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Maza-Villalobos S, García-Ramírez P, Endress BA, Lopez-Toledo L. Plant functional traits under cattle grazing and fallow age scenarios in a tropical dry forest of Northwestern Mexico. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Castro AFD, Medeiros-Sarmento PSD, Caldeira CF, Ramos SJ, Gastauer M. Phylogenetic clustering of tree communities decreases with stand age and environmental quality along a mineland rehabilitation chronosequence. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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3
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A Hawaiian Tropical Dry Forest Regenerates: Natural Regeneration of Endangered Species under Biocultural Restoration. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tropical dry forests (TDFs) are among the most at-risk ecosystems globally. In Hawai‘i, more than 45% of TDF species are threatened or endangered. Despite decades of active TDF restoration, there remains limited information on the potential for long-term success, since there are few studies of natural regeneration. We assess natural regeneration of endangered plants at Ka‘ūpūlehu dryland forest, a Hawaiian biocultural restoration initiative. Drawing on 6 annual censuses we (1) assess rates and patterns of natural regeneration across species and as a function of rainfall and (2) identify bottlenecks. Our surveys document natural recruits of 11 of the 12 endangered species first outplanted 15–20 years ago. Higher annual rainfall increased the number of new recruits per year and growth, but decreased survival of larger recruits. The total number of natural recruits increased three-fold over the study period and varied across species. For nearly half of the species, we documented a second generation of recruits. Successes appear to be a function of time, including a changing microclimate and adaptive management practices. Remaining bottlenecks include lack of seed dispersal, and seed predation and herbivory by introduced species. The success at Ka‘ūpūlehu highlights the potential for TDF restoration and the value of a biocultural approach.
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Saenz-Pedroza I, Feldman R, Reyes-García C, Meave JA, Calvo-Irabien LM, May-Pat F, Dupuy JM. Seasonal and successional dynamics of size-dependent plant demographic rates in a tropical dry forest. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9636. [PMID: 32983631 PMCID: PMC7497611 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests are globally important for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation but are being converted to other land uses. Conversion of seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) is particularly high while their protection is low. Secondary succession allows forests to recover their structure, diversity and composition after conversion and subsequent abandonment and is influenced by demographic rates of the constituent species. However, how these rates vary between seasons for different plant sizes at different successional stages in SDTF is not known. The effect of seasonal drought may be more severe early in succession, when temperature and radiation are high, while competition and density-dependent processes may be more important at later stages, when vegetation is tall and dense. Besides, the effects of seasonality and successional stage may vary with plant size. Large plants can better compete with small plants for limiting resources and may also have a greater capacity to withstand stress. We asked how size-dependent density, species density, recruitment and mortality varied between seasons and successional stages in a SDTF. We monitored a chronosequence in Yucatan, Mexico, over six years in three 0.1 ha plots in each of three successional stages: early (3–5 years-old), intermediate (18–20 years-old) and advanced (>50 years-old). Recruitment, mortality and species gain and loss rates were calculated from wet and dry season censuses separately for large (diameter > 5 cm) and small (1–5 cm in diameter) plants. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess the effects of successional stage, seasonality and their changes through time on demographic rates and on plant and species density. Seasonality affected demographic rates and density of large plants, which exhibited high wet-season recruitment and species gain rates at the early stage and high wet-season mortality at the intermediate stage, resulting in an increase in plant and species density early in succession followed by a subsequent stabilization. Small plant density decreased steadily after only 5 years of land abandonment, whereas species density increased with successional stage. A decline in species dominance may be responsible for these contrasting patterns. Seasonality, successional stage and their changes through time had a stronger influence on large plants, likely because of large among-plot variation of small plants. Notwithstanding the short duration of our study, our results suggest that climate-change driven decreases in rainy season precipitation may have an influence on successional dynamics in our study forest as strong as, or even stronger than, prolonged or severe droughts during the dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving Saenz-Pedroza
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Richard Feldman
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Casandra Reyes-García
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Jorge A Meave
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luz Maria Calvo-Irabien
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Filogonio May-Pat
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Juan M Dupuy
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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Boege K, Villa‐Galaviz E, López‐Carretero A, Pérez‐Ishiwara R, Zaldivar‐Riverón A, Ibarra A, del‐Val E. Temporal variation in the influence of forest succession on caterpillar communities: A long‐term study in a tropical dry forest. Biotropica 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Boege
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Edith Villa‐Galaviz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia México
| | - Antonio López‐Carretero
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
- Centro GEMA de Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente Universidad Mayor Santiago Chile
| | - Rubén Pérez‐Ishiwara
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Alejandro Zaldivar‐Riverón
- Colección Nacional de Insectos Instituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Adolfo Ibarra
- Instituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Ek del‐Val
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia México
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia México
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6
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Ramos-Fabiel MA, Pérez-García EA, González EJ, Yáñez-Ordoñez O, Meave JA. Successional dynamics of the bee community in a tropical dry forest: Insights from taxonomy and functional ecology. Biotropica 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melbi A. Ramos-Fabiel
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Eduardo A. Pérez-García
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Edgar J. González
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Olivia Yáñez-Ordoñez
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Jorge A. Meave
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
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7
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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore communities of a tropical dry forest ecosystem show resilience to land-use change. FUNGAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Becknell JM, Porder S, Hancock S, Chazdon RL, Hofton MA, Blair JB, Kellner JR. Chronosequence predictions are robust in a Neotropical secondary forest, but plots miss the mark. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:933-943. [PMID: 29284191 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropical secondary forests (TSF) are a global carbon sink of 1.6 Pg C/year. However, TSF carbon uptake is estimated using chronosequence studies that assume differently aged forests can be used to predict change in aboveground biomass density (AGBD) over time. We tested this assumption using two airborne lidar datasets separated by 11.5 years over a Neotropical landscape. Using data from 1998, we predicted canopy height and AGBD within 1.1 and 10.3% of observations in 2009, with higher accuracy for forest height than AGBD and for older TSFs in comparison to younger ones. This result indicates that the space-for-time assumption is robust at the landscape-scale. However, since lidar measurements of secondary tropical forest are rare, we used the 1998 lidar dataset to test how well plot-based studies quantify the mean TSF height and biomass in a landscape. We found that the sample area required to produce estimates of height or AGBD close to the landscape mean is larger than the typical area sampled in secondary forest chronosequence studies. For example, estimating AGBD within 10% of the landscape mean requires more than thirty 0.1 ha plots per age class, and more total area for larger plots. We conclude that under-sampling in ground-based studies may introduce error into estimations of the TSF carbon sink, and that this error can be reduced by more extensive use of lidar measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Becknell
- Environmental Studies Program, Colby College, Waterville, ME, USA
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephen Porder
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Steven Hancock
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Robin L Chazdon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michelle A Hofton
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - James B Blair
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - James R Kellner
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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9
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Suazo-Ortuño I, Urbina-Cardona JN, Lara-Uribe N, Marroquín-Páramo J, Soto-Sandoval Y, Rangel-Orozco J, Lopez-Toledo L, Benítez-Malvido J, Alvarado-Díaz J. Impact of a hurricane on the herpetofaunal assemblages of a successional chronosequence in a tropical dry forest. Biotropica 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ireri Suazo-Ortuño
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - José Nicolás Urbina-Cardona
- Departamento de Ecología y Territorio; Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Carrera 7 No. 40-62 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Nancy Lara-Uribe
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - Jorge Marroquín-Páramo
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - Yunuen Soto-Sandoval
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - Jorge Rangel-Orozco
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - Leonel Lopez-Toledo
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
| | - Julieta Benítez-Malvido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro no. 8701, Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta Morelia Michoacán CP 59180 México
| | - Javier Alvarado-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo; Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza Morelia Michoacán CP 58330 México
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10
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Kohyama TS, Kohyama TI, Sheil D. Definition and estimation of vital rates from repeated censuses: Choices, comparisons and bias corrections focusing on trees. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuo I. Kohyama
- Faculty of Environmental Earth ScienceHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Douglas Sheil
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway
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11
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Navarrete D, Sitch S, Aragão LEOC, Pedroni L. Conversion from forests to pastures in the Colombian Amazon leads to contrasting soil carbon dynamics depending on land management practices. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:3503-3517. [PMID: 26929394 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to mitigate climate change by reducing deforestation and forest degradation (e.g. REDD+) require country- or region-specific information on temporal changes in forest carbon (C) pools to develop accurate emission factors. The soil C pool is one of the most important C reservoirs, but is rarely included in national forest reference emission levels due to a lack of data. Here, we present the soil organic C (SOC) dynamics along 20 years of forest-to-pasture conversion in two subregions with different management practices during pasture establishment in the Colombian Amazon: high-grazing intensity (HG) and low-grazing intensity (LG) subregions. We determined the pattern of SOC change resulting from the conversion from forest (C3 plants) to pasture (C4 plants) by analysing total SOC stocks and the natural abundance of the stable isotopes (13) C along two 20-year chronosequences identified in each subregion. We also analysed soil N stocks and the natural abundance of (15) N during pasture establishment. In general, total SOC stocks at 30 cm depth in the forest were similar for both subregions, with an average of 47.1 ± 1.8 Mg C ha(-1) in HG and 48.7 ± 3.1 Mg C ha(-1) in LG. However, 20 years after forest-to-pasture conversion SOC in HG decreased by 20%, whereas in LG SOC increased by 41%. This net SOC decrease in HG was due to a larger reduction in C3-derived input and to a comparatively smaller increase in C4-derived C input. In LG both C3- and C4-derived C input increased along the chronosequence. N stocks were generally similar in both subregions and soil N stock changes during pasture establishment were correlated with SOC changes. These results emphasize the importance of management practices involving low-grazing intensity in cattle activities to preserve SOC stocks and to reduce C emissions after land-cover change from forest to pasture in the Colombian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Navarrete
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Stephen Sitch
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research, Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, 12227-010, Brazil
| | - Lucio Pedroni
- Carbon Decisions International, Residencial la Castilla, de la primera entrada, 6ta casa a mano derecha, Paraíso de Cartago, Costa Rica
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12
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Sobrinho MS, Tabarelli M, Machado IC, Sfair JC, Bruna EM, Lopes AV. Land use, fallow period and the recovery of a Caatinga forest. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa S. Sobrinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE 50372-970 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tabarelli
- Departamento de Botânica; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE 50372-970 Brazil
| | - Isabel C. Machado
- Departamento de Botânica; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE 50372-970 Brazil
| | - Júlia C. Sfair
- Departamento de Botânica; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE 50372-970 Brazil
| | - Emilio M. Bruna
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation; University of Florida; 32611-0430 Gainesville Florida U.S.A
| | - Ariadna V. Lopes
- Departamento de Botânica; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE 50372-970 Brazil
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13
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Derroire G, Tigabu M, Odén PC, Healey JR. The Effects of Established Trees on Woody Regeneration during Secondary Succession in Tropical Dry Forests. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Derroire
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography; Bangor University; Bangor Gwynedd LL57 2UW U.K
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre; Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences; PO Box 49 SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden
| | - Mulualem Tigabu
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre; Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences; PO Box 49 SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden
| | - Per Christer Odén
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre; Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences; PO Box 49 SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden
| | - John R. Healey
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography; Bangor University; Bangor Gwynedd LL57 2UW U.K
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14
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Pineda-García F, Paz H, Meinzer FC, Angeles G. Exploiting water versus tolerating drought: water-use strategies of trees in a secondary successional tropical dry forest. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 36:208-217. [PMID: 26687176 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpv124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In seasonal plant communities where water availability changes dramatically both between and within seasons, understanding the mechanisms that enable plants to exploit water pulses and to survive drought periods is crucial. By measuring rates of physiological processes, we examined the trade-off between water exploitation and drought tolerance among seedlings of trees of a tropical dry forest, and identified biophysical traits most closely associated with plant water-use strategies. We also explored whether early and late secondary successional species occupy different portions of trade-off axes. As predicted, species that maintained carbon capture, hydraulic function and leaf area at higher plant water deficits during drought had low photosynthetic rates, xylem hydraulic conductivity and growth rate under non-limiting water supply. Drought tolerance was associated with more dense leaf, stem and root tissues, whereas rapid resource acquisition was associated with greater stem water storage, larger vessel diameter and larger leaf area per mass invested. We offer evidence that the water exploitation versus drought tolerance trade-off drives species differentiation in the ability of tropical dry forest trees to deal with alternating water-drought pulses. However, we detected no evidence of strong functional differentiation between early and late successional species along the proposed trade-off axes, suggesting that the environmental gradient of water availability across secondary successional habitats in the dry tropics does not filter out physiological strategies of water use among species, at least at the seedling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pineda-García
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Unidad Morelia, Antigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 8701, CP 58190, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Horacio Paz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Morelia, 58190 Morelia, Mexico
| | - Frederick C Meinzer
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Guillermo Angeles
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología A.C., 91070 Xalapa, Mexico
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15
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Paz H, Pineda-García F, Pinzón-Pérez LF. Root depth and morphology in response to soil drought: comparing ecological groups along the secondary succession in a tropical dry forest. Oecologia 2015; 179:551-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Suganuma MS, Durigan G. Indicators of restoration success in riparian tropical forests using multiple reference ecosystems. Restor Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcio S. Suganuma
- Forestry Institute of São Paulo State; Assis State Forest; PO Box 104 19802-970 Assis São Paulo Brazil
- University of São Paulo/EESC; Environmental Engineer Science (PPG-SEA); São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Giselda Durigan
- Forestry Institute of São Paulo State; Assis State Forest; PO Box 104 19802-970 Assis São Paulo Brazil
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17
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Mora F, Martínez-Ramos M, Ibarra-Manríquez G, Pérez-Jiménez A, Trilleras J, Balvanera P. Testing Chronosequences through Dynamic Approaches: Time and Site Effects on Tropical Dry Forest Succession. Biotropica 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Mora
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta CP 58190 Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Miguel Martínez-Ramos
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta CP 58190 Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta CP 58190 Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Alfredo Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Biología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Copilco, Del. Coyoacán C.P. 04510 México DF Mexico
| | - Jenny Trilleras
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta CP 58190 Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Patricia Balvanera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta CP 58190 Morelia Michoacán Mexico
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18
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Regeneration beneath a dioecious tree species ( Spondias purpurea) in a Mexican tropical dry forest. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467414000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:In dioecious plant species different frugivore activity between genders may influence the abundance and richness of the seedling banks underneath their canopies throughout seed removal and dispersal. In the tropical dry forest of Chamela, on the Pacific Coast of Mexico, the role of S. purpurea female trees as nucleation sites of regeneration was investigated. The standing density, species richness and dispersal syndrome of woody seedlings (i.e. trees and shrubs, 10–100 cm tall) recruited underneath and outside the canopy of 10 male and 10 female S. purpurea trees were recorded in a total of 160 1-m2 plots. Total density was greater in seedling communities associated with female trees (i.e. underneath and outside their canopies) as compared with male trees (231 vs. 153 seedlings, respectively); whereas overall species richness was greater underneath female canopies. Further, the density of zoochorous species were greater underneath the canopy of S. purpurea females (range = 0–5 plants m−2), than elsewhere (outside female canopies, range = 0–3 plants m−2; underneath and outside male canopies, range = 0–2 plants m−2), suggesting a directional dispersal bias towards them. Females of dioecious plant species may act as nucleation sites of initial seedling recruitment in tropical dry forests.
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Effects of ENSO and temporal rainfall variation on the dynamics of successional communities in old-field succession of a tropical dry forest. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82040. [PMID: 24349179 PMCID: PMC3861369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of temporal variation of rainfall on secondary succession of tropical dry ecosystems are poorly understood. We studied effects of inter-seasonal and inter-year rainfall variation on the dynamics of regenerative successional communities of a tropical dry forest in Mexico. We emphasized the effects caused by the severe El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurred in 2005. We established permanent plots in sites representing a chronosequence of Pasture (abandoned pastures, 0–1 years fallow age), Early (3–5), Intermediate (8–12), and Old-Growth Forest categories (n = 3 per category). In total, 8210 shrubs and trees 10 to 100-cm height were identified, measured, and monitored over four years. Rates of plant recruitment, growth and mortality, and gain and loss of species were quantified per season (dry vs. rainy), year, and successional category, considering whole communities and separating seedlings from sprouts and shrubs from trees. Community rates changed with rainfall variation without almost any effect of successional stage. Mortality and species loss rates peaked during the ENSO year and the following year; however, after two rainy years mortality peaked in the rainy season. Such changes could result from the severe drought in the ENSO year, and of the outbreak of biotic agents during the following rainy years. Growth, recruitment and species gain rates were higher in the rainy season but they were significantly reduced after the ENSO year. Seedlings exhibited higher recruitment and mortality rate than sprouts, and shrubs showed higher recruitment than trees. ENSO strongly impacted both the dynamics and trajectory of succession, creating transient fluctuations in the abundance and species richness of the communities. Overall, there was a net decline in plant and species density in most successional stages along the years. Therefore, strong drought events have critical consequences for regeneration dynamics, delaying the successional process and modifying the resilience of these systems.
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Effects of burial and storage on germination and seed reserves of 18 tree species in a tropical deciduous forest in Mexico. Oecologia 2013; 174:33-44. [PMID: 24002712 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The changes in germination and seed reserve composition that occur while seeds are stored in the laboratory or buried in the soil are important for understanding the potential and ecological longevity of seeds as well as seed-bank dynamics. Both germination and seed-bank dynamics depend on water availability. We studied 18 tree species, including those with permeable or impermeable seeds, from a tropical deciduous forest in Mexico. We measured seed germination in a growth chamber after (1) dispersal, (2) laboratory storage, (3) seed burial at two field sites and directly in the field, and (4) two rainy seasons. Lipids, nitrogen, and nonstructural carbohydrates were quantified after dispersal and after laboratory or field storage. Sixteen species were viable after three periods of laboratory storage (~3 years). Eleven species were viable after two burial periods in the field (~2 years). Nitrogen concentration decreased after storage and burial in 11 species. Species lipid concentration had a negative relationship with species water content at dispersal and after one burial period, whereas nonstructural carbohydrates showed the opposite trend. Potential and ecological longevities were similar in impermeable seeds. Most of the species studied can form persistent seed banks consisting mainly of species with impermeable seeds that can remain in the soil without degrading their viability. Germination in the field is staggered following natural precipitation pulses as a strategy to stagger seedling recruitment, which may insure against unfavorable conditions.
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Pineda-García F, Paz H, Meinzer FC. Drought resistance in early and late secondary successional species from a tropical dry forest: the interplay between xylem resistance to embolism, sapwood water storage and leaf shedding. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2013; 36:405-18. [PMID: 22812458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of drought resistance that allow plants to successfully establish at different stages of secondary succession in tropical dry forests are not well understood. We characterized mechanisms of drought resistance in early and late-successional species and tested whether risk of drought differs across sites at different successional stages, and whether early and late-successional species differ in resistance to experimentally imposed soil drought. The microenvironment in early successional sites was warmer and drier than in mature forest. Nevertheless, successional groups did not differ in resistance to soil drought. Late-successional species resisted drought through two independent mechanisms: high resistance of xylem to embolism, or reliance on high stem water storage capacity. High sapwood water reserves delayed the effects of soil drying by transiently decoupling plant and soil water status. Resistance to soil drought resulted from the interplay between variations in xylem vulnerability to embolism, reliance on sapwood water reserves and leaf area reduction, leading to a tradeoff of avoidance against tolerance of soil drought, along which successional groups were not differentiated. Overall, our data suggest that ranking species' performance under soil drought based solely on xylem resistance to embolism may be misleading, especially for species with high sapwood water storage capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pineda-García
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, campus Morelia, Morelia, Mexico.
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Alvarez-Añorve MY, Quesada M, Sánchez-Azofeifa GA, Avila-Cabadilla LD, Gamon JA. Functional regeneration and spectral reflectance of trees during succession in a highly diverse tropical dry forest ecosystem. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2012; 99:816-826. [PMID: 22523349 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The function of most ecosystems has been altered by human activities. To asses the recovery of plant communities, we must evaluate the recovery of plant functional traits. The seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF), a highly threatened ecosystem, is assumed to recover relatively quickly from disturbance, but an integrated evaluation of recovery in floristic, structural, and functional terms has not been performed. In this study we aimed to (a) compare SDTF plant functional, floristic, and structural change along succession; (b) identify tree functional groups; and (c) explore the spectral properties of different successional stages. METHODS Across a SDTF successional gradient, we evaluated the change of species composition, vegetation structure, and leaf spectral reflectance and functional traits (related to water use, light acquisition, nutrient conservation, and CO(2) acquisition) of 25 abundant tree species. KEY RESULTS A complete recovery of SDTF takes longer than the time period inferred from floristic or structural data. Plant functional traits changed along succession from those that maximize photoprotection and heat dissipation in early succession, where temperature is an environmental constraint, to those that enhance light acquisition in late succession, where light may be limiting. A spectral indicator of plant photosynthetic performance (photochemical reflectance index) discriminated between early and late succession. This constitutes a foundation for further exploration of remote sensing technologies for studying tropical succession. CONCLUSIONS A functional approach should be incorporated as a regular descriptor of forest succession because it provides a richer understanding of vegetation dynamics than is offered by either the floristic or structural approach alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Y Alvarez-Añorve
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-3 (Xangari), Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
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