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Zheng M, Guo X, Chen Z, Deng J, Hu M. Association between interpersonal relations and anxiety, depression symptoms, and suicidal ideation among middle school students. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1053341. [PMID: 36866094 PMCID: PMC9971595 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1053341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between different types of interpersonal relationships and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation and discusses the impact of different grades among middle school students. Methods The Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, the Chinese version of the Generalized Anxiety Scale, suicidal ideation questions, and interpersonal relations items were used to measure the depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, suicidal ideation, and interpersonal relations of the participants. The variables of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and interpersonal relations were screened using the Chi-square test and principal component analysis. AMOS17.0 constructs the path of the association between interpersonal relations and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Results The mother-child relationship had direct impacts of -0.06, -0.07, and -0.06 on anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. On anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation, the direct impacts of the father-child relationship were -0.09, -0.03, and -0.08. Moreover, the direct effects of peer relationships on depressive symptoms were -0.04, whereas the direct impact of teacher-student relationships on anxiety and depressive symptoms were -0.10 and -0.09. Further pathway analysis based on grade level showed that in the junior high school model, the direct effect of the mother-child relationship on anxiety and depressive symptoms was -0.18 and -0.16. The direct impact of the father-child relationship on depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation was -0.08 and 0.09. The direct effect of peer relationships on depressive symptoms was -0.08, and the direct impact of the teacher-student relationship on anxiety symptoms was -0.06. In the high school model, the direct effect of the mother-child relationship on suicidal ideation was -0.07, while the direct impact of the father-child relationship on anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation was -0.10, -0.07, and -0.12, respectively. In addition, the direct effects of peer relationships on anxiety and depression were -0.06 and -0.05, and the direct impact of teacher-student relationships on anxiety and depression was -0.10 and -0.11. Conclusion The father-child relationship affects suicidal ideation and depression the most, followed by the mother-child relationship, the teacher-student interaction, and the peer relationship. The teacher-student relationship influences anxiety symptoms the most, followed by the father-child and mother-child relationships. The association between interpersonal interactions and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation varied significantly across grade levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Zheng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Li A, Guessoum SB, Ibrahim N, Lefèvre H, Moro MR, Benoit L. A Systematic Review of Somatic Symptoms in School Refusal. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:715-723. [PMID: 33951013 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE School refusers often display somatic symptoms that are temporally related to school attendance. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize characteristics and causes of somatic symptoms and their management in the context of school refusal. Findings of this review may help clinicians in their daily practice. METHODS PubMed and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched (according to PRISMA guidelines) for articles mentioning somatic symptoms in school refusal by May 2020. Among 1025 identified studies, 148 were included. RESULTS Unspecific somatic symptoms were frequently the first complaints in school refusal. Abdominal pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscular or joint ache, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, and palpitation were the most commonly encountered symptoms and were usually not accounted for by an identifiable physical disease. Anxiety was the most recurrent etiology found, but physicians' lack of awareness about psychological comorbidities often delayed psychological/psychiatric referral. Successful therapies consisted of dialectical behavior therapy, anxiety management through relaxation/breathing training, and ignoring the somatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Somatic symptoms in school refusal are frequent but poorly understood. Their management could include interventions targeting anxiety, psychotherapies such as emotional awareness and expression therapy, third-wave behavioral therapies, and psychoeducation. A multidisciplinary approach through strengthened collaboration between school staff, physicians, and psychologists/psychiatrists is needed to improve well-being in children who experience somatic symptoms as related to school avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Li
- From the AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, Maison des Adolescents-Maison de Solenn, Integrated Youth Health Care Service (Li, Guessoum, Ibrahim, Lefèvre, Moro, Benoit), Paris; Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University (Li), Orsay; University of Paris, PCPP (Guessoum, Ibrahim, Moro), Boulogne-Billancourt; Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy (Guessoum, Ibrahim, Lefèvre, Moro, Benoit), Villejuif, France; Yale School of Medicine, Yale University (Benoit), New Haven, Connecticut; and French Clinical Research Group in Adolescent Medicine and Health (Li, Ibrahim, Lefèvre), Paris, France
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Mohammadi MR, Badrfam R, Khaleghi A, Hooshyari Z, Ahmadi N, Zandifar A. Prevalence, Comorbidity and Predictor of Separation Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Psychiatr Q 2020; 91:1415-1429. [PMID: 32418141 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Separation Anxiety Disorder(SAD) is one of the earliest anxiety disorders. The effect of this disorder on the performance of children and adolescents reveals the need for awareness of the prevalence and comorbidity of this disorder in each region. This study is a cross-sectional analytical study implemented in all provinces of Iran. The instrument used in this study is the Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version(K-SADA-PL) questionnaire. The total number of participants was 29,699. The overall prevalence of SAD was 5.3%. The comorbidity rate of 65.3% was found between SAD and other psychiatric disorders. Specific phobia and oppositional defiant disorder had the highest comorbidity with this disorder in the studied population. The more prevalence of separation anxiety disorder in the age range of 6-9 years old highlights the need for early detection of this disorder and targeting screening programs in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Badrfam
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Khaleghi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hooshyari
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zandifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Lipowska M, Łada AB, Pawlicka P, Jurek P. The use of the Warnke Method in dyslexia therapy for children. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tarantino S, De Ranieri C, Dionisi C, Citti M, Capuano A, Galli F, Guidetti V, Vigevano F, Gentile S, Presaghi F, Valeriani M. Clinical features, anger management and anxiety: a possible correlation in migraine children. J Headache Pain 2013; 14:39. [PMID: 23651123 PMCID: PMC3653764 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological factors can increase severity and intensity of headaches. While great attention has been placed on the presence of anxiety and/or depression as a correlate to a high frequency of migraine attacks, very few studies have analyzed the management of frustration in children with headache. Aim of this study was to analyze the possible correlation between pediatric migraine severity (frequency and intensity of attacks) and the psychological profile, with particular attention to the anger management style. METHODS We studied 62 migraineurs (mean age 11.2 ± 2.1 years; 29 M and 33 F). Patients were divided into four groups according to the attack frequency (low, intermediate, high frequency, and chronic migraine). Pain intensity was rated on a 3-levels graduate scale (mild, moderate and severe pain). Psychological profile was assessed by Picture Frustration Study test for anger management and SAFA-A scale for anxiety. RESULTS We found a relationship between IA/OD index (tendency to inhibit anger expression) and both attack frequency (r = 0.328, p = 0.041) and intensity (r = 0.413, p = 0.010). When we analyzed the relationship between anxiety and the headache features, a negative and significant correlation emerged between separation anxiety (SAFA-A Se) and the frequency of attacks (r = -0.409, p = 0.006). In our patients, the tendency to express and emphasize the presence of the frustrating obstacle (EA/OD index) showed a positive correlation with anxiety level (“Total anxiety” scale: r = 0.345; p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that children suffering from severe migraine tend to inhibit their angry feelings. On the contrary, children with low migraine attack frequency express their anger and suffer from separation anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Tarantino
- Division of Neurology, Headache Centre, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana De Ranieri
- Unit of Clinical Psychology Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Dionisi
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Citti
- Division of Neurology, Headache Centre, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Capuano
- Division of Neurology, Headache Centre, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Galli
- Headache Science Centre of the IRCCS “National Institute of Neurology C. Mondino” Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guidetti
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Vigevano
- Division of Neurology, Headache Centre, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Gentile
- Unit of Clinical Psychology Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Presaghi
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Division of Neurology, Headache Centre, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Lee BO. Ambivalence over emotional expression and symptom attribution are associated with self-reported somatic symptoms in Singaporean school adolescents. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Haley T, Puskar K, Terhorst L. Psychometric properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders in a rural high school population. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2012; 24:23-32. [PMID: 21272112 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2010.00264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Evaluate psychometric properties of the 41-item SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders) when used with a rural community-dwelling sample. METHODS As part of a randomized controlled trial, SCARED was administered to 193 adolescents in a rural high-school setting. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure were assessed. FINDINGS Adequate internal consistency (α= 0.93) and test-retest reliability (r= 0.703) were demonstrated. Five factors were identified with a differing composition than previously reported. CONCLUSIONS The SCARED was found to be a reliable tool in the rural adolescent population. Differences in some factors suggest further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Haley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh at Bradford, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Park S, Cho MJ, Chang SM, Bae JN, Jeon HJ, Cho SJ, Kim BS, Chung IW, Ahn JH, Lee HW, Hong JP. Relationships of sleep duration with sociodemographic and health-related factors, psychiatric disorders and sleep disturbances in a community sample of Korean adults. J Sleep Res 2011; 19:567-77. [PMID: 20477953 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00841.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine relationships of sleep duration with sociodemographic and health-related factors, psychiatric disorders and sleep disturbances in a nationwide sample in Korea. A total of 6510 subjects aged 18-64 years participated in this study. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the covariates, psychiatric disorders and sleep disturbances across the following sleep duration categories: 5 h or less, 6, 7, 8 and 9 h or more per day. Low levels of education, unemployment and physical illness were associated with sleeping for 5 h or less and 9 h or more. Being older and widowed/divorced/separated, high levels of physical activity, pain/discomfort, obesity and high scores on the General Health Questionnaires were associated with sleeping for 5 h or less. Female, being younger and underweight were associated with sleeping for 9 h or more. Alcohol dependence, anxiety disorder and social phobia were associated significantly with sleeping for 5 h or less and 9 h or more. Other psychiatric disorders were more common in subjects who slept for 5 h or less (e.g. alcohol use disorder, mood disorder, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and specific phobia) or 9 h or more (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder). In addition, subjects who slept for 5 h or less reported more sleep disturbances than did subjects who slept for 7 h. Short or long sleep is associated with psychiatric disorders and/or sleep disturbance, therefore attention to the mental health of short or long sleepers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Identification of suicide risk among rural youth: implications for the use of HEADSS. J Pediatr Health Care 2010; 24:152-67. [PMID: 20417887 PMCID: PMC2863017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurse practitioners have the power to assess psychosocial risk and detect and prevent suicide, a problem plaguing rural areas of the United States. Suicide risk assessment can be completed using the Home, Education, Activities, Drug use and abuse, Sexual behavior, and Suicidality and depression (HEADSS) interview instrument. The purpose of this study was to determine if HEADSS is appropriate for guiding suicide risk assessment of rural adolescents. METHOD High school students in Southwestern Pennsylvania completed qualitative questions from the Child Behavior Checklist and Coping Response Inventory as part of the Intervention to Promote Mental Health in Rural Youth. Qualitative content analysis was performed. RESULTS Prominent themes identified by participants included academic performance, relationships, dislikes about school, friends, death, mental health, and the future. Several minor themes concerned safety. Most known risk factors for suicide were concerns of participants. DISCUSSION The expansion of HEADSS to include death and safety should be considered. The modified version-HEADDSSS-can be used to guide suicide risk assessment of youth in rural Pennsylvania, ensuring both thoroughness of assessment and safety.
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Puskar K, Bernardo LM, Ren D, Stark KH, Lester S. Sex differences in self-reported anxiety in rural adolescents. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2009; 18:417-23. [PMID: 19883413 PMCID: PMC2784670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2009.00622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An anxiety disorder affects 13 out of every 100 children. The purpose of this paper is to determine if there are differences in self-reported anxiety between male and female rural adolescents. In total, 193 students aged 14-17 years in three western Pennsylvania rural high schools, USA, were surveyed. The majority of participants were Caucasian (86.5%, n = 167), female (53.4%, n = 103), and aged 15.57 years (SD = 0.93). The females' mean self-reported anxiety score was higher than the males' score (P < 0.0001). The females' mean score was 25.09 (SD = 13.83; a score > or =25 may indicate the need for further evaluation for the presence of a potential anxiety disorder), while the males' mean score was 16.88 (SD = 10.81). Of interest, all the five factor (specific types of anxiety) scores were significantly different between males and females at P < 0.05. Evidence-based implications for the mental health nurse's practice will be discussed. Anxiety screening is promoted to identify adolescents who may need mental health treatment and referrals, especially rural female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Puskar
- Department of Health and Community Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
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Hamdan-Mansour AM, Kim Y, Puskar K, Amer HM. Psychometric qualities of the coping response inventory-youth form. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2008; 29:371-85. [PMID: 18382915 DOI: 10.1080/01612840801904423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric qualities of the Coping Response Inventory-Youth (CRI-Y) form. Participants were 376 females and 248 males (age 15.9 + 1.0 year) recruited from four rural high schools in Western Pennsylvania who completed the CRI-Y as part of the instrument battery of a longitudinal study. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factorial validity of the CRI-Y scale, and reliability coefficients were examined to address the reliability of the scale. The eight subscales of CRI-Y exhibited low to moderate reliability coefficients (from .47 to .70). The approach, avoidance, cognitive, and behavioral coping domains and total CRI-Y showed good reliability coefficients (.81, .87, .85, .84, and .91, respectively). Factor analysis of CRI-Y subscales exhibited a unidimensionality of the subscales with a one-factor solution explaining 28%-40% of the total variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Hamdan-Mansour
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
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Puskar K, Ren D, Bernardo LM, Haley T, Stark KH. Anger correlated with psychosocial variables in rural youth. ISSUES IN COMPREHENSIVE PEDIATRIC NURSING 2008; 31:71-87. [PMID: 18569198 PMCID: PMC2771611 DOI: 10.1080/01460860802023513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled anger is a contributing force in the three leading causes of adolescent death: homicide, suicide, and injuries. Anger may be one of the early warning signs which could lead to violent behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anger experience and expression with the potential correlates of life events, perceived social support, self-esteem, optimism, drug use, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in rural adolescents. The participants (n = 193) were aged 14 to 17 years old in ninth through eleventh grades enrolled at three rural Western Pennsylvania public high schools. Participants completed nine questionnaires. Negative life events, anxiety, drug use, and depressive symptoms had significant positive correlations with anger. In addition, anger was found to have significant negative correlations with the adolescents' perceived family support, self-esteem, and optimism. With this knowledge, health promotion programs conducted by pediatric nurses can target anxiety, drug use, and depressive symptoms while bolstering family support, self-esteem, and optimism to promote anger management in adolescent health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Puskar
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE This article discusses how school nurses promote mental health and subsequent academic achievement by screening and referral for children demonstrating mental health problems. Nursing interventions are discussed at the individual, systems, and community levels. CONCLUSION Mental health problems can affect school performance and academic achievement. When mental health problems are not recognized, students may be unable to reach their academic potential. School nurses are in a key position to provide interventions to address mental health and academic achievement. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The role of school nurses and examples of mental health collaborative activities are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Rose Puskar
- Psychiatric CNS Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Lutz WJ, Warren BJ. The state of nursing science--cultural and lifespan issues in depression: part II: focus on children and adolescents. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2007; 28:749-64. [PMID: 17654109 DOI: 10.1080/01612840701405091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The manifestation of depressive phenomena is a complex, dynamic biopsychosocial process across cultures and the lifespan. Without appropriate treatment, depression persists and can have significant negative effects on the lives of youth, including an increased risk of suicide. Psychiatric mental-health (PMH) nurses are uniquely positioned to address this health concern. This manuscript is Part II of a review of current nursing literature on culture and lifespan aspects of depression. The review presented in Part II focuses on children and adolescents. This information can be used to enhance PMH nurses' knowledge of current nursing research and their efforts in addressing prevention, early intervention, education, and treatment of youth who experience depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma J Lutz
- Ohio Department of Mental Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Delaney KR. Top 10 Milieu Interventions for Inpatient Child/Adolescent Treatment. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2006; 19:203-14. [PMID: 17118055 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2006.00072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Presented in this article are 10 interventions to deal with children and adolescents on inpatient psychiatric units. The 10 are divided into three categories: behavioral, cognitive, and affective. The interventions discussed are particularly relevant to staff in their efforts to help children and adolescents achieve control over their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Each intervention includes a summary of the theory that supports its efficacy, a brief explanation of the intervention, and methods for applying the technique in clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Delaney
- Rush College of Nursing in Chicago, and Children's Inpatient Unit, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Haavet OR, Dalen I, Straand J. Depressive symptoms in adolescent pupils are heavily influenced by the school they go to. A study of 10th grade pupils in Oslo, Norway. Eur J Public Health 2005; 16:400-4. [PMID: 16207727 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cki197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A school is generally acknowledged to be a key setting for promoting pupils' health and well-being. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted with all 10th grade pupils in 46 public schools. Depressive symptoms was defined by a positive score on Hopkin's Symptom Check List-10 (HSCL-10). Two composite variables expressing risk were established: (i) presence of negative factors (PNF), consisting of self-reported pressure to succeed, sexual violation, and exposure to bullying and violence; and (ii) absence of positive factors (APF), comprising respondents' self-reported physical activity, educational aspirations, and family's valuing their opinions. RESULTS Out of 7505 pupils, complete data were obtained for 6207. The prevalence of symptoms of depression varied greatly among different schools (boys, from 0 to 19%; girls, from 3.3 to 39%). The PNF varied from 12.3 to 45.5% for boys, and from 4.2 to 38.8% for girls. Corresponding figures for APF were 2.4-23.1% for boys and 4.3-37.5% for girls. Among boys, we found significant associations between PNF and symptoms of depression, odds ratio (95% CI) 4.5 (3.5-5.8), and between APF and depressive symptoms, 3.1 (2.3-4.1). For girls, corresponding odds ratios were 3.5 (2.9-4.2) and 2.1 (1.7-2.6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of pupils with depressive symptoms varies greatly among Oslo public schools. This variation is associated with features of the pupils' social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole R Haavet
- Section for General Practice, Department of General Practice and Community Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
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