1
|
Jang G, Kim J, Park C, Song K, Kang W, Yang K, Lee C. Pathogenicity of a novel classical swine fever LOM vaccine‐derived virus isolated on Jeju Island, South Korea. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2434-2443. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guehwan Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Joo‐Ah Kim
- Livestock Affairs Division Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju Republic of Korea
| | - Changnam Park
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungok Song
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju Republic of Korea
| | - Won‐Myoung Kang
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsu Yang
- Farm & Pharm Veterinary Hospital Jeju Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Production of Bivalent Subunit Vaccine for Porcine via 2A-Like Sequence in Baculovirus Expression Vector System. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) have caused severe diseases in swine populations worldwide. Here, a polycistronic baculovirus vector was developed to express a bivalent vaccine, consisting of the CSFV-E2 and PCV2-Cap protein, and an immunomodulator protein derived from the Flammulina velutipes, FVE-FIP, as well as the selection marker, green fluorescent protein. The simultaneous expression of the CSFV-E2 and PCV2-Cap protein was mediated by the 2A-like sequence derived from the Perina nuda virus (PnV), while the expression of the FVE-FIP was driven by the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element derived from the Rhophalosipum padi virus (RhPV). The Western blot analysis result suggested that the CSFV-E2, PCV2-Cap, and FVE-FIP protein were successfully co-expressed by the infected Spodoptera frugiperda IPBL-Sf21 (Sf21) cell line. The extracted cell lysate containing all three recombinant proteins was administered to Balb/C mice with or without the supplementation of Freund’s adjuvant. The ELISA analysis of the serum collected from all the immunized groups showed detectable antibodies against CSFV-E2 and PCV2-Cap. Furthermore, the immunized group without the adjuvant supplementation demonstrated a similar level of antibodies to the group with adjuvant supplementation, suggesting the efficiency of the FVE-FIP in enhancing the immune response. These results demonstrated the polycistronic baculovirus vector could be employed to develop bivalent vaccines for pigs.
Collapse
|
3
|
Jang G, Kim EJ, Cho SC, Moon SU, Kim BS, Kim J, Jeong KJ, Song K, Mun SH, Kang WM, Lee J, Park C, Yang HS, Lee C. Field evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of a classical swine fever virus E2 subunit vaccine in breeding and nursery animals on Jeju Island, South Korea. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2022; 11:264-273. [DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2022.11.3.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guehwan Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Cho
- Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sung-Up Moon
- Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Byeong Soo Kim
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kyoung Ju Jeong
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kyungok Song
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Mun
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Won-Myoung Kang
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jonghoo Lee
- Jeju-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Changnam Park
- Seogwipo-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Seok Yang
- Seogwipo-si Livestock Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choe S, Kim KS, Shin J, Song S, Park GN, Cha RM, Choi SH, Jung BI, Lee KW, Hyun BH, Park BK, An DJ. Comparative Analysis of the Productivity and Immunogenicity of an Attenuated Classical Swine Fever Vaccine (LOM) and an Attenuated Live Marker Classical Swine Fever Vaccine (Flc-LOM-BE rns) from Laboratory to Pig Farm. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040381. [PMID: 33924647 PMCID: PMC8070377 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we compared the productivity of pigs inoculated with one of two classical swine fever (CSF) vaccines (low virulent of Miyagi (LOM) or Flc-LOM-BErns) plus the swine erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (SE) vaccine. The feed intake and weight increase of the pigs inoculated with Flc-LOM-BErns + SE were normal. However, the feed intake of the pigs inoculated with LOM + SE dropped sharply from four days post-vaccination (dpv). In addition, the slaughter date was an average of eight days later than that of the pigs inoculated with Flc-LOM-BErns + SE. All pigs inoculated with the Flc-LOM-BErns + SE vaccine were completely differentiated at 14 days against CSF Erns antibody and at approximately 45 days against the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) Erns antibody; the titers were maintained until slaughter. Leucopenia occurred temporarily in the LOM + SE group, but not in the Flc-LOM-BErns + SE group. Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IFN-γ was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the LOM + SE group than in the mock (no vaccine) group. When conducting the same experiment on a breeding farm, the results were similar to those of the laboratory experiments. In conclusion, the biggest advantage of replacing the CSF LOM vaccine with the Flc-LOM-BErns vaccine is improved productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SeEun Choe
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Ki-Sun Kim
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Jihye Shin
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Sok Song
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Gyu-Nam Park
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Ra Mi Cha
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Sung-Hyun Choi
- Korea Pork Producers Association, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06643, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (B.-I.J.)
| | - Byung-Il Jung
- Korea Pork Producers Association, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06643, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (B.-I.J.)
| | - Kyung-Won Lee
- Pig Integrated Control Center (PICC), Cheonan City 31008, Korea;
| | - Bang-Hun Hyun
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
| | - Bong-Kyun Park
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong-Jun An
- Virus Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimchen, Gyeongbuk-do 39660, Korea; (S.C.); (K.-S.K.); (J.S.); (S.S.); (G.-N.P.); (R.M.C.); (B.-H.H.); (B.-K.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-912-0795
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coronado L, Perera CL, Rios L, Frías MT, Pérez LJ. A Critical Review about Different Vaccines against Classical Swine Fever Virus and Their Repercussions in Endemic Regions. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:154. [PMID: 33671909 PMCID: PMC7918945 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is, without any doubt, one of the most devasting viral infectious diseases affecting the members of Suidae family, which causes a severe impact on the global economy. The reemergence of CSF virus (CSFV) in several countries in America, Asia, and sporadic outbreaks in Europe, sheds light about the serious concern that a potential global reemergence of this disease represents. The negative aspects related with the application of mass stamping out policies, including elevated costs and ethical issues, point out vaccination as the main control measure against future outbreaks. Hence, it is imperative for the scientific community to continue with the active investigations for more effective vaccines against CSFV. The current review pursues to gather all the available information about the vaccines in use or under developing stages against CSFV. From the perspective concerning the evolutionary viral process, this review also discusses the current problematic in CSF-endemic countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liani Coronado
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), OIE Collaborating Centre for Disaster Risk Reduction in Animal Health, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (L.C.); (C.L.P.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Carmen L. Perera
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), OIE Collaborating Centre for Disaster Risk Reduction in Animal Health, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (L.C.); (C.L.P.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Liliam Rios
- Reiman Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada;
| | - María T. Frías
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), OIE Collaborating Centre for Disaster Risk Reduction in Animal Health, San José de las Lajas 32700, Cuba; (L.C.); (C.L.P.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Lester J. Pérez
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL 61802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Protection of Piglets with Maternally Derived Antibodies from Sows Inoculated with an Attenuated Live Marker Classical Swine Fever Vaccine (Flc-LOM-BE rns). Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9080608. [PMID: 32726906 PMCID: PMC7459659 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9080608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the protective efficacy provided by passive immunity induced by a classical swine fever (Flc-LOM-BErns) vaccine with the newly developed DIVA (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) function. Ten pigs (aged 40–60 days) with maternally derived antibodies (MDAs) obtained from sows inoculated with the Flc-LOM-BErns vaccine were challenged with virulent classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Pigs with an MDA titer of 6 log2 induced by the Flc-LOM-BErns vaccine were fully protected against virulent CSFV challenge but not the pigs with an MDA titer under 5 log2. In addition, Flc-LOM-BErns vaccine-derived MDAs successfully differentiated vaccinated pigs by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) Erns/CSFV Erns antibody detection, functioning as a DIVA.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jang G, Kim JA, Yoo H, Yang K, Yang HS, Park C, Jeong K, Park CK, Lyoo YS, Lee C. Genomic characterization of classical swine fever virus LOM variants with 3'-UTR INDELs from pigs on Jeju Island, South Korea. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1691-1696. [PMID: 32394293 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04651-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) reemerged in naïve pig herds on Jeju Island, South Korea, due to the accidental introduction of the LOM vaccine strain in 2014. Since this reemergence, the previously CSFV-free region has experienced numerous outbreaks, causing the virus to become endemic in provincial herds. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequences and investigated the molecular characteristics of LOM-derived field CSFV strains with unique insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) that were responsible for ongoing sporadic outbreaks on Jeju Island in 2019. The Jeju LOM-derived variants that emerged in 2019 had their own INDEL signatures in the 3'-UTR, resulting in changes to the predicted secondary stem-loop structures. The genomes of these strains were 12,297-12,302 nucleotides in length, one nucleotide (nt) shorter or one, two, or four nt longer than the reference LOM strain. The 3'-UTR INDEL variants shared 98.8-99.0% and 98.3-98.6% identity with the LOM strain at the polyprotein and full-genome level, respectively. The total number of genetic variations between the LOM vaccine strain and the 3'-UTR INDEL isolates ranged from 161 to 202 and 37 to 45 at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. These mutations were broadly dispersed throughout the genome and particularly clustered in NS2 and the 3'-UTR, possibly triggering a reversion to low virulence and allowing the virus to adapt to improve its persistence in the field. This study provides important information about the genetic evolution of LOM-derived CSFV circulating in the free region, and suggests that it arose from continuous non-lethal mutations to ensure viral fitness in host animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guehwan Jang
- Animal Virology Laboratory, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ah Kim
- Animal Health Division, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63122, South Korea
| | - Hyekyung Yoo
- Farm and Pharm Veterinary Hospital, Jeju, 63029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsu Yang
- Farm and Pharm Veterinary Hospital, Jeju, 63029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Seok Yang
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63344, South Korea
| | - Changnam Park
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63344, South Korea
| | - Kyongju Jeong
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63344, South Korea
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Young S Lyoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- Animal Virology Laboratory, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jang G, Kim J, Kang W, Yang H, Park C, Jeong K, Moon S, Park C, Lyoo Y, Lee C. Endemic outbreaks due to the re‐emergence of classical swine fever after accidental introduction of modified live LOM vaccine on Jeju Island, South Korea. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:634-639. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guehwan Jang
- Animal Virology Laboratory School of Life Sciences BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
| | - Joo‐Ah Kim
- Animal Health Division Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Won‐Myoung Kang
- Animal Health Division Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Hyoung‐Seok Yang
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Changnam Park
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Kyongju Jeong
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Sung‐Up Moon
- Veterinary Research Institute Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Jeju South Korea
| | - Choi‐Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine Kyungpook National University DaeguSouth Korea
| | - Young S. Lyoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine Konkuk University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- Animal Virology Laboratory School of Life Sciences BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Je SH, Kwon T, Yoo SJ, Lee DU, Lee S, Richt JA, Lyoo YS. Classical Swine Fever Outbreak after Modified Live LOM Strain Vaccination in Naive Pigs, South Korea. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 24:798-800. [PMID: 29553332 PMCID: PMC5875281 DOI: 10.3201/eid2404.171319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report classical swine fever outbreaks occurring in naive pig herds on Jeju Island, South Korea, after the introduction of the LOM vaccine strain. Two isolates from sick pigs had >99% identity with the vaccine stain. LOM strain does not appear safe; its use in the vaccine should be reconsidered.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoo SJ, Kwon T, Kang K, Kim H, Kang SC, Richt JA, Lyoo YS. Genetic evolution of classical swine fever virus under immune environments conditioned by genotype 1-based modified live virus vaccine. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:735-745. [PMID: 29319233 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Modified live vaccines (MLVs) based on genotype 1 strains, particularly C-strain, have been used to prevent and control classical swine fever virus (CSFV) worldwide. Nevertheless, a shift in the predominant CSFV strains circulating in the field from genotype 1 or 3 to genotype 2 is seen. Genotype 2 is genetically distant from the vaccine strains and was recently reported during outbreaks after vaccine failure; this has raised concerns that vaccination has influenced viral evolution. In Korea in 2016, there was an unexpected CSF outbreak in a MLV-vaccinated commercial pig herd. The causative CSFV strain was genetically distinct from previously isolated Korean strains but similar to recent Chinese strains exhibiting enhanced capacity to escape neutralization; this suggests the need for global cooperative research on the evolution of CSFV. We analysed global E2 sequences, using bioinformatics tools, revealing the evolutionary pathways of CSFV. Classical swine fever virus genotypes 1 and 2 experienced different degrees and patterns of evolutionary growth. Whereas genotype 1 stayed relatively conserved over time, the genetic diversity of genotype 2 has progressively expanded, with few fluctuations. It was determined that genotype 2 evolved under lower immune pressures and at a higher evolutionary rate than genotype 1. Further, several selected codons, under diversifying selection in genotype 1 but under purifying selection in genotype 2, correspond to antigenic determinants, which could lead to evasion of vaccine-induced immunity. Our findings provide evidence that evolutionary changes in CSFV are the result of the disproportionate usage of the CSF MLVs in endemic areas; this underscores the need to develop mitigation strategies to minimize the substantial risk associated with the emergence of vaccine-escaping mutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Yoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T Kwon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Kang
- Sooje Animal Hospital, Dongducheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H Kim
- Optipharm Inc., Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - S C Kang
- Optipharm Inc., Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - J A Richt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Y S Lyoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sarkar S, Hossain ME, Gurley ES, Hasan R, Rahman MZ. An outbreak of classical swine fever in pigs in Bangladesh, 2015. Vet Med Sci 2017; 4:45-52. [PMID: 29468080 PMCID: PMC5813109 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In a group of 22 healthy pigs aged between 4 and 6 months, 2 pigs became ill with high fever, complete anorexia, cough and abnormal swaying movements on 22 June 2015. One of them died on June 24 and the second died on July 3. Shortly after, the remaining pigs also fell ill and died from the same illness by 10 August 2015. We investigated the aetiology, epidemiological and clinical features of the outbreak. We recorded the clinical signs and symptoms for each pig with the date of onset of illness. Veterinarians conducted post-mortem examinations on the 12 dead pigs, they collected tissue samples from the dead pigs and placed them in a tube containing 1 mL of nucleic acid extraction buffer (lysis buffer). We tested all the tissue samples by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect classical swine fever virus (CSFV) because the animals' symptoms matched those of this disease. We also conducted a phylogentic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the E2 gene segment of CSFV detected in a lung tissue sample. The attack rate (22/22) and the case fatality were 100%. The predominant symptoms of the disease included high fever, cough, diarrhoea and swaying movements of the hind legs prior to death. Of the 12 pigs tissue samples tested, all had evidence of the presence of CSFV RNA by rRT-PCR. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus belongs to genotype 2.2, which is closely related to CSFV genotype 2.2 reported in India. Our investigation suggests that CSF is circulating in pigs, posing a risk for communities in Bangladesh that rely on pigs for economic income and dietary protein. Future research could focus on estimating the disease and economic burden of CSFV in pig rearing areas to determine if interventions might be warranted or cost-effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Sarkar
- Infectious Diseases DivisionProgramme for Emerging Infectionsicddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Emily S Gurley
- Infectious Diseases DivisionProgramme for Emerging Infectionsicddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Rashedul Hasan
- Infectious Diseases DivisionProgramme for Emerging Infectionsicddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammed Z Rahman
- Infectious Diseases DivisionProgramme for Emerging Infectionsicddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lim SI, Song JY, Kim J, Hyun BH, Kim HY, Cho IS, Kim B, Woo GH, Lee JB, An DJ. Safety of classical swine fever virus vaccine strain LOM in pregnant sows and their offspring. Vaccine 2016; 34:2021-6. [PMID: 26947495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the safety of the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine strain LOM in pregnant sows. Pregnant sows with free CSFV antibody were inoculated with a commercial LOM vaccine during early pregnancy (day 38; n=3) or mid-pregnancy (days 49-59; n=11). In pregnant sows vaccinated during the early stages of gestation, abortion (day 109) was observed in one case, with two stillbirths and seven mummified fetuses. The viability of live-born piglets was 34.9% in sows vaccinated during mid-pregnancy compared with 81.8% in the control group. Post-mortem examination of the organs of the sows and piglets did not reveal any pathological lesions caused by CSFV; however, CSFV RNA was detected in the organs of several vaccinated sows and their litters. The LOM strain was transmitted from sows with free CSFV antibody to their fetus, but did not appear to induce immune tolerance in the offspring from vaccinated pregnant sows. Side effects were not observed in pregnant sows with antibody to the LOM strain: transmission from sow to their litters and stillbirth or mummified fetuses. The LOM strain may induce sterile immunity and provide rapid, long-lasting, and complete protection against CSFV; however, it should be contraindicated in pregnant sows due to potential adverse effects in pregnant sows with free CSFV antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-In Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Song
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Jaejo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Bang-Hun Hyun
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Ha-Young Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Cho
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea
| | - Gye-Hyeong Woo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Semyung-ro 65, Jecheon, Chungbuk 390-711, South Korea
| | - Jung-Bok Lee
- Konkuk University, 1 Hawayangdong Gwangjingu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Dong-Jun An
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 175 Anayangro Manangu Anyangsi, Gyeonggido 430-824, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Acute and Mild Strains of Classical Swine Fever Virus Subgenotype 3.2. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/1/e01329-15. [PMID: 26823570 PMCID: PMC4732323 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01329-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the complete genome sequences of two classical swine fever virus strains (JJ9811 and YI9908). Both belong to subgenotype 3.2. Strain JJ9811 causes mild symptoms and strain YI9908 causes acute symptoms. The sequences were 95.7% homologous at the nucleotide level and 95.6% homologous at the amino acid level.
Collapse
|
14
|
Jung M, Shin YJ, Kim J, Cha SB, Lee WJ, Shin MK, Shin SW, Yang MS, Jang YS, Kwon TH, Yoo HS. Induction of immune responses in mice and pigs by oral administration of classical swine fever virus E2 protein expressed in rice calli. Arch Virol 2014; 159:3219-30. [PMID: 25091740 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by the CSF virus (CSFV), is a highly contagious disease in pigs. In Korea, vaccination using a live-attenuated strain (LOM strain) has been used to control the disease. However, parenteral vaccination using a live-attenuated strain still faces a number of problems related to storage, cost, injection stress, and differentiation of CSFV infected and vaccinated pigs. Therefore, two kinds of new candidates for oral vaccination have been developed based on the translation of the E2 gene of the SW03 strain, which was isolated from an outbreak of CSF in 2002 in Korea, in transgenic rice calli (TRCs) from Oriza sativa L. cv. Dongjin to express a recombinant E2 protein (rE2-TRCs). The expression of the recombinant E2 protein (rE2) in rE2-TRCs was confirmed using Northern blot, SDS-PAGE, and Western blot analysis. Immune responses to the rE2-TRC in mice and pigs were investigated after oral administration. The administration of rE2-TRCs increased E2-specific antibodies titers and antibody-secreting cells when compared to animals receiving the vector alone (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). In addition, mice receiving rE2-TRCs had a higher level of CD8+ lymphocytes and Th1 cytokine immune responses to purified rE2 (prE2) in vitro than the controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Pigs receiving rE2-TRCs also showed an increase in IL-8, CCL2, and the CD8+ subpopulation in response to stimulation with prE2. These results suggest that oral administration of rE2-TRCs can induce E2-specific immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Infectious diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Complete genome sequences of classical Swine Fever virus strains isolated from wild boars in South Korea. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:e0014713. [PMID: 23599291 PMCID: PMC3630402 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00147-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Classical swine fever is a disease that is devastating the pig industry worldwide. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two classical swine virus strains (YC11WB and PC11WB), isolated from Korean wild boars in 2011. Both strains belong to subgenotype 2.1b. The complete genome sequences of PC11WB and YC11WB are more similar to that of strain ZJ0801 (isolated in China) than to that of the SW03 strain isolated from domestic pigs in South Korea.
Collapse
|