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Ng JCM, Schooling CM. Effect of basal metabolic rate on lifespan: a sex-specific Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7761. [PMID: 37173352 PMCID: PMC10182013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Observationally, the association of basal metabolic rate (BMR) with mortality is mixed, although some ageing theories suggest that higher BMR should reduce lifespan. It remains unclear whether a causal association exists. In this one-sample Mendelian randomization study, we aimed to estimate the casual effect of BMR on parental attained age, a proxy for lifespan, using two-sample Mendelian randomization methods. We obtained genetic variants strongly (p-value < 5 × 10-8) and independently (r2 < 0.001) predicting BMR from the UK Biobank and applied them to a genome-wide association study of parental attained age based on the UK Biobank. We meta-analyzed genetic variant-specific Wald ratios using inverse-variance weighting with multiplicative random effects by sex, supplemented by sensitivity analysis. A total of 178 and 180 genetic variants predicting BMR in men and women were available for father's and mother's attained age, respectively. Genetically predicted BMR was inversely associated with father's and mother's attained age (years of life lost per unit increase in effect size of genetically predicted BMR, 0.46 and 1.36; 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.85 and 0.89-1.82), with a stronger association in women than men. In conclusion, higher BMR might reduce lifespan. The underlying pathways linking to major causes of death and relevant interventions warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C M Ng
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Department of Environmental, Occupational, and Geospatial Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, 55 West 125th St, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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Amaro-Gahete FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ. Association of Basal Metabolic Rate and Nutrients Oxidation with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041186. [PMID: 32340248 PMCID: PMC7230721 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association of basal metabolic rate (BMR) and basal fat and carbohydrate oxidation (BFox and BCHox, respectively) with cardiometabolic risk factors and insulin sensitivity in sedentary middle-aged adults. A total of 71 healthy sedentary adults (37 women) aged 40–65 years participated in the current study. Data were collected during the baseline assessments of the FIT-AGEING randomized controlled trial. BMR was measured via indirect calorimetry, and BFox and BCHox estimated by stoichiometric equations. Blood pressure, glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides plasma levels were selected as cardiometabolic risk factors and assessed following standard procedures. We observed positive associations of BMR with plasma insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA; all p < 0.05) which were attenuated or disappeared after controlling by sex, age, and/or lean mass. There were positive associations between BFox and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI; p < 0.015), while negative associations were noted between BFox and plasma insulin and HOMA (p < 0.015). There was a significant negative association between BCHox with QUICKI (p < 0.01), whereas significant positive relationships were obtained when BCHox was associated with plasma insulin and HOMA (p < 0.01). These associations persisted in almost all cases when controlling by sex, age and/or lean mass. No further relationships were found when BMR, BFox, and BCHox were associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors. In conclusion, our study findings support that greater BFox and lower BCHox are related to improved insulin sensitivity, whereas BMR seems to be not associated with neither cardiometabolic risk nor insulin sensitivity in sedentary middle-aged adults. Further intervention studies are necessary to well-understand the physiological mechanism implied in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-243-540
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Manuel J. Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
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Creber C, Cooper RS, Plange-Rhule J, Bovet P, Lambert EV, Forrester TE, Schoeller D, Riesen W, Korte W, Cao G, Luke A, Dugas LR. Independent association of resting energy expenditure with blood pressure: confirmation in populations of the African diaspora. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:4. [PMID: 29320983 PMCID: PMC5763572 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension, however, the physiologic mechanisms linking increased adiposity to elevations in blood pressure are not well described. An increase in resting energy expenditure (REE) is an obligatory consequence of obesity. Previous survey research has demonstrated that REE is an independent predictor of blood pressure, and eliminates the co-linear association of body mass index. This observation has received little attention and there have been no attempts to provide a causal explanation. METHODS At baseline in an international comparative study on obesity, 289 participants aged 25-44 were recruited from communities in the US, the Seychelles, Ghana and South Africa and had REE measured with indirect calorimetry. All participants were thought to be free of major illness. RESULTS In multivariate regression models, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with REE (p < 0.01), while body mass index and fat mass were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (p < 0.01, and p < 0.05 respectively), but not diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm previous reports and suggest that a common physiologic abnormality links REE and blood pressure. Elevated catecholamines, a putative metabolic characteristic of obesity, is a possible candidate to explain this association. The direct role of excess adipose tissue is open to question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Creber
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | | | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ministry of Health, Victoria, Mahè Island, Seychelles
| | - Estelle V. Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Terrence E. Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston Jamaica
| | - Dale Schoeller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Walter Riesen
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Canton Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Korte
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Canton Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Guichan Cao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Amy Luke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Lara R. Dugas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
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Hopkins JL, Hopkins PN, Brinton EA, Adams TD, Davidson LE, Nanjee MN, Hunt SC. Expression of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Severe Obesity. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2017; 15:283-290. [PMID: 28657427 DOI: 10.1089/met.2016.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) generally rises with increasing adiposity, but tends to plateau at the highest levels of body mass index (BMI) with some individuals, even with severe obesity, expressing few or no components of MetS. We examined factors associated with the expression of MetS in severely obese women participating in a large observational study. METHODS Anthropometrics, including Heath equation-adjusted bioimpedance-determined fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), lipids and related laboratory measurements, resting energy expenditure (REE), and respiratory quotient (RQ), were studied in 949 women with severe obesity. RESULTS Even though the mean BMI was 45.7 kg/m2 and all participants met MetS criteria for increased waist circumference, 30% of subjects did not have MetS. Unadjusted FM (P = 0.0011), FFM (P < 0.0001), and REE (P < 0.0001) were greater in the women with MetS. Surprisingly, in multivariate logistic regression FFM was positively associated with MetS (P = 0.0002), while FM was not (P = 0.89). Moreover, FFM, not FM, was significantly associated with all five components of MetS except for triglyceride levels. REE and RQ were higher in those with MetS, and REE was strongly associated with multiple components of MetS. CONCLUSIONS In women with severe obesity, higher FFM and REE were paradoxically associated with increased rather than decreased risk of MetS, while FFM-adjusted FM was unrelated to MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Hopkins
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paul N Hopkins
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Eliot A Brinton
- 2 The Utah Lipid Center and Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ted D Adams
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,3 Intermountain Live Well Center , Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lance E Davidson
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,4 Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah
| | - M Nazeem Nanjee
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steven C Hunt
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,5 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Thomopoulos C. Resting Energy Expenditure and Blood Pressure: Evidence of Perpetual Association. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2014; 16:166-7. [DOI: 10.1111/jch.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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