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Alon R. Emerging adults' emotions toward their siblings with down syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 151:104791. [PMID: 38954913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typically-developing siblings of individuals with Down Syndrome often experience complex emotions towards their sibling. This study explored how social support, personal resources (optimism, sense of coherence [SOC]), and individual variables (sex, religious affiliation, siblings' functionality) may impact emerging adult siblings' emotions toward their sibling with Down Syndrome. METHODS Participants were 292 siblings of individuals with DS ranging in age from 18-27 (M=21.54, SD=2.50). Participants completed self-report questionnaires exploring optimism, SOC, support, and acceptance. RESULTS Higher levels of support and optimism were positively associated with positive emotions, and higher SOC with lower levels of negative emotions. Siblings' functionality and religious affiliation interacted with variables to predict emotions. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to a greater understanding of how emotions may play a role in sibling relations during the emerging adulthood stage. It also provides unique insight into how religious affiliation may be associated with more positive outcomes for siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raaya Alon
- Michlalah Jerusalem College, Baruch Duvdevani 36, Jerusalem 9116002, Israel.
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2
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Nguyen L, Jack SM, Davis H, Bellefeuille S, Arafeh D, Di Rezze B, Ketelaar M, Gorter JW. "Filling in the gap": A qualitative case study about identity construction of siblings of youth with a neurodisability. J Adolesc 2024; 96:1354-1367. [PMID: 38797961 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In families of children with a neurodisability, siblings have unique experiences that can shape their identity. There is limited information about the developmental process of how siblings form their identity. This study aims to understand the identity construction of young siblings who have a sibling with a neurodisability. METHODS As part of a patient-oriented research program, we engaged with our Sibling Youth Advisory Council in Canada. In this qualitative case study, data from semi-structured interviews augmented by photo elicitation and graphic elicitation of relational maps were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Nineteen sibling participants (median age = 19 years, range = 14-33 years) reflected on the uniqueness of their role during childhood. During adolescence and emerging adulthood, they became closer with their sibling with a neurodisability and increased communication with their parents about how to care for their sibling with a neurodisability. These experiences influenced how they explored and began to reconcile their sibling identity with their professional and social identities. CONCLUSION Siblings of youth with a neurodisability discover their unique identity and require support in this developmental process. Future interventions could evaluate how supports for siblings can have an impact on the positive development of their identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Jack
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanae Davis
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dana Arafeh
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Sanderson KA, Burke MM, Hodapp RM. Understanding Natural Supports in Diverse Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Across Life Domains. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 129:247-262. [PMID: 38917997 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-129.4.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Although natural supports benefit individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), little is known about natural support provided within specific life domains or how race/ethnicity or support from professionals impacts the extent of natural support one receives. In this study, 518 parents of adults with IDD responded to a national survey about natural supports, including who provides support, the number of supporters, and variables that predict natural supports. Family most often provided support, although professionals and family friends were frequent supporters in several domains. Natural support was most extensive in health, least extensive in employment and housing. Individuals with IDD who regularly participated in daytime activities and/or identified as Black had more extensive natural support. Implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meghan M Burke
- Meghan M. Burke and Robert M. Hodapp, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Robert M Hodapp
- Meghan M. Burke and Robert M. Hodapp, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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Niedbalski J. The impact of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities on peer relationships of typically developing siblings. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024; 28:514-532. [PMID: 36972705 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231168184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND This study aims to determine the impact of a person with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities on peer relationships of their siblings. METHODS Information obtained from typically developing siblings of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities served as research material for this study. There were a total of 18 participants in the study. The analysis and interpretation were based on the procedures of grounded theory. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results of the study show that young adults with a brother or sister with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities have some difficulties in establishing relationships with their peers, especially those more intimate such as friendships or romantic endeavors. At the same time, research confirms that siblings of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities have high levels of empathy and understanding for others as well as sincere attachment to family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Niedbalski
- Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Łódź, Poland
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Nguyen L, Jack SM, Davis H, Bellefeuille S, Arafeh D, Di Rezze B, Ketelaar M, Gorter JW. Being a sibling of a youth with a neurodisability: A qualitative study about the roles and responsibilities during the transition to adulthood. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13241. [PMID: 38445673 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the transition to adulthood, a common challenge that youth with a neurodisability may experience is learning how to navigate services in the adult care system. During this transition youth may rely on their families, including siblings, for support. However, delineation of sibling roles and responsibilities during this transition period are unclear. This study aims to identify the roles and responsibilities that siblings perceive to have with their sibling with a neurodisability during the transition to adulthood, and describe the decision-making process of how siblings chose these roles. METHODS In this descriptive qualitative case study, siblings were eligible to participate if they were between 14 to 40 years old, had a sibling between 14 to 21 years with a childhood-onset neurodisability and spoke English. Semi-structured interviews augmented by techniques of photo elicitation and relational maps were conducted. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to identify sibling roles, as well as the emotional and decision-making process associated with these roles. Our team partnered with siblings with lived experience in all study phases. RESULTS Nineteen participants (median age = 19 years, range = 14 to 33 years) from 16 unique families were interviewed. Six unique roles were described: friend, role model/mentor, protector, advocate, supporter, or caregiver. The emotions that siblings experienced with each role, also known as emotional responsibility, were categorized into levels of low, medium or high. Siblings also described a four-phase decision-making process for their roles: (1) acquiring knowledge; (2) preparing plans; (3) making adjustments; and (4) seeking support. Intrapersonal characteristics, including personal identity, values and experiences, influenced roles assumed by siblings. CONCLUSIONS Siblings identified needing support as they process their decisions and emotional responsibility in their roles when their sibling with a neurodisability is transitioning to adulthood. Resources should be developed or further enhanced to support siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Jack
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanae Davis
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dana Arafeh
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University and McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Kruithof K, Olsman E, Willems D, Volkers K, Kleijwegt B, Nieuwenhuijse A. 'What if I'm no longer around?': An evaluative description of a structured group conversation about the care for persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities when they outlive their parents. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13185. [PMID: 38097399 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) increasingly outlive their parents. Therefore, we designed a structured group conversation to support family members and care professionals in exploring together how parental roles may be taken over by others when necessary. METHOD We conducted a mixed methods study, with a focus on the qualitative data, to describe and evaluate three group conversations. RESULTS Family members (n = 22) of persons with PIMD who live in residential care facilities and care professionals (n = 9) evaluated the structured group conversation as valuable. While both parties reported that the group conversation (re)sparked their attention for the topic, mostly family members planned to take concrete action as a result of it. CONCLUSIONS The group conversation encourages parents to communicate explicitly about the future care for their child with PIMD, and offers both family members and care professionals support in exploring this future care together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Kruithof
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Olsman
- Department of Community & Care, Section of Spiritual Care & Chaplaincy Studies, Protestant Theological University, Groningen/Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Willems
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Volkers
- Research Center, Philadelphia Care Foundation, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Kleijwegt
- Location Merel/Zuiderlicht, Esdégé-Reigersdaal, Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands
| | - Appolonia Nieuwenhuijse
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sanderson KA, Aquino MD. 'It's a 24/7 Deal': Parents of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities discuss natural supports. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:1264-1275. [PMID: 37515390 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural supports are widely used by adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. However, little research has been conducted on this topic. This study adds to the literature by examining the role of parents as natural supporters, other members of the natural support network, challenges families face as they secure natural supports, and advice parents have for other families. METHOD Twenty-three parents of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities were interviewed. Data was analyzed using a constant comparative approach. RESULTS Family members and friends were key natural supporters. However, parents provided the bulk of support. A hesitation with asking others for support was a common barrier to building natural support networks. Parents encouraged others to connect with families with similar circumstances. CONCLUSIONS To ensure proper care for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, we must develop supports that meet family members' needs and identify ways to strengthen natural support networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli A Sanderson
- Department of Advanced Studies in Education and Counseling, California State University, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Michael D Aquino
- Department of Advanced Studies in Education and Counseling, California State University, Long Beach, California, USA
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Dorsman NI, Waninge A, van der Schans CP, Luijkx J, Van der Putten AAJ. The roles of adult siblings of individuals with a profound intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:1308-1318. [PMID: 37550062 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult siblings are important in the lives of individuals with profound intellectual disabilities, especially as parents age. However, little is known about the roles they assume. METHOD We examined these roles among 58 participants from the Netherlands, who completed an online questionnaire. RESULTS Most participants (89.7%) assumed multiple roles, and the majority were content with their roles. Between 7% and 58% indicated that they were the only individuals providing a certain role. Shared roles primarily involved healthcare professionals, other siblings, and parents. Almost half the participants (48.2%) assigned higher scores for the amount of support provided than for the experienced burden. CONCLUSIONS Adult siblings often assume multiple roles. The shared roles emphasise the importance of collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi I Dorsman
- Research Group on Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aly Waninge
- Research Group on Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees P van der Schans
- Research Group on Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorien Luijkx
- Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette A J Van der Putten
- Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Karni-Vizer N, Shamai Kaplan M, Snir S. Couple relationship experiences of siblings and siblings-in-law of persons with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:1124-1135. [PMID: 37337870 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined how siblings and siblings-in-law of persons with intellectual disabilities experience the establishment of and processes within the couple relationship. METHOD In-depth semi-structured interviews with 12 siblings and 12 siblings-in-law of persons with intellectual disabilities were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The participants did not perceive their special siblinghood as detrimental to their couple relationships. Siblings-in-law's prior acquaintance with persons with disabilities and professional support provided to the family of origin emerged as contributing factors. The effect of the siblinghood on the couple relationship was both positive and negative. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the importance of the acceptance of others who are different, including in couple relationships when a sibling or sibling-in-law has intellectual disabilities, and underscore the role of professional therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sharon Snir
- Tel-Hai Academic College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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Sanner CM, Benjamin LR, Eskander C, McGregor HA, Preston AE, McIntyre LL, Neece CL. Sibling Support and Perceived Daily Hassles in Latino and Non-Latino Families of Children with DD. FAMILY JOURNAL (ALEXANDRIA, VA.) 2023; 31:330-340. [PMID: 37817893 PMCID: PMC10564384 DOI: 10.1177/10664807221151174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Parents of children with developmental delay (DD) report significantly higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of children with typical development. There is a heightened need for social support among families of children with DD. Siblings play an important role in these contexts as a supportive resource and primary stress buffer. Little to no research has examined how these stress and supportive processes may differ among Latino and non-Latino parents. The current study examined the relation between sibling support and parents' perceived daily hassles between Latino and non-Latino parents of children with DD (N = 146; 65% Latino; mean parent age = 37.39 years; mean child age = 49.63 months; SD = 7.9). Latinos reported significantly greater use of sibling support and lower perceived daily hassles compared to non-Latino counterparts. In the combined sample, greater sibling support was significantly correlated with lower daily hassles. When examined separately in Latino and non-Latino groups, this correlation only remained significant among Latinos. The interaction between ethnicity and sibling support on perceived daily hassles was approaching significance, such that Latinos who reported high levels of sibling support reported lower perceived daily hassles. Findings emphasize the universal importance of familial support systems for the well-being of parents of children with DD and point to the possible protective role of Latino cultural factors that influence the degree to which these supports are employed. Results may inform culturally sensitive adaptations to parenting interventions for Latino families that harness sibling support to target and buffer parenting stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Eskander
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Amanda E. Preston
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Laura Lee McIntyre
- Department of Special Education and Clinical Sciences, College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Cameron L. Neece
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Parent-Reported Caregiving Roles of Siblings of Children with Inborn Errors of Metabolism. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2023; 44:e300-e308. [PMID: 37126774 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research examining sibling caregiving contributions to medically complex pediatric patients, including those with inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs), is limited. We assess caregiving roles and attributes of siblings and hypothesize that there will be differences in parent-reported contributions among siblings of children with IEMs and siblings of typically developing (TD) children. STUDY DESIGN A convergent parallel mixed-methods study design guided analysis of data from parental surveys and semistructured interviews. Interviews were conducted with parents (n = 49) of children with IEMs and parents (n = 28) of exclusively TD children. We used inductive thematic analysis to identify themes related to sibling caregiving. The caregiving and support roles for siblings (n = 55) of children with IEMs and siblings (n = 42) of TD children were coded to assess each sibling's caregiving contributions and personal attributes. RESULTS Logistic regressions, using generalized estimating equations, were fitted. Results showed that siblings of children with IEMs were significantly more likely to provide monitoring (odds ratio [OR]: 3.62, confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-10.07) and emotional/social support (OR: 4.02, CI: 1.67-9.67) than siblings of TD children. Themes arising from interviews with parents of children with IEMs focused on sibling attributes, parental expectations regarding sibling caregiving, and challenges to the sibling-sibling and parent-sibling relationships. Themes revealed nuances in the sibling caregiving experience. CONCLUSION Siblings of children with IEMs make meaningful caregiving contributions and may provide care differently than siblings of TD children. Understanding childhood caregiving roles may inform how health care providers and parents encourage sibling caregiving contributions into adulthood.
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Nguyen L, Bootsma J, Ketelaar M, Di Rezze B, Jack SM, Gorter JW. Programs to Prepare Siblings for Future Roles to Support Their Brother or Sister with a Neurodevelopmental Disability: a Scoping Review. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2023; 10:47-79. [PMID: 36845576 PMCID: PMC9942034 DOI: 10.1007/s40474-023-00272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review To identify and map the characteristics and outcomes of programs designed to prepare siblings for their future roles with their sibling with a neurodevelopmental disability. Recent Findings Existing programs to support siblings of individuals with a neurodevelopmental disability often focus on providing information about neurodevelopmental disabilities, creating a community for siblings to connect with each other, and connecting siblings to resources and services to support them in their roles. Some programs are offered to the whole family with specific sessions for siblings. While these program descriptions are provided in the literature, there is limited understanding about the impacts and outcomes of these programs on siblings of an individual with a neurodevelopmental disability. Summary Fifty-eight articles (published between 1975 and 2020, with > 50% published since 2010) met the inclusion criteria, representing 54 sibling programs from 11 countries. Extracted data represented 1033 (553 females) sibling participants, between 4 and 67 years old. Twenty-seven programs focused on the outcome of knowledge acquisition for the siblings and thirty-one programs focused on the outcome of empowerment for the siblings to teach skills to their sibling with a neurodevelopmental disability. While there is an increasing number of programs for siblings of individuals with a neurodevelopmental disability in the past decade, there is a lack of siblings as co-developers or facilitators. Future research should consider the various roles that siblings can have in programs to address their needs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40474-023-00272-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Jael Bootsma
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Susan M. Jack
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
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"Sometimes I Feel Grateful…": Experiences of the Adolescent Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Malaysia. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:795-807. [PMID: 34247302 PMCID: PMC8272616 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sibling relationships remain understudied in typically developing adolescents who have siblings with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study explored the lived experiences and perceptions of adolescents who have a brother or a sister with a diagnosis of ASD using semi-structured interviews. Using thematic analysis, the participants reported having difficulties communicating with their siblings. Feeling a mixture of emotions was common when interacting with their siblings with ASD and emotional self-regulation was a typical coping strategy utilized by these adolescents. Despite the challenges, having a sibling with ASD led to closer relationships between the siblings. These findings offer insights into these adolescents' needs and how they may be best supported, informing the practice of speech-language pathology and other health professions.
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Kruithof K, Willems D, Nieuwenhuijse A, Olsman E. Care and support for persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities without parents: A qualitative exploration. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 130:104334. [PMID: 36115069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) increasingly outlive their parents. While this is expected to negatively affect them, little is known about the actual situation of persons with PIMD without parents. AIM To explore how parental roles are taken over by others, when persons with PIMD have outlived their parents, and how this affects the care and support for- and quality of life (QoL) of persons with PIMD. METHODS We interviewed seven siblings, and six professionals (N = 13) involved in the care and support for persons with PIMD without parents, and analysed the data thematically. RESULTS Siblings described a lack in family communication about the transition, yet felt responsible to fill the gap their parents left behind. Professional legal guardians felt professional responsibility towards their clients, yet described they had a limited assignment to fulfil. Professional caregivers underscored the importance of family in the care and support for persons with PIMD, while describing sometimes taking on extra responsibility for clients without parents. CONCLUSIONS Support aimed at facilitating a timely transfer of responsibilities, and at clarifying the content of these responsibilities, could better prepare both siblings and professionals to mitigate the impact of the loss of parents for persons with PIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Kruithof
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Dick Willems
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Appolonia Nieuwenhuijse
- Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Olsman
- Department of Mediating Good Life, Section of Spiritual Care & Chaplaincy Studies, Protestant Theological University, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Milevsky A, Singer O. Growing up alongside a sibling with a disability: A phenomenological examination of growth and deficiency in adulthood. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 130:104336. [PMID: 36152472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing literature underscores the role played by sibling throughout life particularly for siblings with disabilities. However, limited research focuses on how growing up with a sibling with a disability impacts adult personality and well-being. AIMS The current study is a qualitative examination of the long-term effects of growing up with a sibling who has a developmental disability, using both a deficiency and growth model perspective. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Participants included 20 adult siblings of individuals with disabilities interviewed using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were conducted via an online platform. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Themes identified were: impact on personal character traits, social development through sibling and overcoming social challenges, impacts on religiosity, influence on career choice, influence on romantic relationships and finding a partner, and future planning and stress. Distinct patterns of growth were noted in areas of personal development, character traits, social development, and interpersonal skills. On the other hand, hardships and anxieties were noted in general with specific negative features relating to social embarrassment and concerns about how the sibling status will impact potential romantic partnerships and future family life. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The current study highlights the long-term impact of growing up with a sibling with a developmental disability with empirical and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Orly Singer
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Israel
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Múries-Cantán O, Schippers A, Giné C, Blom-Yoo H. Siblings of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a systematic review on their quality of life perceptions in the context of a family. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 69:797-810. [PMID: 37885836 PMCID: PMC10599190 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2036919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Within Family Quality of Life (FQoL) research, perceptions of siblings of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the setting of a family are limited studied. The aim of this systematic review is to find relevant information about quality of life perceptions of siblings of people with IDD. Two main questions guided this review: (1) what are the siblings' perceptions on quality of life in the context of their family? (2) what needs and challenges do siblings have regarding their quality of life as siblings of individuals with IDD? Methods: A systematic search was conducted using Scopus, PsycInfo, ERIC and Web of Science databases, involving keywords and combinations such as Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Family Quality of Life and siblings. Results: We identified a total of 48 articles. Analysis showed siblings' diverse perceptions of quality of life and their multiple experiences, needs, desires and concerns. Conclusions: Results contribute to knowledge about the quality of life and well-being of siblings of all ages. Suggestions for support, interventions and future research are given, such as the necessity of educating local communities regarding siblings' needs, the study of siblings' experiences in different cultural contexts or the importance of conducting research with clear theoretical frameworks and focused on the multiple components that might be influencing siblings' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Múries-Cantán
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Schippers
- Ethics of Care, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C. Giné
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H. Blom-Yoo
- Family Quality of Life, Disability Studies in Nederland, De Meern, The Netherlands
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Sciscione P. The Experience of Caregiving for an Adult Sibling with Down Syndrome. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223211027861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adults with Down syndrome are living longer than ever before and are likely to outlive their parents. Adult siblings have been identified as future caregivers, yet little is known about this experience. The prominent caregiving literature focuses on the anticipation of caregiving rather than on the experience of being a caregiver. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of being a caregiver to an adult sibling with Down syndrome. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used to interview seven siblings who were partial and full caregivers for an adult sibling with Down syndrome. The participants fulfilled multiple roles in the lives of their siblings throughout their adult lives, but felt unprepared to fulfill the duties of being full-time caregivers upon the death of their parents. Navigation of the social service system was complex and frustrating with no support or guidance. Everyday tasks of caregiving were time consuming and managing the medical and social service needs of their siblings was viewed as a huge responsibility. Participants felt the responsibilities of caregiving put limitations on their personal lives. Despite the challenges, participants felt caregiving had benefits also. The transition to being caregivers was difficult because of the lack of planning by their parents, yet participants have not made plans for the future succession of caregiving. Implications are identified for healthcare and social service professionals to aid families in the care of adults with Down syndrome and in planning for the future transition of caregiving in families.
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18
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Koukouriki E, Athanasopoulou E, Andreoulakis E. Feelings of Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction in Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Birth Order and Perceived Social Support. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:4722-4738. [PMID: 34741232 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Loneliness has been associated with several adverse psychosocial outcomes in childhood and adolescence. The present study aimed to investigate feelings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction in school-aged typically-developing (TD) siblings of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). For this purpose, 118 siblings of children with ASD and 115 siblings of TD children and one of their parents participated in this study. Siblings of ASD-children reported higher levels of loneliness and social dissatisfaction than the controls. The hierarchical multiple regressions performed revealed that those feelings were inversely associated with being the first-born and with specific aspects of social support as perceived by the parent. The younger siblings of ASD-children seem to be in need of certain interventions beyond social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Koukouriki
- Special Education Laboratory, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. .,Centre for Educational and Counseling Services of Trikala, 2 Botsari str, 42132, Trikala, Greece.
| | - Evangelini Athanasopoulou
- Community Centre for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, General Hospital of Thessaloniki "G. Papanikolaou", 57010, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Elias Andreoulakis
- Adult Psychiatric Unit, Department of Thessaloniki, Hellenic Centre for Mental Health and Research, Thessaloníki, Greece
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Nguyen L, Davis H, Bellefeuille S, Havens J, Jack SM, Di Rezze B, Ketelaar M, Gorter JW. Canadian Resources for Siblings of Youth With Chronic Health Conditions to Inform and Support With Healthcare Management: A Qualitative Document Analysis. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2021; 2:724589. [PMID: 36188805 PMCID: PMC9397918 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2021.724589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: As children and adolescents with a chronic health condition (CHC) age and transition to adulthood, many will increasingly assume responsibilities for the management of their healthcare. For individuals with CHCs, family members including siblings often provide significant and varied supports. There are a range of resources in Canada to support siblings of individuals with a CHC, but these resources are not synthesized and the extent to which they relate to healthcare management remains unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this document review was to identify, describe, and synthesize the types of resources currently available to provide general information and healthcare management information about how siblings can provide support to individuals with CHCs in Canada. Methods: Print and electronic resources were systematically identified and retrieved from the websites of organizations, treatment centers, and children's hospitals that are part of Children's Healthcare Canada. Each unique resource was treated as a text document. Documents that met the following inclusion criteria were included: addressed the topic of siblings of individuals with a CHC and written in English. Data were extracted from included documents and qualitative conventional content analysis was conducted. Throughout the process of this review, we partnered with a Sibling Youth Advisory Council. Results: The systematic search yielded 1,628 non-duplicate documents, of which 163 documents met the inclusion criteria. Of the total of 163 documents, they were delivered in the following formats: 17 (10%) general informational products (e.g., booklets, videos) about a CHC and sibling relationships, 39 about support programs and workshops (24%), 34 news articles (21%) that described the roles of siblings, and 6 (3%) healthcare management informational products (e.g., toolkit, tipsheets), 31 blogs (19%) and 39 interviews (24%) with parents and siblings. In the blogs and interviews, siblings and parents described how siblings developed knowledge and skills for healthcare management, as well as their role and identity over time. Significance: This study identified that there are limited resources available about healthcare management for siblings of CHC in Canada. Resources are needed to facilitate conversations in the family about the role of siblings with healthcare management of their sibling with a CHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Linda Nguyen
| | - Hanae Davis
- Sibling Youth Advisory Council, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Susan M. Jack
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University and McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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20
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Nguyen L, Jack SM, Di Rezze B, Ketelaar M, Gorter JW. Protocol of the BEST SIBS study: a qualitative case study to investigate the roles and responsibilities of siblings of youth with a neurodisability during health care transition. JOURNAL OF TRANSITION MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/jtm-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Children and youth with neurodisabilities may experience different challenges during their transition to adulthood, such as pursuing postsecondary education, finding employment, and navigating a new adult health care system. Families, including siblings, have an important role in the process for when youth with neurodisabilities are transitioning to adulthood. Siblings are in a unique position, where they can have different roles such as a friend, mentor, or caregiver. Siblings can offer various supports to their brother or sister with a neurodisability, but they require knowledge and skills for these different supporting roles. Currently, there are limited programs available for siblings to learn how to support their brother or sister with a neurodisability during transition. A first step to develop these sibling support programs is to understand the experiences of siblings of youth with a neurodisability. The purpose of this report is to describe a protocol of a qualitative case study aimed at examining the experiences of siblings including their roles and responsibilities to their brother or sister with a neurodisability during health care transition.
Methods
An exploratory single case study design will be used. An integrated knowledge translation approach to conducting this study will be used by partnering with the Sibling Youth Advisory Council comprised of siblings who have a brother or sister with a disability throughout all study phases. Participants will include siblings (ages 14–40 years old) with a brother or sister (ages 14–21 years old) with a neurodisability in Ontario, Canada. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted, that will be augmented by photo elicitation and drawings of family tree diagrams. Data will be analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Discussion
Findings from this study will be shared with siblings, families, researchers, and the broader community. It is important to understand the roles and responsibilities that siblings are choosing to have to support their brother or sister with a neurodisability, and how these roles may change over time as their sibling is growing up and transitions to adulthood. Siblings may require knowledge and skills in these roles, and an understanding about siblings’ experiences in certain roles can help to inform the development of a resource to support siblings during health care transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nguyen
- School of Rehabilitation Science , Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | - Susan M. Jack
- School of Nursing , Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact , Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science , Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine , University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- School of Rehabilitation Science , Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
- Department of Pediatrics , McMaster University and McMaster Children’s Hospital , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada
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21
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Grant N, Von Handorf R, Karaa A, Skotko BG. The experiences and support needs of siblings of people with mucopolysaccharidosis. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3418-3426. [PMID: 34410034 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by progressive multisystem disease. We sought to identify the perceptions and support needs of siblings, who often have lifelong relationships and assume important roles for their brothers and sisters with MPS. We designed an online survey to ask siblings about their experiences through a series of Likert statements and open-ended questions. A mixed methods approach was used to analyze the results. We analyzed eligible responses from 97 participants, ages 18.1-61.2 years, who have brothers and sisters with MPS I, II, III, IV, and VI. Participants reported serving as caregivers for their siblings with MPS, at all ages. While over 62% of siblings often felt sad because they have a brother or sister with MPS, over 90% of siblings reported that they like their brothers and sisters and expressed feelings of pride. Siblings wanted information about MPS, guidance for caregiving activities, genetic counseling, and opportunities to connect with other siblings. Families and professionals should acknowledge the unique experiences and needs of siblings, include siblings in medical conversations and care plans when appropriate, and connect siblings to resources for informational and emotional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Grant
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Amel Karaa
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian G Skotko
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Koukouriki E, Soulis SG. Self-reported Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and Anxiety Among Greek School-Age Siblings of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Relation to Parental Mental Health and Social Support. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:2913-2930. [PMID: 32040799 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and anxiety were measured in 233 school-age siblings of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and siblings of Typically Developing (TD) children in Greece. The aim of the study was to investigate for any association between siblings' HRQOL or anxiety and parental mental health, perceived social support as well as major demographic factors. It was found that the disability group (ASD-sibs) showed elevated anxiety levels and poorer HRQOL than controls. In hierarchical multiple regression models, the anxiety of ASD-sibs was significantly associated with parental anxiety independent of parental perceived social support and demographic factors, whereas the HRQOL of ASD-sibs was associated with perceived social support independent of parental physical and mental health and demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Koukouriki
- Department of Primary Education, Special Education Laboratory, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece. .,, Amalias 24, 42132, Trikala, Greece.
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Sommantico M, Parrello S, De Rosa B. Adult siblings of people with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities: Sibling relationship attitudes and psychosocial outcomes. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 99:103594. [PMID: 32070862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is still little research on the relationships between adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their typically-developing siblings, despite the importance of these ties for siblings' psychological well-being, especially in terms of depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction. In this study, the sibling relationship attitudes of adult siblings of people with (N = 133) and without (N = 140) intellectual and developmental disabilities were explored. Feelings, behaviors, and thoughts related to sibling relationships were measured using the Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale; depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II; anxiety was measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory; and life satisfaction was measured using the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Results indicate that higher levels of positive sibling relationship attitudes are negatively related to levels of depression and anxiety, and positively related to levels of life satisfaction. Furthermore, adult siblings of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities show less positive sibling relationship attitudes, higher levels of depression and anxiety, and lower levels of life satisfaction. Finally, group membership, indirectly through sibling relationship attitudes, was related to depressive and anxious symptoms, as well as to life satisfaction. Implications for future research and policies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sommantico
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - S Parrello
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - B De Rosa
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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24
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Rossetti Z, Lee CE, Burke M, Hall S. Perspectives about adult sibling relationships: A dyadic analysis of siblings with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 96:103538. [PMID: 31783277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) report positive sibling relationships. However, extant research often only examines the perspective of the nondisabled sibling; it is unclear whether siblings with IDD report close sibling relationships. Thus, the aim of this study was to understand adult sibling relationships from the perspectives of both siblings with and without IDD. Using dyadic interviews, we examined the perspectives of eight adult sibling dyads. The study was conducted in the United States. Data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis and cross-case analysis to identify themes within and across dyads. Overall, siblings with and without IDD reported enjoying spending time with one another. However, siblings with and without Down syndrome (versus autism spectrum disorder) reported more reciprocal sibling relationships, more frequent contact, and a greater range of shared activities. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Rossetti
- Boston University Two Silber Way Boston, MA 02215 United States; Vanderbilt University, United States; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; University of Minnesota, United States.
| | - Chung Eun Lee
- Boston University Two Silber Way Boston, MA 02215 United States; Vanderbilt University, United States; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; University of Minnesota, United States
| | - Meghan Burke
- Boston University Two Silber Way Boston, MA 02215 United States; Vanderbilt University, United States; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; University of Minnesota, United States
| | - Sarah Hall
- Boston University Two Silber Way Boston, MA 02215 United States; Vanderbilt University, United States; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; University of Minnesota, United States
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25
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Taylor WD, Cobigo V, Ouellette-Kuntz H. A family systems perspective on supporting self-determination in young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 32:1116-1128. [PMID: 30993822 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the way families support self-determination in young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) during life transitions. METHOD Qualitative case studies were conducted with two Canadian families who participated in semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations every quarter for one year. Analyses were informed by family systems theory and self-determination theory. FINDINGS Families considered the needs and preferences of the young adults with IDD, suggesting individualized approaches for balancing independence and protection. Families set short-term and long-term goals for increased independence, scaffolded the learning of new skills and collaborated on important choices. Collaboration occurred to the extent that all family members perceived agency in planning and implementing transitions. CONCLUSIONS Families supported the young adults with IDD in their psychological needs for competence, relatedness and autonomy, which allowed them to experience self-determination. Findings have implications for supporting self-determination and transition planning in the family system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney D Taylor
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Virginie Cobigo
- School of Psychology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hélène Ouellette-Kuntz
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Brady AM, Burke MM, Landon T, Oertle K. Siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Their knowledge and perspectives on guardianship and its alternatives. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 32:1078-1087. [PMID: 30990247 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often support their brothers and sisters through caregiving and guardianship. METHODS In this qualitative study, the knowledge and views of 10 adult siblings were explored. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The tripartite impact of limited knowledge of guardianship and alternatives, the viewpoint of full guardianship as necessary and the desired/anticipated roles of siblings combined to create the Sibling Reciprocal Effect (SRE). The present authors define SRE as the phenomenon of siblings to recognize the applicability of complementary forms of guardianship for other adults with IDD, but fail to see the advantage of available decision-making alternatives with their own brothers/sisters. Instead, siblings defer to full guardianship as the preferred mechanism for decision making. Implications for practitioners include informing families of the full range of options for supporting persons with IDD in decision making. Future research suggestions include examining the elements of the SRE and siblings' knowledge regarding guardianship and the alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Brady
- Department of Education, Erskine College, Due West, South Carolina
| | - Meghan M Burke
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Trenton Landon
- Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Kathleen Oertle
- Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
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27
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Dinleyici M, Dağlı FŞ. Evaluation of quality of life of healthy siblings of children with chronic disease. Turk Arch Pediatr 2018; 53:205-213. [PMID: 30872922 DOI: 10.5152/turkpediatriars.2018.6778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The quality of life determination of children with chronic disease is closely related to treatment success. Quality of life assessment studies revealed that it was not limited to the individual, the quality of life of the family members also had to be assessed. Along with the child being diagnosed with chronic illness, some changes occur in the family structure, and in family roles. Quality of life assessment studies in healthy siblings generally indicate a global influence. These children live in different senses such as closure, aggression, depression, anxiety, guilt, and isolation. Psychosocial impact (short or long-term) of healthy siblings have been associated with disease type, severity, disease duration, age, sex, and ability to cope. Further comprehensive studies among healthy siblings of children with chronic disease about quality of life are needed. Building support groups (especially family support groups) to express feelings and thoughts freely for healthy siblings can positively affect the well-being and self-esteem of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Dinleyici
- Department of Pediatrics, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Figen Şahin Dağlı
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Burke MM, Lee CE, Carlson SR, Arnold CK. Exploring the preliminary outcomes of a sibling leadership program for adult siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 66:82-89. [PMID: 34141370 PMCID: PMC8115446 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2018.1519632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although adult siblings often fulfill caregiving roles for their brothers and sisters with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and report needing support, little intervention research has been conducted with adult siblings of individuals with IDD. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the preliminary outcomes of a leadership and support program for adult siblings of individuals with IDD. Pre, post and follow-up survey data indicated that the program correlated with increased sibling connectedness and empowerment. Additionally, the program met sibling expectations with respect to: connectedness, empowerment, and resources. Siblings were highly satisfied with the program. Also, siblings wanted to impact systemic change, especially with respect to the adult service delivery system. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Burke
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Chung eun Lee
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | | | - Catherine K. Arnold
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences, USA
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