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Saba L, Maindarkar M, Johri AM, Mantella L, Laird JR, Khanna NN, Paraskevas KI, Ruzsa Z, Kalra MK, Fernandes JFE, Chaturvedi S, Nicolaides A, Rathore V, Singh N, Isenovic ER, Viswanathan V, Fouda MM, Suri JS. UltraAIGenomics: Artificial Intelligence-Based Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment by Fusion of Ultrasound-Based Radiomics and Genomics Features for Preventive, Personalized and Precision Medicine: A Narrative Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:184. [PMID: 39076491 PMCID: PMC11267214 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2505184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnosis and treatment are challenging since symptoms appear late in the disease's progression. Despite clinical risk scores, cardiac event prediction is inadequate, and many at-risk patients are not adequately categorised by conventional risk factors alone. Integrating genomic-based biomarkers (GBBM), specifically those found in plasma and/or serum samples, along with novel non-invasive radiomic-based biomarkers (RBBM) such as plaque area and plaque burden can improve the overall specificity of CVD risk. This review proposes two hypotheses: (i) RBBM and GBBM biomarkers have a strong correlation and can be used to detect the severity of CVD and stroke precisely, and (ii) introduces a proposed artificial intelligence (AI)-based preventive, precision, and personalized ( aiP 3 ) CVD/Stroke risk model. The PRISMA search selected 246 studies for the CVD/Stroke risk. It showed that using the RBBM and GBBM biomarkers, deep learning (DL) modelscould be used for CVD/Stroke risk stratification in the aiP 3 framework. Furthermore, we present a concise overview of platelet function, complete blood count (CBC), and diagnostic methods. As part of the AI paradigm, we discuss explainability, pruning, bias, and benchmarking against previous studies and their potential impacts. The review proposes the integration of RBBM and GBBM, an innovative solution streamlined in the DL paradigm for predicting CVD/Stroke risk in the aiP 3 framework. The combination of RBBM and GBBM introduces a powerful CVD/Stroke risk assessment paradigm. aiP 3 model signifies a promising advancement in CVD/Stroke risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 40138 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mahesh Maindarkar
- School of Bioengineering Sciences and Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, 412021 Pune, India
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA 95661, USA
| | - Amer M. Johri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Laura Mantella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - John R. Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA 94574, USA
| | - Narendra N. Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, 110001 New Delhi, India
| | | | - Zoltan Ruzsa
- Invasive Cardiology Division, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Manudeep K. Kalra
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Seemant Chaturvedi
- Department of Neurology & Stroke Program, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 20742, USA
| | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre and University of Nicosia Medical School, 2368 Agios Dometios, Cyprus
| | - Vijay Rathore
- Nephrology Department, Kaiser Permanente, Sacramento, CA 95823, USA
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 248002 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, National Institute of The Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mostafa M. Fouda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - Jasjit S. Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA 95661, USA
- Department of Computer Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 248002 Uttarakhand, India
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Han SH, Chae DS, Kim SW. Dual CXCR4/IL-10 Gene-Edited Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Robust Therapeutic Properties in Chronic Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315338. [PMID: 36499667 PMCID: PMC9741220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although stem cells have attracted attention as a novel therapeutic solution for tissue regeneration, their minimal efficacy remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the enhanced therapeutic property of CXCR4/IL-10 dual angiogenic/anti-inflammatory gene knock-in amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMM) in a wound-healing model. Dual CXCR4 and IL-10 genes were inserted into the AMM genome using transcription-activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN). Matrigel tube formation and anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in vitro, and efficacy was tested in vivo in a diabetic wound-healing model. CXCR4/IL-10-expressing amniotic MSCs (AMM/CI) strongly expressed CXCR4 and IL-10 genes and robustly promoted tube formation and anti-inflammatory potential. AMM/CI transplantation resulted in accelerated wound healing, as well as high engraftment and re-epithelialization potential. Transplanted AMM/CI also exhibited high angiogenic and decreased pro-inflammatory gene expression in the wound tissue, indicating direct therapeutic effects on wound healing. Taken together, these data indicate that dual angiogenic/anti-inflammatory gene knock-in may be a novel approach to enhance the therapeutic effects of stem cells, and transplantation of AMM/CI can be an alternative therapeutic option in chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ho Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Whan Kim
- Department of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(32)-290-2616; Fax: +82-(32)-290-2620
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Topography of immune cell infiltration in different stages of coronary atherosclerosis revealed by multiplex immunohistochemistry. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2022; 44:101111. [PMID: 36820389 PMCID: PMC9938475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Aim of this study was to investigate immune cells and subsets in different stages of human coronary artery disease with a novel multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) technique. Methods Human left anterior descending coronary artery specimens were analyzed: eccentric intimal thickening (N = 11), pathological intimal thickening (N = 10), fibroatheroma (N = 9), and fibrous plaque (N = 9). Eccentric intimal thickening was considered normal, and pathological intimal thickening, fibroatheroma, and fibrous plaque were considered diseased coronary arteries. Two mIHC panels, consisting of six and five primary antibodies, autofluoresence, and DAPI, were used to detect adaptive and innate immune cells. Via semi-automated analysis, (sub)types of immune cells in whole plaques and specific plaque regions were quantified. Results Increased numbers of CD3+ T cells (P < 0.001), CD20+ B cells (P = 0.013), CD68+ macrophages (P = 0.003), CD15+ neutrophils (P = 0.017), and CD31+ endothelial cells (P = 0.024) were identified in intimas of diseased coronary arteries compared to normal. Subset analyses of T cells and macrophages showed that diseased coronary arteries contained an abundance of CD3+CD8- non-cytotoxic T cells and CD68+CD206- non-M2-like macrophages. Proportions of CD3+CD45RO+ memory T cells were similar to normal coronary arteries. Among pathological intimal thickening, fibroatheroma, and fibrous plaque, all immune cell numbers and subsets were similar. Conclusions The type of immune response does not differ substantially between different stages of plaque development and may provide context for mechanistic research into immune cell function in atherosclerosis. We provide the first comprehensive map of immune cell subtypes across plaque types in coronary arteries demonstrating the potential of mIHC for vascular research.
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Li L, Duan X, Wang H, Sun Y, Zhao W, Lu Y, Xu H, You Y, Wang Q. Is cell regeneration and infiltration a double edged sword for porcine aortic valve deterioration? A large cohort of histopathological analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:336. [PMID: 35902792 PMCID: PMC9335994 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Bioprostheses are the most common prostheses used for valve replacement in the Western medicine. The major flaw of bioprostheses is the occurrence of structural valve deterioration (SVD). This study aimed to assess the pathological features of porcine aortic valve (PAV)-SVD based on histomorphological and immunopathological characteristics of a large cohort of patients. METHODS Histopathological data of 109 cases with resected PAV were collected. The type and amount of infiltrated cells were evaluated in the different types of bioprosthetic SVD by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The most common cause of SVD was calcification, leaflet tear, and dehiscence (23.9%, 19.3%, and 18.3%, respectively). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that macrophages were infiltrated in the calcified, lacerated and dehiscence PAV, in which both M1 and M2 macrophages were existed in the calcified PAV. Importantly, the higher content of M1 macrophages and less content of M2 macrophages were found in the lacerated and dehiscence PAV, and MMP-1 expression was mainly found in the lacerated PAV. The endothelialization rate of leaflet dehiscence was higher than that of calcified and lacerated leaflets. A large number of CD31+/CD11b+ cells was aggregated in the spongy layer in the lacerated and dehiscence PAV. CONCLUSION Cell regeneration and infiltration is a double edged sword for the PAV deterioration. Macrophage infiltration is involved in the different types of SVD, while only MMP-1 expression is involved in lacerated leaflets. The macrophage subtype of circulating angiogenic cells in dehiscence and tear PAV could be identified, which could reserve macrophages in the PAV-SVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Xuejing Duan
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center for Adult Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yiwei You
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking UnionMedical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
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Zhang HZ, Chae DS, Kim SW. ASC and SVF Cells Synergistically Induce Neovascularization in Ischemic Hindlimb Following Cotransplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010185. [PMID: 35008610 PMCID: PMC8745515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported the angio-vasculogenic properties of human stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). In this study, we investigated whether the combination of ASCs and SVF cells exhibited synergistic angiogenic properties. We conducted quantitative (q)RT-PCR, Matrigel plug, tube formation assays, and in vivo therapeutic assays using an ischemic hind limb mouse model. Immunohistochemical analysis was also conducted. qRT-PCR results revealed that FGF-2 was highly upregulated in ASCs compared with SVF, while PDGF-b and VEGF-A were highly upregulated in SVF. Conditioned medium from mixed cultures of ASCs and SVF (A+S) cells showed higher Matrigel tube formation and endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. A+S cell transplantation into ischemic mouse hind limbs strongly prevented limb loss and augmented blood perfusion compared with SVF cell transplantation. Transplanted A+S cells also showed high capillary density, cell proliferation, angiogenic cytokines, and anti-apoptotic potential in vivo compared with transplanted SVF. Our data indicate that A+S cell transplantation results in synergistic angiogenic therapeutic effects. Accordingly, A+S cell injection could be an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
| | - Dong-Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-S.C.); (S.-W.K.); Tel.: +82-32-290-3150 (D.-S.C.); +82-32-290-2616 (S.-W.K.); Fax: +82-32-290-3879 (D.-S.C.); +82-32-290-2620 (S.-W.K.)
| | - Sung-Whan Kim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-S.C.); (S.-W.K.); Tel.: +82-32-290-3150 (D.-S.C.); +82-32-290-2616 (S.-W.K.); Fax: +82-32-290-3879 (D.-S.C.); +82-32-290-2620 (S.-W.K.)
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Lansky A, Chun H, Pietras C, Hussain Y. Refining drug-eluting stent technologies: from engineering to basic science. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:1770-1772. [PMID: 33624813 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lansky
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Group, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hyung Chun
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cody Pietras
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yasin Hussain
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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Reduced angiovasculogenic and increased inflammatory profiles of cord blood cells in severe but not mild preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3630. [PMID: 33574435 PMCID: PMC7878804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a prevalent pregnancy disorder that leads to high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. While defective vascular development and angiogenesis in placenta are known as crucial pathological findings, its pathophysiological mechanism remains elusive. To better understand the effects of PE on angio-vasculogenesis and inflammatory networks in the fetus and to identify their biological signatures, we investigated the quantitative and functional characteristics of cord blood-derived mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs) and CD31-positive MNCs. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the CB-MNCs from the severe PE group had significantly decreased number of cells expressing CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD19, KDR, and CD31 compared with the normal group. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) shows down-regulation of the major angiogenic factor VEGFA in MNCs and CD31+ MNCs in severe PE. The major inflammatory cytokines IL1 was highly upregulated in CD31+ CB-MNCs in the severe PE patients. Mild PE patients, however, did not display any significant difference in expression of all measured angiogenic genes and most inflammatory genes. These findings show distinct angiogenic and inflammatory signatures from severe PE, and they may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of vascular defects in placenta of severe PE.
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8
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Landers-Ramos RQ, Sapp RM, Shill DD, Hagberg JM, Prior SJ. Exercise and Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:767-797. [PMID: 30892694 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autologous stem/progenitor cell-based methods to restore blood flow and function to ischemic tissues are clinically appealing for the substantial proportion of the population with cardiovascular diseases. Early preclinical and case studies established the therapeutic potential of autologous cell therapies for neovascularization in ischemic tissues. However, trials over the past ∼15 years reveal the benefits of such therapies to be much smaller than originally estimated and a definitive clinical benefit is yet to be established. Recently, there has been an emphasis on improving the number and function of cells [herein generally referred to as circulating angiogenic cells (CACs)] used for autologous cell therapies. CACs include of several subsets of circulating cells, including endothelial progenitor cells, with proangiogenic potential that is largely exerted through paracrine functions. As exercise is known to improve CV outcomes such as angiogenesis and endothelial function, much attention is being given to exercise to improve the number and function of CACs. Accordingly, there is a growing body of evidence that acute, short-term, and chronic exercise have beneficial effects on the number and function of different subsets of CACs. In particular, recent studies show that aerobic exercise training can increase the number of CACs in circulation and enhance the function of isolated CACs as assessed in ex vivo assays. This review summarizes the roles of different subsets of CACs and the effects of acute and chronic exercise on CAC number and function, with a focus on the number and paracrine function of circulating CD34+ cells, CD31+ cells, and CD62E+ cells. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:767-797, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Q Landers-Ramos
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ryan M Sapp
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel D Shill
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - James M Hagberg
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven J Prior
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, College Park, Maryland, USA.,Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Liu X, Tan W, Yang F, Wang Y, Yue S, Wang T, Wang X. Shengmai injection reduces apoptosis and enhances angiogenesis after myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:629-636. [PMID: 29803176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether Shengmai injection (SMI) helps to improve cardiac function and enhances angiogenesis after myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). A rat model of MIRI was created via occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 3 days or 7 days of reperfusion (n = 6 each group). BACKGROUNDS SMI is widely used for the treatment of myocardial infarction. The mechanism underlying the effect on cardiac function is not known and whether SMI has any effects on angiogenesis during treatment of MIRI is not clear. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Echocardiography showed that SMI improved the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the rat model of MIRI. TUNEL staining indicated that SMI decreased the myocardial apoptosis rate after MIRI. This result may be related to the increase of Bcl-2 expression in the SMI group and a reduction in Bax and caspase 3 expression, as determined by immunohistochemical staining. Small vessels (<60 μm in diameter) of the heart of rats in the group treated with SMI were denser (more numerous) than those in the heart of rats in the other groups. Real-time PCR indicated that the SMI-driven reduction in apoptosis was associated with a change in the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax expression, and treatment-induced angiogenesis was associated with enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) expression. We elucidated that SMI promotes angiogenesis, which is important for the development of cardiac remodelling after MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Wangxiao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Fengwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Shaoqian Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Yang XN, Li CS, Chen C, Tang XY, Cheng GQ, Li X. Protective effect of Shouwu Yizhi decoction against vascular dementia by promoting angiogenesis. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:740-750. [PMID: 29103459 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Shouwu is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with neuroprotective effect. Shouwu Yizhi decoction (SYD) was designed based on TCM theory. However, little is known about the roles of SYD in Vascular dementia (VaD). The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of SYD on the vascular cognitive impairment and explore the underlying mechanism by establishing focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model to induce VaD. SYD administration (54 mg·kg-1) for 40 days obviously improved the vascular cognitive impairment in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats as evidenced by the declined neurological deficit score and shortened escape latency via neurological deficit assessment and Morris water maze test. Moreover, SYD decreased neuron damage-induced cell death and ameliorated the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in the MCAO rats, thereby alleviating VaD. Mechanistically, SYD caused increases in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34 and CD31, compared with the MCAO rats in coronal hippocampus. Simultaneously, the expression level of miR-210 was elevated significantly after SYD administration, compared with the vehicle rats (P < 0.01). The expression of Notch 4 at both mRNA and protein levels was upregulated remarkably along with the notably downregulated DLL4 expression under SYD administration compared with the vehicle rats (P < 0.05). Overall, the above results indicated that SYD promoted angiogenesis by upregulating VEGF-induced miR210 expression to activate Notch pathway, and further alleviated neuron damage and ameliorated the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in the MCAO rats, ultimately enhancing the cognition and memory of MCAO rats. Therefore, our findings preliminarily identified the effect and the mechanism of action for SYD on VaD in rats. SYD could be a potential candidate in treatment of VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ni Yang
- Department of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Li
- Department of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Shandong Tumor Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guang-Qing Cheng
- Department of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology Institute of Basic Medicine Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China.
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11
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Infante T, Forte E, Schiano C, Cavaliere C, Tedeschi C, Soricelli A, Salvatore M, Napoli C. An integrated approach to coronary heart disease diagnosis and clinical management. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:3148-3166. [PMID: 28804537 PMCID: PMC5553869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The major issue in coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis and management is that symptoms onset in an advanced state of disease. Despite the availability of several clinical risk scores, the prediction of cardiovascular events is lacking, and many patients at risk are not well stratified according to the canonical risk factors alone. Therefore, adequate risk assessment remains the most challenging issue. Recently, the integration of imaging data with biochemical markers in a radiogenomic framework has been proposed in many fields of medicine as well as in cardiology. Multimodal imaging and advanced processing techniques can provide both direct (e.g., remodeling index, calcium score, total plaque volume, plaque burden) and indirect (e.g., myocardial perfusion index, coronary flow reserve) imaging features of CHD. Furthermore, the identification of novel non-invasive biochemical markers, mainly focused on plasma and/or serum samples, has increased the specificity of findings, reflecting several pathophysiological pathways of atherosclerosis, the principal actor in CHD. In this context, a multifaced approach, derived from the strengths of all these modalities, appears promising for finer risk stratification and treatment strategies, facilitating the decision-making and clinical management of patients. This review underlines the role of different imaging modalities in the quantification of coronary atherosclerosis and describes novel blood-based markers that could improve diagnosis and have a better predictive value in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Tedeschi
- Department of Cardiology, San Giovanni Bosco HospitalASL Napoli 1, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDNNaples, Italy
- Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples ParthenopeNaples, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Napoli
- IRCCS SDNNaples, Italy
- U.O.C. Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU), Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples, Italy
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12
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Jabir NR, Firoz CK, Ahmed F, Kamal MA, Hindawi S, Damanhouri GA, Almehdar HA, Tabrez S. Reduction in CD16/CD56 and CD16/CD3/CD56 Natural Killer Cells in Coronary Artery Disease. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:526-535. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1306866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasimudeen R. Jabir
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chelapram K. Firoz
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Hindawi
- Department of Haematology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A. Damanhouri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein A. Almehdar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Toba H, Cannon PL, Yabluchanskiy A, Iyer RP, D'Armiento J, Lindsey ML. Transgenic overexpression of macrophage matrix metalloproteinase-9 exacerbates age-related cardiac hypertrophy, vessel rarefaction, inflammation, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H375-H383. [PMID: 28011588 PMCID: PMC5402013 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00633.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Advancing age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is secreted by macrophages and robustly increases in the left ventricle (LV) with age. The present study investigated the effect of MMP-9 overexpression in macrophages on cardiac aging. We compared 16- to 21-mo-old C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) male and female mice (n = 15-20/group). MMP-9 overexpression amplified the hypertrophic response to aging, as evidenced by increased LV wall thickness and myocyte cross-sectional areas (P < 0.05 for both). MMP-9 overexpression reduced LV expression of the angiogenesis-related factors ICAM-1, integrins α3 and β3, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, thrombospondin-1, tenascin-c, and versican (all P < 0.05). Concomitantly, the number of vessels in the TG was lower than WT LV (P < 0.05). This led to a mismatch in the muscle-to-vessel ratio and resulted in increased cardiac inflammation. Out of 84 inflammatory genes analyzed, 16 genes increased in the TG compared with WT (all P < 0.05). Of the elevated genes, 14 were proinflammatory genes. The increase in cardiac inflammation resulted in greater accumulation of interstitial collagen in TG (P < 0.05). Fractional shortening was similar between groups, indicating that global cardiac function was still preserved at this age. In conclusion, overexpression of MMP-9 in macrophages resulted in exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy in the setting of vessel rarefaction, which resulted in enhanced inflammation and fibrosis to augment the cardiac-aging phenotype. Our results provide evidence that macrophage-derived MMP-9 may be a therapeutic target in elderly subjects.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study was the first to use mice with transgenic overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in macrophages to examine the effects of macrophage-derived MMP-9 on cardiac aging. We found that an elevation in macrophage-derived MMP-9 induced a greater age-dependent cardiac hypertrophy and vessel rarefaction phenotype, which enhanced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Toba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Presley L Cannon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Rugmani Padmanabhan Iyer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jeanine D'Armiento
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; and
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi;
- G. V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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14
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Landers-Ramos RQ, Sapp RM, VandeWater E, Macko J, Robinson S, Wang Y, Chin ER, Spangenburg EE, Prior SJ, Hagberg JM. Investigating the extremes of the continuum of paracrine functions in CD34-/CD31+ CACs across diverse populations. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 312:H162-H172. [PMID: 27793853 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00342.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paracrine function of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) is thought to contribute to vascular maintenance. We previously identified S100A8 and S100A9 secreted from physically inactive individuals' CD34-/CD31+ CACs as negative regulators of capillary-like network formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate further the extremes of the continuum of CAC paracrine actions using two distinctly different groups representing "healthy" and "impaired" CAC function. We aimed to determine how capillary-like network formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is affected by S100A8 and S100A9 in concentrations secreted by CACs from different ends of the health spectrum. CD34-/CD31+ CACs were isolated and cultured from 10 impaired function individuals defined as older (50-89 yr), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients and 10 healthy individuals defined as younger (18-35 yr), healthy individuals, and conditioned media (CM) was generated. CM from the impaired function group's CACs significantly diminished network formation compared with CM from the healthy group (P < 0.05). We identified elevations in S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 in the CM from the impaired function group (P < 0.05). Pretreatment of HUVECs with inhibitors to a known S100A8 and S100A9 receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), but not receptor for advanced glycation end products, improved HUVEC network formation (P < 0.05) compared with CM alone in the impaired function conditions. Exposure of HUVECs to the TLR4 signaling inhibitor also blocked recombinant S100A8- and S100A9-mediated reductions in network formation. Collectively, the results suggest that the mechanisms behind impaired CAC CD34-/CD31+ CM-mediated reductions in capillary-like network formation involve secretion of S100A8 and S100A9 and binding of these proteins to TLR4 receptors on HUVECs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY S100A8 and S100A9 proteins in concentrations secreted by CD34-/CD31+ circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) with impaired function reduce endothelial cell capillary-like network formation. These effects appear to be mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 and are absent with S100A8 and S100A9 in concentrations secreted by healthy CD34-/CD31+ CACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Q Landers-Ramos
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Ryan M Sapp
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Emily VandeWater
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Macko
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shawn Robinson
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yan Wang
- Proteomics Core Facility, College of Computer, Mathematics, and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland; and
| | - Eva R Chin
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Espen E Spangenburg
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Steven J Prior
- University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James M Hagberg
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland;
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15
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Guo LZ, Kim TH, Han S, Kim SW. Angio-Vasculogenic Properties of Endothelial-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Human Adipose Tissue. Circ J 2016; 80:998-1007. [PMID: 26853554 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although stem cells have been regarded as a promising therapeutic option, the marginal therapeutic effects of stem cells are limitations that must be overcome for the development of effective cell therapy. This study sought to identify the angio-vasculogenic properties of endothelial differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to determine whether these cells are effective for vascular repair. METHODS AND RESULTS Adipose MSCs were cultured for 10 days under endothelial cell (EC) culture conditions. These endothelial cell differentiated adipose MSCs (EA) and undifferentiated adipose MSCs (UA) were characterized via angiogenesis and adhesion assays. These cells were transplanted into a hindlimb ischemia (HLI) model to determine therapeutic effects and their underlying mechanisms. EA displayed low adhesion and angiogenic properties in vitro compared with UA. When implanted into mouse HLI models, EA exhibited the decreased recovery of blood perfusion in limb ischemia than uncultured UA. Histology data showed that injected EA exhibited lower retention, angiogenic cytokine levels, and neovascularization in vivo than did UA. Short-term differentiated EA display less cell engraftment and angio-vasculogenic potential, and are less effective for peripheral vascular repair than UA. CONCLUSIONS EC differentiation of MSCs may not present an effective strategy for the promotion of therapeutic neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhe Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
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