a bibliometric study. Int Urogynecol J 2015; 26:1503-7. [PMID: 25990207 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-015-2727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS The ethical behavior of authors, editors, and journals is increasingly placed in the spotlight, by both the public and the research community. Disclosures and conflict of interest (COI) statements of publishing authors represent one important aspect. We aimed to unravel the current management of disclosures, COI, and funding statements in the subspecialty urogynecology. METHODS A bibliometric study was carried out. We included six journals that published urogynecology articles between January and December 2013. All original articles, reviews, and opinion articles were assessed for the presence of disclosure/COI and funding statements. Information given on the official disclosure form was compared with information given in the final article (International Urogynecology Journal). RESULTS All journals investigated require disclosure and funding statements in their instructions to authors. Of the 434 articles included, almost all contained a disclosure statement (98-100 %). Funding statements were present in 41-100 % of articles, indicating a difference in journal type (50 % on average among urogynecology journals; 75 % on average among general gynecology journals). The main source of funding was "grants" (58 %), followed by "none" (16 %), "industry" (16 %), and lastly "hospital/university" (10 %). Disclosure statements in the article were identical to the official disclosure form in 80 % (IUJ). CONCLUSIONS Disclosure/COI statements were included in almost all urogynecology articles investigated. Their content, however, is sometimes incomplete and should possibly be monitored more closely by journals and authors. Despite universal requirements of journals, the reporting of funding seems inconsistent. This issue in addition to the completeness of disclosures should be given more attention.
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Peer review processes and related issues in scholarly journals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:21. [PMID: 25890255 PMCID: PMC4358715 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-015-0099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Graf C, Deakin L, Docking M, Jones J, Joshua S, McKerahan T, Ottmar M, Stevens A, Wates E, Wyatt D. Best practice guidelines on publishing ethics: a publisher's perspective, 2nd edition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:370-387. [PMID: 25330311 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wiley has updated its publishing ethics guidelines, first published in 2006. These new guidelines provide guidance, resources, and practical advice on ethical concerns that arise in academic publishing for editors, authors, and researchers, among other audiences. New guidance is included about whistle blowers, animal research, clinical research, and clinical trial registration, addressing cultural differences, human rights, and confidentiality. The guidelines are uniquely interdisciplinary, and were reviewed by 24 editors and experts chosen from the wide range of communities that Wiley serves. These guidelines are also published in: Headache, International Journal of Clinical Practice, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Social Science Quarterly, and on the website http://exchanges.wiley.com/ethicsguidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Graf
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
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Bowman JD. Predatory publishing, questionable peer review, and fraudulent conferences. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2014; 78:176. [PMID: 25657363 PMCID: PMC4315198 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe7810176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Open-access is a model for publishing scholarly, peer-reviewed journals on the Internet that relies on sources of funding other than subscription fees. Some publishers and editors have exploited the author-pays model of open-access, publishing for their own profit. Submissions are encouraged through widely distributed e-mails on behalf of a growing number of journals that may accept many or all submissions and subject them to little, if any, peer review or editorial oversight. Bogus conference invitations are distributed in a similar fashion. The results of these less than ethical practices might include loss of faculty member time and money, inappropriate article inclusions in curriculum vitae, and costs to the college or funding source.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Bowman
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Kingsville, Texas
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Graf C, Deakin L, Docking M, Jones J, Joshua S, McKerahan T, Ottmar M, Stevens A, Wates E, Wyatt D. Best practice guidelines on publishing ethics: a publisher's perspective, 2nd edition. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:1410-28. [PMID: 25329600 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wiley has updated its publishing ethics guidelines, first published in 2006. The new guidelines provide guidance, resources and practical advice on ethical concerns that arise in academic publishing for editors, authors and researchers, among other audiences. New guidance is also included on whistle blowers, animal research, clinical research and clinical trial registration, addressing cultural differences, human rights and confidentiality. The guidelines are uniquely interdisciplinary, and were reviewed by 24 editors and experts chosen from the wide range of communities that Wiley serves. They are also published in Advanced Materials, Headache, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Social Science Quarterly, and on the website http://exchanges.wiley.com/ethicsguidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Graf
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK
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Graf C, Deakin L, Docking M, Jones J, Joshua S, McKerahan T, Ottmar M, Stevens A, Wates E, Wyatt D. Best practice guidelines on publishing ethics: a publisher's perspective, 2nd edition. Headache 2014; 54:1619-43. [PMID: 25327898 DOI: 10.1111/head.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wiley has updated its publishing ethics guidelines, first published in 2006. The new guidelines provide guidance, resources, and practical advice on ethical concerns that arise in academic publishing for editors, authors, and researchers, among other audiences. New guidance is also included on whistle blowers, animal research, clinical research, and clinical trial registration, addressing cultural differences, human rights, and confidentiality. The guidelines are uniquely interdisciplinary, and were reviewed by 24 editors and experts chosen from the wide range of communities that Wiley serves. They are also published in Advanced Materials, International Journal of Clinical Practice, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Social Science Quarterly, and on the website http://exchanges.wiley.com/ethicsguidelines.
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Graf C, Deakin L, Docking M, Jones J, Joshua S, McKerahan T, Ottmar M, Stevens A, Wates E, Wyatt D. Best practice guidelines on publishing ethics: a publisher's perspective, 2nd edition. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1334 Suppl 1:e1-e23. [PMID: 25329711 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wiley has updated its publishing ethics guidelines, first published in 2006. The new guidelines provide guidance, resources, and practical advice on ethical concerns that arise in academic publishing for editors, authors, and researchers, among other audiences. New guidance is also included on whistle blowers, animal research, clinical research, and clinical trial registration, addressing cultural differences, human rights, and confidentiality. The guidelines are uniquely interdisciplinary and were reviewed by 24 editors and experts chosen from the wide range of communities that Wiley serves. The new guidelines are also published in Advanced Materials, Headache, International Journal of Clinical Practice, Social Science Quarterly, and on the website http://exchanges.wiley.com/ethicsguidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Graf
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Deakin
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jackie Jones
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Joshua
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Allen Stevens
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Wates
- John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Wyatt
- John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, Camberwell, VIC 3124, Australia
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Masic I, Hodzic A, Mulic S. Ethics in medical research and publication. Int J Prev Med 2014; 5:1073-82. [PMID: 25317288 PMCID: PMC4192767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To present the basic principles and standards of Ethics in medical research and publishing, as well as the need for continuing education in the principles and ethics in science and publication in biomedicine. An analysis of relevant materials and documents, sources from the published literature. Investing in education of researches and potential researches, already in the level of medical schools. Educating them on research ethics, what constitutes research misconduct and the seriousness of it repercussion is essential for finding a solution to this problem and ensuring careers are constructed on honesty and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izet Masic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Correspondence to: Prof. Izet Masic, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Cekalusa 90/4, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina. E-mail:
| | - Ajla Hodzic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Smaila Mulic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Gerhardt LM, Dal Pai D, Gouveia HG, Azzolin KDO. Peer reviewer: what commitment is that? Rev Gaucha Enferm 2014; 35:12-3, 8-11. [PMID: 25158454 DOI: 10.1590/1983-14470201400200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Anthony MK. International Publications: Tips for Authors. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-07072014000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Dutta A, Sethi N, Choudhary P. ‘State-of-the-art general anaesthesia’ compared with ‘standard-of-care spinal anaesthesia’ for unilateral knee arthroplasty: ethics and philosophical considerations. Br J Anaesth 2014; 112:765-6. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Odierna DH, Forsyth SR, White J, Bero LA. The cycle of bias in health research: a framework and toolbox for critical appraisal training. Account Res 2014; 20:127-41. [PMID: 23432773 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2013.768931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Recognizing bias in health research is crucial for evidence-based decision making. We worked with eight community groups to develop materials for nine modular, individualized critical appraisal workshops we conducted with 102 consumers (four workshops), 43 healthcare providers (three workshops), and 33 journalists (two workshops) in California. We presented workshops using a "cycle of bias" framework, and developed a toolbox of presentations, problem-based small group sessions, and skill-building materials to improve participants' ability to evaluate research for financial and other conflicts of interest, bias, validity, and applicability. Participant feedback indicated that the adaptability of the toolbox and our focus on bias were critical elements in the success of our workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna H Odierna
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, San Francisco, California 94118, USA
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I publish in I edit?--Do editorial board members of urologic journals preferentially publish their own scientific work? PLoS One 2013; 8:e83709. [PMID: 24386258 PMCID: PMC3873965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientists who are members of an editorial board have been accused of preferentially publishing their scientific work in the journal where they serve as editor. Reputation and academic standing do depend on an uninterrupted flow of published scientific work and the question does arise as to whether publication mainly occurs in the self-edited journal. This investigation was designed to determine whether editorial board members of five urological journals were more likely to publish their research reports in their own rather than in other journals. A retrospective analysis was conducted for all original reports published from 2001-2010 by 65 editorial board members nominated to the boards of five impact leading urologic journals in 2006. Publications before editorial board membership, 2001-2005, and publications within the period of time as an editorial board member, 2006-2010, were identified. The impact factors of the journals were also recorded over the time period 2001-2010 to see whether a change in impact factor correlated with publication locality. In the five journals as a whole, scientific work was not preferentially published in the journal in which the scientists served as editor. However, significant heterogeneity among the journals was evident. One journal showed a significant increase in the amount of published papers in the 'own' journal after assumption of editorship, three journals showed no change and one journal showed a highly significant decrease in publishing in the 'own' journal after assumption of editorship.
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Al Lamki L. Ethics in Scientific Publication: Plagiarism and other Scientific Misconduct. Oman Med J 2013; 28:379-81. [PMID: 24223239 PMCID: PMC3815855 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2013.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lamk Al Lamki
- Editor-in-Chief, SQU Med J; Professor of Radiology Advisor to the Vice Chancellor on Health Affairs Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Padulo J, Oliva F, Frizziero A, Maffulli N. Muscle, Ligaments and Tendons Journal. Basic principles and recommendations in clinical and field science research. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2013; 3:250-252. [PMID: 24596686 PMCID: PMC3940496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The design, implementation, evaluation, interpretation and report of research is a key important for the science. The research required minimize the uncertainty, therefore we encourage all authors of respect how much can possible the contents in this official editorial also in order to stimulate interest and debate about constructive change in the use of statistics in our disciplines1,2. Authors are required to confirm that these standards and laws have been adhered to by formally citing this editorial within the methods section of their own manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Padulo
- National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Frizziero
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine Queen Mary University of London Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital London, UK; Head of Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Salerno, Italy
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Bosch X, Hernández C, Pericas JM, Doti P, Marušić A. Misconduct policies in high-impact biomedical journals. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51928. [PMID: 23284820 PMCID: PMC3526485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is not clear which research misconduct policies are adopted by biomedical journals. This study assessed the prevalence and content policies of the most influential biomedical journals on misconduct and procedures for handling and responding to allegations of misconduct. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of misconduct policies of 399 high-impact biomedical journals in 27 biomedical categories of the Journal Citation Reports in December 2011. Journal websites were reviewed for information relevant to misconduct policies. Results Of 399 journals, 140 (35.1%) provided explicit definitions of misconduct. Falsification was explicitly mentioned by 113 (28.3%) journals, fabrication by 104 (26.1%), plagiarism by 224 (56.1%), duplication by 242 (60.7%) and image manipulation by 154 (38.6%). Procedures for responding to misconduct were described in 179 (44.9%) websites, including retraction, (30.8%) and expression of concern (16.3%). Plagiarism-checking services were used by 112 (28.1%) journals. The prevalences of all types of misconduct policies were higher in journals that endorsed any policy from editors’ associations, Office of Research Integrity or professional societies compared to those that did not state adherence to these policy-producing bodies. Elsevier and Wiley-Blackwell had the most journals included (22.6% and 14.8%, respectively), with Wiley journals having greater a prevalence of misconduct definition and policies on falsification, fabrication and expression of concern and Elsevier of plagiarism-checking services. Conclusions Only a third of top-ranking peer-reviewed journals had publicly-available definitions of misconduct and less than a half described procedures for handling allegations of misconduct. As endorsement of international policies from policy-producing bodies was positively associated with implementation of policies and procedures, journals and their publishers should standardize their policies globally in order to increase public trust in the integrity of the published record in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bosch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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