1
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Torrent frogs emit acoustic signals of a narrower spectral range in habitats with longer-lasting biotic background noise. Behav Processes 2022; 200:104700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Dynamic character displacement among a pair of bacterial phyllosphere commensals in situ. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2836. [PMID: 35595740 PMCID: PMC9123166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences between species promote stable coexistence in a resource-limited environment. These differences can result from interspecies competition leading to character shifts, a process referred to as character displacement. While character displacement is often interpreted as a consequence of genetically fixed trait differences between species, it can also be mediated by phenotypic plasticity in response to the presence of another species. Here, we test whether phenotypic plasticity leads to a shift in proteome allocation during co-occurrence of two bacterial species from the abundant, leaf-colonizing families Sphingomonadaceae and Rhizobiaceae in their natural habitat. Upon mono-colonizing of the phyllosphere, both species exhibit specific and shared protein functions indicating a niche overlap. During co-colonization, quantitative differences in the protein repertoire of both bacterial populations occur as a result of bacterial coexistence in planta. Specifically, the Sphingomonas strain produces enzymes for the metabolization of xylan, while the Rhizobium strain reprograms its metabolism to beta-oxidation of fatty acids fueled via the glyoxylate cycle and adapts its biotin acquisition. We demonstrate the conditional relevance of cross-species facilitation by mutagenesis leading to loss of fitness in competition in planta. Our results show that dynamic character displacement and niche facilitation mediated by phenotypic plasticity can contribute to species coexistence. In this study, the concept of dynamic character displacement among interacting bacterial species from leaf-colonizing families was empirically tested using a proteomics approach. A phenotypic shift towards the utilization of alternative carbon sources was observed during coexistence, thereby minimizing niche overlap.
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3
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4
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Hsiao YW, Tseng HY, Nguyen HN, Lin SM. Asymmetric acoustic signal recognition led to asymmetric gene flow between two parapatric frogs. Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Correct discrimination between courtship signals could help to maintain genetic integrity between closely related species. However, asymmetric usage of signals might cause asymmetric gene flow across the contact zone. Buergeria choui and B. otai are sibling-species with a parapatric distribution pattern in Taiwan, having two narrow contact zones on the east and west sides of the island. Combining behavioural experiments with genome-wide RAD-seq analyses, we test whether the ability of signal recognition influences genetic introgression across their species boundary. The playback experiments show that all B. choui populations respond strongest to their own ‘cricket’ trills, while the western population of B. otai have evolved a strong level of reproductive character displacement by showing the inclusive usage of the unique ‘chicken’ signals. In contrast, the eastern B. otai population uses both ‘chicken’ and ‘cricket’ trills, and has a stronger preference for the latter. The weak reproductive character displacement in the eastern population has led to asymmetry genetic introgression from B. choui toward B. otai. Our results support the prediction that a more specialized signal-user, compared to its sibling, generalized signal-user, might have a higher probability of maintaining their genetic integrity in the secondary contact region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Hsiao
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yun Tseng
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Hung Ngoc Nguyen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
- Department of Zoology, Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Si-Min Lin
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
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5
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Gillespie RG, Bennett GM, De Meester L, Feder JL, Fleischer RC, Harmon LJ, Hendry AP, Knope ML, Mallet J, Martin C, Parent CE, Patton AH, Pfennig KS, Rubinoff D, Schluter D, Seehausen O, Shaw KL, Stacy E, Stervander M, Stroud JT, Wagner C, Wogan GOU. Comparing Adaptive Radiations Across Space, Time, and Taxa. J Hered 2020; 111:1-20. [PMID: 31958131 PMCID: PMC7931853 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esz064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive radiation plays a fundamental role in our understanding of the evolutionary process. However, the concept has provoked strong and differing opinions concerning its definition and nature among researchers studying a wide diversity of systems. Here, we take a broad view of what constitutes an adaptive radiation, and seek to find commonalities among disparate examples, ranging from plants to invertebrate and vertebrate animals, and remote islands to lakes and continents, to better understand processes shared across adaptive radiations. We surveyed many groups to evaluate factors considered important in a large variety of species radiations. In each of these studies, ecological opportunity of some form is identified as a prerequisite for adaptive radiation. However, evolvability, which can be enhanced by hybridization between distantly related species, may play a role in seeding entire radiations. Within radiations, the processes that lead to speciation depend largely on (1) whether the primary drivers of ecological shifts are (a) external to the membership of the radiation itself (mostly divergent or disruptive ecological selection) or (b) due to competition within the radiation membership (interactions among members) subsequent to reproductive isolation in similar environments, and (2) the extent and timing of admixture. These differences translate into different patterns of species accumulation and subsequent patterns of diversity across an adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiations occur in an extraordinary diversity of different ways, and continue to provide rich data for a better understanding of the diversification of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary G Gillespie
- University of California, Berkeley, Essig Museum of Entomology & Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Berkeley, CA
| | - Gordon M Bennett
- University of California Merced, Life and Environmental Sciences Unit, Merced, CA
| | - Luc De Meester
- University of Leuven, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Leuven, Belguim
| | - Jeffrey L Feder
- University of Notre Dame, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN
| | - Robert C Fleischer
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC
| | - Luke J Harmon
- University of Idaho, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Moscow, ID
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Martin
- University of California Berkeley, Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley, CA
| | | | - Austin H Patton
- Washington State University, School of Biological Sciences, Pullman, WA
| | - Karin S Pfennig
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Biology, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Daniel Rubinoff
- University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Ole Seehausen
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, BE, Switzerland
- Center for Ecology, Evolution & Biogeochemistry, Eawag, Kastanienbaum, LU, Switzerland
| | - Kerry L Shaw
- Cornell University, Neurobiology and Behavior, Tower Road,, Ithaca, NY
| | - Elizabeth Stacy
- University of Nevada Las Vegas, School of Life Sciences, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Martin Stervander
- University of Oregon, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Eugene, OR
| | - James T Stroud
- Washington University in Saint Louis, Biology, Saint Louis, MO
| | | | - Guinevere O U Wogan
- University of California Berkeley, Environmental Science Policy, and Management, Berkeley, CA
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6
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Stroud JT, Giery ST, Outerbridge M, Feeley KJ. Ecological character displacement alters the outcome of priority effects during community assembly. Ecology 2019; 100:e02727. [PMID: 30985910 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Character displacement may facilitate species coexistence through niche partitioning. However, the degree to which character displacement influences broader patterns of community assembly is unclear. Here, we capitalize on a natural experiment of community assembly on the oceanic island of Bermuda. Over the past century, three species of ecologically similar but distantly related Anolis lizards have been introduced to Bermuda where no Anolis has ever naturally existed. The Jamaican anole (A. grahami) arrived first in 1905 and dispersed rapidly across the island. Five decades later, the Antiguan anole (A. leachii) and the Barbadian anole (A. extremus) were introduced to independent locations. In 1991, A. leachii and A. extremus were observed to nearly meet at a contact zone, but not yet to coexist. We record that subsequent range expansion at this contact zone has been asymmetrical; A. leachii invaded the range of A. extremus, but reciprocal invasion by A. extremus has not occurred. When in allopatry in Bermuda, both species occupy identical ecological space. However, A. leachii underwent rapid ecological character displacement to use arboreal habitat when invading the range of A. extremus. These findings highlight how character displacement may influence the process of dispersal and drive patterns of coexistence and community assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Stroud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA.,Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - S T Giery
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Road, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269-4098, USA
| | - M Outerbridge
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Bermuda Government, 169 South Road, Paget, DV04, Bermuda
| | - K J Feeley
- Department of Biology, 215 Cox Science Center, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Miami, Florida, 33146, USA
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7
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Abstract
Increasing evidence for rapid evolution suggests that the maintenance of species diversity in ecological communities may be influenced by more than purely ecological processes. Classic theory shows that interspecific competition may select for traits that increase niche differentiation, weakening competition and thus promoting species coexistence. While empirical work has demonstrated trait evolution in response to competition, if and how evolution affects the dynamics of the competing species-the key step for completing the required eco-evolutionary feedback-has been difficult to resolve. Here, we show that evolution in response to interspecific competition feeds back to change the course of competitive population dynamics of aquatic plant species over 10-15 generations in the field. By manipulating selection imposed by heterospecific competitors in experimental ponds, we demonstrate that (i) interspecific competition drives rapid genotypic change, and (ii) this evolutionary change in one competitor, while not changing the coexistence outcome, causes the population trajectories of the two competing species to converge. In contrast to the common expectation that interspecific competition should drive the evolution of niche differentiation, our results suggest that genotypic evolution resulted in phenotypic changes that altered population dynamics by affecting the competitive hierarchy. This result is consistent with theory suggesting that competition for essential resources can limit opportunities for the evolution of niche differentiation. Our finding that rapid evolution regulates the dynamics of competing species suggests that ecosystems may rely on continuous feedbacks between ecology and evolution to maintain species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Hart
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Martin M Turcotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Jonathan M Levine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Sottas C, Reif J, Kuczyński L, Reifová R. Interspecific competition promotes habitat and morphological divergence in a secondary contact zone between two hybridizing songbirds. J Evol Biol 2018; 31:914-923. [PMID: 29603471 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific competition is assumed to play an important role in the ecological differentiation of species and speciation. However, empirical evidence for competition's role in speciation remains surprisingly scarce. Here, we studied the role of interspecific competition in the ecological differentiation and speciation of two closely related songbird species, the Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) and the Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia). Both species are insectivorous and ecologically very similar. They hybridize in a secondary contact zone, which is a mosaic of sites where both species co-occur (syntopy) and sites where only one species is present (allotopy). We analysed fine-scale habitat data for both species in both syntopic and allotopic sites and looked for associations between habitat use and bill morphology, which have been previously shown to be more divergent in sympatry than in allopatry. We found that the two nightingale species differ in habitat use in allotopic sites, where L. megarhynchos occurred in drier habitats and at slightly higher elevations, but not in syntopic sites. Birds from allotopic sites also showed higher interspecific divergence in relative bill size compared to birds from syntopic sites. Finally, we found an association between bill morphology and elevation. Our results are consistent with the view that interspecific competition in nightingales has resulted in partial habitat segregation in sympatry and that the habitat-specific food supply has in turn very likely led to bill size divergence. Such ecological divergence may enhance prezygotic as well as extrinsic postzygotic isolation and thus accelerate the completion of the speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Sottas
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Reif
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lechosław Kuczyński
- Population Ecology Lab, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Radka Reifová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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Gordon NM, Ralph MZ, Stratman KD. Rapid character displacement of different call parameters in closely related treefrogs (Hyla cinerea and H. gratiosa). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-017-2341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Levis NA, Serrato‐Capuchina A, Pfennig DW. Genetic accommodation in the wild: evolution of gene expression plasticity during character displacement. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1712-1723. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. A. Levis
- Department of Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
| | | | - D. W. Pfennig
- Department of Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
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11
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Sætre GP, Cuevas A, Hermansen JS, Elgvin TO, Fernández LP, Sæther SA, Cascio Sætre CL, Eroukhmanoff F. Rapid polygenic response to secondary contact in a hybrid species. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20170365. [PMID: 28446700 PMCID: PMC5413929 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary contact between closely related species can have genetic consequences. Competition for essential resources may lead to divergence in heritable traits that reduces interspecific competition leading to increased rate of genetic divergence. Conversely, hybridization and backcrossing can lead to genetic convergence. Here, we study a population of a hybrid species, the Italian sparrow (Passer italiae), before and after it came into secondary contact with one of its parent species, the Spanish sparrow (P. hispaniolensis), in 2013. We demonstrate strong consequences of interspecific competition: Italian sparrows were kept away from a popular feeding site by its parent species, resulting in poorer body condition and a significant drop in population size. Although no significant morphological change could be detected, after only 3 years of sympatry, the Italian sparrows had diverged significantly from the Spanish sparrows across a set of 81 protein-coding genes. These temporal genetic changes are mirrored by genetic divergence observed in older sympatric Italian sparrow populations within the same area of contact. Compared with microallopatric birds, sympatric ones are genetically more diverged from Spanish sparrows. Six significant outlier genes in the temporal and spatial comparison (i.e. showing the greatest displacement) have all been found to be associated with learning and neural development in other bird species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn-Peter Sætre
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Angélica Cuevas
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jo S Hermansen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore O Elgvin
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Piñeiro Fernández
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein A Sæther
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), PO Box 5685, Sluppen, 7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Camilla Lo Cascio Sætre
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fabrice Eroukhmanoff
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Gilbert KJ, Whitlock MC. The genetics of adaptation to discrete heterogeneous environments: frequent mutation or large-effect alleles can allow range expansion. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:591-602. [PMID: 27992089 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Range expansions are complex evolutionary and ecological processes. From an evolutionary standpoint, a populations' adaptive capacity can determine the success or failure of expansion. Using individual-based simulations, we model range expansion over a two-dimensional, approximately continuous landscape. We investigate the ability of populations to adapt across patchy environmental gradients and examine how the effect sizes of mutations influence the ability to adapt to novel environments during range expansion. We find that genetic architecture and landscape patchiness both have the ability to change the outcome of adaptation and expansion over the landscape. Adaptation to new environments succeeds via many mutations of small effect or few of large effect, but not via the intermediate between these cases. Higher genetic variance contributes to increased ability to adapt, but an alternative route of successful adaptation can proceed from low genetic variance scenarios with alleles of sufficiently large effect. Steeper environmental gradients can prevent adaptation and range expansion on both linear and patchy landscapes. When the landscape is partitioned into local patches with sharp changes in phenotypic optimum, the local magnitude of change between subsequent patches in the environment determines the success of adaptation to new patches during expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Gilbert
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M C Whitlock
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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13
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Weber MG, Strauss SY. Coexistence in Close Relatives: Beyond Competition and Reproductive Isolation in Sister Taxa. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie G. Weber
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; ,
| | - Sharon Y. Strauss
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; ,
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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14
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Stroud JT, Losos JB. Ecological Opportunity and Adaptive Radiation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T. Stroud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Coral Gables, Florida 33156;
| | - Jonathan B. Losos
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01238;
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15
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Pasch B, Sanford R, Phelps SM. Agonistic character displacement in social cognition of advertisement signals. Anim Cogn 2016; 20:267-273. [DOI: 10.1007/s10071-016-1046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Otte T, Hilker M, Geiselhardt S. Phenotypic plasticity of mate recognition systems prevents sexual interference between two sympatric leaf beetle species. Evolution 2016; 70:1819-28. [PMID: 27272669 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Maladaptive sexual interactions among heterospecific individuals (sexual interference) can prevent the coexistence of animal species. Thus, the avoidance of sexual interference by divergence of mate recognition systems is crucial for a stable coexistence in sympatry. Mate recognition systems are thought to be under tight genetic control. However, we demonstrate that mate recognition systems of two closely related sympatric leaf beetle species show a high level of host-induced phenotypic plasticity. Mate choice in the mustard leaf beetles, Phaedon cochleariae and P. armoraciae, is mediated by cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). Divergent host plant use causes a divergence of CHC phenotypes, whereas similar host use leads to their convergence. Consequently, both species exhibit significant behavioral isolation when they feed on alternative host species, but mate randomly when using a common host. Thus, sexual interference between these syntopic leaf beetles is prevented by host-induced phenotypic plasticity rather than by genotypic divergence of mate recognition systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Otte
- Institute of Biology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Street 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Hilker
- Institute of Biology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Street 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geiselhardt
- Institute of Biology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Street 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Lee KH, Shaner PJL, Lin YP, Lin SM. Geographic variation in advertisement calls of a Microhylid frog - testing the role of drift and ecology. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:3289-98. [PMID: 27103987 PMCID: PMC4833500 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acoustic signals for mating are important traits that could drive population differentiation and speciation. Ecology may play a role in acoustic divergence through direct selection (e.g., local adaptation to abiotic environment), constraint of correlated traits (e.g., acoustic traits linked to another trait under selection), and/or interspecific competition (e.g., character displacement). However, genetic drift alone can also drive acoustic divergence. It is not always easy to differentiate the role of ecology versus drift in acoustic divergence. In this study, we tested the role of ecology and drift in shaping geographic variation in the advertisement calls of Microhyla fissipes. We examined three predictions based on ecological processes: (1) the correlation between temperature and call properties across M. fissipes populations; (2) the correlation between call properties and body size across M. fissipes populations; and (3) reproductive character displacement (RCD) in call properties between M. fissipes populations that are sympatric with and allopatric to a congener M. heymonsi. To test genetic drift, we examined correlations among call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic distance across M. fissipes populations. We recorded the advertisement calls from 11 populations of M. fissipes in Taiwan, five of which are sympatrically distributed with M. heymonsi. We found geographic variation in both temporal and spectral properties of the advertisement calls of M. fissipes. However, the call properties were not correlated with local temperature or the callers' body size. Furthermore, we did not detect RCD. By contrast, call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic distance between M. fissipes populations were all positively correlated. The comparisons between phenotypic Qst (Pst) and Fst values did not show significant differences, suggesting a role of drift. We concluded that genetic drift, rather than ecological processes, is the more likely driver for the geographic variation in the advertisement calls of M. fissipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Huan Lee
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen L Shaner
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Lin
- Division of Zoology Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute Nantou Taiwan
| | - Si-Min Lin
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
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18
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Nonaka E, Svanbäck R, Thibert-Plante X, Englund G, Brännström Å. Mechanisms by Which Phenotypic Plasticity Affects Adaptive Divergence and Ecological Speciation. Am Nat 2015; 186:E126-43. [DOI: 10.1086/683231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Drury JP, Anderson CN, Grether GF. Seasonal polyphenism in wing coloration affects species recognition in rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina
spp.). J Evol Biol 2015; 28:1439-52. [PMID: 26033550 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. P. Drury
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | - G. F. Grether
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
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20
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McFarlane Tranquilla L, Montevecchi W, Hedd A, Regular P, Robertson G, Fifield D, Devillers R. Ecological segregation among Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) and Common Murres (Uria aalge) in the Northwest Atlantic persists through the nonbreeding season. CAN J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2014-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To study the influence of inter- and intra-specific interactions on patterns of ecological segregation in nonbreeding habitat, we used geolocators to track year-round movements of congeneric and partially sympatric Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia (L., 1758)) and Common Murres (Uria aalge (Pontoppidan, 1763)) from seven Canadian colonies during 2007–2011. Locations from 142 individuals were (i) examined for species- and colony-specific spatiotemporal patterns, (ii) mapped with environmental data, and (iii) used to delineate core wintering areas. Compared with Common Murres, Thick-billed Murres dispersed across a wider range of latitudes and environments, had larger winter ranges, and showed greater variation in seasonal timing of movements. These interspecific differences were consistent at two scales: among colonies spanning a wide latitudinal range and at a sympatric colony. Intraspecifically, nonbreeding ecological segregation was more pronounced among colonies of Thick-billed Murres than of Common Murres: colonies of Thick-billed Murres tended to follow distinct movement patterns and segregate by latitude, whereas colonies of Common Murres segregated very little; moreover, the extent of segregation was more variable among Thick-billed Murres than Common Murres. For Thick-billed Murres, rather than complete divergence of winter ecological niche from Common Murres, we found a “widening” of an overlapping niche. This strategy of increased movement flexibility may enable Thick-billed Murres to mitigate competition both intra- and inter-specifically; we propose this movement strategy may have played a role in species divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. McFarlane Tranquilla
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - W.A. Montevecchi
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - A. Hedd
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - P.M. Regular
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - G.J. Robertson
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3, Canada
| | - D.A. Fifield
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3, Canada
| | - R. Devillers
- Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
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Pennati R, Ficetola GF, Brunetti R, Caicci F, Gasparini F, Griggio F, Sato A, Stach T, Kaul-Strehlow S, Gissi C, Manni L. Morphological Differences between Larvae of the Ciona intestinalis Species Complex: Hints for a Valid Taxonomic Definition of Distinct Species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122879. [PMID: 25955391 PMCID: PMC4425531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cosmopolitan ascidian Ciona intestinalis is the most common model species of Tunicata, the sister-group of Vertebrata, and widely used in developmental biology, genomics and evolutionary studies. Recently, molecular studies suggested the presence of cryptic species hidden within the C. intestinalis species, namely C. intestinalis type A and type B. So far, no substantial morphological differences have been identified between individuals belonging to the two types. Here we present morphometric, immunohistochemical, and histological analyses, as well as 3-D reconstructions, of late larvae obtained by cross-fertilization experiments of molecularly determined type A and type B adults, sampled in different seasons and in four different localities. Our data point to quantitative and qualitative differences in the trunk shape of larvae belonging to the two types. In particular, type B larvae exhibit a longer pre-oral lobe, longer and relatively narrower total body length, and a shorter ocellus-tail distance than type A larvae. All these differences were found to be statistically significant in a Discriminant Analysis. Depending on the number of analyzed parameters, the obtained discriminant function was able to correctly classify > 93% of the larvae, with the remaining misclassified larvae attributable to the existence of intra-type seasonal variability. No larval differences were observed at the level of histology and immunohistochemical localization of peripheral sensory neurons. We conclude that type A and type B are two distinct species that can be distinguished on the basis of larval morphology and molecular data. Since the identified larval differences appear to be valid diagnostic characters, we suggest to raise both types to the rank of species and to assign them distinct names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pennati
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e del Territorio e di Scienze della Terra, Università di Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Federico Caicci
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Gasparini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Griggio
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Atsuko Sato
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Stach
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut fur Lebenswissenschaften, Vergleichende Zoologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Carmela Gissi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail: (CG); (LM)
| | - Lucia Manni
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail: (CG); (LM)
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22
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Freshwater C, Ghalambor CK, Martin PR. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 2014; 95:2334-45. [PMID: 25230483 DOI: 10.1890/13-2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ecologically similar species often compete aggressively for shared resources. These interactions are frequently asymmetric, with one species behaviorally dominant to another and excluding it from preferred resources. Despite the potential importance of this type of interference competition as a source of selection, we know little about patterns of trait divergence between dominant and subordinate species. We compiled published data on phylogenetically independent, closely related species of North American birds where one species was consistently dominant in aggressive interactions with a congeneric species. We then compared the body size, breeding phenology, life history, ecological breadth, and biogeography of these species. After accounting for body size and phylogeny, we found repeated patterns of trait divergence between subordinate and dominant species within genera. Subordinate species that migrated seasonally arrived 4-7 days later than dominants on their sympatric breeding grounds, and both resident and migratory subordinates initiated breeding 7-8 days later than their dominant, sympatric congeners. Subordinate species had a 5.2% higher annual adult mortality rate and laid eggs that were 0.02 g heavier for their body mass. Dominant and subordinate species used a similar number of different foods, foraging behaviors, nest sites, and habitats, but subordinates were more specialized in their foraging behaviors compared with closely related dominant species. The breeding and wintering ranges of subordinate species were 571 km farther apart than the ranges of dominant species, suggesting that subordinate species migrate greater distances. Range sizes and latitudinal distributions did not consistently differ, although subordinate species tended to breed farther north or winter farther south. These results are consistent with dominant species directly influencing the ecological strategies of subordinate species (via plastic or genetically based changes), either by restricting their access to resources or simply through aggression. Alternatively, these ecological traits may covary with patterns of behavioral dominance, with no direct consequences of interactions. Regardless of the mechanism, recognizing that the relative position of a species within a dominance hierarchy is correlated with a suite of other ecological and fitness related traits has far-reaching implications for the mechanisms underlying species distributions and the structure of biological assemblages.
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Djuikwo-Teukeng F, Da Silva A, Njiokou F, Kamgang B, Ekobo AS, Dreyfuss G. Significant population genetic structure of the Cameroonian fresh water snail, Bulinus globosus, (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) revealed by nuclear microsatellite loci analysis. Acta Trop 2014; 137:111-7. [PMID: 24751417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to characterize the demographic traits and spatial structure of Cameroonians Bulinus globosus, intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, genetic structure of seven different populations, collected from the tropical zone, was studied using six polymorphic microsatellites. Intrapopulation genetic diversity ranged from 0.37 to 0.55. Interpopulation genetic diversity variation clearly illustrated their significant isolation due to distance with gene flow substantially limited to neighbouring populations. The effective population sizes (Ne) were relatively low (from 3.0 to 18.6), which supposes a high rate from which populations would lose their genetic diversity by drift. Analysis of genetic temporal variability indicated fluctuations of allelic frequencies (35 of 42 locus-population combinations, P<0.05) characteristic of stochastic demography, and this is reinforced by events of bottlenecks detected in all populations. These findings demonstrated that Cameroonian B. globosus were mixed-maters with some populations showing clear preference for outcrossing. These data also suggest that genetic drift and gene flow are the main factors shaping the genetic structure of studied populations.
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Suzuki R, Arita T. Emergence of a dynamic resource partitioning based on the coevolution of phenotypic plasticity in sympatric species. J Theor Biol 2014; 352:51-9. [PMID: 24607740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the coevolutionary dynamics of the phenotypic plasticity in the context of overlap avoidance behaviors of shared niches in sympatric species. Especially, we consider whether and how a differentiation of phenotypic plasticity can emerge under the assumption that there are no initial asymmetric relationships among coevolving species. We construct a minimal model where several different species participate in a partitioning of their shared niches, and evolve their behavioral plasticity to avoid an overlap of their niche use. By conducting evolutionary experiments with various conditions of the number of species and niches, we show that the two different types of asymmetric distributions of phenotypic plasticity emerge depending on the settings of the degree of congestion of the shared niches. In both cases, all species tended to obtain the similar amount of fitness regardless of such differences in their plasticity. We also show that the emerged distributions are coevolutionarily stable in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiji Suzuki
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Takaya Arita
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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25
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Grether GF, Anderson CN, Drury JP, Kirschel ANG, Losin N, Okamoto K, Peiman KS. The evolutionary consequences of interspecific aggression. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1289:48-68. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory F. Grether
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles; California
| | | | - Jonathan P. Drury
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles; California
| | | | - Neil Losin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles; California
| | - Kenichi Okamoto
- Department of Entomology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh; North Carolina
| | - Kathryn S. Peiman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles; California
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