1
|
Effects of Simulated Gastric Acid Exposure on Surface Topography, Mechanical and Optical Features of Commercial CAD/CAM Ceramic Blocks. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastric acid exposure produces tooth structure demineralization and dental ceramic degradation. The most affected patients are those who suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease, bulimia nervosa, and pregnant women with prolonged severe nausea. In order to protect this kind of patient, the purpose of this study was to determine whether simulated gastric acid exposure leads to microstructural changes in surface topography, hardness, color changes, and translucency of some ceramic materials, which are already on the market. Forty disks (Triluxe Forte, Cerasmart, Enamic and Empress CAD) were analyzed before and after immersion in simulated gastric acid juice, in terms of microhardness, surface roughness, translucency, and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy. Color change was assessed by using a spectrophotometer based on CIELab parameters and the results showed that, after exposure, ∆Eab remained under the threshold of acceptability and perceptibility. In terms of microhardness, Cerasmart is the only material that did not undergo changes after immersion. SEM images illustrated observable changes surface topography after acid exposure for all the tested materials. In conclusion, Triluxe Forte suffered the most important changes after simulated gastric acid juice exposure, and Cerasmart proved to be the least affected material.
Collapse
|
2
|
In Vitro Effect of Acidic Solutions and Sodium Fluoride on Surface Roughness of Two Types of CAD-CAM Dental Ceramics. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:9977993. [PMID: 34341664 PMCID: PMC8325578 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9977993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study assessed the effect of immersion in acidic solutions and sodium fluoride on surface roughness of dental ceramics. Materials and Methods 40 blocks of Vitablocs Mark II and IPS e.max CAD (5 × 5 × 3) were prepared. The samples were divided into five groups (n = 8) for immersion in artificial saliva (control), artificially prepared gastric acid, acetic acid, 0.02% sodium fluoride + gastric acid, and 0.02% sodium fluoride + acetic acid. The samples were immersed for 168 hours in the respective solutions except for sodium fluoride, in which the samples were immersed for 69 hours. The surface roughness of samples was measured before and after immersion using a profilometer. The surface roughness changes of three specimens of each group were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and independent t-test. Results Significant changes were noted in Ra (P=0.002) and Rq (P < 0.0001) in both types of ceramics. The lowest changes in Ra and Rq parameters were seen in artificial saliva and gastric acid and highest changes occurred following immersion in 0.02% sodium fluoride + acetic acid and 0.02% sodium fluoride + gastric acid, respectively. Changes in Rz were also significant following immersion in Vitablocs Mark II (P < 0.05). Immersion in 0.02% sodium fluoride + gastric acid and 0.02% sodium fluoride + acetic acid produced a rougher surface on both types of ceramics (SEM). Conclusion Exposure of Vitablocs Mark II CAD and IPS e.max CAD to 0.02% sodium fluoride + gastric acid and 0.02% sodium fluoride + acetic acid significantly increased their surface roughness, while for Vitablocs Mark II, lager defects were seen on its surface.
Collapse
|
3
|
Moharramkhani F, Ranjbar Omrani L, Abbasi M, Kharrazifard MJ, Ahmadi E. Effect of fluoride varnish on glass ionomer microhardness changes in endogenous acid erosion challenge. Biomater Investig Dent 2021; 8:18-23. [PMID: 33629073 PMCID: PMC7889273 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2021.1880907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of fluoride varnish on glass ionomer microhardness changes after endogenous acid erosion challenge. METHODOLOGY In this study, 40 conventional glass ionomer (CGI; Fuji IX) and 40 resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI; Fuji IILC) discs were fabricated and divided into 4 subgroups (n = 10) for immersion in synthetic gastric acid or saliva for 27 h with/without fluoride varnish application. The surface microhardness was measured at baseline and after immersion, and the change in microhardness was calculated. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and T-test. RESULTS A reduction in microhardness was noted in all subgroups following immersion. The lowest change in microhardness of both CGI and RMGI occurred in artificial saliva. In CGI groups, the highest reduction in microhardness occurred in synthetic gastric acid with fluoride varnish application, and the reduction was significantly different from that of the CGI group with fluoride varnish application (p value = .01). In RMGI groups, the highest reduction in microhardness was noted in synthetic gastric acid without fluoride varnish application, and the reduction was significantly different from that of the other groups (p value < .05). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to synthetic gastric acid caused a significant reduction in microhardness of RMGI. Varnish application significantly decreased the acid susceptibility of RMGI, but not that of CGI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moharramkhani
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abbasi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Ahmadi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Erosion of CAD/CAM restorative materials and human enamel: An in situ/in vivo study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
5
|
In vitro effect of children's toothpaste on brushing abrasion of eroded primary enamel. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:157-162. [PMID: 32424691 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Emerging data have suggested that acid erosion has become an increasing clinical problem in pediatric dentistry. This study aimed to investigate the abrasive effects of two commercial toothpastes on primary enamel eroded by orange juice using an in vitro model. METHODS Thirty enamel slabs were obtained from primary teeth and then randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8) comprising two different toothpastes: G1-control-distilled water; G2-Dentifrice A (containing no fluoride); and G3-Dentifrice B (1.100 ppmF-NaF). Each slab had one half protected to provide a control side, and the other one was subjected to treatments. The slabs were submitted to daily erosive challenges (3×/day, 2 min) in concentrated orange juice (pH 3.38) associated with abrasive challenges using a tooth-brushing machine (150 brush movements for each cycle). During the experimental period, the slabs were kept in 37 °C artificial saliva, and the experiment was carried out for 5 days. The depths of the resulting eroded areas were measured by stylus profilometry. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer test (α = 5%). RESULTS Tooth loss (µm, mean ± SD) was 2.46 ± 1.18 for G1, 3.32 ± 2.12 for G2 and 2.14 ± 1.03 for G3. Therefore, the NaF dentifrice (Dentifrice B) produced significantly less mineral loss (p = 0.04) than dentifrice A. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that fluoride toothpaste could protect primary enamel against erosion.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cruz MEM, Simões R, Martins SB, Trindade FZ, Dovigo LN, Fonseca RG. Influence of simulated gastric juice on surface characteristics of CAD-CAM monolithic materials. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 123:483-490. [PMID: 31383520 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM How the surfaces of monolithic esthetic restorations behave in the presence of acidic substances is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of simulated gastric juice on roughness, morphology, microhardness, substance loss, and color change of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Disks from Lava Ultimate, VITA ENAMIC, IPS e.max CAD, and VITA SUPRINITY were analyzed for roughness, morphology, and microhardness by using a confocal microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Vickers hardness tester. Substance loss was determined by weighing the specimens on an analytical balance, and color change (ΔE) was assessed by using a spectrophotometer based on the CIELab parameters. All analyses were carried out before and after acid exposure. RESULTS Acid exposure significantly decreased the roughness, having a very high effect size on this property. The material was highly decisive in determining the microhardness, presenting the following order: VITA SUPRINITY>IPS e.max CAD>VITA ENAMIC>Lava Ultimate. The mass was not significantly affected by the acidic challenge. No significant difference in ΔE was found between Lava Ultimate and VITA ENAMIC and between IPS e.max CAD and VITA SUPRINITY. Lava Ultimate showed a higher ΔE than IPS e.max CAD and VITA SUPRINITY, whereas VITA ENAMIC exhibited higher ΔE only when compared with VITA SUPRINITY. All materials presented ΔE<1. CONCLUSIONS The simulated gastric juice significantly influenced the roughness of all the evaluated materials and promoted a color change classified as clinically undetectable in all materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlon E M Cruz
- Graduate student, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Simões
- Graduate student, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Samira B Martins
- Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Flávia Z Trindade
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Lívia N Dovigo
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Renata G Fonseca
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kandanuru V, Madhusudhana K, Ramachandruni VK, Vitta HM, Babu L. Comparative evaluation of microhardness of dentin treated with 4% titanium tetrafluoride and 1.23% acidic phosphate fluoride gel before and after exposure to acidic pH: An ex vivo study. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:560-563. [PMID: 27994319 PMCID: PMC5146773 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.194032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of 4% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) and 1.23% acidic phosphate fluoride (APF) gel on the microhardness of human coronal dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty noncarious extracted premolars were collected and sectioned buccolingually with the help of diamond disk. Exposing the sectioned surface, teeth were embedded in self-cure acrylic. Exposed coronal dentin was polished with abrasive papers starting with 220-5000 grit. Microhardness was evaluated by Vickers microhardness evaluator, at four different stages as follows - stage 1: Baseline values, Stage 2: Exposure of specimens to acidic environment at a pH 1 for 5 min, Stage 3: Application of 1.23% APF gel and 4% TiF4 (after dividing the specimens into two groups, i.e., Group A and B, respectively), and Stage 4: Followed by exposure of fluoridated specimens to acidic protocol as mentioned above. RESULTS Paired t-test was used to compare the readings between Groups A and B. Group B has shown greater resistance to decrease in microhardness of coronal dentin (P < 0.05) on exposure to acidic protocol. CONCLUSION Due to acidic pH (1.5) of 4% TiF4, amount of increase in microhardness of dentin is <1.23% APF gel. 4% TiF4 was more effective in resisting demineralization than 1.23% APF gel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kandanuru
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Koppolu Madhusudhana
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vamsi Krishna Ramachandruni
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Lenin Babu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cengiz S, Sarac S, Özcan M. Effects of simulated gastric juice on color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of laboratory-processed composites. Dent Mater J 2016; 33:343-8. [PMID: 24882109 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Medical problems such as gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause considerable damage to restorations in the oral environment. This study evaluated the effects of gastric juice on the surface characteristics of different types of laboratory-processed indirect composites with different filler particles and polymerization modes. Specimens were prepared from Tescera (TES; Bisco), Sinfony (SIN; 3M ESPE), Solidex (SOL; Shofu), and Adoro (AD; Ivoclar Vivadent). Before exposing the specimens to simulated gastric juice for 24 h, color, surface roughness, and microhardness were measured on one half of the polished flat surface of each specimen. After exposure to the simulated gastric juice, the same tests were repeated on the other half of specimen surface. Results indicated that gastric juice had a significant impact on color change (p<0.001). AD showed the largest surface roughness change among the resins (p<0.001). Gastric juice also significantly affected the microhardness of the materials, and AD and TES showed statistically similar change in microhardness (p>0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Cengiz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Backer AD, Münchow EA, Eckert GJ, Hara AT, Platt JA, Bottino MC. Effects of Simulated Gastric Juice on CAD/CAM Resin Composites-Morphological and Mechanical Evaluations. J Prosthodont 2015; 26:424-431. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana D. Backer
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
- Department of Prosthodontics; Graduate Prosthodontics, IUSD; Indianapolis IN
| | - Eliseu A. Münchow
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - George J. Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis IN
| | - Anderson T. Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health; IUSD; Indianapolis IN
| | - Jeffrey A. Platt
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
| | - Marco C. Bottino
- Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials; Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD); Indianapolis IN
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alves MDSC, Mantilla TF, Bridi EC, Basting RT, França FMG, Amaral FLB, Turssi CP. Rinsing with antacid suspension reduces hydrochloric acid-induced erosion. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 61:66-70. [PMID: 26519789 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mouthrinsing with antacids, following erosive episodes, have been suggested as a preventative strategy to minimize tooth surface loss due to their neutralizing effect. The purpose of this in situ study was to evaluate the effect of an antacid suspension containing sodium alginate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate in controlling simulated erosion of enamel of intrinsic origin. DESIGN The experimental units were 48 slabs (3×3×2mm) of bovine enamel, randomly divided among 12 volunteers who wore palatal appliances with two enamel slabs. One of them was exposed extra-orally twice a day to 25mL of a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution (0.01M, pH 2) for 2min. There were two independent phases, lasting 5 days each. In the first phase, according to a random scheme, half of the participants rinsed with 10mL of antacid suspension (Gaviscon(®), Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare Ltd.), while the remainder was rinsed with deionized water, for 1min. For the second phase, new slabs were inserted and participants switched to the treatment not received in the first stage. Therefore, the groups were as follows: (a) erosive challenge with HCl+antacid suspension; (b) erosive challenge with HCl+deionized water (DIW); (c) no erosive challenge+antacid suspension; (d) no erosive challenge+DIW. Specimens were assessed in terms of surface loss using optical profilometry and Knoop microhardness. The data were analyzed using repeated measures two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Compared to DIW rinses, surface loss of enamel was significantly lower when using an antacid rinse following erosive challenges (p=0.015). The Knoop microhardness of the enamel was significantly higher when the antacid rinse was used (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS The antacid suspension containing sodium alginate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate, rinsed after erosive challenges of intrinsic origin, reduced enamel surface loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Socorro Coelho Alves
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Taís Fonseca Mantilla
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Enrico Coser Bridi
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lucisano Botelho Amaral
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Pedroso Turssi
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, R. Dr José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scatolin RS, Alonso-Filho FL, Galo R, Rios D, Borsatto MC, Corona SAM. CO₂ laser emission modes to control enamel erosion. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78:654-9. [PMID: 25988247 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Considering the importance and prevalence of dental erosion, the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different modes of pulse emission of CO2 laser associated or not to acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) 1.23% gel, in controlling enamel erosion by profilometry. Ninety-six fragments of bovine enamel were flattened and polished, and the specimens were subjected to initial erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid (pH = 2). Specimens were randomly assigned according to surface treatment: APF 1.23% gel and gel without fluoride (control), and subdivided according to the modes of pulse CO2 laser irradiation: no irradiation (control), continuous, ultrapulse, and repeated pulse (n = 12). After surface treatment, further erosive challenges were performed for 5 days, 4 × 2 min/day. Enamel structure loss was quantitatively determined by a profilometer, after surface treatment and after 5 days of erosive challenges. Two-away ANOVA revealed a significant difference between the pulse emission mode of the CO2 laser and the presence of fluoride (P ≤ 0.05). The Duncan's test showed that CO2 laser irradiation in continuous mode and the specimens only received fluoride, promoted lower enamel loss than that other treatments. A lower dissolution of the enamel prisms was observed when it was irradiated with CO2 laser in continuous mode compared other groups. It can be concluded that CO2 laser irradiation in continuous mode was the most effective to control the enamel structure loss submitted to erosive challenges with hydrochloric acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Siqueira Scatolin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luiz Alonso-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Galo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, State Sao Paulo University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14803-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Dental School of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Medeiros IC, Brasil VLM, Carlo HL, Santos RLD, De Lima BASG, De Carvalho FG. In vitro effect of calcium nanophosphate and high-concentrated fluoride agents on enamel erosion: an AFM study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2014; 24:168-74. [PMID: 23782170 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium nanophosphate paste can provide ions to remineralize enamel. There are, however, no data available about the remineralizing effect of this paste on the prevention of enamel erosion, when compared with highly concentrated fluoride agents. AIM To analyze the effect of calcium nanophosphate paste, fluoride gel, and varnish to protect against enamel erosion using surface Knoop hardness (KNH) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). DESIGN Forty enamel blocks (4 × 4 mm) of third molars were used for 4 groups (n = 10): 1.23% fluoride gel (Fluorgel-DFL(®) ); calcium nanophosphate paste (Desensibilize NanoP-FGM(®) ); fluoride varnish (Duraphat-Colgate(®) ) and control (without agent). The specimens were immersed in cola drink for 5 min and 2 h in artificial saliva, 4× per day for 5 days. The agents were applied before the first erosive cycle. KNH values were obtained before and after the erosive challenge. The surface morphology was evaluated by AFM. anova, Tukey's, and T-Student tests were applied. RESULTS After erosion, no significant difference was found for KNH among gel, nanophosphate, and varnish groups; however, they showed higher KNH than control group. Gel and nanophosphate paste showed a protective layer formation on enamel surface by AFM. CONCLUSIONS The calcium nanophosphate paste showed similar protection against enamel erosion compared with high-concentrated fluoride agents, even containing lower fluoride concentration.
Collapse
|
13
|
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and tooth erosion. Int J Dent 2011; 2012:479850. [PMID: 22194748 PMCID: PMC3238367 DOI: 10.1155/2012/479850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children and adults, and of “silent refluxers” in particular, increases the responsibility of dentists to be alert to this potentially severe condition when observing unexplained instances of tooth erosion. Although gastroesophageal reflux is a normal physiologic occurrence, excessive gastric and duodenal regurgitation combined with a decrease in normal protective mechanisms, including an adequate production of saliva, may result in many esophageal and extraesophageal adverse conditions. Sleep-related GERD is particularly insidious as the supine position enhances the proximal migration of gastric contents, and normal saliva production is much reduced. Gastric acid will displace saliva easily from tooth surfaces, and proteolytic pepsin will remove protective dental pellicle. Though increasing evidence of associations between GERD and tooth erosion has been shown in both animal and human studies, relatively few clinical studies have been carried out under controlled trial conditions. Suspicion of an endogenous source of acid being associated with observed tooth erosion requires medical referral and management of the patient as the primary method for its prevention and control.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ren YF, Liu X, Fadel N, Malmstrom H, Barnes V, Xu T. Preventive effects of dentifrice containing 5000ppm fluoride against dental erosion in situ. J Dent 2011; 39:672-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
15
|
Preventing erosion with novel agents. J Dent 2011; 39:163-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
16
|
De Carvalho Filho ACB, Sanches RP, Martin AA, Do Espírito Santo AM, Soares LES. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry study of the protective effects of fluoride varnish and gel on enamel erosion. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 74:839-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
17
|
Choi S, Cheong Y, Lee GJ, Park HK. Effect of fluoride pretreatment on primary and permanent tooth surfaces by acid-etching. SCANNING 2010; 32:375-382. [PMID: 21254111 DOI: 10.1002/sca.20211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study observed the effect of fluoride application on a 37% phosphoric acid etching for 20 s of the enamel surfaces of primary and permanent teeth based on a clinical protocol employed in dental hospitals, through atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Enamel samples were prepared from 84 exfoliated and noncarious teeth. Primary (groups 1-4) and permanent (groups 5-8) tooth samples were assigned randomly to one of eight groups based on the timing of acid-etching with 37% phosphoric acid after an acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) treatment. Groups 1 and 5 received no fluoride application. Groups 2-4 and 6-8 were pretreated with fluoride and received acid-etching 2 weeks later (groups 2 and 6), 1 week later (groups 3 and 7), and immediately (groups 4 and 8). The acid-etching process led to a significant increase in roughness (p<0.0001), and the APF treatment led to a decrease in primary and permanent tooth surface roughness (p<0.005). An acid-etching procedure 2 weeks after performing an APF pretreatment might be recommended to obtain the maximum enamel adhesion of a resin composite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samjin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bueno MG, Marsicano JA, Sales-Peres SHC. Preventive effect of iron gel with or without fluoride on bovine enamel erosion in vitro. Aust Dent J 2010; 55:177-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
19
|
Choi S, Rhee Y, Park JH, Lee GJ, Kim KS, Park JH, Park YG, Park HK. Effects of fluoride treatment on phosphoric acid-etching in primary teeth: an AFM observation. Micron 2010; 41:498-506. [PMID: 20219379 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fluoride application on 37% phosphoric acid-etching by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in primary tooth samples based on a clinical protocol used in a pediatric dental hospital. Enamel samples were prepared from 36 exfoliated and non-carious primary teeth. Primary tooth samples were randomly assigned to one of the four groups based on the timing of acid-etching with 37% phosphoric acid after an acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) pre-treatment. Group 1 received no fluoride application, Group 2 was pre-treated with fluoride and then received acid-etching 2 weeks later. One week separated the fluoride treatment and the acid-etching in Group 3, while Group 4 received acid-etching immediately after the fluoride treatment. The vestibular enamel surfaces of each primary tooth sample were scanned in air at a resolution of 512 x 512 pixels and a scan speed of 0.8 line/s. On the enamel surfaces of the primary teeth after APF pre-treatment, debris were observed although the teeth were smoother than they were prior to APF. As a result, it was concluded that APF treatment is responsible for decreased primary tooth surface roughness. The enamel surfaces etched for 20s showed that acid-etching was effective not only in removing scratches and debris, but also for evaluating enamel rod characteristics. Primary tooth enamel surfaces after etching showed minute structures caused by the decreased hydroxyapatite nanoparticle space, compared to those before etching. Also, acid-etching showed significantly increased roughness effects (p<0.0001, n=9). Finally, as more time elapsed after APF pre-treatment, the roughness was decreased to a lesser degree (p=0.005, n=9). We suggest that primary teeth etching 2 weeks after APF pre-treatment used clinically in pediatric hospitals may be effective to obtain properly etched enamel surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samjin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Erosion and abrasion of tooth-colored restorative materials and human enamel. J Dent 2009; 37:913-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
21
|
Murakami C, Bönecker M, Corrêa MSNP, Mendes FM, Rodrigues CRMD. Effect of fluoride varnish and gel on dental erosion in primary and permanent teeth. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:997-1001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
22
|
Willershausen B, Callaway A, Azrak B, Kloß C, Schulz-Dobrick B. Prolonged in vitro exposure to white wines enhances the erosive damage on human permanent teeth compared with red wines. Nutr Res 2009; 29:558-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Richards LC, Townsend GC. The effect of CPP–ACP on enamel wear under severe erosive conditions. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:527-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Piekarz C, Ranjitkar S, Hunt D, McIntyre J. An in vitro assessment of the role of Tooth Mousse in preventing wine erosion. Aust Dent J 2008; 53:22-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.00003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Lussi A, Megert B, Eggenberger D, Jaeggi T. Impact of Different Toothpastes on the Prevention of Erosion. Caries Res 2007; 42:62-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000112517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
26
|
Pai N, McIntyre J, Tadic N, Laparidis C. Comparative uptake of fluoride ion into enamel from various topical fluorides in vitro. Aust Dent J 2007; 52:41-6. [PMID: 17500163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.tb00464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are many forms of topical fluoride available today, making the decision as to which is most effective to manage the immediate caries risk problem at hand, very difficult. The objective of this project was to determine the concentration and pattern of fluoride ion uptake into enamel from a variety of categories of topical fluoride recently available in Australia. METHODS Extracted, intact molar teeth were sectioned to provide six plates of smooth surface enamel. Windows of enamel 2 x 6 mm were exposed to a variety of topical fluorides for periods simulating those used in vivo. Following drying, the slates of enamel were exposed to 2 ml of 0.1 M HCl as a chemical biopsy agent for incremental periods of time. The concentrations of fluoride ion in the biopsy solutions for both test and background (control) slates of enamel were determined directly using a fluoride combination selective electrode in conjunction with a high impedance pH meter. Cumulative amounts of fluoride were determined for each topical fluoride agent. RESULTS The concentrations of fluoride ion taken up into enamel were generally proportional to those present in each agent. However, those from APF gel greatly exceeded the amounts taken up from NaF gel. Also, the concentrations taken up from some of the highly concentrated metal fluorides were surprisingly low. Prior etching of enamel increased uptake and prolonged application of APF gel provided no extra benefit. CONCLUSIONS Some topical fluorides, e.g., APF gel, provided a greatly increased uptake and to a greater depth than other self-application products. However, the frequency of its use should be considered with caution where patients have glass-based restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Pai
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vieira A, Jager DHJ, Ruben JL, Huysmans MCDNJM. Inhibition of Erosive Wear by Fluoride Varnish. Caries Res 2006; 41:61-7. [PMID: 17167261 DOI: 10.1159/000096107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that fluoride products with a protective mechanical component are advantageous in the prevention of erosive wear. The aim of this study was to evaluate in situ the effect of fluoride varnish (FV) in the prevention of wear due to erosion and combined erosion and toothbrush abrasion. Eleven volunteers wore for 3 weeks, during working hours, appliances containing 2 control and 2 FV-treated human enamel samples. Erosion took place extraorally 3 times a day (5 min) in the soft drink Sprite. At the end of each experimental day one control and one FV sample (C-er+abr and FV-er+abr) were brushed (5 s) with fluoridated dentrifice. The remaining control and FV sample (C-er and FV-er) were left unbrushed. Enamel volume loss was quantified by optical profilometry at day 5, 10 and 15. A statistically significant progression in enamel loss was found for the C-er, C-er+abr and FV-er+abr groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) but not for the FV-er group (p = 0.053). The values of cumulative normalized volume loss (x10(8) mum) at day 15 were: C-er 5.53 +/- 2.14, C-er+abr 5.70 +/- 2.07, FV-er 0.79 +/- 0.67 and FV-er+abr 2.76 +/- 1.35. The FV-er and FV-er+abr groups showed significant lower volume loss than the C-er group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively) and the C-er+abr group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). The results indicate that fluoride varnish is effective in the reduction of erosive wear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vieira
- Department of Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Saunders JGC, McIntyre JM. The ability of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel to inhibit simulated endogenous erosion in tooth roots. Aust Dent J 2006; 50:263-6. [PMID: 17016893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endogenous dental erosion is that produced by contact of gastric acids with tooth structure. It may affect exposed root cementum/dentine as well as coronal enamel, causing marked loss of mineral. The aim of this study was to determine whether 1.23 per cent acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, if applied to the surface cementum at certain intervals during an erosive acid challenge, could provide any protection against demineralization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Roots of preserved extracted human teeth were painted with a water and acid resistant varnish, leaving two windows (3x1mm) of exposed dentine. These were placed in a solution containing 0.06MHCl and 2.2mMCaHPO4, which has been shown to simulate gastric acid when it meets the tooth surface. The roots were placed in the erosive solution unprotected (controls), or subject to APF application for four minutes prior to and every 10, 30 or 120 minutes during the erosive challenge. Roots were removed at either 6 or 12 hours, washed thoroughly and cut into 120microm thick sections. Depths of demineralization were measured using an optical graticule under polarized light microscopy. RESULTS A high level of protection was provided when the roots were coated with APF gel every 10 or 30 minutes. CONCLUSIONS APF gel will partially inhibit endogenous erosion of roots for up to 30 minutes if applied, for example, the night before a morning reflux episode. This should be considered along with other erosion control or reduction procedures for patients suffering from the effects of endogenous erosion.
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheung A, Zid Z, Hunt D, McIntyre J. The potential for dental plaque to protect against erosion using an in vivo-in vitro model--a pilot study. Aust Dent J 2006; 50:228-34. [PMID: 17016887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth erosion is a problem for professional wine tasters (exogenous erosion from frequent exposure to wine acids) and for people with gastro oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and bulimia who experience frequent reflux of gastric contents into the mouth (endogenous erosion from mainly HCl). The objective in this study was to determine whether plaque/pellicle could provide teeth with any protection from two common erosive acids, using an in vivo-in vitro technique. METHODS Tiles of human tooth enamel and root surfaces were prepared from six extracted, unerupted third molar teeth and sterilized. Mandibular stents were prepared for six volunteer subjects and the tiles bonded to the buccal flanges of these stents. They were worn initially for three days to permit a layer of pellicle and plaque to form over the tile surfaces, and for a further 10 days of experimentation. Following cleaning of the plaque/ pellicle layer from the tiles on the right side flange, all the tiles were submerged in either 0.06M HCl or white wine for an accumulated time of 600 and 1500 minutes, respectively. Depths of erosion were determined using light microscopy of sections of the enamel and root tiles. SEM of the lesion surfaces was carried out to investigate the nature of erosive damage and of plaque/pellicle remnants. RESULTS Retained plaque was found to significantly inhibit dental erosion on enamel, from contact with both HCl and wine, compared with that resulting following its removal. However, it was found to provide no significant protection on root surfaces. SEM analysis of the tile surfaces revealed marked etching of enamel on the cleaned surfaces, and considerable alteration to the appearance of remaining plaque and pellicle on most surfaces. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of numbers of specimens, dental plaque/pellicle provided a significant level of protection to tooth enamel against dental erosion from simulated gastric acids and from white wine, using an in vivo-in vitro model. It was unable to provide any significant protection to root surfaces from these erosive agents. Possible reasons for this difference are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Cheung
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lennon AM, Pfeffer M, Buchalla W, Becker K, Lennon S, Attin T. Effect of a Casein/Calcium Phosphate-Containing Tooth Cream and Fluoride on Enamel Erosion in vitro. Caries Res 2006; 40:154-7. [PMID: 16508274 DOI: 10.1159/000091063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether a tooth cream containing casein/calcium phosphate (CasCP) protects enamel against erosion. Sixty bovine enamel specimens were prepared for profilometry and distributed into five groups. Specimens were rinsed with artificial saliva interrupted by 1% citric acid (pH 2.3) for 30 s 6 times daily for 14 days. Group 1 (n=12) was not treated (control); in group 2 (n=12) CasCP was applied for 120 s twice daily; in group 3 (n=12) 250 ppm fluoride as NaF was applied for 120 s twice daily; in group 4 (n=12) CasCP was applied for 120 s, then 250 ppm fluoride for 120 s twice daily, and in group 5 (n=12) amine fluoride (AmF) gel (12,500 ppm fluoride) was applied for 120 s twice daily. Differences between groups with respect to erosive enamel loss (profilometrically determined depth after 7 and 14 days) were tested by the Mann-Whitney test (alpha=0.05). After 7/14 days' erosive cycling, specimens treated with AmF gel showed significantly less enamel loss (18.5/35.5 microm; medians) than those treated with CasCP (25.5/46.9 microm), 250 ppm fluoride (25.0/ 40.9 microm), CasCP and 250 ppm fluoride (23.9/47.4 microm) or with no treatment (26.3/49.8 microm). It is concluded that highly fluoridated acidic AmF gel can protect enamel against erosion while CasCP, 250 ppm fluoride or a combination of CasCP and 250 ppm fluoride provide little protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Lennon
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lussi A, Jaeggi T, Gerber C, Megert B. Effect of Amine/Sodium Fluoride Rinsing on Toothbrush Abrasion of Softened Enamel in situ. Caries Res 2004; 38:567-71. [PMID: 15528913 DOI: 10.1159/000080588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2003] [Accepted: 02/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the effect of fluoride rinsing on the prevention of toothbrush abrasion of softened enamel in situ. For softening, the samples were immersed in 0.1 M citric acid (pH 3.5) for 3 min. Eight test subjects had to make 5 runs in which 4 slabs per run were attached to intraoral appliances. They were as follows: (1) no softening, no fluoride rinsing (control 1); (2) softening, no fluoride rinsing (control 2); (3) softening, rinsing in situ with a sodium/amine fluoride rinsing solution (250 ppm F) for 30 s; (4) rinsing in situ with the sodium/amine fluoride rinsing solution (250 ppm F) for 30 s, softening; (5) softening, rinsing in situ with an experimental amine fluoride-containing rinsing solution (250 ppm F) for 30 s. After exposure for 60 min to the oral milieu, the volunteers brushed the samples for 30 s with toothpaste and the loss of tooth substance was determined. For each test person, the secretion rate of resting and paraffin-stimulated saliva, buffering capacity and pH were measured. Toothbrush abrasion in situ was not significantly lower using the fluoride rinsing solutions before or after softening the enamel compared to no rinsing (p > 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that 57% of the variation in toothbrush abrasion could be attributed to the severity of softening (p < 0.001) and the pH of stimulated saliva (p < 0.001). It was concluded that a single rinse for 30 s had no statistically significant effect on the prevention of toothbrush abrasion of softened enamel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lussi
- Department of Operative, Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|