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Cai R, Chen Q, Zhao D, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zhang K, Shan J, Li Z, Chen Y, Zhang H, Feng G, Zhu X, Deng R, Tang J. A High Immune-Related Index with the Suppression of cGAS-STING Pathway is a Key Determinant to Herceptin Resistance in HER2+ Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3497-3514. [PMID: 38993569 PMCID: PMC11234227 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.94868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistance to HER2-targeted therapy is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with HER2+ breast cancer (BC). Given the key role of immune microenvironment in tumor development, there is a lack of an ideal prognostic model that fully accounts for immune infiltration. In this study, WGCNA analysis was performed to discover the relationship between immune-related signaling and prognosis of HER2+ BC. After Herceptin-resistant BC cell lines established, transcriptional profiles of resistant cell line and RNA-sequencing data from GSE76360 cohort were analyzed for candidate genes. 85 samples of HER2+ BC from TCGA database were analyzed by the Cox regression, XGBoost and Lasso algorithm to generalize a credible immune-related prognostic index (IRPI). Correlations between the IRPI signature and tumor microenvironment were further analyzed by multiple algorithms, including single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis. Patients with high IRPI had suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and worse prognosis. The suppression of type I interferon signaling indicated by the IRPI in Herceptin-resistant HER2+ BC was validated. And we elucidated that the suppression of cGAS-STING pathway is the key determinant underlying immune escape in Herceptin-resistant BC with high IRPI. A combination of STING agonist and DS-8201 could serve as a new strategy for Herceptin-resistant HER2+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhao Cai
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dechang Zhao
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongkan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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2
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He L, Zhang C, He W, Xu M. The emerging role of ectodermal neural cortex 1 in cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:513. [PMID: 38177640 PMCID: PMC10766627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal neural cortex 1 (ENC1) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Numerous studies have shown that ENC1 is overexpressed in various types of cancers, including breast, lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer, and its upregulation is correlated with a poorer prognosis. In addition to its role in cancer growth and spreading, ENC1 has also been linked to neuronal process development and neural crest cell differentiation. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the relationship between ENC1 and cancer. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which ENC1 contributes to tumorigenesis, including its involvement in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. We also summarize the potential of targeting ENC1 for cancer therapy, as its inhibition has been shown to significantly reduce cancer cell invasion, growth, and metastasis. Finally, we highlight the remaining gaps in our understanding of ENC1's role in cancer and propose potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling He
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 318, Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wenjing He
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoji Gaoxin Hospital, Baoji, 721006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Minjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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3
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Xing T, Hu Y, Wang H, Zou Q. A senescence-related signature for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer: A bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33739. [PMID: 37171330 PMCID: PMC10174404 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with diverse prognosis and treatment outcomes. Current gene signatures for prognostic prediction are limited to specific subtypes of breast cancer. Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that affects various physiological and pathological processes. This study aimed to develop and validate a senescence-related signature for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients. We retrieved 744 senescence-associated genes from the SeneQuest database and analyzed their expression profiles in 2 large datasets of breast cancer patients: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC). We used univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate Cox regression analysis to derive a 29-gene senescence-related risk signature. The risk signature was significantly associated with disease-specific survival (DSS), clinical characteristics, molecular subtypes, and immune checkpoint genes expressions in both datasets. The risk signature also stratified high-risk and low-risk patients within the same clinical stage and molecular subtype. The risk signature was an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer patients. The senescence-related signature may be a useful biomarker for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of breast cancer patients. The risk signature may also guide adjuvant chemotherapy decisions, especially in hormone receptor positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)- subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyi Hu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Martins Gama J, Caetano Oliveira R, Teixeira P, Silva F, Abrantes C, Figueiredo P, Simões S, Rebelo O, Cipriano MA. An Immunohistochemical Study of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases: The Role of CD44 and AKT in the Prognosis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:318-323. [PMID: 37093706 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major health burden, and up to one-third of patients with breast cancer develop brain metastases, which are linked to a very poor prognosis. Few biomarkers are available to predict the prognosis of patients with metastases. Assessment by immunohistochemistry may be used as a tool to predict the behavior of these tumors. A retrospective transversal study including 114 patients (diagnosed between 2000 and 2016) with breast cancer brain metastases was carried out using archival biological material from 114 patients with breast cancer brain metastases. Expression of CD44, HER2, ER, PR, CA9, PDL-1, CD133, ALDH1, PTEN, AKT, PI3K, and AR markers was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The overexpression of CD44 and AKT was associated with worse overall survival ( P =0.047 and P =0,034, respectively), on univariate analysis, in the cohort of parenchymal and bone metastases; the impact of AKT expression was also evident in the parenchymal cohort on uni ( P =0.021) and multivariate analysis ( P =0.027). The remaining markers did not exhibit a statistical correlation. Immunohistochemistry markers such as CD44 and AKT may have a prognostic impact on survival in patients with breast cancer brain metastases. The conjugation with other markers may help with the stratification of patients and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Caetano Oliveira
- Department of Pathology
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Byophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra
| | | | | | - Carlos Abrantes
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Figueiredo
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Simões
- Neuropathology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Coimbra
| | - Olinda Rebelo
- Neuropathology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Coimbra
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5
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Hashemi M, Hasani S, Hajimazdarany S, Ghadyani F, Olyaee Y, Khodadadi M, Ziyarani MF, Dehghanpour A, Salehi H, Kakavand A, Goharrizi MASB, Aref AR, Salimimoghadam S, Akbari ME, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K, Entezari M. Biological functions and molecular interactions of Wnt/β-catenin in breast cancer: Revisiting signaling networks. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123377. [PMID: 36702226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Changes in lifestyle such as physical activity and eating habits have been one of the main reasons for development of various diseases in modern world, especially cancer. However, role of genetic factors in initiation of cancer cannot be ignored and Wnt/β-catenin signaling is such factor that can affect tumor progression. Breast tumor is the most malignant tumor in females and it causes high mortality and morbidity around the world. The survival and prognosis of patients are not still desirable, although there have been advances in introducing new kinds of therapies and diagnosis. The present review provides an update of Wnt/β-catenin function in breast cancer malignancy. The upregulation of Wnt is commonly observed during progression of breast tumor and confirms that tumor cells are dependent on this pathway Wnt/β-catenin induction prevents apoptosis that is of importance for mediating drug resistance. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces DNA damage repair in ameliorating radio-resistance. Wnt/β-catenin enhances proliferation and metastasis of breast tumor. Wnt/β-catenin induces EMT and elevates MMP expression. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin participates in tumor microenvironment remodeling and due to its tumor-promoting factor, drugs for its suppression have been developed. Different kinds of upstream mediators Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer have been recognized that their targeting is a therapeutic approach. Finally, Wnt/β-catenin can be considered as a biomarker in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Hasani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Olyaee
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Khodadadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah Ziyarani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Dehghanpour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Salehi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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He L, He W, Luo J, Xu M. Upregulated ENC1 predicts unfavorable prognosis and correlates with immune infiltration in endometrial cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:919637. [PMID: 36531950 PMCID: PMC9751423 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.919637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A better knowledge of the molecular process behind uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is important for prognosis prediction and the development of innovative targeted gene therapies. The purpose of this research is to discover critical genes associated with UCEC. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of TCGA-UCEC and GSE17025, respectively, using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis. From four sets of findings, a total of 95 overlapping genes were retrieved. On the 95 overlapping genes, KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analysis were conducted. Then, we mapped the PPI network of 95 overlapping genes using the STRING database. Twenty hub genes were evaluated using the Cytohubba plugin, including NR3C1, ATF3, KLF15, THRA, NR4A1, FOSB, PER3, HLF, NTRK3, EGR3, MAPK13, ARNTL2, PKM2, SCD, EIF5A, ADHFE1, RERGL, TUB, and ENC1. The expression levels of NR3C1, PKM2, and ENC1 were shown to be adversely linked with the survival time of UCEC patients using univariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival calculation. ENC1 were also overexpressed in UCEC tumor tissues or cell lines, as shown by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Then we looked into it further and discovered that ENC1 expression was linked to tumor microenvironment and predicted various immunological checkpoints. In conclusion, our data indicate that ENC1 may be required for the development of UCEC and may serve as a future biomarker for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenjing He
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoji Gaoxin Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Minjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
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7
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Ye G, Wang J, Yang W, Li J, Ye M, Jin X. The roles of KLHL family members in human cancers. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5105-5139. [PMID: 36504893 PMCID: PMC9729911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kelch-like (KLHL) family members consist of three domains: bric-a-brac, tramtrack, broad complex/poxvirus and zinc finger domain, BACK domain and Kelch domain, which combine and interact with Cullin3 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Research has indicated that KLHL family members ubiquitinate target substrates to regulate physiological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis and progression. KLHL19, a member of the KLHL family, is associated with tumorigenesis and drug resistance. However, the regulation and cross talks of other KLHL family members, which also play roles in cancer, are still unclear. Our review mainly explores studies concerning the roles of other KLHL family members in tumor-related regulation to provide novel insights into KLHL family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghui Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weili Yang
- Yinzhou People’s Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jinyun Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Meng Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020, Zhejiang, P. R. China,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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8
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Takahashi K, Podyma-Inoue KA, Saito M, Sakakitani S, Sugauchi A, Iida K, Iwabuchi S, Koinuma D, Kurioka K, Konishi T, Tanaka S, Kaida A, Miura M, Hashimoto S, Okada M, Uchihashi T, Miyazono K, Watabe T. TGF-β generates a population of cancer cells residing in G1 phase with high motility and metastatic potential via KRTAP2-3. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111411. [PMID: 36170816 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) increases epithelial cancer cell migration and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). TGF-β also inhibits cell proliferation by inducing G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. However, the correlation between these tumor-promoting and -suppressing effects remains unclear. Here, we show that TGF-β confers higher motility and metastatic ability to oral cancer cells in G1 phase. Mechanistically, keratin-associated protein 2-3 (KRTAP2-3) is a regulator of these dual effects of TGF-β, and its expression is correlated with tumor progression in patients with head and neck cancer and migratory and metastatic potentials of oral cancer cells. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that TGF-β generates two populations of mesenchymal cancer cells with differential cell-cycle status through two distinctive EMT pathways mediated by Slug/HMGA2 and KRTAP2-3. Thus, TGF-β-induced KRTAP2-3 orchestrates cancer cell proliferation and migration by inducing EMT, suggesting motile cancer cells arrested in G1 phase as a target to suppress metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Katarzyna A Podyma-Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Maki Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shintaro Sakakitani
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Akinari Sugauchi
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keita Iida
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Daizo Koinuma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kurioka
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Konishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaida
- Department of Oral Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Masahiko Miura
- Department of Oral Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Mariko Okada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Uchihashi
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Unit of Dentistry, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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9
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Cui X, Yang X, Wang G, Li H, Li S, Xu T, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Du Y, Dong M. Regulation of antitumor miR-205 targets oncogenes: Direct regulation of lymphoid specific helicase and its clinical significance. Life Sci 2022; 309:120993. [PMID: 36162484 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
HEADING AIMS Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high incidence and leading cancer-related death in women worldwide. MiR-205 plays a crucial role in breast cancer initiation and progression. Here, we identified the relationship between miR-205 and lymphoid specific helicase and confirmed the significance of the miR-205/lymphoid specific helicase (miR-205/HELLS) axis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to investigate the expression level of miR-205 and HELLS in breast cancer. The TargetScan, Starbase and miRWalk databases were used to predict the candidate target genes of miR-205. Proliferation and migration abilities were examined using cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assays, transwell assay and wound-healing assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was utilized to confirm the binding of miR-205 and HELLS. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blot assays or immunohistochemistry were conducted to detect the expression level of genes in breast cancer cells or tissues. Mice xenograft models were constructed to explore the function of miR-205 and HELLS in vivo. KEY FINDINGS Overexpressed miR-205 alleviated cancer cell proliferation and migration and influenced patients' prognosis by negatively regulating the HELLS gene. Consistently, animal experiments revealed that both overexpressing miR-205 and knocking down HELLS exhibited significant tumor growth inhibition in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrated that miR-205 targets HELLS to regulate tumor progression. MiR-205 and HELLS could be considered a novel diagnosis and therapeutic molecular marker of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Cui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanning Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology research center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaying Du
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Menglu Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Krobthong S, Yingchutrakul Y, Sittisaree W, Tulyananda T, Samutrtai P, Choowongkomon K, Lao-On U. Evaluation of potential anti-metastatic and antioxidative abilities of natural peptides derived from Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth in A549 cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13693. [PMID: 35818360 PMCID: PMC9270879 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth is a well-known medicinal plant found in tropical and subtropical regions. It contains a broad range of bioactive compounds that exhibit many biological effects, including antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antioxidative activities. However, the effect of natural peptides from T. stans against cancer progression and free radical production is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic, anti-metastatic, and antioxidative activities of natural peptides from T. stans on A549 cells. Methods The natural peptides were extracted from the flower of T. stans using the pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) method, followed by size exclusion chromatography and solid-phase extraction-C18. The cytotoxic and anti-metastatic effects of natural peptides were evaluated using MTT and transwell chamber assays, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity of natural peptides was determined using ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The cells were pretreated with the IC50 dosage of natural peptides and stimulated with LPS before analyzing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteomics. Results Natural peptides induced cell toxicity at a concentration of less than 1 ng/ml and markedly reduced cell motility of A549 cells. The cells had a migration rate of less than 10% and lost their invasion ability in the treatment condition. In addition, natural peptides showed free radical scavenging activity similar to standard antioxidants and significantly decreased intracellular ROS in the LPS-induced cells. Proteomic analysis revealed 1,604 differentially expressed proteins. The self-organizing tree algorithm (SOTA) clustered the protein abundances into eleven groups. The volcano plot revealed that the cancer-promoting proteins (NCBP2, AMD, MER34, ENC1, and COA4) were down-regulated, while the secretory glycoprotein (A1BG) and ROS-reducing protein (ASB6) were up-regulated in the treatment group. Conclusion The anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic activities of natural peptides may be attributed to the suppression of several cancer-promoting proteins. In contrast, their antioxidative activity may result from the up-regulation of ROS-reducing protein. This finding suggests that natural peptides from T. stans are viable for being the new potential anti-cancer and antioxidative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucheewin Krobthong
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yodying Yingchutrakul
- National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Tatpong Tulyananda
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pawitrabhorn Samutrtai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Udom Lao-On
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand,Hematology and Transfusion Science Research Center (HTSRC), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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11
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Raut D, Vora A, Bhatt LK. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway in breast cancer therapy: a pre-clinical perspective of its targeting for clinical translation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 22:97-114. [PMID: 34927527 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2016398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite various treatments available, there is still a high mortality rate in breast cancer patients. Thus, there exists an unmet need for new therapeutic interventions. Studies show that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in breast cancer metastasis because of its transcriptional control on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. AREAS COVERED This comprehensive review explores the Wnt signaling pathway as a potential target for treating breast cancer and other breast cancer subtypes. We discuss the Wnt signaling pathway, its role in breast cancer metastasis, and its effect on breast cancer stem cells. Further, endogenous agents that cause Wnt pathway inactivation are outlined. Finally, various natural and chemical compounds modulating the Wnt pathway used in pre-clinical or clinical trials for breast cancer treatment are discussed. EXPERT OPINION In vitro and in vivo studies indicate an immense potential of agents targeting the Wnt signaling pathway to prevent and manage breast cancer. Still, more clinical studies are required to support their use in humans. Apart from the agents already in clinical trials, several drug combinations discussed may be translated into clinical practice in a few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezaree Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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12
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Li L, Wang N, Zhu M, Xiong Y, Wang F, Guo G, Wang X, Gu Y. Aberrant super-enhancer-driven oncogene ENC1 promotes the radio-resistance of breast carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:777. [PMID: 34362881 PMCID: PMC8346480 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Poor response of tumors to radiotherapy is a major clinical obstacle. Because of the dynamic characteristics of the epigenome, identification of possible epigenetic modifiers may be beneficial to confer radio-sensitivity. This research was set to examine the modulation of ectodermal-neural cortex 1 (ENC1) in radio-resistance in breast carcinoma (BC). In silico identification and immunohistochemical staining revealed that overexpression of ENC1 promoted BC metastasis to the bone and brain. Moreover, its overexpression promoted the translocation of YAP1/TAZ into the nucleus and enhanced expression of GLI1, CTGF, and FGF1 through the Hippo pathway. ENC1 expression was controlled by a ~10-kb long SE. ENC1-SEdistal deletion reduced ENC1 expression and inhibited the malignant behavior of BC cells and their resistance to radiotherapy. The binding sites on the ENC1-SE region enriched the shared sequence between TCF4 and ENC1 promoter. Knocking-down TCF4 inhibited luciferase activity and H3K27ac-enriched binding of the ENC1-SE region. Additionally, SE-driven ENC1 overexpression mediated by TCF4 may have clinical implications in radio-resistance in BC patients. Our findings indicated that ENC1 overexpression is mediated by SE and the downstream TCF4 to potentiate the Hippo/YAP1/TAZ pathway. Targeting this axis might be a therapeutic strategy for overcoming BC radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Youyi Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangcheng Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyan Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Wu C, Wang X, Wu X, Chen X. Ectodermal‑neural cortex 1 affects the biological function of lung cancer through the MAPK pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:79. [PMID: 33693958 PMCID: PMC7979257 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal-neural cortex 1 (ENC1), a highly expressed protein in lung cancer tissues, was identified from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of ENC1 on the biological functions of lung cancer cells. For this purpose, the expression of ENC1 was examined by RT-qPCR to compare mRNA expression levels between 28 lung cancer tissue samples and para-cancerous tissue samples. The association between ENC1 expression and clinicopathological features was evaluated between the 2 tissue types. Using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, the expression of ENC1 was investigated in a normal lung cell line (16HBE) and 2 lung cancer cell lines (A549 and H1299). The effect of siRNA targeting ENC1 (si-ENC1) on the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay at the indicated time points. Transwell assay was used to measure the migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells following transfection with siRNA targeting ENC1 (si-ENC1). The expression levels of several proteins related to migration and invasion were examined by western blot analysis. A mouse model of subcutaneous tumor xenotransplantation was established in nude mice to examine the effects of ENC1 downregulation on cancer cells. The results revealed that the expression of ENC1 in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cells was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues and non-cancer lung cells, respectively. The knockdown of ENC1 in the A549 and H1299 cells using si-ENC1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion compared with the untransfected cells. The knockdown of ENC1 significantly downregulated the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, N-cadherin, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p-p38. The levels of E-cadherin were upregulated. In the mouse lung tumor model, reduced levels of ENC1 inhibited the growth of lung tumors. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that ENC1 is involved in the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, and may thus be an effective diagnostic target for certain cancers. The inhibition or reduction of ENC1 activity may represent a breakthrough in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xianghai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xingwei Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xingwu Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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14
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Ehrlich KC, Baribault C, Ehrlich M. Epigenetics of Muscle- and Brain-Specific Expression of KLHL Family Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8394. [PMID: 33182325 PMCID: PMC7672584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
KLHL and the related KBTBD genes encode components of the Cullin-E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and typically target tissue-specific proteins for degradation, thereby affecting differentiation, homeostasis, metabolism, cell signaling, and the oxidative stress response. Despite their importance in cell function and disease (especially, KLHL40, KLHL41, KBTBD13, KEAP1, and ENC1), previous studies of epigenetic factors that affect transcription were predominantly limited to promoter DNA methylation. Using diverse tissue and cell culture whole-genome profiles, we examined 17 KLHL or KBTBD genes preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle or brain to identify tissue-specific enhancer and promoter chromatin, open chromatin (DNaseI hypersensitivity), and DNA hypomethylation. Sixteen of the 17 genes displayed muscle- or brain-specific enhancer chromatin in their gene bodies, and most exhibited specific intergenic enhancer chromatin as well. Seven genes were embedded in super-enhancers (particularly strong, tissue-specific clusters of enhancers). The enhancer chromatin regions typically displayed foci of DNA hypomethylation at peaks of open chromatin. In addition, we found evidence for an intragenic enhancer in one gene upregulating expression of its neighboring gene, specifically for KLHL40/HHATL and KLHL38/FBXO32 gene pairs. Many KLHL/KBTBD genes had tissue-specific promoter chromatin at their 5' ends, but surprisingly, two (KBTBD11 and KLHL31) had constitutively unmethylated promoter chromatin in their 3' exons that overlaps a retrotransposed KLHL gene. Our findings demonstrate the importance of expanding epigenetic analyses beyond the 5' ends of genes in studies of normal and abnormal gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C. Ehrlich
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Carl Baribault
- Center for Research and Scientific Computing (CRSC), Tulane University Information Technology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Melanie Ehrlich
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Tulane Cancer Center, Hayward Genetics Program, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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15
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Zhou Y, Tang X, Niu L, Liu Y, Wang B, He J. Ectodermal-neural cortex 1 as a novel biomarker predicts poor prognosis and induces metastasis in breast cancer by promoting Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8826-8835. [PMID: 32618411 PMCID: PMC7412682 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, as the most common malignancy, is the second leading cause of cancer‐related death in women. One of the kelch family member ENC1 is involved in various pathophysiologic processes. But the role of ENC1 in breast cancer has not been investigated. The present study value the feature, clinical significance and the molecular mechanisms of ENC1 in breast cancer. The expression and prognosis value of ENC1 expression among breast cancer and normal breast tissue were investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and human samples. ENC1 was knockdown to explore its function in various breast cancer cell lines. Western blot was performed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. We observed that ENC1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues. ENC1 overexpression was associated with high metastasis and predicted a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. ENC1 Knockdown inhibits the growth, clone formation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Mechanism analysis revealed ENC1 was strong associated with the metastasis by modulating β‐catenin pathway. Our study emphasizes that ENC1 is a potential prognostic and metastasis‐related marker of breast cancer, and may function as a possible therapeutic target against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ligang Niu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun He
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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