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Flatland B, Dehghanpir SD, Evans SJM, Freeman KP, Grimes C, Hancock T, Hollinger C, Hooijberg E, Korchia J, Lawson C, Matlow JR, Sample S, Viall A. Guidelines for resident training in veterinary clinical pathology. IV: Laboratory quality management-Teaching domains, competencies, and suggested learning outcomes. Vet Clin Pathol 2024; 53 Suppl 1:7-23. [PMID: 36609689 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2019 ASVCP Education Committee Forum for Discussion, presented at the annual ASVCP/ACVP meeting, identified a need to develop recommendations for teaching laboratory quality management principles in veterinary clinical pathology residency training programs. OBJECTIVES To present a competency-based framework for teaching laboratory quality management principles in veterinary clinical pathology residency training programs, including entrustable professional activities (EPAs), domains of competence, individual competencies, and learning outcomes. METHODS A joint subcommittee of the ASVCP Quality Assurance and Laboratory Standards (QALS) and Education Committees executed this project. A draft guideline version was reviewed by the ASVCP membership and shared with selected ACVP committees in early 2022, and a final version was voted upon by the full QALS and Education Committees in late 2022. RESULTS Eleven domains of competence with relevant individual competencies were identified. In addition, suggested learning outcomes and resource lists were developed. Domains and individual competencies were mapped to six EPAs. CONCLUSIONS This guideline presents a framework for teaching principles of laboratory quality management in veterinary clinical pathology residency training programs and was designed to be comprehensive yet practical. Guidance on pedagogical terms and possible routes of implementation are included. Recommendations herein aim to improve and support resident training but may require gradual implementation, as programs phase in necessary expertise and resources. Future directions include the development of learning milestones and assessments and consideration of how recommendations intersect with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists training program accreditation and certifying examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Flatland
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Shannon D Dehghanpir
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, Baton Rouge, USA
| | - Samantha J M Evans
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Ohio, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Carolyn Grimes
- Zoetis Reference Laboratories, Zoetis, Inc., Parsipanny, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tamara Hancock
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Emma Hooijberg
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jeremie Korchia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Colorado, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Cheryl Lawson
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Iowa, Ames, USA
| | | | - Saundra Sample
- Zoetis Reference Laboratories, Zoetis, Inc., Parsipanny, New Jersey, USA
| | - Austin Viall
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, Davis, USA
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Johns JL, Christopher MM. Survey of Institutional Teaching Approaches to Clinical-Year Clinical Pathology Instruction and Comparison with Prior Survey Results. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 48:670-678. [PMID: 33657335 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2020-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Teaching approaches to veterinary clinical pathology in the final (clinical) year of veterinary school are often different than those for other specialties. Anecdotally, many schools teach these rotations separately from the routine diagnostic service, but minimal published data are available on this topic or on approaches to teaching and assessment in these rotations. An online survey of 69 veterinary institutions around the world was conducted in 2019. A total of 30 completed surveys were received from 10 countries; 22 completed responses were from North American institutions (73.3%). Survey question categories included information on basic rotations, including microscopy format, personnel involved in instruction, and assessment methods; information on advanced rotations; and challenges and successes with clinical pathology instruction. Data were analyzed and, when appropriate, compared with results from a similar survey conducted in 1997. Formats and content varied greatly among institutions. Several shifts in teaching strategies and rotation format over time were found since the 1997 survey, including increased use of projection microscopy and decreased use of multiheaded microscopy in 2019. More teaching by medical technologists and residents, less teaching by faculty, and a significant increase in the number of students per rotation were seen in 2019 compared with 1997. Several free-text comments referred to challenges related to increasing class size. These data and the comparison with the prior survey highlight common challenges and potential solutions to final-year clinical pathology instruction. Creation of specific, measurable objectives for clinical pathology competence may aid future development and refinement of clinical pathology teaching.
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Carreira V, Palanisamy G, Quist E, Nelson K, Fossey S, Zimmerman B, Ramaiah L, Schafer KA. Practical Strategies for Navigating Toxicologic Pathology in One's Early Career…and Beyond! Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:1037-1048. [PMID: 30352538 DOI: 10.1177/0192623318805716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The toxicologic pathologist plays a vital role in the scientific community, using their unique blend of diagnostic and investigative skills to advance biomedical research, public health, drug discovery, or regulatory practices. But what exactly do toxicologic pathologists contribute? Where do these specialized professionals work? How can toxicologic pathologists maximize their efficiency and potential? To enlighten students and trainees, as well as early- or mid-career toxicologic pathologists, or even those approaching retirement, the Career Development and Outreach Committee of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) sponsored a career development workshop entitled "Practical Strategies for Navigating Toxicologic Pathology in One's Early Career…and Beyond!" in conjunction with the STP 37th annual symposium. The workshop featured toxicologic pathologists from contract research organizations and the pharmaceutical industry, who provided their perspectives on career preparation, evolving veterinary pathologist roles within various sectors of toxicologic pathology, the fundamentals of safety assessment, logistics of projects involving good laboratory practices, tools for effective interpretation and communication of anatomic and clinical pathology results, and a recap of scientific resources available to support the toxicologic pathologist in his or her journey. This article provides brief summaries of the talks presented during this career development workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erin Quist
- 3 Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Keith Nelson
- 4 MPI Research (A Charles River Laboratories Company), Mattawan, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Lila Ramaiah
- 7 Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Sharkey LC, Simpson RM, Wellman ML, Craig LE, Birkebak TA, Kock ND, Miller MA, Harris RK, Munson L. The value of biomedical research training for veterinary anatomic and clinical pathologists. Vet Pathol 2011; 49:581-5. [PMID: 21971986 DOI: 10.1177/0300985811420583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Veterinary pathologists traditionally have been actively engaged in research as principal investigators and as collaborators. Pathologists frequently obtain advanced training in research; however, it appears that in the last 10 years there has been a reversal of a previous trend toward increasing numbers of pathologists obtaining PhD degrees. This has arisen despite an established shortage of veterinarians engaged in research. This article evaluates the benefits of research training for individual pathologists, including a wide spectrum of professional opportunities and additional skill development beyond that usually provided by diagnostic pathology training alone. Various training models are discussed, including combined and sequential diagnostic residency and research degree training as well as the nondegree research fellowship programs more commonly pursued in human medicine. Best-practice recommendations for program infrastructure, mentorship, time management, and a team approach to research and research training are advocated to facilitate the development of successful programs and to encourage a continued emphasis on integrated training for pathologists as both clinical diagnosticians and experimentalists. This article is intended to help prospective and active pathology trainees, their mentors, and educational administrators optimize opportunities to ensure the future vitality of veterinary pathologists, and their contributions, in basic and applied research.
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Munson L, Craig LE, Miller MA, Kock ND, Simpson RM, Wellman ML, Sharkey LC, Birkebak TA. Elements of Good Training in Anatomic Pathology. Vet Pathol 2010; 47:995-1002. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985810377725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Munson
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | - L. E. Craig
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | | | - N. D. Kock
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | - R. M. Simpson
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | - M. L. Wellman
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | - L. C. Sharkey
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
| | - T. A. Birkebak
- M. R. Ackermann (Iowa State University), T. A. Birkebak (sanofi-aventis), T. W. Blanchard (Armed Forces Institute of Pathology), C. B. Andreasen (Iowa State University), K. P. Carmichael (University of Georgia), J. M. Cline (Wake Forest University), G. L. Cockerell (ACVP/STP Coalition), L. E. Craig (University of Tennessee), D. G. Dunn (Covance), R. K. Harris (University of Georgia), N. D. Kock (Wake Forrest University), K. M. D. La Perle (The Ohio State University), D. E. Malarkey (National Institute of
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