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Liu K, Guo Q, Ding Y, Luo L, Huang J, Zhang Q. Alterations in nasal microbiota of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:162-171. [PMID: 37482646 PMCID: PMC10798702 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Links between alterations in gut microbiota composition and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have previously been reported. This study aimed to examine the microbiota in the nasal cavity of ALS. METHODS Sixty-six ALS patients and 40 healthy caregivers who live in close proximity with patients were enrolled. High throughput metagenomic sequencing of the 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) gene V3-V4 region of nasal microbiota was used to characterize the alpha and beta diversity and relative abundance of bacterial taxa, predict function, and conduct correlation analysis between specific taxa and clinical features. RESULTS The nasal microbiome of ALS patients showed lower alpha diversity than that of corresponding healthy family members. Genera Gaiella , Sphingomonas , Polaribacter _1, Lachnospiraceae _NK4A136_group, Klebsiella , and Alistipes were differentially enriched in ALS patients compared to controls. Nasal microbiota composition in ALS patients significantly differed from that in healthy subjects (unweighted UniFrac P = 0.001), while Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis indicated that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominated healthy nasal communities at the phylum level, whereas Actinobacteria was the predominant phylum and Thermoleophilia was the predominant class in ALS patients. Genus Faecalibacterium and Alistipes were positively correlated with ALS functional rating scale revised (ALSFRS-R; rs = 0.349, P = 0.020 and rs = 0.393, P = 0.008), while Prevotella -9 and Bacteroides operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were positively associated with lung function (FVC) in ALS patients ( rs = 0.304, P = 0.045, and rs = 0.300, P = 0.048, respectively). Prevotella -1 was positively correlated with white blood cell counts (WBC, rs = 0.347, P = 0.021), neutrophil percentage (Neu%, rs = 0.428, P = 0.004), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, rs = 0.411, P = 0.006), but negatively correlated with lymphocyte percentage (Lym%, rs = -0.408, P = 0.006). In contrast, Streptococcus was negatively associated with Neu% ( rs = -0.445, P = 0.003) and NLR ( rs = -0.436, P = 0.003), while positively associated with Lym% ( rs = 0.437, P = 0.003). No significant differences in nasal microbiota richness and evenness were detected among the severe and mild ALS patients. CONCLUSIONS ALS is accompanied by altered nasal microbial community composition and diversity. The findings presented here highlight the need to understand how dysbiosis of nasal microbiota may contribute to the development of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
| | - Qifu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
| | - Jianchai Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
| | - Qijie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350212, China
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Goodkin K, Evering TH, Anderson AM, Ragin A, Monaco CL, Gavegnano C, Avery RJ, Rourke SB, Cysique LA, Brew BJ. The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1130938. [PMID: 37206666 PMCID: PMC10190964 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1130938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and neurocognitive disorder continue to be the major neuropsychiatric disorders affecting persons with HIV (PWH). The prevalence of major depressive disorder is two to fourfold higher among PWH than the general population (∼6.7%). Prevalence estimates of neurocognitive disorder among PWH range from 25 to over 47% - depending upon the definition used (which is currently evolving), the size of the test battery employed, and the demographic and HIV disease characteristics of the participants included, such as age range and sex distribution. Both major depressive disorder and neurocognitive disorder also result in substantial morbidity and premature mortality. However, though anticipated to be relatively common, the comorbidity of these two disorders in PWH has not been formally studied. This is partly due to the clinical overlap of the neurocognitive symptoms of these two disorders. Both also share neurobehavioral aspects - particularly apathy - as well as an increased risk for non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Shared pathophysiological mechanisms potentially explain these intersecting phenotypes, including neuroinflammatory, vascular, and microbiomic, as well as neuroendocrine/neurotransmitter dynamic mechanisms. Treatment of either disorder affects the other with respect to symptom reduction as well as medication toxicity. We present a unified model for the comorbidity based upon deficits in dopaminergic transmission that occur in both major depressive disorder and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Specific treatments for the comorbidity that decrease neuroinflammation and/or restore associated deficits in dopaminergic transmission may be indicated and merit study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Goodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, United States
| | - Teresa H. Evering
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Albert M. Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ann Ragin
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Monaco
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
- Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Chemical Biology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan J. Avery
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sean B. Rourke
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucette A. Cysique
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J. Brew
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sarkar S, Routhray S, Ramadass B, Parida PK. A Review on the Nasal Microbiome and Various Disease Conditions for Newer Approaches to Treatments. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:755-763. [PMID: 37206729 PMCID: PMC10188862 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Commensal bacteria have always played a significant role in the maintenance of health and disease but are being unravelled only recently. Studies suggest that the nasal microbiome has a significant role in the development of various disease conditions. Search engines were used for searching articles having a nasal microbiome and disease correlation. In olfactory dysfunction, dysbiosis of the microbiome may have a significant role to play in the pathogenesis. The nasal microbiome influences the phenotype of CRS and is also capable of modulating the immune response and plays a role in polyp formation. Microbiome dysbiosis has a pivotal role in the development of Allergic Rhinitis; but, yet known how is this role played. The nasal microbiome has a close association with the severity and phenotype of asthma. They contribute significantly to the onset, severity, and development of asthma. The nasal microbiome has a significant impact on the immunity and protection of its host. The nasal microbiome has been a stimulus in the development of Otitis Media and its manifestations. Studies suggest that the resident nasal microbiome is responsible for the initiation of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's Disease.Materials and Methods: Literature search from PubMed, Medline, and Google with the Mesh terms: nasal microbiome AND diseases. Conclusion: With increasing evidence on the role of the nasal microbiome on various diseases, it would be interesting to see how this microbiome can be modulated by pro/pre/post biotics to prevent a disease or the severity of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Sarkar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Samapika Routhray
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Balamurugan Ramadass
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pradipta Kumar Parida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Roterman I, Stapor K, Konieczny L. Secondary Structure in Amyloids in Relation to Their Wild Type Forms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:154. [PMID: 36613597 PMCID: PMC9820225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid structures and their wild type forms, available in the PDB database, provide the basis for comparative analyses. Globular proteins are characterised by a 3D spatial structure, while a chain in any amyloid fibril has a 2D structure. Another difference lies in the structuring of the hydrogen bond network. Amyloid forms theoretically engage all the NH and C=O groups of the peptide bonds in a chain with two hydrogen bonds each. In addition, the hydrogen bond network is highly ordered-as perpendicular to the plane of the chain. The β-structure segments provide the hydrogen bond system with an anti-parallel system. The folds appearing in the rectilinear propagation of the segment with the β-structure are caused by just by one of the residues in the sequence-residues with a Rα-helical or Lα-helical conformation. The antiparallel system of the hydrogen bonds in the β-structure sections at the site of the amino acid with a Rα- or Lα-helical conformation changes into a parallel system locally. This system also ensures that the involvement of the C=O and H-N groups in the construction of the interchain hydrogen bond, while maintaining a perpendicular orientation towards the plane of the chain. Conformational analysis at the level of the Phi and Psi angles indicates the presence of the conditions for the structures observed in the amyloids. The specificity of amyloid structures with the dominant conformation expressed as |Psi| = |Phi| reveals the system of organisation present in amyloid fibrils. The Phi, Psi angles, as present in this particular structure, transformed to form |Psi| = |Phi| appear to be ordered co-linearly. Therefore, the calculation of the correlation coefficient may express the distribution around this idealised localisation on the Ramachandran map. Additionally, when the outstanding points are eliminated, the part of amyloid chain can be classified as fulfilling the defined conditions. In addition, the presentation of the chain structure using geometric parameters, V-angle-the angle between the planes of the adjacent peptide bonds (angle versus the virtual axis Cα-Cα) and the radius of the curvature R, depending on the size of the angle V, allows for a quantitative assessment of changes during amyloid transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University—Medical College, Medyczna 7, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University—Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
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5
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Tran VTA, Lee LP, Cho H. Neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration via microbial infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907804. [PMID: 36052093 PMCID: PMC9425114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies show a noticeable correlation between chronic microbial infections and neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear due to the biological complexity of multicellular and multiorgan interactions upon microbial infections. In this review, we show the infection leading to neurodegeneration mediated by multiorgan interconnections and neuroinflammation. Firstly, we highlight three inter-organ communications as possible routes from infection sites to the brain: nose-brain axis, lung-brain axis, and gut-brain axis. Next, we described the biological crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes upon pathogenic infection. Finally, our study indicates how neuroinflammation is a critical player in pathogen-mediated neurodegeneration. Taken together, we envision that antibiotics targeting neuro-pathogens could be a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Ai Tran
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
| | - Hansang Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
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Nasal Microbiota, Olfactory Health, Neurological Disorders and Aging—A Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071405. [PMID: 35889124 PMCID: PMC9320618 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The nasal region is one of the distinct environments for the survival of various microbiota. The human microbial niche begins to inhabit the human body right from birth, and the microbiota survive as commensals or opportunistic pathogens throughout the life of humans in their bodies in various habitats. These microbial communities help to maintain a healthy microenvironment by preventing the attack of pathogens and being involved in immune regulation. Any dysbiosis of microbiota residing in the mucosal surfaces, such as the nasal passages, guts, and genital regions, causes immune modulation and severe infections. The coexistence of microorganisms in the mucosal layers of respiratory passage, resulting in infections due to their co-abundance and interactions, and the background molecular mechanisms responsible for such interactions, need to be considered for investigation. Additional clinical evaluations can explain the interactions among the nasal microbiota, nasal dysbiosis and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The respiratory airways usually act as a substratum place for the microbes and can act as the base for respiratory tract infections. The microbial metabolites and the microbes can cross the blood–brain barrier and may cause NDs, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). The scientific investigations on the potential role of the nasal microbiota in olfactory functions and the relationship between their dysfunction and neurological diseases are limited. Recently, the consequences of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with neurological diseases are under exploration. The crosstalk between the gut and the nasal microbiota is highly influential, because their mucosal regions are the prominent microbial niche and are connected to the olfaction, immune regulation, and homeostasis of the central nervous system. Diet is one of the major factors, which strongly influences the mucosal membranes of the airways, gut, and lung. Unhealthy diet practices cause dysbiosis in gut microbiota and the mucosal barrier. The current review summarizes the interrelationship between the nasal microbiota dysbiosis, resulting olfactory dysfunctions, and the progression of NDs during aging and the involvement of coronavirus disease 2019 in provoking the NDs.
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Bai Z, Liu J, Mi Y, Zhou D, Chen G, Liang D, Li N, Hou Y. Acutissimalignan B from traditional herbal medicine Daphne kiusiana var. atrocaulis (Rehd.) F. Maekawa inhibits neuroinflammation via NF-κB Signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:153508. [PMID: 33639593 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates the important role of herbal medicine for neuroinflammation, which is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE To clarify the characteristics and primary mechanisms of action of the traditional herbal medicine Daphne kiusiana var. atrocaulis (Rehd.) F. Maekawa in neuroinflammation by phytochemistry and bioassays using both in vitro and in vivo assays. METHODS The chemical composition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis was clarified using multiple chromatography technologies and spectroscopic analysis. The anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the identified components were evaluated in LPS-induced BV-2 cells by monitoring the production of nitric oxide. C57BL/6 mice were used to construct a neuroinflammatory model by injecting LPS into the lateral ventricle of the brain. The most promising component was evaluated in vivo by measuring the number of Iba-1 cells and expression of inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism involved in the activation of the NF-κB pathway was investigated using western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Thirty-two constituents (1-32), including five new compounds, were successfully identified from D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis. Compounds 3, 5, 12-15, and 20 (IC50 values from 5.41 to 57.27 μM) could considerably inhibit the LPS-induced production of NO in BV-2 cells, displaying stronger anti-neuroinflammatory activities than that of minocycline (IC50 = 67.08 μM). The concentration of the most potential compound 13 (IC50 5.41 μM) was 5.4% of the ethyl acetate fraction. Acutissimalignan B (13) could reduce the mRNA expression of iNOs, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, inhibit the phosphorylation of IκBα, and inhibit the nuclear translocation of NK-κB p65 in BV-2 cells induced by LPS. Moreover, in the LPS-induced mouse model, compound 13 was found to exert anti-neuroinflammatory activity by attenuating the activation of microglia in the cortex and hippocampus, repressing the phosphorylation of IκBα, inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NK-κB p65, and decreasing the mRNA expression of iNOs, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the cortex. CONCLUSION We found that D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis had an inhibitory activity on neuroinflammation. In addition, the main active component (-)-acutissimalignan B (13) showed anti-neuroinflammatory effects in both in vivo and in vitro assays. Its mechanism of action may be associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our current findings provide new information on D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis in the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisong Bai
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R.; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R
| | - Yan Mi
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R
| | - Dong Liang
- Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P.R
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R.
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, P.R..
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Rodríguez-Enríquez F, Viña D, Uriarte E, Laguna R, Matos MJ. 7-Amidocoumarins as Multitarget Agents against Neurodegenerative Diseases: Substitution Pattern Modulation. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:179-186. [PMID: 32700464 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the potential of 7-amidocoumarins as multitarget agents against Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, by modulating the substitution patterns within the scaffold. Sixteen compounds were synthesized via 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin acylation, and in vitro evaluation of the molecules against hMAO-A, hMAO-B, hAChE, hBuChE and hBACE1 was performed. Five compounds turned out to be potent and selective hMAO-B inhibitors in the nanomolar range, six displayed inhibitory activity of hMAO-A in the low micromolar range, one showed hAChE inhibitory activity and another one hBACE1 inhibitory activity. MAO-B reversibility profile of 7-(4'-chlorobenzamido)-4-methylcoumarin (10) was investigated, with this compound being a reversible inhibitor. Neurotoxicity on motor cortex neurons and neuroprotection against H2 O2 were also studied, corroborating the safety profile of these molecules. Finally, theoretical ADME properties were also calculated, showing these molecules as good candidates for the optimization of a lead compound. Results suggest that by modulating the substitution pattern at position 7 of the scaffold, selective or multitarget molecules can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodríguez-Enríquez
- Chronic Diseases Pharmacology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- Chronic Diseases Pharmacology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912, Santiago, Chile
| | - Reyes Laguna
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria J Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Kumpitsch C, Koskinen K, Schöpf V, Moissl-Eichinger C. The microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease. BMC Biol 2019; 17:87. [PMID: 31699101 PMCID: PMC6836414 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human upper respiratory tract (URT) offers a variety of niches for microbial colonization. Local microbial communities are shaped by the different characteristics of the specific location within the URT, but also by the interaction with both external and intrinsic factors, such as ageing, diseases, immune responses, olfactory function, and lifestyle habits such as smoking. We summarize here the current knowledge about the URT microbiome in health and disease, discuss methodological issues, and consider the potential of the nasal microbiome to be used for medical diagnostics and as a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kumpitsch
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kaisa Koskinen
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Veronika Schöpf
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Present address: Medical University Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Moissl-Eichinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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10
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Yang F, Wei JD, Lu YF, Sun YL, Wang Q, Zhang RL. Galacto-oligosaccharides modulate gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in rats with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Mulat M, Pandita A, Khan F. Medicinal Plant Compounds for Combating the Multi-drug Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:183-196. [PMID: 30854956 DOI: 10.2174/1872210513666190308133429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, people utilize plants as the main source of remedy to heal various ailments. Medicinal plants have been utilized to treat ailments since the invention of modern scientific systems of medicine. The common remedy of infectious diseases mainly depends on the inhibition capacity of compounds or killing potential. The issue may give a clue for the development of a novel antimicrobial agent. METHODS Currently, microorganisms which are resistant towards antibiotics are probably a matter of serious concern for the overall well-being of health. At the moment, new therapeutic targets aside from the microorganism wall-based activities are in progress. For instance, the autoinducer molecules produced by the quorum sensing system are used to control antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. RESULTS This therapeutic target is well-studied worldwide, however, the scientific data are not updated and only current studies started to gain insight into its perspective as a target to struggle against infectious diseases. Microbial resistance against antimicrobial compounds is a topic of serious concern in recent time. CONCLUSION Hence, this paper aims to confer a current overview of the novel compounds, quorum sensing, quorum quenching, biofilm formation in the development of antibiotic resistance and an update on their importance as a potential target for natural substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulugeta Mulat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida-201306, U.P, India.,Division of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Archana Pandita
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida-201306, U.P, India
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida-201306, U.P, India.,Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
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12
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Iannone LF, Preda A, Blottière HM, Clarke G, Albani D, Belcastro V, Carotenuto M, Cattaneo A, Citraro R, Ferraris C, Ronchi F, Luongo G, Santocchi E, Guiducci L, Baldelli P, Iannetti P, Pedersen S, Petretto A, Provasi S, Selmer K, Spalice A, Tagliabue A, Verrotti A, Segata N, Zimmermann J, Minetti C, Mainardi P, Giordano C, Sisodiya S, Zara F, Russo E, Striano P. Microbiota-gut brain axis involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:1037-1050. [PMID: 31260640 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1638763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The microbiota-gut brain (MGB) axis is the bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and the brain. An increasing body of preclinical and clinical evidence has revealed that the gut microbial ecosystem can affect neuropsychiatric health. However, there is still a need of further studies to elucidate the complex gene-environment interactions and the role of the MGB axis in neuropsychiatric diseases, with the aim of identifying biomarkers and new therapeutic targets, to allow early diagnosis and improving treatments. Areas covered: To review the role of MGB axis in neuropsychiatric disorders, prediction and prevention of disease through exploitation, integration, and combination of data from existing gut microbiome/microbiota projects and appropriate other International '-Omics' studies. The authors also evaluated the new technological advances to investigate and modulate, through nutritional and other interventions, the gut microbiota. Expert opinion: The clinical studies have documented an association between alterations in gut microbiota composition and/or function, whereas the preclinical studies support a role for the gut microbiota in impacting behaviors which are of relevance to psychiatry and other central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Targeting MGB axis could be an additional approach for treating CNS disorders and all conditions in which alterations of the gut microbiota are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Francesco Iannone
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Alberto Preda
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute , Genova , Italy
| | - Hervé M Blottière
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, JouyenJosas&MetaGenoPolis, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouyen Josas , France
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Marco Carotenuto
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' , Napoli , Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.,Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry , King's College , London
| | - Rita Citraro
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferraris
- Human Nutrition and Eating Disorder Research Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Francesca Ronchi
- Department forBiomedical Research, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Gaia Luongo
- Ordine dei Tecnologi Alimentari Campania e Lazio , Napoli , Italy
| | | | - Letizia Guiducci
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology , Pisa , Italy
| | - Pietro Baldelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Paola Iannetti
- Department of Pediatrics`, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Sigrid Pedersen
- Department of Refractory Epilepsy, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry - Core Facilities, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova , Italy
| | - Stefania Provasi
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy
| | - Kaja Selmer
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Osla, Norway and Department of Refractory Epilepsy, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital , Osla , Norway
| | - Alberto Spalice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Anna Tagliabue
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry , King's College , London
| | - Alberto Verrotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento , Trento , Italy
| | - Jakob Zimmermann
- Human Nutrition and Eating Disorder Research Center, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute , Genova , Italy
| | | | - Carmen Giordano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano , Milano , Italy
| | - Sanjay Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology , Queen Square, London , UK
| | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova , Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Paediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute , Genova , Italy
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13
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Hillemacher T, Bachmann O, Kahl KG, Frieling H. Alcohol, microbiome, and their effect on psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 85:105-115. [PMID: 29705711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that alcohol consumption and especially alcohol withdrawal increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling molecules and cause neuroinflammation. It has been shown that microbiota play a pivotal role in this process and affect central neurochemistry and behavior. Disruption of or alterations in the intimate cross-talk between microbiome and brain may be a significant factor in many psychiatric disorders. Alterations in the composition of the microbiome, so called dysbiosis, may result in detrimental distortion of microbe-host homeostasis modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. A variety of pathologies are associated with changes in the community structure and function of the gut microbiota, suggesting a link between dysbiosis and disease etiology, including irritable bowel syndrome depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and alcoholism. Despite a paucity of clinical studies in alcohol-dependent humans, emerging data suggests that alcohol induced alterations of the microbiome may explain reward-seeking behaviors as well as anxiety, depression, and craving in withdrawal and increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany
| | - Oliver Bachmann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai G Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany.
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