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Staubach-Renz P, Schulz S, Weyer-Elberich V, Peveling-Oberhag A, Zimmer S, Wegner J, Sohn A, Mann C, Lang BM. [Midwives as influencers in skin care for newborns at risk of atopic diseases : Survey of midwives' current recommendations]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 75:548-553. [PMID: 38639765 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-024-05334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of atopic diseases remains high. Initial studies suggest that primary prevention with regular basic care may influence the incidence of atopic dermatitis in infants; however, data are unclear. Midwives play an important role in the care of women in the peripartum period and therefore also in providing advice on topics such as skin care, breastfeeding and nutrition of the newborn and young infant. The aim of this study was to determine the care recommendations for newborns by midwives. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among German midwives using questionnaires on the topic of newborn skin care. RESULTS A total of 128 questionnaires were analyzed. The most common recommendations were oil-based herbal topicals (34.9%) and plain water (34.0%). Approximately 70% of midwives reported recommending various options when there was a known family history of atopic diathesis. It was remarkable that most of the midwives' recommendations were identical regardless of the presence of an atopic diathesis. Essential care products are only used "when necessary". CONCLUSION Training programs for midwives on the topic of "care and strengthening of the skin barrier", taking into account the current guidelines for allergy prevention, should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Staubach-Renz
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
| | - Sara Schulz
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Veronika Weyer-Elberich
- Institut für Biostatistik und klinische Forschung, Universität Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | | | - Sebastian Zimmer
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Joanna Wegner
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Anna Sohn
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Caroline Mann
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Berenice M Lang
- Hautklinik Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
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Amin R, Völzer B, El Genedy-Kalyoncu M, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Skin care types, frequencies and products: A cross-sectional study in German institutional long-term care. J Tissue Viability 2024:S0965-206X(24)00010-X. [PMID: 38360494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to describe types and frequencies of skin care interventions and products provided in institutional long-term care. MATERIALS AND METHODS Baseline data from a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in nursing homes in Berlin, Germany was collected before randomization. Numbers, proportions and frequencies of washing, showering and bathing, and the application of leave-on products were calculated. Product labels were iteratively and inductively categorized into overarching terms and concepts. RESULTS A total of n = 314 residents participated in the study. In the majority, washing of the whole body was done once daily, and showering was performed once per week or more rarely. The majority received leave-on products daily on the face and once per week on the whole body. Most of the skin care interventions were delivered by nurses. There was marked heterogeneity in terms of product names, whereas the product names reveal little about the ingredients or composition. CONCLUSION Personal hygiene and cleansing interventions are major parts of clinical practice in long-term care. Daily washing is a standard practice at the moment. In contrast, leave-on products are used infrequently. To what extent the provided care promotes skin integrity is unclear. Due to the heterogeneity and partly misleading labels of skin care products, informed decision making is difficult to implement at present. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03824886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhul Amin
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bettina Völzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monira El Genedy-Kalyoncu
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Kottner J. Nurses as skin care experts: Do we have the evidence to support practice? Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 145:104534. [PMID: 37348391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kottner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Rosendal KA, Lehn S, Overgaard D. Body care of older people in different institutionalized settings: A systematic mapping review of international nursing research from a Scandinavian perspective. Nurs Inq 2023; 30:e12503. [PMID: 35666581 PMCID: PMC10078501 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Body care is considered a key aspect of nursing and imperative for the health, wellbeing, and dignity of older people. In Scandinavian countries, body care as a professional practice has undergone considerable changes, bringing new understandings, values, and dilemmas into nursing. A systematic mapping review was conducted with the aims of identifying and mapping international nursing research on body care of older people in different institutionalized settings in the healthcare system and to critically discuss the dominant assumptions within the research by adapting a problematization approach. Most identified papers reported on empirical research with a biomedical approach focusing on outcome and effectiveness. Conceptual papers, papers with a focus on the perspectives of the older people, or contextual and material aspects were lacking. The research field is dominated by four dominant assumptions: Body care as an evidence-based practice, body care as a relational ethical practice, the body as a body-object and a body-subject, the objects in the body care practices as nonrelational materialities. Given the complexities of professional body care practices, there is a need for other research designs and theoretical perspectives within nursing that expand our understanding of body care taking into consideration the multiple social and material realities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine A Rosendal
- Department of People and Technology, Research Centre in Health Promotion, University of Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sine Lehn
- Department of People and Technology, Research Centre in Health Promotion, University of Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Overgaard
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Heague M, Dyson J, Cowdell F. Barriers and facilitators to delivering everyday personal hygiene care in residential settings: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 35765172 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, the population is ageing, and more people live in residential care. Best practice in personal hygiene care may reduce distressing and debilitating skin and oral problems and improve resident outcomes. Although there is guidance on personal hygiene care, implementation may be a challenge. AIM To identify barriers and facilitators to delivering personal hygiene care for older persons in residential care settings. METHODS Systematic review reported according to PRISMA 2020 guidance. Databases MEDLINE, CIHAHL and PsychINFO were systematically searched using terms and synonyms 'barriers', 'facilitators', 'hygiene', 'older adults' and 'residential care'. Only empirical studies, reporting everyday skin and oral care, in English, peer reviewed and published from 2000 to 2021 were included. Due to methodological heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. RESULTS Sixteen papers yielded nine categories of barrier or facilitator. Five related to skin and oral care: (i) knowledge, (ii) skills relating to hygiene care, (iii) skills relating to supporting 'uncooperative' behaviours, (iv) lack of resources and (v) time, workload and staffing levels. The remainder related only to oral care: (vi) resident, family or carer motivation, (vii) dislike of hygiene care, (viii) carer attitudes and beliefs and (ix) social influences and communication. Six papers reported interventions to optimise care. CONCLUSION This review highlights the persistent dearth of research into everyday personal hygiene practices, in particular skin hygiene in residential care. Existing literature identifies a range of barriers; however, there is a mismatch between these and reported interventions to improve practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Advances in implementation science to support optimal care have yet to be applied to interventions to support hygiene practices in care homes and it is imperative this is addressed. Future interventions should involve: (i) systematically and theoretically assessing barriers, (ii) application of tailored behaviour change techniques (iii) using these co-design pragmatic, locally acceptable strategies.
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Ho CY, Dreesen O. Faces of cellular senescence in skin aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111525. [PMID: 34166688 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The skin is comprised of different cell types with different proliferative capacities. Skin aging occurs with chronological age and upon exposure to extrinsic factors such as photodamage. During aging, senescent cells accumulate in different compartments of the human skin, leading to impaired skin physiology. Diverse skin cell types may respond differently to senescence-inducing stimuli and it is not clear how this results in aging-associated skin phenotypes and pathologies. This review aims to examine and provide an overview of current evidence of cellular senescence in the skin. We will focus on cellular characteristics and behaviour of different skin cell types undergoing senescence in the epidermis and dermis, with a particular focus on the complex interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy and DNA damage pathways. We will also examine how the dermis and epidermis cope with the accumulation of DNA damage during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Yee Ho
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore
| | - Oliver Dreesen
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore.
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Kottner J, Everink I, van Haastregt J, Blume-Peytavi U, Schols J. Prevalence of intertrigo and associated factors: A secondary data analysis of four annual multicentre prevalence studies in the Netherlands. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 104:103437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Maintaining skin integrity in the aged: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 103:103509. [PMID: 31945604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In aged nursing care receivers, the prevalence of adverse skin conditions such as xerosis cutis, intertrigo, pressure ulcers or skin tears is high. Adequate skin care strategies are an effective method for maintaining and enhancing skin health and integrity in this population. OBJECTIVES The objective was to summarize the empirical evidence about the effects and effectiveness of non-drug topical skin care interventions to promote and to maintain skin integrity and skin barrier function in the aged, to identify outcome domains and outcome measurement instruments in this field. DESIGN An update of a previous systematic review published in 2013 was conducted. DATA SOURCES Databases MEDLINE and EMBASE via OvidSP and CINAHL (original search January 1990 to August 2012, update September 2012 to May 2018) and reference lists were searched. Forward searches in Web of Science were conducted. METHODS A review protocol was registered in Prospero (CRD42018100792). Main inclusion criteria were primary intervention studies reporting treatment effects of basic skin care strategies in aged people with a lower limit of age range of 50 years and published between 1990 and 2018. Primary empirical studies were included with experimental study designs including randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs. Methodological quality of included randomized controlled trials was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's Tool for assessing risk of bias. Levels of evidence were assigned to all included studies. RESULTS Sixty-three articles were included in the final analysis reporting effects of interventions to treat and/or to prevent skin dryness, pruritus, general skin barrier improvement, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears and pressure ulcers. Skin cleansers containing syndets or amphotheric surfactants compared with standard soap and water improved skin dryness. Lipophilic leave-on products containing humectants decreased skin dryness and reduced pruritus. Products with pH 4 improved the skin barrier. Application of skin protectants and structured skin care protocols decreased the severity of incontinence-associated dermatitis. Formulations containing glycerin and petrolatum reduced the incidence of skin tears. Thirty-five outcome domains were identified with nearly 100 different outcome measurement instruments. CONCLUSION Included studies showed substantial heterogeneity regarding design, interventions and outcomes. Basic skin care strategies including low-irritating cleansers and lipophilic humectant-containing leave-on products are helpful for treating dry skin and improving skin barrier in the aged. Lower pH of leave-on products improves the skin barrier. The number of different outcome domains was unexpectedly high. We recommend to identify critical outcome domains in the field of skin care to make trial results more comparable in the future and to measure possible performance differences between different skin care strategies and products.
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Hahnel E, Blume‐Peytavi U, Kottner J. Associations of dry skin, skin care habits, well-being, sleep quality and itch in nursing home residents: Results of a multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2019; 6:1501-1509. [PMID: 31660178 PMCID: PMC6805713 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Dry skin is one of the most frequent cutaneous problems in aged long-term care residents. Although it is clinically relevant, the impact on quality of life is unclear. The objective was to measure well-being, sleep quality and itch in nursing home residents being 65 years and older and to explore possible associations with demographics, dry skin and skincare habits. DESIGN Multicentre, observational, cross-sectional. METHODS Sleep quality was assessed with the Richards-Campbell Sleep Quality Questionnaire, well-being with the WHO-Five Well-being Index and itch with the 5-D Itch scale. Skin dryness was measured using the Overall Dry Skin score. RESULTS A total of 51 residents were included. The item scores of the sleep quality and itch questionnaires were strongly associated with each other. Demographics, dry skin and skincare habits were not associated with the questionnaires. It is unclear whether basic skincare activities can improve the quality of life in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hahnel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité‐Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Ulrike Blume‐Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité‐Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité‐Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and MidwiferyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
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Kottner J, Hahnel E, El Genedy M, Neumann K, Balzer K. Enhancing SKIN health and safety in aged CARE (SKINCARE Trial): a study protocol for an exploratory cluster-randomized pragmatic trial. Trials 2019; 20:302. [PMID: 31142364 PMCID: PMC6542085 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aged long-term care receivers are affected by various adverse skin conditions like pressure ulcers, incontinence-associated dermatitis, dryness, intertrigo, and many more. Prevention of these skin problems and the provision of general hygiene and skin care activities are key areas of nursing practice. Numerous condition-specific guidelines are available and are implemented separately. On the other hand, there is huge overlap in terms of etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention of the skin conditions mentioned above. This leads to fragmented practice neglecting shared etiologies and prevention and treatment principles. Methods The overall aims of this trial are to test the feasibility and to estimate possible effects of the implementation of a comprehensive skin care and prevention strategy targeting main nursing-relevant skin problems at the same time. A two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial will be performed in 20 nursing homes randomly selected from the population of nursing homes of the state of Berlin, comparing skin care according to the skin care and prevention strategy with standard skin care. Discussion It is expected that the implementation of this evidence-based skin care and prevention strategy will reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers, incontinence dermatitis, and other skin problems frequently related to care dependency. This trial will benefit individual patients and aged nursing home residents in general given the high prevalence and incidence of the addressed skin conditions. Findings of this exploratory trial may lay the foundation for a change in the development and evaluation of clinical standards and practices in general as it moves the perspective from individual conditions to a more comprehensive view on overlapping or coexisting health problems, in this case common skin conditions, in old-age long-term care receivers. Trial registration The study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00015680 (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien, or DRKS; registration number: DRKS00015680, date of registration: January 29, 2019) and ClincialTrials.gov (registration number: NCT03824886, date of registration: January 31, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University Hospital, 5K3, C. Heymanslaan, Ghent, 10 9000, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Hahnel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Monira El Genedy
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Department of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Katrin Balzer
- Sektion für Forschung und Lehre in der Pflege, Universität zu Lübeck, Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
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Gabriel S, Hahnel E, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Prevalence and associated factors of intertrigo in aged nursing home residents: a multi-center cross-sectional prevalence study. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:105. [PMID: 30987588 PMCID: PMC6466768 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In geriatric and long-term care settings, intertrigo seems to be common, but generalizable epidemiological estimates are lacking. Aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of intertrigo in aged nursing home residents and to identify possible relationships with demographic and health characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted between September 2014 and May 2015 in a random sample of ten institutional long-term care facilities in Berlin, Germany. In total 223, aged long-term care residents were included. Mean age was 83.6 (SD 8.0) years and mean Barthel score was 45.1 (SD 23.8). Board certified dermatologists and study assistants performed skin assessments and measurements according to standard operating procedures. Mean differences and odds ratios between residents with and without intertrigo were calculated. Results The prevalence of intertrigo was 16.1% (95% CI 11.6 to 21.2%). The submammary fold was most often affected (9.9%), followed by the inguinal region (9.4%), axilla (0.5%) and abdominal region (0.5%). Increased age was statistically significantly associated with the presence of intertrigo (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.10). Care dependency in bathing activities was associated with intertrigo. Obesity, sex and skin functional parameters were not associated with intertrigo. Conclusions Every sixth nursing home resident was affected by intertrigo indicating the high load of this skin condition in this population. Older age seems to be associated with intertrigo. Care dependency in bathing activities was likely to be associated with intertrigo. Structured skin care regimens are needed to prevent and treat intertrigo in this population. Trial registration This study is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02216526. Registration date: 8th November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gabriel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Hahnel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Cowdell F. Role of nurses in promoting the skin health of older people in the community. Nurs Stand 2019; 35:61-66. [PMID: 31468854 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2019.e11394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Why you should read this article: The skin is the largest organ of the body and provides protection for the vital organs, as well as having a significant role in processes such as temperature regulation. However, the ageing process involves degenerative changes such as reduced cell replacement and less efficient barrier function. These changes have physical and psychosocial consequences for older people such as increased susceptibility to skin damage and lowered self-esteem. This article details the age-associated changes that affect the skin, explores the self-reported skin concerns of older people living in the community, and examines the role of primary care nurses in promoting older people's skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Cowdell
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, England
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Lechner A, Lahmann N, Lichterfeld‐Kottner A, Müller‐Werdan U, Blume‐Peytavi U, Kottner J. Dry skin and the use of leave-on products in nursing care: A prevalence study in nursing homes and hospitals. Nurs Open 2019; 6:189-196. [PMID: 30534408 PMCID: PMC6279727 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To describe the prevalence of dry skin in nursing homes and hospitals and to describe relationships between topical skincare interventions and dry skin. DESIGN Two multicentre descriptive cross-sectional prevalence studies. METHODS The studies were performed in German nursing homes and hospitals in 2015 and 2016. Data were collected by trained nurses based on a standardized data collection form. The severity of dry skin was measured using the Overall Dry Skin Score. RESULTS In total, 1,662 nursing home residents and 1,486 hospital patients participated. The prevalence of dry skin was 41.2% in nursing homes and 55.2% in hospitals. In case of skincare dependency, the proportions of participants with dry skin were higher, particularly in hospitals (70.2%). In both institutions, the application of leave-on products increased when dry skin was present but remained lower in hospitals. Considering the high amount of skin dryness in skincare-dependent participants, interventions seem not to be successful. Results indicate a need for skincare improvement in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lechner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Nils Lahmann
- Department of Geriatrics, Nursing Research Group in GeriatricsCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Andrea Lichterfeld‐Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Ursula Müller‐Werdan
- Department of Geriatrics, Nursing Research Group in GeriatricsCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Ulrike Blume‐Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin ScienceCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
- University Centre for Nursing and MidwiferyGent UniversityGentBelgium
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Van den Bussche K, Verhaeghe S, Van Hecke A, Beeckman D. Minimum Data Set for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (MDS-IAD) in adults: Design and pilot study in nursing home residents. J Tissue Viability 2018; 27:191-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lichterfeld-Kottner A, Lahmann N, Blume-Peytavi U, Mueller-Werdan U, Kottner J. Dry skin in home care: A representative prevalence study. J Tissue Viability 2018; 27:226-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Aoki M, Ogai K, Kobayashi M, Minematsu T, Nakatani T, Okuwa M, Sanada H, Sugama J. Comparison of ceramide retention in the stratum corneum between dry skin and normal skin using animal model with fluorescent imaging method. Skin Res Technol 2018; 25:158-164. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miku Aoki
- Department of Clinical Nursing Division of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogai
- Wellness Promotion Science Center Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
| | - Masato Kobayashi
- Wellness Promotion Science Center Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
| | - Takeo Minematsu
- Department of Skincare Science Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Global Nursing Research Center Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshio Nakatani
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
| | - Mayumi Okuwa
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- Global Nursing Research Center Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Junko Sugama
- Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit Innovative Integrated Bio‐Research Core Institute for Frontier Science Initiative Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan
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Dumitrescu I, Vliegher KD, Cordyn S, Maigre A, Peters E, Putzeys D. Perspectives on the delegation of hygienic care in the context of home nursing: a qualitative study. Br J Community Nurs 2018; 23:240-247. [PMID: 29708795 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2018.23.5.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of current trends and healthcare evolutions, delegation of patient care from home nurses to health care assistants (HCAs) is increasingly important. Hygienic care is an essential component of nursing education and practice, yet it has rarely been the subject of scientific literature. AIM To understand the opinions and experiences of home nurses and policy makers with regard to the meaning of hygienic care and the delegation of these acts in the context of home nursing. METHODS A descriptive qualitative study (six focus groups with home nurses and two with policy makers from the Belgian home nursing sector). Content analysis of the data and the use of NVivo 11.0 software. FINDINGS Hygienic care is a cyclical care process of continuously investing in a trusting relationship with a patient, assessing their care needs and ability for self-care and taking action and evaluating care as situations change. All of this must be mutally agreed with the patient and should consider their environment and lifestyle. The decision to delegate hygienic care is based on patient assessments and the patient's specific care needs using nursing diagnoses and indicators. Finally, barriers and facilitating factors for both delegating and providing hygienic care were addressed. CONCLUSION Hygienic care is a crucial component of nursing care, that can be delegated to HCAs with the necessary supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Dumitrescu
- Nursing Department, Wit-Gele Kruis van Vlaanderen, Brussels, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
| | - Kristel De Vliegher
- Nursing Department, Wit-Gele Kruis van Vlaanderen, Brussels, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
| | - Sam Cordyn
- Nursing Department, Wit-Gele Kruis van Vlaanderen, Brussels, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
| | - Audrey Maigre
- Nursing Department, Fédération de l'Aide et des Soins à Domicile, Bruxelles, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
| | - Edgard Peters
- Nursing Department, Fédération de l'Aide et des Soins à Domicile, Bruxelles, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
| | - Dominique Putzeys
- Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé, part of the Independent research group 'Collaboration Internationale des Praticiens et Intervenants en Qualité (dans le domaine de la) Santé
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18
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Brimelow RE, Wollin JA. The impact of care practices and health demographics on the prevalence of skin tears and pressure injuries in aged care. J Clin Nurs 2018; 27:1519-1528. [PMID: 29396882 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To determine whether differences in care practices and demographics between two long-term aged care facilities affected the incidence of residents' skin wounds. METHODS A retrospective analysis of care plans and clinical outcomes was conducted for a 6-month period in 2016 at two aged care facilities, N = 39 Home 1 and N = 45 Home 2. Skin tears, pressure injuries and usual care practices and associated health demographics were recorded. RESULTS Over the 6-month period, 84 residents were found to have a total of 206 aged care acquired skin wounds (skin tears, pressure injuries, haematomas, rashes, infections). The frequency of skin tears or total wounds did not differ between the homes. Several factors were identified that influenced the skin wounds. A reduction in skin tears was associated with the use of heel protectors and antiembolic stockings, whilst a diagnosis of vascular dementia was associated with increased prevalence of skin wounds. Pressure injuries were significantly higher at Home 2. Increased use of strategies to moderate-risk activities, such as tray tables and bed rails, and impaired cognitive function were associated with higher pressure injury prevalence. CONCLUSION A number of care factors and health demographics influenced the rate of skin wounds. A holistic approach to skin management is needed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Practices, such as repositioning and skin hygiene, are well known to reduce the incidence of pressure injuries and skin tears; however, there are other care practices that take place in homes as part of usual care that also impact skin wounds that have been largely ignored. This study highlights those care practices, as well as resident characteristics and comorbidities that may increase the risk of skin wounds, requiring further monitoring/mitigating strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Brimelow
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Wesley Mission Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Judy A Wollin
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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19
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Rommel A, Kottner J, Suhr R, Lahmann N. [Frequency of falls among clients of home care services : The importance of care-related and social risk factors]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 52:3-9. [PMID: 28332012 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-017-1215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the elderly falls frequently result in injuries, increase the need for long-term care and pose a challenge for the quality assurance in nursing care. We describe the frequency and risk factors of falls among care-dependent persons using home care services in Germany. METHODS The participants of the study "Nursing-related health problems in home care" (n = 880) were recruited based on a list of the officially accredited nursing services. Data collection followed a standardized study protocol. Proportions were calculated and adjusted odds ratios and predicted probabilities were estimated using binary logistic regression. RESULTS Falls are a frequent occurrence among care-dependent persons who are cared for by home care services: Almost every tenth care-dependent person suffers from a fall within a period of 2 weeks. Falls are mainly associated with social and care-related factors. Besides a low educational status this comprises certain living and care arrangements: People living alone or having infrequent contact to their nursing service as well as clients that, according to their carers, should receive more support have a significantly higher chance of falling. Multimorbidity is a medical risk factor while neurological diseases as well as polypharmacy present increased risks only in interaction with living and care arrangements. CONCLUSION Nursing staff and physicians should maintain an overview of the social and health conditions of people in need of long-term care. If care-dependent persons live alone or are infrequently cared for, additional medical problems considerably increase the risk for falling; therefore, preventive interventions and follow-up assessments of actual need levels should be promptly considered if health conditions or living arrangements change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rommel
- Abteilung 2: Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert-Koch-Institut, Postfach 65 02 61, 13302, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - J Kottner
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - R Suhr
- Stiftung ZQP, Zentrum für Qualität in der Pflege, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - N Lahmann
- Forschungsgruppe Geriatrie, AG Pflegeforschung, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
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Surber C, Kottner J. Skin care products: What do they promise, what do they deliver. J Tissue Viability 2017; 26:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J, Sterry W, Hodin MW, Griffiths TW, Watson REB, Hay RJ, Griffiths CEM. Age-Associated Skin Conditions and Diseases: Current Perspectives and Future Options. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2017; 56 Suppl 2:S230-42. [PMID: 26994263 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The International League of Dermatological Societies (ILDS), a global, not-for-profit organization representing 157 dermatological societies worldwide, has identified the consequences of skin aging as one of the most important grand challenges in global skin health. Reduced functional capacity and increased susceptibility of the skin with development of dermatoses such as dry skin, itching, ulcers, dyspigmentation, wrinkles, fungal infections, as well as benign and malignant tumors are the most common skin conditions in aged populations worldwide. Environmental (e.g., pollution) and lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, sunbed use) negatively affect skin health. In turn altered appearance, dry skin, chronic wounds, and other conditions decrease general health and reduce the likelihood for healthy and active aging. Preventive skin care includes primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions. Continuous sun protection from early childhood onward is most important, to avoid extrinsic skin damage and skin cancer. Exposure to irritants, allergens, or other molecules damaging the skin must be avoided or reduced to a minimum. Public health approaches are needed to implement preventive and basic skin care worldwide to reach high numbers of dermatological patients and care receivers. Education of primary caregivers and implementation of community dermatology are successful strategies in resource-poor countries. Besides specialist physicians, nurses and other health care professionals play important roles in preventing and managing age-related skin conditions in developing as well as in developed countries. Healthy skin across the life course leads to better mental and emotional health, positive impact on social engagement, and healthier, more active, and productive lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jan Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sterry
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, UK
| | | | - Tamara W Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK
| | | | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, UK. The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, UK
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Rahn Y, Lahmann N, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Assessment of Topical Skin Care Practices in Long-Term Institutional Nursing Care from a Health Service Perspective. J Gerontol Nurs 2016; 42:18-24. [DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20160308-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Skin care in nursing: A critical discussion of nursing practice and research. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 61:20-8. [PMID: 27267180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin (self-)care is part of human life from birth until death. Today many different skin care practices, preferences, traditions and routines exist in parallel. In addition, preventive and therapeutic skin care is delivered in nursing and healthcare by formal and informal caregivers. The aim of this contribution is a critical discussion about skin care in the context of professional nursing practice. An explicit skin assessment using accurate diagnostic statements is needed for clinical decision making. Special attention should be paid on high risk skin areas, which may be either too dry or too moist. From a safety perspective the protection and maintenance of skin integrity should have the highest priority. Skin cleansing is the removal of unwanted substances from the skin surface. Despite cleansing efficacy soap, other surfactants and water will inevitably always result in the destruction of the skin barrier. Thousands of products are available to hydrate, moisturize, protect and restore skin properties dependent upon their formulation and the concentration of ingredients. These products intended to left in contact with skin exhibit several actions on and in the skin interfering with skin biology. Unwanted side effects include hyper-hydration and disorganization of lipid bilayers in the stratum corneum, a dysfunctional barrier, increased susceptibility to irritants and allergies, and increases of skin surface pH. Where the skin barrier is impaired appropriate interventions, e.g. apply lipophilic products in sufficient quantity to treat dry skin or protect the skin from exposure to irritants should be provided. A key statement of this contribution is: every skin care activity matters. Every time something is placed on the skin, a functional and structural response is provoked. This response can be either desired or undesired, beneficial or harmful. The choice of all skin care interventions in nursing and healthcare practice must be based on an accurate assessment of the skin and concomitant health conditions and on a clearly defined outcome. A standardized skin care and skin care product language is needed for researchers planning and conducting clinical trials, for reviewers doing systematic reviews and evidence-base summaries, for nurses and other healthcare workers to deliver evidence-based and safe skin care.
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Lichterfeld A, Lahmann N, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Dry skin in nursing care receivers: A multi-centre cross-sectional prevalence study in hospitals and nursing homes. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 56:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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26
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Cowdell F. Commentary on Kottner et al. (2015) The epidemiology of skin care provided by nurses at home: a multicentre prevalence study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 71(3), 570-580. doi: 10.1111/jan.12517. J Adv Nurs 2015; 71:710-1. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Cowdell
- Faculty of Health and Social Care; University of Hull; UK
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