1
|
Shi C, Gomez-Mendoza M, Gómez de Oliveira E, García-Tecedor M, Barawi M, Esteban-Betegón F, Liras M, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Monge A, de la Peña O'Shea VA, Gándara F. An anthraquinone-based bismuth-iron metal-organic framework as an efficient photoanode in photoelectrochemical cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6860-6866. [PMID: 38725492 PMCID: PMC11077510 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00980k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are appealing candidate materials to design new photoelectrodes for use in solar energy conversion because of their modular nature and chemical versatility. However, to date there are few examples of MOFs that can be directly used as photoelectrodes, for which they must be able to afford charge separation upon light absorption, and promote the catalytic dissociation of water molecules, while maintaining structural integrity. Here, we have explored the use of the organic linker anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (2, 6-AQDS) for the preparation of MOFs to be used as photoanodes. Thus, the reaction of 2, 6-AQDS with Bi(iii) or a combination of Bi(iii) and Fe(iii) resulted in two new MOFs, BiPF-10 and BiFePF-15, respectively. They display similar structural features, where the metal elements are disposed in inorganic-layer building units, which are pillared by the organic linkers by coordination bonds through the sulfonic acid groups. We show that the introduction of iron in the structure plays a crucial role for the practical use of the MOFs as a robust photoelectrode in a photoelectrochemical cell, producing as much as 1.23 mmol H2 cm-2 with the use of BiFePF-15 as photoanode. By means of time-resolved and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies we have been able to unravel the charge transfer mechanism, which involves the formation of a radical intermediate species, exhibiting a longer-lived lifetime by the presence of the iron-oxo clusters in BiFePF-15 to reduce the charge transfer resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Shi
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel Gomez-Mendoza
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Eloy Gómez de Oliveira
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel García-Tecedor
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Mariam Barawi
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima Esteban-Betegón
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Liras
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Gutiérrez-Puebla
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Angeles Monge
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Víctor A de la Peña O'Shea
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute Móstoles Technology Park, Avenida Ramón de la Sagra 3, Móstoles 28935 Madrid Spain
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid - Spanish National Research Council Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cervantes‐González J, Vosburg DA, Mora‐Rodriguez SE, Vázquez MA, Zepeda LG, Villegas Gómez C, Lagunas‐Rivera S. Anthraquinones: Versatile Organic Photocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervantes‐González
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n Guanajuato Gto. 36050 México
| | - David A. Vosburg
- Department of Chemistry Harvey Mudd College 301 Platt Blvd Claremont CA 91711-5901 USA
| | - Salma E. Mora‐Rodriguez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n Guanajuato Gto. 36050 México
| | - Miguel A. Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n Guanajuato Gto. 36050 México
| | - L. Gerardo Zepeda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Prol de Carpio y Plan de Ayala Ciudad de México 11340 México
| | - Clarisa Villegas Gómez
- Departamento de Química, DCNyE Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n Guanajuato Gto. 36050 México
| | - Selene Lagunas‐Rivera
- Cátedra-CONACyT. Departamento de Química Universidad de Guanajuato, DCNyE Noria Alta s/n Guanajuato Gto. 36050 México
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Villnow T, Ryseck G, Rai-Constapel V, Marian CM, Gilch P. Chimeric Behavior of Excited Thioxanthone in Protic Solvents: I. Experiments. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11696-707. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5099393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Villnow
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and ‡Institut für Theoretische
Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G. Ryseck
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and ‡Institut für Theoretische
Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V. Rai-Constapel
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and ‡Institut für Theoretische
Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C. M. Marian
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and ‡Institut für Theoretische
Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Gilch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and ‡Institut für Theoretische
Chemie und Computerchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharpless CM, Blough NV. The importance of charge-transfer interactions in determining chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) optical and photochemical properties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:654-71. [PMID: 24509887 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Absorption of sunlight by chromophoric dissolved natural organic matter (CDOM) is environmentally significant because it controls photic zone depth and causes photochemistry that affects elemental cycling and contaminant fate. Both the optics (absorbance and fluorescence) and photochemistry of CDOM display unusual properties that cannot easily be ascribed to a superposition of individual chromophores. These include (i) broad, unstructured absorbance that decreases monotonically well into the visible and near IR, (ii) fluorescence emission spectra that all fall into a single envelope regardless of the excitation wavelength, and (iii) photobleaching and photochemical quantum yields that decrease monotonically with increasing wavelength. In contrast to a simple superposition model, these phenomena and others can be reasonably well explained by a physical model in which charge-transfer interactions between electron donating and accepting chromophores within the CDOM control the optical and photophysical properties. This review summarizes current understanding of the processes underlying CDOM photophysics and photochemistry as well as their physical basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA 22401, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Görner H, von Sonntag C. Photoprocesses of Chloro-Substituted p-Benzoquinones. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10257-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jp805046p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Görner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Clemens von Sonntag
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ghosh A, Joy A, Schuster GB, Douki T, Cadet J. Selective one-electron oxidation of duplex DNA oligomers: reaction at thymines. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:916-28. [PMID: 18292885 DOI: 10.1039/b717437c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The one-electron oxidation of duplex DNA generates a nucleobase radical cation (electron "hole") that migrates long distances by a hopping mechanism. The radical cation reacts irreversibly with H2O or O2 to form oxidation products (damaged bases). In normal DNA (containing the four common DNA bases), reaction occurs most frequently at guanine. However, in DNA duplexes that do not contain guanine (i.e., those comprised exclusively of A/T base pairs), we discovered that reaction occurs primarily at thymine and gives products resulting from oxidation of the T-C5 methyl group and from addition to its C5-C6 double bond. This surprising result shows that it is the relative reactivity, not the stability, of a nucleobase radical cation that determines the nature of the products formed from oxidation of DNA. A mechanism for reaction is proposed whereby a thymine radical cation may either lose a proton from its methyl group or H2O/O2 may add across its double bond. In the latter case, addition may initiate a tandem reaction that converts both thymines of a TT step to oxidation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avik Ghosh
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Garg S, Rose AL, Waite TD. Production of Reactive Oxygen Species on Photolysis of Dilute Aqueous Quinone Solutions. Photochem Photobiol 2007; 83:904-13. [PMID: 17645662 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by irradiation of dilute aqueous solutions of disodium anthraquinone-2-6-disulfonate (AQDS) with simulated sunlight. Irradiating a solution of AQDS in 2 mM NaHCO3 and 0.01 M NaCl produced superoxide and H2O2 at nanomolar concentrations. Experiments in which initial concentrations of dioxygen, H2O2, the superoxide radical trap nitroblue tetrazolium and the electron donor dimethyl sulfoxide were varied suggested that the interaction of solvent water with photo-excited quinone moieties produces dioxygen-reducing radicals, and that these are the primary source of ROS in the system. A kinetic model for ROS production is proposed based on our experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Garg
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Görner H. Oxygen Uptake upon Photolysis of 1,4-Benzoquinones and 1,4-Naphthoquinones in Air-Saturated Aqueous Solution in the Presence of Formate, Amines, Ascorbic Acid, and Alcohols. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:2814-9. [PMID: 17388578 DOI: 10.1021/jp0683061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of oxygen in the photoreduction of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ), and a series of derivatives were studied in aqueous solution in the presence of acetonitrile and formate, aliphatic amines, e.g., EDTA or triethylamine, ascorbic acid, and alcohols, e.g., methanol or 2-propanol. The quinone triplet state is quenched, whereby the semiquinone and donor radicals are formed which react subsequently with oxygen. The overall reaction is oxidation of the donors and conversion of oxygen via the hydroperoxyl/superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide. The quantum yield (Phi-O2) of this oxygen uptake changes in 2-propanol-water (1:10) from <0.01 for BQ to Phi-O2 = 0.5-0.8 for NQ. Generally Phi-O2 increases with increasing donor concentration. The specific properties of quinone structure, the radical equilibria and reactivity, and the concentration dependences are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Görner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park MK, Kim BK, Park JH, Shin YG, Cho KH. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Ginsenosides Using Photoreduction Fluorescence Detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079508013962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Görner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mori Y, Shinoda H, Nakano T, Kitagawa T. Laser photolysis of pyrenesulfonate and pyrenetetrasulfonate via two-photon ionization in aqueous and reverse micellar solutions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
12
|
Pochon A, Vaughan PP, Gan D, Vath P, Blough NV, Falvey DE. Photochemical Oxidation of Water by 2-Methyl-1,4-benzoquinone: Evidence against the Formation of Free Hydroxyl Radical. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012856b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Pochon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| | - Pamela P. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| | - Daqing Gan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| | - Peter Vath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| | - Neil V. Blough
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| | - Daniel E. Falvey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2021
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sanii L, Schuster GB. Long-Distance Charge Transport in DNA: Sequence-Dependent Radical Cation Injection Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja002332+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Dotse AK, Boone EK, Schuster GB. Remote cis−syn-Thymine [2 + 2] Dimers Are Not Repaired by Radical Cations Migrating in Duplex DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja994028q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K. Dotse
- Contribution from the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Edna K. Boone
- Contribution from the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Gary B. Schuster
- Contribution from the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alegrı́a AE, Ferrer A, Santiago G, Sepúlveda E, Flores W. Photochemistry of water-soluble quinones. Production of the hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and the superoxide ion. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(99)00138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Dabestani R, Ivanov IN. A Compilation of Physical, Spectroscopic and Photophysical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Photochem Photobiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb01945.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
P´rez-Ru´z T, Mart´nez-Lozano C, Tom´s V, Sanz A. Flow-Injection Determination of Glucose by a Photoinduced Chemiluminescent Reaction. ANAL LETT 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719808005266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
18
|
Alegría AE, Ferrer A, Sepúlveda E. Photochemistry of water-soluble quinones. Production of a water-derived spin adduct. Photochem Photobiol 1997; 66:436-42. [PMID: 9337614 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb03170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The photolyses of phosphate-buffered (pH 7) air- and nitrogen-saturated solutions containing the water-soluble quinones, 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MBQ), sodium 1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonate (NQ2S), 9,10-anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQ2S) or 9,10-anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate (AQDS), and the spin trap 5,5-dimethylpyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) produce a DMPO-OH adduct. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the photolyzed samples in 17O-enriched water demonstrates that this adduct derives almost exclusively from water. With the exception of BQ, quantum yields for the formation of DMPO-OH are larger in air than in nitrogen-saturated samples, thus supporting the idea of the formation of air-oxidized intermediates that enhance the DMPO hydroxylation reaction rate. Evidence has been obtained which suggests that BQ and MBQ, but not AQDS, are able to photooxidize water, with the consequent production of the free OH radical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Alegría
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao 00791.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Säuberlich J, Brede O, Beckert D. Investigation of the Photoreduction of Anthraquinonedisulfonic Acid by Triethylamine with Fourier Transform Electron Spin Resonance. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970344k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Säuberlich
- Research Unit “Time Resolved Spectroscopy” at the University of Leipzig, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04303 Leipzig, Germany
| | - O. Brede
- Research Unit “Time Resolved Spectroscopy” at the University of Leipzig, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04303 Leipzig, Germany
| | - D. Beckert
- Research Unit “Time Resolved Spectroscopy” at the University of Leipzig, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04303 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Das S, Dileep Kumar J, Shivaramayya K, George MV. Formation of lactams via photoelectron-transfer catalyzed reactions of N-allylamines with α,β-unsaturated esters. Tetrahedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
21
|
Beckert D, Fessenden RW. Time-Resolved ESR Study of Spin Exchange Processes in the Photoreduction of 9,10-Anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9510756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Beckert
- Max-Planck-Group “Time Resolved Spectroscopy”, University of Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, 04303 Leipzig, Germany
| | - R. W. Fessenden
- Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ly D, Kan Y, Armitage B, Schuster GB. Cleavage of DNA by Irradiation of Substituted Anthraquinones: Intercalation Promotes Electron Transfer and Efficient Reaction at GG Steps. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9615785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
23
|
Das S, Kumar JSD, Shivaramayya K, George MV. Anthraquinone-photocatalysed addition of amines to α,β-unsaturated esters: a novel route to indolizidone, pyrrolizidone and related ring systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/p19950001797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Gamage RSKA, McQuillan AJ, Peake BM. Ultraviolet–visible and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroelectrochemical studies of the reduction products of some anthraquinone sulphonates in aqueous solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1039/ft9918703653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Wagner JR, van Lier JE, Johnston LJ. Quinone sensitized electron transfer photooxidation of nucleic acids: chemistry of thymine and thymidine radical cations in aqueous solution. Photochem Photobiol 1990; 52:333-43. [PMID: 2217547 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb04189.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (MQ) sensitized photooxidation of nucleic acid derivatives has been studied by laser flash photolysis and steady state methods. Thymine and thymidine, as well as other DNA model compounds, quench triplet MQ by electron transfer to give MQ radical anions and pyrimidine or purine radical cations. Although the pyrimidine radical cations cannot be directly observed by flash photolysis, the addition of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (TMPD) results in the formation of the TMPD radical cation via scavenging of the pyrimidine radical cation. The photooxidation products for thymine and thymidine are shown to result from subsequent chemical reactions of the radical cations in oxygenated aqueous solution. The quantum yield for substrate loss at limiting substrate concentrations is 0.38 for thymine and 0.66 for thymidine. The chemistry of the radical cations involves hydration by water leading to C(6)-OH adduct radicals of the pyrimidine and deprotonation from the N(1) position in thymine and the C(5) methyl group for thymidine. Superoxide ions produced via quenching of the quinone radical anion with oxygen appear to be involved in the formation of thymine and thymidine hydroperoxides and in the reaction with N(1)-thyminyl radicals to regenerate thymine. The effects of pH were examined in the range pH 5-8 in both the presence and absence of superoxide dismutase. Initial C(6)-OH thymine adducts are suggested to dehydrate to give N(1)-thyminyl radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Navas Diaz A. Absorption and emission spectroscopy and photochemistry of 1,10-anthraquinone derivatives: a review. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(90)87120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
28
|
Alegria AE, Riesz P. Photochemistry of aqueous adriamycin and daunomycin. A spin trapping study with 17O enriched oxygen and water. Photochem Photobiol 1988; 48:147-52. [PMID: 2851841 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1988.tb02799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
29
|
Time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy of the radical anion of disodium anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate. Chem Phys Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(84)80239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
30
|
Gandelman M, Birks J, Brinkman U, Frei R. Liquid chromatographic detection of cardiac glycosides and saccharides based on the photoreduction of anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. J Chromatogr A 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)91603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
31
|
Treinin A, Loeff I, Hurley J, Linschitz H. Charge-transfer interactions of excited molecules with inorganic anions: the role of spin-orbit coupling in controlling net electron transfer. Chem Phys Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(83)80569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
32
|
Gandelman M. Liquid chromatographic detection of cardiac glycosides, saccharides and hydrocortisone based on the photoreduction of 2-tert-butylanthraquinone. Anal Chim Acta 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)85589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|