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Chibrikov V, Vakuliuk P, Sobczuk H. Sweet sorghum juice clarification and concentration: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37578772 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2245033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Sweet sorghum is a promising biomaterial, considering its nutritional and energy value, unpretentiousness in cultivation and its promising economic parameters of processing. The concentrate of sweet sorghum juice is an outstanding material for food purposes, meeting the emerging trends of the industry. This review presents data on the physicochemical properties of sweet sorghum juice and sirup, as well as technological details on the processes of its pretreatment, clarification, and concentration. Physicochemical properties of raw juice of sweet sorghum, as well as purified juice and sirup, are discussed in terms of material pretreatment, methods of clarification and concentration, and storage conditions. Comprehensive theoretical principles, methodological details and explanations of the consistency of sweet sorghum juice processing are given. This work focuses entirely on the relationship between sweet sorghum juice treatment methods and its composition and provides versatile source of information for food science community, farmers, and entrepreneurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Chibrikov
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Henryk Sobczuk
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, Falenty, Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Cho
- Optometry Section, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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Lindh NO, Brantmark BL. Preparation and analysis of basic proteins. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 2006; 14:79-111. [PMID: 5328508 DOI: 10.1002/9780470110324.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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HASHIMOTO Y, HASHIMOTO S, PIGMAN W. PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF PORCINE SUBMAXILLARY MUCIN. Arch Biochem Biophys 1996; 104:282-91. [PMID: 14163894 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9861(64)80015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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BAYER ME. AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE EXAMINATION OF URINARY MUCOPROTEIN AND ITS INTERACTION WITH INFLUENZA VIRUS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 21:265-74. [PMID: 14159029 PMCID: PMC2106439 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.21.2.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A hemagglutination-inhibitory mucoprotein from human urine has been studied with the electron microscope. It consists of filaments, with diameters of 40 to > 240 A, composed of smaller fibrils. In the two-dimensional projection of the electron micrographs, the single fibrils often show a zig-zag course with a periodicity of 100 to 140 A; the single branch of a zig-zag measures about 60 A in length and either 20 or 40 A in width. Still thinner fibrillar elements are observable with diameters of 10 A or less. In three-dimensional aspect, the zig-zag structure might be a helix. The fibril-bundle (or filament) reveals a complicated configuration. Heat treatment at 70 degrees C shows some indication of denaturation (e.g. filaments are shorter), whereas at 80 degrees C almost complete degradation of the protein into individual zig-zag elements or smaller pieces is attained. The interaction between influenza virus particles and inhibitory mucoprotein consists of the attachment of a fiber molecule to the virus projections at several sites and frequently on more than one virus particle.
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Herp A, Borelli C, Wu AM. Biochemistry and lectin binding properties of mammalian salivary mucous glycoproteins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1988; 228:395-435. [PMID: 3051919 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-1663-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The molecules responsible for the highly viscous properties of mucus are secretory glycoproteins referred to as mucins. Salivary mucins are characterized by a high sugar to protein ratio and are of a broad range of molecular weight from 7 x 10(4) to millions. With a few exceptions, they contain up to 30% of hexosamine (galactosamine and glucosamine), 8-33% of sialic acid, trace to 15% of galactose or fucose and little or no mannose. The size of carbohydrate side chains of these glycoproteins ranges from one to about fifteen units of sugar. These carbohydrate side chains are usually O-glycosidically linked through N-acetylgalactosamine to a peptidyl serine or threonine. In some instances, ester sulfate groups, mainly on N-acetylglucosamine, are also a structural feature. In many of these glycoproteins, the saccharide sequence is the same as that which determines the specificity of blood groups. Carbohydrate sequence analysis shows that salivary mucins exhibit considerable polydispersity, great diversity and remarkable structural flexibility not only among animal species but also within the same mucin molecule. Based on their lectin-binding ability, they can be used for purification of lectins, and lectins coupled to resin may be useful for the isolation of mucin-type glycoproteins. The epithelial mucous secretions modulate oral microbial flora; many secretory components serve as lectin-receptors for the attachment of microbes. The judicious use of lectins with widely differing binding characteristics has already been valuable in the in situ localization of salivary glycoproteins, in elucidating structural details, recording sugar density within a given tissue section, and defining host-parasite interactions. It is hoped that their use, together with monoclonal antibody (158) and tissue culture techniques (159, 160) will further clarify the roles of individual secretory mucous glycoproteins in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Herp
- Dept. of Biochemistry, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595
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Abstract
The affinity of six lectins (Arachis hypogaea, Concanavalin A, Bandeiraea simplicifolia I. Dolichus biflorus, Triticum vulgaris and Lotus tetragonolobus) was studied in 10 normal human large intestines. The results showed that each lectin had its own characteristic staining pattern. They differed in their affinity for different cellular components, local distribution within crypts and regional distribution between right (ascending colon) and left (rectum) segments of the large bowel. Arachis hypogaea stained predominantly the supranuclear golgi cisternae and Concanavalin A the cytoplasm. Triticum vulgaris stained preferentially the mucin of the well differentiated cells of the upper crypt while Lotus tetragonolobus characteristically stained the glycocalyx and apical portion of the less differentiated basal cells of the lower crypt. Goblet-cell mucin of the ascending colon had greater affinity for Bandeiraea simplicifolia I and that of the rectum for Triticum vulgaris. Lotus tetragonolobus stained more frequently and extensively the goblet-cell mucin of the upper crypts of the ascending colon than that of the rectum. The goblet cell mucins of the upper crypts were consistently stained in both the right and left segments of the large bowel by Dolichus biflorus while the mucins of the less differentiated cells of the lower crypts were less consistently stained in the ascending colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lee
- Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore
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Holly FJ, Dolowy K, Yamada KM. Comparative surface chemical studies of cellular fibronectin and submaxillary mucin monolayers: effects of pH, ionic strength, and presence of calcium ions. J Colloid Interface Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9797(84)90427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Peschke P, Kuhlmann WD, Wurster K. Histological detection of lectin binding sites in human gastrointestinal mucosa. EXPERIENTIA 1983; 39:286-7. [PMID: 6186520 DOI: 10.1007/bf01955307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wurster K, Peschke P, Kuhlmann WD. Cellular localization of lectin-affinity in tissue sections of normal human duodenum. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1983; 402:1-9. [PMID: 6419452 DOI: 10.1007/bf00695044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase (HRP) conjugates of Arachis hypogaea agglutinin (PNA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) and Bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin I (BSA I) were used to detect the expression of carbohydrate moieties in glyco-conjugates of normal human duodenal mucosa. Lectin histology was performed on sections from paraffin embedded specimens of donor blood groups A, B, AB and 0. While PNA, DBA and UEA I staining appeared to be independent of the donor blood groups, BSA I affinity was restricted to the blood groups B and AB. Neither striated columnar cells nor goblet cells stained with PNA-HRP conjugates. Glyco-conjugates of goblet cell mucins reacted with DBA and UEA I, but staining intensities varied in crypts and villi: positive goblet cells occurred preferentially in upper parts of the crypts and in villi. Striated columnar cells also exhibited variation in staining intensities, with binding of DBA and UEA I observed in the upper half of crypts and in villi, occurring predominantly along the brush border and in apical parts of the cells. Glyco-conjugates synthesized by Brunner's gland cells possessed a great variety of lectin reactivity with the lectins employed. Within a given histological section positive gland areas with different staining intensities beside negative cell populations might reflect different functional states.
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Mejer LE, Noble NL. Isolation and purification of a small molecular weight hydroxyproline-containing structural glycopeptide from early mammalian granulation tissue. Connect Tissue Res 1977; 5:157-63. [PMID: 144581 DOI: 10.3109/03008207709152266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A small molecular weight structural glycopeptide was solubilized after collagenase digestion of the connective tissue capsule surrounding the 5-day sponge-implant of the rat. The major amino acids are one residue each of aspartic and glutamic acids, proline, hydroxyproline and alanine and two residues of glycine, and the carbohydrates are one residue each of glucose, xylose and hexosamine and two residues of mannose. The sum of the amino acid and carbohydrate residues gives a molecular weight of 1635. Dansylation of the glycopeptide produces a single strongly fluorescent yellow-orange amino-terminal spot, not positively identified. The solubilization of the granuloma glycopeptide by collagenase and its composition are suggestive of its association with an immature form of collagen in early granulation tissue.
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Rosa R, Nicolau J. Sialic acid and hexosamine content in the sublingual glands from rats fed a vitamin A deficient diet. Arch Oral Biol 1975; 20:127-9. [PMID: 1054579 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(75)90166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Roberts GP. Isolation and characterisation of glycoproteins from sputum. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 50:265-80. [PMID: 4476280 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Eversole LR. The mucoprotein histochemistry of human mucous acinar cell containing salivary glands: submandibular and sublingual glands. Arch Oral Biol 1972; 17:43-53. [PMID: 4114783 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(72)90132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Metz J, Ebert W, Weicker H. [Gas-chromatographic analysis of the protein and carbohydrate moiety of glycoproteins in red cell membrane]. Clin Chim Acta 1971; 34:31-46. [PMID: 5118726 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(71)90063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Levy D. Therapy of obstructive bronchial diseases: the physicochemical approach. THE JOURNAL OF ASTHMA RESEARCH 1971; 8:161-77. [PMID: 4107526 DOI: 10.3109/02770907109108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Best JB, Morita M, Noel J. Fine sturcture and function of planarian goblet cells. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 1968; 24:385-97. [PMID: 5709880 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5320(68)80044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Munies R, Grubb TC, Caliari RE. Relationship between sputum viscosity and total sialic acid content. J Pharm Sci 1968; 57:824-7. [PMID: 5657543 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600570522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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The Goblet Cells, Paneth Cells, and Basal Granular Cells of the Epithelium of the Intestine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-9979-5.50010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Allen A, Kent PW. Biosynthesis of intestinal mucins. Effect of puromycin on mucoprotein biosynthesis by sheep colonic mucosal tissue. Biochem J 1968; 106:301-9. [PMID: 5721467 PMCID: PMC1198499 DOI: 10.1042/bj1060301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
1. Surviving sheep colonic mucosal tissue incorporated l-[U-(14)C]threonine when incubated in Krebs medium III at 37 degrees in an atmosphere of oxygen, into a well-characterized mucoprotein fraction, isolated by papain digestion of the incubated scrapings. 2. Acidic hydrolysis and chromatography of the labelled mucoprotein showed that threonine was the only constituent to become labelled. In the presence of puromycin the incorporation of l-[U-(14)C]threonine was considerably diminished (6.7 and 18.5% of control in duplicate experiments). Furthermore, puromycin also decreased incorporation of radioactivity from d-[U-(14)C]-glucose (48.0 and 31.6% of control) and (35)SO(4) (2-) (21.2 and 23.6% of control) into the mucoprotein fraction. 3. In a puromycin-inhibited system, with d-[U-(14)C]-glucose, where the overall specific radioactivity of the mucoprotein was 48% of control, the labelling of the individual monosaccharide constituents (as% of control) was: N-acetylneuraminic acid, 44%; N-glycollylneuraminic acid, 61%; hexosamines, 46%; fucose, 68%; galactose, 34%.
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Leppi TJ, Spicer SS. The histochemistry of carbohydrate-rich substances in certain ungulate salivary glands. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 1967; 159:179-91. [PMID: 4170378 DOI: 10.1002/ar.1091590207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kilburn KH. Cilia and mucus transport as determinants of the response of lung to air pollutants. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 1967; 14:77-91. [PMID: 6017099 DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1967.10664699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Leppi TJ, Spicer SS. The histochemistry of mucins in certain primate salivary glands. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY 1966; 118:833-59. [PMID: 4163166 DOI: 10.1002/aja.1001180310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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DOWSE CM. Research in Biochemistry. J Am Dent Assoc 1965; 70:1433-41. [PMID: 14291553 DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1965.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sugiyama T. HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ACHD MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. Pathol Int 1964. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1964.tb00684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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