1
|
Guo X, Yu R, Xu Y, Lian R, Yu Y, Cui Z, Ji Q, Chen J, Li Z, Liu H, Chen J. PAC1R agonist maxadilan enhances hADSC viability and neural differentiation potential. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:874-90. [PMID: 26798992 PMCID: PMC4831362 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a structurally endogenous peptide with many biological roles. However, little is known about its presence or effects in human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs). In this study, the expression of PACAP type I receptor (PAC1R) was first confirmed in hADSCs. Maxadilan, a specific agonist of PAC1R, could increase hADSC proliferation as determined by Cell Counting Kit‐8 and cell cycle analysis and promote migration as shown in wound‐healing assays. Maxadilan also showed anti‐apoptotic activity in hADSCs against serum withdrawal‐induced apoptosis based on Annexin V/propidium iodide analysis and mitochondrial membrane potential assays. The anti‐apoptotic effects of maxadilan correlated with the down‐regulation of Cleaved Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 as well as up‐regulation of Bcl‐2. The chemical neural differentiation potential could be enhanced by maxadilan as indicated through quantitative PCR, Western blot and cell morphology analysis. Moreover, cytokine neural redifferentiation of hADSCs treated with maxadilan acquired stronger neuron‐like functions with higher voltage‐dependent tetrodotoxin‐sensitive sodium currents, higher outward potassium currents and partial electrical impulses as determined using whole‐cell patch clamp recordings. Maxadilan up‐regulated the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway associated with dimer‐dependent activity of PAC1R, promoting cell viability that was inhibited by XAV939, and it also activated the protein kinase A (PKA) signalling pathway associated with ligand‐dependent activity of PAC1R, enhancing cell viability and neural differentiation potential that was inhibited by H‐89. In summary, these results demonstrated that PAC1R is present in hADSCs, and maxadilan could enhance hADSC viability and neural differentiation potential in neural differentiation medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Guo
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongjie Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiling Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yankun Yu
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Department of Cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junhe Chen
- Department of Mathematics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Eye Institute, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Eye Institute, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Irwin M, Greig A, Tvrdik P, Lucero MT. PACAP modulation of calcium ion activity in developing granule cells of the neonatal mouse olfactory bulb. J Neurophysiol 2014; 113:1234-48. [PMID: 25475351 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00594.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca(2+) activity in the CNS is critical for the establishment of developing neuronal circuitry prior to and during early sensory input. In developing olfactory bulb (OB), the neuromodulators that enhance network activity are largely unknown. Here we provide evidence that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP)-specific PAC1 receptors (PAC1Rs) expressed in postnatal day (P)2-P5 mouse OB are functional and enhance network activity as measured by increases in calcium in genetically identified granule cells (GCs). We used confocal Ca(2+) imaging of OB slices from Dlx2-tdTomato mice to visualize GABAergic GCs. To address whether the PACAP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations were direct or indirect effects of PAC1R activation, we used antagonists for the GABA receptors (GABARs) and/or glutamate receptors (GluRs) in the presence and absence of PACAP. Combined block of GABARs and GluRs yielded a 66% decrease in the numbers of PACAP-responsive cells, suggesting that 34% of OB neurons are directly activated by PACAP. Similarly, immunocytochemistry using anti-PAC1 antibody showed that 34% of OB neurons express PAC1R. Blocking either GluRs or GABARs alone indirectly showed that PACAP stimulates release of both glutamate and GABA, which activate GCs. The appearance of PACAP-induced Ca(2+) activity in immature GCs suggests a role for PACAP in GC maturation. To conclude, we find that PACAP has both direct and indirect effects on neonatal OB GABAergic cells and may enhance network activity by promoting glutamate and GABA release. Furthermore, the numbers of PACAP-responsive GCs significantly increased between P2 and P5, suggesting that PACAP-induced Ca(2+) activity contributes to neonatal OB development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mavis Irwin
- Department of Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ann Greig
- Department of Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Petr Tvrdik
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Mary T Lucero
- Department of Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, American University of the Caribbean, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, Netherlands Antilles
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lugo JM, Oliva A, Morales A, Reyes O, Garay HE, Herrera F, Cabrales A, Pérez E, Estrada MP. The biological role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in growth and feeding behavior in juvenile fish. J Pept Sci 2011; 16:633-43. [PMID: 20853308 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To date, many technologies have been developed to increase efficiency in aquaculture, but very few successful biotechnology molecules have arrived on the market. In this context, marine biotechnology has an opportunity to develop products to improve the output of fish in aquaculture. Published in vivo studies on the action of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in fish are scarce. Recently, our group, for the first time, demonstrated the biological role of this neuropeptide administrated by immersion baths in the growth and development of larval fish. In this work, we have evaluated the effects of recombinant Clarias gariepinus PACAP administration by intraperitoneal injection on growth performance and feeding behavior in juvenile fish. Our results showed the physiological role of this peptide for growth control in fish, including the juvenile stage, and confirm that its biological functions are well conserved in fish, since C. gariepinus PACAP stimulated growth in juvenile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. In addition, we have observed that the growth-promoting effect of PACAP in juvenile tilapia was correlated with higher GH concentration in serum. With regard to the neuroendocrine regulation of growth control by PACAP, it was demonstrated that PACAP stimulates food intake in juvenile tilapia. In general, PACAP appears to act in the regulation of the growth control in juvenile fish. These findings propose that PACAP is a prominent target with the potential to stimulate fish growth in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juana Maria Lugo
- Aquatic Biotechnology Department, Animal Biotechnology Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, PO Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Self-cleaving fusion tags for recombinant protein production. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 33:869-81. [PMID: 21267760 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fusion expression is a common practice for recombinant protein production. Some fusion tags confer solubility on the target protein whereas others provide affinity handles that facilitate purification. However, the tag usually needs to be removed from the final product, which involves using expensive proteases or hazardous chemicals and requires additional chromatography steps. Self-cleaving tags are a special group of fusion tags that possess inducible proteolytic activity. Combined with appropriate affinity tags, they enable fusion purification, cleavage and target separation to be achieved in a single step, which saves time, labor and cost. This paper reviews currently available self-cleaving fusion tags for recombinant protein production. For each system, an introduction of its key characteristics and a brief discussion of its advantages and disadvantages is given.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu R, Li J, Wang J, Liu X, Huang L, Ding Y, Chen J. The functional recombinant first extracellular (EC1) domain of PACAP receptor PAC1 normal form (PAC1-EC1(N)) recognizes selective ligands and stimulates the proliferation of PAC1-CHO cells. Neurosci Lett 2010; 480:73-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Li Y. Carrier proteins for fusion expression of antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2009; 54:1-9. [PMID: 19575694 PMCID: PMC7188355 DOI: 10.1042/ba20090087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are an essential component of innate immunity and play an important role in host defence against microbial pathogens. They have received increasing attention recently as potential novel pharmaceutical agents. To meet the requirement for necessary basic science studies and clinical trials, large quantities of these peptides are needed. In general, isolation from natural sources and chemical synthesis are not cost-effective. The relatively low cost and easy scale-up of the recombinant approach renders it the most attractive means for large-scale production of antimicrobial peptides. Among the many systems available for protein expression, Escherichia coli remains the most widely used host. Antimicrobial peptides produced in E. coli are often expressed as fusion proteins, which effectively masks these peptides' potential lethal effect towards the bacterial host and protects the peptides from proteolytic degradation. Although some carriers confer peptide solubility, others promote the formation of inclusion bodies. The present minireview considers the most commonly used carrier proteins for fusion expression of antimicrobial peptides in E. coli. The favourable properties of SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) as a novel fusion partner are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|