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Hazari V, Samali SA, Izadpanahi P, Mollaei H, Sadri F, Rezaei Z. MicroRNA-98: the multifaceted regulator in human cancer progression and therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:209. [PMID: 38872210 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-98 (miR-98) stands as an important molecule in the intricate landscape of oncology. As a subset of microRNAs, these small non-coding RNAs have accompanied a new era in cancer research, underpinning their significant roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the biogenesis, molecular properties, and physiological undertakings of miR-98, highlighting its double-edged role in cancer progression-acting both as a tumor promoter and suppressor. Intriguingly, miR-98 has profound implications for various aspects of cancer progression, modulating key cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell cycle. Given its expression patterns, the potential of miR-98 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, especially in liquid biopsies and tumor tissues, is explored, emphasizing the hurdles in translating these findings clinically. The review concludes by evaluating therapeutic avenues to modulate miR-98 expression, addressing the challenges in therapy resistance, and assessing the efficacy of miR-98 interventions. In conclusion, while miR-98's involvement in cancer showcases promising diagnostic and therapeutic avenues, future research should pivot towards understanding its role in tumor-stroma interactions, immune modulation, and metabolic regulation, thereby unlocking novel strategies for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajihe Hazari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Rooyesh Infertility Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmad Samali
- Department of Microbiology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
| | | | - Homa Mollaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farzad Sadri
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Rezaei
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Wu R, Ma R, Duan X, Zhang J, Li K, Yu L, Zhang M, Liu P, Wang C. Identification of specific prognostic markers for lung squamous cell carcinoma based on tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1236444. [PMID: 37841237 PMCID: PMC10570622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1236444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a unique subform of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The lack of specific driver genes as therapeutic targets leads to worse prognoses in patients with LUSC, even with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, research on the LUSC-specific prognosis genes is lacking. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive LUSC-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) signature for prognosis correlated with tumor progression, immune infiltration,and stem index. Methods RNA sequencing data for LUSC and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal, and DEGs analyses were conducted in TCGA-LUSC and TCGA-LUAD cohorts to identify specific DEGs associated with LUSC. Functional analysis and protein-protein interaction network were performed to annotate the roles of LUSC-specific DEGs and select the top 100 LUSC-specific DEGs. Univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses were performed to select prognosis-related DEGs. Results Overall, 1,604 LUSC-specific DEGs were obtained, and a validated seven-gene signature was constructed comprising FGG, C3, FGA, JUN, CST3, CPSF4, and HIST1H2BH. FGG, C3, FGA, JUN, and CST3 were correlated with poor LUSC prognosis, whereas CPSF4 and HIST1H2BH were potential positive prognosis markers in patients with LUSC. Receiver operating characteristic analysis further confirmed that the genetic profile could accurately estimate the overall survival of LUSC patients. Analysis of immune infiltration demonstrated that the high risk (HR) LUSC patients exhibited accelerated tumor infiltration, relative to low risk (LR) LUSC patients. Molecular expressions of immune checkpoint genes differed significantly between the HR and LR cohorts. A ceRNA network containing 19 lncRNAs, 50 miRNAs, and 7 prognostic DEGs was constructed to demonstrate the prognostic value of novel biomarkers of LUSC-specific DEGs based on tumor progression, stemindex, and immune infiltration. In vitro experimental models confirmed that LUSC-specific DEG FGG expression was significantly higher in tumor cells and correlated with immune tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. In vitro experimental models confirmed that LUSC-specific DEG FGG expression was significantly higher in tumor cells and correlated with immune tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the potential clinical implication of the 7- DEGs signature for prognosis prediction of LUSC patients based on tumor progression, immune infiltration, and stem index. And the FGG could be an independent prognostic biomarker of LUSC promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, THP-1 cell infiltration, and stem cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihan Wu
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- The Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ru Ma
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaojun Duan
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Kexin Li
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Pengxia Liu
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Changshan Wang
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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Liu SX, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Zhou LS, Sun J, Liu GJ, Du YS, Zhou YN. Thiostrepton confers protection against reactive oxygen species-related apoptosis by restraining FOXM1-triggerred development of gastric cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:385-404. [PMID: 36152915 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of tumor-associated death worldwide. Metastasis and chemoresistance are crucial barriers for gastric cancer treatment. The Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor has been reported as a promising treatment target for various types of tumors, but its effects on gastric cancer progression are not fully understood. In the present study, we found that FOXM1 expression levels were significantly up-regulated in human gastric cancer cell lines and tissues, and its expression was much higher in patients with metastasis. We then found that suppressing FOXM1 with its inhibitor thiostrepton (THIO) significantly reduced the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, while induced G0/G1 and apoptosis. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial impair and autophagy were remarkably provoked in gastric cancer cells treated with THIO, which were required for the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, THIO exposure considerably suppressed the migration, invasion and angiogenesis in gastric cancer cells. The inhibitory effects of THIO on tumor growth and metastasis were confirmed in an established gastric cancer xenograft mouse model without detectable toxicity. Intriguingly, our in vitro studies showed that the anti-cancer effects of THIO on gastric cancer were almost abolished upon FOXM1 over-expression, indicating the necessity of FOXM1 suppression in THIO-inhibited tumor growth. In addition, higher FOXM1 expression was detected in gastric cancer cells with chemoresistance. Both in vitro and in vivo studies illustrated that THIO strongly promoted the drug-resistant gastric cancer cells to chemotherapies, proved by the considerably decreased cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Together, these findings revealed that FOXM1 was a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment, and THIO exerted potential as an therapeutic agent for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xiong Liu
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Ling-Shan Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Geriatrics (I), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzho, 730000, China
| | - Ge-Jing Liu
- Department of Geriatrics (I), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzho, 730000, China
| | - Ying-Shi Du
- Department of Geriatrics (I), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzho, 730000, China
| | - Yong-Ning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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MiR-579 Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation and Metastasis via Binding to CRABP2. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9111681. [PMID: 35966249 PMCID: PMC9371869 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a subtype of lung cancer. The aim of this study is to explore the functions of miR-579 and CRABP2 in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were applied to calculate cell proliferative abilities. Transwell assay was utilized to measure cell invasive ability. Results MiR-579 is low expressed in LUAD tissues and cell lines. MiR-579 inhibits cell viability and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma. Knockdown of CRABP2 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of Calu-3 cells. MiR-579 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion by regulating CRABP2 in Calu-3 cells. Conclusion Our study reveals that miR-579 acts as a tumor suppressor in LUAD and miR-579 can target and regulate the expression of CRABP2 to mediate cell proliferation and invasion. This study indicates that miR-579 has a potential to be a candidate biomarker for the treatment of LUAD.
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Thiostrepton induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through STAT3/GPX4 signalling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:630. [PMID: 35859150 PMCID: PMC9300693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death that is mediated by intracellular iron and ester oxygenase, and glutathione-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) prevents ferroptosis by converting lipid hydroperoxides into nontoxic lipid alcohols. Although thiostrepton (TST) has been reported to exert antitumor effects, its role in pancreatic cancer and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that TST reduced the viability and clonogenesis of pancreatic cancer cell lines, along with intracellular iron overload, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA) overexpression, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) depletion. Mechanistically, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter gene assays were used to confirm that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) binds to the GPX4 promoter region and promotes its transcription, whereas TST blocked GPX4 expression by regulating STAT3. Finally, in vivo experiments revealed that TST inhibited the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumours and had considerable biosafety. In conclusion, our study identified the mechanism by which TST-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through STAT3/GPX4 signalling.
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Doan LH, Chu LW, Huang ZY, Nguyen AT, Lee CY, Huang CL, Chang YF, Hsieh WY, Nguyen TTH, Lin CH, Su CL, Chuang TH, Lai JM, Wang FS, Yang CJ, Liu HK, Ping YH, Huang CYF. Virofree, an Herbal Medicine-Based Formula, Interrupts the Viral Infection of Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:905197. [PMID: 35860023 PMCID: PMC9289459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.905197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a threat with the emergence of new variants, especially Delta and Omicron, without specific effective therapeutic drugs. The infection causes dysregulation of the immune system with a cytokine storm that eventually leads to fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and further irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, the promising way to inhibit infection is to disrupt the binding and fusion between the viral spike and the host ACE2 receptor. A transcriptome-based drug screening platform has been developed for COVID-19 to explore the possibility and potential of the long-established drugs or herbal medicines to reverse the unique genetic signature of COVID-19. In silico analysis showed that Virofree, an herbal medicine, reversed the genetic signature of COVID-19 and ARDS. Biochemical validations showed that Virofree could disrupt the binding of wild-type and Delta-variant spike proteins to ACE2 and its syncytial formation via cell-based pseudo-typed viral assays, as well as suppress binding between several variant recombinant spikes to ACE2, especially Delta and Omicron. Additionally, Virofree elevated miR-148b-5p levels, inhibited the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro), and reduced LPS-induced TNF-α release. Virofree also prevented cellular iron accumulation leading to ferroptosis which occurs in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Furthermore, Virofree was able to reduce pulmonary fibrosis-related protein expression levels in vitro. In conclusion, Virofree was repurposed as a potential herbal medicine to combat COVID-19. This study highlights the inhibitory effect of Virofree on the entry of Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, which have not had any effective treatments during the emergence of the new variants spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Hien Doan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Li-Wei Chu
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yi Huang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- ASUS Intelligent Cloud Services, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anh Thuc Nguyen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan National Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Academia Sinica, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yin Lee
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine (NRICM), Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Trang Thi Huyen Nguyen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsiung Lin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Li Su
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Mei Lai
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kang Liu
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine (NRICM), Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsin Ping
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biophotonics, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F. Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan National Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Academia Sinica, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liu Z, Pan R, Li W, Li Y. Comprehensive Analysis of Cell Cycle-Related Genes in Patients With Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:796795. [PMID: 35087757 PMCID: PMC8787043 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.796795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify critical cell cycle-related genes (CCRGs) in prostate cancer (PRAD) and to evaluate the clinical prognostic value of the gene panel selected. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) of dysregulated genes between PRAD and normal tissues demonstrated that the cell cycle-related pathways played vital roles in PRAD. Patients were classified into four clusters, which were associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Moreover, 200 prognostic-related genes were selected using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis and univariable Cox regression. The prognostic CCRG risk score was constructed using random forest survival and multivariate regression Cox methods, and their efficiency was validated in Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and GSE70770. We identified nine survival-related genes: CCNL2, CDCA5, KAT2A, CHTF18, SPC24, EME2, CDK5RAP3, CDC20, and PTTG1. Based on the median risk score, the patients were divided into two groups. Then the functional enrichment analyses, mutational profiles, immune components, estimated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), and candidate drugs were screened of these two groups. In addition, the characteristics of nine hub CCRGs were explored in Oncomine, cBioPortal, and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) datasets. Finally, the expression profiles of these hub CCRGs were validated in RWPE-1 and three PRAD cell lines (PC-3, C4-2, and DU-145). In conclusion, our study systematically explored the role of CCRGs in PRAD and constructed a risk model that can predict the clinical prognosis and immunotherapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongfang Pan
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxian Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjiang Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Bailly C. The bacterial thiopeptide thiostrepton. An update of its mode of action, pharmacological properties and applications. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 914:174661. [PMID: 34863996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial thiopeptide thiostrepton (TS) is used as a veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections. TS is a protein translation inhibitor, essentially active against Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. In procaryotes, TS abrogates binding of GTPase elongation factors to the 70S ribosome, by altering the structure of rRNA-L11 protein complexes. TS exerts also antimalarial effects by disrupting protein synthesis in the apicoplast genome of Plasmodium falciparum. Interestingly, the drug targets both the infectious pathogen (bacteria or parasite) and host cell, by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy which contributes to enhance the host cell defense. In addition, TS has been characterized as a potent chemical inhibitor of the oncogenic transcription factor FoxM1, frequently overexpressed in cancers or other diseases. The capacity of TS to crosslink FoxM1, and a few other proteins such as peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) and the 19S proteasome, contributes to the anticancer effects of the thiopeptide. The anticancer activities of TS evidenced using diverse tumor cell lines, in vivo models and drug combinations are reviewed here, together with the implicated targets and mechanisms. The difficulty to formulate TS is a drag on the pharmaceutical development of the natural product. However, the design of hemisynthetic analogues and the use of micellar drug delivery systems should facilitate a broader utilization of the compound in human and veterinary medicines. This review shed light on the many pharmacological properties of TS, with the objective to promote its use as a pharmacological tool and medicinal product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Lille, Wasquehal, 59290, France.
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Meng X, Yuan H, Li W, Xiao W, Zhang X. Biomarker Screening and Prognostic Significance Analysis for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5255-5267. [PMID: 34522125 PMCID: PMC8434883 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s325347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies report that conventional treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is effective, but several advanced patients present with poor prognosis. The current study explored potential new tumor markers and therapeutic targets in advanced ccRCC. Methods Biomarker gene expression of ccRCC was retrieved from GEO database and the Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) database. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks of biomarker genes were constructed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tool. Kaplan–Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were performed to explore the prognostic and diagnostic roles of these genes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis was used to determine hallmark functions of the biomarker genes. qRT-PCR was used to verify the reliability of the analysis results in tumor tissues. Results A total of 21 upregulated genes were identified between advanced ccRCC and early ccRCC (grade III+IV vs grade I+II). Gene ontology analysis showed that the 21 upregulated genes were mainly implicated in biological processes including metabolic and lipid transport. The findings showed that 7 out of the 21 genes were significantly upregulated in 72-paired samples retrieved from the TCGA-KIRC. High expression of 5 genes indicated a poor prognosis of overall survival and disease-free survival in KIRC. Three genes effectively distinguished renal cancer tissue and adjacent renal tissues in a total of 533 ccRCC samples. GSEA showed that the 3 biomarkers were significantly enriched in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, G2M checkpoint, and angiogenesis. The results of qRT-PCR showed that STEAP3, IBSP, and AQP9 had a significant identification effect in ccRCC. Conclusion The findings showed that 3 biomarkers were significantly upregulated in advanced ccRCC and could be used for diagnosis, prediction, and potential novel therapeutic targets for progression of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangui Meng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiquan Li
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
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10
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Ma Y, Shen N, Wicha MS, Luo M. The Roles of the Let-7 Family of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Cancer Stemness. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092415. [PMID: 34572067 PMCID: PMC8469079 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been viewed as a disease of normal development gone awry. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), also termed as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are increasingly recognized as a critical tumor cell population that drives not only tumorigenesis but also cancer progression, treatment resistance and metastatic relapse. The let-7 family of microRNAs (miRNAs), first identified in C. elegans but functionally conserved from worms to human, constitutes an important class of regulators for diverse cellular functions ranging from cell proliferation, differentiation and pluripotency to cancer development and progression. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the roles of let-7 miRNAs in regulating cancer stemness. We outline several key RNA-binding proteins, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the regulation of let-7 biogenesis, maturation and function. We then highlight key gene targets and signaling pathways that are regulated or mutually regulated by the let-7 family of miRNAs to modulate CSC characteristics in various types of cancer. We also summarize the existing evidence indicating distinct metabolic pathways regulated by the let-7 miRNAs to impact CSC self-renewal, differentiation and treatment resistance. Lastly, we review current preclinical studies and discuss the clinical implications for developing let-7-based replacement strategies as potential cancer therapeutics that can be delivered through different platforms to target CSCs and reduce/overcome treatment resistance when applied alone or in combination with current chemo/radiation or molecularly targeted therapies. By specifically targeting CSCs, these strategies have the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Max S. Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.W.); (M.L.)
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.W.); (M.L.)
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Jorunnamycin A Suppresses Stem-Like Phenotypes and Sensitizes Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Stem-Like Cell-Enriched Spheroids of Human Lung Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050261. [PMID: 34063628 PMCID: PMC8147647 DOI: 10.3390/md19050261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recognized that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in tumor tissue crucially contribute to therapeutic failure, resulting in a high mortality rate in lung cancer patients. Due to their stem-like features of self-renewal and tumor formation, CSCs can lead to drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Herein, the suppressive effect of jorunnamycin A, a bistetrahydroisoquinolinequinone isolated from Thai blue sponge Xestospongia sp., on cancer spheroid initiation and self-renewal in the CSCs of human lung cancer cells is revealed. The depletion of stemness transcription factors, including Nanog, Oct-4, and Sox2 in the lung CSC-enriched population treated with jorunnamycin A (0.5 μM), resulted from the activation of GSK-3β and the consequent downregulation of β-catenin. Interestingly, pretreatment with jorunnamycin A at 0.5 μM for 24 h considerably sensitized lung CSCs to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by upregulated p53 and decreased Bcl-2 in jorunnamycin A-pretreated CSC-enriched spheroids. Moreover, the combination treatment of jorunnamycin A (0.5 μM) and cisplatin (25 μM) also diminished CD133-overexpresssing cells presented in CSC-enriched spheroids. Thus, evidence on the regulatory functions of jorunnamycin A may facilitate the development of this marine-derived compound as a novel chemotherapy agent that targets CSCs in lung cancer treatment.
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FOXM1 Inhibition in Ovarian Cancer Tissue Cultures Affects Individual Treatment Susceptibility Ex Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050956. [PMID: 33668819 PMCID: PMC7956612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Late diagnosis of ovarian cancer is a major reason for the high mortality rate of this tumor entity. The time to determine tumor susceptibility to treatment is scarce and resistance to therapy occurs very frequently. Here, we aim for a model system that can determine tumor response to (I) study novel drugs and (II) enhance patient stratification. Tissue specimens (n = 10) were acquired from fresh surgical samples. Tissue cultures were cultivated and treated with clinically relevant therapeutics and an FOXM1 inhibitor for 3–6 days. The transcription factor FOXM1 is a key regulator of tumor survival affecting multiple cancerogenic target genes. Gene expression of FOXM1 and its targets BRCA1/2 and RAD51 were investigated together with tumor susceptibility. Tissue cultures successfully demonstrated the individual benefit of FOXM1 inhibition and revealed the potency of the complex model system for oncological research. Abstract Diagnosis in an advanced state is a major hallmark of ovarian cancer and recurrence after first line treatment is common. With upcoming novel therapies, tumor markers that support patient stratification are urgently needed to prevent ineffective therapy. Therefore, the transcription factor FOXM1 is a promising target in ovarian cancer as it is frequently overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis. In this study, fresh tissue specimens of 10 ovarian cancers were collected to investigate tissue cultures in their ability to predict individual treatment susceptibility and to identify the benefit of FOXM1 inhibition. FOXM1 inhibition was induced by thiostrepton (3 µM). Carboplatin (0.2, 2 and 20 µM) and olaparib (10 µM) were applied and tumor susceptibility was analyzed by tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in immunofluorescence microscopy. Resistance mechanisms were investigated by determining the gene expression of FOXM1 and its targets BRCA1/2 and RAD51. Ovarian cancer tissue was successfully maintained for up to 14 days ex vivo, preserving morphological characteristics of the native specimen. Thiostrepton downregulated FOXM1 expression in tissue culture. Individual responses were observed after combined treatment with carboplatin or olaparib. Thus, we successfully implemented a complex tissue culture model to ovarian cancer and showed potential benefit of combined FOXM1 inhibition.
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Yang Y, Mao H, Chen L, Li L. Targeting signal pathways triggered by cyclic peptides in cancer: Current trends and future challenges. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108776. [PMID: 33515532 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a global health issue that origins thousands of deaths annually worldwide. Cyclic peptides are polypeptide chains which are formed by cyclic sequence of amide bonds between proteinogenic or non-proteinogenic amino acids. Numerous evidences indicate that cyclic peptides are implicated with the occurrence and development of cancer. This review presents the current knowledge about the role of cyclic peptides in cancer, such as liver cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer as well as prostate cancer. Specifically, the precise molecular mechanisms between cyclic peptides and cancer are elaborated. Some cyclic peptides from nature and synthesis prevent the occurrence and development of cancer. However, some other cyclic peptides including endothelin-1, urotensinⅡand melanin-concentrating hormone deteriorate the pathogenesis of cancer. Given the pleiotropic actions of cyclic peptides, the identification and development of cyclic peptides and their derivates as drug may be a potent therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hui Mao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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14
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Islam T, Rahman MR, Aydin B, Beklen H, Arga KY, Shahjaman M. Integrative transcriptomics analysis of lung epithelial cells and identification of repurposable drug candidates for COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173594. [PMID: 32971089 PMCID: PMC7505772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease, more commonly COVID-19 has emerged as a world health pandemic. There are couples of treatment methods for COVID-19, however, well-established drugs and vaccines are urgently needed to treat the COVID-19. The new drug discovery is a tremendous challenge; repurposing of existing drugs could shorten the time and expense compared with de novo drug development. In this study, we aimed to decode molecular signatures and pathways of the host cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid identification of repurposable drugs using bioinformatics and network biology strategies. We have analyzed available transcriptomic RNA-seq COVID-19 data to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We detected 177 DEGs specific for COVID-19 where 122 were upregulated and 55 were downregulated compared to control (FDR<0.05 and logFC ≥ 1). The DEGs were significantly involved in the immune and inflammatory response. The pathway analysis revealed the DEGs were found in influenza A, measles, cytokine signaling in the immune system, interleukin-4, interleukin -13, interleukin -17 signaling, and TNF signaling pathways. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed 10 hub genes (BIRC3, ICAM1, IRAK2, MAP3K8, S100A8, SOCS3, STAT5A, TNF, TNFAIP3, TNIP1). The regulatory network analysis showed significant transcription factors (TFs) that target DEGs, namely FOXC1, GATA2, YY1, FOXL1, NFKB1. Finally, drug repositioning analysis was performed with these 10 hub genes and showed that in silico validated three drugs with molecular docking. The transcriptomics signatures, molecular pathways, and regulatory biomolecules shed light on candidate biomarkers and drug targets which have potential roles to manage COVID-19. ICAM1 and TNFAIP3 were the key hubs that have demonstrated good binding affinities with repurposed drug candidates. Dabrafenib, radicicol, and AT-7519 were the top-scored repurposed drugs that showed efficient docking results when they tested with hub genes. The identified drugs should be further evaluated in molecular level wet-lab experiments in prior to clinical studies in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biomedical Science, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh.
| | - Busra Aydin
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Beklen
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Md Shahjaman
- Department of Statistics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
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Garcia-Mayea Y, Mir C, Carballo L, Castellvi J, Temprana-Salvador J, Lorente J, Benavente S, García-Pedrero JM, Allonca E, Rodrigo JP, LLeonart ME. TSPAN1: A Novel Protein Involved in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Chemoresistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113269. [PMID: 33167355 PMCID: PMC7694336 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Therapy resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is the main obstacle to achieve more effective treatments that improve survival and quality of life of these patients. Therefore, it is of vital importance to unravel the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which tumor cells acquire resistance to chemotherapy. We conducted a comparative proteomic study involving cisplatin-resistant cells and cancer stem cells with the aim of identifying proteins potentially implicated in the acquisition of cisplatin resistance. Through this study, we identified for the first time tetraspanin-1 (TSPAN1) as an important protein involved in the development, progression and chemoresistance of HNSCC tumors. Abstract Sensitization of resistant cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) represents a major challenge in cancer therapy. A proteomic study revealed tetraspanin-1 (TSPAN1) as a protein involved in acquisition of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD020159). TSPAN1 was found to increase in CDDP-resistant cells, CSCs and biopsies from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. TSPAN1 depletion in parental and CDDP-resistant HNSCC cells reduced cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, decreased autophagy, sensitized to chemotherapeutic agents and inhibited several signaling cascades, with phospho-SRC inhibition being a major common target. Moreover, TSPAN1 depletion in vivo decreased the size and proliferation of parental and CDDP-resistant tumors and reduced metastatic spreading. Notably, CDDP-resistant tumors showed epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) features that disappeared upon TSPAN1 inhibition, suggesting a link of TSPAN1 with EMT and metastasis. Immunohistochemical analysis of HNSCC specimens further revealed that TSPAN1 expression was correlated with phospho-SRC (pSRC), and inversely with E-cadherin, thus reinforcing TSPAN1 association with EMT. Overall, TSPAN1 emerges as a novel oncogenic protein and a promising target for HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
- Genetic, Microbiology and Statistics Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avenida Diagonal 643, 08014 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mir
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
| | - Laia Carballo
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
| | - Josep Castellvi
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
| | - Jordi Temprana-Salvador
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
| | - Juan Lorente
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Vall d’Hebron (HUVH), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Sergi Benavente
- Radiotherapy Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central University Hospital of Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (E.A.); (J.P.R.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Av. Roma SN, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eva Allonca
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central University Hospital of Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (E.A.); (J.P.R.)
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central University Hospital of Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (E.A.); (J.P.R.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Av. Roma SN, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Matilde E. LLeonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.-M.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.C.); (J.T.-S.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Passeig Vall d´Hebron 119–129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934894169; Fax: +34-932746708
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Cai X, Xiao W, Shen J, Lian H, Lu Y, Liu X, Gu J. Thiostrepton and miR-216b synergistically promote osteosarcoma cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis by targeting FoxM1. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:391. [PMID: 33193851 PMCID: PMC7656114 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common primary bone cancer that there are currently no effective treatment strategies for. Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is key in the development of osteosarcoma, and microRNA (miR)-216b serves an antitumor role by targeting FoxM1. Moreover, thiostrepton (TST), a natural thiazole antibiotic, induces antitumor effects and specifically targets FoxM1. Therefore, the present study investigated whether thiostrepton and miR-216b synergistically inhibited osteosarcoma cells by targeting FoxM1. The MTT assay, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, a dual-luciferase reporter assay and flow cytometry were performed. Compared with the human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19, miR-216b expression was significantly downregulated in the osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS, MG63 and Saos-2. By contrast, FoxM1 expression was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines compared with the hFOB1.19 cell line. The results indicated that miR-216b targeted the 3′-untranslated region of FoxM1. Moreover, the results suggested that miR-216b cooperated with TST to decrease cell cytotoxicity and increase cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-216b cooperated with TST to increase Bax expression and decrease Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, the combination of TST and miR-216b synergistically promoted osteosarcoma cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis by targeting FoxM1. Therefore, the present study suggested that the combination of TST and miR-216b may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongming Branch of Tongji Univercity Affiliated the Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai 202157, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
| | - Juexin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
| | - Xianmiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
| | - Jisheng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
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Xiao W, Chen K, Zhang X. Pivotal biomarker expression and drug screening in advanced ccRCC. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e114. [PMID: 32567127 PMCID: PMC7403719 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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18
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Liao Y, Xiao H, Cheng M, Fan X. Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Biomarkers With Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:427. [PMID: 32528520 PMCID: PMC7247832 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor stem cells play important roles in the survival, proliferation, metastasis and recurrence of tumors. We aimed to identify new prognostic biomarkers for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) based on the cancer stem cell theory. Methods RNA-seq data and relevant clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify significant modules and hub genes, and prognostic signatures were constructed with the prognostic hub genes. Results LUSC patients in the TCGA database have higher mRNA expression-based stemness index (mRNAsi) in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue. In addition, some clinical features and outcomes were highly correlated with the mRNAsi. WGCNA revealed that the pink and yellow modules were the most significant modules related to the mRNAsi; the top 10 hub genes in the pink module were enriched mostly in epidermal development, the secretory granule membrane, receptor regulator activity and the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network revealed that the top 10 hub genes were significantly correlated with each other at the transcriptional level. In addition, the top 10 hub genes were all highly expressed in LUSC, and some were differentially expressed in different TNM stages. Regarding the survival analysis, the nomogram of a prognostic signature with three hub genes showed high predictive value. Conclusion mRNAsi-related hub genes could be a potential biomarker of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianming Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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19
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Liao Y, Wang Y, Cheng M, Huang C, Fan X. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis of Features That Control Cancer Stem Cells Reveals Prognostic Biomarkers in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:311. [PMID: 32391047 PMCID: PMC7192063 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to identify new prognostic biomarkers of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) based on cancer stem cell theory. Materials and Methods: RNA-seq and microarray data were obtained with clinical information downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify significant module and hub genes. The hub genes were validated via microarray data from GEO, and a prognostic signature with prognostic hub genes was constructed. Results LUAD patients enrolled from TCGA had a higher mRNA expression-based stemness index (mRNAsi) in tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue. Some clinical features and prognoses were found to be highly correlated with mRNAsi. WGCNA found that the green module and blue module were the most significant modules related to mRNAsi; 50 key genes were identified in the green module and were enriched mostly in the cell cycle, chromosome segregation, chromosomal region and microtubule binding. Six hub genes were revealed through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin of Cytoscape software. Based on external verification with the GEO database, these six genes are not only expressed at different levels in LUAD and normal tissues but also associated with different clinical features. In addition, the construction of a prognostic signature with three hub genes showed high predictive value. Conclusion mRNAsi-related biomarkers may suggest a new potential treatment strategy for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianming Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine II, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Cheng M, Zhang ZW, Ji XH, Xu Y, Bian E, Zhao B. Super-enhancers: A new frontier for glioma treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188353. [PMID: 32112817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the human brain. Although there are a variety of treatments, such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, glioma is still an incurable disease. Super-enhancers (SEs) are implicated in the control of tumor cell identity, and they promote oncogenic transcription, which supports tumor cells. Inhibition of the SE complex, which is required for the assembly and maintenance of SEs, may repress oncogenic transcription and impede tumor growth. In this review, we discuss the unique characteristics of SEs compared to typical enhancers, and we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of their properties and biological role in gene regulation. Additionally, we highlight that SE-driven lncRNAs, miRNAs and genes are involved in the malignant phenotype of glioma. Most importantly, the application of SE inhibitors in different cancer subtypes has introduced new directions in glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zheng Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xing Hu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yadi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
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21
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Wu PC, Fann MJ, Tran TT, Chen SC, Devina T, Cheng IHJ, Lien CC, Kao LS, Wang SJ, Fuh JL, Tzeng TT, Huang CY, Shiao YJ, Wong YH. Assessing the therapeutic potential of Graptopetalum paraguayense on Alzheimer's disease using patient iPSC-derived neurons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19301. [PMID: 31848379 PMCID: PMC6917798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and also one of the leading causes of death worldwide. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, and currently there is no drug treatment that can prevent or cure AD. Here, we have applied the advantages of using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons (iNs) from AD patients, which are able to offer human-specific drug responsiveness, in order to evaluate therapeutic candidates for AD. Using approach involving an inducible neurogenin-2 transgene, we have established a robust and reproducible protocol for differentiating human iPSCs into glutamatergic neurons. The AD-iN cultures that result have mature phenotypic and physiological properties, together with AD-like biochemical features that include extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and Tau protein phosphorylation. By screening using a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) approach, Graptopetalum paraguayense (GP) has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent for AD from among a range of Chinese herbal medicines. We found that administration of a GP extract caused a significantly reduction in the AD-associated phenotypes of the iNs, including decreased levels of extracellular Aβ40 and Aβ42, as well as reduced Tau protein phosphorylation at positions Ser214 and Ser396. Additionally, the effect of GP was more prominent in AD-iNs compared to non-diseased controls. These findings provide valuable information that suggests moving extracts of GP toward drug development, either for treating AD or as a health supplement to prevent AD. Furthermore, our human iN-based platform promises to be a useful strategy when it is used for AD drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Wu
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Ming-Ji Fann
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Tu Thanh Tran
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Shu-Cian Chen
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Tania Devina
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Irene Han-Juo Cheng
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Cheng-Chang Lien
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Lung-Sen Kao
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Division of General Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).,Division of General Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Tsai-Teng Tzeng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chi-Ying Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Young-Ji Shiao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC). .,National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).
| | - Yu-Hui Wong
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan (ROC).
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22
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Huang TH, Wu ATH, Cheng TS, Lin KT, Lai CJ, Hsieh HW, Chang PMH, Wu CW, Huang CYF, Chen KY. In silico identification of thiostrepton as an inhibitor of cancer stem cell growth and an enhancer for chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8184-8195. [PMID: 31638335 PMCID: PMC6850923 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer treatment resistance and disease progression. Identifying an effective anti-CSC agent may lead to improved disease control. We used CSC-associated gene signatures to identify drug candidates that may inhibit CSC growth by reversing the CSC gene signature. Thiostrepton, a natural cyclic oligopeptide antibiotic, was the top-ranked candidate. In non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, thiostrepton inhibited CSC growth in vitro and reduced protein expression of cancer stemness markers, including CD133, Nanog and Oct4A. In addition, metastasis-associated Src tyrosine kinase signalling, cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were all inhibited by thiostrepton. Mechanistically, thiostrepton treatment led to elevated levels of tumour suppressor miR-98. Thiostrepton combined with gemcitabine synergistically suppressed NSCLC cell growth and induced apoptosis. The inhibition of NSCLC tumours and CSC growth by thiostrepton was also demonstrated in vivo. Our findings indicate that thiostrepton, an established drug identified in silico, is an inhibitor of CSC growth and a potential enhancer of chemotherapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Shan Cheng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Lin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Chia-Jou Lai
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wen Hsieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peter Mu-Hsin Chang
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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