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Chen Y, Zhou X, Bai X, Liu B, Chen F, Chang L, Liu H. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of social support on turnover intention in clinical nurses. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1393024. [PMID: 38903567 PMCID: PMC11187297 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1393024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nurse turnover has become a salient issue in healthcare system worldwide and seriously compromises patient outcomes. Social support is considered an effective contributor to alleviate nurse turnover intention (TI). However, the degree of correlation between social support and nurse TI remains elusive. Aims This study aims to evaluate the strength of the effectiveness of social support on TI among nurses as well as its potential moderators. Design This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Methods To obtained qualified studies, two researchers searched Embase, PubMed, Web of science, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang, and Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database from inception to January 6, 2024. Meta-analysis, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were carried out on the included studies using CMA 3.0 software, and the moderating effect was verified through meta-analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results A total of 38 studies were obtained, involving 63,989 clinical nurses. The comprehensive effect size of the random effect model showed a significant medium negative correlation between social support and TI among nurses (p < 0.001). The sample size and TI measurement tools significantly moderated the correlation between social support and TI (p < 0.050). However, nurse department, gender, data collection time, and social support measurement tools did not moderate the correlation between the two variables. Conclusion Social support is negatively associated with TI in nurses. Nursing administrators and the medical community should fully recognize the importance of social support for nurses and take corresponding measures to enhance it, thereby reducing TI and ensuring the stability of the nursing team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengzhi Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lixia Chang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Lu J, Dou X, Yi Y, Yu Y, Zhou L. Prevalence and Determinants of Anxiety and Depression Among Healthcare Workers in Liaoning Province, China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:983-993. [PMID: 38680481 PMCID: PMC11055524 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s460118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the anxiety and depression and their predictors among healthcare workers in Liaoning Province, China. Methods In order to explore the influencing factors and prevalence of anxiety and depression among healthcare workers, a cross-sectional research design was used to survey 500 healthcare workers using the 14-item Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS). Results About 47.12% of the healthcare workers suffered from anxiety and 71.63% suffered from depression. In our study, we found that the health status (OR: 0.540, 95% CI: 0.298-0.976), self-esteem (OR: 0.395, 95% CI: 0.251-0.619), PSS (OR: 0.621, 95% CI: 0.388-0.994), organizational support (OR: 0.533, 95% CI. 0.333-0.854) were protective factors for healthcare workers suffering from anxiety, and resistance to COVID-19 (OR: 1.703, 95% CI: 1.082-2.681) was a risk factor for healthcare workers suffering from anxiety, while good quality of life (OR: 0.385, 95% CI: 0.206-0.719) self-esteem (OR: 0.187, 95% CI: 0.110-0.317), and PSS (OR: 0.475, 95% CI: 0.267-0.847) were protective factors for healthcare workers suffering from depression, and at the age of 35-40 years (OR: 2.475, 95% CI: 1.140-5.369) and resistance to COVID-19 (OR: 2.219, 95% CI: 1.313-3.751) were risk factors for healthcare workers suffering from depression. Conclusion The anxiety and depression status of healthcare workers in China is poor, and hospital administrators should take positive measures to support healthcare workers and give positive expectations to alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Lu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Dou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaohui Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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Francis-Wenger H. Exploring compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in emergency nurses: a mixed-methods study. Emerg Nurse 2024; 32:19-26. [PMID: 37278088 DOI: 10.7748/en.2023.e2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compassion fatigue can have detrimental effects on emergency nurses and the quality of patient care they deliver. Ongoing challenges such as operational pressures and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have increased nurses' risk of experiencing compassion fatigue. AIM To explore and understand emergency nurses' experiences and perceptions of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. METHOD This study used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design comprising two phases. In phase one, the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL-5) scale was used to obtain information on the prevalence and severity of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among emergency nurses. In phase two, six participants' experiences and perceptions were explored via semi-structured interviews. FINDINGS A total of 44 emergency nurses completed the ProQOL-5 questionnaires. Six respondents had a high compassion satisfaction score, 38 had a moderate score and none had a low score. In the interviews, participants revealed different explanations regarding their compassion satisfaction levels. Three main themes were identified: personal reflections; factors identified as maintaining stability; and external factors affecting compassion. CONCLUSION Compassion fatigue needs to be prevented and addressed systemically to avoid detrimental effects on ED staff morale and well-being, staff retention, patients and care delivery.
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Tang L, Wang F, Tang T. Exploring the relationship between family care, organizational support, and resilience on the professional quality of life among emergency nurses: A cross-sectional study. Int Emerg Nurs 2024; 72:101399. [PMID: 38198948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The professional quality of life (ProQOL), encompassing emotional, physical, and psychological well-being, is profoundly influenced by the unique nursing experiences of emergency nurses. Understanding and effectively enhancing their professional well-being are of paramount importance. This study aimed to explore the relationship between family care, organizational support, and resilience with the ProQOL among emergency nurses. METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted between May 1 and June 1, 2023, involved 118 emergency nurses from Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital. Demographic and work-related information were collected. ProQOL, family care, organizational support and resilience were assessed using validated scales. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine the associations between these variables. RESULTS Significant differences were observed in the two dimensions of ProQOL (compassion satisfaction and burnout) among emergency nurses with different age, marital status, technical titles, work experience and night shift frequency (P < 0.05). Furthermore, both organizational support and resilience demonstrated a significant positive correlation with compassion satisfaction, while exhibiting a significant negative correlation with burnout (P < 0.05). Additionally, the third dimension of ProQOL (secondary trauma stress) was significantly negatively correlated with resilience (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study elucidates the pivotal role of organizational support and resilience in influencing the professional quality of life among emergency nurses, highlighting the specific needs of younger and less-experienced practitioners. Our findings lay the groundwork for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing the occupational well-being and job satisfaction of nursing staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha 410007, China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha 410007, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha 410007, China.
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Wu C, He C, Yan J, Du J, He S, Ji Z, Wang Y, Lang H. Patterns of information literacy and their predictors among emergency department nurses: a latent profile analysis based on the person-context interaction theory. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:71. [PMID: 38279169 PMCID: PMC10811938 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of information technology, information has been an important resource in clinical medicine, particularly within the emergency department. Given its role in patient rescue, the emergency department demands a high level of information literacy from nurses to effectively collect, analyze, and apply information due to the urgency and complexity of emergency nursing work. Although prior studies have investigated the information literacy of nursing staff, little has been undertaken in examining the patterns of information literacy and their predictors among emergency department nurses. AIM To clarify the subtypes of information literacy among nurses in the emergency department and explore the factors affecting profile membership. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 2490 nurses in the emergency department from April to June 2023. The clinical nurses completed the online self-report questionnaires including the general demographic questionnaire, information literacy scale, self-efficacy scale and social support scale. Data analyses involved the latent profile analysis, variance analysis, Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified: 'Low information literacy (Class 1)', 'Moderate information knowledge (Class 2)', 'High information knowledge and support (Class 3)' and 'High information literacy (Class 4)', accounting for 20.14%, 42.11%, 23.36% and 14.39%, respectively. Each profile displayed unique characteristics representative of different information literacy patterns. Age, years of work, place of residence, hospital grade, title, professional knowledge, using databases, reading medical literature, participating in information literacy training, self-efficacy, and social support significantly predicted information literacy profile membership. CONCLUSIONS Information literacy exhibits different classification features among emergency department nurses, and over half of the nurses surveyed were at the lower or middle level. Identifying sociodemographic and internal-external predictors of profile membership can aid in developing targeted interventions tailored to the needs of emergency department nurses. Nursing managers should actively pay attention to nurses with low information literacy and provide support to improve their information literacy level. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Insights from the current study of the latent profile analysis are beneficial to hospital managers in understanding the different types of emergency department nurses' information literacy. These insights serve as a reference for managers to enhance nurses' information literacy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaran Yan
- Department of Nursing, The Air Force Hospital of Northern Theater PLA, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shizhe He
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhaohua Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Hongjuan Lang
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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Zhang Y, Peng Q, Dong W, Hou C, Chen C. Professional identity and sense of coherence affect the between compassion fatigue and work engagement among Chinese hospital nurses. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:472. [PMID: 38093239 PMCID: PMC10717496 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the continuous improvement of people's health needs, the public's requirements for medical care are also getting higher and higher. Work engagement is a positive psychological state related to the work. It is very important to maintain nurses' work engagement, however, due to many factors, the level of nurses' work engagement is not high and nursing managers should identify the influencing factors of work engagement, and take positive measures to fully improve nurses' work engagement. OBJECTIVES To explore the influence of compassion fatigue, professional identity and sense of coherence on nurses' work engagement. METHODS From January 2022 to June 2022, convenience sampling was used to select clinical nurses from 9 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province of China as the research objects for a questionnaire survey. Statistical methods included descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model 4 and 7 in regression analysis. RESULTS The results showed that compassion fatigue was significantly negatively correlated with sense of coherence, professional identity and work engagement (P<0.01), professional identity was significantly positively correlated with sense of coherence and work engagement (P<0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between sense of coherence and work engagement (P<0.01). Professional identity played a partial mediating role between compassion fatigue and work engagement, accounting for 46.40% of the total effect; meanwhile, sense of coherence moderated the effect of compassion fatigue on professional identity and formed a moderated mediation model. CONCLUSIONS Compassion fatigue has a negative predictive effect on nurses' work engagement. Professional identity and sense of coherence further explained the relationship of compassion fatigue on compassion fatigue and work engagement through mediating and moderating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
- Department of Health and Wellness, Nanyang Vocational College of Science and Technology, Nanyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanglin Dong
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Hou
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China.
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Xie W, Liu M, Okoli CTC, Zeng L, Huang S, Ye X, Liu F, Wang J. Construction and evaluation of a predictive model for compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 148:104613. [PMID: 37839306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compassion fatigue is a syndrome resulting from long-term work-related traumatic event stress exposure of medical staff. The emergency department is considered to be a high-risk, high-intensity and high-stress work environment, with a high prevalence of trauma and violence. Nurses in the emergency department are more prone to compassion fatigue than nurses in other departments. Compassion fatigue not only affects the physical and mental health, and job satisfaction of emergency department nurses, but also causes serious consequences for patients, such as poor patient outcome, medical errors, and increased patient mortality during hospitalization. OBJECTIVES Our study aims to develop and evaluate a predictive model for compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. DATA SOURCES The emergency department nurses (N = 1014) were recruited from 21 tertiary hospitals (from Chengdu, Chongqing, Guiyang, Guangzhou and Shanghai) in central, southwestern, southern, and eastern China from July 25, 2022 to October 30, 2022. METHODS Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the potential predictive factors associated with compassion fatigue in emergency department nurses. A nomogram was built based on the predictive factors and internally evaluated using a bootstrap resampling method (1000 bootstrap resamples). The performance of the predictive model was evaluated by measuring the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test and calibration curve. RESULTS The prevalence of compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses was 75.9 %. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the independent predictive factors for compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses were working position, job satisfaction, diet habit, sleep hours per day, occupational stress, physical harassment and the level of workplace violence, all of which were identified to create the nomogram. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test indicated that the predictive model was well calibrated (χ2 = 11.520, P = 0.174). The bootstrap-corrected concordance index of nomogram was 0.821 (95 % CI: 0.791-0.851). The calibration curve of the nomogram showed good consistency between the predicted and actual probabilities. CONCLUSIONS A predictive model of compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses has been developed, based on the general demographic, work-related and lifestyle characteristics, occupational stress, and workplace violence, with satisfactory predictive ability. This model can identify emergency department nurses who are at high risk of compassion fatigue. Our study provides an empirical basis for early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of emergency department nurses at high risk of compassion fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Manli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chizimuzo T C Okoli
- University of Kentucky College of Nursing, 517 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Li Zeng
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, No. 173 Longdu South Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan province 610100, China.
| | - Shuqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jialin Wang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166 Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan province 611137, China.
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Maddigan J, Brennan M, McNaughton K, White G, Snow N. The Prevalence and Predictors of Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress in Registered Nurses in an Eastern Canadian Province: A Cross-Sectional Study. Can J Nurs Res 2023; 55:425-436. [PMID: 36694930 PMCID: PMC10619188 DOI: 10.1177/08445621221150297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of Registered Nurses' worklife is impacting nurses' mental health, and the standard of care received by clients. Contributing factors to nurses' stress are the trauma of continuous caring for those in great suffering, and adverse working conditions. OBJECTIVES i) to explore the prevalence of work-related stress in a provincial sample of Registered Nurses; ii) to compare the levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress reported by nurses in hospital, community, non-direct care settings, and, iii) to identify factors that predict levels of nursing work stress. METHODS A descriptive, predictive study with a self-report survey containing demographic questions and the Professional Quality of Life Scale was emailed to over 3,300 Registered Nurses. The scale measured the prevalence of three worklife indicators, compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Multiple linear regression identified factors that predicted the levels of the three indicators. A subgroup analysis explored the quality of worklife based on three practice environments. FINDINGS Nurses (n = 661) reported moderate compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. The strongest predictor, satisfaction with one's current job, predicted high compassion satisfaction and lower burnout and secondary stress. The subgroup analysis identified hospital nurses as having the most work-related stress and the lowest level of compassion satisfaction. CONCLUSION Innovative, collaborative action can transform nurses' practice environments. Organizational support is essential to bring about needed improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Maddigan
- Faculty of Nursing, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Maureen Brennan
- Organizational Development, Eastern Regional Health Authority, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Kelly McNaughton
- Peer Support and Trauma Response Program, Toronto Hospital for Sick Kids, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gerry White
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Nicole Snow
- Faculty of Nursing, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Shubair SA, Miller B, Zelenko J. A phenomenological study of compassion satisfaction among social work educators in higher education. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1176786. [PMID: 37731866 PMCID: PMC10507715 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compassion satisfaction (CS) is a phenomenon that has been studied among the helping professions, such as nursing and social work and has been linked to stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious trauma. Social work educators may also experience these same issues, yet more research is needed on how they might counter the negative impacts associated with this type of work by utilizing their experiences of CS. Objectives A phenomenological study was carried out to explore and describe how social work educators in higher education experiences CS. Methods Eleven in-depth interviews with social work educators were conducted, and constructivist grounded theory techniques were utilized to analyze the data. Results Social work educators experienced CS within the education and personal realms, which encompassed four different elements: achievement, support, balance, and empathy. Discussion The four elements of CS were utilized by social work educators in this study as coping strategies to enhance their experience of CS, thus encountering threats to CS, such as institutional barriers, interaction with administrators and colleagues, and work overload. Conclusion Interventions fostering compassion satisfaction and reducing compassion fatigue, burnout, and stress should be considered, including interventions that increase the sense of accomplishment, promote holistic self-care, encourage administrative and collegial support, and improve work-life balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan A. Shubair
- Social Studies Department, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ben Miller
- Raymond A. Kent School of Social Work and Family Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jean Zelenko
- Raymond A. Kent School of Social Work and Family Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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10
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Arman M. Empathy, sympathy, and altruism-An evident triad based on compassion. A theoretical model for caring. Scand J Caring Sci 2023; 37:862-871. [PMID: 36942653 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on existing confusion and a suggested contradiction regarding empathy and compassion in relation to caring science as well as in clinical health care. AIM The aim of the study was to find a knowledge base for the development of clinical caring science for, empathy, sympathy altruism, and compassion and their mutual relationship. DESIGN A theoretical paper. RESULTS The text discusses the different concepts separately, considering their history, research, obstacles, and bias and then brings them together in a concept model. The conclusion shows that empathy, sympathy, and altruism have no contradictions. Instead, they together form an evident triad based on compassion. Compassion is a prerequisite and a basis for the others to work. In clinical application, empathy is metaphorically a quality coming from the head, sympathy from the heart and altruism from the hand, merged in an attitude of compassion as a motif to care. The paper also reflects on the possibilities to increase and develop a compassionate mood and capacity by education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arman
- Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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11
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Wang Y, Li W, Chen A, Li Y, Sun Z. Effect of compassion fatigue on the caring ability of young psychiatric nurses: A dominance analysis and chain mediation model. Nurs Open 2023. [PMID: 36825527 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism by which three factors of compassion fatigue affect caring ability in young psychiatric nurses. METHODS We used the Professional Quality of Life Scale and Caring Ability Inventory to investigate 309 young nurses in three psychiatric hospitals in Heilongjiang. Dominance analysis and chain mediation model were performed to explore the effects of three factors of compassion fatigue on caring ability. RESULTS (1) The three factors of compassion fatigue affected the caring ability of young in the order compassion satisfaction > burnout>secondary traumatic stress by dominance analysis; (2) burnout played a partially mediating effect between compassion satisfaction and caring ability; and (3) secondary traumatic stress and burnout had a chain mediating effect between compassion satisfaction and caring ability. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of compassion satisfaction had the strongest impact on the caring ability of young psychiatric nurses which could be mediated via burnout and secondary traumatic stress. No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanting Li
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aixue Chen
- Kangci Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yingli Li
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhuocheng Sun
- Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Chen F, Ge Y, Xu W, Yu J, Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhang S. Changing Kindergarten Teachers' Mindsets Toward Children to Overcome Compassion Fatigue. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:521-533. [PMID: 36855598 PMCID: PMC9968431 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s398622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kindergarten teachers who empathize with toddlers experience a great risk of burnout and emotional disturbance. This is referred to as compassion fatigue, in which teachers' empathy experience is reduced. This study proposed a moderated mediation model to identify the risks of compassion fatigue and its protective factors for developing evidence-based clinical interventions. Methods In this cross-sectional study, self-report measures were administered to 1049 kindergarten teachers to observe their mindsets toward children, motivation for teacher empathy, job stress, social support, and compassion fatigue. The PROCESS macro (SPSS 23.0) was used to assess the moderated mediation model. Results The results demonstrated that motivation for teacher empathy mediated the negative relationship between kindergarten teachers' mindsets toward children and compassion fatigue. Moreover, job stress and social support moderated the relationship between kindergarten teachers' mindsets toward children and motivation for teacher empathy. However, this effect was not observed in the negative relationship between kindergarten teachers' mindsets toward children and compassion fatigue. Conclusion The proposed moderated mediation model was found to be valid. Furthermore, the study findings have practical implications for developing evidence-based interventions for addressing kindergarten teachers' compassion fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Chen
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yabo Ge
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China,College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junshuai Yu
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Xu
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqiong Zhang
- Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Shuqiong Zhang, Institute of Child Development, Jinhua Polytechnic, 1188 Wuzhou Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321007, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Yeşil A, Polat Ş. Investigation of psychological factors related to compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction among nurses. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:12. [PMID: 36631763 PMCID: PMC9835325 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While compassion fatigue is evaluated positively in nurses, compassion fatigue and burnout are undesirable from the viewpoint of professionals, service providers, institutions and ultimately society. It is necessary to identify the factors that lead to undesirable results and to reduce their effects. This study aimed to investigate nurses' levels of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, burnout, various psychopathological symptom levels, coping skills, and the relationship between them. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The participants were 356 nurses working in tertiary university hospitals in Istanbul (Türkiye). The Healthcare Professional Information Form, ProQOL-IV, Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and regression models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS According to the findings, low-level burnout, moderate-high compassion satisfaction, and low-moderate compassion fatigue symptoms were detected. Low-level anxiety, depression, somatization, hostility, and negative self-esteem were found. According to the results of regression analysis, mental disengagement and planning coping strategies positively affect the synergy of compassion fatigue (p < 0.05). Turning religion and restraint coping have a positive effect on compassion fatigue (p < 0.05). While depression has a positive effect on burnout, nurses' positive reinterpretation and growth strategy is effective in coping with burnout (p < 0.05). Positive reinterpretation and growth coping strategies are also effective in increasing job satisfaction (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Nurses showing somatization symptoms are risk factors for compassion fatigue, and nurses showing depression symptoms are risk factors for burnout, so they should be closely monitored and should be given support. Mental disengagement and planning coping strategies can reduce compassion fatigue, and positive reinterpretation and growth methods can reduce burnout and increase compassion satisfaction. It may be useful to provide counseling and training for nurses to use the right coping methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Yeşil
- grid.448598.c0000 0004 0454 8989Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Şehrinaz Polat
- grid.9601.e0000 0001 2166 6619Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Liu C, Yue C, Liu L, Liu T, Wang X, Hou Y, Gao S. Mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between perceived stress and job burnout among midwives in the post-COVID-19 era. Nurs Open 2022; 10:479-487. [PMID: 35964290 PMCID: PMC9834135 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived stress and job burnout in midwives. DESIGN A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey. METHODS Using the stratified cluster sampling method, 329 midwives in 20 hospitals in China were selected as the participants. They completed self-report assessment measures of job burnout, perceived stress and perceived social support. RESULTS 63.5% of the participants had job burnout. Perceived stress was negatively associated with social support (r = -.350, p < .01), while it was positively associated with job burnout (r = -.382, p < .01). Social support was negatively correlated with job burnout (r = -.569, p < .01). The total effect of perceived stress on job burnout was 0.474 (95% CI: 0.367 ~ 0.596, p < .01), the direct effect was 0.242 (95% CI: 0.142 ~ 0.355, p < .01), and the indirect effect was 0.232 (95% CI: 0.160 ~ 0.316, p < .01). Social support programmes for midwives should be implemented to control the impact of perceived stress on job burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Liu
- School of NursingShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaianChina
| | - Chongyu Yue
- Department of ObstetricsAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of ObstetricsAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ting Liu
- School of NursingQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xuelei Wang
- Department of ObstetricsAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of ObstetricsAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Shaobo Gao
- Department of ObstetricsAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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