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Nasreen S, Ali S, Andleeb S, Summer M, Hussain T, Imdad K, Ara C, Tahir HM. Mechanisms of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and immunomodulatory action of probiotics bacteria and their secondary metabolites against disease management: an overview. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:549-565. [PMID: 38532057 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics or bacteriotherapy is today's hot issue for public entities (Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization) as well as health and food industries since Metchnikoff and his colleagues hypothesized the correlation between probiotic consumption and human's health. They contribute to the newest and highly efficient arena of promising biotherapeutics. These are usually attractive in biomedical applications such as gut-related diseases like irritable bowel disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infections, various allergies, parasitic and bacterial infections, viral diseases, and intestinal inflammation, and are also worth immunomodulation. The useful impact of probiotics is not limited to gut-related diseases alone. Still, these have proven benefits in various acute and chronic infectious diseases, like cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseases, and high serum cholesterol. Recently, different researchers have paid special attention to investigating biomedical applications of probiotics, but consolidated data regarding bacteriotherapy with a detailed mechanistically applied approach is scarce and controversial. The present article reviews the bio-interface of probiotic strains, mainly (i) why the demand for probiotics?, (ii) the current status of probiotics, (iii) an alternative to antibiotics, (iv) the potential applications towards disease management, (v) probiotics and industrialization, and (vi) futuristic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Imdad
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abdi A, Oroojzadeh P, Valivand N, Sambrani R, Lotfi H. Immunological aspects of probiotics for improving skin diseases: Influence on the Gut-Brain-Skin Axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 702:149632. [PMID: 38340656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between gut microbiota and human health, both mental and physical, is well-documented. This connection extends to the gut-brain-skin axis, linking gut microbiota to skin health. Recent studies have underscored the potential of probiotics and prebiotics to modulate gut microbiota, supported by in vivo and clinical investigations. In this comprehensive review, we explore the immunological implications of probiotics in influencing the gut-skin axis for the treatment and prevention of skin conditions, including psoriasis, acne, diabetic ulcers, atopic dermatitis, and skin cancer. Our analysis reveals that probiotics exert their effects by modulating cytokine production, whether administered orally or topically. Probiotics bolster skin defenses through the production of antimicrobial peptides and the induction of keratinocyte differentiation and regeneration. Yet, many questions surrounding probiotics remain unanswered, necessitating further exploration of their mechanisms of action in the context of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdi
- Medical Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Parvin Oroojzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nassim Valivand
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Roshanak Sambrani
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Razi Educational and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Lee YS, Ji BJ, Pae HO, Cheon MW, Xu G, Chun HS, Kim S. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Fermented Cabbage Extract Containing Nitric Oxide Metabolites with Silica. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:775. [PMID: 38255849 PMCID: PMC10815266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of fermented cabbage extract (FC) containing nitric oxide metabolites with silica (FCS) on 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in BALB/c mice. Atopic dermatitis-like allergic contact dermatitis was induced by DNFB challenge in the ear after DNFB sensitization on the dorsal skin of mice. FCS alleviated the severity of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions. In addition, epidermis thickness of the ear and penetration of inflammatory cells in atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions were decreased after topical application of FCS. The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-4 were measured in atopic dermatitis mice using ELISA kits, which were observed to be significantly decreased after topical application of FCS. This study demonstrates that the FCS can be used as a potential therapeutic for the treatment and prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Seong Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (H.-O.P.)
| | - Byeong-Jun Ji
- HumanEnos LLC., Wanju 55347, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ock Pae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.L.); (H.-O.P.)
| | - Mu-Weon Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, KwangWoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea;
| | - Guangpeng Xu
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea;
| | | | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea;
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Abstract
A wound is an injury to the skin or damage to the body tissue. The healing process differs between various kinds of wounds. Treatment of hard-to-heal (chronic) wounds becomes challenging for healthcare practitioners, especially if patients have underlying health complications such as diabetes. Infection of wounds is another factor that interferes with the healing process and extends its duration. Active research is being conducted into the development of advanced wound dressing technologies. These wound dressings are intended to manage the exudate, reduce bacterial infection and speed up the healing process. Probiotics have been receiving much attention because of their potential application in the clinical field, especially in diagnostics and treatment strategies of various infectious and non-infectious diseases. The host immune-modulatory response and antimicrobial activity of probiotics are expanding their role in the development of improved wound dressing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugaraja Meenakshi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramadevi Santhanakumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Navale GR, Singh S, Ghosh K. NO donors as the wonder molecules with therapeutic potential: Recent trends and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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The Antimicrobial Effect of Various Single-Strain and Multi-Strain Probiotics, Dietary Supplements or Other Beneficial Microbes against Common Clinical Wound Pathogens. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122518. [PMID: 36557771 PMCID: PMC9781324 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the human body and is colonized by a diverse microbiota that works in harmony to protect the skin. However, when skin damage occurs, the skin microbiota is also disrupted, and pathogens can invade the wound and cause infection. Probiotics or other beneficial microbes and their metabolites are one possible alternative treatment for combating skin pathogens via their antimicrobial effectiveness. The objective of our study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of seven multi-strain dietary supplements and eleven single-strain microbes that contain probiotics against 15 clinical wound pathogens using the agar spot assay, co-culturing assay, and agar well diffusion assay. We also conducted genera-specific and species-specific molecular methods to detect the DNA in the dietary supplements and single-strain beneficial microbes. We found that the multi-strain dietary supplements exhibited a statistically significant higher antagonistic effect against the challenge wound pathogens than the single-strain microbes and that lactobacilli-containing dietary supplements and single-strain microbes were significantly more efficient than the selected propionibacteria and bacilli. Differences in results between methods were also observed, possibly due to different mechanisms of action. Individual pathogens were susceptible to different dietary supplements or single-strain microbes. Perhaps an individual approach such as a 'probiogram' could be a possibility in the future as a method to find the most efficient targeted probiotic strains, cell-free supernatants, or neutralized cell-free supernatants that have the highest antagonistic effect against individual clinical wound pathogens.
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A Novel Effective Formulation of Bioactive Compounds for Wound Healing: Preparation, In Vivo Characterization, and Comparison of Various Postbiotics Cold Creams in a Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8577116. [PMID: 34917159 PMCID: PMC8670929 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8577116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The wound is a break in the integrity of the skin produced by injury, illness, or operation. Wound healing is an essential dynamic biological/physiological process that occurs in response to tissue damage. The huge health, economic, and social effects of wounds on patients and societies necessitate the research to find novel potential therapeutic agents in order to promote wound healing. Postbiotics, the newest member of the biotics family, are valuable functional bioactive substances produced by probiotics through their metabolic activity, which have several beneficial properties, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and angiogenesis characteristics, resulting in acceleration of wound healing. In the current study, three topical cold cream formulations containing postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus reuteri, or Bacillus subtilis sp. natto probiotic strains were prepared. The effectiveness and wound healing activity of the developed postbiotics cold cream formulations were investigated compared to cold cream without postbiotics and no treatment via wound closure investigation, hydroxyproline content assay, and histological assessment in 25 Sprague Dawley rats divided into five groups. Interestingly, analysis of the results revealed that all three formulations containing postbiotics significantly accelerated the wound healing process. However, in general, the Bacillus subtilis natto cold cream manifested a better wound healing property. The pleasing wound healing characteristics of the topical postbiotics cold creams through the in vivo experiment suggest that formulations containing postbiotics can be considered as a promising nominee for wound healing approaches.
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Bekiaridou A, Karlafti E, Oikonomou IM, Ioannidis A, Papavramidis TS. Probiotics and Their Effect on Surgical Wound Healing: A Systematic Review and New Insights into the Role of Nanotechnology. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124265. [PMID: 34959817 PMCID: PMC8704946 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin tissue repair is of fundamental importance for maintaining homeostasis regulation, protection barrier, absorption, and excretion of skin tissue. Wound healing is a complicated process that can be impaired by infections and therefore have a significant economic and social impact. Simultaneously, the overuse of antibiotics has led to antimicrobial resistance and loss of their efficacy. Thus, the need for alternative antimicrobial agents is urgent. The newest approaches on wound dressings employ new therapeutic agents, such as probiotics. Probiotics alone or in tandem with nanotechnology-based techniques exhibit a broad range of benefits on surgical wounds. This systematic review aims to consider current knowledge of probiotic effects on animals and humans regarding surgical wound healing and provide new insights into the role of nanotechnology. The databases included were PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL). Studies focused on burns, chronic wounds, and diabetic ulcers were excluded. The promising industry of probiotics demonstrates a significant upsurge as more and more healthy individuals rely their well-being on alternative medicine. Included probiotics illustrated positive results on wound re-epithelization, neovascularization, and wound healing. No adverse effects were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bekiaridou
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (E.K.); (I.M.O.)
| | - Eleni Karlafti
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (E.K.); (I.M.O.)
| | - Ilias Marios Oikonomou
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (E.K.); (I.M.O.)
| | - Aristidis Ioannidis
- 1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, University Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Theodossis S. Papavramidis
- 1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, University Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +30-231-042-0293
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Pinto RV, Carvalho S, Antunes F, Pires J, Pinto ML. Emerging Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Carriers for Skin Wound Healing Therapy. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100429. [PMID: 34714595 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) have been recognized as important signalling molecules involved in multiple physiological functions, including wound healing. Their exogenous delivery has been established as a new route for therapies, being the topical application the nearest to commercialization. Nevertheless, the gaseous nature of these therapeutic agents and their toxicity at high levels imply additional challenges in the design of effective delivery systems, including the tailoring of their morphology and surface chemistry to get controllable release kinetics and suitable lifetimes. This review highlights the increasing interest in the use of these gases in wound healing applications by presenting the various potential strategies in which NO and/or H2 S are the main therapeutic agents, with focus on their conceptual design, release behaviour and therapeutic performance. These strategies comprise the application of several types of nanoparticles, polymers, porous materials, and composites as new releasing carriers of NO and H2 S, with characteristics that will facilitate the application of these molecules in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana V Pinto
- CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.,CQE-Ciências-Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 16, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Carvalho
- CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.,CQE-Ciências-Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 16, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando Antunes
- CQE-Ciências-Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 16, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pires
- CQE-Ciências-Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 16, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Moisés L Pinto
- CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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Seyedi Moghaddam S, Neff A. Avoidance of milk and dairy products after oral surgery-is such a recommendation still valid? A cross-sectional study among German and international oral and maxillofacial surgeons and dental practitioners with review of the literature. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:563-573. [PMID: 34694519 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-01017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE For prevention of wound-healing complications, patients in German-speaking countries are traditionally advised to avoid consumption of milk and dairy products after oral surgery. In the absence of national and international guidelines, this study investigates scientific evidence and compares international practice, frequency scale, and rationale behind such recommendation. METHODS Comparison of a German cross-sectional mono-center-questionnaire pilot study and a survey among international oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS), specialized oral surgeons and general dentists, evaluating international practice regarding post-operative dietary and nutrition recommendations. Our literature review further assessed scientific evidence for relevant effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and/or synbiotics. RESULTS Among German study participants, 56% (n = 64/114) advise patients to avoid milk and dairy products, with 42% of OMFS (n = 38) and 65% (n = 76) of the general dentists recommending abstention (p = .027). In striking contrast, such recommendation could not be identified in our international survey (n = 143) (t test, p < .001) nor in the literature. There were significant differences between German and international study participants regarding the rationale for dietary recommendations, with dental schools and literature most frequently indicated as sources (Fisher's exact test, p < .001). CONCLUSION The hypothesis of a harmful effect of the consumption of milk and dairy products after dentoalveolar surgery could not be supported by evidence. The recommendation to avoid dairy products post-surgery was identified as a specific phenomenon practiced almost exclusively in German-speaking countries. Corresponding recommendations, most probably based on a now irrelevant risk of contracting tuberculosis from milk products, can at present no longer be substantiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schiwa Seyedi Moghaddam
- Dental Office Dr. Jalali Sohi, 63796, Kahl am Main, Germany. .,Philipps University of Marburg, Biegenstraße 10, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Neff
- Klinik and Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- and Gesichtschirurgie (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Universitätsklinikum Marburg, 35033, Marburg, Germany
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Vargason AM, Anselmo AC. Live Biotherapeutic Products and Probiotics for the Skin. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ava M. Vargason
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Aaron C. Anselmo
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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Bath PM, Coleman CM, Gordon AL, Lim WS, Webb AJ. Nitric oxide for the prevention and treatment of viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections. F1000Res 2021; 10:536. [PMID: 35685687 PMCID: PMC9171293 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51270.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the antimicrobial potential of nitric oxide (NO) is widely published, it is little used clinically. NO is a key signalling molecule modulating vascular, neuronal, inflammatory and immune responses. Endogenous antimicrobial activity is largely mediated by high local NO concentrations produced by cellular inducible nitric oxide synthase, and by derivative reactive nitrogen oxide species including peroxynitrite and S-nitrosothiols. NO may be taken as dietary substrate (inorganic nitrate, L-arginine), and therapeutically as gaseous NO, and transdermal, sublingual, oral, intranasal and intravenous nitrite or nitrate. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that NO has generic static and cidal activities against viruses (including β-coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2), bacteria, protozoa and fungi/yeasts
in vitro. Therapeutic effects have been seen in animal models
in vivo, and phase II trials have demonstrated that NO donors can reduce microbial infection. Nevertheless, excess NO, as occurs in septic shock, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In view of the dose-dependent positive and negative effects of NO, safety and efficacy trials of NO and its donors are needed for assessing their role in the prevention and treatment of infections. Trials should test dietary inorganic nitrate for pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis and gaseous NO or oral, topical or intravenous nitrite and nitrate for treatment of mild-to-severe infections, including due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). This review summarises the evidence base from
in vitro, in vivo and early phase clinical studies of NO activity in viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Bath
- Stroke Trials Unit, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
- Stroke, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Christopher M. Coleman
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Microbes, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Adam L. Gordon
- Unit of Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, University of Nottingham, Derby, Derbyshire, DE22 3NE, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration-East Midlands (ARC-EM), Nottingham, Notts, UK
| | - Wei Shen Lim
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew J. Webb
- Clinical Pharmacology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Kings College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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Polak K, Jobbágy A, Muszyński T, Wojciechowska K, Frątczak A, Bánvölgyi A, Bergler-Czop B, Kiss N. Microbiome Modulation as a Therapeutic Approach in Chronic Skin Diseases. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101436. [PMID: 34680552 PMCID: PMC8533290 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing quantity of evidence on how skin and gut microbiome composition impacts the course of various dermatological diseases. The strategies involving the modulation of bacterial composition are increasingly in the focus of research attention. The aim of the present review was to analyze the literature available in PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE databases on the topic of microbiome modulation in skin diseases. The effects and possible mechanisms of action of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in dermatological conditions including atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, chronic ulcers, seborrheic dermatitis, burns and acne were analyzed. Due to the very limited number of studies available regarding the topic of microbiome modulation in all skin diseases except for AD, the authors decided to also include case reports and original studies concerning oral administration and topical application of the pro-, pre- and synbiotics in the final analysis. The evaluated studies mostly reported significant health benefits to the patients or show promising results in animal or ex vivo studies. However, due to a limited amount of research and unambiguous results, the topic of microbiome modulation as a therapeutic approach in skin diseases still warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Polak
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.P.); (K.W.)
| | - Antal Jobbágy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Tomasz Muszyński
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-530 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Kamila Wojciechowska
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (K.P.); (K.W.)
| | - Aleksandra Frątczak
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.); (B.B.-C.)
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Beata Bergler-Czop
- Chair and Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.); (B.B.-C.)
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.J.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Kandhwal M, Behl T, Kumar A, Arora S. Understanding the Potential Role and Delivery Approaches of Nitric Oxide in Chronic Wound Healing Management. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1999-2014. [PMID: 33106138 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201026152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a promising pharmaceutical component that has vasodilator, anti-bacterial, and wound healing activities. Chronic ulcers are non-healing disorders that are generally associated with distortion of lower limbs. Among the severe consequence derivatives of these diseases are the problems of chronic wound progression. NO, which is categorized as the smallest gaseous neurotransmitter, has beneficial effects in different phases of chronic inflammation. The defensive mechanism of NO is found useful in several severe conditions, such as gestational healing, gastrointestinal healing, and diabetic healing. The current review presents an updated collection of literature about the role of NO in chronic ulcers due to the prevalence of diabetes, DPN, and diabetic foot ulcers, and because of the lack of available effective treatments to directly address the pathology contributing to these conditions, novel treatments are being sought. This review also collects information about deficiency of NO synthase in diabetic patients, leading to a lack of vascularization of the peripheral nerves, which causes diabetic neuropathy, and this could be treated with vasodilators such as nitric oxide. Apart from the pharmacological mechanism of NO, the article also reviewed and analyzed to elucidate the potential of transdermal delivery of NO for the treatment of chronic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimansa Kandhwal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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15
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Bath PM, Coleman CM, Gordon AL, Lim WS, Webb AJ. Nitric oxide for the prevention and treatment of viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections. F1000Res 2021; 10:536. [PMID: 35685687 PMCID: PMC9171293 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51270.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the antimicrobial potential of nitric oxide (NO) is widely published, it is little used clinically. NO is a key signalling molecule modulating vascular, neuronal, inflammatory and immune responses. Endogenous antimicrobial activity is largely mediated by high local NO concentrations produced by cellular inducible nitric oxide synthase, and by derivative reactive nitrogen oxide species including peroxynitrite and S-nitrosothiols. NO may be taken as dietary substrate (inorganic nitrate, L-arginine), and therapeutically as gaseous NO, and transdermal, sublingual, oral, intranasal and intravenous nitrite or nitrate. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that NO has generic static and cidal activities against viruses (including β-coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2), bacteria, protozoa and fungi/yeasts in vitro. Therapeutic effects have been seen in animal models in vivo, and phase II trials have demonstrated that NO donors can reduce microbial infection. Nevertheless, excess NO, as occurs in septic shock, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In view of the dose-dependent positive and negative effects of NO, safety and efficacy trials of NO and its donors are needed for assessing their role in the prevention and treatment of infections. Trials should test dietary inorganic nitrate for pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis and gaseous NO or oral, topical or intravenous nitrite and nitrate for treatment of mild-to-severe infections, including due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). This review summarises the evidence base from in vitro, in vivo and early phase clinical studies of NO activity in viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Bath
- Stroke Trials Unit, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
- Stroke, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Christopher M. Coleman
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Microbes, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Notts, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Adam L. Gordon
- Unit of Injury, Inflammation and Recovery Sciences, University of Nottingham, Derby, Derbyshire, DE22 3NE, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration-East Midlands (ARC-EM), Nottingham, Notts, UK
| | - Wei Shen Lim
- Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew J. Webb
- Clinical Pharmacology, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Kings College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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Afzali H, Khaksari M, Jeddi S, Kashfi K, Abdollahifar MA, Ghasemi A. Acidified Nitrite Accelerates Wound Healing in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats: A Histological and Stereological Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071872. [PMID: 33810327 PMCID: PMC8037216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired skin nitric oxide production contributes to delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aims to determine improved wound healing mechanisms by acidified nitrite (AN) in rats with T2D. Wistar rats were assigned to four subgroups: Untreated control, AN-treated control, untreated diabetes, and AN-treated diabetes. AN was applied daily from day 3 to day 28 after wounding. On days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wound levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured, and histological and stereological evaluations were performed. AN in diabetic rats increased the numerical density of basal cells (1070 ± 15.2 vs. 936.6 ± 37.5/mm3) and epidermal thickness (58.5 ± 3.5 vs. 44.3 ± 3.4 μm) (all p < 0.05); The dermis total volume and numerical density of fibroblasts at days 14, 21, and 28 were also higher (all p < 0.05). The VEGF levels were increased in the treated diabetic wounds at days 7 and 14, as was the total volume of fibrous tissue and hydroxyproline content at days 14 and 21 (all p < 0.05). AN improved diabetic wound healing by accelerating the dermis reconstruction, neovascularization, and collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Afzali
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research, and Physiology Research Centers, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (H.A.); (M.K.)
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research, and Physiology Research Centers, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (H.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran;
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA;
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.-A.A.); (A.G.); Tel.: +98-2123872555 (M.-A.A.); +98-2122432489 (A.G.)
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran;
- Correspondence: (M.-A.A.); (A.G.); Tel.: +98-2123872555 (M.-A.A.); +98-2122432489 (A.G.)
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17
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Bourdillon AT, Edwards HA. Review of probiotic use in otolaryngology. Am J Otolaryngol 2021; 42:102883. [PMID: 33453564 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Probiotics have garnered considerable attention as an intervention for various conditions common to otolaryngology. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature to offer recommendations about the safety and efficacy of probiotic management in otolaryngologic conditions. STUDY DESIGN Narrative review. METHODS PubMed and Google Scholar were queried using pertinent keywords to retrieve relevant studies with particular focus in the recent 5 years. All abstracts were assessed and studies, reviews and meta-analyses achieving evaluation of probiotic therapies or characterization of microbiome changes were included for further review. Studies were categorized by condition or anatomic region across various subspecialties. Key data parameters were extracted and evaluated across studies and treatment types. RESULTS Strong evidence exists for the use probiotic agents to improve symptoms for allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis and certain dental conditions. Despite promising results, further investigation is needed to evaluate and optimize probiotic delivery for mitigating otitis media, oropharyngeal inflammation and upper respiratory tract infections. Preclinical studies suggest that probiotics may potentially offer benefit for voice prosthesis maintenance, wound healing and mitigation of oral dysplasia. CONCLUSION Probiotic therapies may offer clinical benefit in a variety of contexts within the field of otolaryngology, especially for short-term relief of certain inflammatory conditions of the oral cavity, auditory and nasal cavities. Further investigation is warranted for evaluation of long-term outcomes and pathogenic deterrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Bourdillon
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.
| | - Heather A Edwards
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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18
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Gutierrez Cisneros C, Bloemen V, Mignon A. Synthetic, Natural, and Semisynthetic Polymer Carriers for Controlled Nitric Oxide Release in Dermal Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:760. [PMID: 33671032 PMCID: PMC7957520 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO•) is a free radical gas, produced in the human body to regulate physiological processes, such as inflammatory and immune responses. It is required for skin health; therefore, a lack of NO• is known to cause or worsen skin conditions related to three biomedical applications- infection treatment, injury healing, and blood circulation. Therefore, research on its topical release has been increasing for the last two decades. The storage and delivery of nitric oxide in physiological conditions to compensate for its deficiency is achieved through pharmacological compounds called NO-donors. These are further incorporated into scaffolds to enhance therapeutic treatment. A wide range of polymeric scaffolds has been developed and tested for this purpose. Hence, this review aims to give a detailed overview of the natural, synthetic, and semisynthetic polymeric matrices that have been evaluated for antimicrobial, wound healing, and circulatory dermal applications. These matrices have already set a solid foundation in nitric oxide release and their future perspective is headed toward an enhanced controlled release by novel functionalized semisynthetic polymer carriers and co-delivery synergetic platforms. Finally, further clinical tests on patients with the targeted condition will hopefully enable the eventual commercialization of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gutierrez Cisneros
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials, Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.C.); (V.B.)
| | - Veerle Bloemen
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials, Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.C.); (V.B.)
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arn Mignon
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials, Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.C.); (V.B.)
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Mohtashami M, Mohamadi M, Azimi‐Nezhad M, Saeidi J, Nia FF, Ghasemi A. Lactobacillus bulgaricus
and
Lactobacillus plantarum
improve diabetic wound healing through modulating inflammatory factors. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.2064 10.1002/bab.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Microbilogy School of Basic Science Neyshabur Branch Islamic Azad University Neyshabur Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohamadi
- Department of Microbilogy School of Basic Science Neyshabur Branch Islamic Azad University Neyshabur Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi‐Nezhad
- Non‐Communicable Disease Research Center Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
- UMR INSERM U 1122 IGE‐PCV Interactions Gène‐Environment En Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université De Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology School of Basic Science Neyshabur Branch Islamic Azad University Neyshabur Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forooghi Nia
- Department of Microbiology School of Basic Science Shiraz Branch Islamic Azad University Shiraz Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghasemi
- Department of Basic Sciences Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
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20
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Mohtashami M, Mohamadi M, Azimi-Nezhad M, Saeidi J, Nia FF, Ghasemi A. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus plantarum improve diabetic wound healing through modulating inflammatory factors. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:1421-1431. [PMID: 33125785 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are nonpathogenic bacterial strains that exert beneficial effects on the host. Previous studies have shown that topical use of some strains of probiotic bacteria have good effects on the healing of cutaneous wounds. In the current study, the wound healing potentials of bacterial probiotics on diabetic cutaneous wounds were evaluated. The effects of probiotics on migration, the viability of fibroblasts, and macrophage proliferation were measured through using wound healing assay, methylthiazol tetrazolium assay, and bromodeoxyuridine, respectively. In this regard, in vivo diabetic wound healing experiments in Wistar rats following treatment with nontoxic concentrations of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus plantarum were conducted. The histopathological and gene expression analyses were performed following removal of wound sites 3, 7, and 14 days postwounding. Results showed that treatment with probiotics accelerated the healing process of diabetic wounds and modulated the inflammatory cells in wound sites during a 14-day period postwounding. The altered mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were observed in wound sites following treatment with probiotics. The findings of the current study reveal that L. bulgaricus and L. plantarum could improve the healing of diabetic wounds via regulation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Microbilogy, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohamadi
- Department of Microbilogy, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.,UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV, Interactions Gène-Environment En Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université De Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forooghi Nia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Science, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghasemi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.,Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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21
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Knackstedt R, Knackstedt T, Gatherwright J. The role of topical probiotics on wound healing: A review of animal and human studies. Int Wound J 2020; 17:1687-1694. [PMID: 32869480 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic, opportunistic, and commensal bacterial coexist in the intestinal tract, and imbalances among these strains have been linked to systemic inflammation and a variety of disease states. Similarly, human skin plays an important role as an interface between the body and the environment with an estimated 1 billion microbes per square centimetres. Skin microbiome fluctuations that cause increases in pathologic bacteria, either because of individual and/or environmental factors, can lead to disease states at the skin level ranging from inflammatory conditions to infections. As wounds are inherently associated with perturbations in the local microflora due to injury and activation of the immune responses, the addition of topical probiotics could be a means to prevent infection, regulate inflammation, and potentially augment healing. The goal of this review is to analyse the impact the skin microbiome has on cutaneous wound healing with a focus on developing proposed treatment algorithms and support for their therapeutic potential.
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22
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Barzegari A, Kheyrolahzadeh K, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Sharifi S, Memar MY, Zununi Vahed S. The Battle of Probiotics and Their Derivatives Against Biofilms. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:659-672. [PMID: 32161474 PMCID: PMC7049744 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s232982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections have been a major clinical problem and include chronic infections, device-related infections and malfunction of medical devices. Since biofilms are not fully available for the human immune system and antibiotics, they are difficult to eradicate and control; therefore, imposing a global threat to human health. There have been avenues to tackle biofilms largely based on the disruption of their adhesion and maturation. Nowadays, the use of probiotics and their derivatives has gained a growing interest in battling against pathogenic biofilms. In the present review, we have a close look at probiotics with the ultimate objective of inhibiting biofilm formation and maturation. Overall, insights into the mechanisms by which probiotics and their derivatives can be used in the management of biofilm infections would be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Keyvan Kheyrolahzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7585486. [PMID: 31915703 PMCID: PMC6930797 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7585486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The skin and its microbiota serve as physical barriers to prevent invasion of pathogens. Skin damage can be a consequence of illness, surgery, and burns. The most effective wound management strategy is to prevent infections, promote healing, and prevent excess scarring. It is well established that probiotics can aid in skin healing by stimulating the production of immune cells, and they also exhibit antagonistic effects against pathogens via competitive exclusion of pathogens. Our aim was to conduct a review of recent literature on the efficacy of using probiotics against pathogens that cause wound infections. In this integrative review, we searched through the literature published in the international following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus using the search terms “probiotic” AND “wound infection.” During a comprehensive review and critique of the selected research, fourteen in vitro studies, 8 animal studies, and 19 clinical studies were found. Two of these in vitro studies also included animal studies, yielding a total of 39 articles for inclusion in the review. The most commonly used probiotics for all studies were well-known strains of the species Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. All in vitro studies showed successful inhibition of chosen skin or wound pathogens by the selected probiotics. Within the animal studies on mice, rats, and rabbits, probiotics showed strong opportunities for counteracting wound infections. Most clinical studies showed slight or statistically significant lower incidence of surgical site infections, foot ulcer infection, or burn infections for patients using probiotics. Several of these studies also indicated a statistically significant wound healing effect for the probiotic groups. This review indicates that exogenous and oral application of probiotics has shown reduction in wound infections, especially when used as an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy, and therefore the potential use of probiotics in this field remains worthy of further studies, perhaps focused more on typical skin inhabitants as next-generation probiotics with high potential.
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24
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Krzystek-Korpacka M, Wiśniewski J, Fleszar MG, Bednarz-Misa I, Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gacka M, Masłowski L, Kędzior K, Witkiewicz W, Gamian A. Metabolites of the Nitric Oxide (NO) Pathway Are Altered and Indicative of Reduced NO and Arginine Bioavailability in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases Complicated with Chronic Wounds of Lower Extremities: Targeted Metabolomics Approach (LC-MS/MS). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5965721. [PMID: 31396302 PMCID: PMC6664544 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5965721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The status of metabolites of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway in patients with chronic wounds in the course of cardiometabolic diseases is largely unknown. Yet arginine supplementation and citrulline supplementation as novel therapeutic modalities aimed at increasing NO are tested. MATERIAL AND METHODS Targeted metabolomics approach (LC-MS/MS) was applied to determine the concentrations of L-arginine, L-citrulline, asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines (ADMA and SDMA), and arginine/ADMA and arginine/SDMA ratios as surrogate markers of NO and arginine availability in ulnar and femoral veins, representing systemic and local levels of metabolites, in patients with chronic wounds in the course of cardiometabolic diseases (n = 59) as compared to patients without chronic wounds but with similar cardiometabolic burden (n = 55) and healthy individuals (n = 88). RESULTS Patients with chronic wounds had significantly lower systemic L-citrulline and higher ADMA and SDMA concentrations and lower L-arginine/ADMA and L-arginine/SDMA as compared to healthy controls. The presence of chronic wounds in patients with cardiometabolic diseases was associated with decreased L-arginine but with increased L-citrulline, ADMA, and SDMA concentrations and decreased L-arginine/ADMA and L-arginine/SDMA. Serum obtained from the ulnar and femoral veins of patients with chronic wounds differed by L-arginine concentrations and L-arginine/SDMA ratio, both lower in the femoral vein. Wound etiology affected L-citrulline and SDMA concentrations, lower and higher, respectively, in patients with venous stasis, and the L-arginine/SDMA ratio-lower in venous stasis. The wound type affected L-arginine/ADMA and citrulline-lower in patients with ulcerations or gangrene. IL-6 was an independent predictor of L-arginine/ADMA, VEGF-A of ADMA, G-CSF of L-arginine/SDMA, and GM-CSF of L-citrulline and SDMA. CONCLUSION Chronic wounds in the course of cardiometabolic diseases are associated with reduced NO and arginine availability due to ADMA and SDMA accumulation rather than arginine deficiency, not supporting its supplementation. Wound character seems to affect NO bioavailability and wound etiology-arginine bioavailability. Arginine concentration and its availability are more markedly reduced at the local level than the systemic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
| | - Mariusz G. Fleszar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
- PORT Polski Ośrodek Rozwoju Technologii sp, ZOO, Wroclaw 54-066, Poland
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Gacka
- Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetes, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Leszek Masłowski
- Department of Angiology, Regional Specialist Hospital, Wroclaw 51-124, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kędzior
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, Wroclaw 51-124, Poland
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital, Wroclaw 51-124, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-368, Poland
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25
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Wälivaara DÅ, Sjögren I, Gerasimcik N, Yucel-Lindberg T, Twetman S, Abrahamsson P. Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges on healing after surgical removal of mandibular third molars: a randomised controlled trial. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:653-659. [PMID: 31157556 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of probiotic supplements on oral wound healing, swelling, pain and discomfort after surgical removal of mandibular third molars. A second aim was to evaluate if the intervention could influence the concentrations of oxytocin in saliva. Sixty-four consecutive volunteers (18-34 years) were enrolled to a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial with two parallel arms. Following surgery, the patients were asked to take three lozenges per day containing two strains of Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) or placebo for two weeks. The clinical healing and extra-oral swelling were scored two weeks post-operatively. Samples of wound exudate were cultivated for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and β-haemolytic streptococci. Salivary oxytocin concentrations were analysed from pre- and post-surgery samples using ELISA technique. Compliance and the subjective perception of swelling, pain and discomfort were reported daily through visual analogue scales in a logbook. All patients except three completed the protocol and the postoperative course was uneventful in most cases. Minor extra-oral swellings were noted in five patients, but none required antibiotic treatment. At the 2-week follow-up, there were no significant differences in clinical wound healing index, extra-oral swelling, bacterial growth or salivary oxytocin levels between the groups. The self-reported data unveiled, however, a significantly reduced sense of swelling, in particular during the second week after surgery in the probiotic test group (P<0.05). Likewise, significantly fewer nights with disturbed sleep and fewer days with sick-leave from work were reported among the participants in the test group (P<0.05). No differences were found in the post-operative use of analgesics. In conclusion, we found no significant influence of probiotic supplements on objective wound healing after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. However, since the patients' perceived significant post-operative ameliorations, further studies are needed to explore the patient's value of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-Å Wälivaara
- Maxillofacial Unit, Halland Hospital, 30185 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - I Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Halland Hospital, 30185 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - N Gerasimcik
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - T Yucel-Lindberg
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - S Twetman
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - P Abrahamsson
- Maxillofacial Unit, Halland Hospital, 30185 Halmstad, Sweden
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26
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Abstract
Scientific and commercial interest of probiotics, prebiotics and their effect on human health and disease has increased in the last decade. The aim of this review article is to evaluate the role of pro- and prebiotics on the normal function of healthy skin as well as their role in the prevention and therapy of skin disease. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium are the most commonly used probiotics and thought to mediate skin inflammation, treat atopic dermatitis (AD) and prevent allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Probiotics are shown to decolonise skin pathogens (e.g., P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. Vulgaris, etc.) while kefir is also shown to support the immunity of the skin and treat skin pathogens through the production of antimicrobial substances and prebiotics. Finally, prebiotics (e.g., Fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides and konjac glucomannan hydrolysates) can contribute to the treatment of diseases including ACD, acne and photo aging primarily by enhancing the growth of probiotics.
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27
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Probiotics in Extraintestinal Diseases: Current Trends and New Directions. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040788. [PMID: 30959761 PMCID: PMC6521300 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host. Their positive supplementation outcomes on several gastrointestinal disorders are well defined. Nevertheless, their actions are not limited to the gut, but may also impart their beneficial effects at distant sites and organs. In this regard, in this review article we: (i) comprehensively describe the main mechanisms of action of probiotics at distant sites, including bones, skin, and brain; (ii) critically present their therapeutic potential against bone, skin, and neuronal diseases (e.g., osteoporosis, non-healing wounds and autoimmune skin illnesses, mood, behavior, memory, and cognitive impairments); (iii) address the current gaps in the preclinical and clinical research; and (iv) indicate new research directions and suggest future investigations.
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Nye R, Robinia K, Peterson P, Jodoin Z, Bohm M, Anderman M, Peacock T, Moody M, Naimi A, Sharp J. Efficacy of a nitric oxide dressing in decreasing bacterial counts on human skin. J Wound Care 2018; 27:S19-S25. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.sup7.s19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Nye
- Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | | | - Paul Peterson
- Institutional Research Data Analyst; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Zachary Jodoin
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Margaret Bohm
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Meghan Anderman
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Tess Peacock
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Madison Moody
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Alyssa Naimi
- Undergraduate Student; Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
| | - Josh Sharp
- Northern Michigan University Marquette MI
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Yapor JP, Neufeld BH, Tapia JB, Reynolds MM. Biodegradable crosslinked polyesters derived from thiomalic acid and S-nitrosothiol analogues for nitric oxide release. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:4071-4081. [PMID: 31372219 PMCID: PMC6675467 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00566d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinked polyesters with Young's moduli similar to that of certain soft biological tissues were prepared via bulk polycondensation of thiomalic acid and 1,8-octanediol alone, and with citric or maleic acid. The copolymers were converted to nitric oxide (NO)-releasing S-nitrosothiol (RSNO) analogues by reaction with tert-butyl nitrite. Additional conjugation steps were avoided by inclusion of the thiolated monomer during the polycondensation to permit thiol conversion to RSNOs. NO release at physiological pH and temperature (pH 7.4, 37 °C) was determined by chemiluminescence-based NO detection. The average total NO content for poly(thiomalic-co-maleic acid-co-1,8-octanediol), poly(thiomalic-co-citric acid-co-1,8-octanediol), and poly(thiomalic acid-co-1,8-octanediol) was 130 ± 39 μmol g-1, 200 ± 35 μmol g-1, and 130 ± 11 μmol g-1, respectively. The antibacterial properties of the S-nitrosated analogues were confirmed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The hydrolytic degradation products were analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry after a 10-week study to investigate their composition. Tensile mechanical tests were performed on the non-nitrosated polymers as well as their S-nitrosated derivatives and suggested that the materials have appropriate Young's moduli and elongation values for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet P. Yapor
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Bella H. Neufeld
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jesus B. Tapia
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Melissa M. Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Twetman S, Keller MK, Lee L, Yucel-Lindberg T, Pedersen AML. Effect of probiotic lozenges containing Lactobacillus reuteri on oral wound healing: a pilot study. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:691-696. [PMID: 29726282 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that beneficial bacteria may stimulate wound healing. The aim was to investigate the effect of topical applications of probiotic lactobacilli on the healing of standardised oral wounds. This pilot study employed a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over design. Standardised biopsies were punched in the oral mucosa of 10 healthy volunteers, with and without exposure to two strains of Lactobacilli reuteri administrated as lozenges and topical oil. The healing was scored clinically after 2, 5 and 8 days. The amount of exudate was quantified through filter papers and the levels of selected cytokines and chemokines were determined with multiplex immunoassays. Saliva samples were collected before the biopsy and after healing for determination of oxytocin with ELISA. Subjectively perceived pain and discomfort was reported through a daily logbook. There was a clear tendency of improved healing in test group at the 2-and 5-day check-ups but the difference compared with the placebo intervention was not statistically significant (P=0.08). Higher but non-significant expressions of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligand members 13 (APRIL) and 13B (BAFF), as well as the chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8), were displayed in wound exudates from the probiotic group as compared with placebo, particularly after 5 and 8 days. The salivary levels of oxytocin were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the placebo group at the 8-day follow-up. The mean number of days with pain and/or discomfort after the biopsies was similar in both groups. No side-effects were reported. The findings of this pilot study justify a larger clinical trial to elucidate the possible role of probiotic supplements on oral wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Twetman
- 1 Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - M K Keller
- 1 Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - L Lee
- 2 Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - T Yucel-Lindberg
- 2 Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A M Lynge Pedersen
- 1 Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Tsiouris CG, Kelesi M, Vasilopoulos G, Kalemikerakis I, Papageorgiou EG. The efficacy of probiotics as pharmacological treatment of cutaneous wounds: Meta-analysis of animal studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:230-239. [PMID: 28392493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current meta-analysis of animal studies was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics as pharmacological treatment of cutaneous wounds. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted and in total six animal studies which undertake twelve experiments met our inclusion criteria. We used the percentage (%) of wound area at the end of the first week after initial wounding to evaluate the efficacy of the probiotic treatment. The heterogeneity was estimated as statistically significant (p<0.0001) and therefore the meta-analysis was performed with the random-effect model. Based on the estimated Hedges' g (Hedges, 1982), the administration of probiotics was associated with acceleration of the wound contraction (g=-2.55; 95%CI=-3.59, -1.50; p<0.0001). The meta-regression analysis showed that the moderator sterile kefir extract has the greater effect on the overall estimated efficacy of probiotic treatment (g=-5.6983; p=0.0442) with bacteria probiotic therapies (70% kefir gel, L. brevis, L. fermentum, L. plantarum, L. reuteri) following (g=-2.3814; p=0.0003). For bacteria dose moderator, the results showed that increase in bacterial dose corresponds to increase of the estimated overall effect size (g=-10.2056; p=0.0053). The linear regression test of funnel plot asymmetry showed absence of publication bias. In conclusion, the results indicate that probiotics administration is an effective pharmacological treatment of cutaneous wounds. However, due to the heterogeneity among studies, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos G Tsiouris
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece
| | - Martha Kelesi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Vasilopoulos
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kalemikerakis
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece
| | - Effie G Papageorgiou
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Greece.
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Saidkhani V, Asadizaker M, Khodayar MJ, Latifi SM. The effect of nitric oxide releasing cream on healing pressure ulcers. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2016; 21:322-30. [PMID: 27186212 PMCID: PMC4857669 DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.180389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure ulcer is one of the main concerns of nurses in medical centers around the world, which, if untreated, causes irreparable problems for patients. In recent years, nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an effective method for wound healing. This study was conducted to determine the effect of nitric oxide on pressure ulcer healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this clinical trial, 58 patients with pressure ulcer at hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were homogenized and later divided randomly into two groups of treatment (nitric oxide cream; n = 29) and control (placebo cream; n = 29). In this research, the data collection tool was the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH). At the outset of the study (before using the cream), the patients' ulcers were examined weekly in terms of size, amount of exudates, and tissue type using the PUSH tool for 3 weeks. By integrating these three factors, wound healing was determined. Data were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS Although no significant difference was found in terms of the mean of score size, the amount of exudates, and the tissue type between the two groups, the mean of total score (healing) between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Nitric oxide cream seems to accelerate wound healing. Therefore, considering its easy availability and cost-effectiveness, it can be used for treating pressure ulcers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Saidkhani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Chronic Disease Care Research Center, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Asadizaker
- Department of Medical Surgical, Chronic Disease Care Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Sayed Mahmoud Latifi
- Department of Biostatistics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Partlow J, Blikslager A, Matthews C, Law M, Daniels J, Baker R, Labens R. Effect of topically applied Saccharomyces boulardii on the healing of acute porcine wounds: a preliminary study. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:210. [PMID: 27067538 PMCID: PMC4827247 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal wound healing progresses through a series of interdependent physiological events: inflammation, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Alterations in this process as well as the bacterial type and load on a wound may alter the wound healing rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical Saccharomyces boulardii on the healing of acute cutaneous wounds, using a prospective, controlled, experimental study, with six purpose bred landrace pigs. RESULTS All wounds healed without apparent complications. Comparison of the mean 3D and 2D wound surface area measurements showed no significant difference between treatment groups as wounds decreased similarly in size over the duration of the study. A significant reduction in wound surface area was identified sooner using 3D assessments (by day 9) compared to 2D assessments (by day 12) (P < 0.001). There was no significant effect of treatment group on the number of multiple isolates or the most common isolates obtained relative to control wounds. There was no histologically appreciable difference between the wounds of the different groups. CONCLUSIONS Topical application of Saccharomyces boulardii does not hasten wound healing or change the wounds' microbiome under the conditions reported in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Blikslager
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA
| | - Charles Matthews
- />North Carolina Comprehensive Headache Clinic, Raleigh, NC USA
- />North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Mac Law
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA
| | | | - Rose Baker
- />Oregon State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Corvallis, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Raphael Labens
- />Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, Roslin, Scotland, UK
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Mohammedsaeed W, Cruickshank S, McBain AJ, O’Neill CA. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Lysate Increases Re-Epithelialization of Keratinocyte Scratch Assays by Promoting Migration. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16147. [PMID: 26537246 PMCID: PMC4633615 DOI: 10.1038/srep16147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A limited number of studies have investigated the potential of probiotics to promote wound healing in the digestive tract. The aim of the current investigation was to determine whether probiotic bacteria or their extracts could be beneficial in cutaneous wound healing. A keratinocyte monolayer scratch assay was used to assess re-epithelialization; which comprises keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Primary human keratinocyte monolayers were scratched then exposed to lysates of Lactobacillus (L) rhamnosus GG, L. reuteri, L. plantarum or L. fermentum. Re-epithelialization of treated monolayers was compared to that of untreated controls. Lysates of L. rhamnosus GG and L. reuteri significantly increased the rate of re-epithelialization, with L. rhamnosus GG being the most efficacious. L. reuteri increased keratinocyte proliferation while L. rhamnosus GG lysate significantly increased proliferation and migration. Microarray analysis of L. rhamnosus GG treated scratches showed increased expression of multiple genes including the chemokine CXCL2 and its receptor CXCR2. These are involved in normal wound healing where they stimulate keratinocyte proliferation and/or migration. Increased protein expression of both CXCL2 and CXCR2 were confirmed by ELISA and immunoblotting. These data demonstrate that L. rhamnosus GG lysate accelerates re-epithelialization of keratinocyte scratch assays, potentially via chemokine receptor pairs that induce keratinocyte migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Mohammedsaeed
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester UK
| | | | - Andrew J. McBain
- Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Manchester UK
| | - Catherine A. O’Neill
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester UK
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the maintenance and regulation of the skin and the integrity of its environment. Derangement of NO production is implicated in the etiology of a multitude of dermatologic diseases, indicating future therapeutic directions. In an era of increasing resistance rates to available antibiotics and subpar development of new agents, NO is promising as a prospective topical broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent with small likelihood of resistance development. Because the greatest strides have been made in the setting of infectious disease and skin and soft-tissue infection, this will be a major focus of this article. In addition, we will review NO's role in skin regulation and dysregulation, immune function, the various topical release systems that have been devised and tested, NO's relation to UV radiation and skin pigmentation, and finally, its potential applications as a cosmeceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Adler
- Department of Medicine (Division of Dermatology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Medicine (Division of Dermatology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Adam J Friedman
- Department of Medicine (Division of Dermatology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; George Washington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Medicine (Division of Dermatology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; George Washington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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Abstract
Advances in surgical technology have allowed for previously unconsidered therapeutic interventions. However, the complexity and invasiveness of surgical procedures are not without adverse consequences. Nitric oxide's fundamental role in a host of physiological processes, including angiogenesis, wound and bone healing, thromboresistance, smooth muscle relaxation and inflammation makes it a significant player in accelerating wound healing and mitigating the inflammation of ischemia reperfusion injury common to surgical procedures. In addition, the therapeutic properties of NO have been harnessed for the prophylactic treatment of implant infection and graft failure. In this article, we will discuss the mechanism by which NO mediates these processes, and its perioperative translational applications.
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Azadi M, Foruozandeh H, Karami L, Khodayar MJ, Rashidi Nooshabadi M, Kalantar M, Gudarzi M, Pirouzi A. Comparing the effect of visceral fat and barley seed ash (hordeum vulgare L) with silversulfadiazine on burn wound healing in rats. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2015; 10:e20670. [PMID: 25866721 PMCID: PMC4379902 DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-20670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin burn is one of the most common complications and remains a major public health issue worldwide. OBJECTIVES This experiment was conducted to study the effects of traditional medicine (Visceral Fat and Barely Seed Ash) compared with silversulfadiazine (SSD) cream on healing burn wounds in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of equal numbers; each group consisted of 15 animals. After sedation, type II of skin burn with 1.5 cm diameter circle was created on the back of rats with a heated metal in boiling water. Group one was not treated and considered as control. The burned areas in the second, third and fourth groups were applied twice a day with normal saline, SSD cream and traditional preparation, respectively. Percentage of the burn wound concentration and histopathological examinations were used as parameters of our study on days 4, 9and 14. Obtained data were compared between the groups and days. RESULTS SSD cream and traditional preparation had better effects on burnt wound healing compared with control group. Furthermore, on the final day of study, the average percentage of wound concentration in traditional medicine group was significantly greater than other groups (P < 0.05). This finding was supported and confirmed by histological examination as well. CONCLUSIONS Traditional preparation significantly decreased inflammation and accelerated wound healing in treated rats. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be applied clinically in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azadi
- Gerash Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Foruozandeh
- Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Leila Karami
- Amiralmomenin Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Grash, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Rashidi Nooshabadi
- Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mehdi Gudarzi
- Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Aliyar Pirouzi
- Gerash Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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Baquerizo Nole KL, Yim E, Keri JE. Probiotics and prebiotics in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71:814-21. [PMID: 24906613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in the medical use of probiotics and prebiotics in recent years has confirmed their excellent safety profile. As immune modulators, they have been used in inflammatory skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis. We review the literature regarding the use of probiotics and prebiotics in dermatology. Probiotics and prebiotics appear to be effective in reducing the incidence of atopic dermatitis in infants, but their role in atopic dermatitis treatment is controversial. Their role in acne, wound healing, and photoprotection is promising, but larger trials are needed before a final recommendation can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Baquerizo Nole
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Elizabeth Yim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jonette E Keri
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Dermatology, Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
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Kutner A, Friedman A. Nitric oxide nanoparticles for wound healing: future directions to overcome challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.2013.837670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Sikorska H, Smoragiewicz W. Role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 42:475-81. [PMID: 24071026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug-resistant micro-organism and is the principal nosocomial pathogen worldwide. Following initial in vitro experiments demonstrating that Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285(®) and Lactobacillus casei LBC80R(®) commercial strains exhibit antibacterial activity against clinical MRSA isolates, we conducted a literature search to find any evidence of probiotic efficacy in decolonisation or treatment of S. aureus infection. As summarised below, many strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria isolated from a variety of sources inhibited the growth of S. aureus and clinical isolates of MRSA in vitro. The most active strains were Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Propionibacterium acnes, Lactobacillus paracasei, L. acidophilus, L. casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactococcus lactis. Their effects were mediated both by direct cell competitive exclusion as well as production of acids or bacteriocin-like inhibitors. L. acidophilus also inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation and lipase production. In vitro antimicrobial activity did not necessarily assure efficacy in vivo in animal infectious models, e.g. S. aureus 8325-4 was most sensitive in vitro to L. acidophilus, whilst in vivo Bifidobacterium bifidum best inhibited experimental intravaginal staphylococcosis in mice. On the other hand, L. plantarum, which showed the highest inhibition activity against S. aureus in vitro, was also very effective topically in preventing skin wound infection with S. aureus in mice. Very few clinical data were found on the interactions between probiotics and MRSA, but the few identified clinical cases pointed to the feasibility of elimination or reduction of MRSA colonisation with probiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Sikorska
- Bio-Assistance, 705-801 rue de la Commune Est, Montreal, QC, Canada H2L 0A3.
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Kutner AJ, Friedman AJ. Use of nitric oxide nanoparticulate platform for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 5:502-14. [PMID: 23661566 PMCID: PMC7169754 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) due to multi‐drug resistant pathogens is increasing. The concomitant increase in antibiotic use along with the ease with which organisms develop mechanisms of resistance have together become a medical crisis, underscoring the importance of developing innovative and effective antimicrobial strategies. Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenously produced molecule with many physiologic functions, including broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory properties. The risk of resistance to NO is minimized because NO has multiple mechanisms of antimicrobial action. NO's clinical utility has been limited largely because it is highly reactive and lacks appropriate vehicles for storage and delivery. To harness NO's antimicrobial potential, a variety exogenous NO delivery platforms have been developed and evaluated, yet limitations preclude their use in the clinical setting. Nanotechnology represents a paradigm through which these limitations can be overcome, allowing for the encapsulation, controlled release, and focused delivery of NO for the treatment of SSTI. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1230 This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Kutner
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Prevention and treatment of virulent bacterial biofilms with an enzymatic nitric oxide-releasing dressing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:6095-103. [PMID: 22948868 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01173-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of percutaneous medical devices often results in nosocomial infections. Attachment of microorganisms to the surfaces of these medical devices triggers biofilm formation, which presents significant complications to the health of a patient and may lead to septicemia, thromboembolism, or endocarditis if not correctly treated. Although several antimicrobials are commonly used for prevention of biofilm formation, they have limited efficacy against formed biofilms. In this study, we report the use of an enzymatic, gaseous nitric oxide (gNO)-releasing dressing for the prevention and treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Results show that the bactericidal activity against biofilms of the test strains was dependent on time and rate of gNO release from the dressing. Following 6 h of treatment, gNO-releasing dressings significantly inhibited the growth of test strains relative to vehicle control dressings, demonstrating eradication of bacterial concentrations of up to 10(5) CFU/cm(2). Complete cell death was observed for both prevention of biofilm formation and treatment of 24-h-grown biofilms after 6 h of treatment with the gNO-releasing dressings. Further, gNO-releasing dressings were more efficient against formed biofilms than other antimicrobial agents currently used. These results demonstrate that the gNO-releasing dressing can produce sufficient levels of gNO over a therapeutically relevant duration for maximal bactericidal effects against virulent bacterial strains known to cause nosocomial infections.
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Schairer DO, Chouake JS, Nosanchuk JD, Friedman AJ. The potential of nitric oxide releasing therapies as antimicrobial agents. Virulence 2012; 3:271-9. [PMID: 22546899 PMCID: PMC3442839 DOI: 10.4161/viru.20328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived, diatomic, lipophilic gas that plays an integral role in defending against pathogens. Among its many functions are involvement in immune cell signaling and in the biochemical reactions by which immune cells defend against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. NO signaling directs a broad spectrum of processes, including the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of immune cells. When secreted by activated immune cells, NO diffuses across cellular membranes and exacts nitrosative and oxidative damage on invading pathogens. These observations led to the development of NO delivery systems that can harness the antimicrobial properties of this evanescent gas. The innate microbicidal properties of NO, as well as the antimicrobial activity of the various NO delivery systems, are reviewed.
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